10-8D---手法

C o r r e c t i v e A c t i o n s P r o c e d u r e8-D i s c i p l i n e A p p r o a c h矯正措施----8-D手法一、What is “8-D”?(什麼是8-D?)8-D:A Systematic approach utilized for true root cause finding & problem solving.8-D:是一個用於探索原因、解決問題的系統化流程。

Discipline1:Use Team Approach組建團隊Discipline2:Describe The Problem描述問題Discipline3:Immediate Corrective Actions緊急對策Discipline4:Seek The Root Cause根本原因Discipline5:Permanent Corrective Actions永久改善措施Discipline6:Verification Of Effectiveness效果確認Discipline7:Preventive Actions防止復發Discipline8:Congratulate Your Team ,Case Close祝賀結案二、W h e n s h a l l8-D b e u s e d?（何時用8-D?）※Supplier’s quality performance consistently exceeds the agreed goal.當供應商品質持續超出要求的目標時。

※Supplier meets the agreed goal ,but one failure symptom concentrates more than 2%.當單一不良現象達到2%，即使總體質量水平滿足要求。

※A defect occurred that should have been contained within the supplier’s process.供應商制程不良導致品質異常。

※The failing parameter was not tested by supplier.供應商未測詴的參數導致不良。

三、Responsibilities職責※The originator:Initiate the 8-D.發起人：提出8-D（CAR）的要求。

※The supplier:供應商1.Shall provide responses in 8-D format.必須用8-D的報告格式向發起人作出回復。

municate 8-D details internally as necessary.準備8-D報告的詳細內容。

3.Respond with immediate∕permanent corrective actions as per goals.按照計劃要求提出緊急對策及永久改善措施。

4.Provide weekly updates to the originator as per schedule.每周按計劃向8-D發起人通報改善措施落實情況。

5.Achieve goals on timescales for implementation of immediate∕permanent corrective actions.按時完成緊急對策及永久改善措施以符合目標。

6.Where immediate corrective actions has been requested,the supplier should perform a risk assessment of the exposure in their finished goods.This should normally be based on a functional∕visual screen of statistically significant sample.當緊急對策必須執行時，供應商一定要採用有效的抽樣檢驗方法來評估全面篩選的風險。

四、G o a l s目標※Immediate corrective actions available within 2 working days upon receipt of 8-D.緊急對策：2個工作天內提出。

※Immediate corrective actions implemented within 5 working days upon receipt of 8-D.緊急對策：5個工作天內落實。

※Permanent corrective actions plan available within 5 working days upon receipt of 8-D.永久改善措施：5個工作天內提出。

※Agreed permanent corrective actions in place within 10 working days upon receipt of 8-D.永久改善措施：10個工作天落實到位。

※Definitions 定議〃Immediate corrective actions-short term,temporary fix.緊急對策：短期的、暫時性的。

〃Permanent corrective actions-Long term,permanent fix.永久改善措施：長期的、永久性的。

五、D i s c i p l i n e1:U s e T e a m A p p r o a c h8-D第一條：組建團隊※Select and record internal and external team members.選擇並記錄公司內外的所有成員。

※Select a team champion (management members who will remove roadblocks of the team.) 選擇團隊決策支持人（決策支持人要能排除障礙）。

※Select a team leader(A member who directs efforts and takes responsibility for team).選擇一個組長（組長代表小組向上級負責）。

六、D i s c i p l i n e2:D e s c r i b e T h e P r o b l e m8-D–第二條：描述問題※Use terms understood by the customer.用客戶可完全理解的述語描述問題。

※Describe the change in condition or pre-existing condition,which caused the problem.描述導致問題存在或發生的條件。

※Express the condition in quantifiable terms,if available.如有可能，量化導致問題存在或發生的條件。

七、D i s c i p l i n e3:I m m e d i a t e C o r r e c t i v e A c t i o n s8-D第三條：緊急對策※Define who,what,when & how you will capture and contain the defects now,and prevent them from getting the customer.指明緊急對策的人、事、時及方法，同時防止在客戶端再發生。

※Consider the effect of the immediate corrective actions:緊急對策應考慮到：〃Cost成本〃Delivery交貨期〃Inducement of other types of defects.不可因而引起其他形式的不良。

八、D i s c i p l i n e4:S e e k T h e R o o t C a u s e8-D第四條根本原因※Describe why the change in co ndition occurred,or identify the “Hole”in the system which allowed the pre-existing condition to go undetected.描述為何發生，並指出該問題流出的原因。

※Categorize the root causes , e.g. material, machine, Methods, Manpower, Maintenance, Environment.將根本原因按人、機、料、法、環（4M1H）進行分類。

九、D i s c i p l i n e5:P e r m a n e n t C o r r e c t i v e A c t i o n8D第五條：永久改善措施※Describe who, what, when & how you will implement in material, manpower, methods, etc. To totally eliminate the root cause of the problem.描述排除不良根源的人、事、時以及如何使用這些資源。

十、D i s c i p l i n e6:V e r i f y O f E f f e c t i v e n e s s8D-第六條：效果確認※Describe verification results in quantifiable terms.(E.g.:achieved CPK-1.5 or decreased defect occurrences to zero, etc.)用量化指標來確認對策落實效果（例如CPK達1.5…）。

※Continue immediate corrective actions until permanent corrective actions are verified as being effective.緊急對策不能停，直到永久改善措施被確認生效。

十一、D i s c i p l i n e7:P r e v e n t R e c u r r e n c e8D-第七條：防止復發※Describe the internal and∕or external cultural or systemic changes that must be made to prevent the problem from recurring;描述能預防問題再發生的內部及外部的文化、系統改善條件。