选修八unit5语法

Book8Unit5语法导学案（A）

学习目标：

知识目标：掌握十大常用时态的基本用法及其被动结构。

能力目标：能够总结现在完成进行时和现在完成时、一般过去时和现在完成时的区别。

情感目标：自主、合作、探究，激情展示，大胆质疑，分享成果。激发学生对语法的学习热情。学习重点：掌握十大常用时态的基本用法及其被动结构。

学习难点：能够总结现在完成进行时和现在完成时、一般过去时和现在完成时的区别

第一部分：预习案

一：动词时态语态基本知识：二．例句呈现：请同学们在括号内写出各句所使用的时态。

1. I always sleep with the window open.( )

2. I was reading an interesting book at this time yesterday.( )

will be having a gathering party with my friends at this time tomorrow.( ) saw the famous film Pearl Harbor yesterday evening.( )

plane takes off at 5 o’clock.( )

6. He will arrive in Beijing tomorrow.( )

workers are building a garden these days.( )

has taught Chinese for 20 years.( )

told me that he had read the book twice.( )

boy has been reading a book for almost two hours. ( )

11. He told me that he would take an important exam the next week. ( )

我的疑惑：_______________________________________ _________________ 我的收获：_____________________________________ _______________

第二部分：探究案

探究一：

1) 观察下面两组句子，理解它们的语法形式和语意。

Scene 1 (A girl complained to the boy who hurried up near to her breathlessly.)

G: I have been waiting here for ages.

B: I have been hurrying here all the way

Scene 2 (You plan to play basketball with friends, but the rain is on and on.)

Y: It has been raining all the morning

2) 从38页课文中找出使用现在完成进行时的句子并理解其意义。

_____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________2. 用法归纳

现在完成进行时的基本表达式_______ ______

现在完成进行时表达的意义

（一）表示从过去某时开始一直持续到_______的动作，并且还将持续下去。

The Chinese have been making paper for two thousand years.

中国有2000年的造纸历史。（动作还将继续下去）

I have been learning English since three years ago.

自从三年前以来我一直在学英语。（动作还将继续下去）

（二）表示在说话时刻之前到现在____________的动作。

We have been waiting for you for half an hour.

我们已经等你半个钟头了(人还没到，如同在电话里说的，还会继续等) 3）注意事项

（1) 不能用现在进行时的动词，如be, have, like, love, know, see, hear等，也不能用现在完成进行时里，而应用现在完成时。例如：

The poor child has been ill for a long time.

译：___________________________________

Have you seen her parents these days

译：______________________________________

探究二：

现在完成进行时与现在进行时比较：

现在完成进行时强调某动作从过去一直延续到现在；而现在进行时只指目前正发生的动作。试比较：Susan has been reading that storybook since last night.

译：_________________ _ _______

Susan is reading a storybook now.

译：___________________________________ _______

（3) 现在完成进行时和现在完成时比较：

１）有些动词(如：work, study, live, teach等)用现在完成进行时与现在完成时意思差不多。试比较：

The teacher has been teaching at this school for ten years.

The teacher has taught at this school for ten years.

２）英语中的多数动词在这两种时态中表示不同的含义。现在完成时如果不带表示一段时间的状语，就只能表示动作的完成，而现在完成进行时则表示动作的延续。试比较：

They have built a new lab.

他们建了一座新实验室。(表示动作的完成)

They have been building a new lab (these years).

这些年他们一直在建一座新实验室。(表示动作还在继续)

探究三：

例句呈现：

have taught in the school since 1989.

taught in the school in 1989.

wrote a letter just now.

have written a letter.

同学们你能根据例句总结现在完成进行时和现在完成时的区别吗

(学法指导：从重复性、持续性、感情色彩、时间状语等方面分析)

________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

第三部分：训练案

一：用所给动词的正确形式完成下列句子

1. A: --- I am sorry I _________ (keep) you waiting so long.

B: --- It is all right. I ________________ (read) the newspapers.

2. The CCTV ____________________ (broadcast) English programmers ever since 1977.

_______ (feel) better when you __________ (take) the medicine.

4. She said we __________ (may keep) the book as long as we _____ (like).

5. Please wake me up if I ___ still _______ (sleep) when you _____ (come).

6. My sister _______ (learn) English since she ____ (be) a child. She ___ (speak) English fluently now.

7. My uncle ________ (come) to see us. He _______ (arrive) here a few days ago. I _________ (start) for Sydney tomorrow morning.

8. He _____ (break) his glasses when he ___________ (play) in a football match.

二：下列各句均有一处错误，请指出并改正。

The water has been run the whole night.

2. Hello, Tom. I have looking for you all morning. Where have you been

3. His cool expression suggested that he want to leave.

4. He tried to harm other people, only to ruining himself.

5. If only I can speak several foreign languages!

6. We can all leave together —assumed that the others aren’t late.

7. Paul is very tired. He had been working very hard all morning.

三：语法填空

It’s important for us to have good health. It can enable us to enjoy our life and achieve ___1___ we hope for in our career and ___2___ the contrary, poor health leads to nothing, ___3___ if we want to keep good health, we must do the following.

Firstly, it is very important for us to have some fruit and vegetables ___4___ they can provide vitamins, and we have to keep a ___5___ (balance) diet. We should avoid eating food ___6___ high sugar and fat. Secondly, we’d better do some exercises every day to ___7___ (make) our body strong and also