高考英语专题复习《阅读理解专题——猜测词义》PPT课件

对考纲内熟词新义的猜测
I had first known she was wrong, that her anxiety had clouded her judgment. (04全国卷) “cloud” means “_____________________.”
对句义的猜测 • The biggest finding in brain research in the last ten years is that the brain at any age is highly plastic. If you ask your brain to learn, it will learn.(07四川卷) • By saying “the brain at any age is highly plastic”, the writer means the brain can be _____. ed B. mastered C. developed D. researched
2.同义词
推迟
圆胖的
The new tax law supersedes, or replaces, the law that was in effect last year.
Mother was tall, fat and middle-aged. My aunt was an old woman, almost as plump as mother, a
1. The word “…” refers to / probably means / could best be replaced by _______. 2.The word “…” is most likely to mean ______. 3. What do you think the expression “…” stands for? 4. The underlined word “…” means ______. ......
抓主旨 明细节 猜词义 做推断
猜测词义 读懂文章
---------高三英语阅读指导（阅读篇）
2005—2009年阅读理解试题分类情况
题目设计数量
事实细节题 试 主旨大意题 题 设 计 词义猜测题 分 类 推理判断题
2005
10 2 1
2006
12 2 0
2007
10 2 1
2008
12 1 3
•Guess the meaning
China will see the longest solar eclipse in 500 years on July 21, a scientist Wang said on Saturday. The total eclipse will last up to six minutes, or the longest eclipse that can be seen in China in almost years from 1814 to 2309,” he said.
3、因果关系 弹性的
混浊的
Rubber can be made to stretch more than nine times its normal length because it is very elastic.
The river is so turbid that it is impossible to see the bottom even when it is shallow.
(2003NMET)
With their shining brown eyes, wagging tails, and unconditional love, dogs can provide the nonjudgmental listeners needed for a beginning reader to gain confidence. unconditional: 无条件的，绝对的 nonjudgmental:
小
结
由and或or， like ,as …as, the same as等连接的两个词构成同义 关系； 表转折关系的词常有如but, while, however, instead of , rather than , unlike, yet, otherwise, though ，on the contrary等。
语境法 Context clues
猜测词意
构词法 Word formation
Word Formation 构词法：
英语单词大多是由词根、词头（前缀） 和词尾（后缀）所组成。词根是单词最基本 的部分，表达单词的基本含义。在词根前或 后加上前缀或后缀，可以用来引申或转变原 词的意义。只要我们掌握了各种词根、词头 和词尾的基本含义，那么就可以很容易猜测 出由其构成的新词的含义了。
灌溉 灌溉
有牙齿的
In some countries where there is very little rain, the farmers have to irrigate, or water, their fields.
All whales fall into two groups, those with teeth and those without, Dolphins belong to odontoceti, that is to say, they are toothed whales.
• ( 05广东卷) “Unlike vitamin C, leadership skills can’t be easily swallowed down. They must be carefully cultivated.” • The underlined word roughly means ____. • A. encouraged B. compared • C. examined D. developed
2009
11 0 2
6
6
6
4
2
对考纲外生词的猜测
Many United Nations employees are polyglots: Mr. Jim, for example, speaks five languages fluently. “polyglot” most probably means “_______________.”
superman (超人) nonnatural (非自然的) homeless (无家可归的) rebuild (重建) microwave (微波) mispronounce (发错音) nonsmoker (非烟民) eastwards (向东)
Mary, of course you are overweight. You eat too much junk food. Even worse , you excercise infrequently. ―Even when a man is said to be a best friend,‖ Rubin writes, ―the two share little about their innermost feelings.‖
反义词
节约的 Though Tom’s face has been washed quite clean, his neck still remains grubby.
污秽的
John usually wastes a lot of money on such useless things, his wife, however, is very thrifty.
1. 定义描述
语 境 法 猜 测 词 义
2. 同义反义 3. 因果关系
4.举例归纳 语 境 法 猜 测 词 义
5.生活常识
6.上下推断
1、定义描述
Ex.
木匠
动物学家
牧人
夜班
◎A person who is skilled at making or repairing wooden objects is called a carpenter. ◎His uncle is a zoologist, an expert who does research on animals. ◎The herdsman, who looks after sheep, earns about 650 yuan a year. ◎We are on the night shift --- from midnight to 8 a.m. --- this week.
今天好囧啊， 等了半天打不到的士。
墙角数枝槑（梅），凌寒独自开， 遥赞它是雪， 只能说你呆。
If you come across new
words when reading,
What will you do
?
•Look them up in the dictionary
•Ignore them and continue reading
Ex.
混乱
不同意
天生的
无辜的
◎In the past the world seemed to run in an orderly way. Now, however, everything seems to be in a state of turmoil. ◎If you agree, write ― yes‖; if you dissent, write ―no‖. ◎Some human actions are learned, but quite a few other actions are innate. ◎Although a large number of people considered him to have stolen the money, I was sure that he was innocent of the theft.