专题十 定语从句
专题十特殊句式倒装、强调、主谓一致等常考点
专题⼗特殊句式倒装、强调、主谓⼀致等常考点专题⼗⼀特殊句式(倒装、强调、主谓⼀致等)常考点近⼏年，⾼考中有关特殊句式注重考查知识之间的交叉，因此，也加⼤了在语境中综合考查语法知识的⼒度。
在考查强调句的同时，把定语从句、省略句以及强调句与时间状语从句、地点状语从句等融合到⼀起，考查学⽣综合把握语法知识的能⼒。
1强调句①构成和判断：“It is/was＋被强调的部分(时间状语/地点状语/原因状语/⽅式状语/名词/代词/从句)＋that(指⼈可⽤who)＋句⼦的其余部分”。
如：It was because he was ill that he was absent.②⼀般疑问句和特殊疑问句的强调句。
如：Was_it on the street that_you met Tom?What_was_it_that made him upset?Do you know what_it_was_that_made_him_upset?[注]强调句型⽤于宾语从句时应⽤陈述语序。
③not until的强调句，其结构为“It is/was not until＋被强调部分＋that＋句⼦剩余部分”。
如：It was not until I came back that he left.④强调谓语⽤“does/do/did＋动词原形”。
如：He did come back yesterday.①In my opinion，Mr.White ________ good to his students in his class at present.A. does doesB. does didC. does doD. did do②—What did she want to know，Tom?—She wondered ________ we could complete the experiment.A. when was itB. it was when thatC. it was whenD. when it was that③It was on the farm________ they visited ________ they got to know.A. where；thatB. which；whenC. that；thatD. which；which④—________ that he managed to get the information?—Oh，a friend of his helped him.A. Where was itB. What was itC. How was itD. Why was it⑤It was about 600 years ago ________the first clock with a face and an hour hand was made.A. thatB. untilC. beforeD. when【答案】①C②D③C④C⑤A2it ⽤法①指代上⽂的同名同物。
人教版高中英语必修2同步专题课件：专题十 定语从句III限制性和非限制性定语从句(共14张PPT)
【解析】选C。考查定语从句。句意：正如报告所显示的,在过 去的两个月里，这个城市的空气质量已有所改善。As“正如，
就像”引导定语从句，先行词为air quality。A项that不能引导
非限制性定语从句，B项it不能引导定语从句，D项what不能
引导定语从句。
4.（2011· 北京高考）Mary was much kinder to Jack than she was to the others,______, of course, made all the others
English.
2) I have a lot of friends, two-thirds of whom are girls.
3) Pass me the book, the cover of which is red.
【高考链接】
1.(2012•全国高考)That evening, ____I will tell you more about later, I ended up working very late. A. that B. which C. what D. when
【解析】选B。考查定语从句。句意：艾伦是一个画鸟和自然 的画家，由于某种原因，他从社会退隐了。考查非限制性定语
从句，Ellen是先行词，在从句中作主语。解题时，先把插入
语for some reason去掉。故选B。
3. (2012· 福建高考)The air quality in the city,___is shown in the report, has improved over the past two months. A. that B. it C. as D. what
高考英语专题(10)定语从句(答案)
2014高考英语专题（10）定语从句（答案）第一部分英语知识运用第一节单项填空专题十定语从句Ⅰ.根据句意用适当的关系词填空，熟读句子体会关系词的用法1．He flew to Paris two hours ago，he would stay for three days.2．The money with you were to buy dog food is gone.3．The whole city,75% of factories and buildings were gone，lay in ruins. 4．There are species living in the depths of the oceans of we still know little.5．My friend showed me round the town，was very kind of him.6．Jack's speech was listened to by a group of five judges，all of agreed that it was the best one this year.7．Sam remembered several occasions in the past he had experienced a similar feeling.8．This research has just been cancelled，I said earlier.9．We'll put off the meeting till next week，we won't be so busy.10．He was often late，made his teacher very angry.11．My hometown is no longer the same it used to be.12．This is the best hotel in the city I know.自我校对1．where 2.which 3.whose 4.which 5.which 6.whom7.where8.as9.when10.which11.as 12．ThatⅡ.完成或翻译下列句子，体会定语从句在写作中的运用1．Marie Curie overcame many difficulties，invented the first 'mobile X-ray machine，which benefited all human beings(这使得全人类受益)．(2012·浙江) 2．There are lots of colourful and interesting pictures adopted in them，which can arouse our interest in the contents we are learning(这能引起我们对所学内容的兴趣)．(2012·辽宁)3．We are encouraged to search for more information and pictures the same as those in the textbooks which/that can really enlarge our background knowledge(这能够扩大我们的背景知识)．(2012·辽宁)4．On the boat were two young tourists，who were eating，talking and laughing loudly(他们在吃着，谈论着，大声地笑着)．(2012·福建)5．让我们共同关心我们生活的环境吧。
2012届高考英语语法精品学案：专题10 定语从句
定语从句一直是高考的热点和焦点，考点主要集中在以下几个方面：定语从句的关系代词和关系副词的选择；非限制性定语从句中as和which的选择；以抽象地点、抽象时间名词作先行词的定语从句中关系词的使用；定语从句和强调结构的综合考查。
一、定语从句的基本概念定语从句中繁多的术语、复杂的关系一直困扰着很多学生，考试时也常为此出错。
因此我们首先要理解定语从句的三个基本概念及它们之间的关系。
定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句，它实际上起了形容词的作用。
定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。
先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。
关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。
关系词有关系代词和关系副词。
关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as 等；关系副词有when, where，why等。
由示例可知，关系代(副)词是定语从句的连接枢纽，在定语从句中起了三层作用：①引导定语从句，②替代先行词，③在从句中作成分。
因此我们可以得出：关系代词代替先行词在从句中作主语、宾语等；关系副词代替先行词在定语从句中作状语。
关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作什么成分是判断该用关系代词还是关系副词的依据。
因此把先行词正确还原到定语从句中是做定语从句题很重要的一个技巧。
专题十│ 正面解读二、关系代词、关系副词一览表关系词先行词从句成分例句备注关系代词who人主语、宾语①Do you know theman who/ that istalking with yourmother？②Mr.Smith is the personwith whom I amworking. ③The boy(whom/who/ that) sheloved died in the war.④I like those bookswhose topics areabout history.①who, whom,which和that在从句中作宾语时，常可以省略，但介词提前时后面关系代词不能省略，也不能用that或who，应构成“介词＋whom/which”引导定语从句。
(完整版)定语从句语法详解
定语从句语法专题（Attributive Clauses）教案一．定语从句的概述：1.定语从句：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
在句中做定语，被修饰的名词或代词，叫做先行词。
从句通常放在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引导。
其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个名词性成分，相当于形容词，所以又称为形容词性从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。
eg She is the girl（who got the first prize.）girl先行词who充当从句主语，从句做定语修饰girlThis is the boy who broke the window.这就是打破窗子的孩子。
the boy是先行词，who broke the window是限制性定语从句，明确指出theboy是打破窗子的那个孩子,who 在从句中充当主语That is the house where he lived ten years ago.He is the man who/that lives next door.He is the man who I want to see.先行词关系词定语从句复合句：是由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成的句子，复合句中的主句和从句都具有完整的的主语和谓语，主句是复合句的主体，可以独立存在，从句需要有一个连词引导，是修饰说明主句的，不能独立存在，根据在句中的不同作用，从句可以分为三类：定语从句，名词性从句，状语从句。
二．引导定语从句的关系词有两大类：1. 关系词：引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词，关系词有关系代词和关系副词。
关系代词：that, who, whom, whose, which，as（主，宾，定）关系副词：when, where, why.（状语）2. 关系词的作用：（1）引导定语从句，在先行词和定语从句之间起连接作用；（2）代替先行词在句中充当成分。
三．定语从句的分类：限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句1.限定性定语从句：限制性定语从句是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语，如果去掉，主句的意思就不完整或者失去意义。
高中英语语法知识点
高中英语语法知识点高中英语语法知识点专题一：定语从句一、关系代词引导的定语从句1、that 指人或物在从句中作主语，宾语或表语which指物在从句中作主语，宾语或表语(作宾语时可以省略)who指人在从句中作主语，宾语或表语whom指人在从句中作宾语whose指人或物在从句中作定语as指人或物在从句中作主语，宾语或表语but指人或物在从句中作主语，宾语或表语注意：指物时，whose+名词=the+名词+of which或 of which+the+名词2、as 的用法(1)常用于下列结构：such…as; so…as;the same…as; as…as注意：the same…as 表示同一类，不同一个the same…that 表示同一个(2)as与which的区别a、位置不同as可放在主句后，主句前或主句中间;which只能放在主句后。
b、as起连接作用，表达说话人的观点、看法，并指出主句内容的根据或出处，意为“正如，正像”。
Which相当于并列句，可以用and this来代替，意为“这一点，这件事’”。
注意：as常用于下列结构：as we know/ as is known to all, as we all can see, as has been said before/above,as might be excepted, as is often the case, 一般不能用which代替as。
c、在从句中作主语时，which既可作系动词be的主语也可作实义动词的主语，而as只可作系动词be的主语。
二、只用that不用which的情况1、.先行词为 all , much, everything, nothing , something ,anything, nothing, none, the one等不定代词时2、先行词被only, any, few, little, no , all, just , very ,right等修饰时.3、当先行词是最高级或被形容词最高级修饰时。
专题01定语从句十大考点归纳(清单)-高考英语一轮复习知识清单(全国通用)
专题01 定语从句十大考点（解析版）讲义目录定语从句高考考点细目表P1 考点清单一、关系代词that和which典型用法对比P2 考点清单二、关系代词whose, who, whom典型用法归纳P4 考点清单三、关系副词where典型用法归纳P5 考点清单四、关系副词when典型用法归纳P5 考点清单五、关系副词why 典型用法归纳P6 考点清单六、如何区分先行词作状语还是宾语P6 考点清单七、关系代词as典型用法归纳P7 考点清单八、定语从句“介词+关系代词”结构P8 考点清单九、定语从句中的主谓一致典型用法P9 考点清单十、分割型定语从句及强调句型、名词性从句变式考查P9 分类训练（一）高考真题P10 分类训练（二）模拟试题P11 分类训练（三）单句改错P12 分类训练（四）句式升级（书面表达）P12 分类训练（五）语篇运用（外刊原创）P13 （一）二十四节气之夏至来历及风俗P13（二）英雄猫及时施救心脏病主人P15近年高考真题定语从句考点细目表考点清单一、关系代词that和which典型用法对比要点精讲1：I don’t like the way that/in which you speak to your mum. 我不喜欢你对妈妈说话的方式。
（the way在定语从句充当方式状语）【即时训练】用关系代词that或which填空。
1. I don’t like the way _______you speak to her.2. He is the only man __________ I can find for the work.3. He is no longer the man _________he was five years ago.4. The first English novel __________ I read was Gone With Wind.5. This is one of the most exciting football games _______ I have ever seen.6. John told his parents about the cities and the people _________ he had visited.7.（2014全国I卷）Maybe you leave a habit ________is driving your family crazy.8.（2015全国I卷）I’d skipped nearby Guilin, a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River _________are pictured by artists in so many Chinese paintings.9. (2018全国II卷)The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005—when the government started a soil-testing program ___ ___ gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers---and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons.10.（2020全国III卷）Understanding her good intentions, I eat all the food what is provided by Mom with appreciation. （短文改错）【答案与解析】1. that。
【珍藏精品】2011届高考第一轮总复习经典实用学案：语法专题10
2)名词与介词的搭配 名词与介词的搭配 They are still living in the little house in which they’ve been living for 15 years.他们现在还住在他们已 ’ 他们现在还住在他们已 住了15年的那个小房子里。 住了 年的那个小房子里。 年的那个小房子里 3)形容词与介词的搭配 形容词与介词的搭配 The secretary with whom the boss is not happy will be fired for her inefficiency.(happy with“对……表示满意”) “ ……表示满意” 表示满意 老板对其不满意的那个秘书将由于她没有工作效率而被解 雇。
ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้
一、关系代词：who, whom, whose, which, that等。 关系代词： 等 who用于代替“表示人的意义”的先行词，并且在从 用于代替“表示人的意义”的先行词， 用于代替 句中作主语；在现代英语里，也可取代whom在从句中作 句中作主语；在现代英语里，也可取代 在从句中作 动词的宾语。例如： 动词的宾语。例如： I have no idea about the man who wrote the article.我 我 不认识写这篇文章的人。 不认识写这篇文章的人。 whom用于代替“表示人的意义”的先行词，并且在 用于代替“表示人的意义”的先行词， 用于代替 从句中作动词或介词的宾语。在现代英语里，如果whom 从句中作动词或介词的宾语。在现代英语里，如果 在从句中作动词的宾语， 它与who可以通用 ； 但是如果 可以通用； 在从句中作动词的宾语 ， 它与 可以通用 whom在从句中作介词的宾语 ， 那么就只能用 在从句中作介词的宾语， 那么就只能用whom而不 在从句中作介词的宾语 而不 能用who了。当然，如果在口语或非正式文体中，介词没 了 当然，如果在口语或非正式文体中， 能用 有提前，也就没有这点要求了。 有提前，也就没有这点要求了。
定语从句的讲解「最全」
定语从句的讲解「最全」定语从句的讲解「最全」一. 知识疏理：1. 定语从句2. 先行词3. 关系词的用法：包括关系代词与关系副词二. 专题讲解：一. 是定语从句?定语可以由形容词、名词、代词、数词、分词、副词、不定式以及介词短语等来充当，也可以由一个句子来充当。
定语从句用来修饰名词、代词或整个主句。
充当定语功能的句子称为定语从句。
汤姆是一个用功的学生，他在班里总是第一名。
(修饰名词student。
) 80多个国家都在踢足球，因此足球很流行。
(修饰整个主句Football is played over 80 countries。
)三. 先行词与关系词1. 什么是先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词、代词称为先行词。
e.g: Don’t forget 别忘了我让你带的书。
(the book为先行词。
)2. 什么是关系词：引导定语从句的关联词为关系词，分为关系代词与关系副词。
关系代词在定语从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语等，关系副词在定语从句中作状语。
关系代词有：that, which, who, whom, whose……关系副词有：where, when, why, ……e.g: I will never forget the days when I stayed in New York.注意：①关系词一般紧跟在先行词之后引导定语从句。
定语从句总在被修饰的先行词后面。
②在定语从句中，关系代词起着代词和连词的作用，关系副词起着副词和连词的作用。
③在定语从句中，关系词代替先行词，因此在定语从句中不能再重复作用相当于先行词的词。
下面的句子是错误的：This is the right book that you are looking for the book.(应去掉the book。
)This is the right book that you are looking for it.(应去掉it。
)①常见的关系代词②常见的关系副词e.g: Our chemistry teacher is a man can make his class lovely and interesting.我们的化学老师可以使他的课堂生动有趣。
语法专题十 定语从句
语法专题突破
语法专题十
核心考点
定语从句
对应演练
-10-
考点一
考点二
考点三
考点四
考点五
考点六
考点七
考点二
关系代词必须用 that 的情况
1.当先行词是 everything,anything,nothing,something,all,none,few,little,some 等不定代词时, 或当先行词被 every,any,all,some,no,little,few,much 等不定代词修饰时。 We should do all that is useful to the people. 2.先行词被 the only,the very,the same,the last 等修饰时。 This is the last place that I want to visit. 3.先行词是最高级或被最高级修饰时。 This is the best novel that I have ever read. 4.先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰时。 This is the third dictionary that I have used.
语法专题突破
语法专题十
核心考点
定语从句
对应演练
-14-
考点一
考点二
考点三
考点四
考点五
考点六
考点七
考点四
as 与 which 引导非限制性定语从句的区别
1.位置不同。 which 引导的定语从句只置于所限制的句子后;as 引导的 定语从句位置较灵活,也就是说 as 从句可置于所限制的句子前、插在句子 中或放在句子后。 Mike,as you know,is an honest man./Mike is an honest man,as you know./As you know,Mike is an honest man. 2.先行词不同。as 引导非限制性定语从句时,其先行词多为一个句 子;which 引导非限制性定语从句时,其先行词可以是一个词、 一个短语或一 个句子。 As we all know,he is very proud.(先行词为一个句子) He was proud,which his brother never was.(先行词是一个词)
10专题十 定语从句和名词性从句
专题十定语从句和名词性从句高考真题回顾1. A good friend of mine from I was born showed up at my home rightbefore I left for Beijing．(2009年安徽卷27题)A. howB. whomC. whenD. which【考点】本题考查when引导的定语从句。
【解析】本句主语是a friend, good和mine及from when I was born都做friend的定语。
谓语是showed up。
at my home作地点状语，before I left for Beijing作时间状语。
from when I was born是一个含有介词的定语从句，from表示从…,自…，when 表示时间，from when I was born 意思是从我儿时的（出生时的）。
答案选C。
【翻译】就在我准备去北京前，我儿时的一位好朋友到我家里来了。
【扩展】本题除定语从句外，还出现了from表示“从…, 自…﹝表示开始的时刻﹞”的用法，如：From now on, I will only be working in the mornings.从现在起，我将只在上午工作。
另外，还有动词短语leave(left为leave过去时) for表示“前往”。
如I’m going to leave for Shanghai at 7:00 by train this evening.我将乘晚上7点火车去上海。
【脱口而出】2.Many children，parents are away working in big cities，are takengood care of in the village．(2009年安徽卷30题）A．their B．whose C．of them D．with whom【考点】本题考查关系代词whose引导的定语从句。
专题10 定语从句 知识总结-高中英语辅导讲义
专题十定语从句定语可以由形容词、名词、代词、分词、不定式以及介词短语等来担任，也可以由一个句子来充当，充当定语功能的句子称为定语从句。
定语从句“三要素”1.先行词：被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词①指人的先行词②指物的先行词★先行词还可以是前面整个句子所叙述的事情。
He has passed the driving test, which surprises all of us. (which替代前面所叙述的事情)2.关系词：引导定语的词(1)关系词的作用①替代前面的先行词（替代作用）②连接主句和定语从句（连接作用）③在定语从句中作句子成分（成分作用）(2)关系词的分类（根据关系词在从句中做的句子成分分）①关系代词：在从句中做主，宾，表，定（that/which/who/whom/whose/as）②关系副词：在从句中作状语(when/where/why)3.定语从句：用来做定语，修饰限定先行词的句子定语从句的分类1.限制性定语从句：对先行词起限定修饰作用。
He is a teacher who works at our school.2.非限制性定语从句：对先行词起补充说明作用(先行词与定语从句之间有逗号隔开)。
Beijing, which is the capital of China, is a beautiful city with a long history.比较：He has two sons, who work in the same company.(He has only two sons.)He has two sons who work in the same company.(Perhaps he has more sons)定语从句相关知识点一、关系代词的省略(限定性定语从句)1. 关系代词在定语从句中作宾语She is the girl (whom / that) I loved before. (可以省略whom/that)2. 关系代词在定语从句中作表语He is no longer the boy (that) he used to be. (可以省略that)3. 关系代词作介词宾语，介词在从句句尾时可以省略Housing price is a problem (that/which) people are interested in.比较：Housing price is a problem in which people are interested.（此时只能用which且不能省略）二、先行词是人(that/who的区别)1. 用that的情况①以疑问词who开头的句子中Who is the man that is shouting there?②关系代词在从句中作表语时She is not the girl that she used to be.③先行词被the very, the right, the only修饰This is the very person that we are looking for.2. 用who的情况①先行词是one, ones, anybody, all, none, those 等Those who want to go to the cinema will have to wait at the gate of the school.②句子中有两个定语从句,一个用了that,另外一个用whoThe student that won the first prize is the monitor who works hard.③在there be 结构中There are many young men who are against him.④在非限定性定语从句当中Tom, who is my best friend, has gone abroad to study.三、先行词是物(that / which的区别)1. 用which的情况①在非限定性定语从句中She lost the game, which depressed her greatly.②关系词置于介词之后，作宾语The pen with which you writeis Jack’s.③先行词是that或定语从句中套定语从句,一个关系词用that,另一个用which.Let me show you the novel that I borrowed from the library whichis newly open to us.2. 用that的情况①先行词是不定代词如all, little, few, much, anything, everything, nothing, none, no one等She did all that she couldto help us.②先行词被all, every, no, some, little, much, the only, he very, the right, the last等所修饰时This is the very book that I want.③先行词中既有人又有物时She described in her compositions the people and he places that impressed her most.④先行词前有序数词或形容词最高级修饰时This is the best book that I have ever read.This is the first film that I’ve seen since I came here.⑤定语从句中套定语从句，其中一个关系词以用which, 另外一个用thatHe built a factory which produced things that had never been seen before.⑥当主句的主语是疑问词which,另一个用thatWho is the person that is standing at the gate?四、As引导定语从句用法关系代词as既可以引导限制性定语从句，也可以引导非限制性定语从句。
定语从句复习
主语
宾语 定语 指
whose
二.关系副词 When: 指时间 Where: 指地点 Why: 指原因 I will never forget that day when I joined the party. This is the house where he was born. Tell me the reason why you were late this morning.
This is a house in which lives an old man.
Fill in the gaps: 1.The terrible typhoon killed the people and cattle _______ were in the fields. that that 2.The wind blew down the tallest tree _______ is in front of our school gate. 3.This is the very thing ______ that// I was looking for. that// I have ever read. 4.This is the second novel ______ 5.There is nothing in the world _______ can frighten that me. that 6.Who is the man _______ is reading under the tree? 7.My hometown is not the same one _______ that it used to be twenty years ago.
4.I will read as many books as are required. 5. Here is so big a stone as no one can lift. 6 Here is so big a stone that no one can lift it.
高考英语一轮总复习 专题十 定语从句活页练习(含解析)
高考英语一轮总复习专题十定语从句活页练习（含解析）Ⅰ.单项填空1．Sarah Brightman，________ will fly to space in 2015，is the first woman to fly there in the field of music.A．who B．that C．which D．whose答案 A [考查定语从句。
句意：莎拉·布莱曼将于2015年飞往太空，她将是音乐界第一个飞往太空的女士。
句中的先行词为Sarah Brightman且在非限制性定语从句中作主语，所以用who引导。
]2．________ is often the case with old people，my grandfather is fond of doing morning exercises.A．As B．Which C．What D．It答案 A [考查定语从句。
句意：就像其他老人一样，我祖父也喜欢晨练。
此句考查as 引导的非限制性定语从句，as在此指代后面句子的内容，既可位于句首，也可位于句中。
] 3．A lot of lovers chose to get married on Dec.12,2012，________ the date，the month and the year match.A．that B．on whichC．in which D．which答案 B [考查定语从句。
句意：很多恋人选择在2012年12月12日这一天结婚，这是因为在这一天日期、月份与年份都一样。
因为从句缺少时间状语，所以应用which指代先行词；当先行词是某个时期，且年月日完整时，介词应该用on。
故选B。
]4．My favorite writer is Mo Yan，some of ________ novels have a surprising ending. A．whom B．his C．whose D．which答案 C [考查定语从句。
专题十 定语从句-2022年广东高中英语学业水平测试
物
主语、宾语(限制性定语从句中 可省略)
人或物 主语、宾语
The little problems that we meet in our daily lives may be inspirations for great inventions.
在日常生活中我们遇到的小问题可能是伟大发明的 灵感来源。
考点三 “介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句
构成
句法功能
用法指津
名词(代词)＋介 词＋关系代词
主语
可转化为“whose＋名词” 结构
数词(形容词最高 级)＋of＋关系代词
主语
数词还可以用some，many， most，each等不定代词替换
介词(短语)＋关系 代词
状语
关系代词只能用which或 whom且不能省略，但可与 关系副词互换
《今日中国》有着全球的读者群，这说明全球越来 越多的人想要了解中国。
考点六 非限制性定语从句中 as 和 which 的区别
项目
which
as
位置上
只能放在主句的后 面
位置灵活，可位于句首、 句中，也可置于句末
搭配上 无动词的限制
谓语动词通常是表示感觉 或心理活动的动词，如
see，hear，know， expect，remember等
【特别提醒】 “介词＋关系代词”结构中介词的确定 1．依据定语从句中动词的习惯搭配来确定。 I bought a great many books，on which I spent all my money that I saved. 我买了很多书，这些书花光了我的所有积蓄。 2．依据先行词的某种习惯搭配来确定。 I'll never forget the time during which I spent my childhood in the country. 我永远不会忘记我在乡村度过的童年时光。
高中专题讲解-定语从句
课题定语从句教学目标熟悉定语从句的概念、句法结构和作用以及先行词和关系词的位置和作用;掌握关系词在定语从句中的应用技巧学情分析：高考必考知识点，主要考查其基本用法，近几年注重了定语从句在其他从句的混合考查。
其中which（介词+which）和where 的应用应重点理解记忆。
定语从句一．基本概念：A.定语：修饰名词或代词的词、短语或从句。
Gilin is a beautiful city.China is a developing country; America is a developed country.There are thirty women teachers in our school.His rapid progress in English made us surprised.Our monitor is always the first to enter the room.He is reading an article about how to learn English.B.定语从句：在复合句中，修饰一个名词或代词的从句；分类：限定性定语从句—无逗号隔开非限定性定语从句—有逗号隔开在先行词之后（必须）先行词：被定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词；关系词: 引导定语从句的词.关系代词：who, whom, whose, which, that关系词关系副词: when, where, why连接词：as（唯一可置于先行词之前）This is the man who helped Jack yesterday.先行词关系词分析：I work in a company which produces planes.先行词：关系词：关系词的作用引导定语从句代替先行词在句中充当成分关系副词：when(先行词为时间)，where(先行词为地点)，why（先行词为原因），关系副词= 介词+ which/whom.二．定语从句类型概况了解1.The teacher told me that Tom was the only person that I could depend on.2.China is a country which has a long history.3.His mother, who loves him very much, is strict with him.4.China, which was founded in 1949, is becoming more and more powerful.▇什么时候使用非限制定于从句呢？1.关系代词指代整个主句的内容时She said she had finished her work, which I doubted very much.As most people know, Fujian is famous for tea.He was generous with his time, for which I was grateful.他十分慷慨的给予我时间，我为此非常感激。
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专题十定语从句高考试题考点一限制性定语从句1.When I arrived,Bryan took me to see the house I would be staying.(2013新课标全国Ⅱ,4)A.whatB.whenC.whereD.which剖析:C 考查定语从句。
分析句子结构可知,此处为定语从句,先行词是the house,从句中缺少地点状语因此用关系副词where。
【技巧点拨】定语从句关系词的选择,关键是分析从句中所缺少的成分,并结合先行词作出判断。
一定要记住的是what不能引导定语从句。
2. Nowadays people are more concerned about the environment they live.(2013四川,9)A.whatB.whichC.whenD.where剖析:D 考查定语从句。
句意:现在人们更加关心他们所居住的环境。
the environment为先行词,其后的定语从句中缺少地点状语,因此用关系副词where引导定语从句。
3.Finally he reached a lonely island was completely cut off from the outside world.(2013山东,35)A.whenB.whereC.whichD.whom剖析:C 考查定语从句。
句意:最后他到达了一个孤岛,该岛完全与世隔绝。
分析句子结构可知,空处引导定语从句,修饰先行词island,并在从句中作主语,所以选C。
4.He wrote a letter he explained what had happened in the accident.(2013江西,33)A.whatB.whichC.whereD.how剖析:C 考查定语从句。
句意:他写了一封信,在信中他解释了那起事故中发生的事情。
后句中有主语,有宾语,缺少的是状语。
where在这里相当于in which,表示在信中,引导定语从句。
故选C项。
【技巧点拨】解答该类题目时,首先看从句中缺少什么句子成分,由此来确定是选关系代词还是关系副词,然后根据句子要表达的意义,选择合适的关联词。
5.Many countries are now setting up national parks animals and plants can be protected.(2013北京,27)A.whenB.whichC.whoseD.where剖析:D 句意:眼下,许多国家正在建立一些国家公园,动物和植物在那儿可以得到保护。
分析结构可知,此处是考查定语从句的引导词,先行词为national parks,定语从句中缺少地点状语,要用where来引导。
故选D项。
6.The book tells stories of the earthquake through the eyes of those lives were affected.(2013福建,27)A.whoseB.thatC.whoD.which剖析:A 考查定语从句。
句意:这本书通过那些生活受到影响的人的视角讲述了地震的故事。
those表示“那些人”,而在定语从句中缺乏的成分意思应是“那些人的”,所以只有关系代词whose符合题意,故选A项。
7.The museum will open in the spring with an exhibition and a viewing platform visitors can watch the big glasshouses being built.(2013浙江,13)A.whatB.whereC.whenD.why剖析:B 本题考查定语从句。
题干的意思是:“博物馆将在春季开放,届时将有一个展览,还有一个观光平台,在这里参观者可以观看大玻璃房的建筑安装。
”分析句子结构可知, visitors can watch the big glasshouses being built为定语从句,a viewing platform为定语从句的先行词,从句缺少地点状语,要用where引导,所以正确选项为B项。
【技巧点拨】定语从句类试题的解题方法:先找准先行词,关系词根据先行词而定。
指人就用who,whom。
指物时如果是限定性的就用that,非限定性的就用which,介词后一般用which。
what不能引导定语从句。
定语从句不缺少主语、宾语和表语时,指时间就用when,指地点就用where。
8.Sales director is a position communication ability is just as important as sales skills.(2012重庆,29)A.whichB.thatC.whenD.where剖析:D 考查定语从句。
句意:销售经理是一个职位,在这个职位上,交流能力和销售能力一样重要。
“position”为先行词,后面是其定语从句,代入定语从句后为:Communication ability is just as important as sales skills in the position.由此可见,先行词与介词in 一起作状语,故排除A、B两项;position在本句中表示“模糊化的地点”,故答案为D项。
9.We live in an age more information is available with greater ease than ever before.(2012浙江,9)A.whyB.whenC.to whomD.on which剖析:B 考查定语从句。
句意:我们生活在这样的一个时代,在这个时代我们比以前更容易得到更多的信息。
when引导定语从句,在从句中作时间状语,修饰先行词an age(时代)。
10.She has a gift for creating an atmosphere for her students allows them to communicate freely with each other.(2011福建,24)A.whichB.whereC.whatD.who剖析:A 句意:她有为学生营造一种良好氛围的天赋,这种氛围能够令学生交流自如。
先行词是atmosphere(气氛),是物,而定语从句又缺少主语,所以用which;先行词是人时,才能用who;where引导定语从句时,在从句中作状语;what不能引导定语从句。
11.The old town has narrow streets and small houses are built close to each other.(2011山东,32)A.theyB.whereC.whatD.that剖析:D 句意:这座古镇拥有窄巷小舍,它们彼此紧邻。
先行词为small houses,定语从句中缺少主语,故用关系代词that。
they是代词不能引导从句,where是关系副词,在从句中充当地点状语,what不引导定语从句。
12.The days are gone physical strength was all you needed to make a living.(2011天津,10)A.whenB.thatC.whereD.which剖析:A 句意:体力是你赖以生存的唯一手段的日子一去不复返了。
句中days是先行词,定语从句中缺少状语,所以用关系副词when,在从句中充当时间状语。
13.The prize will go to the writer story shows the most imagination.(2011全国Ⅰ,31)A.thatB.whichC.whoseD.what剖析:C 句意:奖品将发给作品最能展示其想象力的作者。
whose引导定语从句,且在定语从句中作定语修饰story,whose story相当于the story of whom。
14.That’s the new machine parts are too small to be seen.(2010山东,24)A.thatB.whichC.whoseD.what剖析:C 句意:那就是那台零部件小得几乎看不见的新机器。
whose引导定语从句,且在定语从句中作定语修饰parts。
考点二非限制性定语从句1.“You can’t judge a book by its cover,”.(2013新课标全国Ⅰ,33)A.as the saying goes oldB.goes as the old sayingC.as the old saying goesD.goes as old the saying剖析:C 考查非限制性定语从句。
句意:正如古语所说,“你不能以貌取人”。
此处关系词引导非限制性定语从句,修饰前面的整个句子,意为“正如”,因此用as。
2.There is no simple answer, is often the case in science.(2013山东,31)A.asB.thatC.whenD.where剖析:A 考查非限制性定语从句。
句意:没有简单的答案,这在科学中是常有的事。
分析句子结构可知,该题为非限制性定语从句,所填的词在从句中作主语。
that不能引导非限制性定语从句;where和when不能作主语,所以选as。
3. is often the case with children,Amy was better by the time the doctor arrived.(2013陕西,16)A.ItB.ThatC.WhatD.As剖析:D 考查非限制性定语从句。
句意:正如(其他)孩子经常出现的情况一样,医生到达时,Amy(比之前)好多了。
根据句意并分析句子成分可知,空处引导一个非限制性定语从句,指代后面整个句子,又因为在句首,所以要用as引导该定语从句,as在从句中作主语。
【技巧点拨】做定语从句的选择题时,要先区分限制性定语从句及非限制性定语从句;再看从句中缺少什么成分;最后看先行词是人还是物。
4.Mo Yan was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 2012, made one of the Chinese people’s long-held dreams come true.(2013安徽,29)A.itB.thatC.whatD.which剖析:D 考查定语从句的引导词。
句意:莫言获得了2012年诺贝尔文学奖,这使中国人民长久以来的一个梦想得以实现。