高中英语Unit4Astronomythescienceofthestars试题8340

高中英语Unit4Astronomythescienceofthestars 试题2019.091,In some cities,workaholism（废寝忘食地工作） is so common thatpeople don't consider it unusual.They accept the lifestyle as ernment workers in Washington,D.C. 2 ,frequently work sixty to seventy hours a week.They don't dothis because they have to;they do it because they 3to.Workaholism can be a 4problem.Because trueworkaholics would rather work than do anything else,they 5have no idea of how to relax;that is,they might not 6 movies,sports or other types of entertainment.Most of all,they7 to sit and do nothing.The lives of workaholics are usually stressful（充满压力的；紧张的）,and this tension（紧张）and worry can cause 8 problems such as heart attacks and stomach diseases.9 ,typical workaholics don't pay muchattention to their families.Their marriages may end in 10as they spend little time with their families.Is workaholism 11dangerous? Perhaps not .Thereare ,certainly ,people who work 12 under stress. Some studies show that many workaholics have great energy and interestin work .They feel 13 is so pleasurable that they are actually very happy. For most workaholics ,work and entertainmentis the same thing. Their jobs 14 them with a challenge;this keeps them busy and creative. 15 do workaholicsenjoy their jobs so much? There are several 16to work .Of course ,it provides people with paychecks ,and this isimportant .But it offers 17 financial securities .It provides people with self-confidence （自信心）；they have a feeling of satisfaction 18 they have produced a challengingpiece of work and are able to say “I 19it ”.Psychologists （心理学家） claim （声称；认定） that their work gives people anidentity （自身价值）.After they take part in work ,they 20 a sense of self and individualism.1.A.strange B.boring C.pleasant D.normal2.A.for example B.on the other handC.what's more D.after all3.A.agree B.promise C.dare D.want4.A.slight B.serious C.obvious D.difficult5.A.still B.probably C.certainly D.mostly6.A.afford B.enjoy C.watch D.allow7.A.dream B.decide C.intend D.hate8.A.physical B.cultural C.social D.mental9.A.Therefore B.However C.Anyway D.Besides10.A.happiness B.silence C.failure D.surprise11.A.sometimes B.always C.seldom D.hardly12.A.sadly B.differently C.efficiently D.slowly13.A.study B.family C.life D.work14.A.equip B.pack C.provide D.fill15.A.When B.Why C.How D.Where16.A.factors B.advantages C.steps D.ways17.A.no more B.more or lessC.no more than D.more than18.A.when B.before C.unless D.until19.A.valued B.failed C.caught D.made20.A.give B.lose C.get D.need2,The plan：turn Mars into a blue world with streams and green fields ,and then fill it with creatures（生物）from the earth.This idea may sound like something from a science fiction（科幻小说）,but it is actually being taken seriously by many researchers .This suggested future for the “red planet” will be the main topic for discussion at an international conference hosted by NASA（美国宇航局）this week. Leading researchers as well as science fiction writers will attend the event .It comes as NASAis preparing a multibillion-dollar Mars research programme.“Turning Mars into a little earth has long been a topic in science fiction,” said Dr Michael Meyer, NASA's senior scientist for astrobiology（太空生物学）.“Now ,with scientists exploring the reality ,we can ask what the real possibilities of changing Marsare.”Most scientists agree that Mars could be turned into a little earth ,although much time and money would be needed to achievethis goal.“We are destroying our own world at an unbelievable speed and now we are talking about ruining another planet,”said Paul Morin ,ofthe Institute of Astronomy ,Cambridge ,UK.Over the past months ,scientists have become increasingly confident they will find Martian life forms .Europe and America's robot explorers have found proof that water ,mixed with soil ,exists in large amounts on the planet.1.Those who agree to turn Mars into a little earth_______.A.are short of confidenceB.will gain the support of NASAC.realize their dream needs lots of time and moneyD.are asking for advice on how to carry it out2.The author took Paul Morin as an example to show he_______.A.is for the idea of exploring MarsB.is active in saving the earthC.is against the idea of turning Mars into a little earthD.cares about environmental protection3.Science fiction writers will attend the international conference to be held by NASA to_______A.inspire their interestsB.set more details for them to write withC.join in the discussionD.collect money for Mars research programme4.Turning Mars into a little earth_______.A.is no longer a topic of science fiction storiesB.is now under wayC.is a project whose possibility is being exploredD.is against human interests3,A young man named Charles Lyell had different ideas .He wrote a book about them called Principles of Geology .The earth ,according to Lyell ,was not only thousands of years old ,it was millions of years old .As to（关于）the common belief that changes in the earth's surface happen suddenly because of a single earthquake or flood ,he said that this might happen once in a while ,but usually these changes took place very slowly .He believed that the surface of the earth had been changing from the beginning of time .The changes ,he said ,were caused by the long-term action of the winds and seas ,and by forces such as volcanoes breaking out under the earth's surface .Once in a great while he thought ,a mountain might appear for the first time after an earthquake .But usually mountains would rise slowly and steadily.Professor Henslow was interested in Lyell's ideas ,but he did not actually believe them .Charles Darwin could not make up his mind about them .But they set him thinking along lines which would later change the beliefs of thoughtful peopleall over the world.At Cambridge ,Charles Darwin studied just enough to pass the examination ,and received his college degree in 1831.During this time ,he had become more and more interested in geology .At the end of the school year ,he went to North Wales with one of his teachers to examine the rock formations（构成） and to search for fossils（化石）.Fossils are the remains of ancient living things .They are usually found fixed in rocks in the earth's crust （地壳）.Fossils may be of animals ,such as fish ,insects ,birds ,or humans .They may be of plants from tiny leaves to huge trees. When a living creature dies ,it usually decays（腐烂）or is eaten by animals .However ,if it sinks into a riverbed or is quickly covered by the blowing sands of a desert storm ,the bones are kept up in the earth. Over many years the soft inner parts of a bone disappear ,leaving the inside hollow. Water containing mineral enters into the hollow. Slowly the mineral hardens and makes the bone hard and heavy,like stone.1.According to Charles Lyell, it is mainly _______ that the earthhas been formed like today's shape.A.from the beginning of timeB.past some experiences of big floodC.over a very long period of yearsD.because of several big earthquakes2.Charles Lyell believed the fact that a mountain is formed_______.A.more by seas than by volcanoesB.more slowly than suddenlyC.more by an earthquake than by windsD.more steadily than quickly3.Unlike Professor Henslow ,Charles Darwin_______.A.never thought Lyell's ideas were rightB.did made up his mind not to accept Lyell's ideasC.thought about what the world were then thinking aboutD.thought over Lyell's ideas and developed them4.The main purpose of Darwin's going to North Wales was to_______.A.make a study of fossilsB.appreciate the rock informationC.do research work into dead animalsD.look for plants from tiny leaves to huge trees4,What makes a person a scientist? Does he have ways or tools of learning that are different from those of others?The answer is“no”.It isn't the tools a scientist uses but how he uses these tools which makes him a scientist .You will probably agree that knowing how to use a power is important to a carpenter（木匠）.You will probably agree,too, that knowing how to investigate（调查）,how to discover information ,is important to everyone. The scientist ,however ,goes one step further ;he must be sure that he has a reasonable answer to his questions and that his answerhe gets to many questions is into a large set of ideas about howthe world works.The scientist's knowledge must be exact .There's no room for half right or right just half the time. He must be as nearly right as the conditions permit .What works under one set of conditions at one time must work under the same conditions at other times. If the conditions are different ,any changes the scientist observes in a demonstration（实证）must be explained by the changes in the conditions. This is one reason why investigations are important in science .Albert Einstein ,who developed the Theory of Relativity ,arrived at this theory through mathematics. The accuracy（正确性）of his mathematics was later tested through investigation. Einstein's ideas were proved to be correct .A scientist uses many tools for measurements .Then the measurements are used to make mathematical calculations（计算）that may test his investigations.1.What makes a scientist according to the passage?A.The tools he uses.B.His ways of learning.C.The way he uses his tools.D.The various tools he uses.2.“...knowing how to investigate ,how to discover information ,is important to everyone.”The writer says this to show_______.A.the importance of informationB.the difference between scientists and ordinary peopleC.the importance of thinkingD.the difference between carpenters and ordinary people3.A sound scientific theory should be one that_______.A.works under one set of conditions at one time and also worksunder the same conditions at other timesB.leaves no room for improvementC.doesn't allow any change even under different conditionsD.can be used for many purposes4.What is the main idea of the passage?A.Scientists are different from ordinary people.B.The Theory of Relativity.C.Exactness is the core（核心）of science.D.Exactness and way of using tools are the keys to making of ascientist.5,I used to love science class-all of them-1. _______Biology ,chemistry ,geography ,physics .I think I 2. _______ liked those classes because I felt that it helped me3. _______understand what the world works .For example,when4. _______I was a child ,the rain was a mystery .In one 5. _______Class ,I learned it rained. I think science classes6. _______clear up mysteries. But then there is always more7. _______mysteries look into .What was my least favorite class?8. _______That was maths . After learn the basics of the subject, 9. _______nothing else seemed very practically to me .I never10. _______saw how I could use it in my daily life.6,develop, prevent, surface, disappoint, explode, float, force, publish, solid, spread, violent, astronomy1. In the last five years the city has _______ out rapidly in all directions.2. That he failed the college entrance examination _______ his parents very much.3. They ＿＿＿＿ the canoe out into the middle of the river.4. The famous writer ________ a lot of popular novels in that _________ firm.5. The ____________ of gravity makes things fall to the earth.6. The robber kicked the door _______ and broke into the old man's house.7. Nothing can separate the two, because they have a ______ friendship foundation.8. During World War II, two atomic bombs _______ in Japan, killinga large number of people.9. With the ______ of our country’s economy, people's livingstandard has been greatly raised.10. More than 70% of the earth’s _____ is covered by water. 7,依靠；取决于8,think of … as9,既然，由于10,study the subject scientifically11,摔跤12,the beginning of life13,向某人解释某事14,make it possible for life to develop15,随着时间的推移16,prevent sb. from doing sth17,盼望18,the only natural satellite of the earth19,导致20, rise slowly into the air试题答案1, 1D解析：根据上一句中的“so common that...”可知选D2A解析：上文说人们已经把废寝忘食工作的现象当作正常的事情，下面3D解析：根据上文可知道，他们每周工作六七十个小时并不是他们不得4B解析：根据下文他们不知道放松，他们的生活有压力。