6各种从句的翻译
Chapter 6 从句的翻译
（一）重复先行词的中文句式, 可用非限定从进行翻译I told the story to John, who told it to his brother.他把这件事告诉了约翰，约翰又告诉了他的弟弟。
Although he lacks experience, he has enterprise and creativity, which are decisive in achieving success in the area.他虽然经验不足，但很有进取心和创造力，而这正是在这一领域获得成功的关键。
（二）省略先行词的中文句式,翻译时应补出先行词It is he who received the letter that announced the bankruptcy of your company.是他接到那封信，说你们公司破产了。
They worked out a new method by which production has now been rapidly increased.他们制定出一种新方案，采用之后生产已迅速得到提高。
（三）某些状语译成定语从句（一）译成表示“时间”的分句A driver who is driving the bus mustn’t talk with others or be absent-minded.司机在开车时，不许和人谈话，也不能走神。
（二）译成表示“原因”的分句He doesn’t want to talk with Mrs. Smith, who is very haughty and conceited now他不愿和史密斯太太讲话，因为她现在非常傲慢和自负。
（三）译成表示“条件”的分句Men become desperate for any kind of work, which will help them to keep alive their families.人们极其迫切地要求工作，不管什么工作，只要它能维持一家人的生活就行。
6各种从句的翻译汇总
17
3.When censorship laws are relaxed, dishonest people are given a chance to produce virtually anything in the name of “art”
3
II. Translation Skills
1.
先翻译从句,即从句前置 This is a universally accepted principle of international law that the territory sovereignty doesn’t admit of infringement.
状语转译技巧
时间
条件
These three colors ,red ,green ,and violet ,when combined ,produced white .
红色、绿色和紫色这三种颜色如果合在一起就变成白色。
12
地点
条件
Where there is nothing in the path of beam of light ,nothing is seen.
7
3.增加“即”（或“以为”）或用冒号、破折 号分开 But considered realistically, we had to face the fact that our prospects were less than good. 但是现实地考虑一下，我们不得不正视这样的事 实：我们的前景并不妙。
6
பைடு நூலகம்
When reports came into London zoo that a wild puma had been spotted forty-five miles south of London ,they were not taken seriously.
从句的译法
从句的译法名词从句的译法英语名词从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句等。
翻译这类从句时，大多数可按原文的句序译成对应的汉语，但也还有一些其他处理方法。
一、主语从句（一）以what、whatever、whoever 等代词引导的主语从句翻译时一般可按原文顺序翻译。
1）What he told me was only half-truth.他告诉我的只是些半真半假的东西而已。
2）Whatever he saw and heard on his trip gave a very deep impression.他此行所见所闻都给他留下了深刻的印象。
二、宾语从句（一）用that, what, how 等引起的宾语从句汉译时一般不需要改变它在原句中的顺序。
1）I also told him how appealing I found the offer.我也告诉他，这提供的机会对我有多么大的吸引力。
有时可加“说”字，再接下去译原文宾语从句的内容。
1）He would remind people again that it was decided not only by himself but by lots of others.他再三提醒大家说，决定这件事的不只是他一个人，还有其他许多人。
三、表语从句英语表语从句和宾语从句一样，一般可按原文顺序翻译。
1）What he emphasized over and over again was that no matter how difficult it might be, they should never retreat even for an inch.他所再三强调的是，不管多么困难，他们决不应该后退寸步。
2) That was how a small nation won the victory over a big power.就这样，小国战胜了大国。
英语八大从句类型例句
英语八大从句类型例句含翻译1. 名词性从句（Noun Clause）:- Example 1: What she said surprised everyone.Translation: 她说的话让每个人都感到惊讶。
- Example 2: Whether they will come is uncertain.Translation: 他们是否会来是不确定的。
2. 形容词性从句（Adjective Clause）:- Example 1: The girl who is sitting next to me is my sister.Translation: 那个坐在我旁边的女孩是我妹妹。
- Example 2: I like the book that you recommended.Translation: 我喜欢你推荐的那本书。
3. 副词性从句（Adverbial Clause）:- Example 1: I will go to the party if I finish my work.Translation: 如果我完成工作，我将去参加聚会。
- Example 2: She sings well when she is happy.Translation: 她在开心时唱得很好。
4. 定语从句（Relative Clause）:- Example 1: The person who called you is waiting outside.Translation: 给你打电话的人正在外面等着。
- Example 2: The house that we visited yesterday is beautiful.Translation: 我们昨天参观的房子很漂亮。
5. 时间状语从句（Time Adverbial Clause）:- Example 1: We will start as soon as the rain stops.Translation: 一旦雨停，我们就会开始。
从句的译法
名词从句的译法英语名词从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句等。
翻译这类从句时，大多数可按原文的句序译成对应的汉语，但也还有一些其他处理方法。
一、主语从句（一）以what、whatever、whoever 等代词引导的主语从句翻译时一般可按原文顺序翻译。
1）What he told me was only half-truth.他告诉我的只是些半真半假的东西而已。
2）Whatever he saw and heard on his trip gave a very deep impression.他此行所见所闻都给他留下了深刻的印象。
二、宾语从句（一）用that, what, how 等引起的宾语从句汉译时一般不需要改变它在原句中的顺序。
1）I also told him how appealing I found the offer.我也告诉他，这提供的机会对我有多么大的吸引力。
有时可加“说”字，再接下去译原文宾语从句的内容。
1）He would remind people again that it was decided not only by himself but by lots of others.他再三提醒大家说，决定这件事的不只是他一个人，还有其他许多人。
三、表语从句英语表语从句和宾语从句一样，一般可按原文顺序翻译。
1）What he emphasized over and over again was that no matter how difficult it might be, they should never retreat even for an inch.他所再三强调的是，不管多么困难，他们决不应该后退寸步。
2) That was how a small nation won the victory over a big power.就这样，小国战胜了大国。
英语从句的翻译
英语从句翻译英语名词性从句的翻译可采用顺译法与逆译法1、Subject Clauses1）Subject Clauses Introduced by PronounsWhatever he saw and heard on his trip gave him a very deep impression.他此行所见所闻都给他留下了深刻的印象。
2) "It“ Functions as a Formal SubjectIt doesn't make much difference whether he attends the meeting or not.他参不参加会议都没多大关系。
2、Object ClausesI take it for granted that you will come and talk the matter over with him.我理所当然地认为，你会来跟他谈这件事的。
We have no definite information yet as to which route he will take.关于他将走哪条路线，我们还没有确切的消息。
3、Predicative ClausesThis is where the shoe pinches.这就是问题的症结所在了。
Things are not always as they seem to be.事物并不总是如其表象。
4、Appositive Clauses1）Keeping the Original OrderHe expressed the hope that he would come over to visit China again.他表示希望能再来中国访问。
2) Converting into an Attributive Order or an Independent ClauseIt does not alter the fact that he is the man responsible for the delay.迟延应由他负责，这个事实是改变不了的。
名词性从句翻译
名词性从句翻译名词性从句是一种从句，用作名词的作用，可以在句子中担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语或介词宾语。
名词性从句一般由连接词引导，包括连词that, whether/if , 连接代词who, whom, what, which, whoever,whomever, whatever, whichever, 连接副词when, where, why, how等等。
名词性从句的翻译要根据具体的上下文和句子结构进行灵活变通。
下面是一些常见的名词性从句的翻译示例：1. 主语从句：That he is late again is not surprising.他又迟到了并不奇怪。
2. 宾语从句：I don't know where she went.我不知道她去哪里了。
3. 表语从句：The problem is whether we can solve it.问题是我们是否能够解决它。
4. 同位语从句：The news that he passed the exam made us happy.他通过考试的消息使我们很高兴。
5. 介词宾语从句：I am not sure about what he said.我不确定他说的是什么。
6. 间接引导名词性从句：He asked where I lived.他问我住在哪里。
7. 是否从句：I wonder whether/if she will come to the party.我想知道她是否会来参加派对。
8. 选择性从句：He asked me whether I preferred coffee or tea.他问我是喜欢咖啡还是茶。
9. 宾语从句（陈述句变为疑问句）：Do you know what time it is?你知道现在几点钟吗？10. 宾语从句（连接代词）：I wonder who is going to pick us up at the airport.我想知道谁会在机场接我们。
从句的翻译
五ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ定语从句的译法
• 英语定语从句的译法主要涉及到限制性 定语从句的译法和非限制性定语从句的 译法。此外，有些英语定语从句和主句 间还存在着状语关系，对这种定语从句 也值得探讨。
（一）限制性定语从句
• 限制性定语从句对所修饰的先行词起限 制作用，与先行词关系密切，不用逗号 分开。翻译这类句子时往往可以用：
从句的翻译
• 英语中有主语从句、宾语从句、表语从 句、定语从句（含同位语从句）、状语 从句等。
一.主语从句
• （一）以what, whatever, whoever 等代词引导 的主语从句一般按原文语序翻译。 • 1) What he told me really surprised me. • 他所告诉我的着实让我吃惊。 • 2)Whatever he saw and heard on his trip gave him a very deep impression. • 他此行所见所闻都给他留下了深刻印象。 • 3) Whoever has traveled in that region must remember the waterfalls. • 凡是到过那个地区的人是一定记得那些瀑布 的
• 3) We have to face the fact that our prospects were less than good. • 我们不得不正视这样一个事实：我们的 前景并不乐观。 • 4) There was the chance that a small electrical spark might lead to a big fire. • 有这样的可能——一 一个小小的电火花 可能引起一场大火。
（二）用it作假宾语的句子， 汉译时that 引起的宾语从句一 般按原文顺序；it不译 。
英语从句翻译方法
英语从句翻译方法-CAL-FENGHAI.-(YICAI)-Company One1英语从句翻译方法英语多从句，汉语多分句：就句子类型而言，英语句子不仅可以在简单句中使用很长的修饰语使句子变长，同时也可以用从句使句子变复杂，而这些从句往往通过从句引导词与主句或其它从句连接，整个句子尽管表面上看错综复杂却是一个整体。
汉语本来就喜欢用短句，加上表达结构相对松散，因此，英译汉时需要将各种英语从句进行处理，可以译成一个汉语单句，也可译成多个汉语分句。
并按照汉语的表达习惯对英语复合句的关联部分（从句引导词）加以逻辑梳理，既分而叙之，又上关下联，承接转换，犹如整容。
一名词性从句的译法名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
下面我们便逐一论述这些名词性从句的翻译方法。
1. 主语从句1) 由what, whatever, whoever等代词引导的主语从句汉译时一般可按原文顺序翻译。
例如：What he said is true.译文：他说的一切都是真的。
Whoever violates the disciplines should be criticized.译文：谁违犯了纪律，谁就应该受到批评。
2) 由it作形式主语引导的主语从句，翻译时视情况可以提前，也可以不提前。
例如：It doesn't make much difference whether you come yourself or send a substitute.译文：你是自己来还是派代理人来，都无关紧要。
（提前）It seemed inconceivable that the pilot could have survived the crash.译文：驾驶员在飞机坠毁之后竟然还活着，这看来是不可想象的。
（提前）It is strange that she should have failed to see her own shortcomings.译文：这奇怪，她竟然没有看出自己的缺点。
六级翻译--名词从句
复习：1) I wish _______________(我年轻的时候有你们这样的机会).2）Tom usually talks _______________(仿佛他什么都知道).3）Were I in your place, _______________(我会毫不犹豫地抓住机会).4)It’s high time that _______________(采取措施解决交通堵塞的问题).5)We are going to discuss his suggestion that _______________(取消期中考试).1) I had had your opportunities when I was young(考点：I wish后的that从句中用过去完成式表示过去没有实现或不可能实现的愿望)2）as though he knew everything(考点：as if / as though引导的从句中用过去式表示和现在事实相反或对现在情况有所怀疑)3）I would seize the opportunity without hesitation(考点：在非真实条件句中如果有were, had, should这三个词，可以省去if，采用主谓语倒装的形式来表示条件)4）measures were taken to solve the problem of traffic jams(考点：It’s (about/high) time 后的that从句中用过去式，表示“该是……的时候了”) 5）the mid-term exams (should) be canceled(考点：表示“建议、命令、要求、想法”的名词所接的同位语从句通常用“(that) sb. (should) do”的虚拟形式)名词从句：何谓名词从句本质：三种句子（陈述句、一般疑问句、特殊疑问句）充当四种句子成分（主语、宾语、表语、同位语）1）主语：The book is interesting.What I am reading is interesting.2) 宾语：No one knows exactly the life on other planets.No one knows exactly whether there is life on other planets. 3)表语：English is a useful tool.English is what I like most among all subjects.4)同位语：I love the novel, The old Man and the Sea.I love the saying that love, not time heals almost everything.一、陈述句作句子成分：that+陈述句（宾从中，不影响句意的影响下，that可省略）1)English is important.That English is important is an undoubted fact.2)Love , not time heals all wounds.I’ve learned that love, not time heals all wounds.3)The child should be sent to school.My idea is that the child should be sent to school.4)He succeeded in the experiment.The fact that he succeeded in the experiment pleased everybody.为什么用that？that 相当于“指路牌”，能帮我们指明断句的方向，不造成对句子的误解。
各种从句的翻译汇总
• 同位语从句 • 定语从句 • 状语从句 • 宾语从句 • 主语从句的译法： • 表语从句的译法： • 作业 (Assignment)
1
同位语从句的翻译
2
I. Basic concept
• I’m greatly shocked when I heard the news that his father died yesterday.
10
宾语从句的翻译
• 用 tthhata, tw,hawt,hhoawt, how 等引起的宾语从句译 成汉语时一般不需要改变它在原句中顺序； 用 it 作假宾语的句子，汉译时 that 引导 的宾语从句一般可按原文顺序； it 不译。
I told him that because of the last condition, I’d have to turn it down.
8
• I will share with President Carter my conclusion that our two countries are destined to grow together for our mutual benefit and for the benefit of all mankind.
3
II. Translation Skills
1. 先翻译从句,即从句前置 2. This is a universally accepted
principle of international law that the territory sovereignty doesn’t admit of infringement.
6
• When reports came into London zoo that a wild puma had been spotted forty-five miles south of London ,they were not taken seriously.
定语从句例句带翻译及讲解
定语从句例句带翻译及讲解定语从句例句带翻译及讲解(1) who引导的非限制性定语从句Our guide，who was a French Canadian，was an excellent cook.我们的向导，一个法裔加拿大人，擅长于烹调。
My gardener，who is very pessimistic，says that there will be no apples this year.我家的园丁非常悲观，他说今年将不结苹果。
(2) whom引导的非限制性定语从句关系代词whom用于指人，在句中作动词宾语和介词宾语，作介词宾语时，介词可位于句末。
如：Peter, whom you met in London, is now back in Paris.彼得现在回巴黎了，你在伦敦见过他。
Mr Smith，from whom I have learned a lot，is a famous scientist.史密斯先生是一位著名的科学家，我从他那儿学了许多东西。
(3) whose引导的非限制性定语从句whose是关系代词who的所有格形式，在从句中作定语。
whose通常指人，也可指动物或无生命的事物。
如：The boy, whose father is an engineer, studies very hard.那位小男孩学习很努力，他的父亲是位工程师。
Above the trees are the mountains whose magnificence the river faithfully reflects on the surface. 在树林的高处是山，其壮丽的景色完全映照在河面上。
The play，whose style is rigidly formal，is typical of the period.这剧本是那个时期的典型作品，风格拘谨刻板。
(4) which引导的非限制性定语从句关系代词which在非限制性定语从句中所指代和修饰的可以是主句中的名词、形容词、短语、其他从句或整个主句，在从句中作主语、动词宾语、介词宾语或表语。
从句和简单句翻译
从句和简单句翻译PART A1 他从不取笑那些处于困境中的人。
He never laughs at people who are in trouble.2 西班牙语是不是南美洲使用最广的语言？Is Spanish the most widely used language in South America?3 我老师比我所想的要年轻得多。
My teacher is much younger than I thought.4 不管礼仪怎样不同，全世界人民都认为好的礼仪意味着友好。
No matter how different the manners are, people all over the world agree that good manners mean kindness.5 不懂装懂的人总有一天会受到惩罚的。
Those who pretend to know what they don’t know will be punished one day.6 我永远不会忘记我进入高中的那一天。
I’ll never forget the day when I entered th e senior high school.7 这是我出生的地方。
This is the place where I was born.8 昨天使大家发笑的译员叫什么名字？What is the name of the interpreter who made everyone laugh yesterday?9 他迟到的原因尚不清楚。
The reason why he was late is not clear.10 他不知道她为什么在练习中有这么多的错误。
He wondered why she had made so many mistakes in the exercise.11 我们很早出发，以便赶上第一趟火车。
从句的翻译
桂林旅游高等专科学校教案第十六讲从句翻译Lecture 16 Clauses一、名词从句的译法(Noun Clause)（一）主语从句(Subject Clause)（引导词that, what, whether, who, when, where, why, how, which, whose, whatever…）（先译主句还是先译从句？whatever等引导的，先译从句；it作形式主语的，视情况而定）1.It is strange that we should meet here.我们能在这里见面，这真是想不到。
（逆译法：先译从句，后译主句）2. It is essential that every child should have the same opportunity to have education.每个儿童都应当有同样的受教育的机会，这一点是非常重要的。
（逆译法：先译从句，后译主句）3. It is a common misconception that English is extraordinarily difficult for foreigners to learn.英语对外国人来说特别难学，这是一种普遍的误解。
（逆译法：先译从句，后译主句）4. It is a matter of common experience that bodies are lighter in water than they are in air.物体在水中比在空气中轻，这是一种大家共有的经验。
（逆译法：先译从句，后译主句）5. It's really a mystery why all our attempts have been unsuccessful．为什么我们的一切尝试都失败了，这真是个谜。
（逆译法：先译从句，后译主句）6．It is a truth universally acknowledged that a single man in possession of a good fortune must be in want of a wife. (An abstract from Pride and Prejudice, by Jane Austen)a)凡是有钱的单身汉，总想娶位太太，这已经成了一条公认的真理。
各种从句的翻译
他看起来好像昨晚没睡好。
分析
在这个句子中，“as if he hasn't had a good night's sleep”是表语从句，对主语“He”进行描述。在翻译时 ，可以将引导词“as if”翻译为“好像”，将句子翻译为 “他看起来好像昨晚没睡好”。
04 同位语从句的翻译
CHAPTER
状语从句的翻译技巧
理解从句的语义关系
在翻译状语从句时，首先要理解从句与主句 之间的语义关系，确定从句在句子中的作用 和含义。
调整语序
由于中英文表达习惯的不同，翻译时可能需要对语 序进行调整，使译文更加符合目标语言的表达习惯 。
选用合适的引导词
在翻译过程中，需要根据从句的语义关系选 择合适的引导词，确保译文的准确性和流畅 性。
例句2
The book which you lent me was very interesting.
翻译
我们班有个女孩，她的父亲是位 著名的科学家。（融合法）
例句3
There is a girl in our class whose father is a famous
scientist.
翻译
你借给我的那本书很有趣。（后 置法）
主语从句的翻译技巧
顺译法
01
按照汉语的表达习惯，将主语从句放在句首进行翻译。
倒译法
02
为了符合汉语的表达习惯，将主语从句放在句末进行翻译，同
时用“这”、“那”等代词复指。
融合法
03
将主语从句和主句融合在一起进行翻译，使译文更加流畅自然
。
案例分析
案例一
案例二
That the earth goes round the sun is known to all. 地球绕着太阳转是众所周知 的。
英语中几种从句的汉译方法
／ 、 等的综合运用。它大体上可以分为三个阶 Ｉ ， － ｒ 头重脚轻 ， 长 不符合汉语表达习惯 ， 这时可译 成后置
段： 理解 、 表达 、 校核。 理解是表达的前提 ， 若不 能正确 的并 列 分 句 。例 如 ：
ｏ ｒ ｅ ｖｎ ｔ ｂ ｔ ｏｅ 地理解原文就谈不上确切地表达 ， 但理解与表达通常 １ Ｔｈｅ ｂ ａ ｄ ｎ ｅ ｈａ ｉｇ ａ ｈｏ ｄｅ ａｅ ｗｈ ｓ ｐ 是相互联 系 ， 互相促进 的进 程 ， 在进行汉语 表达的时 ｌ ｕ ｐｏ ｅ ｓ ｔ ｆｎｄ ｗａ ｓ ｔ ｉ ｒ ｖ ｔ ｅ ｕａｉｙ ｆ ｒ ｓ ｉ ｏ ｉ ｙ ｏ ｍｐ ｏ ｅ ｈ ｑ ｌｔ ｏ
ｌ 语从句 ， 功能上却不是定语而是做状语 ， 但 翻译 时可 根据上下文将其译 为表示 原因 、 结果 、 条件等状语 从 ｌ 句 ） 的 翻译 。例 如 ： ｌ ｔ ｔｅ ｉ ｌ ｏ ｓ ｆ ｄ ｆ ａ ｋ ｎ ｈ ｒ ： Ｔｈｅ ｉ ｌ ｇｒ ｗｈ ｗａ ａｒ ｉ ｏ ｗａ ｉ ｇ ｅ ｔｅ ａ ｄ ｑ ｉｌ ｕ ｆ ｈ ｏ ｓ．因 Ｊ ｏｈｒｗ ｌｅ ｕｅ ｙｏ ｔｏ ｔｅ ｈｕｅ 为 担 心 吵 ｍ ｋ ｔ
候 ， 可 以进 一 步 加 深 对 原 文 的理 解 。尤 其是 从 句 的 Ｉ ｒｄ ｃ． 又 ｏｕ ｔ ｐ 董事会正 在激烈讨 论 ， 目的是寻找改 善产 其 翻译 。 Ｉ 品质 量 的途 径 。
英语中句子含有从句的较多， 也较难翻译 ， 因为 Ｉ 这样 的句子里可能包含各种情况 ，结构上也 比较复 Ｉ
代词 、 名词或代词短语乃至整个句子的从句叫定语 从 ｊ 句。 定语从句很常见 ， 有的结构比较简单 ， 的结构相 ｌ ｈ ｒｅｓｔｅｓｏｓｏ ｉ ８ 任何人订购３ 码 的 有 ｏ ｏｄｒ ｈ ｈ ｅ ｆｓ ｅ ３ ． ｗ ｚ ８
6.定语从句的翻译
• 2. There was something original, independent, and heroic about the plan that pleased all of them. • 这个方案富于创造性，独出心裁，很有魄 力，所以是他们都很喜欢。
Assignment
• 1.Those who sacrifice themselves for the people’s cause are the real heroes of history. • 2. He made the sound of sympathy which comes so readily from those who have an independent income. • 3. A fuel is a material which will burn at a reasonable temperature and produce heat.
• 1.There are many people who want to see the film. • 许多人要看这部电影。 • 2.There were men in that crowd who had stood there every day for a month. • 在那群人中，有些人每天站在那里，站了 一个月之久。 • 有些可将英语的主句压缩成汉语的词组来 作主语，定语从句译成谓语，形成溶合。
• C. 汉语中从句前置，重复先行词 • 1.World War II was, however, more complex than World War I, which was a collision among the imperialist powers over the spoils of markets, resources and territories. • 第一次世界大战是帝国主义列强之间争夺 市场、资源和领土的冲突，而第二次世界 大战却比第一次复杂。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
12
地点
条件
Where there is nothing in the path of beam of light ,nothing is seen.
如果光束通道上没有东西，就什么也看不到。 如果光束通道上没有东西，就什么也看不到。
7
3.增加“即”（或“以为”）或用冒号、破折 号分开 But considered realistically, we had to face the fact that our prospects were less than good. 但是现实地考虑一下，我们不得不正视这样的事 实：我们的前景并不妙。
32
五、表示目的的状语从句
译成表“目的”的前置分句 译成表“目的”的后置分句
33
译成表“目的”的前置分句 He pushed open the door gently and stole out of the room for fear that he should awake her. 为了不惊醒她，他轻轻推开房门，悄悄地溜了 出去。
一个国家的领土不容侵犯，这是国际法中尽人皆 知的准则。
4
It does not alter the fact that he is the man responsible for the delay. But for many, the fact that poor people are able to support themselves almost as well as without government aid as they did with it is in itself a huge victory.
16
一、时间状语从句的译法
译成相应的表示时间的状语 1. While she spoke, the tears were running down. 她说话时，泪水直流。 2.Pleasae turn off the lights when you leave the room. 离屋时请关灯。
17
3.When censorship laws are relaxed, dishonest people are given a chance to produce virtually anything in the name of “art”
当审查放宽时, 招摇撞骗之徒就会有机可乘, 在“艺术”的幌子下炮制出形形色 色的东西 来。
6
When reports came into London zoo that a wild puma had been spotted forty-five miles south of London ,they were not taken seriously. He expressed the hope that he would come over to visit China again.
Hale Waihona Puke 27译成表补充说明情况的分句—后置 You can drive tonight if you are ready. 你今晚可以出车，如果你愿意的话。
28
四、表示让步的状语从句
译成表“让步”的分句 译成表“无条件”的分句
29
译成表“让步”的分句 Although he seems hearty and outgoing in public, Mr. Cooks is a withdrawn, introverted man. 虽然库克先生在公共场合中是热情而开朗的，但 他却是一个孤僻的、性格内向的人。
19
译成并列分句 1. He shouted as he ran. 2. They set him free when his ransom had not yet been paid. 他还没有交赎金，他们就把他释放了。
20
二、原因状语从句
译成表“因”的分句 译成因果偏正复句中的主句 译成不用关联词而因果关系内含的并列分句
30
While I grant his honesty, I suspect his memory. 虽然我对他的诚实没有疑义，但我对他的记忆 力却感到怀疑。
31
译成表“无条件”的分句 No matter what misfortune befell him, he always squared his shoulders and said: “Never mind, I’ll work harder.” 不管他遭受什么不幸事儿，他总是把胸一挺，说 “没关系，我再加把劲儿。”
9
有时可加“说”字 He would remind people again that it was decided not only by himself but by lots of others. 他再三提醒大家说，决定这件事的不只是他一个 人，还有其他许多人。
10
用it作假宾语的句子，it可不译。
18
译成“刚……就……”的句式 1.He had hardly rushed into the room when he shouted, “Fire! Fire！” 他刚跑进屋里就大声喊：“着火了！着火了！” 2.He had scarcely handed me the letter when he asked me to read it. 他把信一交给我，就叫我念给他听。
1.
译成因果偏正复句中的主句 Because he was convinced of the accuracy of this fact, he stuck to his opinion. 他深信这件事正确可靠，因此坚持己见。
23
译成不用关联词而因果关系内含的并列分句 1.After all, it did not matter much, because in 24 hours, they were going to be free. 反正关系不大，二十四小时以后他们就要自由了。 （语气） 2. He was not only surprised but, to start with, extremely suspicious, as he had every reason to be. 他不但惊讶而且首先是十分怀疑，他这样感觉是完全 有理由的。
13
原因
因果
Because he was convinced of the accuracy of this fact, he stuck to his opinion.
他深信这件事正确可靠，因此坚持已见。
14
状语和状语从句的翻译
概述
时间 原因 条件 让步 目的
15
一、时间状语从句的译法
译成相应的表示时间的状语 译成“刚……就……”的句式 译成并列分句
I made it clear to them that they must hand in their papers before 10 o'clock in the morning. 我向他们讲清楚了的，他们必须在上午十点以 前交卷。
11
状语从句的翻译
状语转译技巧
时间
条件
These three colors ,red ,green ,and violet ,when combined ,produced white .
36
①If the technical documents ②are found lost, damaged or mutilated ③during air transportation, ④ Party B shall supply Party A free of charge with a second set of the document, ⑤ within the shortest possible time but not later than thirty days ⑥after it has received from Party A the written notice.
各种从句的翻译
同位语从句 定语从句 状语从句 宾语从句
1
同位语从句的翻译
2
I. Basic concept
I’m greatly shocked when I heard the news that his father died yesterday. The teacher came to the conclusion that the student had been lying . I have no idea how to explain it An idea came to him that he might write to her to ask more information about the matter . I’ ve got an answer that surprised me a lot.
3
II. Translation Skills
1.
先翻译从句 即从句前置 翻译从句,即从句前置 翻译从句 This is a universally accepted principle of international law that the territory sovereignty doesn’t admit of infringement.
21
二、原因状语从句
译成表“因”的分句 1. The crops failed because the season was dry. 因为气候干旱，作物歉收。 2. We have to put the meeting off since so many people were absent.