英语现在完成时态讲解学习资料

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现在完成时态讲解

现在完成时态讲解

现在完成时现在完成时表示在过去发生但与现在情况有联系的动作或状态的时态。

那么,英语现在完成时的句子结构和语法特点是怎样的呢?下面为您讲解一下。

1、现在完成时的构成:现在完成时是由“助动词have/has+动词过去分词”构成的。

①助动词have/has可以与主语缩写为‟ve / …s。

e.g. I have → I‟ve We have → We‟ve He has → He‟s It has → It‟s②规则变化的过去分词与动词过去式一样。

③不规则变化的动词过去分词见表。

2、现在完成时的基本句型。

①陈述句肯定形式。

e.g. I have had lunch. 我已经吃过午饭了。

He has gone to Beijing. 他去北京了。

②陈述句否定形式。

(在助动词have/has后+not,可缩写为haven‟t/hasn‟te.g. I haven‟t had lunch. 我还未吃午饭。

He hasn‟t gone to Beijing. 他还没有去北京。

③一般疑问句形式及其答语。

(将助动词have/has提前,答语一般用have, has回答)e.g. Have you had lunch? 你吃过午饭了没? Yes, I have. No, I haven‟t.Has he gone to Beijing? 他去过北京了没有? Yes, he has. No, he hasn‟t.否定回答还可以用:No, not yet. / No, never. / No, not even once等。

④特殊疑问句形式。

(疑问词+一般疑问句)e.g. Where has he gone? 他去了哪里?3、现在完成时的三个基本用法。

(1) 现在完成时的第一个基本用法表示过去发生或已完成的某一个动作对现在造成的影响或结果。

e.g. Have you had lunch? Yes, I have. I‟ve just had it.你吃过午饭没?有,吃过了,我刚刚吃的。

(完整版)现在完成时讲解

(完整版)现在完成时讲解
W I have bought this watch for five years.
I have had this watch for five years / since 5 years ago.
2.这位老人已经死了十年了。
WThe old man has died for ten years.
The old man has been dead for ten years/since 10 years ago.
I have learnt English for more than ten years.我已经学了10多年的英语。
(从10年前开始,持续到现在还在学)
上一页
She has swum since half an hour ago. 我已经游泳了半个小时
(半个小时前已经开始游泳,到现在还在游)
主菜单
于助动词或系动词后,实义动词前。 • never用于句中,助动词或系动词后,实
义动词前,表示否定意义。
• He has ever been to Paris.
• He has never been to Paris.
3) just表示“刚刚”(用于完成时态时,与already, never 等副词的位置一样,多用在助动词have/has和 动词过去分词之间)
He has been here for three days.
He has been here since yesterday.
He has been here since two days ago / last Monday.
He has been here since his wife died.
Since he was a child ,he has lived in England.

英语现在完成时语法讲解

英语现在完成时语法讲解

英语现在完成时语法讲解英语现在完成时(Present Perfect Tense)是用来表达过去发生的动作或状态与现在的关系的一种时态。

它由“have/has + 过去分词”构成。

现在完成时常用于以下几种情况:1. 表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。

例如:I have lost my key.(我把钥匙弄丢了。

)这里的“have lost”表示过去发生的动作,但是现在没有钥匙导致现在的结果是找不到钥匙。

2. 表示过去发生的动作在现在仍然持续或重复。

例如:He has lived in London for five years.(他在伦敦住了五年了。

)这里的“has lived”表示过去开始的动作,但是他至今仍然住在伦敦。

3. 表示过去发生的动作在现在刚刚完成。

例如:She has just finished her homework.(她刚刚完成了她的作业。

)这里的“has just finished”表示刚刚完成的动作。

4. 表示过去发生的动作在现在的时间段内发生多次。

例如:I have visited Paris many times.(我去过巴黎很多次。

)这里的“have visited”表示过去的多次动作在现在的时间段内持续进行。

需要注意的是,现在完成时与具体的过去时间点无关,而与现在的状态或结果相关。

此外,现在完成时也可以与一些时间状语连用,如just(刚刚)、already(已经)、yet(还)等,以更准确地表示动作发生的时间。

下面是一些现在完成时的例句:- I have finished my work.(我完成了我的工作。

)- Have you ever been to China?(你去过中国吗?)- She has already eaten dinner.(她已经吃过晚饭了。

)- We haven"t seen each other for a long time.(我们很久没有见面了。

英语语法现在完成时知识点归纳总结

英语语法现在完成时知识点归纳总结

英语语法现在完成时知识点归纳总结现在完成时是英语中常用的一种时态,它描述的是过去发生的动作或经历对现在产生的影响或结果。

在学习现在完成时时,有一些重要的知识点需要掌握。

本文将对现在完成时的构成、用法以及一些相关的注意事项进行总结。

一、构成现在完成时由助动词have/has和动词的过去分词构成。

具体构成如下:1. 肯定句:主语 + have/has + 过去分词 + 其他.例如:- I have finished my homework.- He has bought a new car.2. 否定句:主语 + have/has + not + 过去分词 + 其他.例如:- I have not seen him this week.- She has not visited her grandparents yet.3. 疑问句:Have/Has + 主语 + 过去分词 + 其他?例如:- Have you ever been to Paris?- Has he finished his work yet?二、用法1. 表示过去某个时间点开始的动作一直持续到现在,强调对现在的影响或结果。

例如:- I have lived in this city for three years. (到现在为止)- She has studied English since she was a child. (一直到现在)2. 表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的经历或影响。

例如:- I have lost my keys. (我丢了钥匙,现在找不到)- They have seen that movie. (他们看过那部电影,对现在的观影经历有影响)3. 表示过去已完成的动作,常和表示过去的时间状语连用,指的是从过去某一时刻到现在的时间内完成的动作。

例如:- She has already finished her homework. (她已经完成了作业)- They have just arrived at the airport. (他们刚到达机场)三、注意事项1. 现在完成时常与表示过去的时间状语连用,如already, yet, just, for, since等。

英语语法-现在完成时讲解

英语语法-现在完成时讲解

第六讲现在完成时1.定义:1)、表示动作或状态在过去已经开始, 持续到现在, 也许还要持续下去,常和for, since, 连用, 表示持续的动作或状态多为延续性动词.eg: We have lived here since 2000.自从2000年以来我们一直住在这里. ( 说明一直住在这里, 也许还会住下去. )She has worked in Nanning for five years.She has been ill for a week.2)表示过去发生的或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果.eg: I have lost my pen. 我把钢笔弄丢了. ( 过去某时丢的, 现在还没有找到)I have already watched the TV play. 我已经看过这部电视剧了.--- Have you had your lunch yet ? 你吃过午饭了吗?--- Yes, I have just had it. 是的, 我刚吃过. ( 说明现在饱了)2. 结构: 主语+ have / has + done + …3. 句型: ⑴肯定句: ①主语+ have / has + done + …eg:She has been to Shanghai. 她去过上海.I have finished doing my homework. 我已经完成我的作业了.⑵否定句: ①主语+ have / has + not +done + …eg:I haven’t seen this film. 我没有看过这部电影.eg:She hasn’t finished doing his homework. 她还没有完成她的作业.⑶一般疑问句:① Have / Has + 主语+ done + …eg: Have you seen this film ? Yes, I have. / No, I haven’t .你看过这部电影吗? 是的, 看过. / 不, 没有.eg:Has she finished do ing his homework ? Yes, she has . / No, she hasn’t.她完成她的作业了吗? 是的, 完成了. / 不, 没有.⑷特殊疑问句:①特殊疑问词+ have / has + 主语+ done + …eg: When has you seen this film ? 你什么时候看的这部电影?eg: Who has finished doing his homework ? 谁完成了作业?4. 时间状语:典型的表时间的词与现在完成时连用,这些词有:for 、since、already、yet、ever、never、recently、just、before、so far、by now、once ,twice…等连用.注意: for+一段时间since+过去的某一个时间点I have lived in Nanning for ten years.I have lived in Nanning since ten years ago/ 2002.I haven’t seen him for 15 years .I have never seen him since 1998.already :用于肯定句, 可放在助动词之后、过去分词之前,也可放在句末.I have already finished my homework.yet: 用在疑问句中意为”已经”, 用在否定句中表示”还”, 常放在句末.Have you finished your homework yet?I haven’t finished my homework yet.ever: 曾经用于疑问句中:Have you ever been to Beijing?Have you ever been to Shanghai ? 你去过上海吗?never: 未曾从未I have never traveled by plane before. 我以前从来没有乘飞机旅行过.recently:最近用于肯定否定疑问句中I have been busy recently.We have not seen Tom recently.Have they been here recently.eg: I have just seen Tom.I haven’t heard of it before. 我以前从来没有听说过这件事.They have planted 2000 trees so far.The child has learned 100 English words by now.5. 当与一段时间连用时, 经常用for 加一段时间, 这时候谓语动词一定要用延续性的.非延续性动词----延续性动词改错:They have got married for ten years. I have borrowed this book for a week.get married--- be married borrow --- keepcome ---- be here go --- be away / off buy --- havestart / begin --- be on leave --- be away die --- be deadarrive---be in/at join---be in /be a member of stop---be overreturn----be back open/close---be closed/openeg: He came here three days ago. 他三天前来的这. (一般过去时)He has been here for three days. 他来这已经三天了.(现在完成时与一段时间连用, 非延续性动词变延续性动词. )He went to Dalian last week. 他上周去的大连. ( 一般过去时)He has been away for a week. 他已经离开有一周了. ( 现在完成时)I bought the book last month. 我去年买的这本书. ( 一般过去时)I have had the book for a month. 我保管这本书有一周了. ( 现在完成时)The football match started an hour ago.The football match has been on for an hour.7. 现在完成时与一般过去时的区别:1)、侧重点不用,现在完成时是与现在有关的时态,侧重于过去的动作对现在造成影响,而一般过去时是一种过去的时态,侧重于表示过去的动作,与现在无关。

_现在完成时态讲解

_现在完成时态讲解
现在完成时
The Present Perfect Tense
一、结构:
助动词have / has + P.P(Past Participle) have /has 可与主语缩写为: ( -- ’ve /-- ’s)
1) I have (I’ve ) studied English since I was 4 years old. 自从4岁起我就一直学英语。
答语:Yes, 主+ have/ has. No, 主+ haven’t/ hasn’t.
现在完成时
The Present Perfect Tense
一、结构:
助动词have / has + P.P(Past Participle) have /has 可与主语缩写为: ( -- ’ve /-- ’s)
8)、我看过《西游记》这本书。 I have read the book Journey to the West. 9)、那个小男孩已经用光了所有的钱。 The little boy has already run out of all his money .
四、现在完成时态常与这些词连用:
just “刚刚”,位于句中,(just now与一般 过去时连用) already "已经”,用于肯定句句中 yet 用于否定句(还)和疑问句(已经)句末 never “从不,绝不”,位于句 ever “ 曾经”,位于句中 before “以前”, 位于句末, so far / up to now “到目前为止”, recently/ lately“最近””,位于句首或句末。 in the past 5 years “在最近5年” for + 一段时间 / since + 时间点

现在完成时(16张PPT)初中英语专项复习课件

现在完成时(16张PPT)初中英语专项复习课件
考查现在完成时标志词。题1中,15 days为时间段, 选用for。题2、3中, 7 o’clock和1974为时间点,选 用since。
【典例2】My parents ________Nanjing twice.
A. have gone to B. have been to
C. have been in
易错点1 现在完成时常见标志词辨析
ever用于疑问句,意为“曾经”,位于句中 Have you ever eaten fish?
never含否定意义,意为“从不”,位于句中 I have never eaten fish.
易错点1 现在完成时常见标志词辨析
just多用于肯定句, 意为“刚刚”,位于句中 I have just had my lunch.
B. yet
C. ever
D. still
考查现在完成时标志词。句意:他曾去过上海吗? 由题目可知为现在完成时。根据句意“曾经”, 选用ever。
【典例5】Have you met Mr Li ______?
A. just
B. ago
C. before D. a moment ago
考查现在完成时标志词。句意:你以前见过李先生 吗?ago用于一般过去时,just用于句中,答案只能 选C。
before用于所有句式, 意为“……之前”,位于句末
She hasn’t seen you before.
易错点2 since/for用法辨析
since
since+时间点 He has lived in China since 1992.
since+ 时间段+ ago John has been a football player since 3 years ago.

英语现在完成时讲解

英语现在完成时讲解

英语现在完成时讲解英语中的现在完成时(present perfect tense)是用来描述过去发生的动作或情况与现在的关系的一种时态。

它通常用来强调过去发生的事情对现在产生的影响或结果。

在本文中,我们将详细讨论现在完成时的使用情况及其构成方式。

一、现在完成时的构成方式现在完成时的构成方式是由“助动词have/has + 动词的过去分词形式”组成。

具体使用有以下几种情况:1. 肯定句主语 + have/has + 过去分词 + 其他部分例如:- I have studied English for five years.(我已经学习英语五年了。

)- She has travelled to many countries.(她已经去过很多国家了。

)2. 否定句主语 + have/has + not + 过去分词 + 其他部分例如:- He hasn't finished his work yet.(他还没有完成工作。

)- We haven't seen each other for a long time.(我们已经很久没有见面了。

)3. 疑问句Have/Has + 主语 + 过去分词 + 其他部分?例如:- Have you ever visited Paris?(你曾经去过巴黎吗?)- Has she seen the latest movie?(她看过最新的电影吗?)二、现在完成时的使用情况现在完成时通常用于以下几种情况:1. 表示过去开始的动作一直延续至今或刚刚结束的情况。

例如:- I have lived in this city for ten years.(我在这个城市已经住了十年了。

)- They have worked on this project since last month.(他们从上个月开始就一直在做这个项目。

)2. 表示过去发生的动作对现在产生的影响或结果。

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现在完成时一、定义:表示一个动作在过去发生并对现在产生影响表示一个动作由过去发生持续到现在有可能停下,也有可能延续下去表示一个动作从过去开始发生到目前为止已经发生多次。

二、构成:现在完成时是由“助动词have / has + 动词的过去分词”构成的,其规则动词的过去分词构成与过去式相同,不规则动词的过去分词则需加强记忆。

如:I have just cleaned my clothes.我刚洗过衣服。

My brother has done his homework already. 我的弟弟已经做完他的作业了。

友情提示:在现在完成时的各种结构中,have, has均为助动词,无实际意义,只起构成时态的作用,不可省略。

当主语是第三人称单数时助动词用has,其余人称一律用have。

过去分词1 、规则动词:规则动词的过去分词的构成规则与规则动词的过去式的构成规则相同。

四点变化规则:(1)、一般动词,在词尾直接加“ ed ”。

work---worked---worked ,visit---visited---visited(2)、以“ e ”结尾的动词,只在词尾加“ d ”。

live---lived---lived ,(3)、以“辅音字母+ y ”结尾的动词,将"y" 变为"i" ,再加“ ed ”。

study---studied---studied ,cry---cried---cried ,play---played---played ,stay---stayed---stayed(4)、重读闭音节结尾,末尾只有一个辅音字母,先双写该辅音字母,再加“ ed ”。

stop---stopped---stopped , drop---dropped--dropped2 、不规则动词:AAA型原型过去式过去分词burst burst burst cast cast cast cost cost costcut cut cut hit hit hit hurt hurt hurtput put put set set set shut shut shutspread spread spread let let letAAB型beat beat beatenABA型become became become run ran run come came come特殊情况read read readread原形发音为/ri:d/,过去式和过去分词发音为/red/ABB型bring brought brought buy bought bought build built builtburn burnt burnt catch caught caught dig dug dugfeel felt felt fight fought foughtfind found foundlay laid laid lead led led lose lost lostmake made made meet met met sell sold soldABC型begin began begun blow blew blown break broke brokenchoose chose chosen draw drew drawn drive drove drivendrink drank drunk fly flew flown forgive forgave forgiven三、现在完成时的时间副词①用副词already和yet。

already一般用于肯定句中,yet一般用于否定句和疑问句中。

We have already finished our homework. 我们已完成作业了。

They haven't finished their homework yet. 他们还没有完成作业。

②用ever “曾经”和never“从未”。

它们多用于否定或疑问句中。

Have you ever been to the Great Wall? 你曾经去过长城吗?I have never been to the Great Wall. 我从未去过长城。

③用表示到说话为止的过去时间状语,如just, before, up to now, so far, until now, in the past few years等。

I have seen her before, but I can not remember where. 我以前见过她,但记不起在哪里见过。

He has been there three times in the last few days. 近几年他去过那里三次了。

④用for+一段时间,since+时间点。

I've lived here for 15 years. 我已经在这里住十五年了。

I've lived here since 15 years ago. 自从十五年前我就住在这里了。

Mr. Green has worked here since he came to China. 自从来到中国,格林先生一直在这里工作。

三、句型转换:1. 否定句式:现在完成时的否定句式是“haven't (hasn't)+过去分词...”。

如:I have not seen the movie yet. 我还没看这部电影。

2. 一般疑问句:Have(Has)+主语+过去分词...?如:—Have you finished the work?你已经做完这项工作了吗?—Yes, I have. 是的,我已经做完了。

(No, I haven't. 不,我还没有做完。

)—Has she arrived here?她已经到这儿了吗?—Yes, she has. 是的,她已经到了。

(No, she hasn't. 不,她还没有到这儿。

)3. 特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+have(has)+主语+过去分词...?如:How many times have you been to the Great Wall?你去过长城几次?友情提示:肯定句中有some, already时,改为否定句或疑问句时通常要分别改为any, yet。

如:I have already finished my homework. 我已经完成了我的作业。

→ I haven't finished my homework yet. (否定句)→ Have you finished your homework yet? (一般疑问句)四、现在完成时的用法:1. 现在完成时的“完成用法”:表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作或存在的状态对现在造成的影响或结果。

也就是说现在完成时虽与过去有关,但实际上看重的是对现在的影响或结果。

例:(1)He has turned off the light.他已把灯关了。

(动作结束于过去,但说明的是现在的情况——灯现在不亮了。

)(2)Who has opened the window?谁把窗子打开了?(动作发生在过去,但说明的是现在的情况——现在窗子开着呢。

)(3)I've finished my homework now.现在我已经做完作业了。

(说明可以交作业或做别的了)(4)I have lost my pen. 我把笔丢了。

(5)She has become a teacher. 她已经当了老师。

(说明她现在仍是老师)2. 现在完成时的“未完成用法”:指的是动作开始于过去某一时刻,一直延续到现在,刚刚结束,或可能还要继续下去。

此时常与“for + 一段时间”或“since + 表过去的时间点”或“since + 从句”连用。

如:(1)He has lived here since 1978.自从1978年以来,他一直住在这儿。

(动作起始于1978年,一直延续到现在,可能还要继续下去。

)(2)I have lived here for more than 30 years.我在这儿已经住了三十多年了。

(动作开始于30多年前,一直延续至今,有可能还要继续下去。

)(3)He has lived here for 30 years. 他住在这儿三十年了。

(现在还住在这儿)(4)They've known each other since childhood. 他们从小彼此相识。

(现在还继续往来)(5)How long have you studied English?你学英语多久了?(现在仍在学)友情提示:在这类句子的肯定句中谓语动词通常用延续性动词。

终止性动词由于动作不能持续,故不能与for或since引出的时间状语连用。

但终止性动词的否定式可与这类时间状语连用。

如:I haven't met him for a long time. 我好长时间没见到他了。

五、非延续性动词到延续性动词的转换,如:fall asleep (ill) →be asleep (ill)begin,(start)→ be on open →be openbuy→ have get up→ be up die→ be dead go out→ be outcome→ be in close→be closedarrive→be here join→be in, be a +名词finish( end )→be over leave, move →be away, be out ofborrow →keep catch(a cold)→ have(a cold)come back→b e back put on→wear 或be on例句:(1)He has been a soldier for three years.他参军三年了。

(2)His father has been dead for two years.他父亲去世二年了。

(3)The film has been on for ten minutes.电影已开始十分钟了。

(4)We have studied English for three years. 我们(开始)学英语已三年了。

六、have been(to)与have gone( to)的区别:have been(to)表示“去过某地(现在已经回来了)”,可用于各人称;have gone(to)表示“去某地了(说话时某人不在当地)”,常用于第三人称,I have been to Paris three times. 表明我已经去过巴黎,并且已经回来了,有过这样的经历。

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