必修四Module3 Grammar

Though/Although he was worn out, (still) he kept on working. 虽然他已经精疲力竭, 但仍然继续工 作。 Though/Although he is very old, (yet) he is quite strong. 他虽然年纪大了, 身体还很健壮。
He won’t be against us in the meeting provided that we ask for his advice in advance. 如果我们提前征求一下他的意见, 他 就不会在会上反对我们。
另外还有in case, as/so long as In case it rains, do not expect me. 如若下雨, 就不要等我了。 As long as you promise to come, I’ll wait for you until you come. 只要你答应, 我就等你来。
Module3 Body Language and Non-verbal communication Grammar 1 Adverbial clause of condition
Look at these sentences from the passage. If you say the word “communication”, most people think of words and sentences. We use “learned” body language when we are introduced to strangers. Now tick the true statements.
7. —Are you thinking about going to New York for the holiday? —No. But if I ________the time，I would definitely go. A. have B. had B C. have had D. would have 8. If you ________this experiment，you will understand the theory better. A. will be doing B. have done B C. will have done D. would do
12. —The air is full of smoke and people are coughing. — It will get worse ________the government does something about the pollution. A. but B. B unless C. except D. if 13. I wonder if I________ time. If I ________time，I’ll go with you. A. have；have B. will have；will have C. have；will have D D. will have；have
4. What ____ ___ about shall I __ do if they talk
politics? (do, talk)
5. If you raise ____ your hand, the taxi
_______. will stop (raise, stop) 6. I __________ ____ will not say anything unless he asks me. (not say, ask)
Exercises
If I see her I’ll invite her to the party. (see, invite) 1. If you ____ will be take a cake, your host ______ very pleased. (take, be) 2. Unless the weather gets ___ better, I _______ will stay at home. (get, stay) 3. He _______ will go home early if he __________ doesn’t feel well. (go, not feel)
1. Which sentences refers to a normal everyday situation? 2. Which sentences refers to a possibility in the future? 3. Which word in the third sentence mean if …not? The key: 1.a 2. b 3. unless
其他的连词:
1. unless conj. 除非, 若不, 除非在……的时候 You will fail to arrive there in time unless you start earlier. 如果你不早点动身, 你就不能及时赶到那儿。 Unless it rains, the game will be played. 除 非下雨, 比赛将照常进行。
4. provided conj.假如, 除非, 以……为条 件 provided (that) +从句表示一种假设条 件。 He will sign the contract provided we offer more favorable terms. 如果我们提出更优惠的条件, 他就会在 合同上签字。
The sentences from the passage… 1. describe common situations. 2. describe impossible situations. 3. use if or when to introduce the situation. 4. explain the result of the situation in the other part of the sentence. 5. use the present simple tense in both parts of the sentence.
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Find more examples of sentences with if or when in the passage.
The keys: 1) If our right hand is busy greeting someone, it cannot be holding a weapon. 2) If you shake hands with someone, you show you trust them.
9. The volleyball match will be put off if it ________. B rains A. will rain B. C. rained D. is raining
10. — Shall Brown come and play computer games? — No，________ he has finished his homework. A. when B. if C. C unless D. once 11. ________ you try, you will never succeed. A. If B. Until C. Since D. D Unless
Supposing it rains, shall we continue the sports meeting? 倘若下雨, 我们的运动会还要继续举行 吗? Supposing something should go wrong, what would you do then? 假如出了什么问题, 你准备怎么对付?
but for若非, 要不是 But for the rain, we should have a pleasant journey. 要不是下雨, 我们的旅行肯定会很愉快。 But for your help, we should not have finished in time. 要不是你帮忙, 我们肯定不能及时完成任 务。
If I were you, I would invite him to the party. 如果我是你, 我会邀请他参加聚会。 I would have arrived much earlier if I had not been caught in the traffic. 如果没有堵车, 我会到的早一点儿。
Grammar 2 Adverbial clause of concession
(1) though, although表示“虽然, 纵然” 之意。 这两个连词意思大致相同，在一般情 况下可以互换使用。在口语中, though 较常使用, although比though 正式，二者都可与yet, still或 nevertheless连用, 但不能与but连用。
从上述例句可以看出if, unless, on condition (that), supposing, provided等 词引导的条件状语从句, 主从句条件关 系分明, 结构清晰。 在条件状语从句中, 用一般现在时代替 一般将来时, 一般过去时代替过去将来 时。
但有些句子, 虽没有含条件关系的连词, 却也隐含着条件关系, 这些句子常用一 些词, 如but for, without等引出一个介 词结构来表示条件, 条件常常是虚拟的, 或与事实相反的假设。如:
我们知道, 引导条件状语从句最常用的 连词是if, 由if引导的条件状语从句表示 在某种条件下某事很可能发生。如: 如果你请他帮忙, 他会帮你的。 If you ask him, he will help you.
If you fail in the exam, you will let him down. 如果你考试不及格, 你会让他失望的。 另外, if从句还表示不可实现的条件或 根本不可能存在的条件, 也就是一种虚 拟的条件或假设, 从句多用一般过去时 或过去完成时。如: