山东聊城NASA
2023新教材新高考英语复习 考点分类练(九) 主旨大意题——段落大意类
考点分类练(九)主旨大意题——段落大意类A(2022山东聊城二模)The world is going through a basic transformation,which is changing the way we live,work and think.The Fourth Industrial Revolution is bringing dramatic change and giving rise to a future filled with exciting opportunities and new challenges.Together governments and businesses must find solutions to society’s most pressing needs—from creating a carbon-free economy to tackling population growth and urbanization.In any period of rapid change there is a trend to look for a simple method,to greet the new things and replace the old way of doing things.But a close look at the facts tells a different plex problems require many solutions working in harmony to enable positive change.The challenge for scientists and the engineers is to provide solutions in fact,data and today’s realities.And while technologies offer new tools to help uncover solutions,the process also requires hard work,imagination and lots of improvement.Success rests on performing practical,realistic,long-term solutions that make the world cleaner,safer and more sustainable.The environment is a case in point.Much of the public debate has centered on the central role of renewable power sources in realizing a low-carbon energy future.While the industry is fully behind the developing renewables,today we understand a low or zero-carbon future depends on adopting a multifaceted approach.We cannot control sunshine levels or decide when the wind blows,which means solar power and wind power generators will produce too much or too little energy at times.The transition to renewables needs to take account of serious considerations.Batteries have been much discussed as a means of storing extra energy,but there are other choices.Power-to-X technologies enable spare energy created by renewables to be stored and redistributed when and where it is needed.1.What’s the main idea of paragraph2?A.Society’s dramatic change calls for simple methods.B.Old means of doing things should be replaced by new ones.C.Society needs positive change for development.D.Some problems should be solved in combined ways.2.What does the author expect scientists and engineers to do?A.Offer new tools to uncover solutions.B.Tackle population growth.C.Work hard with imagination.D.Make the world better with a simple method.3.What’s the author’s attitude to the consumption of the solar power and wind power?A.Uncertain.B.Cautious.C.Unconfident.D.Doubtful.4.Which of the following is the advantage of Power-to-X technologies?A.They can adjust power supply.B.They can conserve energy.C.They help make more electricity.D.They can create power from wind and sun.BThe Tiangong space station is a space station being constructed by China.The construction of the station is based on the experience gained from its pioneers,Tiangong-1 and Tiangong-2.The firstmodule(舱),the Tianhe core module,was launched on 29 April 2021,followed by multiple crewed and uncrewed missions and two more modules to be launched by 2022.According to China Manned Space Agency (CMSA),which operates the space station,the purpose and missions of Tiangong space station are listed as:breakthrough in key technologies such as permanent human operations in orbit,long-term autonomous spaceflight of the space station,life support technology,development of technology that can aid future deep space exploration.The Tianhe Core Cabin Module (CCM) provides life support and living quarters for three crew members and provides guidance,navigation (导航) for the station.The module also provides the station’s power and life support system.The station is equipped with a small kitchen for food preparation and the first-ever microwave oven in the spaceflight,so that astronauts can always have hot food whenever they need.120 different types of food,selected based on astronauts’ preference,are stored aboard.China’s intention to build its own space station was amplified(增强的) after NASA refused Chinese participation in International Space Station in 2011.On 22 February 2017,CMSA and Italian Space Agency (ASD) signed an agreement to cooperate on long-term human spaceflight activities.The agreement holds importance due to Italy’s leading position in the field of human spaceflight with regard to the creation and development of the International Space Station and it shows Italy’s increased expectation in China’s developing space station program.Tiangong is also expected to host experiments from many other countries.5.What do we know about the Tiangong space station?A.It aims to build a core module.B.Its construction has been finished.C.Self-controlled flight is impossible.D.It can further assist space exploration.6.What is paragraph3mainly about?A.Food stored aboard the station.B.Ways of cooking in space.C.Living conditions on CCM.D.Life supporting technologies.7.What will the future of the Tiangong space station be like according to the text?A.Dependent and unclear.B.Promising and influential.C.Leading but unpredictable.D.Internationalized but risky.8.In which section of a website may this text appear?A.Space fiction.B.Life health.C.Historical events.D.Science.C(2022山东日照一模)The exact location in France where Dutch master Vincent van Gogh painted his last work of art has been discovered.A Dutch researcher figured out that a scene described in the artist’s last work,Tree Roots,was visible on a postcard showing a man standing next to a bicycle on a back street of the village Auvers-sur-Oise.Van Gogh spent the last weeks of his life in the village.Helpfully,the card even included the name of the street.Researchers were given a unique glimpse(体验) into the famous painter’s final hours.He was at work right up to the end.Wouter van der Veen,scientific director of the Van Gogh Institute in France,made thediscovery.While stuck at home,Wouter van de Veen used the extra time to organize the numerous files and documents on Vincent van Gogh,including images such as the old postcard from Auvers-sur-Oise.One day in late April,he saw the card on his computer screen and it suddenly struck him that he was looking at the location of Tree Roots.Next to the man and his bicycle,roots and trees are clearly visible.He took a virtual trip down the site using Google’s Street View.“Villagers know the spot and the main tree root well,even giving it the name ‘the elephant’because of its shapes,” Wouter van der Veen said.“It was really hiding in overt sight.”The discovery provides tourists with an extra reason to visit Auvers-sur-Oise.“They travel a lot just for one reason—to walk in the footsteps of Vincent van Gogh.Now they can stand at the very place where he painted his last painting,” Wouter van der Veen said.“And that’s a very moving thing for a lot of people.So I’m very happy to be able to share that with all those who love Vincent van Gogh.”9.What is paragraph2mainly about?A.What the postcard revealed.B.How Tree Roots was discovered.C.Why Auvers-sur-Oise became known.D.Where van Gogh painted his works.10.How did Wouter van der Veen confirm his discovery?A.He studied a picture of Auvers-sur-Oise.B.He organized his data on Vincent van Gogh.C.He traveled to France to see for himself.D.He paid a visit to the spot online.11.What does the underlined word “overt” in paragraph 5 mean?A.Mixed.B.Obvious.C.Lovely.D.Strange.12.What can we infer about tourists to Auvers-sur-Oise?A.They enjoy exploring how to paint.B.They share their love for Vincent van Gogh.C.They admire Vincent van Gogh very much.D.They want to experience the life there.考点分类练(九)主旨大意题——段落大意类【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。
世界主要的t和全国DNS服务器IP地址一览
各大网站DNS列表:天府热线: 61.139.2.69长春163：202.98.0.68 202.98.3.68263在线：211.100.2.130 211.100.1.10中国万网：218.244.147.40()218.244.147.69()新网：211.99.199.194211.99.199.195263IDC：211.100.2.130()211.100.1.10 ()教育网DNS服务器:202.114.64.2 武大DNS1 (一区)202.114.96.1 武大DNS2 (二区)202.114.96.2 武大DNS3 (二区)202.114.112.13 武大DNS4 (三区)202.114.0.242 () 华工DNS202.112.0.35 () 华工DNS2202.112.20.131 () 华中地区网络中心DNS 166.111.8.28 () 清华DNS1166.111.8.29 () 清华DNS2166.111.8.30 () 清华DNS202.117.0.20 () 西交DNS1202.117.0.21 () 西交DNS2202.112.26.34 (上交)202.112.112.100 (人大)162.105.129.27 (北大)202.203.128.33 (cernet云南中心主dns)202.115.64.33 (西南交大)210.33.116.112 (浙江电大)202.116.160.33 (华南农业)202.112.0.33 (华北网)港澳台DNS服务器地址香港：205.252.144.228208.151.69.65202.181.202.140202.181.224.2澳门：202.175.3.8台湾：168.95.192.1168.95.1.1国外DNS服务器地址美国：208.67.222.222208.67.220.220165.87.13.129165.87.201.244205.171.3.65205.171.2.65198.41.0.4198.41.0.4198.32.64.12192.33.4.12192.203.230.10192.5.5.241192.112.36.4192.36.148.17192.58.128.30192.9.9.3193.0.14.129128.9.0.107128.8.10.9066.33.206.206.208.96.10.22166.33.216.216205.171.3.65205.171.2.65165.87.13.129165.87.201.244谷歌8.8.8.88.8.4.4加拿大：209.166.160.36209.166.160.132英国：193.0.14.129日本202.216.228.18韩国：164.124.101.31203.248.240.31168.126.63.60168.126.63.61新西兰：202.27.184.3泰国：209.166.160.132202.44.8.34202.44.8.2印度：202.138.103.100202.138.96.2全球路由DNS服务器全球只有13台路由DNS根服务器，在13台路由服务器中，名字分别为“A”至“M”，其中10台设置在美国，另外各有一台设置于英国、瑞典和日本。
山东省聊城市地理高一上学期期中试卷及解答参考
山东省聊城市地理高一上学期期中模拟试卷(答案在后面)一、单项选择题（本大题有16小题，每小题3分，共48分）1、我国地形复杂多样，其中山地面积约占国土总面积的：A. 10%B. 20%C. 30%D. 40%2、下列关于地球自转的说法正确的是：A. 地球自转的速度是恒定的B. 地球自转的方向是自西向东C. 地球自转一周的时间是24小时D. 地球自转引起的现象是昼夜交替3、下列关于我国地理环境的说法错误的是：A、南方地区属于热带气候，北方地区属于温带季风气候B、我国地势西高东低，呈三级阶梯分布C、长江流域是我国最大的淡水湖泊群分布区D、我国南方地区植被以亚热带常绿阔叶林为主4、关于世界地理分区，以下说法正确的是：A、亚洲、非洲、欧洲、北美洲、南美洲、大洋洲、南极洲是世界地理分区的七个大洲B、亚洲、非洲、欧洲、北美洲、南美洲、大洋洲、南极洲是世界地理分区的七个大洲，其中亚洲、非洲、欧洲、北美洲、南美洲、大洋洲位于东半球，南极洲位于西半球C、亚洲、非洲、欧洲、北美洲、南美洲、大洋洲、南极洲是世界地理分区的七个大洲，其中亚洲、非洲、欧洲、北美洲、南美洲、大洋洲位于西半球，南极洲位于东半球D、亚洲、非洲、欧洲、北美洲、南美洲、大洋洲、南极洲是世界地理分区的七个大洲，其中亚洲、非洲、欧洲、北美洲、南美洲、大洋洲位于东半球，南极洲位于赤道附近5、下列关于我国主要气候类型的分布，说法错误的是：A. 秦岭-淮河一线是我国暖温带与亚热带的分界线B. 雨季的影响是我国季风气候的主要特征C. 高山高原气候主要分布在青藏高原D. 沙漠气候主要分布在我国西北地区6、下列关于我国地理区域的划分，说法错误的是：A. 我国地理区域划分为北方地区、南方地区、西北地区和青藏地区B. 南方地区的主要气候类型是亚热带季风气候C. 西北地区的主要气候类型是温带大陆性气候D. 青藏地区的主要气候类型是高原山地气候7、下列关于我国地形分布的描述，正确的是：A、地势西高东低，呈阶梯状分布B、地形以高原为主，平原较少C、地形以山地、丘陵为主，平原面积较小D、地形以平原、盆地为主，山地、丘陵较少8、下列关于世界地理环境的描述，不正确的是：A、赤道附近地区终年炎热，降水充沛B、温带地区四季分明，降水适中C、寒带地区气候寒冷，降水稀少D、热带雨林气候区终年炎热，降水稀少9、下列关于我国地形特征的叙述，正确的是：A. 西部以高原、盆地为主，东部以平原、丘陵为主B. 全部地区都是高原、山地C. 南部以高原、山地为主，北部以平原、丘陵为主D. 全部地区都是平原 10、下列关于我国气候特点的叙述，错误的是：A. 地域差异明显B. 季风气候显著C. 温带气候分布广泛D. 南北温差小11、我国四大高原中，面积最大的高原是：A. 青藏高原B. 黄土高原C. 云贵高原D. 四川盆地12、下列地理现象中，属于海陆变迁的是：A. 冰川融化B. 沙漠扩张C. 植被变化D. 山脉隆起13、以下哪个地区属于我国西北地区的内陆盆地？A.华北平原B.四川盆地C.塔里木盆地D.长江中下游平原14、以下哪种气候类型主要分布在我国青藏高原？A.温带季风气候B.亚热带季风气候C.温带大陆性气候D.高山高原气候15、下列关于我国地理环境的叙述，正确的是（）A. 我国西北地区气候干旱，土地荒漠化严重B. 我国东部地区地形以山地、丘陵为主C. 我国南方地区以热带、亚热带季风气候为主D. 我国北方地区植被以草原、荒漠为主16、关于我国河流的流向，下列说法正确的是（）A. 长江自西向东流B. 黄河自南向北流C. 海河自北向南流D. 珠江自东向西流二、非选择题（本大题有3小题，每小题18分，共52分）第一题阅读以下材料，回答问题。
【市级联考】山东省聊城市2024届高三二模理科综合高效提分物理试题(基础必刷)
【市级联考】山东省聊城市2024届高三二模理科综合高效提分物理试题（基础必刷）一、单项选择题（本题包含8小题，每小题4分，共32分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的）(共8题)第(1)题某编号为“2014 CB3”的小行星的近日点、远日点到太阳中心的距离分别为、（等于地球中心和太阳中心之间的平均距离），则该小行星的公转周期约为（）A．1.5年B．1.3年C．1.0年D．0.7年第(2)题如图甲所示一水平的浅色长传送带上放置一煤块（可视为质点），煤块与传送带之间的动摩擦因数为。
初始时，传送带与煤块都是静止的。
现让传送带在变速电机带动下先加速后减速，传送带的速度-时间图像如图乙所示，假设传送带足够长，经过一段时间，煤块在传送带上留下了一段黑色痕迹，，则下列说法正确的是（ ）A．黑色痕迹的长度为B．煤块在传送带上的相对位移为C．若煤块的质量为，则煤块与传送带间因摩擦产生的热量为D．煤块的质量越大黑色痕迹的长度越长第(3)题下列认识正确的是（ ）A．做匀速圆周运动飞行的宇宙飞船内的宇航员处于完全失重状态是由于没有受到重力的作用B．由可知，两物体间距离减小时，它们间的引力增大，距离趋于零时，万有引力将趋于无穷大C．根据开普勒第二定律可知，行星在近日点的速度大于在远日点的速度D．若两个互成角度的分运动分别是匀速直线运动和匀加速直线运动，则合运动可能是直线运动第(4)题2022年11月30日，我国在酒桌卫星发射中心，用“长征二号”F遥十五运载火箭成功将神舟十五号载人飞船准确送入距地运行高度约400km的预定轨道。
若测得神舟十五号载人飞船在轨运行时，运行周期为T，受到地球的引力为F，已知地球表面的重力加速度g，由此不能求出（）A．地球质量B．地球半径C．地球第一宇宙速度D．天和号核心舱质量第(5)题若有一颗“宜居”行星，其质量为地球的p倍，半径为地球的q倍，则该行星卫星的环绕速度是地球卫星环绕速度的（）A ．倍B．倍C．倍D．倍第(6)题2020年5月，我国航天局将组织最后一次北斗卫星发射后，北斗全球系统建设将全面完成。
光伏发电各地辐照量数据 NASA
3.12000 3.12000 3.57000 2.90000 2.90000 3.09000 2.61000 3.00000 2.59000 2.70000 2.43000 2.54000 2.90000 2.59000 2.58000 2.90000 2.98000 3.39000 3.24000 3.32000 2.91000 2.94000 3.50000 3.07000 3.24000 2.91000 3.07000 2.85000 3.50000 2.98000 2.91000 2.85000 3.11000 2.34000 1.98000 2.16000 2.00000 2.83000 1.98000
130.9
43
130.95
44
124.12
48
125.03
44
131.15
44
130.27
45
129.58
43
117
34
116.3
34
121.4
35
122.1
34
117.13
34
119.1
35
117.32
32
115.98
32
118.35
33
117.67
34
115.43
32
117.97
35
116.58
3.18000 3.18000 2.75000 3.10000 3.09000 3.01000 3.25000 3.72000 3.67000 3.68000 3.69000 3.72000 3.74000 3.57000 3.66000 3.77000 3.72000 3.61000 3.69000 3.63000 3.69000 3.74000 3.74000 3.71000 3.32000 3.57000 3.51000 3.14000 3.57000 3.35000 3.35000 3.14000 3.35000 3.63000 3.59000 3.35000 3.36000 3.36000 3.09000
e-Learning环境中学习者认知负荷的测量
e-Learning环境中学习者认知负荷的测量作者：白成杰曹娟来源：《电化教育研究》2011年第05期[摘要] 在简介现有e-Learning环境中学习者认知负荷测量方法的基础上，分析现有方法的不足，提出一种综合性的e-Learning环境中认知负荷的测量方法，即“成绩测量+主观评定”的测量方法。
该方法分别采用成绩测量法和主观评定法，对 e-Learning环境中学习者的认知负荷进行测量，通过计算相关系数，对所得结果进行验证，以增强其可信度。
[关键词] 认知负荷；测量；学习者； e-Learning环境[中图分类号] G434[文献标识码] A[作者简介] 白成杰（1966—）男，山东聊城人。
教授，主要从事网络技术教育应用。
E-mail：bai-chengjie@。
e-Learning环境中，学习者需要处理的信息量更多也更复杂，在学习过程中容易出现认知超载，从而阻碍学习。
因此，了解e-Learning环境中学习者认知负荷的水平，即对其进行测量，对于提高学习者学习效率和改进e-Learning环境设计，都有很重要的意义。
[1]目前，已有多种认知负荷测量方法。
这些测量方法各有特点，都能满足测量的基本需要。
然而，具体到e-Learning环境中认知负荷的测量，这些方法也都还存在一些问题，需要进一步研究。
一、综合测量方法的提出认知负荷（Cognitive Load，CL）是指在一个特定的作业时间内施加于学习者认知系统的心理活动总量。
[1]认知负荷是个多维概念，目前尚不能直接测量，只能用间接的方法对其进行评估。
[2]Paas等人1994年提出的认知负荷结构模型中的评价因素，反映了认知负荷可以测量的三个方面，即由任务需求引起的心理负荷、个体付出的心理努力和相应的行为表现（如成绩）是认知负荷测量的基础，也是当前国内外学者研究认知负荷测量方法的主要依据。
[1]虽然认知负荷测量近年来才开始，但认知心理学在负荷测量领域已经做了很多相关研究。
《2024年聊城市2020年大气污染物排放清单与空间分布特征研究》范文
《聊城市2020年大气污染物排放清单与空间分布特征研究》篇一一、引言随着工业化的快速发展和城市化进程的加速，大气环境污染问题日益突出，成为影响城市可持续发展的重要因素。
聊城市作为山东省的重要城市之一，其大气污染物排放情况对区域环境质量具有重要影响。
因此，对聊城市2020年大气污染物排放清单与空间分布特征进行研究，对于改善环境质量、制定有效的污染控制措施具有重要意义。
二、研究背景与意义聊城市位于山东省西部，是黄河下游的重要城市。
近年来，随着经济的快速发展和人口的不断增长，聊城市的大气环境污染问题日益严重，主要大气污染物包括颗粒物（PM10、PM2.5）、二氧化硫（SO2）、氮氧化物（NOx）等。
因此，了解聊城市大气污染物的排放情况及空间分布特征，对于制定有效的污染控制措施、改善环境质量具有重要意义。
三、研究方法本研究采用的方法主要包括以下几个方面：1. 数据收集：收集聊城市2020年各行业的大气污染物排放数据。
2. 排放清单编制：根据收集到的数据，编制聊城市2020年大气污染物排放清单。
3. 空间分析：利用地理信息系统（GIS）对排放清单进行空间分析，了解污染物的空间分布特征。
4. 数据分析：对排放清单和空间分析结果进行统计分析，了解污染物的排放趋势和主要来源。
四、聊城市大气污染物排放清单根据编制的聊城市2020年大气污染物排放清单，主要行业包括工业、交通、生活等。
其中，工业排放的污染物种类最多，排放量也最大。
主要大气污染物包括颗粒物、二氧化硫、氮氧化物等。
各种污染物的排放量均有一定程度的下降，但仍需进一步控制和减少。
五、聊城市大气污染物空间分布特征利用地理信息系统（GIS）对聊城市大气污染物排放清单进行空间分析，发现污染物的空间分布具有一定的规律性。
工业污染主要分布在市区及周边地区，交通污染则主要分布在城市交通干道和交通枢纽附近，生活污染则较为分散。
同时，还发现部分区域存在污染物的聚集现象，需要重点关注和治理。
山东省聊城市2024届中考地理试卷(含答案)
山东省聊城市2024届中考地理试卷学校：___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、单选题2024年5月2日，聊城某中学师生前往我国南方某地开展乡村研学活动。
读该地区等高线地形图，完成下面小题。
1．关于该地区的叙述，正确的是( )A.地形类型主要为盆地和丘陵B.河流①处比②处流速较慢C.河流干流由西南流向东北D.丙村落最有可能发展为城镇2．当地助推乡村经济发展的合理措施是( )A.大力发展工矿企业B.打造梯田花海特色旅游C.砍伐森林种植水稻D.在丁处修建大型康养院北京时间2024年3月20日8时31分，探月工程四期鹊桥二号“中继星”在中国海南文昌航天发射场成功发射升空。
它能为2024年5月发射的嫦娥六号月球采样任务提供通信支持。
读图完成下面小题。
3．北京的小明在8时31分收看电视直播，他远在伦敦的姐姐收看直播的时间却是当地的0时31分，造成这一时间差异的原因是( )A.地球自转B.地球公转C.地球形状D.地球大小4．嫦娥六号发射时( )A.地球公转到③时段B.我国北方高温多雨C.北京昼长长于文昌D.北极地区进入极夜帐篷式民居，通常是由松散的羊毛编织而成，可以散发白天的热量，同时将强烈的日光变成舒适的微光。
下雨时，这些松散的天然纤维会膨胀，足以应对当地罕见的降水。
完成下面小题。
5．该民居所在地的气候特征是( )A.全年高温，分旱雨两季B.全年高温多雨C.终年炎热干燥D.全年温和湿润6．该民居集中分布地区的聚落类型及主要农业部门是( )A.城市畜牧业B.乡村畜牧业C.城市种植业D.乡村种植业马达加斯加岛是非洲第一大岛屿，东西两侧气候差异明显。
读图完成下面小题。
7．关于该岛屿的叙述，正确的是( )A.位于南半球和西半球B.地形以山地为主，地势西高东低C.河流短小，水能资源丰富D.当地的主要粮食作物是小麦8．造成甲、乙两地气候差异的主要影响因素是( )A.纬度位置B.海陆位置C.地形因素D.人类活动西亚被称为“五海三洲之地”，有“世界石油宝库”之称，与东亚“油”好往来。
山东省聊城市2023-2024学年高二上学期11月期中英语试题
山东省聊城市2023-2024学年高二上学期11月期中英语试题学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、阅读理解One of the most well-known figures of American history, Thomas Jefferson was the third President of the United States and the author of the Declaration of Independence. His life was an inspiring one and at the same time a little bit contradictory (矛盾的) to his statements andJefferson and his timeAmerican SphinxThe Art of Power1．Which book would you recommend regarding Thomas Jefferson’s whole life?A．Jefferson and His Time B．American SphinxC．The Art of Power D．none of the above2．What is the book “American Sphinx” about??A．It is a biography of Thomas Jelferson’s life.B．It is a book about American politics.C．It is an analysis of Thomas Jefferson’s mind.D．It is a collection of short stories.3．One problem about “The Art of Power” is that readers _________.A．may feel bored while they are reading itB．cannot get a complete description of Thomas Jefferson’s lifeC．learn Thomas Jefferson’s political life mainly from historians’ viewpointD．cannot get an objective point of view about Thomas Jefferson’s giftWhen I first set foot in Western Australia’s Pilbara, a landscape holding3.5-billion-year-old clues to the beginning of life, I was very disappointed. The year was 1994.I drove excitedly out of the west coast town of Port Hedland, but all I saw for the first 150 kilometers were a few dead trees and smoky dust across the burnt, flat plain. And the heat!! I’d never experienced anything this terrible before. Or breathed air so thick with biting flies.But as we continued to head south on the highway to. Marble Bar—the hottest town in Australia—some low, broad hills started to rise from the horizon. As we continued down a dirt track into the hills, the burnt plains gave way to grass-covered hills. This grass is called spinifex, an amazing but cruel creation. It grows as bushes up to one meter in diameter (直径),with round, fine leaves with needle-sharp tips. The tips will go through just about any piece of cloth. My guide wore thick gaiters (护腿) to protect his legs. But he had failed to inform me of the risk. Without any gaiters, my skin was covered with needle tips that remained in my legs for months.The land, ultimately, proved worth the discomfort. Here I was walking over some of Earth’s oldest, best-preserved rocks that contain evidence of life from almost the very beginnings of time on our planet.This area had changed much from when it was first formed 3.5 billion years ago. Back then it would have been a black volcanic land, with no color from vegetation. Over the hills I might have seen a green, iron-rich sea under an orange sky heavy with carbon dioxide and without oxygen. Several billion years after that, the world would turn cold and become covered in a global ice sheet, destroying almost every living thing. When it melted away, oxygen levels rose again. Life really got going. Animals slowly occupied the land, so did new types of plants. The greening of our planet began, and a wide variety of organisms (有机体) appeared including. unfortunately for me, spinifex.4．What was the author’s first reaction to the Pilbara landscape?A．Dissatisfaction.B．Excitement.C．Amusement.D．Confusion. 5．What does the writer mean by “The land, ultimately, proved worth the discomfort”?A．It was no easy task to set foot on the land.B．He had never seen spinifex on any other land.C．The trip was valuable despite all the suffering.D．The tips remaining in his flesh were not that uncomfortable.6．What is the significance of the Pilbara landscape?A．It is where life began.B．It is still a black volcanic land.C．It is home to many unique plants.D．It contains almost no living things. 7．Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?A．How Life Started on Earth B．Pilbara: Rich in OrganismsC．An Abandoned but Lively Land D．Journey to a Land across TimeThroughout our daily lives, we have known plenty of people and will know more. But how can we tell if someone is worth our trust? In a paper published recently in the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, researcher gave us the answer.The researchers asked 401 adults from the United States to fill out a questionnaire measuring their guilt-proneness (内疚倾向) in different situations as well as several other qualities, and then play a short online game. In this game, Player 1 is given 1, which they can choose to give to Player 2. Any money given to Player 2 is then automatically increased to 2.50. Player 2 can then decide whether to keep all of the money or behave in a trustworthy way by returning a part of the money to Player 1. The researchers found more guilt-prone people were more likely to share the money with Player 1. Actually, in follow-up studies, guilt-proneness predicted trustworthiness better than other personality qualities the researchers measured.Why might guilt lead to trustworthy behavior? The researchers found people who were guilt-prone also reported feeling a must to act in ethical (合乎道德的) and responsible ways while interacting (互动) with their partners in the game. People who are guilt-prone tend to avoid engaging in behavior that might harm or disappoint others. If they do something bad, guilt encourages them to try to make things right again.Then, how can we use this research to ascertain whether someone is trustworthy? “One way to do this might be observe how they respond to experience regret,” lead author Emma Levine, assistant professor at the University of Chicago Levine, explains. Another way is to ask them to describe a difficult dilemma they faced in the past, suggests co-author Taya Cohen, associate professor at Carnegie Mellon University. This is particularly effective, Cohen and her colleagues have found, because it allows us to see if they’re concerted about the effects their actions have on others.8．What did guilt-prone player 2 tend to do in the online game?A．Keep all the money.B．Share the money with Player 1.C．Return the money to the researchers.D．Spend the money on themselves.9．Why might guilt lead to trustworthy behavior?A．It encourages people to harm others.B．It makes people feel responsible to act ethically.C．It makes people want to disappoint others.D．It makes people avoid difficult dilemmas.10．What does the underlined word “ascertain” in the last paragraph mean?A．Ask B．Express C．Describe D．Determine 11．How is the text organized and developed?A．By providing background.B．By making a lot of comparisons.C．By answering the raised questions.D．By analyzing effects of guilt-proneness.Children like playing make-believe and enjoy inventing a variety of characters while immersed (沉浸) in imaginative play. Cooking games are a fantastic way to stimulate imaginative play. Children can act out real-life situations and behaviors through pretend play. There are various online cooking games for children as well. For children, they are more than just a fun pastime activity. They also provide a number of developmental and educational benefits.Free online cooking games encourage kids to try new things and think outside the box by letting them experiment with ingredients, recipes, and preparation methods. Such games can help kids develop a growth mindset, creativity, and the freedom to make their own choices.The act of cooking, whether virtual or in the real world, requires a lot of counting and measuring, which promotes the development of fundamental mathematical abilities such as counting and adding. Additionally, many free cooking games online require kids to perform various kitchen tasks or read the recipes or lists of ingredients and then follow the directions, teaching them to read, improving their vocabulary, and boosting their confidence.Most cooking games offer an in-built social space. For example, playing multiplayer or two-player games allows children to interact with others, help each other, laugh together, solve problems in cooperation, and so on. This is especially convenient for timid or introverted kids who have difficulty reaching out to others in the real world. Online games can help these kids develop self-esteem and practice their communication skills, so they eventually feel more confident making friends in real life.However, young children can have difficulty finding age-appropriate games, using trustworthy and safe platforms, or setting limits on their screen time. Therefore, as adults, we must prioritize the kids’ online safety and well-being by helping them select the appropriate games and get the most out of the free cooking games online.12．What is the benefit of playing multiplayer or two-player cooking games?A．Children can communicate with others and learn to be cooperative.B．Children can learn how to cook together.C．Children can compete against each other and improve their skills.D．Children can learn how to use different kitchen tools.13．How do the adults ensure children’s online safety and well-being?A．Adults should not let children play online games.B．Adults should help their children select the suitable games.C．Adults should help their children play online cooking games.D．Adults should not allow children to play creative games.14．What’s the author’s attitude toward online cooking games?A．Negative.B．Neutral.C．Favorable.D．Indifferent. 15．Which of the following titles fits best?A．Virtual Cooking: A New Way to Avoid the Kitchen?B．The Benefits of Online Cooking Games for ChildrenC．Cooking Games: A Waste of Time or a Tool for Building Life Skills?D．Online cooking: A Way to Improves Children’s Social Skills二、七选五How to cultivate emotional awarenessIn school, we learned the periodic table and were told to recite the alphabet, but nobody forced us to take a class on what emotions are and how they work. 16 Yet, research shows that being aware of your emotions is hugely beneficial and people with high emotional awareness have better social and emotional functioning.Emotional awareness is being able to identify and make sense of not only our own emotions but those of others. It’s absolutely essential in maintaining good mental health. But if you’ve spent a lifetime masking your real emotions, being honest with yourself for the first time may prove tough. 17Turn to mindfulnessMindfulness is the process of bringing our attention to: the present moment and becoming more aware of our thoughts. 18 There are many ways to be mindful, frompractising breathwork to sitting in silence. Where emotional awareness is concerned, meditation which can aid clarity and allow us to view our emotions in a more measured way is strongly recommended.Practice daily self-reflection19 You’d better create a habit of checking with yourself every day. Self-reflection cultivates emotional awareness and is key to understanding why you feel the way you do. Activities such as journaling can be really beneficial in learning about your thought processes. It may also help you actively choose healthy coping strategies to manage more challenging emotions. Free-writing, where you write out everything that’s on your mind without judgement, can be used to dig deeper into your thoughts and feelings.Name what you’re feelingSometimes what we really struggle with is putting our emotions into words. 20 Instead of employing basic descriptions like angry, happy, frustrated or sad, consult The Emotion Wheel which identifies eight basic emotions at the centre of the wheel, with dozens of corresponding emotions of various intensities stemming out from it. It gives you a specific name for what you’re feeling. By naming them, we can not only find relief from those uncomfortable feelings but bring more joy and fulfilment into our lives too.A．When was the last time you stopped and truly observed how you feel?B．Turn into your emotions and honestly reflecting on how you feel is important.C．It can be difficult to feel heard by others if we don’t have the language to describe how we’re feeling.D．But it gets easier with practice.E．It’s not always easy to put a finger on exactly what’s wrong, without digging a little deeper.F．It’s a state of calm, non-judgmental state of mind.G．And for many of us, that means understanding how we feel and why can be incredibly difficult.三、完形填空Mom was late once again!!“Sorry, honey. I left the office only a little bit late, but the 21 caused really badtraffic, and I…”I hung up. All too often, situations like this happen. Being a teenager is not 22 , and my parents often make me feel less important than their work.In third grade, I broke my arm at school. When the school nurse called my mom, she was too 23 to answer. When the phone call 24 my father, he sighed and said, “I’m in the middle of my research.” I waited in the nurse’s office for hours before my parents finally 25 to take me to hospital.I wished my parents could spare me some time. To make my parents take me seriously, I26 . I tried to establish my own authority (权威) by 27 their schedule. My mom did everything possible to settle the problem, but nothing 28 until she met that adviser.One day after I shut my door in her face, my mom didn’t complain or cry. 29 , she knocked and said, “I have something to tell you.” I opened the door. “Today I met a really good adviser. He said that every time your daughter is angry, she is just saying: I 30 you.”It occurred to me that my anger was merely a mask for me to 31 my loneliness and disappointment. But facing one’s 32 need is the first step towards being happier. This concept not only helped things between my parents and me but also enabled me to handle conflicts and emotions. I started to pay attention to other people’s 33 . When an angry customer approached me at my volunteering job, he was saying, “I need more service.” When a homeless person shouted to me in a parking lot, he was simply saying, “I need food and help.”I am now able to see 34 the fog of anger and see the real face and heart of other person.Five minutes after I hung up on her, my mom’s car finally appeared through the fog. She rolled down her window and said, “Let’s go to a hotpot place, shall we?” I 35 . “OK, but promise me you won’t be late again.”21．A．rain B．snow C．wind D．fog 22．A．easy B．unusual C．awesome D．exciting 23．A．upset B．scared C．nervous D．busy 24．A．reached B．bothered C．alarmed D．woke 25．A．passed by B．drove away C．showed up D．gave in26．A．chattered B．screamed C．whispered D．apologized 27．A．ignoring B．checking C．following D．completing 28．A．appeared B．mattered C．happened D．worked 29．A．Moreover B．Therefore C．Instead D．Meanwhile 30．A．hate B．need C．believe D．understand 31．A．avoid B．relieve C．show D．cover 32．A．unmet B．urgent C．increasing D．physical 33．A．behavior B．anger C．reaction D．satisfaction 34．A．around B．across C．into D．through 35．A．yelled B．complained C．smiled D．hesitated四、用单词的适当形式完成短文阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
高光谱遥感技术的发展与应用现状概要
文章编号:0494-0911(200810-0001-04中图分类号:P237 文献标识码:B高光谱遥感技术的发展与应用现状杨国鹏,余旭初,冯伍法,刘伟,陈伟(信息工程大学测绘学院遥感信息工程系,河南郑州450052The D evel op m ent and Applicati on of H yperspectral RS TechnologyYANG Guo -peng ,YU X u -chu ,FENG W u -fa ,L I U W e,i CHEN W e i摘要:20世纪80年代初期出现的高光谱遥感技术,将反映目标辐射属性的光谱信息与反映目标空间几何关系的图像信息有机地结合在一起,与传统的全色、多光谱遥感相比,在地物识别方面具有明显的优势。
高光谱遥感技术在许多国家的重视下发展迅速,其应用领域也日趋广泛并更加成熟。
对高光谱遥感技术的发展与应用现状进行总结。
关键词:高光谱影像;高光谱遥感;发展;应用收稿日期:2008-04-24作者简介:杨国鹏(1982-,男,山东聊城人,博士生,研究方向为图像处理与模式识别、高光谱遥感技术应用。
20世纪80年代初期出现的高光谱遥感,在光谱分辨率上具有巨大的优势,被称为遥感发展的里程碑。
世界各国对该类遥感的发展都十分重视,成像光谱仪技术发展迅速,高光谱影像处理技术日趋成熟与深入,应用日益广泛。
一、高光谱遥感技术成像光谱仪能获取许多波段狭窄且连续的影像,光谱分辨率达到纳米级。
利用高光谱数据反演得到的地物反射光谱特征,能研究地球表面物体的分类、物质的成分、含量、存在状态、空间分布及动态变化[1]。
1.高光谱遥感技术的特点与传统的全色、多光谱遥感影像相比较,高光谱影像具有以下特点[2,3]:1.光谱响应范围广,光谱分辨率高。
成像光谱仪响应的电磁波长从可见光延伸到近红外,甚至到中红外;光谱分辨率达到纳米级。
2.光谱信息与图像信息有机结合。
在高光谱影像数据中,每一像元对应于一条光谱曲线,整个数据是光谱影像的立方体,具有空间图像维和光谱维。
部分城市经纬度
大同
E113o16,
N40o05,
ON60PB
阳泉
E113o36,
N37o53,
OM67TV
榆次
E112o44z
N37o40,
OM67IP
长治
E113o06,
N36o10,
OM66NE
侯马
EllIO20,
N35o37,
OM55PO
山东省：经度纬度GL定位
济南
E117o
N36o38,
OM86MP
闽侯
E119o18,
N26。
OL96PA
三明
E117o36,
N26o13,
OL86TF
龙岩
E117o02,
N25o08,
OL85MP
泉州
E118o40z
N24o59,
OL94IX
漳州
E117o39,
N24o32,
OL84TM
厦门
E118o06,
N24o29,
OL94BL
四川省：经度纬度GL泄位
成都
E104o05,
PN22MW
通化
E125o53,
N41o46,
PN21WS
吉林
E126o32,
N43o52,
PN47KQ
延吉
E129o29,
N42o57,
PN57DJ
辽宁省：经度纬度GL泄位
沈阳
E123o24,
N41o50,
PNlIQU
朝阳
E120o25,
N41o32,
PNOlEM
锦州
E121o05,
N41o07,
PNOlNC
旅大
2024届山东省聊城市莘县第一中学英语高三上期末联考模拟试题含解析
2024届山东省聊城市莘县第一中学英语高三上期末联考模拟试题注意事项：1．答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写清楚，将条形码准确粘贴在考生信息条形码粘贴区。
2．选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂；非选择题必须使用0．5毫米黑色字迹的签字笔书写，字体工整、笔迹清楚。
3．请按照题号顺序在各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。
4．保持卡面清洁，不要折叠，不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。
第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1．It s a good idea to get students to retell a story their own words．A．of B．in C．by D．through2．—Next week I will go to a job interview. will you give me some suggestions? —Smiling is a great way to make yourself ________.A．stand out B．turn outC．work out D．pick out3．_______ in my life impressed me so deeply as my first visit to the Palace Museum. A．Anything B．NothingC．Everything D．Something4．In Sydney, there’s only ________ average of 23 days a year when ________ sun doesn’t shine.A．the, the B．an, / C．an, the D．the, /5．Don’ t worry. A number of efforts are being made ______ the whole system operating normally.A．being kept B．keptC．keeping D．to keep6．Do you know that ______ chairman of the meeting has announced that Mr Hodge has beenmade ______ manager of this factory?A．the, the B．/, the C．the, / D．a, a7．At the back of the old temple __________ twelve huge stone statues together with__________ pagoda.A．does stand; a 8-storeyed B．do stand; a 8- storyC．stands; an 8-storey D．stand; an 8- storied8．If you want to lead a happy life, you’d better learn to accept life ______ it is.A．as B．thatC．which D．where9．-My computer doesn't work!-Robert is a computer expert. How I wish he______ with me.A．came B．had comeC．is coming D．has come10．What impressed me most about the movie were the ________ filmed in New York. A．scenery B．scenesC．sights D．views11．You have a big mouth, Tom. You have told everybody the secret. A．can’t B．mustn’tC．shouldn’t D．mightn’t12．Nine in ten parents said there were significant differences in their approach to educating their children compared with ________ of their parents.A．those B．one C．that D．it13．It is unwise to disturb one who is devoted to his work. Just _____.A．face the music B．fly off the handleC．eat your words D．bite your tongue14．He let me write down his instructions sure that I would know what was after he went away.A．making; doing B．making; to doC．to make; to do D．to make; to be done15．The emoticons _____ when we want to stop a conversation, sparing us the embarrassment.A．come around B．come in handyC．come about D．come by16．Some schools, including ours, will have to make ________ in agreement with the national soccer reform.A．amusements B．adjustmentsC．appointments D．achievements17．When faced with a big challenge ________ potential failure seems to hide at every corner, maybe you've heard this advice before: “Be more confident.”A．where B．whose C．which D．of which18．—Why are you so late?—The driver couldn’t see clearly because of the fog．____, the road was too icy．A．Therefore B．Otherwise C．However D．Besides19．She was such a proud person that she would die she would admit she was wrong.A．since B．whenC．unless D．before20．_______ it is so hot, I guess we can’t do anything until after dark.A．In case B．Now that C．Even if D．As though第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
光伏发电各地辐照量数据-NASA
27 27 27 24 25 24 23 23 23 22 22 22 22 22 21 21 27 30 29 28 26 27 31 27 28 25 26 26 30 27 25 25 28 22 20 20 19 24 24
2.74000 2.74000 2.91000 2.63000 2.63000 2.63000 2.51000 2.47000 2.49000 2.48000 2.26000 2.38000 2.63000 2.46000 2.42000 2.63000 2.68000 2.87000 2.80000 2.82000 2.60000 2.66000 2.89000 2.71000 2.80000 2.60000 2.71000 2.59000 2.89000 2.68000 2.60000 2.59000 2.76000 2.29000 2.10000 2.19000 2.01000 2.39000 2.10000
130.9 130.95 124.12 125.03 131.15 130.27 129.58 117 116.3 121.4 122.1 117.13 119.1 117.32 115.98 118.35 117.67 115.43 117.97 116.58 118.67 118.05 120.33 119.47 118.46 117.11 119.12 118.05 119.02 120.27 119.27 120.18 119.54 119.1 120.13 119.45 120.32 120.51 121.67
省份 北京 天津 上海 重庆
城市 北京市 天津市 上海 重庆 石家庄市 邢台市 张家口市 承德市 秦皇岛市
纬度 39.55 39.13 30.4 29.57 38.03 37.05 40.82 40.97 39.95 39.63 38.85 39.524 37.44 36.6 38.33 37.87 40.18 40.12 39.38 38.93 38.47 38.73 37.53 37.85 37.08 36.6 37.03 36.1 36.18 35 35.85 40.82 49.3 49.58 29.22 50.58 48.22 48.67
山东省聊城市2021年中考地理试卷解析版
山东省聊城市2021年中考地理试卷一、选择题(共50分)下列各小题的四个选项中，只有一项最符合题目要求。
每小题2分，共50分。
（共14题；共50分）1.北斗卫星导航系统能为全球用户提供高精度的定位和导航等服务。
北斗--G1卫星定位位置为(40°W，10°N)，如图中能正确表示其位置的是( )A. B. C. D.2.在地理课堂上，亮亮同学利用地球仪和光源演示地球的公转运动，他应该( )A. 让赤道所在平面与地球公转轨道面保持在同--水平面上B. 以光源为中心沿顺时针方向移动地球仪C. 在演示地球公转的同时，保持地球仪自西向东自转D. 让地轴北端指向光源3. 2021年3月4日至3月11日，中华人民共和国全国人民代表大会和中国人民政治协商会议(简称“两会”)在北京召开。
据此并结合如图完成下列小题。
（1）两会召开期间，地球在公转轨道上的位置位于( )A.①、②之间B.②、③之间C.③、④之间D.④、①之间（2）此时，北京( )A.低温少雨B.干旱多风C.昼长夜短D.河流进入汛期4.继“共享单车”之后，又迎来了“共享雨伞”，如果只考虑降水的影响，下列城市中，“共享雨伞”使用频率最高的是( )A. 广州B. 乌鲁木齐C. 北京D. 兰州5.读图，完成下列小题。
（1）下列描述符合苏门答腊岛的是( )A.地形以山地为主，地势东高西低B.主要气候特征是全年高温，分旱雨两季C.聚落主要分布在河流沿岸D.该地多火山地震的原因是位于板块内部（2）假如我国某经贸代表团于今年7月赴东南亚有关国家考察并采购货物。
下列产品最有可能出现在订货合同中的是( )A.苹果、棕油B.橡胶、锡C.蔬菜、牛奶D.棉花、小麦6. 2021年3月23日，一艘重型货船在苏伊士运河新航道(埃及政府在苏伊士运河东侧开凿的一-条新运河)搁浅，并造成航道堵塞。
据统计，苏伊士运河切断- -小时，世界经济损失高达26亿元人民币。
据此完成下列小题。
经纬网格与流域计算的地形指数累积分布函数及其均值差异
∫ Ｆｓａｔ ＝ λ≥（λ－＋ｆｚ珔）ｐｄｆ（λ）ｄλ ，
（２）
式 中 ：ｐｄｆ（λ）为 地 形 指 数 的 概 率 密 度 函 数 。
用ｅ 指 数 函 数 拟 合 地 形 指 数 分 布 函 数 ［１０］，很 容
易积分求出 Ｆｓａｔ，即：
Ｆ ＝ Ｆ ｅ ＝ Ｆ ｅ ， ｓａｔ
ｍａｘ －Ｃｓ（λ－λ－）
然对数，α 为单位等高线长的上坡汇流面积，β为该 点处地面的坡降梯度 （即 局 部 坡 度 角）；λ珔 为 流 域 平
∫ 均地形指数 １ Ａ
Ａ
ｌｎ
ａ
ｄＡ
０ ｔａｎβ
，Ａ 为流域的面积；ｆ 为
土 壤 饱 和 导 水 率 随 土 壤 深 度 的 衰 减 系 数 ，假 定 空 间
均匀。
ｚｉ≤０ 的 区 域，即 为 饱 和 区，在 饱 和 区 的 降 水 直接形成地 表 径 流。 根 据 式 （１），在 ｆ 空 间 均 匀 假
定下，对于相同地形 指 数 的 点，其 产 流 特 性 是 相 同
的，地 形 指 数 大 的 区 域，地 下 水 埋 深 浅，容 易 形 成
饱和 区；反 之，地 形 指 数 小 的 区 域 不 易 形 成 饱 和 区 。 此 外 ，根 据 式 （１），在 流 域 平 均 地 下 水 埋 深 为ｚ珔 时 ，ｌｎ（α／ｔａｎβ）≥ｆｚ珔＋λ珔 的 区 域 为 饱 和 区 ，其 占 流 域 的分数 Ｆｓａｔ可根据 地 形 指 数 分 布 函 数 对ｌｎ（α／ｔａｎβ） ≥ｆｚ珔＋λ珔 的 范 围 积 分 求 得 ，即 ：
第 ３１ 卷 第 ６ 期 ２０１２ 年ＡＵ ＭＥＴＥＯＲＯＬＯＧＹ
Ｖｏｌ．３１ Ｎｏ．６ Ｄｅｃｅｍｂｅｒ，２０１２
肖 燕，邓慧平，孙菽芬．经纬网格与流域计算的地形指数累积分布函数及其均值差异分析［Ｊ］．高原气象，２０１２，３１（６）：１６８２ －１６８９．