Unit 3 B商务英语阅读
商务英语unit3课文译文及练习答案
第三章市场营销学习目标：1、了解市场营销的定义2、了解市场营销的组合策略3、掌握市场细分和市场定位的方法课文一市场营销概述大约十年以前，如果你问IBM的高层管理人员他们是做什么的，他们可能会回答：“我们销售电脑的硬件和软件。
”由于缺乏市场远见，以产品为中心的IBM 公司没有注重客户的需求。
因此，当客户需求改变的时候，IBM却没有进行相应的调整，公司的业绩也大幅度下滑。
到90年代初期，大企业的市场份额和蓝筹股价急剧下跌。
在这段经济低靡的时期，IBM进行了一场具有重大意义的改革：所有的高层管理人员在与重要客户面谈之后，将客户的问题和要求上报给公司。
其实，在计算机市场，客户不但要从公司购买电脑的硬件和软件，更重要的是他们需要购买到能解决大量信息技术问题的方案。
现在，如果你要IBM的管理人员给他们的业务下个定义，他们会告诉你：“我们为客户的任何问题提供解决方案。
”大公司营销策略的转变取得了巨大的成功。
那么，什么是市场营销呢？市场营销的定义美国市场营销协会将市场营销的定义为：计划和执行观念，商品和服务的构思，定价、促销和分销以便产生满足个人、组织和社会目标的交易的过程。
IBM的营销经理们如果想要取得好的销售成绩，他们必须要明白客户的需要就是他们的目标。
如果不遵循这一原则，他们生产出来的产品将一无是处，也无人问津。
“找到客户的需求并且尽力满足”就是市场营销的主旨，换句话说，就是要“找到一个市场，并为其服务。
”市场营销组合策略一旦确定了客户的需求，营销人员就应该尽力满足这些要求，有四点需要注意，第一，要求生产出合适的产品，这是物质基础。
要使产品能尽量接近客户的要求，企业就要通过改变现有产品类型、改进产品的特点和包装或用另一种方法来描述这个产品等方式生产出“量体裁衣”型的产品。
第二点是关于交付货物的整个体系：生产者必须及时将货物运至消费者可以购买到的地方。
第三点就是消费者可以通过广告被告知这个商品的用途，营销人员应该与客户沟通，并说服他们购买。
新编商务英语阅读教程Unit 3 Text B
whelmingly 压倒地，无法抵抗地 enhance 加强 downplay 贬低，不予重视 mouth-watering 非常好吃的，令人垂涎的 glimpse一瞥，一看 unprecedented 空前的 double-decker双层三明治 sloppy 邋遢的，马虎的
By Jack
revamp 改进，修补 decline下降; upheaval突变，剧变 takeover 接管; （经营权等的）接收;收购; perception知觉; 觉察（力）; 观念; stem （花草的）茎; 词干; 阻止，遏制 random 随机的 patronized光顾，惠顾 patron 老主顾 word-of-mouth 口头传述的，口碑
franchisee 特许经营权 aircraft carrier 航空母舰 flame-broiling 火焰烧烤的 self-concept 自我概念 treatment 处理; 待遇，对待 set… apart 隔离开 boost 提高 hip臀部;时髦的 saturation （达到）饱和状态;
burger king’s management changes of Marketing mix in Buiger King.
The
Passage
one
Reading
text A in unit4, answer the following question: 1, What are Ryder System’s strengths and what are its weakness? 2, In what cases do you think it is suitable to use mass selling? 3, What are the advantages and disadvantages of using publicity in the promotional mix?
商务英语阅读unit3翻译
Unit11. After months of researching Northwestern on the Web and grilling friends, teachers and advisers who had gone there, Maxine pinned her hopes on getting accepted.经过数月在网上搜索并研究NW大学和仔细询问到访过NW大学的朋友、老师和顾问，Maxine 最终希望自己能被NW大学录取。
2. For students like Maxine who are applying to college for next fall, that dream is turning out to be frustratingly unobtainable. It turns out the odds of getting into a selective college have never been worse.对于像Maxine一样正在申请秋季入学的学生来说，他们会沮丧地发现这一梦想难以实现。
考入一所名校的机会从未如此渺茫。
3. But admissions directors are already worrying about the shrinking pool of future applicants, especially the sliver of those who can afford to foot the $40,000 annual tab.---但是招生主管们已经开始担忧申请者数量缩减的问题，尤其是为数不多的每年有能力支付4万美元的那部分申请者。
4. Those who left private schools in the 1980s and 1990s can expect to earn 35% more in life than the average product of a state school, they found, around half of which can be attributed to education, not background.20世纪80年代和90年代中期的私立学校毕业生能够期望一生的收入比国立中学的普通毕业生多35%，他们发现这其中大约一半可以归因于他们所受的教育，而非背景。
商务英语阅读教程3UNIT3TradeDisputes
贸易争端将迎来2008贸易政策的前景，今年的严峻，虽然齐心协力，被许多商人在方法上的改变可能阻止倒退到贸易保护主义。
在美国，经济恶化的消息再加上即将举行的选举保证慢，如果有的话，在世界范围内减少贸易壁垒，增加对美国公司的市场准入进度。
在世界各地，这些底片是由恐惧不断扩大中国的出口，缺乏在世界贸易组织（WTO ）多哈谈判的政治意愿，并不愿意在没有总统的快速的贸易伙伴作出让步到美国的强化跟踪谈判授权（又名贸易促进权）。
会有因经济和政治气候和缺乏在多哈谈判取得突破的紧张局势今年。
将会有关于所采取的行动（而不是取），因为这紧张的结果分歧。
现在的问题是，他们将如何将这些分歧进行管理，以及是否导致贸易纠纷。
默认选项是在纠纷显著增加，随着美国和其贸易伙伴的焦点会导致保护主义和歧视性政策。
大多数人会从长远来看，如果失去这种情况发生。
现在的挑战是分析多边贸易体系将面临和发展战略，以限制所产生的危害，并作为垫脚石恢复进度，当全球经济和政治气候改善的困难。
从历史上看，贸易自由化努力取得成功的只有在一个健康的全球经济气候（在乌拉圭回合谈判在1990年代初建立世界贸易组织）或经济大灾难后（总协定关税与贸易，或关贸总协定，二战结束后）。
在这种时候，政府和企业专注于必要的讨价还价，以实现更大的全球自由化。
给人以这一概念得到- 的减少你的一些贸易壁垒来保护别人的减少更感兴趣的领域，你，确认和采取行动。
那些失去保护不喜欢它，但亲自由化的力量是强大的。
相反，在有问题的经济气候，怕给人占主导地位。
政客听到更多来自选民谴责收入进口（现在全球化）和就业的不利影响比他们从那些寻求给予或接受扩大市场准入做。
在美国，这种转变是明显的在2006年的国会选举。
它每天都变得更加明显，因为经济成长放缓的迹象。
两党努力制定一个一揽子计划是值得欢迎的，但他们是极不可能提高贸易政策的画面。
与此同时，对于有利于贸易的国会多数的前景是零，而且，虽然许多美国总统候选人的保护主义论调是只是说说而已，对于一个贸易型的管理，前景是不确定的，最好的。
《商务英语综合教程》 Unit (3)
● A company decides the
of employees they are looking
to hire and the
they require of these employees.
● The company tries to reach a pool of candidates through
1. candidate A. an elaborate and systematic plan of action
2. recruitment
B. any distinct time period in a sequence of events
3. strategy
C. someone who is considered for something (for an office or prize or honor, etc.)
◆ Additional Reading E. Highlights Vocabulary Suggested Answers
Teaching Objectives
• 1. to learn positions in organizations and their corresponding qualities required;
● Using LinkedIn
●
● Interview Process
●
Matching
Please match the vocabulary on column A with the corresponding English meanings on column B.
Column A
Column B
• 2. to learn the types and steps of recruiting and hiring;
商务英语谈判unit 3 Receiving Guests
8. 吃中国餐时先上冷盘，主菜和汤随后上。 Cold dishes are starters at a Chinese dinner. Main courses and soup come later.
9. Glad you could make it today.
10. They toasted the signing of the new agreement.
11. Let’s drink to our friendships.
12. We have pleasure in inviting you to our tonight’s reception party.
Unit 3 Receiving Guests
9. 您能告诉我这是什么菜吗？这是烤鸭，是本地的特色菜。 Could you tell what this is ? It is roast duck, specialty of this region.
10. 我们都应该承认这些文化差异，尊重这些差异，以免产 生以解，这很重要。 It is important for all of us to acknowledge and respect these cultural differences in order to avoid misunderstanding.
5. 圆圆的月亮象征着圆满，进而象征着家庭团聚。 The round moon is a symbol for completeness, and by extension, family reunion.
Unit 3 Receiving Guests
商务英语阅读 unit 3
II. Match the English phrases to the Chinese equivalents.
( I ) 1. skimming pricing ( J ) 2. profit-maximization ( G ) 3. sales volume ( E ) 4. price elasticity ( A ) 5. profit margin ( F ) 6. domestic price ( H ) 7. penetration pricing ( C ) 8. gross profit ( B ) 9. quoted price ( D ) 10. current price
商务英语阅读(第二版) 王关富 Unit3Time to rebalanc 课后答案e
Unit 3Time to rebalanceExercises1.Answer the questions on the text.1)How did Steve Hilton feel when Lehman Brothers collapsed?The world was coming to an end.2)What did Mr. Hilton do to save his company?(1)Giving up options to buy thousands of lots.(2)Laying off 3/4 of his employees.(3)Redesigning his houses to cut construction cost.(4)Serving customers with guaranteed payment.3)In what sense America as a country is similar to Mr. Hilton’s company?Dismissing workers in the whole country and experiencing one of the worst economic recessions in history.4)What does “the biggest transformations” mean?Macroeconomically, the US will change from debt and consumption to saving and exports.Microeconomically, Americans will have different lifestyles and do different jobs in different places.5)According to the McKinsey Global Institute, what is the common practice ofconsumers during economic crises?Consumers generally try to cut their debt to more manageable levels.6)What is the major difference between credit cards and charge cards?Both are a line of credit for a customer. For a credit card, the customer can choose to pay in full or partially at the end of a month. When paying partially, the customer can pay interest on the balance until it is paid in full. Some people just keep making partial payments and pay interest on credit cards for years and years.But for a charge card, the customer has to pay the entire amount off each time he/she receives a bill. It is not allowed to make a partial payment and no interest is involved.7)How is the current recession different from the previous ones?It was triggered by a financial crisis that made it impossible to channel savings to productive investment and left customers and enterprises struggling with things from the boom.8)What is the dilemma the Obama administration in concerning the stimulus?On the one hand, the administration expects to reduce federal deficit. On the other hand, it worries that the withdrawing the stimulus may push the American economy back into recession.9)What are the reasons for economic restructuring according to the report?Tighter credit, lower consumer borrowing, and higher energy prices.10)What is said about business investment?It is expected to be robust, especially for equipment. But it can never substituteconsumer spending.11)What changes have occurred in the United States in terms of consumption?(1)American consumers spend less but save more.(2)American companies thus look to an export boom abroad.(3)The US has changed from a consuming nation to an exporting economy,accounting for only 27% of global consumption this year, much less than that of emerging markets.12)What makes the report optimistic about the American economy?(1)The US has been increasing exports abroad, particularly emerging markets.(2)America’s current-account deficit dropped from 6% to 3%.(3)American firms are busy preparing for their investment.2.Fill in each blank of the following sentences with one of the phrases in the listgiven below. Make changes when necessary.1)Investors from big cities are quick to snap up real estates in this booming townfor their rising future values.2)There are already clear signals that the investors will shift away from thefinancial firm in legal trouble.3)High input costs are likely to put pressure on steel prices in the domestic marketeven if demand still remains high.4)The prime minister said Thursday that a new international airport will be built inthe southern city to cater to the rising number of passengers and air cargoes there.5)Many economists fear that the contraction of money supply may dry up financingneeded for various economic activities.6)Professor Nil was, however, quick to warn the public to be on their guard againstthose counterfeits already in circulation.7)Academy Awards, Emmy Awards and dozens of prestigious awards fromprominent film festivals around the world attest to the stellar quality of the films being featured at the annual World Community Film Festival.8) A neighborhood group in the district plans to hold a fundraiser to help childrenpay off overdue book fines so that they can resume using their library.9)The writer’s fame shrank last year because the public thought he was knockingout so many things.10)Business leaders have urged the government to snap up farmland overseas togrow basic staples as a buffer against soaring food prices.11)The Vancouver team vowed to get back to doing the little things right and knew itwould add up to big things.12)What has happened over the past few years indicates that great political, socialand economic transformations are in the making.3.Match the terms in column A with the definitions in column B.A_______________________ B________________________________________1)emerging market A) A contract that permits the owner, depending onthe type of option held, to purchase or sell anasset at a fixed price until a specific date.62)profit margin B) A theoretical construct that represents economicprocesses by a set of variables and a set of logicaland quantitative relationships between them.10 3)consumer spending C) An economy, with fast growth rate but low tomiddle per capita income, has opened up itsmarket and integrated itself into the globaleconomy.14)consumerism D) The process of moving from a period of lossesor low profitability into a more profitable stagefor a firm, industry or economy.85)disposable income E) Ratio of profit after taxes to cost-of-sales, oftenexpressed as a percentage, measuring theprofitability of a firm and indicating its coststructure.26)option F) Portion of the balance of payments consistingof exports and imports of goods and services, aswell as transfer payments such as foreign aidgrants. 97)economic restructuring G) The amount of money spent by households,measured monthly, making up an important partof an economy.38)turnaround H) The phenomenon of an economy shifting froma manufacturing to a service sector economicbase. 79)current account I) A movement equating personal happiness withpurchasing material possessions andconsumption. 410)economic model J) The amount of income left to an individualafter taxes have been paid, available forspending and saving. 54.Translate the following passage into Chinese:目前石油价格飞涨，接近110美元一桶，食品和其他货物的成本也随之上涨。
《商务英语阅读课件》商务英语阅读unit_3
A type of financing that whereby a bank gives an exporter cash up front so as to guarantee payment to them. Used primarily when export traders deal with high risk countries.
*Bear market（熊市）
Syndicated loan 辛迪加贷款/ 银团贷款
Large loan arranged jointly by two or more financial institutions to share the risk involved. Also called multibank credit or syndicated credit.
II 1. identify with all the steps
2. pull put
3. wore on 4. prospects
5. when it comes to 6. entail
7. confuse…with
III Translation
1. 许多人不够投入，缺乏热情，没有做 好不允许失败的思想准备， 没有意识到 求职时一个数字游戏。
3. Why is handling layoffs on a Tuesday or Wednesday goo for employees?
1. Be direct in telling people the company can no longer employ them and explain in detail the financial hardship causing the need for layoffs. At the same time, refrain from talking about other employees’ situations.
新编商务英语阅读教程练习参考答案
《新编商务英语阅读教程》(第二版)练习参考答案(总24页)--本页仅作为文档封面，使用时请直接删除即可----内页可以根据需求调整合适字体及大小--《新编商务英语阅读教程》（第二版）练习参考答案Unit OneI.1. 资产C2. 边际变动E3. 市场势力I4. 劳动生产力（率）J5. 经济学A6. 市场失灵G7. 市场经济F8. 机会成本D9. 通货膨胀K10. 外部性H11. 效率B12. 菲利普斯曲线LII.Passage One经济学的研究主要分为两部分：宏观经济学与微观经济学。
宏观经济学着眼于经济全局——一幅宏观的画面。
在宏观经济学中，我们研究国家的政策目标，例如充分就业、抑制通货膨胀、经济增长等，而不考虑个人或者单个团体的利益和行为。
对宏观经济学的关注是为了从总体上认识并改善经济的运行。
微观经济学则关注宏观画面中的细节。
在微观经济学中，我们着眼于实际构成宏观经济的个人、厂商和政府机构。
我们感兴趣的是这些独立经济单位的行为。
他们的目标何在以有限资源实现目标的途径是什么如何对各种激励和机会做出反应宏观经济学主要关注，例如，总消费性支出对总产出、就业及物价的影响。
很少关注消费性支出及其决定因素的实际内涵。
相反，微观经济学关注的是个体消费者具体的支出决策及其影响因素（爱好、物价水平、收入状况）。
宏、微观经济学的区别还反映在关于企业投资的讨论中。
宏观经济学中，我们需要了解决定企业总投资率的因素以及这些投资对一国的总产出、就业及物价水平产生影响的路径。
而微观经济学中，我们关注的是各家企业关于生产率、生产要素的抉择以及具体物品的定价决策。
了解宏、微观经济学的区别并非难事。
在现实社会，宏观经济的表现有赖于微观行为，而微观行为又受宏观经济表现的影响。
因此，人们只有了解了所有经济活动的参与者的行为方式及其成因，才能充分了解整个经济的运作方式。
但是，就如你会开车而不懂发动机的构造原理那样，你能观察到经济运行方式但并不能完全解开其中奥秘。
商务英语Unit 3 参考答案
Unit 3 TravelPart I Business V ocabularyDirections: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. This part totals 20 points, one point for each sentence.1 As someone who has _______B________ Emirates in the past year, you will have experienced our outstanding service to the Middle East.A takenB flownC byD via2 But were you aware that Emirates also flies to an extensive network of major _____A__________ all around the world?A destinationsB placesC citiesD regions3 By filling in the ______B________ questionnaire, you’ll be helping us with our research on your views as a business traveler, as well as providing an update for our database.A enclosingB enclosedC to encloseD being enclosed4 This will ______D_________ that we only send out information and offers that are relevant to you personally.A sureB reassureC assureD ensure5 I do hope you find the information in it interesting and that you take _______D_________ of our free flight offer.A pleasureB useC interestD advantage6 As a business traveler we need you to tell us about your views, requirements and habits in _______B_________ of business travel.A viewB termsC useD flight7 So by picking up a pen and filling in the attached questionnaire, you will be doing us a great _____A_______ too.A favorB helpC assistanceD facilitation8 Delta Air Lines crew suffer 100 verbal and physical ________D________ a month, while cabin crews in some airlines are seeking early retirement at 50 because of their stressful work.A flightsB fightsC beatingD assaults9 IDP is a computer software company _______D__________ in Los Angels, USA.A operatedB operatingC basingD based10 They will expect to relax, enjoy the ______C__________ of the hotel, explore thesurrounding area, and have a really good time.A facilitiesB equipmentC amenitiesD infrastructure11 Thank you for your letter of February 8 informing us _______C_____ the packingdetails.A aboutB forC ofD by12 ____C____ reply, we are now confirming the acceptance of your modes of packing.A ForB AtC InD On13 For your information, we have _____A_______ our bank to open an irrevocableletter of creditA instructedB informedC advisedD notified14 We would appreciate _____C______ if you could ship the order as scheduled.A themB youC itD whom15 We are looking forward to ____B______ the consignment in prime condition.A receivedB receivingC receiveD to receive16 We can supply all the bicycles you required ____B________ stock and arearranging shipment by M.V. Mermaid.A forB fromC toD against17 ____B_____ stipulated in our Sales Confirmation No. 593, each bicycle isenclosed in a corrugated cardboard pack.A SinceB AsC ForD Because18 We would like to remind you that the _____A_____ L/C must reach us beforeMarch10 so that we can make shipment in good time.A coveringB coverC coveredD being covered19 We are now confirming the prices ____C______ on the fax of June 15 for ourPhoenix range.A quotingB to quoteC quotedD being quoted20 We have _____D______ every possible precaution to make sure of safetransportation of our products.A preparedB givenC conductedD takenPart II Phrase TranslationDirections: Directions: There are 20 Chinese phrases in this part. You are required to translate them into English and write down your translation on the Answer Sheet. This part totals 20 points, one point for each phrase.1 经济舱Economy Class2 商务舱Business Class3 远东Far East4 中东Middle East5 重要目的地major destinations6 免费优惠券free voucher7 抽奖prize draw8 酒店住宿hotel accommodation9 时差综合症jet lag10 商务之旅business travel11 新产品系列new collection12 全球问题a world-wide problem13 身体攻击physical assaults14 大众旅游mass travel15 安全问题safety issue16 高档区域exclusive area17 机票费air fare18 销售税sales tax19 软件公司software company20 团队建设研讨会a team-building seminarPart III Sentence TranslationDirections: There are 10 sentences in this part. You are required to translate them into Chinese and write down your translation on the Answer Sheet. This part totals 20 points, two points for each sentence.1.As someone who has flown Emirates in the past year, you will have experiencedour outstanding service to the Middle East.作为去年乘坐过阿联酋航空公司航班的乘客，您已经体验了我们公司中东之行的杰出服务。
unit3propertyboom高级综合商务英语答案
Unit 3 Property BoomText AI. Reading Comprehension1.Determine whether the following statements are true or false. Write a T fortrue, an F for false, and an NG for not given.1) F 2) T 3) F 4) F 5) NG 6) F 7) T 8) F 9) T 10) T2.Essay Questions1)We can see from the index that for the first 100 years or so, prices go up and downbut gain very little overall. However, starting in the late 1990s, house prices began to soar unprecedentedly. Then after hitting the summit in the middle of the first decade of the new century, it started to plummet.2)Because property loans are relatively light on capital and backed by real assets. Inretail banking mortgages are thought to anchor long-term relationships with customers. And lending on commercial property is big enough for sales teams to meet their targets.3)The first lever is the institutional framework controlled by thegovernment—things like tax breaks, housing subsidies, land supply and the laws on recourse in the event of default. The second lever is the system of mortgage financing. And the third lever is the idea of macroprudential regulation which is already common in some parts of the world.4)It deprives first-time buyers and the self-employed of their right to raise a bankloan. As a consequence, they are encouraged to seek more expensive and unsecured method of financing. Some lenders also fret that if underwriting becomes too prescriptive, borrowers are relieved of taking responsibility for their own actions.5)Thanks to transaction taxes, property bubbles are helpful to exchequers and thejob markets when the property boom is under way.II.Blank-filling: Complete the following sentences with the words given in the box. Change the form when necessary.1) replicate 2) fiscal 3) discretionary 4) unsustainable 5) volatile 6) transferable 7) mandate 8) default 9) liquidity 10) dampened III. Paraphrasing1.Rewriting: Rewrite the underlined part of each sentence in your own words.1) It is not easy to find out the reasons for the property bubble, but few would dispute that easy credit played a part in driving up prices and making the bust worse.2) Imposing rigid limits on how much people can borrow either disenfranchises some—first-time buyers and the self-employed tend to suffer most—or increases the risks for those resorting to a more expensive, unsecured way of financing in order to bypass the regulation.3) Despite the evidence of Mr. Shiller’s chart, lots of financiers and politicians tried to convince themselves that things were not that bad this time.4) Still, it is relatively easy to cool down the property booms in emerging markets, where there are usually more people to help into homes than there are existing homeowners.5) Therefore financial regulators should be given clear authorized power to resist the pressures they will face when the next boom is under way.2. Sentence Transformation: Complete the following sentences based on the structures given.1) Only if basic guarantee standards continue to be met, can more liberal financing regimes be a good thing (ask any young Italian who wants to buy a home).2) long-term fixed-rate mortgages are adopted by the Danish system, just like the American one, to protect borrowers from the risks of interest-rate fluctuation.3) It is also worried by some lenders that if banks impose too strict rules to guarantee the payment of loans, the borrowers would not bear responsibility for their own actions.4) Different from the universal excessiveness of property everywhere, the policy response to the property booms in the past decade will and should not be the same in different countries.5) In order to lower the amount of debt which is unavoidable in property, banks have to increase the amount of equity they hold.IV.Translation1.Sentence Translation1) 在银行的零售业务中，抵押贷款被认为是一项能有助于银行与客户建立长期关系的业务。
商务英语基础 Unit 3 Business Dinner 商务晚餐
Choosing Game
Grammar
A 6. When were you born? I was born _________. A. on July 3rd, 1973 B. in July 3, 1973 C. on July 3, 1973 D. in July 3rd, 1973 B 7. There are ________months in a year. December is the ________month of the year. A. twelve; twelve B. twelve; twelfth C. twelfth; twelve D. twelve; twelveth B 8. During ________century, the world population has already reached 6 billions. A. twenty B. the twentieth C. twentieth D. the twenty B 9. Sunday is the _________day of the week. A. seventh B. first C. second D. third D of the 10.I bought a big fridge, which occupied about ________ space in my kitchen. A. two five B. two fifth C. second fifth D. two fifths
Unit 3
Business Dinner
Brainstorming
Unit 3 Business Dinner
Listening
Speaking Business Reading
新编剑桥商务英语中级第三部课本阅读原题与答案
(2) __P__la_n__f_o_r__d_is_a__s_te__r__
Always discuss the worst-case scenarios. When Margaret Mills, a teacher, lost her jobshare partner because of a family illness, a return to full-time work seemed inevitable. ‘We had been over-optimistic. I did manage to find someone else who fitted in with me, but I was very lucky.
2.1 Reading
Task 2
Is Working for Xerox Too Good to Be True?
Task 1: Read the following article. What benefits and incentives does the article mention for employees at Xerox?
商务英语阅读教程——参考译文
参考译文Unit 1 参考译文国际商务的范围国际商务是指任何类型的跨国商务活动。
它可以分为4种类型: 对外贸易、服务贸易、有价证券投资和直接投资。
在对外贸易中，国与国之间从事有形货物或商品的进出口业务。
进出口贸易构成了世界上大多数国家最基本的国际商务活动。
除货物和商品进出口贸易外,国家之间还进行服务贸易，如保险、金融、饭店、咨询、旅游及运输。
跨国公司就因在别国提供服务而得到报酬。
国际有价证券投资指在别国进行的金融投资。
投资者购买企业股票和长期债券，无非是为了谋求投资回报。
有价证券投资者的目标不是控制一个企业，他们随时可按市场行情兑现他们所投的资金。
海外直接投资是指在国外建厂或建立销售网络。
投资者可购买外国公司现有的全部或部分资产，以控制或部分控制该公司的销售、生产、科研和发展。
从历史的角度来看，国际商务并非新鲜事物。
它已有上千年的历史，尽管其形式、方法及重要性在不断演变。
在古代，希腊人就在地中海地区从事贸易活动。
在历史的长河中，随着复杂的商务技巧不断出现，商业持续不断的发展，从而促进了货物、资源、资金在国家间的流动。
工业革命提供了大规模生产方法和大规模市场，从而进一步促进了国际商务的发展。
随着工业化水平的提高，对供给、原料、劳动力和运输的需求也日益增大。
20 世纪以来，事实证明，广泛的商务关系覆盖全球。
由于商务实体越来越认识到它们的市场是全球性的，而不仅仅在国内，所以产品、资本和人员比以往任何时候都更紧密地联系在一起。
随着商务活动的范围跨出国界，银行和金融机构接踵而至，以满足商务活动为世界性的投资和经营所需要的资金。
金融市场之间的联系也变得非常纷繁复杂。
美国股市的走向和变化会直接影响到世界上其他地区的产权投资市场。
如今，只有目光短浅的商人才会相信，一个企业在本国市场范围内完全可以实现发展和繁荣。
国内商界起码必须认识到市场竞争的国际根源，因为竞争的根源一直存在，并且日益成为国内商界的威胁。
在世界市场和经济的动态中，这些变化的根源就是世界范围寻求的国际商务活动。
商务英语阅读(专业篇) unit 3
Reading Practice
Text A
Concept and Development of E--Commerce
Reading Practice
Text A
Concept
Electronic commerce can be defined as the carrying out of once manual business transactions between cooperating parties using electronic means. The two main current classifications of ecommerce are business-to-business and business-to-consumer transactions. It involves more than the simple buying and selling of commodities and services - it includes such activities as share trading, ①electronic funds transfer, bills of lading, direct marketing to the consumer, and after-sales services, to mention but a few. New applications are being introduced on a daily basis.
Reading Practice
Development of E -commerce
Text A
E-commerce applications started in the early 1970s, with such innovations as ②Electronic Fund Transfer (EFT). However, the extent of the applications was limited to large corporations, financial institutions, and a few daring small business. Then came ③Electronic Data Interchange (EDI), which expanded from financial transactions to other transaction processing and enlarged the participating companies from financial institutions to manufacturers, retailers, services, and so on.
商务英语阅读教程3 课后翻译
Unit 1Text A1. 经过数月在网上搜寻并研究西北大学和仔细询问到访过西北大学的朋友、老师和咨询顾问,玛克辛最终希望自己能被西北大学录取。
2. 对于像玛克辛一样正在申请秋季入学的学生来说,他们会沮丧地发现这一梦想难以实现。
考入一所知名院校的机会从未如此渺茫。
3. 但是招生主管们已经开始担忧申请者数量缩减的问题,尤其是为数不多的每年有能力支付4 万美金费用的那部分申请者。
Text B1. 20 世纪80 年代和90 年代初期,私立中学的毕业生一生的预期收入比公立中学的普通毕业生多35%,研究人员发现这其中大约一半可以归因于他们所接受的教育,而非他们的背景。
2. 研究人员也尽量精确地描述私立中学施展魔力的办法:凭借更优秀的考试成绩,而不是凭借关系网带来的各种机会或者质量更高的诸如礼仪或领导方法等软技巧的教学。
3. 一位知情人士认为如下的操作不太可能:许多父母通过再抵押贷款来支付学费,但由于不稳定的房价和银行日益紧缩的信贷条件,这条路很快就走不通了。
Unit 2Text A1. 随着金砖四国(巴西、俄罗斯、印度和中国)以及其他新兴市场的经济影响力和自信不断增强,发展重点方面的差异一定会变得越来越重要。
2. 非政府组织试图提高贫困人民的生活水平,公司则渴望赢得具有巨大增长潜力的市场中的消费者,非政府组织和公司之间存在着利益趋同现象。
3. 要签署加入《联合国全球契约》,公司只需承诺履行十大主要准则，例如提高环保的责任意识,反对腐败,并且每年汇报一次他们所取得的进展。
Text B1. 在为数不多的出类拔萃、堪称日本企业典范的跨国公司中，索尼一直居于领导者的地位，从特丽珑电视到索尼随身听，这些产品的成功代表了电子消费品的品质，但这个品牌正随着过去成功势头的消退而日渐衰落。
2. 出井伸之提前一年离职的决定表明公司可能比预想的还要糟糕，而他定下的 2007 年利润恢复至 10%的目标更是遥不可及。
3. 年复一年，扩张造成了行动缓慢的大型化趋向，并且索尼公司也成了日本企业界停滞不前的案例。
商务英语阅读unit 3
Content
Text Fast Reading I Fast Reading II
TEXT Globalization and its Impact on the Business
Pre-reading questions:
1．What does globalization mean in practice? 2．Does globalization intensify or relieve competition?
economic order.
It is not new, though. For thousands of years, people—and, later, corporations—have been buying from and selling to each other in lands at great distances, such as through the famed Silk Road across Central Asia that connected China and Europe during the Middle Ages. Likewise, for centuries, people and corporations have invested in enterprises in other countries. In fact, many of the features of the current wave of globalization are similar to those prevailing before the outbreak of the First World War in 1914.
In the twentieth century, the move toward international cooperation among trading nations was manifested in the negotiation of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT).International trade had ground to a halt following World War I when nations followed the example set by the U.S. and then, other countries erected high tariff walls and international trade was stalled, along with most economics. GATT therefore, provided a forum for member countries to negotiate a reduction of tariffs and other barriers to trade, and the forum proved successful in reaching those objectives. With the ratification of the Uruguay Round Agreements, the GATT was replaced by the World Trade Organization (WTO) and its 117 members moved into a new era of free trade.