高考英语(牛津版)二轮复习课件 主旨大意题
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阅读04 阅读理解微技能——主旨大意题-2023年高考英语二轮复习
阅读04 阅读理解微技能—主旨大意题之真题引领
A total of 40 women met the criteria for a high fitness level with a capacity of 120 watts or higher，while 92 women were in the medium fitness category.A total of 59 were of low fitness level，with a peak workload of 80 watts or less，or having their tests stopped because of health problems.
阅读04 阅读理解微技能—主旨大意题之真题引领
30.Which of the following is the best title for the text? A.More Women Are Exercising to Prevent Dementia B.Middle-Aged Women Need to Do More Exercise
阅读04 阅读理解微技能—主旨大意题之考情分析
年份 2022 2021
2020
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体裁
应用文·夹叙夹议文 说明文·说明文 应用文·说明文
记叙文·夹叙夹议文 应用文·说明文 说明文·说明文 应用文·说明文 记叙文·说明文 说明文·说明文 记叙文·议论文 应用文·记叙文 说明文·议论文
阅读04 阅读理解微技能—主旨大意题之题型分析
思维品质体现英语学科核心素养的心智特征，而主旨大意题较 好地反映了学生的思维品质。主旨大意题旨在考查考生通过阅读文 章正确获取文章主旨，推断文章的主题、标题、段落大意、中心思 想的能力，即考查考生归纳概括以及辨别主要信息和次要信息的能 力。它既考查阅读理解能力，又考查深层次的推理、概括能力。此 类题目可分为三大类：标题归纳题、文章大意题和段落大意题。
2023高考英语二轮复习 阅读理解专题对点讲练 第4讲 主旨大意题
Psychologist Susan Levine... found children who play with puzzles between ages 2 and 4 later develop better spatial skills...
The researchers analyzed video recordings of 53 child-parent pairs during everyday activities ...
... The parents were asked to interact with their children as they normally would, and about half of the children in the study played with puzzles at one time ... and the parents of boys provided more spatial language and were more active during puzzle play than the parents of girls. ... What is the passage mainly about? A.A mathematical method. B.A scientific study C.A woman psychologist. D.A teaching program.
2. 段落大意题
2. 段落大意题
2021·新高考卷Ⅰ卷D篇 Although the continuing popular appeal of emotional intelligence is desirable, we hope that such attention will excite a greater interest in the scientific and scholarly study of emotion. It is our hope that in coming decades, advances in science will offer new perspectives from which to study how people manage their lives Emotional intelligence, with its focus on both head and heart, may serve to point us in the right direction. 34. What does the last paragraph mainly talk about concerning emotional intelligence? A. Its appeal to the public. B. Expectations for future studies. B. Its practical application. D. Scientists with new perspectives.
The researchers analyzed video recordings of 53 child-parent pairs during everyday activities ...
... The parents were asked to interact with their children as they normally would, and about half of the children in the study played with puzzles at one time ... and the parents of boys provided more spatial language and were more active during puzzle play than the parents of girls. ... What is the passage mainly about? A.A mathematical method. B.A scientific study C.A woman psychologist. D.A teaching program.
2. 段落大意题
2. 段落大意题
2021·新高考卷Ⅰ卷D篇 Although the continuing popular appeal of emotional intelligence is desirable, we hope that such attention will excite a greater interest in the scientific and scholarly study of emotion. It is our hope that in coming decades, advances in science will offer new perspectives from which to study how people manage their lives Emotional intelligence, with its focus on both head and heart, may serve to point us in the right direction. 34. What does the last paragraph mainly talk about concerning emotional intelligence? A. Its appeal to the public. B. Expectations for future studies. B. Its practical application. D. Scientists with new perspectives.
【高考】英语大二轮复习阅读理解第四节主旨大意题一标题归纳题课件牛津译林版ppt课件
性。 6、含泪播种的人一定能含笑收获。
1：9化.一学个渐与人社如失会果发不展去到最记高峰忆，他就，没有女片刻儿的安珍宁，视他也父就不会亲感到为生命她的恬在静和儿光荣时。 演奏过的那些陪她入睡的音乐，为了让
（2）针对郑和下西洋出现的评价分析培养提升学生对历史现象的认识的全面性 。 （2）通过读图学史、史料分析来认识明王朝海疆和内陆边疆的问题及其治理
After the concert ， Naomi told the family that Steve’s music was beautiful and professional.It needed to be shared in public.
The family rented a former church in downtown Portland and scheduled a concert.By the day of the show，more than 300 people had said they would attend.
66.After hearing Steve’s playing，Naomi . A.refused to make a comment on it
√B.was deeply impressed by his music
C.decided to free Steve from suffering D.regretted offering help to her friend
√C.His music deserved to be preserved in the family.
D.She wanted to make her father a professional.
解析 细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知，父亲Steve是一位钢琴爱好者，是家 里唯一一位音乐家，再根据第三段中的“Melissa，his daughter，felt it more than worthwhile to save his music，to which she fell asleep each night when she was young.”可知，父亲Steve的音乐陪伴了Melissa的成长，因此Melissa 觉得它对于这个家庭有着特别的意义，值得被保存，故本题答案为C。
1：9化.一学个渐与人社如失会果发不展去到最记高峰忆，他就，没有女片刻儿的安珍宁，视他也父就不会亲感到为生命她的恬在静和儿光荣时。 演奏过的那些陪她入睡的音乐，为了让
（2）针对郑和下西洋出现的评价分析培养提升学生对历史现象的认识的全面性 。 （2）通过读图学史、史料分析来认识明王朝海疆和内陆边疆的问题及其治理
After the concert ， Naomi told the family that Steve’s music was beautiful and professional.It needed to be shared in public.
The family rented a former church in downtown Portland and scheduled a concert.By the day of the show，more than 300 people had said they would attend.
66.After hearing Steve’s playing，Naomi . A.refused to make a comment on it
√B.was deeply impressed by his music
C.decided to free Steve from suffering D.regretted offering help to her friend
√C.His music deserved to be preserved in the family.
D.She wanted to make her father a professional.
解析 细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知，父亲Steve是一位钢琴爱好者，是家 里唯一一位音乐家，再根据第三段中的“Melissa，his daughter，felt it more than worthwhile to save his music，to which she fell asleep each night when she was young.”可知，父亲Steve的音乐陪伴了Melissa的成长，因此Melissa 觉得它对于这个家庭有着特别的意义，值得被保存，故本题答案为C。
高考英语第二轮复习阅读理解ppt课件
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这类细节性问题所涉及的面很广，有的需要经过简 单的数学运算确定时间、距离、次数、数量等；有 的涉及正误判断；有的询问事实、原因、结果、目 的等。
在做这类题时要注意太绝对的东西不要去选（如出现al everything,everybody等），但如出现不太绝对或可能 等的大多是对的（如not all,likely,possible,can等） (1)排序题 此类试题的考查形式是在选项中列举一些具体的事实 然后对上面的事实进行排序。要求考生根据动作发 生的先后顺序、时间顺序以及句子之间的逻辑关系， 找出事件发生、发展的正确顺序。考生可以先找出最 早的和最晚的时间和事件，把它作为事件发生的具体点， 然后使用排除法将范围一一缩小，从而快速地选出 正确答案。
19
解题策略
• 做这类题的一般方法是通过skimming把握文章 中心后，再通过寻读法（scanning）快速确定该 细节在文中的出处（信息源），对照选项进行 “三对一错或三错一对”的判断。若该信息句是 长句或难句，要学会找出其主干部分、分析句子 结构，正确理解信息句的意义。
• 命题者在出这类题时惯用“偷梁换柱、张冠李戴” 的手法来迷惑考生，即对原句细微处做改动，截 取原文词语或结构进行改造，因果倒置，把A的 观点说成B的观点等。所以正确理解题干和信息 句的意义是关键。
2.The text is mainly about ____. (NMET’95)
3.What’s the main point the writer is trying to make in the last paragraph?(NMET’98)
4.What would be the best title for the text? (2004全国)
这类细节性问题所涉及的面很广，有的需要经过简 单的数学运算确定时间、距离、次数、数量等；有 的涉及正误判断；有的询问事实、原因、结果、目 的等。
在做这类题时要注意太绝对的东西不要去选（如出现al everything,everybody等），但如出现不太绝对或可能 等的大多是对的（如not all,likely,possible,can等） (1)排序题 此类试题的考查形式是在选项中列举一些具体的事实 然后对上面的事实进行排序。要求考生根据动作发 生的先后顺序、时间顺序以及句子之间的逻辑关系， 找出事件发生、发展的正确顺序。考生可以先找出最 早的和最晚的时间和事件，把它作为事件发生的具体点， 然后使用排除法将范围一一缩小，从而快速地选出 正确答案。
19
解题策略
• 做这类题的一般方法是通过skimming把握文章 中心后，再通过寻读法（scanning）快速确定该 细节在文中的出处（信息源），对照选项进行 “三对一错或三错一对”的判断。若该信息句是 长句或难句，要学会找出其主干部分、分析句子 结构，正确理解信息句的意义。
• 命题者在出这类题时惯用“偷梁换柱、张冠李戴” 的手法来迷惑考生，即对原句细微处做改动，截 取原文词语或结构进行改造，因果倒置，把A的 观点说成B的观点等。所以正确理解题干和信息 句的意义是关键。
2.The text is mainly about ____. (NMET’95)
3.What’s the main point the writer is trying to make in the last paragraph?(NMET’98)
4.What would be the best title for the text? (2004全国)
阅读理解专项——主旨大意题课件-2023届高三英语二轮复习
A new report found 46 percent of meals are eaten alone in America. More than half (53 percent) have breakfast alone and nearly half (46 percent) have lunch by themselves. Only at dinnertime are we eating together anymore, 74 percent, according to statistics from the report.
plastic products. 主题句 概括了本文的主要内容
故选D. Ocean Plastics Transformed into Sculptures 海洋塑料转化为雕塑
At the beginning of the year, the artist built a piece called “Strawpocalypse,”…
3. 段落主旨类试题常见的题干形式
(1) The main idea of the second paragraph probably is that . (2) What is the last paragraph chiefly concerned with? (3) Which of the following can best summarize Paragraph one? (4) What’s the main idea discussed in the first paragraph?
可知，独自用餐正慢慢成为一种趋势。
That freedom to choose is one reason more people like to eat alone. There was a time when people may have felt awkward about asking for a table for one, but those days are over. Now, we have our smartphones to keep us company at the table. “It doesn’t feel as alone as it may have before all the advances in technology,” said Laurie Demeritt, whose company provided the statistics for the
plastic products. 主题句 概括了本文的主要内容
故选D. Ocean Plastics Transformed into Sculptures 海洋塑料转化为雕塑
At the beginning of the year, the artist built a piece called “Strawpocalypse,”…
3. 段落主旨类试题常见的题干形式
(1) The main idea of the second paragraph probably is that . (2) What is the last paragraph chiefly concerned with? (3) Which of the following can best summarize Paragraph one? (4) What’s the main idea discussed in the first paragraph?
可知，独自用餐正慢慢成为一种趋势。
That freedom to choose is one reason more people like to eat alone. There was a time when people may have felt awkward about asking for a table for one, but those days are over. Now, we have our smartphones to keep us company at the table. “It doesn’t feel as alone as it may have before all the advances in technology,” said Laurie Demeritt, whose company provided the statistics for the
高考英语阅读题之主旨大意课件
considered the seat of higher-order thinking. However, Yale researchers have found
that three distinct brain circuits from the frontal cortex connecting to different brain
Yet collectors are ruled out by government policies. The United States Supreme Court in 1988 staled that household garbage is public property once it’s on the streel.
of going to the library lives on from generation to generation. As a novelist, I've found a new relationship with libraries. I encourage readers to go to
regions are involved in making good decisions, bad ones, and determining which of
those past choices to store in memory.
35. What might be the best title for the text?
… Some governments are starting to realize that protecting the environment and humanity go hand in hand. The United Nation's 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, for example, calls for an end to poverty and all the risks it brings.
高考英语二轮总复习 第二部分 阅读理解 专题一 主旨大意
gesture to the people and told them the goal of the government was to 5. __g_u_a_ra_n_t_ee______ (确保) that everyone could be given gifts gradually.
Ⅱ.高考范文必背 (2020·全国Ⅲ卷) 假定你是李华,你和同学根据英语课文改编了一个短剧。给外教Miss Evans写封邮件,请她帮忙指导。邮件内容包括: 1.剧情简介; 2.指导内容; 3.商定时间地点。 注意: 1.词数100左右; 2.结束语已为你写好。
例2(2019·全国Ⅲ卷,B) For Western designers,China and its rich culture have long been an
inspiration for Western creative. “It’s no secret that China has always been a source(来源) of inspiration
for designers,”says Amanda Hill,chief creative officer at A+E Networks,a global media company and home to some of the biggest fashion(时尚) shows.
Earlier this year,the China Through A Looking Glass exhibition in New York exhibited 140 pieces of China-inspired fashionable clothing alongside Chinese works of art,with the aim of exploring the influence of Chinese aesthetics(美学) on Western fashion and how China has fueled the fashionable imagination for centuries.The exhibition had record attendance,showing that there is huge interest in Chinese influences.
Ⅱ.高考范文必背 (2020·全国Ⅲ卷) 假定你是李华,你和同学根据英语课文改编了一个短剧。给外教Miss Evans写封邮件,请她帮忙指导。邮件内容包括: 1.剧情简介; 2.指导内容; 3.商定时间地点。 注意: 1.词数100左右; 2.结束语已为你写好。
例2(2019·全国Ⅲ卷,B) For Western designers,China and its rich culture have long been an
inspiration for Western creative. “It’s no secret that China has always been a source(来源) of inspiration
for designers,”says Amanda Hill,chief creative officer at A+E Networks,a global media company and home to some of the biggest fashion(时尚) shows.
Earlier this year,the China Through A Looking Glass exhibition in New York exhibited 140 pieces of China-inspired fashionable clothing alongside Chinese works of art,with the aim of exploring the influence of Chinese aesthetics(美学) on Western fashion and how China has fueled the fashionable imagination for centuries.The exhibition had record attendance,showing that there is huge interest in Chinese influences.
高考英语二轮复习阅读理解中主旨大意--段落大意题考查解读
2020届二轮复习阅读理解中主旨大意--段落大意题考查解读段落大意类题型多在说明文和议论文中进行考查，这类文章涉及多种话题如社会文化类、科普说明类等。
设问形式常有：(1)What does the last paragraph talk about?(2)The main idea of the second paragraph probably is .(3)What is the main idea of the first paragraph?(4)The first paragraph is mainly about .二、解题技巧——“首尾兼顾”知段意首尾兼顾知段意↓(1)段首：说明文和议论文中的主题句常在段首句↓(2)段尾：先表述细节，后归纳概括，段落中心在段尾↓关键点：抓住段落的主题句↓(3)段中间：先用一句或几句话引出要表达的主题，再陈述主题，再论述细节，即引出主题→段落中心→再论述↓(4)没有明显段落中心时，需概括段落内容，总结段落中心【真题感悟】中第60题，根据文章最后一段第一句“Meanwhile，例如：things that you might expect to discourage spending—‘bad’tables，crowding，high prices—don’t necessarily.”可知，你认为可能会影响人们消费的因素如：不好的桌子、拥挤以及高价等不一定会影响人们的消费，然后依次举例进行了证明，所以本段主要讲的是人们对于饭店的几个误解，故选D。
AMost of us have lost our wallet at some stage in our lives.But few would imagine having it returned after a nearly seven-decade gap.Edward Parker dropped his wallet in 1950 into an inaccessible spot behind a bookshelf，while working as an electrician，repairing World War Two bomb damage in the palace.The wallet stayed there until this year when a builder，doing some 1restoration work，finally found it.The wallet is a time capsule.Its leather and webbing has long ago started to disintegrate.But it contains numerous pictures of family，invoices(发票)，receipts，old union cards，results of a chest X-ray (sent to him in 1948，the same year as the NHS was founded)，a national service card dated 9 December 1944 and a medical insurance card.His business cards—E Parker，Electrical Contractor—seem almost original.Reflecting the typical methods of contact of the time，they have an address but no telephone number.A month ago I was speaking to a 8press officer at Lambeth Palace and he mentioned that the wallet had just been handedin.We thought it might be nice to try and work out whose it was and give it back to the family.Edward Parker is a pretty common name，but his medical card contained two places of residence—Poets Road and Springdale Road in north London.From this，Islington Council were able to find details of a marriage between Edward Parker and Constance Butler in 1947.That information was enough to work out that he was still alive and in a care home in Essex，so I went to visit him.Now 89，Edward has dementia(痴呆)，but he was clearly happy to get the wallet and in particular，the photographs back.He pointed out pictures of his mother and father，his brother，his cousins and his wife Constance，who was with him when I visited.“He hadn’t seen a picture of his father s ince he lost the wallet，” Constance,90，says.1．We can possibly infer that Edward Parker . A．once worked as an electrical technician B．always lost his walletC．once participated in World War ⅡD．once worked as a restoration builder答案 A解析推理判断题。
新教材2024高考英语二轮专题复习：主旨大意题__高屋建瓴明意旨课件
She adds that the program's benefits go beyond nutrition. Some students get so interested in gardening that they bring home seeds to start their own vegetable gardens. Besides, working in the garden seems to have a calming effect on Jaramillo's special education students, many of whom have emotional control issues. “They get outside，” she says, “and they feel successful.”
Program evaluations show that kids eat more vegetables as a result of the classes. “We have students who say they went home and talked to their parents and now they're eating differently，” Jaramillo says.
passage?
图解技巧1 文章主线定标题
第一步 读文章，理清结构
第二步 析选项，斟酌判断
本文提到了学生在学校种植蔬菜，但其目的并不是 A 为了拯救学校花园，而是为了培养学生对蔬菜的兴
27．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．Rescuing School Gardens B．Experiencing Country Life C．Growing Vegetable Lovers D．Changing Local Landscape
Program evaluations show that kids eat more vegetables as a result of the classes. “We have students who say they went home and talked to their parents and now they're eating differently，” Jaramillo says.
passage?
图解技巧1 文章主线定标题
第一步 读文章，理清结构
第二步 析选项，斟酌判断
本文提到了学生在学校种植蔬菜，但其目的并不是 A 为了拯救学校花园，而是为了培养学生对蔬菜的兴
27．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．Rescuing School Gardens B．Experiencing Country Life C．Growing Vegetable Lovers D．Changing Local Landscape
高考英语二轮复习课件(17)主旨大意29张
back in the water.He can get on a bicycle after many years and
still ride away.He can play catch and hit a ball as well as his son.A mother who has not thought about the words for years can teach her daughter the poem that begins “Twinkle，twinkle， little star” or remember the story of Cinderella or Goldilocks
possible uses and someday could provide a more environmentally
friendly alternative to plastic.The material ， made from shrimp( 虾 )shells and proteins produced from silk ， is called “shrilk.” It is thin，clear，flexible and strong.
的首段、尾段，或每段的首句和尾句等，重点搜索主题线索
和主题信息。主题句的位置一般有以下几种： 1．主题句出现在文首。开门见山，提出主题，随之用细节来解 释、支撑或发展主题句所表达的主题思想。这是英语中最常 见的演绎法写作方式。新闻报道通常就采用这种写法。新闻
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
报道的首句通常称为“新闻导语”，“导语”实际上就是所
专题知识清单
高考命题视角
考场失分防范
A major benefit of the material is its biodegradability. Plastic's toughness and flexibility represented a revolution in materials science during the 1950s and ' 60s.Decades later， however，plastic's very durability(耐用性)is raising questions
高考英语二轮复习专题03阅读理解Ⅰ：主旨大意题含解析
专题3 阅读理解Ⅰ：主旨大意题【构建知识体系】主旨大意题考点1准确归纳标题考点2概括文章大意考点3总结段落大意2021-2021年全国高考Ⅰ卷本专题考察分布明细统计年份章节素材话题体裁考点分布主旨大意细节理解推理判断词义猜想202 1第一节剑桥科技节的活动通知应用文1662旅鸽在美国逐渐减少直至灭绝的过程记叙文向驯兽师学习如何集中注意应对选择障碍议论文学者对濒危语种进展记录拯救记叙文第二节如何帮助孩子为未来职业做准备说明文信息匹配202第一关于伦敦运河博物应用文09511 节馆每月专题讲座安排的海报作者离开寒冷的纽约去美国南部度假的感受记叙文介绍了在巴黎皮蓬杜艺术中心举办西班牙著名艺术家萨尔瓦多·达利艺术展的情况记叙文法国咖啡馆在现代社会中彰显心理沟通的社会功能，产生了积极的意义。
议论文第二节重建人际关系中的信任的意义及措施说明文信息匹配202 1第一节主要介绍了四位著名的女性的根本情况。
说明文1941主要介绍了社会上很多老年人搬到离子女近的地方居住说明文在丈夫丧失了自己所有东西后，陌生人无私的帮助使他们重拾了对他人的信任。
B以1970年地球日为突破口，讲述了人类对于地球环境的认识—由无知到保护。
借专家之口讲述了美国40年来对环境保护做出的突出奉献。
科普说明文C美国普遍存在的一种社会现象—对于“aupair〔住家保姆〕from China〞。
透过现象提醒了本质—“Learing Chinese is becoming in 社会文化类C越来越多即将上大学的学生选择“间隔年〞。
有人认为是好事，因为经过一年的锻炼，学生将会变得更加成熟、更有责任感。
但也有人指出这种做法存在弊端，有些学生会因为负担不起大学学费而被迫利用这一年去打工。
社会现象议论类D从价格到参观的内容介绍了四个英国的旅游胜地。
广告应用类比202 1A主要介绍了几个广告的具体内容，涉及音乐、喜剧表演与歌曲等活动的具体安排，如时间、地点等。
高三英语二轮复习：阅读理解主旨大意解题策略(共37张PPT)
高三英语二轮复习
1. 了解教学背景：高考阅读题分析； 2. 主旨题型分类：1）主旨型；
2）写作目的型； 3）标题型； 3. 通过做练习，了解各种解题技巧； 4. 在做阅读练习题中能灵活运用各技巧。
这几年高考中所有的试题都是在语篇中考查，听力， 阅读，完型填空，任务型，写作，无一例外全都突 出语篇的重要性，所以在备考中必须高度重视语篇 能力．
命题选项特征
正确选项 错误选项
如何辨别正确和错误选项
抽象概括 含义深刻
以偏概全 无中生有
内容全面 贴切准确
主题扩大 张冠李戴
范例1
The meaning of science varies among cultural groups. Silence may be thoughtful, or they may be empty when a person has nothing to say. A silence in a conversation may also show stubbornness, uneasiness, or worry. Silence may be viewed by some cultural groups as extremely uncomfortable; therefore attempts may be made to fபைடு நூலகம்ll every gap with conversation. Persons in other cultural groups value silence and view it as necessary for understanding a person’s needs.
主题句前面会出现however, but, in fact, actually等单词或短语。
1. 了解教学背景：高考阅读题分析； 2. 主旨题型分类：1）主旨型；
2）写作目的型； 3）标题型； 3. 通过做练习，了解各种解题技巧； 4. 在做阅读练习题中能灵活运用各技巧。
这几年高考中所有的试题都是在语篇中考查，听力， 阅读，完型填空，任务型，写作，无一例外全都突 出语篇的重要性，所以在备考中必须高度重视语篇 能力．
命题选项特征
正确选项 错误选项
如何辨别正确和错误选项
抽象概括 含义深刻
以偏概全 无中生有
内容全面 贴切准确
主题扩大 张冠李戴
范例1
The meaning of science varies among cultural groups. Silence may be thoughtful, or they may be empty when a person has nothing to say. A silence in a conversation may also show stubbornness, uneasiness, or worry. Silence may be viewed by some cultural groups as extremely uncomfortable; therefore attempts may be made to fபைடு நூலகம்ll every gap with conversation. Persons in other cultural groups value silence and view it as necessary for understanding a person’s needs.
主题句前面会出现however, but, in fact, actually等单词或短语。
专题1 阅读理解：主旨大意题-高考英语二轮复习
• 【特别提醒】
• (1)掌握部分的俚语习语有助于正确选择标题。
• (2)以偏概全、大而化之、张冠李戴不可有。
1. 标题提炼题——寻根溯源 画龙点睛
2020年全国Ⅱ卷·35
I have a special place in my heart for libraries… while other kids played ball or went to parties, I lived out adventures through the books I checked out from the library.
The engineers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) have taken it a step further— changing the actual composition of plants in order to get them to perform diverse, even unusual functions…
In the future, the team hopes to develop a version of the technology that can be sprayed onto plant leaves in a one-off treatment that would last the plant’s lifetime. The engineers are also trying to develop an on and off “switch” where the glow would fade when exposed to daylight. Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A. Can we grow more glowing plants? B. How do we live with glowing plants? C. Could glowing plants replace lamps? D. How are glowing plants made pollution-free?
• (1)掌握部分的俚语习语有助于正确选择标题。
• (2)以偏概全、大而化之、张冠李戴不可有。
1. 标题提炼题——寻根溯源 画龙点睛
2020年全国Ⅱ卷·35
I have a special place in my heart for libraries… while other kids played ball or went to parties, I lived out adventures through the books I checked out from the library.
The engineers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) have taken it a step further— changing the actual composition of plants in order to get them to perform diverse, even unusual functions…
In the future, the team hopes to develop a version of the technology that can be sprayed onto plant leaves in a one-off treatment that would last the plant’s lifetime. The engineers are also trying to develop an on and off “switch” where the glow would fade when exposed to daylight. Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A. Can we grow more glowing plants? B. How do we live with glowing plants? C. Could glowing plants replace lamps? D. How are glowing plants made pollution-free?
2020年高考英语二轮复习专题1阅读理解 (4)主旨大意题
high in status. It clearly showed that while likability can lead to healthy adjustment, high status has just the opposite effect on us. ”
Dr. Prinstein has also found that the qualities that made the neighbors want you on a play date—sharing, kindness, openness — carry over to later years and make you better able to relate and connect with others.
about China—its influences, its direction, its breathtaking clothes, and how young designers and models are finally acknowledging that in many ways. ”
【典例】 (2019·全国卷Ⅲ·B)
For Western designers, China and its rich culture have long been an inspiration for Western creative.
“It’s no secret that China has always been a source(来源)of inspiration for designers, ” says Amanda Hill, chief creative officer at A+E Networks, a global media company and home to some of the biggest fashion(时尚)shows.
高考英语二轮复习PPT课件(原文)专题二十三高中英语复习之阅读理解主旨大意归纳
Like parental observation，teacher observation also has its pitfalls．Some teachers have a tendency to overrate the abilities of docile， obedient，conscientious children．Others fail to recognize potential giftedness that is suppressed by emotional conflicts or by boredom with dull，routinized，teacher—dominated situations．
Classroom and playground also offer opportunities to identify children who get along exceptionally well with others and handle，frustrating situations with exceptional maturity．It is most rewarding to study children's interaction in groups．However，teachers have been given little help in using these、daily opportunities to identify and educate the socially gifted．
The paragraph could be entitled ___ .
gifted
children
as
parents A．teachers are as incapable of identifying gifted children as parents
Classroom and playground also offer opportunities to identify children who get along exceptionally well with others and handle，frustrating situations with exceptional maturity．It is most rewarding to study children's interaction in groups．However，teachers have been given little help in using these、daily opportunities to identify and educate the socially gifted．
The paragraph could be entitled ___ .
gifted
children
as
parents A．teachers are as incapable of identifying gifted children as parents
高三英语二轮复习 主旨大意课件
典例点拨
Today we benefit from countless inventions and innovations. It's hard to imagine driving without Garrett A. Morgan's traffic light. It's equally impossible to picture a world without Katherine J. Blodgett's innovation that makes glass invisible. Can you picture life without clear windows and eyegla what is the story behind the windshield wiper? Well, Mary Anderson came up with the idea in 1902 after a visit to New York City. The day was cold and stormy, but Anderson still wanted to see the sights, so she jumped aboard a streetcar. Noticing that the driver was struggling to see through the snow covering the windshield, she found herself wondering why there couldn't be a builtin device for cleaning the window. Still wondering about this when she returned home to Birmingham, Alabama, Anderson started drafting out solutions. One of her ideas, a lever(操作杆)on the inside of a vehicle that would control an arm on the outside, became the first windshield wiper.
高考英语(牛津版)二轮复习课件 阅读简答二
• 感谢您的关注 Thank you for your attention !
【答案】Wireless Internet for laptops.
Ⅲ. 判断推理型
判断推理型考查考生根据文中全部信息或事实， 在通篇理解文章的基础上领会作者的言外之意，并 作出正确的推理和判断。推理判断题包括理解和推 测作者或人物的观点、态度、意图、身份、情感， 对作者或文段所涉及的人物、事件作出评价等，该 题型属于深层理解试题。与阅读理解题中的推断题 一样，简答题的答案在原文中是不能找到的，它要 求考生以文章中的某些词、整篇文章的行文结构、 作者的写作手法等为依据，进行合理的推断。
要准确理解文段的隐含信息，除了要熟练地掌握基 本的语言知识，准确理解句子的字面意思外，还要 求我们运用自己已有的知识、经验，结合文段的相 关信息进行推理、判断。在题目设计中出现的形式 有：数据推断题、知识推断题、逻辑结论推断题、 作者情感态度意图推断题等。此类问题常涉及infer, conclude, imply, learn, intend, purpose, attitude等词。
【基础练习】
What is the author's attitude phenomenon? (No more than 10 words) towards the
_____________________________________________ ___________________________
该题常见的设问方式有：
①What can we infer/conclude from the passage?
②What can we learn from the passage? ③What does the passage imply but doesn't tell us directly? ④What's the purpose of the passage? ⑤What's the writer's attitude? ⑥What does the writer suggest in the passage?
高考英语(牛津版)二轮复习课件 主旨大意题
advice…(建议，劝告)
argue for(论证)，argue against(驳斥)(这两种答案仅 适用于议论文体裁) illustrate…(说明) present…(阐述)
propose…(提出)
warn…(警告) 既然全文的写作目的与文章的主旨密切相关， 那么段落的写作目的也与段落的大意密切相关， 只有反映了段落大意的答案才是段落的写作目的。
70. D 主旨大意题。考查对文章整体把握的归 纳理解能力。根据文章第一段 The material's…could provide a more environmentally friendly alternative to plastic.以及后文具体谈论的该材料优于塑料的内容， 可以推知，选择D项符合文意。
C. The colourful life in the countryside.
D. Unknown stories of Cambridge Universi一篇应用文。介绍了距离某大学较近的 风景点。
65. A 主旨大意题。 考查对文章内容整体把握 的能力。根据全文第一段There are some places which are probably a mere walk away from your college.可以 推知，文章是推荐几个学校附近值得走走的风景点， 选项A符合文意。
3. 作者态度
解答作者态度 (attitude) 或语气 (tone) 题，关键在 于把握作者对全文主体事物(与主题有关)或某一具体 事物的态度。表达作者态度 —— 褒义、中性和贬义 的手段主要有：1)加入形容词定语；2)加入副词状语； 3)特殊动词。英语中有些动词也表明说话者的正负态 度，如： fail( 未能 ) ， ignore( 忽视 ) ， overestimate ( 估 计过高)等动词表示一种负态度。
相关主题
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70. D 主旨大意题。考查对文章整体把握的归 纳理解能力。根据文章第一段 The material's…could provide a more environmentally friendly alternative to plastic.以及后文具体谈论的该材料优于塑料的内容， 可以推知，选择D项符合文意。
2. 写作目的 写作目的与文章主题不同，但与它关系密切，所 以也可以算作主旨题的一种变体。二者的异同可以从 下面的对比中看出：文章主旨是中心思想、文章大意， 而写作目的则阐述文章为何表达这个中心思想，等于 “文章大意＋论述方法(或作者口吻)”。文章大意可以 根据前面所述的方法找到。至于论述方法，可以根据 高考阅读理解的主体文章确定。
本文是一篇科普说明文。介绍了科技新发现： 从动物外壳提炼的具有可生物降解的特性，因此对 环境保护意义重大。 66. C 主旨大意题。考查对段落主题的理解和 判 断 能 力 。 根 据 第 一 段 Harvard researchers have created a tough, lowcost, biodegradable…可以推知， 选项C符合文意。
【基础练习】
70. Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?
A. Recent Progress in Environmental Protection
B. Benefits of Insects in Scientific Research C. The Harm of Onetime Products D. A Possible Alternative to Plastic
(5)分类。分类说明的各大项相加为主题。
【基础练习】
66. Paragraph 1 of the passage is mainly about shrilk's ______.
A. remarkable design
C. major features
B. interesting name
D. basic elements
高考阅读理解文章的主要逻辑结构有：
(1)时间顺序。按时间先后说明某一理论的发展，或 某一研究成果由过去至现在的情况。属于这种结构 的主题通常在首段或末段。 (2)总分顺序。首段做总的说明，其他段落分别说明 或具体论述首段的观点。属于这种结构的文章主题 在首段。 (3)分总顺序。前面几段分别说明，末段总结。主题 在末段。 (4)对比。进行对比的各事物之间的基本共同点或差 异为主题。
高考英语复习—— 主旨大意题
主旨题是阅读理解中最常见的题型之一，测试 阅读理解的基本能力。这种题型考查学生在语言水 平上对文章的把握：能否分辨主题和细节、是否具 备提纲挈领的能力。 一、 主旨大意题的出题方式虽说比较固定，但 也有大致如下3种情形： 1. 标题与大意题
What's the best title for this passage?
3. 作者态度
解答作者态度 (attitude) 或语气 (tone) 题，关键在 于把握作者对全文主体事物(与主题有关)或某一具体 事物的态度。表达作者态度 —— 褒义、中性和贬义 的手段主要有：1)加入形容词定语；2)加入副词状语； 3)特殊动词。英语中有些动词也表明说话者的正负态 度，如： fail( 未能 ) ， ignore( 忽视 ) ， overestimate ( 估 计过高)等动词表示一种负态度。
What is the passage mainly about? What does the passage mainly tell us?
What is the main idea of the passage?
主旨大意题
65. What is the passage mainly about? A. Some places for weekend break. B. A way to become creative in art.
C. The colourful life in the countryside.
D. Unknown stories of Cambridge University.
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
3
思路点拨
本文是一篇应用文。介绍了距离某大学较近的 风景点。
65. A 主旨大意题。 考查对文章内容整体把握 的能力。根据全文第一段There are some places which are probably a mere walk away from your college.可以 推知，文章是推荐几个学校附近值得走走的风景点， 选项A符合文意。
2. 文章标题的选择或拟定 标题用来帮助读者迅速推测出整篇文章的主要 内容，抓住文章讨论的中心，把握作者的观点和意 图，点明文章主题。标题可以是单词，短语，也可 以是句子。它的特点是：短小精悍，涵盖性强，简 洁新颖。
要恰当地选好标题，需要了解标题的基本拟定 方式。一般来说，标题的拟定方式是：以话题为核 心，将控制性概念的词按一定的语法浓缩为概括主 题句句意或中心思想的词组。要选好标题，还要注 意三个原则，一是概括性原则，要求标题应在最大 程度上覆盖全文，囊括文章的主要内容，体现文章 的主题要旨。二是针对性原则，针对性原则是对标 题外延的一种界定。概括性原则要求文章标题包括 文章的主要内容。但如果标题过大，就违背了针对 性原则。
advice…(建议，劝告)
argue for(论证)，argue against(驳斥)(这两种答案仅 适用于议论文体裁) illustrate…(说明) present…(阐述)
propose…(提出)
warn…(警告) 既然全文的写作目的与文章的主旨密切相关， 那么段落的写作目的也与段落的大意密切相关， 只有反映了段落大意的答案才是段落的写作目的。
由上可知，确定作者态度，可以有两种思路：问全 文主体事物的 ( 包括主题 ) ，可以根据阐述主题或有 关主体事物的相关句中的形容词、副词或动词确定 作者的态度；如果问的是对某一具体事物的态度， 则可以定位到具体相关句，然后确定答案。
二、解题方法： 1. 把握文章逻辑结构，抓主题句，概括段落大 意，根据论述详略确定。 主题句表达中心思想，其他句子均围绕它进行 说明或议论。它在文章中的位置通常为第一段首句、 第一段末句和全文末句等地方。所以阅读时对这些 地方要特别关注。