AUTOCHIEF-4精简(讲义3)要点

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奥威国四重型发动机驾驶员操作规范

奥威国四重型发动机驾驶员操作规范一、“以养代修”目的提高发动机使用可靠性，降低维修成本费用，延长发动机使用寿命，将用户利益最大化。

二、“以养代修”定义按照电控发动机的操作规范和保养要求，通过日常的合理使用和有效维护，使发动机始终处于最佳工作状态，提高发动机的可靠性，降低不必要的维修成本，为用户创造带来更多效益。

三、“以养代修”细则常规保养项目：1.进排气系统检查a.清理空气滤清器，必要时，更换空气滤芯；b.检查进气管路与中冷器的密封情况，有无破裂、堵头有无松脱、漏气等；c.检查排气管路、消声器有无堵塞；d.检查呼吸器有无窜油或废气大。

2.冷却系统检查a.检查水箱是否堵塞；b.检查水泵有无漏水；c.检查进出水管有无脱落或破损；3. 润滑系统检查a.更换机油滤清器的滤芯；b.更换机油，并检查机油内是否有金属杂质，如有则找出原因并给予排除；c.检查发动机外围部件是否漏油，并排除；4. 电控系统检查a.用诊断仪对整车发动机主要参数及故障进行检查；b.检查整车线束接触是否良好并处理；c.检查传感器的情况、间隙控制；5.其它部件检查a．检查与调整皮带张紧程度；b.检查离合器踏板的自由行程、有效行程；c.检查紧固发动机外围件各连接部位的连接情况；四．司机操作注意事项1.国IV发动机启动前检查要点：a)检查发动机冷却液、润滑油及尿素液。

b)检查各电器接插件有无松动脱落c)打开电源开关，打开钥匙电源，故障灯和后处理MIL灯亮，发动机自检，自检完毕后故障灯熄灭，然后可以启动发动机。

d)当电喷系统出现故障后故障指示灯点亮，如后处理系统硬件部分出现故障MIL灯点亮，说明某个传感器或线路有问题；e)当发生故障时，及时通知相关的维修人员进行维修f)启动时不能踩油门，启动过程控制其根据水温自动修正供油量，踩油门不会加快启动过程，只会造成启动后因为油门过大而使发动机转速立刻升高。

造车燃油浪费，发动机运动件加快磨损。

2.车辆启动和行车操作要求：2.1车辆发动启动要点：a)使柴油机与传动装置脱离或者将变速箱置于空挡位置，转动起动按钮起动柴油机；b)为防止起动电机损坏并保护蓄电池，起动电机的啮合时间每次不得超过30秒，连续两次起动时间间隔至少2分钟；（详情登录：/）c)油压表必须在起动后15秒内显示读数；d)在车辆每次运行前检查仪表尿素液位表指示灯和尿素箱实际液位；e)柴油机冷起动后应缓慢增加转速，以确保轴承获得足够的润滑并使油压稳定，在空载状态下，怠速（或1000r/min）运转3～5分钟后方可逐步增加载荷运转，不允许长时间(超过1分钟)全油门操作；严禁发动机起动后立即加速（一起动就大油门）、加载运转；f)不能在冷却液温度较低（低于60℃）或过高（高于100℃）的环境下连续运转，否则将会损坏发动机；如果出现冷却液温度过高的情况，应放缓油门以降低发动机功率输出，直到冷却液温度降到正常范围，如不起作用应关闭发动机，检查是否缺冷却液或及时进行修理。

奥迪1.4L TFSI发动机——一汽大众内部培训资料

售后服务培训奥迪1.4l TFSI发动机自学手册432432_072借用1.4l TFSI发动机，奥迪引入了一个全新的用于入门级别的先进的动力系统平台。

这个全新发动机是在“Downsizing”*理论的指导下，系统开发得到的。

主要表现在燃油经济性和排放都有显著的进步。

不久的将来，或许非涡轮增压的发动机都会被更轻巧的涡轮增压发动机所替代。

由此可见，“Downsizing”的目的就是减少一切不必要的重量，将摩擦降至最低，充分提高燃油利用率，达到更高的排放要求，当然还包括更紧凑的结构占用更小的空间。

这在强调车辆空间利用率的车上更有优势。

1.4l TFSI发动机是大众品牌和奥迪品牌联合开发的，将在整个集团共同使用。

这个项目的合作开发基础是大众品牌研发的1.4L TSI双涡轮增压发动机。

这个发动机将在奥迪A3和A3运动版上使用。

它的定位是介于1.6l MPI(75 kW)发动机和1.8l TFSI (118 kW)发动机之间。

对于这个尺寸的发动机拥有最大 92 kW (125 bhp)的输出功率，最大200 Nm的输出扭矩和异常优异的燃油经济性，用户完全可以期待这个动力平台的动力性和经济性。

这款发动机可以搭配6速手动变速箱或者7速双离合器变速箱，创造了一个绝伦的动力理念，将为用户提供前所未有的驾乘感觉。

432_071自学手册的目标在这本自学手册中，你将了解到关于这款发动机设计和操作方面的知识。

只要你认真学习了这本自学手册，你将能轻松回答下面几个问题：––––––––机械部分的设计特点供油系统如何工作进气系统的特点冷却系统如何工作以及维修保养时的注意事项改进后的供油系统的特点废气涡轮增压的设计特点发动机管理系统的特点维修保养时必须要注意的事项目录简介. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6机械部分缸体 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8曲柄连杆机构 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . 9曲轴箱通气管. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . 11曲轴箱强制通风系统 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . 14活性碳罐系统 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15缸盖. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 16多楔带传动. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . 18正时链条传动 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . 19润滑系统油道 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 20供油 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . 22可更换的机油滤清器 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . 23可自调整的双中心机油泵（Duocentric oil pump）* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . .24冷却系统双循环的冷却系统 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . 26温度控制 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . 28节温器 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . 30供油系统供油系统概览 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . 32系统组成 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . 38混合气形成的控制 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 39进排气系统废气涡轮增压. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. .40进气系统 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .42涡轮增压器的控制 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .43增压气体的冷却 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 45发动机管理系统1.4l TFSI发动机管理系统概览. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .48发动机控制单元 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .50维修保养维修 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51专用工具 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52其他术语表 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53自我测试 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54相关自学手册. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55自学手册主要是介绍新车型、新系统或者新技术的设计和功能。

船员考试题库-船舶动力装置(3000kW及以上船舶轮机长)

船员考试题库中华人民共和国海事局适任培训大纲熟悉训练12科目：船舶动力装置（750kW及以上船舶轮机长）适用对象：3000kW及以上船舶轮机长1.为了保证船用四冲程柴油机曲轴停在任何位置均能可靠地用压缩空气起动，则最少气缸数应不少于______。

A. 四个B. 五个C. 六个D. 九个C解析：对于船舶主机而言，必须保证曲轴在任何位置时都能起动，即柴油机的曲轴在任何位置时至少有一个气缸处于起动位置。

二冲程柴油机的气缸数不应少于4个，四冲程柴油机的气缸数不应少于6个，因为二冲程柴油机起动阀的延续开启角度不超过120°，故只有当曲柄夹角小于120°时，才能保证各气缸必有一个处于起动位置。

显然，相邻曲柄夹角小于120°的气缸数至少为4个，同理，四冲程柴油机应为6个。

若气缸数少于上述数值，则起动前必须盘车，使某缸正好处于膨胀行程开始后的某一时刻。

2.对船舶倒车工况特性曲线理解错误的是______。

A. 船速越低，特性曲线越靠近坐标原点B. 系泊工况时，特性曲线通过坐标原点C. n正=n倒，特性曲线通过并对称于坐标原点D. 系泊工况时，特性曲线不对称于坐标原点C船舶倒车工况特性曲线不对称于坐标原点。

3.DCC20或K-CHIEF500的延伸报警装置WCU的故障诊断可通过______来观察。

A. DPUB. ROSC. 运行指示灯D. LOSB4.通常轮机人员防止大型低速柴油机燃烧室零件产生高温腐蚀的措施是______。

A. 燃用轻柴油B. 选用含钒（V）、钠（Na）少的燃油C. 选用耐蚀材料D. 加强润滑B5.当船舶装载量减少时，主机按全负荷工作特性工作时，以下有关船、机、桨变化关系的说法正确的是______。

①船舶进程比λp减小①螺旋桨特性曲线变得平坦①主机气缸的热负荷没有超过额定值A. ①①B. ①①C. ①①D. ①①①C6.在船舶主机自动控制装置中，如出现三次重复起动仍起动失败，遥控系统应能______。

轮机自动化课件

三、调速器运行状态指示灯四、调速器的三种特别控制模式
1 、恒定供油量控制模式 2 、恶劣海况控制模式 3 、燃油设定值直接控制模式
五、调速器参数查询与修改六、调速器模拟试验功能七、执行机构的试验功能
《轮机自动化》
AUTOCHIEF-IV主机遥控系统
AUTOCHIEF-IV主机遥控系统
第四节
SSU8810安全保护系统
《轮机自动化》
AUTOCHIEF-IV主机遥控系统
第四节 SSU8810安全保护系统
《轮机自动化》
AUTOCHIEF-IV主机遥控系统
AUTOCHIEF-IV主机遥控系统
第三节
DGS8800e数字调速系统
《轮机自动化》
AUTOCHIEF-IV主机遥控系统
第三节 DGS8800E数字调速系统
一、数字调速系统的组成
《轮机自动化》
AUTOCHIEF-IV主机遥控系统
第三节 DGS8800E数字调速系统
一、数字调速系统的工作原理
《轮机自动化》
AUTOCHIEF-IV主机遥控系统
第三节 DGS8800E数字调速系统
二-IV主机遥控系统
第三节 DGS8800E数字调速系统
二、数字调速系统的运行模式：
《轮机自动化》
AUTOCHIEF-IV主机遥控系统
第三节 DGS8800E数字调速系统

AUTOCHIEF-Ⅳ型主机遥控系统

2. 在AUTOCHIEF－Ⅳ型主机遥控系统中，主机在运行时当驾驶室车钟从正车推到倒车位置，则遥控系统进行的逻辑控制程序为（）。

DA．换向→停油→强制制动→倒车起动 B．强制制动→停油→换向→倒车起动 C．换向→能耗制动→强制制动→倒车起动 D．停油→换向→强制制动→倒车起动 3. 在AUTOCHIEF －Ⅳ型主机遥控系统中，驾驶室AC-4控制单元操作面板的组成包括（）。

DA．备车指示灯 B．完车指示灯C．应急停车按钮 D．主机给定转速和实际转速显示器 4. 在AUTOCHIEF－Ⅳ型主机遥控系统中，在主机停车时进行模拟试验的条件是（）。

B A．关闭主起动阀，用集控室车钟发送车令 B．关闭主起动阀，用驾驶室车钟发送车令 C．开启主起动阀，用集控室车钟发送车令D．开启主起动阀，用驾驶室车钟发送车令 5. 在AUTOCHIEF－Ⅳ型主机遥控系统中，主机在运行时把车钟从正车拉到倒车位置，主机仍在原转向运转，故障部位可能是（）。

D A．正车电磁阀线圈烧断 B．倒车电磁阀线圈烧断 C．起动电磁阀线圈烧断 D．停车电磁阀线圈烧断6. DGS8800e数字调速系统可接受的转速设定输入信号包括（）。

B A．4～20mV电压 B．4～20mA电流 C．0～10mA电流 D．4～10mV电压7. 在AUTOCHIEF-Ⅳ型主机遥控系统中，控制停车电磁阀、正车电磁阀、倒车电磁阀和起动电磁阀的输出接口采用（）。

BA．串行输出接口8251 B．并行输出接口8255 C．A/D接口 D．D/A接口8. 在AUTOCHIEF-Ⅳ型主机遥控系统中，遥控系统的参数设定只能在（）。

进行。

C A．驾驶台AC-4单元操作面板上 B．驾驶台车钟单元操作面板上 C．集控室AC-4单元操作面板上 D．集控室车钟单元操作面板上9. 在AUTOCHIEF-IV型主机遥控系统中，模拟试验面板的作用不是（）。

D A. 显示系统工况 B. 检查系统功能及判断故障 C. 检查并调整系统参数 D. 整定调速器参数10. 在AUTOCHIEF-Ⅳ型主机遥控系统中，故障判断流程图的作用是（）。

第13章 AUTOCHIEF-Ⅳ主机遥控系统

操作指示面板内部主要包括一台微处理器主板、多个I/O接口板和电源板等。它是轮机员与遥控系统之间进行人机交互的部件，可以实现系统状态监视、操作及参数修改等； Fig.13-2-2
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§ 13-2
AC-4主机遥控系统
二、 AC-4主机遥控系统的主要控制功能 1. 起动阻塞（START BLOCK）； 2. 慢转起动（SLOW TURNING）； 3. 正常起动（NORMAL STARTING）； 4. 重复起动（RESTARTING）； 5. 转速设定； 6. 负荷程序（LOAD PROGRAM）； 7. 轮机长最大转速限制；
2. 系统运行状态与硬件故障指示 3. SSU面板功能按钮转速检测系统RPM DETECTOR SYSTEM；复位按钮 RESET。三、参数查询与修改 SSU控制面板上的密码锁和LCD显示器的使用和操作请参见RCS AC-4控制面板，有关参数代码编号请查阅AC-4主机遥控系统之SSU8810安全保护系统使用说明书，这里不在赘述。
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§ 13-3
DGS8800e数字调速系统
四、调速器（REGULATOR）的三种特别控制模式 3. 燃油设定值（FUEL SETPOINT）直接控制模式调速器的基本功能和转速反馈信号都将被切除，进入直接通过授权的车钟手柄给出的车令信号控制电动执行机构及燃油齿条位置调油调速。
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通讯口集控室 DGU8800e调速系统 Intel 8088 CPU 主板扩展I/O接口板 Regurator & Actuator 控制面板 I/O适配器板
RS422 / 20mA 110～9600band 3000M～150M
通讯口集控室 SSU8810安保系统 Intel 8088 CPU 主板 I/O适配器板

电子电气船舶机舱自动化(三份)有答案

D【1】当模拟信号需要传输较远距离时，一般采用______做标准信号。

A.交流电压信号B.交流电流信号C.直流电压信号D.直流电流信号B【2】大型船舶中央空调取暖工况需要进行加湿，其最常用的方式是__考____。

A.喷水加湿B.喷蒸汽加湿C.电热加湿D.超声波加湿D【3】某压力测量装置的量程为0~2MPa，它的最大绝对误差是0.04MPa,则该测量装置的精度为______。

A.0.2级B.0.5级C.1.0级D.2.0级D【4】K-CHIEF 500对模拟信号报警检测，不包括______。

A.仪器故障检测B.报警延时C.死区返回D.仪器故障自动修复C【5】对于主机遥控系统的增压空气限制环节，正确的认识是______。

A.随着转速的增加，增压空气限制环节的限制值也增加B.随着增压空气压力的增加，主机的供油量增加C.随着增压空气压力的增加，允许的供油量限制值增加D.随着增压空气压力的增加，允许的供油量限制值减小C【6】在Auto Chief C20型主机遥控系统中，系统参数设定功能应在__考___考_上进行。

A.指示面板单元B.电子调速器单元C.AutoChief控制面板ACPD.分布式处理单元DPUA【7】在Auto Chief C20主机遥控系统中，若诊断结果显示只是DPU模块中个别通道出现故障，应首先考虑的处理方法是______。

A.启用同一模块的空闲通道 B.更换DPU模块 C.检修损坏的通道 D.更换损坏的通道A【8】在主机遥控的安全保护系统中，不可能取消的故障自动停车保护项目是______。

A.主机滑油低压B.气缸冷却水压力低C.曲柄箱油雾浓度高D.锅炉蒸汽压力高C【9】 AUTOCHIEF－Ⅳ型主机遥控系统的硬件结构包括_____。

①车钟；②驾驶室和集控室控制单元；③数字式电子调速器；④安全保护装置；⑤主机工况监视装置；⑥曲轴箱油雾浓度监视装置 A.①②③⑤ B.②③④⑤ C.①②③④D.②③④⑥D【10】 S型分油机分离筒的排渣，是靠活动排渣底盘下部的工作水形成的压力使活动排渣底盘______来控制排渣。

汽车专业英语Unit 4

标致标致汽车公司是世界十大汽车公司之一，法国最大的汽车集团公司。创立于1890年，创始人是阿尔芒· 标致。1976年标致公司吞并了法国历史悠久的雪铁龙公司，从而成为世界上一家以生产汽车为主，兼营机械加工、运输、金融和服务业的跨国工业集团。标致汽车公司的总部在法国巴黎，汽车厂多在弗南修· 昆蒂省，雇员总数为 l l万人左右，年产汽车220万辆。主要品牌标致、雪铁龙。
electrical system
engine
power train
steering sassis body
suspension system
braking system
二、缩略语翻译
1、MT AT CVT AMT DSG 2、VTEC VVT-I CAN-BUS
福特福特汽车公司由亨利· 福特先生创立于1903年，是世界上最大的汽车企业之一。1908年，福特汽车公司生产出世界上第一辆属于普通百姓的汽车—T型车，世界汽车工业革命就此开始。福特先生为此被尊为“为世界装上轮子”的人。亨利· 福特先生成功的秘诀只有一个：尽力了解人们内心的需求，用最好的材料，由最好的员工，为大众制造人人都买得起的好车。主要品牌阿斯顿· 马丁、福特、捷豹、路虎、林肯、马自达、水星和Volvo。
turbine [‘ tə:bin ] （wheel ）涡轮
stator['steitə ]导轮，定子
行星齿轮系 planetary gear system
Automobile(view from below)
tire [‘taiə] 轮胎 vt. & vi.(使)疲劳
Blow up a tire. 给轮胎充气 Pump up a tire. 给轮胎打气

AUTOCHIEF-4精简(讲义3)详解

AUTOCHIEF-Ⅳ型主机遥控系统第一章系统组成一、系统组成框图AutoChief-Ⅳ（亦作AC-4）是微机控制的主机遥控系统，主要由驾驶台控制单元、集控室控制单元和测速装置等组成。

AutoChief-Ⅳ系统与电子调速器DGS8800e、安保装置SSU8810、车钟单元ETU、车令记录单元OPU8810等连接后组成的推进控制系统如图5-1-1所示。

图5-1-1 AutoChief-Ⅳ系统组成、图5-91-1 硬件结构及网络结构二、驾驶台控制单元驾驶台控制单元可用来进行系统的遥控操作、状态显示和参数调试。

驾驶台控制单元采用微机控制，与AC-4集控室控制单元、DGS8800e、SSU8810、OPU8810等通过20mA电流回路进行串行通讯。

驾驶台控制面板如图5-1-2所示。

（一）显示器START AIR PR 起动空气压力（单位为MPa）COMMAND RPM 驾驶台指令转速ENGING RPM 主机转速注意：显示器是多用途的。

在正常情况下，显示器显示起动空气压力、驾驶台指令转速和主机实际转速。

在系统参数整定时，显示器显示系统参数或I/O通道参数。

三个显示器下方对应的按钮（DOWN、UP、LOWER、RAISE、ENTER 等）仅在系统参数整定时使用。

（二）报警和指示LED1、ALARM（报警）分成安全系统报警和其它报警两部分。

其中，SHD NONE CANCEL 发生了不可越控的SHUT DOMN故障（如超速、滑油失压）SHD CANCELABLE 发生了可以越控的SHUT DOMN故障SHD ACTIVE SHUT DOMN正在起作用SLD CANCELABLE 发生了可以越控的SLOWDOMN 故障SLD ACTIVE SLOW DOMN正在起作用SYSTEM FAILURE 遥控系统自身故障2、INDICATION（指示）分成设定转速限制和系统状态指示两部分。

其中，ROUGH SEA LIMIT 按下恶劣海况按钮，恶劣海况方式起作用时灯亮，此时主机转速被限制。

第13章 AUTOCHIEF-Ⅳ主机遥控系统

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§ 13-2 AC-4主机遥控系统
二、 AC-4主机遥控系统的主要控制功能 1. 起动阻塞（START BLOCK）； 2. 慢转起动（SLOW TURNING）； 3. 正常起动（NORMAL STARTING）； 4. 重复起动（RESTARTING）； 5. 转速设定； 6. 负荷程序（LOAD PROGRAM）； 7. 轮机长最大转速限制；
AC-4主机遥控系统的结构组成和布局Fig.13-1-1；驾驶台单元、集控室单元、安全保护单元和数字调速单元的硬件结构及其相互连接关系Fig.13-1-2。
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一、AC-4主机遥控系统的驾驶台和集控室控制面板的组成及其功能
1. 驾驶台控制面板及其功能
“导线”、“接线端子或针孔插件”、“适配器板、扩展 I/O接口板或专用I/O接口板”等每个小环节 5）检修后要进行运行实验
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§ 13-3 DGS8800e数字调速系统
DGS8800e数字调速系统是由计算机控制的全数字式调速系统，它不仅具备全制式液压调速器的所有功能，且能满足低速长冲程柴油机的所有调速任务，并可接受4～20mA电流信号、0～10DVC电压信号、5KΩ电位器信号三种转速设定输入信号。DGS8800e既适于定螺距系统（FPP fixed pitch propeller）又适于可变螺距系统（CPP control pitch propeller）。CPP系统螺距反馈信号可以是5KΩ电位器信号或—10V～10V电压信号。
通过显示器和操作按钮进行显示或设置的参数类型有两种，即系统参数和I/O通道参数，可通过“COMMIS LOCK” 按钮进行切换；
显示器的左边两位用于显示系统参数编码（OP．Codes）或者I/O通道号编码（I/O Channel），并可通过其下方的 DOWN或UP按钮进行编码选择。中间两位用于显示当前编码下的参数（Parameter）名称或参数性质，同样可以通过其下方的DOWN或UP按钮进行选择。右边的四位用于显示具体的参数值（VALUE），必要的情况下可通过LOWER 和RAISE按钮进行修改，修改完毕按ENTER键输入。

自动驾驶 4R220操作手册说明书

Operator’s ManualRegister your machine:/registerAuthorized Service and Distributor Locator: /locatorIM945-C | Issue D a te Oct-14© Lincoln Global, Inc. All Rights Reserved.For use with machines having Code Numbers:11455, 11882, 11956,12273Save for future referenceDate PurchasedCode: (ex: 10859)TABLE OF CONTENTSPRODUCT DESCRIPTION AutoDrive®4R220DEFINITION OF WELDING TERMSGMAW•Gas Metal Arc weldingFCAW•Flux Core Arc WeldingSTT®•Surface Tension TransferPRODUCT DESCRIPTIONGeneral Physical DescriptionThe AutoDrive®4R220 wire feeders are powerful yet compact wire drives for robotic and hard automation applications.The MAXTRAC 4 roll wire drive gives steady feeding of all wire sizes and types. The drive features split wire guides, tool-less drive roll changing, dual spring pressure arms and changeable gun bushings all mounted in a precision die cast aluminum frame.A right angle gear box efficiently transfers motor power for both high torque and high speed.The AutoDrive®4R220 features a powerful motor with an efficient two stage gearbox. This feeder is best for feeding larger diameter wires, pulling wire through long conduits, and in applications requiring extra ruggedness. A door covers the wire drive, protect-ing it from dust.General Functional DescriptionA high resolution tachometer precision for wire feeding forwards and in reverse.For more information go to the following Web site:/pdfs/products/literature/RoboticFeederSelectionChart.pdfRECOMMENDED PROCESSES•GMAW•FCAW•STT®PROCESS LIMITATIONSK2685-1 AutoDrive®4R220:• Maximum wire size = 1/16 (1.6mm)EQUIPMENT LIMITATIONSK2685-1 AutoDrive®4R220• Maximum GMAW gun length =10’ (3.1m)• Maximum FCAW gun length = 15’ (4.6m)• Maximum wire drive control cable length = 100ft. (31m) • Robot and power source software may need to be updated. • Drive rolls are not included with the feeder.• Mounts to FANUC ArcMate100iC arms.• Mounts to FANUC ArcMate100iB arms.•Maximum Conduit Length 50 Ft. (15m). RECOMMENDED POWER SOURCES• Power Wave F355i• Power Wave 455 (all models)• Power Wave 455/STT M• Power Wave 655/ R• Power Wave 400iTECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS – AutoDrive®4R220 (K2685-1)TEMPERATURE RANGEOPERATION:-40°F to 104°F (-40°C to 40°C)STORAGE:-40°F to 185°F (-40°C to 85°C)LOCATIONFirmly secure the AutoDrive ®4R220 wire feeder to a robot arm or fixture.See L15169 iB and L15169-1 iC Mechanical InstallationInstructions which are supplied with this Instruction Manual in the literature package. Mount only in a dry environment.** Tabled values are for operation at ambient temperatures of 104°F(40°C) and below. Applications above 104°F(40°C) may require cables larger than recommended, or cables rated higher than 167°F(75°C).TABLE A.1WELD CABLE SIZETable A.1 located below are copper cable sizes recommended for different currents and duty cycles. Lengths stipulated are the distance from the welder to work and back to the welder again.Cable sizes are increased for greater lengths primarily for the purpose of minimizing cable drop.** Tabled values are for operation at ambient temperatures of 104°F(40°C) and below. Applications above 104°F(40°C) may require cables larger than recommended, or cables rated higher than 167°F(75°C).WIRE DRIVE CABLE, K1785-XXWire drive cables are used to connect power sources and control boxes to remote wire drives.The cables have a 14 pin connector at each end. Both ends of the cable have a collar and the cables cannot be “daisy chained” to make a longer cable.6.Before opening the cylinder valve, turn the regulator adjusting knob counterclockwise until the adjusting spring pressure is released.7.Standing to one side, open the cylinder valve slowly a fraction ofa turn. When the cylinder pressure gage stops moving, open the valve fully.8.The flow regulator is adjustable. Adjust it to the flow rate recom-mended for the procedure and process being used before makinga weld.WARNING• Keep hands, hair, clothing and tools away fromrotating equipment.• Do not wear gloves when threading wire orchanging wire spool.• Only qualified personnel should install, use orservice this equipment.--------------------------------------------------------------------SYSTEM SET-UPNOTES•using COLD FEED feature, when feed-ing with gun trigger, the electrode and drive mechanism are always electri-cally energized and could remain energized several seconds after the welding ceases..•Do not touch electrically live part or electrode with skin or wet clothing.•Insulate yourself from work and ground.•Always wear dry insulating gloves.•Do not operate with covers, panels or guards removed or open.FUMES AND GASSES can be danger-ous.Keep your head out of fumes.Use ventilation or exhaust to remove fumes from breathing zone.------------------------------------------------------------------WELDING SPARKS can cause fire or explosion.Keep flammable material away.Wear eye, ear and body protection.SEE ADDITIONAL WARNING INFORMATION UNDER ARC WELDING SAFETY PRECAUTIONS AND IN THE FRONT OF THIS OPERATING MANUAL.------------------------------------------------------------------READ AND UNDERSTAND ENTIRE SECTION BEFORE OPERATING MACHINE.WIRE FEEDER POSITIVE OUTPUT NEGATIVE OUTPUTINPUT POWER DIRECT CURRENTOPEN CIRCUIT VOLTAGE INPUT VOLTAGEOUTPUT VOLTAGE INPUT CURRENTOUTPUT CURRENTPROTECTIVE GROUND WARNING OR CAUTIONU 0U 1U 2I 1I 2GRAPHIC SYMBOLS THAT APPEAR ON THIS MACHINE OR IN THIS MANUALOPTIONAL KITS AND ACCESSORIESDRIVE ROLL KITS 4 ROLL DRIVEgroovedrive rolls and inner wireIncludes: 4 Knurled driverolls and inner wire guide.Includes: Gun receiver bushing, set Includes: Gun receiver bushing withAutoDrive®4R220MAINTENANCE SAFETY PRECAUTIONSELECTRIC SHOCK can kill.•Turn the input power OFF at the weldingpower source before installation orchanging drive rolls and/or guides.•Do not touch electrically live parts.•When inching with the gun trigger, elec-trode and drive mechanism are "hot" towork and ground and could remainenergized several seconds after the guntrigger is released.•Do not operate with covers, panels or guards removed oropen.•Only qualified personnel should perform maintenancework.--------------------------------------------------------------------ROUTINE MAINTENANCETo Install or remove the AutoDrive®4R220 for servicing:Every 6 months or every 2.5 million arc starts (whichevercomes first), inspect the motor brushes. Replace if shorterthan 0.5” (12.7mm).See Installation Section of this Instruction Manual.NOTESThis Troubleshooting Guide is provided to help you locate and repair possible machine malfunctions. Simply follow the three-step procedure listed below.Step 1.LOCATE PROBLEM (SYMPTOM).Look under the column labeled “PROBLEM (SYMPTOMS)”. This column describes possible symptoms that the machine may exhibit. Find the listing that best describes the symptom that the machine is exhibiting.Step 2.POSSIBLE CAUSE.The second column labeled “POSSIBLE CAUSE” lists the obvious external possibilities that may contribute to the machine symp-tom. Step 3.RECOMMENDED COURSE OF ACTION This column provides a course of action for the Possible Cause, generally it states to contact your local Lincoln Authorized Field Service Facility.If you do not understand or are unable to perform the Recommended Course of Action safely, contact your local Lincoln Authorized Field Service Facility.HOW TO USE TROUBLESHOOTING GUIDEService and Repair should only be performed by Lincoln Electric Factory Trained Personnel. Unauthorized repairs per-formed on this equipment may result in danger to the technician and machine operator and will invalidate your factory warranty. For your safety and to avoid Electrical Shock, please observe all safety notes and precautions detailed through-out this manual.__________________________________________________________________________PARTS LIST FORAutoDrive®4R220 ILLUSTRATION OF SUB-ASSEMBLIES MISCELLANEOUS ITEMSBase AssemblyWire Drive AssemblyRoof & Door AssemblyILLUSTRATION OF SUB-ASSEMBLIESUse the Illustration of Sub-Assemblies page and the table below to determine which sub assembly page and column the desired part is located on for your particular code machine.Do Not use this Parts List for a machine if its code number is not listed. Contact the Service Department for any code numbers not listed.P-825-A.1P-825-A.1AutoDrive ®4R220For Codes: 12273321DESCRIPTION PART NO. QTY.123456789 Mounting Bracket (100iB)S21164-2321X Accessory Bracket (100iC, 120iC)S21164-2391X Mounting Hardware Kit, Includes:S23858-221X Thread Forming Screws S9225-916XT-Handle Hex Key (5mm)S281291X Harness (Control)M21561-11X Harness (Motor)M21561-21XNOTESBase AssemblyBase Assembly (L13855-2), Includes:NSS 1X 1Mounting Bracket Asbly, Includes:L13278-11X 2Bottom Bracket L132791X 3BaseG60211X 4A Wire Drive Mounting Bracket L132311X 4B #10-24 HN T9187-131X 4C Plain WasherS9262-271X 5Thread Forming ScrewS9225-907X 6Insulation (Base) (L16709-7) (Part of L16709)NSS 1X 7Insulation (Gearbox) (L16709-4) (Part of L16709)NSS 1X 7A Bottom Insulator (Not Shown)G7343-31X 8A Solenoid Assembly M17294-81X 8B Plain Washer S9262-1491X 8C Conduit Locknut T14370-11X 9A Insulator T11267-A 1X 9B InsulatorT11267-B 1X 10A Tach Interface PC Bd Assembly L11355-[ ]1X 10B Expansion NutS14020-43X 10C Self Tapping Screw (Not Shown)S8025-1153X 13Maxtrac DecalS263101X 14Cable Assembly (J2, P3, P4), Includes:L133381X Connector (14 Pin)S12020-391X Box Connector T9639-11X 15Bypass Assembly S22969-51X 20A 1/4-20 x 1.50 HHCS CF0001411X 20B Lock Washer E106A-21X 20C Plain Washer S9262-981X 20D Insulating Tube T147671X 22Door BumperT14882-12X 25Instruction Tag (Not Shown)S273281XUse only the parts marked “x” in the column under the heading number called for in the model index page.# Indicates a change this printing.ITEM DESCRIPTIONPART NO.QTY.123456789Note : When ordering new printed circuit boards indicate the dash number [ ] of the “Old” boardthat is to be replaced. This will aid Lincoln in supplying the correct and latest board along with any necessary jumpers or adapters. The dash number brackets [ ] have purposely been left blank as to eliminate errors, confusion and updates.Wire Drive AssemblyITEM DESCRIPTION PART NO. QTY.123456789 Wire Drive Assembly (L13230-2), Includes:NSS1X1Gearbox Mounting Panel L132291X2Feedplate Assembly, Includes:G60891X2A Tension Arm Assembly, Includes:M20593-12X2B Shaft S26360-11X2C Base S26359-11X2D Pressure Arm Decal T13086-2041X2E Spring T11862-681X2F Spring T11862-691X2G Cap S26358-11X2H#10-24 HN CF0000101X2J Connection Bar M19611-61X2K Socket Head Cap Screw T9447-1121X2L Retaining Ring S9776-691X2M Plain Washer S9262-1671X2N Spring T11862-641X2R1/4-20 x .50 HHCS CF0000124X2S Lock Washer E106A-24X2T Plain Washer S9262-234X2U Feedplate G4642-11X3Motor Gearbox Assembly, Includes:L12604-21X3A Drive Motor NSS1X3B Connector, Molex (Not Shown)S24018-81X3C Locking Post (Not Shown)S24019-81X3E Snap Ring S9776-31X3F Tachometer Sensor S20374-31X3G Ring Magnet (Not Shown)S18011-51X3H Brush (Not Shown)L12604-A1X3J Brush Cap (Not Shown)L12604-B1X3K Motor Adapter S275471X3L Lock Washer E106A-26X3M M8 x 1.00 PPHS T14731-186X4A Drive Gear M19870-11X4B Woodruff Key (Not Shown)#4041X4C Plain Washer S9262-661X4D Lock Washer E106A-11X4E#10-24 x .50 HHCS CF0004011X5A Drive Hub Bearing Assembly S254051X5B Retainer S254031X6Drive Roll Shaft Assembly, Includes:S256384X6A Twist Lock Ring S253084X6B Retainer S254034X7Wire Guide Assembly (Outer)KP2071-11X8A Cover M203991X8B1/4-20 x .50 HHCS CF0000122X8C Lock Washer E106A-22X9Set Screw S11604-211X11A Panel Insulator (G7343-1) (Part of G7343) (Front) (Not Shown)NSS1X11B Panel Insulator (G7343-2) (Part of G7343) (Rear) (Not Shown)NSS1XITEM DESCRIPTION PART NO. QTY.123456789 12A1/2-13 X 1.00 HHCS CF0000211X12B Lock Washer E106A-151X12C Plain Washer S9262-801X13Conduit Bushing S23124-81X15A Flex Tube T10642-2431X15B Hose Clamp T13777-82X18Decal (Gas) (L13295-6) (Part of L13295)NSS1X19Warning Decal S258151X20Bulkhead Connector T14557-251X25Flex Tube (Not Shown)T10642-2811X26Sems Screw T10082-271X27Thread Forming Screw S9225-902XNOTESP-825-E P-825-ERoof & Door Assembly1A Roof Assembly, Includes:G6022-11X 1C Support Bracket M252701X 1D Support Bracket M25270-11X 1E Self Tapping Screw (Not Shown)S9225-1022X 1F Insulation (Front) (L16227-1) (Part of L16227)NSS 1X 1G Insulation (Side) (L 16227-2) (Part of 16227) (Not Shown)NSS 1X 1H Wiring Diagram M215621X 6#10-24 x .50 HHCS CF00040110X 8Door G63401X 9A Latch S246941X 9B Rivet T12584-94X 10A Hinge Assembly S275072X 10B Lock Washer T9695-38X 10C Socket Head Cap Screw T9447-218X 15Logo Decal S11893-132X 16Warning Decal (Not Shown)S25536-11X 17Nameplate Decal (L16227-5) (Part of L16227)NSS 1X 18Wire Drive Decal (L16227-3) (Part of L16227)NSS 1X 19Autodrive Logo Decal S281471X 20Decal - Gas Inlet (L16227-6) (Part of L16227)NSS 1X 21A Door Insulator (Not Shown)G72631X 21B Plain Washer (Not Shown)S9262-274X 21C #10-24 HLN (Not Shown)T9187-134X 22CCC Decal T13086-1921X AutoDrive ®4R220Use only the parts marked “x” in the column under the heading number called for in the model index page.# Indicates a change this printing.P-825-E.1ITEM DESCRIPTION PART NO. QTY.123456789P-825-E.1NSS - Not Sold SeparatelyCustomer assistanCe PoliCyThe business of The Lincoln Electric Company is manufacturing and selling high quality welding equipment, consumables, and cutting equipment. Our challenge is to meet the needs of our customers and to exceed their expectations. On occasion, purchasers may ask Lincoln Electric for advice or information about their use of our products. We respond to our customers based on the best information in our possession at that time. Lincoln Electric is not in a position to warrant or guarantee such advice, and assumes no liability, with respect to such information or advice. We expressly disclaim any warranty of any kind, including any warranty of fitness for any customer’s particular purpose, with respect to such information or advice. As a matter of practical consideration, we also cannot assume any responsibility for updating or correcting any such information or advice once it has been given, nor does the provision of information or advice create, expand or alter any warranty with respect to the sale of our products.Lincoln Electric is a responsive manufacturer, but the selection and use of specific products sold by Lincoln Electric is solely within the control of, and remains the sole responsibility of the customer. Many variables beyond the control of Lincoln Electric affect the results obtained in applying these types of fabrication methods and service requirements.Subject to Change – This information is accurate to the best of our knowledge at the time of printing. Please refer to for any updated information.。

第十二章AUTOCHIEF-Ⅳ型微机控制的主机遥控系统（AC-4）

第⼗⼆章AUTOCHIEF-Ⅳ型微机控制的主机遥控系统（AC-4）1第⼗⼆章AUTOCHIEF-Ⅳ型微机控制的主机遥控系统（AC-4）2 12.1 系统的硬件结构AUTOCHIEF-Ⅳ（简称AC-4）是Norcontrol公司在上世纪末推出的第四代产品，是为在驾驶台遥控低速⼆冲程柴油机⽽专门设计的⾃动遥控系统，AC-4采⽤微机控制的遥控系统，具有功能丰富、维护⽅便和安全性强等特点。

3 12.1 系统的硬件结构系统包括四⼤部分：①主机遥控系统：实现主机起停换向等逻辑控制，包括驾驶台单元和集控室单元；②数字调速单元：实现主机转速控制的DGU8800e；③安全保护单元：实现主机安全保护功能的SSU8810；④车钟系统。

4 12.1 系统的硬件结构每⼀部分都是由：处理器主板CPU（INT8088）+⾯板+扩展I/O接⼝板+最多32块I/O适配器板5 12.1 系统的硬件结构6 12.1 系统的硬件结构微处理器主板：Intel 8088 CPU、可编程并⾏接⼝8255芯⽚3块、串⾏接⼝芯⽚（8251）、ADC和DAC等组成。

采⽤RS-422串⾏总线，进⾏信息通信。

扩展I/O接⼝板：主要是实现部分重要I/O设备的输⼊/输出控制：如继电器、电磁阀等。

7 12.1 系统的硬件结构最多32块I/O适配器板：I/O适配器板的任务是将外部I/O信号转换为计算机内部标准的电信号0-5V，再送到微处理器主板上的I/O接⼝芯⽚；或将计算机信号变为外部设备能接受的信号。

CH.1 start air transducer (AI )CH.2 rpm command control room (AI )CH.3 ahead command control room (DI )CH.4 astern command control room (DI )-------8?并⾏通信与串⾏通信9?串⾏通信的通道形式10?RS-232 全双⼯、三线、点对点通信11RS-422：全双⼯、4线、⼀点对多点TTL TxD TTL RxDAB DRR D YZA B Y Z TTLTxD TTL RxD R S-422图6-2-17 RS-422总线传输原理12?RS-485：半双⼯、2线，多点总线1312.2 AC-4主机遥控系统⼀、AC-4驾驶台控制⾯板的组成及其功能141.车钟单元⾯板包括主车钟、辅车钟、及应急停车按钮。

AutoDrive 4R220操作指南说明书

Operator’s ManualRegister your machine:/registerAuthorized Service and Distributor Locator: /locator© Lincoln Global, Inc. All Rights Reserved.For use with machines having Code Numbers:12417Save for future referenceDate PurchasedCode: (ex: 10859)Serial: (ex: U1060512345)IM10233 | Issue Date Mar-15SECTION A:WARNINGSC ALIFORNIA PROPOSITION 65 WARNINGSWARNING: This product, when used for welding or cutting, produces fumes or gases which contain chemicals known to the State of California to cause birth defects and, in some cases, cancer. (California Health & Safety Code § 25249.5 et seq.)ARC WELDING CAN BE HAZARDOUS. PROTECTYOURSELF AND OTHERS FROM POSSIBLE SERIOUS INJURY OR DEATH. KEEP CHILDREN AWAY.PACEMAKER WEARERS SHOULD CONSULT WITH THEIR DOCTOR BEFORE OPERATING.Read and understand the following safety highlights. For additional safety information, it is strongly recommended that you purchase a copy of “Safety in Welding & Cutting - ANSI Standard Z49.1” from the American Welding Society, P.O. Box 351040, Miami, Florida 33135 or CSA Standard W117.2-1974. A Free copy of “Arc Welding Safety” booklet E205 is available from the Lincoln Electric Company, 22801 St. Clair Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44117-1199.BE SURE THAT ALL INSTALLATION, OPERATION,MAINTENANCE AND REPAIR PROCEDURES ARE PERFORMED ONLY BY QUALIFIED INDIVIDUALS.FOR ENGINE POWERED EQUIPMENT.1.a.Turn the engine off before troubleshootingand maintenance work unless themaintenance work requires it to be running.1.b.Operate engines in open, well-ventilated areas or vent the engineexhaust fumes outdoors. 1.c.Do not add the fuel near an open flame weldingarc or when the engine is running. Stop the engine and allow it to cool before refueling to with hot engine parts and igniting. Do not spill fuel when filling tank. If fuel is spilled, wipe it up and do not start engine until fumes have been eliminated.1.d. Keep all equipment safety guards, coversand devices in position and in good repair.Keep hands, hair, clothing and tools away from V-belts, gears, fans and all other moving parts when starting, operating or repairing equipment.1.e.In some cases it may be necessary to remove safety guards toperform required maintenance. Remove guards only when necessary and replace them when the maintenance requiring their removal is complete. Always use the greatest care when working near moving parts. 1.f. Do not put your hands near the engine fan. Do not attempt tooverride the governor or idler by pushing on the throttle control rods while the engine is running. 1.g.To prevent accidentally starting gasoline engines while turningthe engine or welding generator during maintenance work,disconnect the spark plug wires, distributor cap or magneto wire as appropriate. 1.h.To avoid scalding, do not remove the radiatorpressure cap when the engine is hot.ELECTRIC ANDMAGNETIC FIELDS MAY BE DANGEROUS2.a.Electric current flowing through any conductorcauses localized Electric and Magnetic Fields (EMF).Welding current creates EMF fields around welding cables and welding machines 2.b.EMF fields may interfere with some pacemakers, andwelders having a pacemaker should consult their physician before welding. 2.c.Exposure to EMF fields in welding may have other health effectswhich are now not known. 2.d.All welders should use the following procedures in order tominimize exposure to EMF fields from the welding circuit:2.d.1.Route the electrode and work cables together - Securethem with tape when possible.2.d.2.Never coil the electrode lead around your body.2.d.3.Do not place your body between the electrode and workcables. If the electrode cable is on your right side, the work cable should also be on your right side.2.d.4.Connect the work cable to the workpiece as close as pos-sible to the area being welded.2.d.5.Do not work next to welding power source.SAFETYTABLE OF CONTENTSPRODUCT DESCRIPTION AutoDrive®4R220DEFINITION OF WELDING TERMSGMAW•Gas Metal Arc weldingFCAW•Flux Core Arc WeldingSTT®•Surface Tension TransferPRODUCT DESCRIPTIONGeneral Physical DescriptionThe AutoDrive®4R220 wire feeders are powerful yet compact wire drives for robotic and hard automation applications.The MAXTRAC 4 roll wire drive gives steady feeding of all wire sizes and types. The drive features split wire guides, tool-less drive roll changing, dual spring pressure arms and changeable gun bushings all mounted in a precision die cast aluminum frame.A right angle gear box efficiently transfers motor power for both high torque and high speed.The AutoDrive®4R220 features a powerful motor with an efficient two stage gearbox. This feeder is best for feeding larger diameter wires, pulling wire through long conduits, and in applications requiring extra ruggedness. A door covers the wire drive, protect-ing it from dust.General Functional DescriptionA high resolution tachometer precision for wire feeding forwards and in reverse.For more information go to the following Web site:/pdfs/products/ literature/RoboticFeederSelectionChart.pdf RECOMMENDED PROCESSES•GMAW•FCAW•STT®PROCESS LIMITATIONSK2685-3 AutoDrive®4R220:EQUIPMENT LIMITATIONSK2685-3 AutoDrive®4R220•Maximum Conduit Length 50 Ft. (15m). RECOMMENDED POWER SOURCESTECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS – AutoDrive®4R220 (K2685-3)TEMPERATURE RANGEOPERATION:-40°F to 104°F (-40°C to 40°C)STORAGE:-40°F to 185°F (-40°C to 85°C)** Tabled values are for operation at ambient temperatures of 104°F(40°C) and below. Applications above 104°F(40°C) may require cables larger than recommended, or cables rated higher than 167°F(75°C).TABLE A.1WELD CABLE SIZETable A.1 located below are copper cable sizes recommended for different currents and duty cycles. Lengths stipulated are the distance from the welder to work and back to the welder again.Cable sizes are increased for greater lengths primarily for the purpose of minimizing cable drop.** Tabled values are for operation at ambient temperatures of 104°F(40°C) and below. Applications above 104°F(40°C) may require cables larger than recommended, or cables rated higher than 167°F(75°C).WIRE DRIVE CABLE, K1785-XXWire drive cables are used to connect power sources and control boxes to remote wire drives.The cables have a 14 pin connector at each end. Both ends of the cable have a collar and the cables cannot be “daisy chained” to make a longer cable.6.Before opening the cylinder valve, turn the regulator adjusting knob counterclockwise until the adjusting spring pressure is released.7.Standing to one side, open the cylinder valve slowly a fraction ofa turn. When the cylinder pressure gage stops moving, open the valve fully.8.The flow regulator is adjustable. Adjust it to the flow rate recom-mended for the procedure and process being used before makinga weld.WARNING• Keep hands, hair, clothing and tools away fromrotating equipment.• Do not wear gloves when threading wire orchanging wire spool.• Only qualified personnel should install, use orservice this equipment.--------------------------------------------------------------------SYSTEM SET-UP•using COLD FEED feature, when feed-ing with gun trigger, the electrode and drive mechanism are always electri-cally energized and could remain energized several seconds after the welding ceases..•Do not touch electrically live part or electrode with skin or wet clothing.•Insulate yourself from work and ground.•Always wear dry insulating gloves.•Do not operate with covers, panels or guards removed or open.FUMES AND GASSES can be danger-ous.Keep your head out of fumes.Use ventilation or exhaust to remove fumes from breathing zone.------------------------------------------------------------------WELDING SPARKS can cause fire or explosion.Keep flammable material away.Wear eye, ear and body protection.SEE ADDITIONAL WARNING INFORMATION UNDER ARC WELDING SAFETY PRECAUTIONS AND IN THE FRONT OF THIS OPERATING MANUAL.------------------------------------------------------------------READ AND UNDERSTAND ENTIRE SECTION BEFORE OPERATING MACHINE.WIRE FEEDER POSITIVE OUTPUT NEGATIVE OUTPUTINPUT POWER DIRECT CURRENTOPEN CIRCUIT VOLTAGE INPUT VOLTAGEOUTPUT VOLTAGE INPUT CURRENTOUTPUT CURRENTPROTECTIVE GROUND WARNING OR CAUTIONU 0U 1U 2I 1I 2GRAPHIC SYMBOLS THAT APPEAR ON THIS MACHINE OR IN THIS MANUALOPTIONAL KITS AND ACCESSORIESDRIVE ROLL KITS 4 ROLL DRIVEgroovedrive rolls and inner wireIncludes: 4 Knurled driverolls and inner wire guide.Includes: Gun receiver bushing, set Includes: Gun receiver bushing withAutoDrive®4R220MAINTENANCE SAFETY PRECAUTIONSELECTRIC SHOCK can kill.•Turn the input power OFF at the weldingpower source before installation orchanging drive rolls and/or guides.•Do not touch electrically live parts.•When inching with the gun trigger, elec-trode and drive mechanism are "hot" towork and ground and could remainenergized several seconds after the guntrigger is released.•Do not operate with covers, panels or guards removed oropen.•Only qualified personnel should perform maintenancework.--------------------------------------------------------------------ROUTINE MAINTENANCETo Install or remove the AutoDrive®4R220 for servicing:Every 6 months or every 2.5 million arc starts (whichevercomes first), inspect the motor brushes. Replace if shorterthan 0.5” (12.7mm).See Installation Section of this Instruction Manual.This Troubleshooting Guide is provided to help you locate and repair possible machine malfunctions. Simply follow the three-step procedure listed below.Step 1.LOCATE PROBLEM (SYMPTOM).Look under the column labeled “PROBLEM (SYMPTOMS)”. This column describes possible symptoms that the machine may exhibit. Find the listing that best describes the symptom that the machine is exhibiting.Step 2.POSSIBLE CAUSE.The second column labeled “POSSIBLE CAUSE” lists the obvious external possibilities that may contribute to the machine symp-tom. Step 3.RECOMMENDED COURSE OF ACTION This column provides a course of action for the Possible Cause, generally it states to contact your local Lincoln Authorized Field Service Facility.If you do not understand or are unable to perform the Recommended Course of Action safely, contact your local Lincoln Authorized Field Service Facility.HOW TO USE TROUBLESHOOTING GUIDEService and Repair should only be performed by Lincoln Electric Factory Trained Personnel. Unauthorized repairs per-formed on this equipment may result in danger to the technician and machine operator and will invalidate your factory warranty. For your safety and to avoid Electrical Shock, please observe all safety notes and precautions detailed through-out this manual.__________________________________________________________________________JapaneseChineseKoreanArabicREAD AND UNDERSTAND THE MANUFACTURER’S INSTRUCTION FOR THIS EQUIPMENT AND THE CON-SUMABLES TO BE USED AND FOLLOW YOUR EMPLOYER’S SAFETY PRACTICES.SE RECOMIENDA LEER Y ENTENDER LAS INSTRUCCIONES DEL FABRICANTE PARA EL USO DE ESTE EQUIPO Y LOS CONSUMIBLES QUE VA A UTILIZAR, SIGA LAS MEDIDAS DE SEGURIDAD DE SU SUPER-VISOR.LISEZ ET COMPRENEZ LES INSTRUCTIONS DU FABRICANT EN CE QUI REGARDE CET EQUIPMENT ET LES PRODUITS A ETRE EMPLOYES ET SUIVEZ LES PROCEDURES DE SECURITE DE VOTRE EMPLOYEUR.LESEN SIE UND BEFOLGEN SIE DIE BETRIEBSANLEITUNG DER ANLAGE UND DEN ELEKTRODENEIN-SATZ DES HERSTELLERS. DIE UNFALLVERHÜTUNGSVORSCHRIFTEN DES ARBEITGEBERS SIND EBEN-FALLS ZU BEACHTEN.JapaneseChineseKoreanArabicLEIA E COMPREENDA AS INSTRUÇÕES DO FABRICANTE PARA ESTE EQUIPAMENTO E AS PARTES DE USO, E SIGA AS PRÁTICAS DE SEGURANÇA DO EMPREGADOR.Customer assistanCe PoliCyThe business of The Lincoln Electric Company is manufacturing and selling high quality welding equipment, consumables, and cutting equipment. Our challenge is to meet the needs of our customers and to exceed their expectations. On occasion, purchasers may ask Lincoln Electric for advice or information about their use of our products. We respond to our customers based on the best information in our possession at that time. Lincoln Electric is not in a position to warrant or guarantee such advice, and assumes no liability, with respect to such information or advice. We expressly disclaim any warranty of any kind, including any warranty of fitness for any customer’s particular purpose, with respect to such information or advice. As a matter of practical consideration, we also cannot assume any responsibility for updating or correcting any such information or advice once it has been given, nor does the provision of information or advice create, expand or alter any warranty with respect to the sale of our products.Lincoln Electric is a responsive manufacturer, but the selection and use of specific products sold by Lincoln Electric is solely within the control of, and remains the sole responsibility of the customer. Many variables beyond the control of Lincoln Electric affect the results obtained in applying these types of fabrication methods and service requirements.Subject to Change – This information is accurate to the best of our knowledge at the time of printing. Please refer to for any updated information.。

AutoChief IV 的使用和操作说明教材

远程控制系统----AUTOCHIEF4MAN B&W版本介绍前言本文是为首次使用AUTOCHIEF4的使用者提供的初级版本，同时提供了和AUTOCHIEF4远程控制系统用于B&W MC engines (AC/4B&W)一样关于NORCONTROL自动装置的一般应用信息，也提供了安装，试车，操作和维护AUTOCHIEF4系统的程序。

本文描叙AC4 远程控制系统的不同应用，它的一些基本的设计和操作。

提供所有的必要正常操作信息。

安装：提供足够的信息安装AC4系统，以及不同应用的连接线路。

试车：安装后，提供足够的资料使AC4完全运行。

维护：提供所有的必要定期检修的资料以使整体保持良好的工作条件，包括故障检测信息。

替换部件：提供一个主要的替换部分单子。

基本介绍目录1.1绪论1.2系统结构/配置1.3功能说明书1.3.1基本功能1.3.21.1绪论（AC/MAN B&W）是为控制MAN B&W低速推进装置设计的，有固定的推进器。

这个系统得到很多权威部门的认证，MAN B&W 柴油机已经把它作为标准的装置。

AC4适合最新的微处理器技术，其硬件和软件都以挪康的统一自动化概念为基础。

1.2系统结构AUTOCHIEF4远程控制系统的B&W 版本的结构如下图：start atr transducer车钟手柄连接操纵和车钟手柄，连接远程控制系统的手柄内有一个电位计和限制开关，用于正车和倒车用。

车钟系统描叙在一个单独的文档中，只有在AC4用于液压调速器中时才传递速度设置单元，当数字调速器系统DGS-800运行时，速度设置单元将被终止运行。

1.3 功能说明I/P主机螺旋桨pneumaticsolenoidvalve cabinet5/2way valveBridge/C.room1.3.1 基本功能1.3.1.1 禁止运行当呈现一个或多个下面的状态时，自动启动主机将被禁止运行1）启动空气压力低2）RPM检波器失效3）引擎关闭4）燃油没消耗完5）未连接调节器6）启动空气阀阻塞7）启动空气分配器堵塞8）旋转齿轮啮合9）辅助设备没有准备好。

AUTOCHIEF-4精简(讲义3)详解

AutoChief-Ⅳ系统与电子调速器DGS8800e、安保装置SSU8810、车钟单元ETU、车令记录单元OPU8810等连接后组成的推进控制系统如图5-1-1所示。

图5-1-1 AutoChief-Ⅳ系统组成、图5-91-1 硬件结构及网络结构二、驾驶台控制单元驾驶台控制单元可用来进行系统的遥控操作、状态显示和参数调试。

驾驶台控制单元采用微机控制，与AC-4集控室控制单元、DGS8800e、SSU8810、OPU8810等通过20mA电流回路进行串行通讯。

驾驶台控制面板如图5-1-2所示。

（一）显示器START AIR PR 起动空气压力（单位为MPa）COMMAND RPM 驾驶台指令转速ENGING RPM 主机转速注意：显示器是多用途的。

在正常情况下，显示器显示起动空气压力、驾驶台指令转速和主机实际转速。

在系统参数整定时，显示器显示系统参数或I/O通道参数。

三个显示器下方对应的按钮（DOWN、UP、LOWER、RAISE、ENTER 等）仅在系统参数整定时使用。

（二）报警和指示LED1、ALARM（报警）分成安全系统报警和其它报警两部分。

其中，ROUGH SEA LIMIT 按下恶劣海况按钮，恶劣海况方式起作用时灯亮，此时主机转速被限制。

icao4OPI各话题专业词汇讲解

Air Conditioning SystemPACK空调主件HOT BLEED AIR热引气OUTLET DUCT外流管BYPASS VALVE旁通活门RAM AIR 冲压空气INLET SCOOP 进气口TRIM AIR VALVE 调节空气EXTRACTOR FAN排气风扇GUARDED FLAP 有保护盖的导片BLOWER 鼓风机EXTRCTOR排风扇OVERBOARD 机外ONBOARD机上OPEN-CIRCUIT开路CLOSED-CIRCUIT闭路CONFIGURATION 形态PASSENGER LOAD乘客载荷DOWNSTREAM下游STANDING WATER积水ATLN（ALTERNATE）备份 C HANNEL通道PNEUMATIC气源DUAL 双的SWITCH OVER交换PRE-COOLER预冷机COOLANT冷却剂AMBER琥珀色VENTILATION通风CIRCUIT BREAKER跳开关PRESSURIZATION （增压）FLAPPER VALVES 瓣状活门PROFILE 剖面TOGGLE 扳钮开关VACUUM 真空ISAO BARIC 等压BAROMETRIC 气压PRESSURE DIFFERENTIALS 压差ANEROID SWITCH 膜盒气压STBY （STANDBY）备份DC DIRECT CURRENCY 直流电DITCH 水上迫降SUPERCHARGER 增压器INADVERTENT 偶然的LEAKAGE 漏、渗APRON 停机坪CEILING 顶板ACCESSORY 副件THROTTLE LEVER 油门杆CRUISE 巡航NEGATIVE RELIEF VALVE 负压释放活门POSITIVE PRESSURE 正压AIRPORT ELEVATION 机场标高AUTOPILOT（自动驾驶）MOMENTUM 动量MIMICKING 模仿GLARE-SHIELD 遮光板PerformanceACTUATORS 制动器SURVEILLANCE 监视QUADRANT 油门操纵杆FLEX（FLEXIBLE）灵活的MCT（MAXIMUM CONTINUE THRUST）最大连续推力ELEVATORS 升降舵AILERON 副翼NAVAID 助航SID（STANDARD INSTRUMENT DEPARTURE）标准仪表离场STAR（STANDARD TERMINAL ARRIVAL ROUTE）标准进场程序MISSED APPROACH （GO AROUND）复飞DYNAMIC 动力的AUGMENTATION 增加、增益FLIGHT ENVELOPE 飞行包线CDU（CONTOL DISPLAY UNIT）控制显示组件FMA（FLIGHT MODE ANNUNCIATOR）飞行方式显示器ADIRS（AIR DATA AND INERTIAL REFERENCE SYSTEM）大气数据及惯性基准系统MCP（MODE CONTROL PANEL）方式控制面板GPS（GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM）全球定位系统FLARE 平飘TOUCHDOWN 接地点FLY-BY-WIRE 电传操纵ACELEROMETER 加速器ALIGNMENT 对准、校准SERVOMOTOR 伺服马达GYROSCOPE 陀螺THRUST REDUCTION ALT 减推力高度REVERSE 反推ARM 预位FPA（FLIGHT PATH ANGLE）飞行航径角LOCALIZER 航向道IDLE 慢车DETENT 卡位FPV（FLIGHT PATH VECTOR）飞行航径矢量CRM（COCKPIT RESOURCE MANAGEMENT）驾驶舱资源管理PF（PILOT-FLIGHT）把杆飞行员PFD（PRIMARY FLIGHT DISPLAY）主飞行显示PULLEY 滑轮ROLL 滑跑SCROLL 翻动、卷起SLEW 上下选页VELOCITY 速度DATA BASE LOADER 数据库装载机ALPHA/NUMERIC KEY BOARD 字母/数字键盘DYNAMIC AND BACKGROUD DATA 动态和背景数据TROPOPAUSE 对流层顶ALIGNMENT 校准EFOB（ESTIMATED FUEL ON BOARD）预计机上燃油ETA（ESTIMATED TIME OF ARRIVING）预计到达时间ADC（AIR DATA COMPUTER）大气数据计算机CRT（CATHODE RAY TUBE）阴极射线管LSK（LINE SELECT KEY）行选键TERMINAL AREA 终端区域COORDINATE 经纬度RNVA AREA NAVIGATION 区域导航EN-ROUTE 在航路上CFDS（CENTRALIZED FAULT DISPLAY SYSTEM）集中显示系统VIBRATIONS 振动IMPULSES 脉冲CURVATURE 弯曲曲度TRANSCEIVER 无线电收发机INTERPHONE 内话机EVACUATION 疏散KNOB 旋钮BUZZER 蜂鸣声FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEMREJECTED T/O 中断起飞CONVENTIONAL 通用的WHEEL 驾驶盘COLUMN 驾驶杆PEDAL 脚蹬SURFACE 舵面RUDDER 方向舵SPEED-BRAKE 减速板FLAP 襟翼STAB TRIM 调整片OVERRIDE SWITCH 超控电门AW DAMPER 偏航阻尼器CENTERING MECHANISM 定中机械SWEEP BACK 后掠SPOILER 扰流板JAM 卡阻ROLL 滚转（横滚）PITCH 俯仰STABILIZER 安定面YAW 偏航YAW DAMPER RATE GYRO 偏航率陀螺仪LONGITUDINAL AXIS 纵轴VERTICAL AXIS 垂轴LATERAL AXIS 横轴ACTUATING CYLINDER 作动筒AIRFOIL 翼部面SECONDARY FLIGHT CONTROL 辅助飞行操纵HIGH LIFT DEVICE 增升装置TRAILING EDGE（TE）后缘LEADING EDGE（LE）前缘POWER TRANSFER UNIT（PTU）动力传输装置STALL 失速MANEUVER 机动飞行INBOARD 内侧OURBOARD 外侧SLOTTED 开缝的THREE SLOTTED FLAP 三开缝襟翼DRAG 阻力COMPARATOR 比较仪ROLL RATE 滚转率MIXER 混合器DEFLECTION 偏转AERODYNAMIC MEAN CHORD 平均空气动力弦TORQUE 扭力JACK 千斤顶FIRE PROTECTIONOVERHEAT 超温FIRE DETECTION 探火FIRE DETECTION LOOP 探火环FIRE ALERT 火警戒FAULT MONITORING CIRCUIT 失效监控电路WARNING BELL 火警铃GROUND PROXIMITY 近地ENGINE INDICATING AND CREW ALERTING SYSTEM （EICAS）发动机指示和机组警戒系统ENGINE NACELLE 发动机舱CARGO COMPARTMENT 货舱MALFUNCTION 失效SMOKE DETECTION 烟雾探测LOCK DOWN 下锁SHUTDOWN 关车UNLOCK 开锁TRIP 跳开关THRUST REVERSER 反推CARBON DIOXIDE（CO2）二氧化碳TOXICITY 毒性ELECTRICAL SYSTEMGENERATE 发电DISTRIBUTE 配电ESSENTIAL POWER 重要设备电源VOLTAGE 电压PHASE 相BUS 汇流条TRANSＦＯＲＭER RECTIFIER UNIT（TRU）变压整流器LIGHTING CIRCUIT 照明电路EMERGENCY POWER 应急电源STANDBY POWER 备用电源ONBOARD 机载STATIC INVERTER 静变流机BATTERY 电瓶FREQUENCY 电频RAM AIR-DRIVER GENERATOR 冲压空气驱动发电机ENGINE-DRIVEN GENERATOR 发动机驱动的发电机BATTERY CHARGER 电瓶充电器LOAD 载荷、电荷TRIP OFF 跳开CHARGE 充电SERVICE BUS 勤务汇流条SPLIT BUS 分裂汇流条BUS TIE BREAKER （BTB）汇流条连接断路器GENERATOR CONTROL UNIT（GCU）发动机控制组件MONITOR 监控DIVISION 分配FUELINNER FUEL TANK 内侧燃油箱INTEGRAL TANK 整体油箱WING/FUSELAGE STRUCTURE 机翼/机身结构WING TIP 翼尖FUEL NOZZLE 燃油喷嘴VENT SURGE TANK 通风（防震动）油箱SPILLAGE 溢出DIVERT 转向GROSS WEIGHT （GW）全重E/WD ENGINE AND WARNING DISPLAY 发动机警告指示CROSS FEED VALVE 交输供油活门CONDENSATION OF MOISTURE 水气凝结SURGE TANK 通风油箱HYDRAULIC SYSTEMRESERVOIR 液压油箱、水库FILTER 滤器、滤纸ACCUMULATOR 储压器、储蓄器EXPEL 排出、赶出PISTON 活塞CHARGE 释放、放出WHEEL BRAKE 机轮刹车装置NOSE WHEEL STEERING 前轮转向操纵PRIMARY FLIGHT CONTROL SURFACE 主飞行操纵面PRESSURE REGULATOR 调压器EMERGENCY PUMP 应急泵CHECK VALVE 单向活门SELECTOR VALVE 选择活门ACTUATING VALVE 卸荷活门PREDETERMINED VALVE 预定值BALL VALVE 球形活门RETURN LINE 回油管路SPRAY 喷、向……喷射PERFORATE 穿孔于HERMAL ANTI-ICING SYSTEM 热防冰系统WINDSHIELD 风挡ENGINE COWL 发动机整流罩STATIC PORT 静压口BIRD-STRIKE 鸟击AOA（THE ANGLE OF ATTTACK）迎角TAT（TOTAL AIR TEMPERATURE）全温SAT（STATIC AIR TEMPERATURE）静温EIS（电子仪表系统）ATTENTION GATTER 提醒灯CHRONOGRAPH 记时器ELAPSED TIME 已飞时间PARAMETER 参数CHECKLIST 检查单DISPENSE WITH 省略UN-CLUTTER 混乱SIDE SLIP 侧滑UTC（COORDINATED UNIVERSAL TIME）协调世界时SCHEMATIC 图解形式EADI 电子姿态指示器EHSI 水平状态指示器BEARING POINTER 方位指针DECISION HEIGHT 决断高度ADF（AUTOMATIC DIRECTION FINDER）自动定向机INTERFACE 界面、接口REFERENCE LINE 参考线DFDR（DIGITAL FLIGHT DATA RECORDER）数字式飞行数据记录器RAW DATA 原始数据AIDS 飞机集成数据系统ECAM（ELECTRONIC CENTRALIZED AIRCRAFT MONITOR ）电子飞机集中监控LANDING GEARGROUND LOOP 打地转NOSE OVER 拿大顶MARGIN 斜度CHOCK 轮挡BUNGEE CORD 弹簧索（减震支柱）SHOCK ABSORBER 减震器、缓冲器RUBBER BLOCK 橡皮块（减震器）OIL-AIR STRUT 油气式减震支柱TAILWHEEL GEAR 后三点式起落架TRICYCLE GEAR 前三点式起落架ANTISKID 防滑装置SHOCK STRUT 减震支柱NAVIGATIONDEW POINT 露点NOISE ABATEMENT 减噪VOR（VERY-HIGH-FREGUENCY OMINI-DIRECTIONAL RANGE）甚高频全向信标VOR ORIENTATION VOR 定向、定位THRESHOLD 跑道入AIR DATA INERTIAL REFERENCE UNITS（ADIRU）大气数据惯性基准组件DIGITAL DISTANCE AND RADIO MAGNETIC INDICATO（DDRMI数字距离无线电磁指示器GPWS（GROUND PROXIMITY WARNING SYSTEM）近地警告系统ADF（AUTOMATIC DIRECTION FINDER）自动定向仪DME（DISTANCE MEASURING EQUIPMENT）测距仪PFV（FLIGHT PATH VECTOR）飞行航经引导TCAS（TRAFFIC AND COLLISION AVOIDANCE SYSTEM）空中交通避撞系统CAGING KNOB 锁定旋钮AIR MISS 危险接近APUAUXILIARY POWER UNIT辅助动力装置）GAUGE 表INDUCTION SYSTEM 进气系统TRANSITION 过渡FACILITY 设施MSA（MINIMUM SAFE ALTITUDE）最低安全高度PLAN VIEW 平面图OUTBOUND 背台HOLDING 等待MOCA 最低超障高度MAP 复飞点LDA 可用着陆距离MLS 微波着陆系统SDF 简易定向设施PAR 初始进近雷达MSL 平均海平面TEARDROP PATTERN 修正角HAT 高出接地点的高HAA 高出机场的高MEA 最小航路高RVR 跑道视程ROTATE 抬轮STICK SHAKER 抖杆OVERSHOOT 目测过高乘务员flight/cabin attendant 驾驶舱职权梯度cockpit authority gradient机库hangar 接通/断开自驾engage/disengage AP 地形terrain 人因human factors活物牲畜livestock 绕飞detour界面交界处interface 修改modify amend试车engine runup 烂泥slush减速妨碍retard 积累accumulation湿度humidity 降雨量precipitation气喘asthma 腹泻diarrhea调度签派dispatch 信号员marshaller开往驶往Bound for 放油fuel dump jettison预期anticipate 污染contaminate外形configuration 致命的fatal分院branch flight college 炸药dynamite手榴弹grenade 恢复revertHuman error chain: people makes mistake, and accident happens. one mistake leads toanother to another to another which leads to an accidentIRS: inertial reference system 惯性基准系统干预interfere 配件附件accessory气动的pneumatic 有形的具体的concrete临界的marginal 连续touch and go起落Traffic circuit 补充replenish全停full stop 物质物品substance拉紧绷紧strain 踝关节ankle 肘部elbow对正跑道align the runway POB: people onboard改装训练transition training 劫机犯hijacker陆空对话radiotelephony communication前轮转弯机构nose wheel steering 执行execute 疏散evacuation 机长的四条杠的含义： 1 flying skill 2 knowledge 3 profession 4 responsibility提供饮食及服务cater（主要在地面装载时会用到）RNP----required navigation performance 所需导航性能RDH----threshold height 跑道入口高度。

霸道老轨船员考试题库20规则前发布的公开卷合三管轮电气与自动化750-3000KW

中华人民共和国海事局适任培训大纲熟悉训练内容：船舶电气与自动化适用对象：750~3000kW船舶二/三管轮霸道老轨船员易综合服务平台1.在喷嘴挡板机构后面串联一个气动功率放大器的主要目的是______。

A. 增大喷嘴挡板机构输出的压力范围B. 用于对仪表进行调零和调量程C. 稳定喷嘴挡板机构输出的压力D. 增大喷嘴挡板机构输出压力信号的流量D解析：由于喷嘴挡板机构中的恒节流孔的流通面积很小，工作时输出的空气量很少，很难直接动作执行机构。

甚至传送距离远一点，其压力信号也会有较大的衰减。

为此，几乎所有的气动仪表，都在喷嘴挡板机构的输出端串联一个气动功率放大器，对喷嘴挡板机构输出的压力信号进行流量放大，或流量、压力放大，即功率放大。

气动功率放大器结构型式很多，但基本上有两种：一种是对喷嘴挡板机构输出的气压信号，不放大压力，只放大流量；另一种是流量压力都放大。

2.在主机遥控系统中，用作换向和起动的高压气源（动力气源）压力一般为______。

A. 0.14MPaB. 3.0MPaC. 0.7MPaD. 1.0MPaB解析：主机遥控系统中，用3.0MPa的压缩空气作为主机换向和起动的操作气源，用0.7MPa的压缩空气作在为各种气动阀件的遥控气源。

3.电动冷却水温度控制系统中，若三通调节阀中平板阀卡死在某一位置，其故障现象是______。

A. 冷却水温度波动变小B. 冷却水温度波动加大，但是最后能稳定在给定值上C. 限位开关断开D. 热保护继电器可能动作，电机停转D解析：当负荷或环境温度变化时，冷却水温度与给定值的偏差变大，为保持冷却水温度在给定值附近，电动冷却水温度控制系统调节器就会输出一个调节信号，让伺服电机按顺时针或逆时针方向断续转动。

此时，若三通调节阀中平板阀卡死在某一位置造成电机堵转，电机堵转电流大，导致热保护继电器可能动作，电机停转，冷却水温度会偏离正常值。

电机堵转不会冲撞限位开关，使限位开关断开。

{业务管理}期海船船员考试轮机长业务

{业务管理}期海船船员考试轮机长业务A．设置双套主推进装置、双机舱B．选用Z型传动的电力推进C．选用燃气轮机喷水推进D．设置双套主舵机11．动力装置的可靠性与船舶的特殊性有密切的关系，对船舶的特殊性理解错误的是。

A．主机结构形式更新换代的速度快B．大部分的故障排除和修理要在陆地上进行C．设备使用环境比较苛刻多变D．主机制造台数少，母型机往往难以在平台进行充分试验12．当船舶在机动航行时，其故障率应按来确定。

A．工作时间B．工作次数C．累积时间D．距离13．提高动力装置的维修性所考虑的问题很多，在人机工程方面应考虑。

A．装配方式是否易于拆卸B．是否把晃眼睛的因素控制到最小C．维护、试验是否符合实际D．备件是否易于更换14．对于一些复杂、重要、技术维修工作量大的设备采用事后维护方式。

A．可以降低船员劳动强度B．会导致安全事故和经济损失C．可以降低营运期间的停泊时间D．可以降低营运成本15．如图所示，SulzerRTA柴油机布置区由R1、R2、R3、R4围成，R2是经济运转工况点，其特点是。

I、最高燃烧压力不变II、平均有效压力降低III、平均有效压力为标定IV、功率和转速降低V、转速不变A．I＋II＋VB．I十IIC．III＋IVD．I＋IV16．如15题图所示，SulzerRTA柴油机布置区由R1、R2、R3、R4围成，由经济运转工况点R2可知，降低1%，0.2～0.25%。

A．功率／燃油消耗可降低B．平均有效压力／燃油消耗可降低C．转速／功率可增加D．平均有效压力／功率可增加17．如果保持续航力不变，在动力装置燃油消耗率不变的情况下，燃油储备量与航速。

A．成正比B．成反比C．的平方成正比D．的平方成反比18．新船设计时，对不同设计方案进行比较，当动力装置确定后，是通过来确定最佳航速的。

A．载运货物贵廉B．船舶营运经济性总体论证C．运输大宗货物的类型D．是否定航线19．以下属于柴油机动力装置排气余热利用方案的是。