美国校车委员会：《校车安全指南》

美国校车委员会：《校车安全指南》译者：译言文化原作者：the American School Bus Council发表时间：2011-12-16浏览量：11825评论数：10挑错数：0美国校车委员会（American School Bus Council）针对校车的安全问题，专门制定一套完善的安全政策，从校车的设计，到校车司机的培训，到如何应对紧急情况，都有详细的指导。

该指南对于国内校车管理有很好的借鉴意义。

Guidelines on Pupil Transportation美国校车委员会：《校车安全指南》I. Health and Environmental Safety in School Bus Design and Construction II. Pupil Transportation Safety: Vehicles and Procedures III. School Bus Driver Qualifications, Hiring and Training IV. School Transportation Security and Emergency Preparedness Endorsed by the American School Bus Council Download the Guidelines一、校车设计与制造方面的卫生及环境安全问题二、小学生运输安全：车辆与规程三、校车司机岗位要求，聘用与培训四、学校运输安全与应急措施（该指南由“美国校车委员会”签发）（下载英文版：/uploads/pdf/ASBC_Guidelines.pdf ）The following guidelines on pupil transportation safety are endorsed by the American School Bus Council — an organization representing public and private transportation providers, school bus manufacturers and state policy leaders for pupil transportation, all of whom have come together in this Council because of their commitment to providing safe, effective, efficient and healthy transportation for our nation’s schoolchildren. The Council’s members include NAPT (National Association for Pupil Transportation), NASDPTS (National Association of State Directors of Pupil Transportation Services), NSTA (National School Transportation Association), Blue Bird Corp., IC Corporation and Thomas Built Buses.关于小学生运输安全的如下指南，由美国校车委员会（American School Bus Council）签发，该委员会所代表的，是公有及私有运输服务供应商、校车制造商、各州学生运输政策领导人，几方力量聚集在该委员会里，只为共同确保能给我国学童提供安全、实用、高效、健康的运输服务。

该委员会成员包括：美国小学生运输协会（National Association for Pupil Transportation，简称为NAPT）、美国各州小学生运输服务中心董事协会（National Association of State Directors of Pupil Transportation Services，简称为NASDPTS）、美国学校运输协会（National School Transportation Association，简称为NSTA）、蓝鸟集团（Blue Bird Corp.）、IC集团（IC Corporation）和托马斯客车制造有限公司（Thomas Built Buses）。

These guidelines come from a number of sources, including the 14th National Congress on School Transportation’s “2005 National School TransportationSpecifications and Procedures, Revised Edition.” Established in 1939, the Congress is composed of state officials, representatives and advisers from the education, school bus, public safety and transportation industries. The Congress convenes every five years to review and adopt best practices for school bus procedures and operations.该指南参考了多项资料，其中包括第14届美国学校运输大会（National Congress on School Transportation）颁布的《2005年美国学校运输细则与流程规范（修订版）》（2005 National School Transportation Specifications and Procedures, Revised Edi tion）。

该大会始于1939年，与会者主要是来自各州教育、校车、公共安全及运输领域的官员、代表和顾问。

大会每五年举行一次，以审批校车使用流程和运营方面的相关措施。

The Guidelines on Pupil Transportation are for use by those responsible for the safe transport of more than 26 million children to and from school each day —including school districts, bus companies and pupil transportation officials. The guidelines address transportation safety; emergency preparedness; bus driver qualifications, hiring and training; and health and environmental safety. They meet, and in some cases exceed, federal and state laws, and ensure that school busesare the safest mode of transportation for our nation’s schoolchildren.《校车安全指南》的使用对象，是那些负责给每日往返于学校的260多万学童提供安全运输的人，其中包括学区、客车公司以及负责小学生运输的行政人员。

该指南涉及运输安全，应急措施，校车司机岗位要求、聘用与培训，卫生与环境安全。

这些规定达到——在某些情况下超过——联邦法律及州法律的标准，意在确保校车是我国学童最安全的交通工具。

For more information:更多详细信息：Visit the American School Bus Council online at.请访问“美国校车委员会在线” A copy of the 14th National Congress on School Transportation’s “2005 National School Transportation Specifications and Procedures, Revised Edition,”the report from the most recent Congress, can be found at .获取最新一届（即第14届）美国学校运输大会《2005年美国学校运输细则与流程规范（修订版）》，可登录Health and Environmental Safety in School Bus Design and Construction一、校车设计和制造方面的卫生与环境安全I. Air QualityI. 空气质量● All operational school buses must comply with pollution emission requirements issued by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) at thedate of manufacture. ● Federal law mandates that pollution controls be installed on all school bus diesel engines built in 2004 and later. ● Based on a new U.S. EPA requirement and related industry practice, school buses use ultra-low sulfur diesel fuel or an alternative clean fuel as approved under the Clean Air Act.● All newly constructed school buses must meet new smog restriction regulations by reducing soot and smog-causing emissions by 90 and 95 percent, respectively. ● The American School Bus Council endorses the Clean School Bus USA initiative, the goal of which is to upgrade the nation’s entire school bus fleet by 2010 to reduce emissions by retrofitting older buses with new emission control technologies, incorporating the use of cleaner fuels, and purchasing new reduced-emissions school buses where funding is available and would not result in reducing the number of students riding the school bus. ● Because newer school buses generally produce fewer emissions than older buses, school districts should use newer school buses on the most appropriate school bus routes and on school activity trips. ● School districts should ensure that school bus inspection and maintenance programs monitor school bus exhaust emissions and maximize pollution control performance. ● States and school districts should develop and implement school bus engine idling reduction policies that limit the amount of time school buses are allowed to idle, particularly in school loading zones, parking lots and elsewhere on school grounds, to reduce emissions.●所有运营的校车，自制造之日起，就必须遵守美国环境保护署（U.S. Environmental Protection Agency，即EPA）颁布的排污要求。