高一B2U3-4现在完成时被动
人教高中英语必修2unit3-语法 现在完成时的被动语态
人教高中英语必修2Unit 3 Computers语法知识总结现在完成时的被动语态本单元学习现在完成时被动语态，同学们看下面两道题：1. I like these English songs and they ______ many times on the radio.A. taughtB. have taughtC. are taughtD. have been taught2. More and more attention ______ to wildlife protection in recent years but still more needs to be done.A. has paidB. will have been paidC. is being paidD. has been paid解析： 1. D. they 指these English songs 和teach之间存在被动关系，可排除A、B。
根据many times 可知应该与现在完成时连用。
2. D. 主语attention 与pay 之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故要用被动语态；时间状语in recent years 常与现在完成时连用，故用现在完成时的被动语态。
该知识点总结如下：当根据题意判断为现在完成时，并且主语与谓语动词之间是动宾关系（被动关系），我们需要使用现在完成时的被动语态。
现在完成时被动语态构成为：have/has been done高一（上）英语必修二Unit3 Computers语法巩固（现在完成时的被动语态）一．The Present Perfect Passive V oice(现在完成时的被动语态)例子：主动：I have finished my homework. 被动：My homework has been finished.1. Mary has locked the door. ___________________________________________________2. She has told me about the story.__________ ______________________________________3. I have read this book many times.________________________________________________4. We have completed all the preparations for the task, and we’re ready to start.___________________________________________________5. This company has produced new types of computers.___________________________________________________6. They have interviewed several teachers for the job.___________________________________________________7. George has sent some texts and pictures to his friend’s cell phone.___________________________________________________8. They have developed some programs for the human resource department of their company___________________________________________________9. Someone has put the book under the bench for more than two days.___________________________________________________10. The typhoon has damaged the bridges because of its strong wind.___________________________________________________二．单选1. Do you know the thief ______ by the police?A. has caughtB. has been catchingC. wi ll catchD. has been caught2.－How many times______ not to play with fire?－I’m sorry. I’ll never do that agai n.A. do you tellB. had you toldC. are you toldD. have you been told3. --What’s happening in the new area?--New houses_______ recently over there.A. are builtB. builtC. have builtD. have been built4. There is a police car in front of our neighbor’s house. What do you suppose _______?A. did happenB. has happenedC. is happenD. has been happened5. All the preparations for the project _______, and we’re ready to start.A. completedB. had been completedC. completeD. have been completed6. Great changes ________ in the city , and a lot of factories ________.A. have been taken place; have been set upB. have taken place; have been set upC. have taken place; have set upD. were taken place; were set up7. --How long _____ at this job? -- Since 1990.A. were you employedB. have you been employedC. had you been employedD. will you be employed8. When and where to go for the on-salary holiday ___________yet.A. are not decidedB. have not been decidedC. is not being decidedD. has not been decided9. This is a photo of the power stat ion that __________ in my hometown .A. has set upB. has been set upC. will set upD. is set up10. --Did you move into the new house?-- No. The rooms ___________ yet.A. were being paintedB. are paintingC. have not paintedD. have not been painted 三．句子翻译(用被动语态)1. 我们已经被告知运动将会被推迟。
高一英语必修二unit 3 语法 现在完成时的被动语态
现在完成时的被动语态一、结构：have / has been done二、用法：1）表示到现在为止已经完成的某个被动动作。
The new museum has already been completed(完成) recently.2）表示某个被动动作在说话之前发生，但对现在造成影响Your son has been sent to the hospital, so you needn’t worry too much.3）表示过去已经开始，持续到现在，也许还会持续下去的某个被动动作，往往与表示一段时间的状语连用（如for，since）等，或者so far, now, today, this week 等连用。
Computers have been widely used since the 1970s.三、副词的位置：often, usually, always, never, hardly, seldom 等副词置于have/ has 与been中间Such a man has hardly been believed.四、并不是所有动词都有被动语态。
只有及物动词才有被动语态，不及物动词（词组）没有被动语态, 如:happen, take place（发生）, die, appear（出现）, disappear（消失）, remain, last（持续）, sit , break out（爆发）, come true（实现）, belong to，consist of，run out(耗尽)等但许多不及物动词加介词或副词构成的短语动词，相当于及物动词，也可以有被动语态。
但短语动词是一个不可分割的整体，变为被动语态时，不可丢掉构成短语的介词或副词。
如look after, take care of，take off , look at, send for(请), look up(查词), look down upon (轻视)，listened toThe child has been taken good care of by Grandma Wang all these years.把下面的主动句变为被动句1. We have completed all the preparations for the task, and we’re ready to start.2. This company has produced new types of computers.3. They have interviewed several teachers for the job.4. George has sent some texts and pictures to his friend’s cellphone.5. They have developed some programmes for the human resource department of their company.主动句与被动句的特殊情况一、含双宾语的被动I gave the book to Mr. Smith yesterday.直接宾语间接宾语——The book was given to Mr. Smith (by me) yesterday. ——Mr. Smith was given a book yesterday (by me) 1）give sb. sth/ give sth. to sb.sb be given sth.sth be given to sb.2）bring sb. sth. / bring sth. to sb.sb. be brought sth.sth. be brought to sb.3）tell sb. sth. / tell sth. to sb.sb. be told sth.sth. be told to sb.4）buy sb. sth. / buy sth. for sb.sb be bought sth.sth. be bought for sb.二、不带to的不定式在变为被动语态时要还原to，包括感官动词（see, watch, hear等）和使役动词（make, let, have）1）I heard her cry last night. →She was heard to cry last night.2）The boss makes them work all day and all night. →They are made to work all day and all night.三、当主动句的宾语是that引导的宾语从句，可转换为两种形式的被动句。
新人教高一英语必修2unit3现在完成时的被动语态
Ⅰ.概念：
Summary
1. 肯定句： 主语+ have/has been +过去分词 2. 否定句： 主语+ have/has +not+ been+过去分词 3. 一般疑问句： Have/Has +主语 + been+ 过去分词 ...? 4. 特殊疑问句： 疑问词+ have/has + 主语+ been+过去分词 ...?
Present perfect tense
现在完成时 have/has done
past
present (now)
future
Review
1.表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。 2.表示过去已经开始, 持续到现在的动作或状态。
--Someone has turned off the light. (有人刚把灯关了,对现在造成的结果是:现在很黑) --I have finished my homework. I am free. (我已经完成了家庭作业,对现在造成的结果是很有空)
Have a try !!!
【即学即练】 Making up sentences using present perfect passive Voice用现在完成时的被动语态造句:
Wh-question 特殊疑问句
Task1: observe and find out the structure in affirmative sentence 肯定句.
1.Both my brother and I work at the power station 1.Bthoatthhmasy beroetnhesretaunpd iInwmorykhaotmtheetopwonw.er station 2.Wthea’tvheabsebeenetnolsdetthuepsipnomrtys hmoemeteintogwwni.ll be put off. 23..WAlel ’tvhee bpereenpatroaltdiotnhse shpaovertsbemeenectionmgpwleiltlebde. put off. 34..AJlal cthkehparsebpeaerantiionnjusrehdavseinbceeelnasctoSmaptulertdeady.. 45.. JWaeckwhillasstbareteansinsjouornedassitnhceewlaosrtkShaatsurbdeaeyn. 5. fWineiswheildl s. tart as soon as the work has been
高中英语新人教版必修二Unit 3- 4语法汇总
高中英语必修二语法汇总Unit 3：现在完成时的被动语态现在完成时的被动语态表示到现在为止某事已经被完成或被做。
这种语法项目既要表示现在已经完成又要表示被动的含义，因此很多同学在具体运用中容易顾此失彼，难以把握。
运用现在完成时的被动语态时应掌握以下几个问题：一个新的网络已经建立起来了。
To Tom’s disappointment，his novel has not been published.让汤姆失望的是，他的小说还没有被出版。
Has his bike beenrepaired?他的自行车修好了吗？How manyresidents have been invited to theconference？有多少居民受到了参会邀请？二、现在完成时的被动语态的用法1.表示被动的动作在说话之前已经完成，强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响或产生的结果，通常与already，yet，never，recently等副词及时间状语so far，by now，up till/to now，since等连用。
The databasehas already been updated.数据库已经被更新了。
(现在可以使用新的数据库了)2.表示一个被动的动作或状态从过去开始一直持续到现在，并可能继续持续下去，常与for 或since等引出的时间状语(从句)连用，或用于howlong引出的句子中。
The machine has been repaired for two hours.这台机器已经被修了两个小时了。
(可能还会继续被修)3.用在条件状语从句中，表示将来某时已经完成的动作。
You shouldn’t leave school beforeyour homework has been finished.在你的作业没完成之前你不应该离开学校。
三、使用现在完成时的被动语态要注意6点问题1.与一般过去时的被动语态的区别。
新人教版必修二Unit3重点语法知识点：现在完成时被动讲解学案
语法：现在完成时的被动语态基础知识讲解1、现在完成时的被动语态的结构◆He has been selected to take part in the sports meeting．他已被挑选出来参加运动会。
◆The ink has not been removed from his overcoat．墨迹还没有从他外套上去掉。
2、现在完成时的被动语态的用法1．现在完成时的被动语态同它的主动语态一样，强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，通常与already, yet, just, never, recently等副词连用。
◆The machine has already been repaired．机器已经修好了。
2．表示一个被动的动作或状态开始于过去，持续到现在，并可能持续下去，常与for或since引导的时间状语连用，或用于“How long …?”句型中。
◆Financial problems of the company have been discussed for nearly two hours．公司的财务问题已被讨论了近两个小时了。
◆How long has this film been shown?这部电影已放映多长时间了？3．用在时间或条件状语从句中，表示将来某时已完成的动作，即用现在完成时的被动语态代替将来完成时的被动语态。
◆You shouldn’t leave school before your homework has been finished．在你的作业没完成之前你不应该离开学校。
4.常与现在完成时连用的时间状语有：already已经yet已经recently/lately最近since then从那时起ever since自那以来ever曾经so far迄今为止by now到现在为止for a long time 很长一段时间in recent years在最近几年里in/during/over the past/last years在过去的几年里5.特殊用法(1)只带有一个宾语的动词变为被动语态时，将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。
高一英语B2U3-4被动语态3
高一英语B2U3-4 被动语态专题复习（一）构成形式be done（-ed）1. 被动语态的基本时态变化以do为例，各种时态的被动语态形式为：（1）am/is/are +done （过去分词）一般现在时例Visitors (require) not to touch the exhibits.（2）has /have been done 现在完成时例All the preparations for the task (complete), and we’re ready to start. （3）am/is /are being done 现在进行时例A new cinema (build)here.（4）was/were done 一般过去时例 By the end of last year, another new gymnasium (set up)in Beijing. （5）shall/will be done 一般将来时例Hundreds of jobs (lose)if the factory closes.2. 被动语态的特殊结构形式（1）带情态动词的被动结构。
其形式为：情态动词＋be＋done。
如：The baby should be taken good care of by the baby-sitter.（2）在使役动词have, make, get以及感官动词see, watch, notice, hear, feel, observe变为被动结构时，要加to。
如：Someone saw a stranger walk into the building.A stranger was seen to walk into the building.（3）“动词＋介词”，“动词＋副词”等，要把它们看作一个整体，不能分开。
其中的介词或副词也不能省略。
如：The meeting is to be put off till Friday.3. 非谓语动词的被动语态v.+ing 形式及不定式 to do 也有被动语态（一般时态和完成时态）。
人教版高中英语必修2现在完成时的被动语态用法讲解(教师版)(推荐文档).doc
人教版高中英语必修 2 现在完成时的被动语态用法讲解(教师版 )【高一同步教程】高中英语必修 2 现在完成时的被动语态用法讲解【学习目标】1．现在完成时被动语态的结构2．现在完成时被动语态的主要用法3．使用现在完成时的被动语态需要注意的问题【课前预习】1．什么是语态？语态是表示主语和动词之间的主动关系或被动关系的动词形式。
英语动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。
主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者（施动者），被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者（受动者）。
2．对现在完成时被动语态的理解现在完成时被动语态的结构就是现在完成时态和被动语态结构的叠合，即“have + been + 动词过去分词”。
试比较以下几组句子的谓语结构：1）主动句：He has repaired the machine for two hours.他修理这台机器已有两小时了。
被动句： The machine has been repaired for two hours.这台机器已修了两小时了。
2）主动句：The teacher has borrowed the books.老师把那些书借走了。
被动句： The books have been borrowed by the teacher.那些书被老师借走了。
【教学过程】一、现在完成时被动语态的构成1．现在完成时被动语态的肯定式由“ have ／ has ＋ been ＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。
例如：Two windows have been broken ．两个窗子被打破了。
2．现在完成时被动语态的否定式由“ have ／ has ＋ not＋ been ＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。
例如：The car has not been repaired ．这辆汽车还没有修好。
3．现在完成时被动语态的一般疑问式由“Have／ Has ＋主语＋ been＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。
例如：① ─ Has her work been finished ？她的工作完成了吗？─ Yes， it has．是的，完成了。
人教版高中英语必修2-现在完成时的被动语态用法讲解(教师版)(推荐文档)
【高一同步教程】高中英语必修2 现在完成时的被动语态用法讲解【学习目标】1. 现在完成时被动语态的结构2. 现在完成时被动语态的主要用法3. 使用现在完成时的被动语态需要注意的问题【课前预习】1. 什么是语态？语态是表示主语和动词之间的主动关系或被动关系的动词形式。
英语动词有两种语态: 主动语态和被动语态。
主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者（施动者）, 被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者（受动者）。
2. 对现在完成时被动语态的理解现在完成时被动语态的结构就是现在完成时态和被动语态结构的叠合, 即“ have + been + 动词过去分词”。
试比较以下几组句子的谓语结构:1）主动句: He has repaired the machine for two hours.他修理这台机器已有两小时了。
被动句: The machine has been repaired for two hours. 这台机器已修了两小时了。
2）主动句: The teacher has borrowed the books. 老师把那些书借走了。
被动句：The books have been borrowed by the teacher. 那些书被老师借走了。
【教学过程】一、现在完成时被动语态的构成1. 现在完成时被动语态的肯定式由“have ／has ＋been ＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。
例如:Two windows have been broken. 两个窗子被打破了。
2. 现在完成时被动语态的否定式由“have ／has ＋not＋been ＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。
例如:The car has not been repaired. 这辆汽车还没有修好。
3. 现在完成时被动语态的一般疑问式由“Have ／Has ＋主语＋been＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。
例如:①─Has her work been finished？她的工作完成了吗？─Yes, it has．是的, 完成了。
人教版高中英语必修二单元三 语法：现在完成时的被动语态
3. … I never forget anything I have been told!
4. Since the 1970s, many new applications have been found for me.
1.5. I have also been put into robots and used to make mobile phones as …
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3. Betty___ injured since last Saturday.
A . has been B. was
C. is
D. has
4. --Did you move into the new house?
-- No. The rooms ___ yet.
A. were being painted
这项计划已被讨论了近两个小时了。
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注意事项:
1) 现在完成时的被动语态的两个助动词，即 have/has和been，缺一不可。 2) 只有及物动词才有被动语态，不及物动词 （词组）没有被动语态。
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3) 副词的位置 often, usually, always, never, hardly, seldom等副词置于 have/has和been中间。如: [误] Such a man has been hardly believed. [正] Such a man has hardly been believed.
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高一必修2unit3现在完成时被动语态剖析
过去分词或 + be going to + be + 过去分词） 如: The work will be finished soon. 4) 现在进行时的被动语态 (is/am/are + being+ 过去分词） 如: The bridge is now being constructed.
7) 动词不定式的被动式 (to be + 过去分词) 如: It is an honor for me to be asked to speak here.
现在完成时的被动语态表达以下两个
概念：
1. 说话时已经完成的动作或出现的结果。 2. 主语是行为动作的承受者，
在使用现在完成时的被动语态时要注意以下两点： 1. 过去分词前有两个助动词 have / has 和 been 。 2. 必须表示被动。
Discovering useful structures from the passage on p18: ? 现在完成时 (present perfect tense) 的被动语态：
S +have /has +been + done ( 过去分词)
1 Over time I have been changed quite a lot . 2 First as a PC and then as a laptop I have been
Workers have built the house since two years ago.
动作的 谓语动 动作的 Th执e ho行us者e ha词s been buil承t b受y w者orkers since two years ago.
高一英语课件 B2U3 语法：现在完成时的被动语态
3. He _h_a_s_l_iv_e_d_(live) here since he came here.
4. Jan’s life h_a_s__b_e_e_n_g_r_e_a_t_ly__im__p_r_o_ved (improve) by the Internet.
2). 主语与谓语动词之间的 被动关系
Can you translate the following sentences?
1). How long has this film been shown? 2). Financial problems of the company have been discussed for nearly two hours. 3). Since the 1970s, it has been used in offices and homes.
has/have +done
1). 动作已经完成，强调对现在造成 的影响或结果 2). 主语与谓语动词之间的主动关系
Can you change the sentences into present perfect passive voice?
P30
1). I have download the software to help my phone battery last longer. _T_h_e_s_o_f_tw__a_r_e_h_a_s_b__ee_n__d_o_w__n_lo_a_d_e_d__b_y_m__e_t_o__h_e_lp__m_y__p_h_o_n_e______ _b_a_tt_e_r_y_l_a_s_t _lo_n_g_e_r_.____
必修二Unit3现在完成时的被动语态
必修二Unit3现在完成时的被动语态现在完成时的被动语态表示被动性动作发生在过去，到现在已经被完成或对现在仍有影响。
现在完成时被动语态强调一个发生在过去的被动性动作，它有两层意思：1）动作已经完成，强调对现在造成的影响或结果；2）主语与谓语动词之间为被动关系。
如：Our classroom has been cleaned, (you needn’t clean it now.)我们的教室已经被打扫过，你现在没必要再打扫了。
These flowers have been watered, (you can go home.)这些花已经被浇水了，你可以回家了。
1.现在完成时被动语态肯定句主语+ has/ have been + P.P. +...(P.P.=动词的过去分词形式)她的摩托车被盗了。
Her motorbike has been stolen.2.现在完成时被动语态否定句主语+has/ have +not+ been+ P.P.+...The task has not been finished yet.任务尚未完成。
3.现在完成时被动语态一般疑问句Have/Has+主语+been + P.P. +...?Has a new computer been bought?4.现在完成时态被动语态的特殊疑问句疑问词+have/has+been+P.P.+…？Ten computers have been bought by the company.→By whom have ten computers been bought？注意：副词的位置just, often, usually, always, never, hardly, seldom等副词置于have / has和been中间。
如: [误] Such a man has been hardly believed.[正] Such a man has hardly been believed.练习题参考答案Ⅰ. 1–5: CDABC 6–10: CDBBBⅡ.1. laughed后加at 2.去掉been 3. have改为has 4. have后加be 5. already置been前。
现在完成时的被动语态笔记
现在完成时的被动语态笔记现在完成时的被动语态是由助动词have的过去分词形式"have been"与及物动词的过去分词形式构成。
其基本结构为“主语+have/has been+及物动词的过去分词+by引导的方式状语”。
下面是一些关于现在完成时被动语态的详细解释和示例：1. 定义现在完成时的被动语态表示某个动作已经被完成，且与现在存在一定的关联或影响。
2. 结构主语 + have/has been + 过去分词（及物动词）+ by引导的方式状语（可选）3. 时态标志have/has been + 过去分词4. 用法当不知道或不需要强调动作的执行者时，使用被动语态。
当强调动作对主语的影响或状态时，使用被动语态。
5. 注意事项被动语态中的by引导的方式状语不是必须的，但如果使用，则可以提供关于动作执行者的更多信息。
在被动语态中，句子的主语是动作的接受者，而不是执行者。
现在完成时的被动语态可以与already, just, yet等副词连用，表示动作是否已经完成。
现在完成时的被动语态也可以与时间状语连用，表示某个动作发生在过去，并对现在有影响或状态。
6. 示例The book has been written by the author. (这本书已经被作者写完了。
) The movie has been directed by the famous director. (这部电影已经被那位著名导演导演了。
)The project has already been completed by the team. (这个项目已经被团队完成了。
)。
人教新课标高一英语必修二Unit 3 period 4 现在完成时的被动语态
现在完成时被动语态 have/has + been + ved 他们知道这个消息了。 They have been told the news.
He hasn’t finished his homework yet. His homework hasn’t been finished yet.
They have already decorated the Christmas tree. The Christmas tree has already been decorated by them.
二、改错
1. A personal computer hasɅbought by us.
been
2. Many problems has been found with our new computer. have
3. The man has been madeɅwork all day long
Group 2 The man, maltreat(虐待), in the TV series
The man has been maltreated many times in the TV series.
Group 3 The woman, frighten the girl
The woman has just been frightened by the girl.
3) 双宾语动词变被动语态可将其中一个 宾语变为主语, 另一个保留不动。 主动: I have given him the key. 被动: He has been given the key. 被动: The key has been given (to) him.
4)在 see ， watch ， hear ， feel ， notice, observe 等感官动词和 make ， have ， let, get 等使役动词后 面 作宾语补足语的不定式不带 to. 但是在被动语态 中，不定式的 to 要还原 (let 没有被动语态 )。 例如 : We heard Tim sing an English song. (主动,省略 to) Tim was heard to sing an English song. (被动, to 要还原)
现在完成时被动语态的用法归纳
现在完成时被动语态的用法归纳
**俺来讲讲现在完成时被动语态的事儿**
哎，同学们，你们知道现在完成时被动语态是咋回事儿吗？我觉得这东西说难也不难，说简单也不简单，就像咱们山东的大葱，外表普通，但味道可是香得很！
首先啊，我们得明白啥是现在完成时。
嗯，简单来说，就是现在已经完成或者刚刚完成的动作。
比如说，“我已经吃过饭了”，这就是现在完成时。
然后我们再来说说被动语态。
被动语态就是说动作不是咱们自己干的，而是被别人干的。
比如，“我的作业被老师表扬了”，这就是被动语态。
把这两个东西放到一起，就是现在完成时被动语态了。
就是说某个动作现在已经被别人完成了。
比如，“我的自行车已经被修好了”，这就是现在完成时被动语态。
那么，怎么用呢？其实也不难。
我们只需要记住一个结构：have/has + been + 过去分词。
就像这样：“我的作业已经被完成了”（My homework has been finished.）。
我觉得啊，学习这个语态的时候，最重要的是多做练习。
你看，我们山东人学做菜，不就是多切几次葱，多炒几次菜嘛！所以，大家要多做题，多练习，这样才能掌握得牢靠。
另外啊，我们还得注意时态和语态的搭配。
就像咱们山东的四季，春天就得穿薄衣服，冬天就得穿厚衣服，不能乱来。
同样，该用现在完成时被动语态的时候，就不能用其他时态或语态。
好啦，同学们，我觉得现在完成时被动语态这事儿，其实也不难。
只要我
们多用心，多练习，一定能掌握得好好的！大家加油啊！。
【语法】M2U4-现在完成时的被动语态
语法讲解
The homework has been finished.
作业（被）完成了。 The windows have been cleaned.
窗户（被）擦了。
Presentation
语法讲解
二、否定句结构：
主语+ have/ has +not + been +动词过去
分词
The homework has not been finished.
Lead-in
3. 一般将来时： The boy will make a kite. 主动，主语The boy是make动作的执行者。 A kite will be made by the boy. 被动，主语A kite是make动作的承受者。
Lead-in
4. 现在进行时： Lily is watering the trees.
Granny takes care of the girl.
主动，主语Granny是take care of动作的执
行者。
The girl is taken care of by Granny.
被动，主语The girl是take care of动作的承 受者。
Lead-in
2. 一般过去时： She typed a letter. 主动，主语She是type动作的执行者。 A letter was typed by her. 被动，主语A letter是type动作的承受者。
Practice
随堂练习
将下列句子改为一般疑问句。
1. Great changes have been taken place. Have great changes been taken place __________________________________? 2. Bill has found in a corner. Has Bill found in a corner _________________________?
英语新人教必修二Unit3Period 4语法现在完成时的被动课件
plane; high-speed rail
E-books
E-payment
Stream movies and music ; chat online…
Try to tell the changes according to the table using the present perfect passive voice.
Unit 3 The Internet Discovering Useful Structures
Teaching objectives:
By the end of this period, you will be able to…
1.analyze the forms and features of the present perfect passive voice.
现在完成时被动语态
一、观察例句，归纳现在完成时被动语态的构成。 （1）Tom's novel has not been published. （2）The experiment has been done successfully. （3）How long has this film been shown? （4）Has his bike been repaired? 现在完成时的被动语态 1. 肯定形式为:__主__语_+_h_a_v_e_/_h_a_s_b_e_en__d_o_n_e。如句(2)。 2．否定形式为:___主__语_+_h_a_v_e_/_h_a_s_n_o_t _b_ee_n__d_on_e____。如句(1)。 3．一般疑问句式为：_H_a_v_e_/_H_a_s_＋__主_语__＋__b_e_en__d_on_e__。如句(4)。 4．特殊疑问句式为：疑__问__词_＋__h_a_v_e_/_h_a_s+_主__语__＋_b_e_e_n_d。on如e 句(3)
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现在完成时的被动语态
现在完成时的被动语态结构是“主语＋has/have＋been＋过去分词”。
使用现在完成时的被动语态应注意下面几点：
1.现在完成时的被动语态同主动语态一样强调过去的动作对现在的影响。
They have just cleaned and repaired the watch.
→ The watch has just been cleaned and repaired (by them).
Tom has written the letter．
→ The letter has been written by Tom．
分析：此表刚擦洗修理，那就必然是用现在完成时，my watch是动作的承受者，在被动语态句中作主语。
2.被动语态没有完成进行时态，主动语态的现在完成进行时改为被动语态时要用现在完成时，依此类推，主动语态的过去完成进行时改为被动语态时用过去完成时。
如：
He has been writing the report for two days.
→The report has been written by him for two days.
3.现在完成时的被动语态的用法
1)表示一个被动的动作发生在说话之前,强调对现在造成的影响和结果。
如: The door has been locked. 门被锁上了。
2)表示一个被动的动作或状态开始于过去,持续到现在,并可能持续下去, 常
与for 或since引导的时间状语连用,或用于How long...?句型中。
如:
The important problem has been discussed for nearly two weeks.
那个重要的问题已经被讨论近两个星期了。
How long has the machine been used?
这机器使用有多久了?可。
3)注意与一般过去时的被动语态的区别。
一般过去时的被动语态所表示的动作或状态与现在的情况没有联系,而现在完成时的被动语态则强调与现在情况的联系。
如:
The bridge was built last year. 这桥是去年建成的。
The bridge has been built. 这桥已经建好了。
No books have been bought since last week.
自上周以来,没有人来买过书。
语法专项练习
I.用括号内动词的适当形式填空
1. Most of the waste metal can ________ (put) to use again.
2. Some rocks in the sea may ________ (see) in the daytime.
3. This part of the sea ________ (explore) many times.
4. Much useful information about these planets ________ (collect) since 1971.
5. Outer space ________ (not explore) by people before 1957.
6. Much parking space in cities ________ (save) by using small cars.
7. The streets ________ (light) by electricity.
8. Computer science ________ (teach) now almost in all universities.
9. A new kind of suit ________ (make) last December in our factory.
10. In most parts of the world human problems ________ (study) at that time.
11. Electricity ________ (discover) two thousand years ago.
12. These machines ________ (show) at the exhibition last year.
13. In this school English ______(teach) through TV.
14. Five units of this textbook ________ (study) by the end of last month.
15. When the traveler reached the railway station the train ________ (leave) already.
16. Much information ________ (send) back to the earth since the spacemen began
their exploration on the moon.
17. The cars of the future ________ (be) fine for getting around the cities.
18. We ________ (not be) late for tomorrow’s meeting.
19. The first railway in the world ________ (design) in the last century.
20. In 1970, five women ________ (stay) for two weeks in an undersea lab.
II.按照括号中的汉语意思完成句子
1. You can see the house_____（未油漆）for years.
2. This is a photo of the power station that_____（已建起）in my hometown.
3. How many workers_____ (已派遣) to build the railway?
4. --- Why does Lingling look so unhappy?
--- She_____（被嘲笑）by her classmates.
5. It is said that the house_____（闯进了）by two thieves.
6. _____ his views_____（受到批判）by them
7. The two books_____（未被拿走）by him.
8. Where_____ the mobile telephone _____（已经修理了）?
9. The price of a colour TV set_____（降价了）again.
10. What_____（已被译成）into many foreign languages?
答案
I.1. be put 2. be seen 3. has been explored 4. has been collected
5. had not been explored
6. has been saved
7. are lit
8. is being taught
9. was being made 10. were being studied 11. was discovered
12. were shown 13. is taught 14. had been studied 15. had left
16. has been sent 17. will be 18. shall not be 19. was designed 20. stayed II.1. has not been painted 2. has been set up 3. have been sent
4. has been laughed at
5. has been broken into
6. Have; been criticized
7. have not been taken away 8. has; been repaired 9. has been brought down 10. has been translated。