Vacuum Testing
真空极端温度环境下不同MoS_(2)涂层分离螺母装置解锁性能研究
~120℃）下，开展了磁控溅射 MoS2 涂层和树脂基 MoS2 涂层的性能测试工作，对两种不同 MoS2 减摩涂 层进行了试块级摩擦性能评价。球-盘摩擦磨损试验 摩擦副为钢/MoS2 膜，试块基体为 PH13-8Mo 沉淀硬
化不锈钢，磁控溅射 MoS2 涂层厚度不到 1μm，树脂 基 MoS2 涂层厚度约为 10μm。试验采用专用的真空 高低温摩擦学性能测试箱进行，测试箱如图 2 所示， 能够实现真空度≤30Pa 的目标，试块装夹状态如图 3 所示，采用轴盘测试方法[9]测试试块的摩擦性能，测 试原理如图 4 所示。
2 分离螺母装置解锁性能
为了进一步评价采用磁控溅射 MoS2 和树脂基
MoS2 两种涂层的分离螺母装置在真空极端高低温环
国内外研究人员对 MoS2膜摩擦学特性做了大量 的研究，使得 MoS2 制备工艺和性能得到很大改善。 上官爱红研究发现进入真空环境后，MoS2 固体润滑 运动部件表面可能出现冷焊现象，从而增加磨损，降 低运动部件寿命，而运动部件表面磁控溅射 MoS2 涂 层可以避免冷焊。此外，运动部件表面涂层若长期在 -100~100℃环境中，可能会因结构部件热胀冷缩，影 响润滑膜的附着性，润滑膜的线膨胀系数应与基体材 料线膨胀系数匹配[8]。为研究航天广泛使用的分离螺 母装置在真空-100~120℃下的真空环境适应性，本文 对磁控溅射沉积型 MoS2 和树脂基粘接型 MoS2两种不 同工艺状态的 MoS2 涂层进行性能评价，包括试块级 的摩擦性能测试和装置级的解锁性能测试。
1 摩擦试块测试
1.1 试验材料选取和 MoS2涂层制备 采用磁控溅射 MoS2 涂层和树脂基 MoS2 涂层试
块。基体材料为 PH13-8Mo 沉淀硬化不锈钢，两种涂 层喷涂后的实物状态如图 1 所示。磁控溅射MoS2涂层
镀膜真空术语全集(中英文对照)
镀膜真空术语全集(中英文对照）5.分压真空计（分压分析器）5—1。
射频质谱仪radio frequency mass spectrometer：5-2。
四极质谱仪（四级滤质器）quadrupole mass spectrometer；quadrupole mass filer：5—3.单极质谱仪momopole mass spectrometer：5-4.双聚焦质谱仪double focusing mass spectrometer：5—5.磁偏转质谱仪magnetic deflection mass spectrometer：5-6.余摆线聚焦质谱仪trochoidal focusing mass spectrometer：5—7.回旋质谱仪omegatron mass spectrometer：5-8.飞行时间质谱仪time of flight mass spectrometer:6。
真空计校准6-1。
标准真空计reference gauges:6—2。
校准系统system of calibration：6—3.校准系数K calibration coefficient：6—4。
压缩计法meleod gauge method：6-5.膨胀法expansion method:6-6。
流导法flow method：4. 1。
真空系统vacuum system1—1.真空机组pump system：1-2.有油真空机组pump system used oil ：1—3。
无油真空机组oil free pump system1-4.连续处理真空设备continuous treatment vacuum plant：1-5。
闸门式真空系统vacuum system with an air—lock：1—6.压差真空系统differentially pumped vacuum system:1—7。
进气系统gas admittance system:2。
解决汽车出故障英语作文
解决汽车出故障英语作文Troubleshooting Automotive Faults: A Comprehensive Guide.Automotive faults are inevitable occurrences that can disrupt the smooth operation of a vehicle. Understanding the common causes of these faults and employing effective troubleshooting techniques is crucial for ensuringefficient and reliable vehicle performance. This comprehensive guide will provide an in-depth analysis of automotive fault troubleshooting, empowering you to address and resolve these issues with confidence.Diagnostic Tools and Equipment.Accurate fault diagnosis requires the use of specialized tools and equipment. These include:Multimeter: Used for measuring voltage, current, and resistance.Scan tool: Provides OBD-II fault codes and allows for system diagnostics.Oscilloscope: Analyzes electrical signals to detect intermittent faults.Compression tester: Measures engine cylinder pressure.Vacuum gauge: Checks vacuum levels in the intake manifold.Fuel pressure gauge: Measures fuel pressure at thefuel rail.Battery tester: Assesses battery voltage and health.Common Automotive Faults.Automotive faults can manifest in various forms, affecting different vehicle systems. Some of the most common faults include:Engine misfiring: Caused by ignition system faults,fuel system issues, or mechanical problems.Stalling: Occurs when the engine stops running due to fuel or electrical system faults.Hard starting: Difficult to start the engine due to battery issues, fuel system problems, or ignition system malfunctions.Rough idling: Engine runs unevenly due to ignition, fuel, or vacuum system issues.Power loss: Reduced engine performance due to turbocharger or intercooler problems, fuel system limitations, or transmission issues.Transmission problems: Difficulty shifting gears, slipping gears, or erratic shifting due to transmissionfluid issues, sensor malfunctions, or mechanical breakdowns.Electrical system faults: Malfunctions in lighting, indicators, charging system, or power distribution network.Suspension problems: Noise, vibration, or unstable handling due to worn or damaged suspension components.Brake problems: Reduced braking effectiveness, squealing noise, or shuddering during braking due to worn pads, rotors, or master cylinder issues.Troubleshooting Techniques.Effective troubleshooting involves a systematic approach to identify and resolve faults:1. Gather Information: Observe the vehicle's symptoms, interview the driver, and review maintenance records.2. Inspect Visually: Check for loose connections, damaged components, and signs of fluid leaks.3. Electrical Testing: Use a multimeter to checkbattery voltage, fusible links, and electrical circuits.4. Data Analysis: Interpret diagnostic trouble codes (DTCs) obtained from the scan tool and analyze live data streams.5. Physical Examination: Test mechanical components such as compression, vacuum, fuel pressure, and transmission operation.6. Repair and Replacement: Replace or repair faulty components based on the diagnosis and manufacturer's specifications.7. Verification: Test the repaired vehicle to ensure the fault has been resolved and the system is operating as intended.Advanced Troubleshooting.Complex automotive faults may require more sophisticated diagnostic techniques:Oscilloscope Analysis: Detect intermittent electrical signals and identify abnormalities in circuits.Smoke Testing: Identify vacuum leaks or exhaust gas leaks using a smoke machine.Pressure Testing: Check for leaks in fuel lines, cooling system, or vacuum circuits using a pressure gauge.Road Testing: Simulate real-world conditions to replicate and observe specific faults.Tips for Efficient Troubleshooting.Gather reliable information: Accurate symptom description and maintenance history aid diagnosis.Use appropriate tools: Right tools for the job ensure efficient troubleshooting.Follow a systematic approach: Step-by-steptroubleshooting avoids random part replacement.Reference technical manuals: For specific fault codes and repair procedures.Consider safety precautions: Wear personal protective equipment and follow safety protocols.Seek professional assistance when necessary: Don't hesitate to consult an experienced mechanic for complex faults.Conclusion.Troubleshooting automotive faults effectively requires a combination of knowledge, diagnostic tools, and methodical troubleshooting techniques. By understanding the common causes of faults, employing the right tools, and following a systematic approach, you can diagnose and resolve these issues with confidence, ensuring reliable and efficient vehicle performance. For complex faults, seeking professional assistance from an experienced mechanic isrecommended to ensure proper repair and restoration of vehicle functionality.。
无菌工艺模拟试验指南 英语
无菌工艺模拟试验指南英语Aseptic Processing Simulation Test GuideAseptic processing is a critical aspect of pharmaceutical and medical device manufacturing, ensuring the sterility and safety of products. The implementation of a comprehensive aseptic processing simulation test is essential to validate the effectiveness of the aseptic techniques and procedures employed in the production environment. This guide provides a detailed overview of the key elements and considerations for conducting a successful aseptic processing simulation test.The primary objective of an aseptic processing simulation test is to assess the ability of the manufacturing personnel to maintain sterile conditions throughout the entire production process. This includes the proper gowning procedures, aseptic manipulations, equipment handling, and environmental monitoring. The simulation test should closely mimic the actual production process, allowing for the identification and resolution of any potential weaknesses or areas of improvement.One of the crucial components of the aseptic processing simulationtest is the selection of the appropriate microbiological media and challenge organisms. The media should be capable of supporting the growth of a wide range of microorganisms, including bacteria, yeasts, and molds. The challenge organisms should be representative of the potential contaminants that may be encountered in the production environment. Common examples include Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, and Candida albicans.The simulation test should be designed to evaluate the entire aseptic process, from the initial gowning and preparation of the work area to the final product handling and packaging. This includes the assessment of the following key elementsGowning ProceduresThe proper donning and doffing of the required personal protective equipment (PPE), such as sterile gowns, gloves, masks, and head coverings, is crucial to maintaining the sterile environment. The simulation test should assess the ability of the personnel to correctly don and remove the PPE without compromising the sterile integrity.Aseptic ManipulationsThe simulation test should evaluate the personnel's ability to perform aseptic manipulations, such as the transfer of materials, the handling of equipment, and the execution of critical process steps. This includes the assessment of hand-eye coordination, dexterity,and adherence to established aseptic techniques.Environmental MonitoringThe simulation test should incorporate environmental monitoring to assess the cleanliness of the work area and the effectiveness of the facility's air handling and filtration systems. This may include the use of settle plates, active air samplers, and surface monitoring techniques to detect the presence of viable microorganisms.Media Fill TestingMedia fill testing is a critical component of the aseptic processing simulation test. This involves the use of a sterile growth medium, such as soybean-casein digest medium (SCDM), to simulate the actual production process. The test assesses the ability of the personnel to maintain sterile conditions throughout the entire process, from the preparation of the growth medium to the final product filling or packaging.Incubation and EvaluationThe inoculated media fill samples should be incubated under appropriate conditions to allow for the growth of any potential contaminants. The samples are then evaluated for the presence of microbial growth, which can indicate a breach in the aseptic process.Data Analysis and ReportingThe results of the aseptic processing simulation test should be thoroughly analyzed and documented. This includes the evaluation of the environmental monitoring data, the media fill test results, and any observed deviations or issues during the simulation. The analysis should identify any areas of concern and provide recommendations for corrective actions or process improvements.The frequency and scope of the aseptic processing simulation test should be determined based on the complexity of the manufacturing process, the risk profile of the products, and the regulatory requirements. In general, the simulation test should be conducted at least annually, or more frequently if significant process changes or deviations occur.It is important to note that the aseptic processing simulation test is not a one-time event but rather a continuous process of evaluation and improvement. The results of the simulation test should be used to identify and address any weaknesses in the aseptic techniques and procedures, as well as to provide valuable feedback for the ongoing training and development of the manufacturing personnel.In conclusion, the aseptic processing simulation test is a critical component of ensuring the sterility and safety of pharmaceutical and medical products. By implementing a comprehensive simulation test, manufacturers can validate the effectiveness of their asepticprocesses, identify areas for improvement, and ultimately enhance the quality and reliability of their products.。
半导体FAB常用单词
半导体FAB常用单词◎ A开头的单字◎1. Abort 取消操作2. Abnormal 异常3. Acetic Acid（CH3COOH）醋酸4. Acetone（CH3COCH3）丙酮5. Acid 酸6. Add 增加7. Adjust 调整8. Air Shower 洁净走道9. Alignment 对准10. Alloy 合金11. Aluminum（Al）铝12. Ammonia（NH4OH）氢氧化胺（俗称:氨水）13. Analysis 分析 m~H14. AR 氩气15. Automation 自动化◎ B开头的单字◎1. Bake 烘烤2. Bank 暂存3. Barcode 条形码4. Batch 整批5. BHLD 被工程师或客户Bank Hold短时间内不会Run的货6. Blue Tape 蓝膜7. Boat 石英晶舟8. Bottom 底部9. Breakdown Voltage 击穿电压10. Broken 破片；损坏11. Buffer 生产暂存区12. Buffer Chemical 缓冲液◎ C开头的单字◎1. Calibration 校正；调整2. Camera 照相机；摄影机3. Cancel 清除4. Candela（cd）烛光5. Cart 手推车6. Cassette 晶舟7. Certify 技能认证8. Chamber 反应室9. Charge 电荷10. Chipping 崩裂11. Chip Suction Pen 真空吸笔12. Chip Transfer - m(Machine) 翻转机13. Clean Bench 清洗台14. Clean Room 洁净室15. Cleaning 清洗 IF16. Cleaning Sequence 清洗程序17. Clear 清除18. Coat 涂布19. Coater 上光阻机台20. Coating 上光阻；涂布上整个表面21. Completed 结束；完成22. Confirm 确认23. Contact 接触24. Contamination 污染25. Control Wafer（C/W）控片26. Controller 控制器27. Cooling Water 冷却水28. Crucible，Pot 坩埚29. Curing 烘烤30. Customer 客户31. CVD(Chemical Vapor Deposition) 化学汽相沉积32. Cycle Time 生产周期◎ D开头的单字◎1. Daily Monitor 每日检测2. Data 资料；数据3. Date 日期4. Defect 缺点；缺陷5. Defocus 散焦；无法聚焦6. Del(Delete) 清除；删除7. Delay 延迟8. Department 部门9. Deposition（DEP）沉积10. Develop 显影11. Developer 显影器；显影液12. Die，Chip 晶粒（台）；芯片（陆）13. DI Water 去离子水14. Dicing 切割15. Down 当机16. Drain 泄出17. Dry Etching 干蚀刻18. Dry Pump 干式(无油封)的真空泵19. Dummy Wafer（D/W）挡片◎ E开头的单字◎1. E/R(Etching Rate) 蚀刻率2. Emergency Stop 紧急停止3. EMO 紧急停止按钮4. Endpoint 终点值5. Engineer 工程师6. Epi –wafer 磊晶片（台）；外延片（陆）7. Equipment 机台；设备8. Error Message 错误讯息9. Etching 蚀刻10. Evaporation 蒸镀11. Exhaust 抽出；抽风管；排(废)气12. Expanding Machine 扩张机13. Exposure 曝光；曝光量◎ F开头的单字◎1. FAC 厂务2. Facility 厂务水电气系统3. Film 薄膜4. Focus 聚焦；焦距5. Forward Current 顺向电流6. Forward Voltage（Vf）顺向电压7. FQC 最终检验员8. Furnace 炉管◎ G开头的单字◎1. Gallium（Ga）镓2. GOR(General Operation Rule) 厂区操作规则3. Group 群组◎ H开头的单字◎1. Handle 处理2. High Current 高电流3. Highlight 强调4. High Vacuum 高真空5. High Voltage 高电压6. History 歴史7. HMDS 界面活性剂8. Hold 扣留；暂停9. Hold Date 留置日期10. Hold Reason 留置原因11. Hold User 留置者12. Hot Run 很急件13. Hydrochloric Acid（HCL）盐酸14. Hydrofluoric Acid（HF）氢氟酸15. Hydrogen Peroxide（H2O2）双氧水◎ I开头的单字◎1. Idle 休息2. Initial 初始状态3. Inspection 检验4. IPA(Isopropyl Acetone) 异丙醇5. IPQC 制程检验员6. IQC 进料检验员7. Item 项目8. Iv Test Iv测试◎ J开头的单字◎1. Job 工作2. Job – Name 程序名称代号◎ K开头的单字◎1. Key Lock 功能键；指令键2. Keyboard 键盘◎ L开头的单字◎1. Leak 泄漏2. LHLD 被Hold住的货(Hold在上一站)3. Light Emitting Diode（LED）发光二极体4. Link 连结；线5. Lithography 微影6. Log 记录7. Lost 机台是清空的，无人操作机台或机台没在Run货8. Lot 批货9. Lot History Information 批货历史资料10. Lot -ID 批货编号11. Lot Information 批货信息12. Lot Note 批货批注13. Lot Note Information 批货批注信息14. Lot Owner 货主15. Lot Position 批货位置16. Lot Process Status 批货生产状态17. Lot Status 批货状态18. LPHL 被工程师Hold在当站，请依Lot Note Call工程师或执行Run Card19. Luminous Intensity（Iv）光的强度（单位:cd，mcd）◎ M开头的单字◎1. Maintain 维护2. Maintenance 维修；保护3. Manufacture 制造4. Mark 记号5. Mask 光罩6. Merge 合并7. Metal 金属8. Microscope 显微镜；实体显微镜9. Misalign 对偏10. Missing Lot 失踪批货11. Miss operation（MO）错误操作12. Multi 多重的◎ N开头的单字◎1. Native Oxide Layer 自然氧化层2. NHLD 因下一站机台正在Run货或无法Run货而设的Hold(Hold在下一站)3. Nitric Acid（NHO3）硝酸4. Nitride 氮化物5. Nitrogen（N）氮6. Normal Lot 普通货7. Notavailable 不可用的；无效的8. Notch 缺角9. Nozzle 喷嘴◎ O开头的单字◎1. OCAP (Out Of Control Action 异常状况处理计划Plan)2. Off-line 不与计算机联机；间接参与生产的人员3. OI(Operation Instruction) 操作准则4. On-line 与计算机联机；直接参与生产的人员5. Operation 操作6. Operation Cancel 操作中止；取消操作7. Operation Complete 操作完成8. Operation Number（OP.NO.）操作步骤编号9. Operation Procedure 操作流程10. Operation Start 操作开始11. Operation Start Cancel 取消＂操作开始＂12. OPI(Operator Interface) 操作接口13. Optical Aligner 光对准曝光机14. OQC 出货检验员15. Out Of Control（OOC）超出控制规格16. Out Of Spec（OOS）超出规格17. Outgassing 指附着于固体表面的气体因压力降低或热量而升华18. Oven 烤箱；炉子19. Over Etching 过度蚀刻20. Over Q-Time 超过限制时间21. Owner 负责人22. Oxide 氧化物◎ P开头的单字◎1. Parameter 参数2. Part Number 型号3. Particle 微粒子4. Passivation 护层5. Password 密码6. Pattern 图案7. Pattern Shift 图案偏移8. Peeling 剥皮；剥离9. Phosphorus（P）磷10. Phosphorus Acid（H3PO4）磷酸11. Photo 黄光12. Photolithographic Patterning 微影图案13. Photo Resist（PR）光阻；光阻液14. Photo Resist Stripper 去光阻液15. Physical Vapor Deposition(PVD) 物理汽相沉积16. Piece 片数；张数17. Plasma 电浆18. PM(Preventive Maintenance) 机台定期例行保养19. PN(Production Notice) 制造通报20. PN Junction PN结21. Post Exposure Bake 曝光后烘烤22. POD 晶片专用盒(Run货専用)23. Port 港口；舱门24. Press 压；按下25. Pressure 压力26. Priority 优先次序27. Probe 探针28. Probe Area 探索区29. Probe Card 探针卡30. Process 制程31. Product 产品32. Program 程序33. Pump Down 抽真空34. Pure Water 纯水35. Purge 清除36. Push 推动◎ Q开头的单字◎1. Q-Time 限制的时数2. Quality 品质3. Quaternary Compound 四元化合物；季化合物◎ R开头的单字◎1. Range 范围2. Rapid Thermal Processing(RTP) 快速高温处理3. Rate 速率4. Recipe 处方；程序5. Recipe ID 程序名称6. Reclaim 回收改造；外送研磨7. Record 记录8. Recover 排除；复原9. Recover Runcard 异常流程卡10. Recover Wafers 回收晶片11. Recycle 循环；再制造12. Reject 拒绝13. Release 释放；放行14. Reset 重新启动；重设15. Resistance 电阻16. Reticle 光罩17. Reverse Current（Ir）逆向电流18. Rework 重做；重工19. RHLD 机台Alarm造成货被Hold住20. Robot 机械手臂21. Rough Vacuuming 粗抽22. Route 路径；途程23. Route ID 程序编号24. RS 表面电阻25. RTA 快速热处理26. Rule 规则27. Run 执行28. Runcard（R/C）流程卡29. Rush 急件◎ S开头的单字◎1. Sapphire 蓝宝石2. Scan 扫描3. Scan Fail 扫描失效4. Scan Speed 扫描速度5. Scattering 散射6. Scrap 报废7. Scratch 刮伤8. Scrubber 刷洗器；清扫夫9. Search 搜寻10. SEMI 半自动11. Sensor 感应器12. Sequence 顺序13. Service 服务14. Set 设定15. Shift 位移；班别16. Shut Down 停机17. Sign 签名18. Signal 讯号19. Signal Tower 讯号灯20. Silicon（Si）矽(硅)21. Single 单一22. Size 尺寸；型23. Skill 技能24. Skip 跳过；跳站25. Slot ID 晶片摆放位置26. Slurry 研磨液27. Sodium Hydroxide（NaOH）氢氧化钠28. SOLID/Solid 固体29. Solvent 溶剂；缓和剂30. Sort 分类31. Sorter 排序机台32. SPC(Statistical Process Control) 统计制程管制33. Spec(Specification) 规格34. Spin Dryer 旋干机35. Split 分开；部份；分批36. Stage 站别；层次37. Status 状态38. Step 步骤39. Stress 应力40. Strip 去除41. Substrate 基板42. Sulferic Acid（H2SO4）硫酸43. Summary 摘要44. Super Hot Run（SH）超级急件45. Supervisor 督导者(课长)46. Supplier 供货商47. Supply 供给48. Support 支援49. Surface Contamination 表面污染50. Switch 按钮；开关51. System 系统◎ T开头的单字◎1. Tag 显示器2. Tank 槽3. Tape 胶带4. Target 目标5. TC(Thermal Couple) 热电偶(用以量测物体温度)6. TE(Technician) 技术员7. Technology 技术8. TECN(Temporary Engineer) 临时工程变更通知单(Change Notice)9. Telephone 电话10. Temp(Temperature) 温度11. Terminal 终端机12. Terminate 终止13. Ternary Compound 三元化合物14. Testing 测试部门15. Thallium（Tl）鉈16. Thermionic Filament 热电子灯丝17. Thin Film（T/F）薄膜18. Thin Film Deposition 薄膜沉积19. Thickness（THK）厚度20. Thickness Uniformity 厚度的均匀度21. Throttle 节流阀22. Throughput 生产速度23. Tilt 倾斜24. Timeout 时限已到25. Title 标题26. Tool ID 机台编号27. Tool Name 机台名称28. Tools 工具29. Track in/out 入/出帐30. Training 训练31. Transfer 晶片传送；翻转32. Transport 输送33. Tray 指High Current上放Cassette的基座(有三个)34. Trend 趋势35. Trolley 推车36. Trouble 麻烦；异常；问题37. Trouble Over 故障结束38. Tune 调机39. Tuning 调机中40. Turbo Pump 分子涡轮真空泵41. Turn Rate（T/R）晶片周转率42. Twist 晶片旋转角度43. Type 类型；型态◎ U开头的单字◎1. Ultrasonic Cleaner (Supersonic超音波清洗机cleaner)2. Underdeveloped 显影不良3. Under – Etching 蚀刻不足4. Uniformity（U%）均匀度5. Unit 单位6. Unload 收货7. Unlock 开关放松8. Update 更改9. Use 使用10. User ID 使用者编号11. User Name 使用者名称◎ V开头的单字◎1. Vacuum（VAC.）真空2. Vacuum Evaporator 真空蒸镀机3. Vacuum Gauge 真空压力计4. Vacuum Pump 真空泵5. Valve 阀6. Vapor 蒸气7. Vender(Vendor) 厂商8. Vent 泄漏9. Venting 破真空10. Verify 确认11. Vf Test Vf测试12. Vf Tester Vf测试机13. View Angle 视角；发光角度（单位:deg)14. Voltage（V）电压◎ W开头的单字◎1. Wafer 晶片（台）；外延片（陆）2. Wafer Actual Output 实际晶片产3. Wafer ID(#) 刻号(#)4. Wafer Out 晶片产出量5. Wafer Pcs(Pieces) 晶片片数6. Wafer Stage 晶片承载台7. Waste Chemicals Collection 废液回收箱8. WAT(Wafer Accept Test) 晶片接收侦测9. Water Mark 水痕10. Wet Etching 湿蚀刻11. Wet Etching System 湿蚀刻系统12. Wheel High Current上固定晶片旋转植入的轮盘13. White Tape 白膜14. Whole Dicing 全切15. Width 宽度16. WIP Lot List 在制品的批货清单◎ X开头的单字◎1. X-ray X射线◎ Y开头的单字◎1.Yield 良率◎ Z开头的单字◎1. Zero 零层2. Zoom(Zoom In/Zoom Out) 调整自由焦距镜头。
机械词汇英语翻译(U-Z)
机械词汇的英语翻译（U-Z）u bend u 形管u bolt u 形螺栓u ir on 槽钢u piec e 双肘管u pipe u形管u tube u 形管u tube manometer u 形压力计uec m超声电解加工uedm 超声电火花加工ultimate analysis 元素分析ultimate load 极限负荷ultimate load design 极限载荷设计ultimate pr essur e极限压力ultimate str ength 极限强度ultimate str ess 极限应力ultimate vac uum 极限真空度ultr ac entrifuge 超离心机ultr ahigh pr essure 超高压ultr ahigh speed machining 超高速机械加工ultr ahigh strength steel 超高强度钢ultr ahigh vacuum 超高真空ultr alow electrode wear machining 超低损耗加工ultr am icr oscope 超高倍显微镜ultr aprecision machining 超精密加工ultr asoinc lapping 超声研磨ultr asonic atom izer 超声雾化器ultr asonic cleaning 超声波清洗ultr asonic drilling 超声钻法ultr asonic drilling mac hine超声波钻床ultr asonic edm超声电火花加工ultr asonic electr o dischar ge mac hining 超声电火花加工ultr asonic electr ochemical mac hining 超声电解加工ultr asonic flaw detector 超声波探伤仪ultr asonic flow meter 超声波量计ultr asonic gener ator 超声波振荡器超声波发生器ultr asonic inspection 超声波探伤法ultr asonic mac hine 超声波加工机ultr asonic mac hining 超声波加工ultr asonic metal for ming 超声塑性加工ultr asonic m icr oscope 超声波显微镜ultr asonic perfor ating mac hine 超声波钻床ultr asonic perfor ation 超声钻法ultr asonic slicing mac hine超声切片机床ultr asonic soldering 超声波针焊ultr asonic testing 超声波探伤法ultr asonic thic kness gage超声波测厚仪ultr asonic vibr ation c utting 超声振动切削ultr asonic wave超声波ultr asonic welding 超声波焊接ultr aviolet r adiation 紫外线辐射ultr aviolet r ays 紫外线unattended oper ation 无人值班的运行unbalanc e 不平衡unbalanc e indic ator 不均衡指示器unbalanc e moment 不平衡力矩unbalanc e toleranc e容许不平衡量unbalanc ed mass 不均衡质量unc oiler 展卷机undamped oscillation 非衰减振荡undamped vibration 非衰减振荡underc arriage 起落架underc ooling 过冷undercutting 根切underfeed furnac e 下部供燃料炉underfr ame 底架under ground gasific ation 地下气化under ground r ailway 地下铁道under ground water 地下水underload 欠载under shot wheel 下射水轮under size 筛下产品undervoltage relay 低电压继电器underwater c utting 水下切割underwater r obot 水中机扑;水下机扑underwater welding 水下焊接undulatory motion 波动unequal angle 不等边角钢unfinished bolt 毛螺栓unhooking 摘钩uniaxial str ess 单向应力unifor m acc eler ation 等加速度unifor m c ircular motion 等速圆周运动unifor m distribution 均匀分布unifor m flow 均匀流unifor m load 均匀负荷unifor m motion 等速运动unifor m movement 等速运动unifor m pr essur e 均匀压力unifor m sc ale 均匀标度unifor m velocity 等速度unifor m ity 均匀性unifor m ly acceler ated motion 等加速度运动unifor m ly distributed load 等分布荷重unifor m ly r etarded motion 匀减速运动union nut 联管螺帽unit 单位unit bor e system 基孔制unit built machine tool 组合机床unit c ell 单位晶格unit c ooler 冷却机组unit of measur ement 测量单位unit of toler anc e公差单位unit shaft system 基轴制unit type head 动力头unit vector 单位矢量universal c huc k 自动定心卡盘universal dividing head 万能分度头universal drilling machine 万能钻床universal gas c onstant 通用气体常数universal gr avitation 万有引力universal grinder 万能磨床universal industrial r obot 万能工业机扑universal j oint 万向接头universal j oint drive万向节传动universal j oint for k 万向节叉universal j oint shaft 万向节轴universal j oint yoke 万向节叉universal mac hine tool 通用机床universal measuring m icr osc ope万能测定显微镜universal miller 万能铣床universal milling mac hine万能铣床universal screw wrench 活动]扳手universal testing mac hine万能材料试验机universal tool and cutter grinder 万能工具磨床unloaded weight 空车重量unloader卸荷阀unloader valve 卸荷阀unloading 卸荷;卸载unloading valve 卸荷阀unmanned aircr aft 无人驾驶飞机unmanned factory 无人工厂unmanned manufactur e无人生产过程unmanned oper ation 无人值班的运行unmanned war ehouse无人仓库unrivet 起铆钉unsatur ated c ompound 不饱和化合物unsatur ated vapor 末饱和蒸汽unscr ew 松螺丝unscr ewing 拧下unsolder 拆开焊缝unsprung weight 弹簧下重量unstable equilibrium 不稳定平衡unstable state 不稳定状态unsteady flow 非定常流不稳定流unsteady heat conduction 不稳定导热up m illing 逆铣up stroke 上升冲程upc urrent 上升气流updr aft 上升气流upflow 上升气流upper dead center 上死点upper deviation 上偏差upper die 上模upper lim it 上限upper slide 上滑板upright drilling mac hine 立式钻床upset butt welding 电阻对焊接upset welding 电阻对焊接upsetter 锻头机upsetting 镦粗upsetting machine 锻头机upsetting test 镦粗试验uptake flue 上升烟道ur anium 铀ur anium enrichment 铀浓缩ur anium fuel 铀燃料ur anium hexafluoride六氟化铀ur anium oxide 氧化铀ur anium r eactor 铀反应堆urban bus 市区公共汽车urea r esin 尿素尸urgency stop 紧急停止uric acid 尿酸used air 废气used c ar 旧汽车used lubric ating oil 废油used sand 旧砂useful ener gy 有效能useful horsepower 有效功率useful load 有效负载useful wor k有效功user pr ogr am 用户程序user's manual 使用说瞄usf 超声塑性加工usl 超声研磨utility aircr aft 通用飞机utility boiler 动力锅炉utilization coefficient 利用率utilization factor 利用率uvc 超声振动切削v belt 三角皮带v belt drive 三角皮带传动v block v 形铁v block br ake 楔形闸v engine v 形发动机v gr oove br ake 楔形闸v guide v 形导轨v pulley 三角皮带轮v sec m 立式电解成形机v tail 蝶形尾部v thr ead 三角螺纹v type engine v型发动机v type tail v 形尾翼vacc um meter 真空计vac uum 真空vac uum annealing 真空退火vac uum arc fur nac e真空电弧炉vac uum bottle 热水瓶vac uum br ake 真空制动器vac uum c apper 真空封瓶器vac uum c apping machine 真空封瓶器vac uum c asting 真空铸造vac uum c ement 真空封泥vac uum c hamber 真空室vac uum c huc k 真空卡盘vac uum cleaner 吸尘器vac uum degassing 真空除气vac uum distillation 真空蒸馏vac uum drying 真空干燥vac uum evapor ation 真空蒸发;真空涂膜vac uum evapor ator 直空蒸发器;真空涂膜器vac uum filler 真空填充器vac uum filter 真空过滤机vac uum filtr ation 真空过滤vac uum for m ing 真空成形vac uum freeze drying 真空冷冻干燥vac uum freezing 真空冷冻vac uum fusion 真空熔化vac uum gauge 真空计vac uum gr ease 真空润滑脂vac uum gripper 真空钳子vac uum hose 真空软管vac uum ignition adva nc er 真空点火提前装置vac uum impr egnation 真空浸渍vac uum indic ator 真空计vac uum induction furnac e 真空感应炉vac uum lamp 真空灯vac uum lifting device 真空提升装置vac uum measur ement 真空测量vac uum measuring instrument 真空计vac uum melting 真空熔化vac uum metallizing 真空镀敷vac uum metallurgy 真空冶金vac uum molding 真空成形vac uum oil 真空油vac uum pac kaging machine 真空包装器vac uum pump 真空泵vac uum r efriger ating mac hine真空冷冻机vac uum r eservoir 真空罐vac uum seal 真空密封vac uum seamer 罐头折边封盖机vac uum sintering 真空烧结vac uum system 真空系统vac uum tank真空罐vac uum tec hnique 真空技术vac uum test 真空试验vac uum tight 真空密封的vac uum tr ap 真空阱vac uum tube 真空管vac uum tube r ectifier 真空整流vac uum tube voltmeter 真空管电压表value 值valve 阀valve ar m 阀杆valve body 阀体valve bonnet 阀盖valve box 阀箱valve c ase 阀箱valve c asing 阀箱valve c hest 阀室valve c oc k阀栓valve c over 阀盖valve diagr am 阀动图valve follower 气门挺杆valve gear 阀动装置valve grinding 磨阀valve guard 阀档板valve guide 阀导承valve head 气门头valve in head engine顶阀式发动机valve lap 阀重叠valve lever 阀杆valve lift 阀升程valve lift curve 阀升程图valve lift diagram 阀升程图valve lifter 气门挺杆valve lifter guide阀挺杆导承valve mec hanism阀动装置valve needle 阀针valve overlap 阀重叠valve plate 阀板valve port 阀口valve position 阀位valve push rod 推阀杆valve r oc ker ar m 气阀摇杆valve r oc ker ar m shaft 阀摇臂轴valve r oc ker br ac ket 阀摇臂轴托架valve r oc ker pedestal 阀摇臂轴托架valve r oc ker shaft 阀摇臂轴valve r od 阀杆valve seat 阀座valve seating 磨阀valve setting 阀蝶valve spring 阀弹簧valve stem 阀杆valve str oke 阀升程valve tappet 气门挺杆valve tappet clear anc e气门挺杆间隙valve tappet guide阀挺杆导承valve tim ing 阀定时valve tim ing gear 阀定时装置valveless engine 无气门式发动机van 箱式货车van der waals' equation 范德瓦耳斯方程vanadium钒vanadium steel 钒钢vane 叶片vane anemometer 翼式风速计vane c ompr essor 叶片式压缩机vane flowmeter 转子式量表vane motor 叶轮式油压马达vane pump 叶轮泵vane wheel 叶轮vaned diffuser 叶片式扩散器vaneless diffuser 无叶片式扩散器无导连的扩压器vapoize 蒸发vapor 蒸汽vapor cycle 蒸气循环vapor loc k 蒸汽汽塞vapor pr essur e 蒸汽压力vapor pump 蒸汽喷射泵vaporimeter 蒸气压力表vaporization 蒸发vaporizer 蒸发器vapour 蒸汽variable 变数variable acceler ation 可变加速度variable c apacitor 可变电容器variable c ondenser 可变电容器variable delivery pump 可变容积泵variable density wind tunnel 变密度风洞variable displacement motor 可变排量马达variable displacement pump 可变容积泵variable geometry wing 可变翼variable load 可变负荷variable mass 变质量variable pitch propeller 可掂螺旋桨variable r esistanc e 可变电阻variable r esistor 可变电阻器variable section 可变断面variable speed drive变速传动variable sweep aircraft 可变翼飞机variable sweep wing 可变翼variable voltage transfor mer 可变电压变压器variable wing air plane 可变翼飞机varianc e 方差varianc e analysis 方差分析varignon's theorem 范力农定理varistor 非线性电阻var nish 漆var nishing 涂漆varying str ess 变应力vaseline 凡士林vector 矢量vector analysis 向量分析vector diagr am 向量图vector field 向量场vector pr oduct 矢量积vee guide v 形导轨vee pulley 三角皮带轮vegetable oil 植物油vehicle 运载工具vehicle hoist 升车机velocimeter 速度计velocity 速度velocity c oefficient 速度系数velocity c urve 速度曲线velocity diagr am 速度图velocity distribution 速度分布velocity gr adient 速度梯度velocity head 速头velocity of blade叶片速度velocity of flow 临velocity of propagation of flame 火焰传播速度velocity of sound 声速velocity pic k up 速度传感器velocity potential 速度势velocity r ange 速度范围velocity r atio 传动比velocity selector 速度选择器velocity stage 速度级velocity triangle速度三角形velox boiler 韦洛克斯锅炉vena c ontr acta 射留缩vending mac hine 自动售货机veneer 单板veneer lathe 剥皮机vent 放气孔vent hole 放气孔vent valve 通气阀vent wire 通气针ventilating fan 通风机ventilation 换气ventilation flue 通风道ventilation installation 通风装置ventilation pipe 通风管ventilation plant 通风装置ventilation system通风系统ventilator 通风机venturi tube 文丘里管venturimeter 文氏管量计ver bal instruction 口头指示verific ation 检验ver nier 游标ver nier bevel protr actor 游标量角器ver nier c aliper 游标卡尺ver nier depth gage 游标深度卡尺ver nier dial 游标刻度盘ver nier engine 游标发动机ver nier gear tooth c aliper 游标齿厚规ver nier gear tooth gage游标齿厚规ver nier height gage高度规ver satile robot 万能机扑ver satility 万能性vertic al axis wind tur bine 竖轴风车vertic al boiler 立式锅炉vertic al broac hing mac hine 立式拉床vertic al compr essor 立式压缩机vertic al conveyor 立式输送机vertic al drilling mac hine立式钻床vertic al electr ochemical for m ing machine 立式电解成形机vertic al engine 立式发动机vertic al feed 垂直进给vertic al feed scr ew 垂直进给丝杠vertic al fin 垂直安定面vertic al forc e 垂直力vertic al gyrosc ope垂直陀螺仪vertic al jounal 枢轴vertic al journal 枢轴颈vertic al lathe 立式车床vertic al m illing head 立铣头vertic al m illing mac hine立式铣床vertic al proj ection 垂直投影vertic al pump 立式泵vertic al shaft 立轴vertic al shaft turbine 立轴式涡轮机vertic al slide 垂直滑板vertic al speed indicator 升降速度表vertic al spindle surfac e grinder 立轴平面磨床vertic al tail 垂直尾翼vertic al tail plane 水平安定面vertic al take off and landing 垂直起落vertic al take off and landing aircraft 垂直起落机vertic al tur bine立轴式涡轮机vertic al tur ning and boring m ill 立式车床vertic al turr et lathe立式转塔车床vertic al water tube boiler 立式水管锅炉vertic al welding 垂直焊very large scale integr ation 超大规模集成电路vessel 船vibr ating c hute 振动式滑槽vibr ating c ompactor 振动压实机vibr ating c onveyor 振动输送机vibr ating feeder 振动式给料机vibr ating mill 振动式磨矿机vibr ating motor 振动歧动机vibr ating plate 振动板vibr ating r eed fr equency meter 振簧式频率计vibr ating scr een 振动筛vibr ating sieve 振动筛vibr ating table 振动台vibr ating tamper 振动夯vibr ating trough 振动槽vibr ation 振动vibr ation absorber 振动阻尼器vibr ation acc eler ation 振动加速度vibr ation amplitude 振动振幅vibr ation analysis 振动分析vibr ation damper 减震器vibr ation damping 减振vibr ation engineering 振动工程vibr ation exc iter 振动发生器振动激励器vibr ation fr equency 频率vibr ation galvanometer 振动式检疗vibr ation gener ator 振动发生器振动激励器vibr ation isolation 振动绝缘vibr ation isolation material 隔振材料vibr ation level 振动级vibr ation mac hine 振动器振动机vibr ation measur ement 振动测定vibr ation meter 振动计vibr ation mode 振动方式vibr ation node 振动节点vibr ation period 振动周期vibr ation pic kup 振动传感器vibr ation pr oof 耐振的vibr ation r ec order 示振器振动显示器vibr ation r esistanc e抗振性vibr ation r oller 振动式碾压机vibr ation spectrum 振动谱vibr ation system 振动系统vibr ation test 振动试验vibr ation tester 振动试验机vibr ation theory 振动理论vibr ator 振动器振子vibr ator motor 振动歧动机vibr atory c entrifuge振荡离心机vibr atory crusher 振动破碎机vibr atory feeder 振动式给料机vibr atory pile driver 振动打桩机vibr atory plate c ompactor 振动板压实机vibr atory tr ansport 振动运输vibr ograph 示振器振动显示器vibr oisolating material 隔振材料vibr ometer 振动计vibr om ill 振动式磨矿机vibr opacker 振动包装机vibr oscope 振动计vice 虎钳vice jaw 虎钳口vice scr ew 虎钳螺杆vicker s hardness 维氏硬度vicker s hardness tester 维氏硬度试验机video monitor 视频监视器video tape r ecor der 磁带录像机view 视图view finder 检影器取景器viewfinder 取景器vinegar 醋vinyl chloride 氯乙烯vinyl r esin 乙烯基尸virial c oefficient 维里系数virtual displac ement 虚位移virtual image 虚象virtual work 虚功visc oelastic body 粘弹体visc oelastic material 粘弹性材料visc oelastic model 粘弹性模型visc oelasticity 粘弹性visc ometer 粘度计visc ometry 粘度测定法visc oplastic material 粘塑性材料visc oplasticity 粘塑性visc osimetry 粘度测定法visc osity 粘性visc osity index 粘度指数visc osity index impr over 改善粘度添加剂visc osity tachometer 粘性转数计visc ous 粘滞的visc ous damper 粘性阻尼器visc ous damping 粘性衰减visc ous drag 粘性阻力visc ous fluid 粘性铃visc ous friction 粘性摩擦visc ous r esistanc e粘性阻力visibility 可贝度visible outline 外形线visible r ays 可见光线vision 视觉visual angle 视角visual chec king 肉眼检查visual exam ination 肉眼检查visual field 视野visual inspection 肉眼检查visual observation 目视观测visual sensor 视觉感受器vitrified bond 陶瓷结合剂vlsi 超大规模集成电路voic e rec ognition 语言识别void 空隙void ratio 空隙率voids 空隙率voigt model 沃伊特模型volatile c omponent 挥发分volatile c onstituent 挥发分volatile matter 挥发物volatile substanc e挥发物volatility 挥发性volatilization 挥发volt 伏特volt amper e c har acteristic 电压电霖性volta's pile 伏打电堆voltage 电压voltage contr ol 电压蝶voltage curr ent char acteristic 电压电霖性voltage divider 分压器voltage dr op 电压降voltage fluctuation 电压波动voltage limiter 电压限制器voltage r ating 额定电压voltage regulation 电压蝶voltage regulator 电压第器voltage stabilizer 电压稳定器稳压器voltaic c ell 伏打电池voltaic pile 伏打电堆voltammeter 电压电量计voltmeter 电压表volume 体积volume c ompressibility 体积压缩率volume elasticity 体积弹性volume flow r ate体积量volume forc e 体积力volume modulus 体积弹性模量volume r atio 容积比volume shrinkage体积收缩volumenometer 容积计volumeter 容积计volumetric efficiency 容积效率;充填系数volumetric expansion 体膨胀volumetric flowmeter 容积量计volute casing 蜗形壳volute housing 蜗形壳volute pump 螺旋泵volute spring 锥形弹簧vortex 涡流旋流vortex burner 涡两喷燃器vortex c hamber 涡良烧室vortex filament 涡吝vortex flow 涡流vortex gener ator 旋涡发生器vortex motion 涡了动vortex pump 涡动泵vortex str eet 涡练vortex tube 涡旋管vorticity 涡旋性vtol 垂直起落vtol aircraft 垂直起落机vtr 磁带录像机vulc anization 硫化vulc anized fiber 刚纸vulc anized rubber 硫化橡胶vulc anizing agent 硫化剂vulc anizing autoclave硫化锅vulc anizing pr ess 平板硫化机w type engine w 形发动机wage 工资wagon 货车wagon balanc e 轨道衡wagon stock 车辆线群wagon tipper 翻车机wake 伴流walking exc avator 步行挖掘机walking mac hine 跨步式机械walking r obot 步行机扑wall 壁wall br ac ket 壁支架wall cr ane 壁装起重机wall drilling mac hine墙装钻床wall jib cr ane 墙座旋臂起重机wall slewing cr ane 墙座旋臂起重机wall soc ket 壁灯灯座wall thic kness 壁厚wankel engine 汪克尔发动机warehouse 仓库warehousing system自动化仓库系统warm ing up 暖机warning 警报warning device 报警装置warning lamp 警报灯warning light 警报灯warning signal 警告信号warp knitting loom 经编机warp knitting mac hine经编机warper整经机warping machine 整经机warping winch 绞缆机washer垫圈washing 洗涤washing machine 洗涤机waste 废物waste disposal 废物处理waste disposer 垃圾粉碎机waste gas 废气waste heat 废热waste heat boiler 废热锅炉waste heat rec overy 废热利用waste iron 废铁waste oil 废油waste pipe 排水管waste r ec overy 废物利用waste steam 废蒸汽waste steam heating 废汽供暖waste utilization 废物利用waste water 废水watch 手表watch glass 表面皿watch oil 钟表油watch spring 表簧water absorbing c apacity 吸水能力water absorption 吸水酌water br ake 水力闸water c alorimeter 水热量计water circulation 水循环water clarific ation 水的净化water c olumn 水柱water c onsumption 水消费量water c ontent 含湿量water c ooled 水冷的water c ooled bearing 水冷轴承water c ooled cylinder 水冷式气缸water c ooled engine水冷发动机water c ooled valve水冷式阀water c ooler 水冷却器water c ooling 水冷却water equivalent 水当量water examination 水质检查water filter 滤水器water gage 水位指示器水位表water gas 水煤气water gas generator 水煤气发生器water glass 水玻璃water hammer 水力冲击water hardening 水淬water head 水头water hose 水龙带water inj ection 喷水water j ac ket 水套water j et 喷射水流喷水water j et pump 喷水泵water j et vac uum pump 水喷真空泵water level 水位water level r egulator 水位第器water line 吃水线water lubric ation 水润滑water meter 水量计water of c ondensation 凝结水water of crystallization 结晶水water paint 水性涂料water per meability 透水性water pipe 供水管water pollution 水污染water power 水能water pr essur e 水压water pr oof test 防水试验water pr oofness 水密性water pump 水泵water purific ation 水净water purifier 净水器water purifying plant 净水装置water quality 水质water quenc hing 水淬water r adiator 水散热器water r am 水冲伙水机water r ate 磨耗率water r esistanc e 抗水性water r esistant paint 防水涂料water r heostat 水变阻器water ring pump 水环泵water seal 水封water separator 脱水器水分离器water sluic e valve制水阀water softening 软水法water softening plant 软水装置water supply 供水water tank 水罐water tap 水龙头water tightness 水密性water tower 贮水塔water tr eatment 水处理water tube 水管water tube boiler 水管式锅炉water vapor 蒸汽water wheel 水轮watering c ar 犬汽车waterpr oof 水密的waterpr oof c anvas 防水布waterpr oof cloth 防水布waterpr oof paint 防水涂料watertight 水密的waterworks 自来水道watt 瓦特watt hour 瓦特小时watt hour meter 积算瓦特计watt meter 电力计watthour meter 累积瓦特计wattless c urrent 无功电流wattless power 无功功率wave 波wave dr ag 波阻wave ener gy 波能wave ener gy air tur bine波能空气透平wave equation 波动方程wave for m波形wave motion 波动wave pr opagation 波的传播wave r esistanc e波阻wave shape 波形wave surfac e 波面wavelength 波长waviness 波纹度wax 蜡wax paper 蜡纸wax patter n 蜡模waxing mac hine 涂蜡机we 旋转腐蚀weak mixtur e 稀混合气weak sand 瘦砂wear 磨耗wear and abrasion resistanc e耐磨性wear c ompensation 磨耗补偿wear lim it 磨损极限wear parts 磨损部件wear proof 耐磨的wear r esistanc e 耐磨性wear r esistant 耐磨的wear r esistant c ast ir on 耐磨铸铁wear test 磨损试验wear testing mac hine磨损试验机wear out parts 磨损部件weather r esistanc e抗气候性weathering 风化weaving 织造weaving mac hine织布机web 梁腹板weber 韦伯wedge 楔wedge brake 楔形闸wedge friction wheel 槽形摩擦轮wedge wire scr een 楔形丝筛wedm电火花线切割weeder 除草器weibull distribution 韦布尔分布weigh bar shaft 回动轴weigh shaft 回动轴weighing 秤量weighing machine 秤weight 法码weight distribution 重量分布weight per br ake horsepower 每马力重量weight per unit power 单位功率重量weight r atio 重量比weight r eduction 减轻重量weighted accumulator 重锤式蓄能器weighting function 加权函数weightless state失重状态weightlessness 无重力weights and measures 度量衡weir 溢吝weld 焊接weld bead 焊道weld cr ac k焊接裂缝weld metal 熔敷金属weld penetr ation 溶透weld pool 熔池weldability 可焊性weldability test 可焊性试验welded c onstr uction 焊接结构welded j oint 焊接连接welded pipe 焊管welded pipe line焊接管道welded tube 焊管welder 焊工welding 焊接welding apparatus 焊接机welding blowpipe气焊枪welding c able 电焊引线welding c urrent 焊接电流welding defect 焊接缺陷welding dinamo 电焊发电机welding distortion 焊接变形welding electr ode焊条welding equipment 焊接设备welding flame 焊接焰welding flux 焊药welding generator 电焊发电机welding gloves 焊工手套welding goggles 焊工护目镜welding head 焊头welding heat 焊接热welding helmet 焊工帽welding leads 电焊引线welding mac hine 焊接机welding oper ator 焊工welding powder 焊药welding proc ess 焊接法welding r obot 焊接机扑welding r od 电焊条welding sequenc e焊接程序welding shop 焊接车间welding str ess 焊接应力welding torch 气焊枪welding tr ansfor mer 焊接变压器weldless tube 无缝管well pump 井泵wet air 湿空气wet air pump 湿气泵wet and dry bulb ther mometer 干湿球湿度计wet bulb ther mometer 湿球温度表wet classifier 湿式分级机wet cleaner 湿式滤清器湿法清洗器wet grinding 湿磨法;湿式粉碎wet grinding m ill 湿磨机wet metallurgy 湿法冶金wet pr ecipitator 湿式收尘器湿式除尘器wet pr oc ess 湿法wet purification 湿法净化wet purifier 湿式滤清器湿法清洗器wet separ ator 湿式选矿机wet steam 湿蒸汽wetness 湿度wettability 湿润性wetted perimeter 湿润周wetted surfac e 浸湿面wetting 润湿whale factory ship 捕鲸加工船whale oil 鲸油whaleboat 捕鲸船wharf cr ane 码头起重机wheatstone bridge惠斯登电桥wheel 轮wheel and axle 轮轴wheel axle 轮轴wheel balanc er 车轮平衡试验机wheel base 轴距wheel br ake 轮闸wheel br aking cylinder 制动轮缸wheel c amber 前轮外倾角wheel c entr e 轮心wheel cr ane 轮胎起重机wheel cylinder 制动轮缸wheel disk 辐板wheel dr esser 砂轮修整装置wheel exc avator 轮式挖土机wheel flange 轮缘wheel grinding machine 车轮磨床wheel guard 砂轮罩wheel head 磨头wheel hub 轮毂wheel lathe 车轮车床wheel loader 轮式装载机wheel mounted cr ane 轮胎起重机wheel pr ess 轮压机wheel rim 轮箍wheel set 轮轴wheel slip 车轮滑转wheel spindle 轮轴wheel spindle stoc k磨头wheel spoke 轮辐wheel tr ac k轮距wheel tr ead 胎面wheel type tr actor 轮式拖拉机wheelbarrow 手推车wheeled tr actor 轮式拖拉机wheelhead 磨头whetstone 磨刀石whirl 涡流旋流whirl etc hing 旋转腐蚀whisker 金属须white heart malleable cast ir on 白心可锻铸铁white heat 白热white iron 白铸铁white metal 白合金white noise 白色噪声whitworth scr ew thr ead 惠氏螺纹whitworth thr ead 惠氏螺纹whole depth 齿全高whole number 整数wick lubric ation 油绳润滑wick lubric ator 灯心注油器油绳润滑器wick oiler 灯心注油器油绳润滑器widia 碳化钨硬质合金width 宽wien's displac ement law 维痘移定律winch 卷扬机wind box 风箱wind dir ection indic ator 风向指示器wind driven electric plant 风能动力装置wind energy 风能wind load 风荷重wind motor 风力发动机wind power plant 风力发电站wind power station 风力发电站wind pr essur e 风压wind r esistanc e 风阻力wind tunnel 风洞wind tunnel balanc e 风洞天平wind tunnel test 风洞试验winding 线圈;绕线winding dr um 卷筒winding machine 绕线机windlass 起锚绞盘windm ill 风车windrower 割晒机windshield 风挡windshield heater 除霜器windshield wiper 挡风玻璃刮水器wing 翼wing ar ea 机翼面积wing chor d 翼弦wing loading 机翼单位面积负荷wing profile 翼剖面wing pump 叶轮泵wing screw 蝶形螺钉wing section 翼截面wing span 翼展wing spar 横梁winged nut 翼螺帽winged screw 翼形螺钉winkler gas gener ator 文克勒煤气发生炉winkler gas pr oduc er 文克勒煤气发生炉wire 金属丝wire ar mor ed hose钢丝包皮软管wire brush 钢丝刷wire brushing 用钢丝刷清理wire cloth 筛网布wire cut edm 电火花线切割wire cut electro disc harge mac hine电火花线切割机wire cutting 电火花线切割wire cutting off mac hine 钢丝切断机wire dr awing 拉线wire dr awing benc h 拔丝机wire dr awing mac hine 拔丝机wire electrode 电极丝wire gage 线规wire gaze 金属丝网wire glass 络网玻璃wire m ill 线材轧机wire nail 销钉wire raising mac hine钢丝起绒机wire rod 线材wire rope 钢丝绳wire saw 钢丝锯wire scr een 金属丝网筛wire sieve 金属丝网筛wire spoke 钢丝轮辐wire stitc her 网器wire stitc hing mac hine网器wire str aightener 钢丝校正机wire str ain gage电阻丝应变仪wire weaving mac hine 金属线网织机wire wheel 钢丝辐轮wired glass 铁丝玻璃wireless c ompass 无线电罗盘wiring 配线wiring diagram 布线图wolframic acid 钨酸wood boring machine 木工钻床wood drilling mac hine 木工钻床wood fibr e 木质纤维wood file 木锉刀wood lathe 木工车床wood meal 木粉wood m illing mac hine木工铣床wood pattern 木模wood pattern maker 木模工wood pattern shop 制模车间wood pipe 木管wood planer 木刨床wood powder 木粉wood pulp grinder 木浆研磨机wood screw 木螺丝wood tar 木焦油wood working 木材加工wood working machine 木工机床wood working tool 木工工具wood's alloy 伍德合金wood's metal 伍德合金wooden 木制的wooden belt pulley 木皮带轮wooden hammer 木锤wooden pipe 木管wooden pole 木桩wooden ship 木船wooden tube 木管wooden vessel 木船woodr uff key 半圆键woodwor k 木制品woodwor king 木材加工woodwor king mac hine木工机床wool felt 毛毡wool spinning machine 毛纺机wool washing mac hine 洗毛机work 功work bench 工专work cycle 工总期work hardening 加工硬化work table 工专workability 可加工性workhead 工罪架working clear anc e工卒隙working conditions 工柞件working cylinder 工鬃working dr awing 工准working fluid 工族working gage 工卓规working load 工缀载working medium工组质working position 工谆置working pr essure 工坠力working principle 工篆理working station 工拙working stress 工爪力working stroke 工仔程working temper atur e 工茁度workpiece 工件workpiece headstoc k 工罪架works 厂workshop 车间workshop tr uc k修理车worm蜗杆worm c onveyor 螺旋输送器worm drive 蜗轮传动worm gear 蜗轮worm gear hob 蜗轮滚刀worm gear hobbing machine 蜗轮滚齿机worm gearing 蜗杆传动装置worm gear s 蜗杆传动装置worm grinder 蜗杆磨床worm milling mac hine 蜗杆铣床worm r educ er 蜗轮减速机worm shaft 蜗轴worm wheel 蜗轮worm wheel hobbing mac hine 蜗轮滚齿机wound r otor 绕线型转子wound r otor induction motor 绕线式电动机wound r otor type motor 绕线式电动机woven belt 帆布皮带wrapper 包装机wrapping angle 接触角wrapping mac hine包装机wrapping paper 包装纸wreck crane 救援起重机wrecker truc k 救险汽车wrench 扳手wrench j aws 板手钳口wrist pin 活塞销wrong oper ation 误动作wrought alloy 变形合金wrought aluminium alloy 变形铝合金wrought ir on 熟铁wrought steel 锻钢;熟钢x cross member x 形横梁x engine x形发动机x gear 修整齿轮x ray analysis x 射线分析x ray appar atus x 射线装置x ray defectoscopy x 射线检查x ray m icr oscope x 射线显微镜x ray photogr aph x 射线照片x ray spectr ometer x射线分光计x ray testing x 射线检查x rays x 射线x shaped x形的x shaped cr oss member x 形横梁x type x形的x type engine x 型发动机x y plotter x y 绘图机x zer o gear 零变位齿轮xenon 氙xenon lamp 氙灯xylene 二甲苯xylol 二甲苯y connection 星形连接y piece 分叉管y pipe 分叉管y type engine y 形发动机yac ht 快艇yag crystal 钇铝石榴石晶体yag laser 激光器yar d 编组站yarn 纱yarn twisting mac hine 捻丝机yarrow boiler 雅鲁式锅炉yaw angle 偏航角yawing 偏航yawing moment 偏航力矩yawmeter 偏航计yellow phosphor us 黄磷yield 收获率yield point 屈服点yield stress 屈服应力yoke 轭铁yoke end u 形夹yoked c onnecting r od 叉式连杆young's modulus 弹性模数yttrium alum inium gar net crystal 钇铝石榴石晶体yttrium alum inium gar net laser 激光器z axis z 轴z bar z 字钢z steel z 字钢zeolite 沸石zero adjustment 零点蝶zero gravity 无重力zero gravity state 失重状态zero point 零点zero point energy 零点能zero potential 零电位zero power reactor 零功率反应堆zero r etur n 原点归复zero setting 零位蝶zerol bevel gear 零度弧齿伞齿轮zigzag 之字形zigzag antenna 曲折天线zigzag riveting 交错铆接zinc 锌zinc alloy 锌合金zinc base alloy 锌基合金zinc bronze 锌青铜zincing 镀锌zipper 拉锁zircon 锆石zirconium 锆zone of combustion 燃烧带zone of preheating 预热区。
光电英语词汇（V）
光电英语词汇(V)v band v带v edge protractor v形量角器v(λ)-correction filter v(λ)修正滤光器v-bar v形棒v-belt 三角皮带v-belt drive 三角皮带传动v-block v形块v-clamp v形夹v-groove cavity v形槽腔v-groove pulley v形[皮带[槽轮，三角皮带轮v-guide way v形导轨v-ring [gasket] v型垫圈，三角形垫圈v-shaped flash tube v型闪光管v-value v值（色散系数）v-way v形导轨v-[type] thread v形螺纹，三角[牙形]螺纹vacancy 空位，空格点，缺位vacant electron site 电子空位vacant lattice site 点陈空位vacant level 空能级vacant state 空态vacuity (1)真空[度](2)空间vacuo 真空vacuometer 真空计vacuoscope 真空仪，真空计vacuous 真空的vacuseal 真空密封vacuseal grease 真空密封脂vacuseal wax 真空密封蜡vacustat 真空度稳定vacuum accessories 真空附件vacuum aluminized reflector 真空镀铝反射镜vacuum annealing 真空退火vacuum annealing furnace 真空退火炉vacuum apparatus 真空装置vacuum arc 真空电弧vacuum arc deposition 真空电弧镀膜vacuum arc furnace 真空电弧炉vacuum arc melting 真空电弧熔化vacuum bakeout 真空烘烤，真空烘焙vacuum balance 真空天平vacuum bell jar 真空钟罩vacuum bolometer 真空测辐射热计vacuum box 真空盒vacuum brake 真空闸vacuum cement 真空粘结剂vacuum chamber 真空室vacuum characteristic 真空特性vacuum cleaner 真空吸尘器vacuum coater 真空镀膜机vacuum coating 真空镀膜vacuum coating equipment 真空镀膜机vacuum components 真空元件vacuum concentration 真空浓缩vacuum connection 真空连接，真空接合vacuum cryostat 真空底温恒温器vacuum deposited film 真空淀积层vacuum deposition 真空淀积vacuum deposition method 真空淀积法vacuum distillation 真空蒸馏vacuum dryer 真空干燥器vacuum drying 真空干燥vacuum drying apparatus 真空干燥装置vacuum drying cabinet (1)真空干燥室(2)真空烘箱vacuum drying chamber (1)真空干燥室(2)真空烘箱vacuum electron beam brazing furnace 真空电子束铜焊炉vacuum electron beam melting furnace 真空电子束熔化炉vacuum engineering 真空技术，真空工程vacuum envelope 真空封壳，真空箱壳vacuum evaporation 真空蒸壳[法]vacuum extensometer 真空伸长计vacuum flask 真空瓶，杜瓦瓶vacuum fluorescent display (vfd)真空萤光显示器vacuum freeze dryer 真空冷冻干燥器vacuum furnace 真空炉vacuum ga[u]ge 真空计，真空规vacuum gooster pump 真空增压泵vacuum grease 真空脂vacuum lamp 真空灯vacuum manometer 真压力计vacuum material 真材料vacuum measurement 真空测量vacuum melting furnace 真空熔炉vacuum metallizing plant 真空镀金属设备vacuum monochromator 真空单色仪vacuum of space [宇宙]空间真空度vacuum optical bench 真空光具座vacuum package (1)真空装置(2)真空封装vacuum paint 真空封漆vacuum photocell 真空光电管vacuum photodiode 真空光电二极管vacuum photoemissive cell 真空光电辐射元件vacuum phototube 真空光电管管vacuum plate 真空吸气板vacuum polarization 真空极化vacuum pump 真空泵vacuum pumping system 真空抽气系统vacuum pumps 真空帮浦vacuum seal 真空密封vacuum spectral region 真空光谱区vacuum spectrograph 真空摄谱仪vacuum stability 真空稳定性vacuum system 真空系统vacuum tank 真空罐vacuum technique 真空技术vacuum telescope 真空望远镜vacuum testing 真空试验vacuum thermo-pile 真空温差电堆vacuum thermometer 真空温度计vacuum tightness 真空密闭性vacuum tube 真空管vacuum tube oscillator 真空管振荡器vacuum ultra-violet 真空紫外vacuum ultra-violet holography 真空紫外全息术vacuum ultra-violet laser 真空紫外激光器vacuum ultra-violet spectrograph 真空紫外摄谱仪vacuum ultraviolet lasers 真空紫外线雷射vacuum value 真空管，真空阀vacuum vapor deposition method 真空蒸发法vacuum vessel 真空容器vacuum wax 真空蜡vacuum (复数:vacua或vacuums)真空vacuum-tight 真空密闭的vacuumometer 真空计vague image 模糊像valence [原子]价，[化合]价valence band 价电子带valence bond 价键valence crystal 价键晶体valence electron 价电子valency 原子价valency charge 价电子validity 有效度valley (1)谷(2)能谷valley line 谷线valley point 谷点value (1)价值(2)值value zero 零值valve (1)阀(2)真空管，电子管valve body 阀体valve control device 阀控制机构valve disk gasket 阀盘密封垫圈valve seat 阀座van cittert-zernike theorem 冯西泰–塞尼克定理vanadate glass 钒酸盐玻璃vanadium (v)钒vanadium dioxide 二氧化钒vane (1)十片(2)视准器(2)风信标vaned 有十片的vanish line 消失线，没影线vanishing point 消失点，没影响vapo[u]r 蒸气vapo[u]r deposit 汽相淀积，蒸镀vapo[u]r deposited metal film 蒸镀金属膜vapo[u]r deposition 汽相相淀积法，蒸镀法vapo[u]r lamp 汽灯vapo[u]r phase 汽相vapo[u]r phase chromatography 汽相色谱[法] vapo[u]r phase dye laser 汽相染料激光器vapo[u]r pressure 汽压vapo[u]r stream drying 蒸气流乾燥vapo[u]r stream pump 蒸气流泵vapo[u]r tension 汽压vapo[u]rization 汽化vapo[u]rization temperature 汽化温度vapo[u]rized shellac solution 蒸发片胶溶液vapo[u]rizer 汽化器，汽化室var 乏（电抗功率单位）varactor (1)变容二极管(2)[可]变[电]抗器varactor diodes 变容二极体varamat lens 伐拉马特[连续变焦照相]镜头vari-focal lens 可变焦距透镜vari-glaukar lens 可变格劳卡尔[连续变焦照相]镜头variable (1)可变的(2)变量(3)变数variable aperture 可变孔径variable color filter 可变色滤光片variable color polarizing 可变色偏振variable condenser 可变电容器variable contrast paper 可变反差照相纸variable elevation beam 可变仰角波束variable filter 可变滤光片variable focal length lens 可变焦距透镜variable focal length objective 可变焦距物镜variable focal length optical system 变焦距光学系统variable focal length zoom lenses 可变焦伸缩镜头variable focus lens [可]变焦距透镜variable gear 变速齿轮variable light-filtering device 渐变光学滤光装置variable magnification lens 可变放大率透镜variable oscillator 可变频率振荡器variable phase plate 可变位相板variable power 可变倍率，可变放大率variable speed 变速variable speed chopper 变速新光器variable speed scanning 变速扫描variable ultrafast photographic shutter 可变超速照相快门variable voltage 可变电压variable wave-length phase microscope 可变波长相位显微镜variable-power afocal 可变屈光度远焦的variable-power eyepiece 可变放大率目镜variable-power lens 可变放大率透镜variable-power system 可变焦度系统variance 方差variation (1)变化(2)变量variation of cavity length 腔长变化variation of tolerance 公差带variational principle 变分原理variator (1)变速器(2)聚束栅varichrome film 彩色胶卷varicolo[u]red 五颜六色的variety 多样性varifocal lens binocular 可变焦透镜双筒望远镜varifocal moire zone plate 可变焦距莫阿带片varifocal objective 可变焦物镜varifocal optical system 可变焦光学系统varifocal scanning system 可变焦扫描系统varifocus lens 变焦透镜variocoupler 可变耦合器variode 变容二极管variodenser 可变电容器variofocus 变焦variogon lens 伐里奥贡[连续变焦照相]镜头variometer 可变电感器varistor 变相二极管，[可]变[电]阻器varitron (1)变子(2)变光器varnish (1)清漆(2)光泽varotal lens 伐罗泰尔[连续变焦照相]镜头vary-power telescope 可变倍率望远镜varying optical density 可变光学密度vaseline 凡士林vat 瓷盘，桶vectogram 矢量图vectograph 矢量图vector 矢量，向量vector analysis 矢量分析vector calculus 矢算vector generator 矢量发生器vector potential 矢势vector product 矢积vector quantity 矢量vector space 矢量空间vector triangle 矢量三角形vector wave 矢量波vectordiagram of light vibration 光振动矢量图解vectorial photoelectric effect 矢量光电效应vee block v形块三角槽铁vee pulley v形皮带槽轮，三角皮带轮vee value v值vee way v形导轨vee-belt 三角皮带vee-belt sheave v形皮带槽轮，三角皮带轮vee-grooved guide v形槽导轨vee-grooved pulley v形[皮带]槽轮，三角皮带轮vee-thread 三角螺纹vehicle (1)车辆(2)运载工具，飞行器(3)载体(4)载色剂veil 翳影，模糊vein 纹理velocimeter 速度计velocimetry 速度测量学velocity 速度velocity aberration 速度像差velocity matching 连度匹配velocity of light 光速[度]velometer 速度计velvet 绒veneer 胶合板vent (1)孔，喷口(2)通风ventilation 通风ventilation fan 通风机ventilator 排气风扇venus 金星ver-short wave 超短波verant lens 维兰透镜verdet constant 费尔德[磁旋光]常数verge 边，边缘vergence (vergency)聚散度vericon 正析摄像管verification certificate 检定证书verifier 检验器，取样器vermilion (1)银朱(2)朱红色vernier 游标，游尺vernier acuity 游标对准视觉锐度vernier bevel protractor 游标活动量角器vernier caliper 游标卡尺vernier condenser 微变电容[器] vernier depth gauge 游标深度尺vernier device 微调装置vernier dial 游动度盘vernier focusing 微变聚焦vernier height gage 游标高度尺vernier level 游标水准器vernier micrometer 游标千分尺vernier protractor 游标量角器vernier reading 游标读数vernier scale 游标尺vernier slide caliper 游标滑动卡尺vernier-read 游标读数vernier-read instrument 游标读数器versatile goniometer 万能测角仪versatile holocamera 多用[途]全息照相机versatility 多能性version (1)方案(2)型式vertex angle 顶角vertex diopter 镜顶屈光度vertex dioptric power [眼镜片]镜顶屈光度vertex focal length 镜顶公式vertex formulas 镜顶焦距vertex of mirror 镜顶vertex of surface [透镜]面顶点vertex power [眼镜片]镜顶屈光度vertical (1)垂直的(2)立式的vertical adjustment 垂直调整vertical angle 直角vertical angle of view 垂直视角vertical axis 垂直轴，立轴vertical base 垂直座vertical collimator 垂准器vertical comparator 立式比较仪vertical face 立面vertical illumination 垂直照明法vertical illuminator 垂直照明装置vertical imbalance 垂直不平衡度vertical leveling mirror 垂直调平镜vertical light component 光[波]垂直分量vertical line 垂直线vertical line of sight 垂直瞄准线vertical metroscope 立式测长仪vertical missing 垂直偏差vertical motion 垂直运动vertical parallax 纵视差，上下视差vertical plane 垂直面vertical pressure 垂直压力vertical projection 垂直投影vertical resolution 垂直分辨牵vertical section 垂直剖面，垂直断面vertical strip camera 垂直条状摄影机vertical surface 垂直面vertical transition 垂直跃迁vertical view 俯视图vertical-resolution wedge 垂直分辨率光楔verticality 垂直度vertically polarized wave 垂直偏振波vertiplane 直升飞机，竖直起落飞机vertometer 屈度计，焦度计very-high resolution spectroscopy 高分辨力光谱学very-high-frequency 甚高频vessel (1)容器(2)船(3)舰vestigial sideband 残留边带vial 管[形]瓶vial type level 管形水准器viameter (1)路程计(2)测震仪(3)路面平整度测量仪vibrant 振动的vibrating desk 振动台vibrating diaphragm 振动膜片vibrating mirror deflector 振动镜偏转器vibrating reed 振动簧片vibrating rod oiler 振动杆注油器vibrating screen 振动筛vibrating system 振动系统vibration 振动，摆动vibration absorber 减振器vibration amplitude 振幅vibration gauge 振动仪vibration isolation equipment 防震装置vibration isolators 除震台/防震台vibration level 振动能级vibration measurement with laser 激光振动测量vibration meter 测振仪vibration mode 振动模vibration period 振动周期vibration pick-up 拾振仪vibration-proof 防振的vibration-rotation 振动转动vibration-rotation bands 振动转动[能]级vibration-rotation lines 振动转动谱线vibration-rotation matrix element 振动转动矩阵元vibration-rotation transition 振动转动跃迁vibrational fluorescence 振动荧光vibrational level 振动能级vibrational quantum number 振搨量子数vibrational relaxation 振动弛豫vibrational spectroscopy 振动光谱学vibrational spectrum 振动波谱vibrational transition 振动跃迁vibrational-detecting laser apparatus 激光振动检测仪vibrationless 无振的vibrationless construction 无振动结构vibrator (1)振动器(2)振子vibraty motion 振动vibrin 聚酯树脂vibrometer 振动计vibronic spectra 电子振动光谱vibroscope 振动计vibroshock 减振器vibrotron 电磁共振器，振敏管vice (1)老虎钳(2)钳住，夹紧vicinal 邻位vicinal surface (1)近真面(2)邻位面vickers hardness 维克斯硬度，维氏硬度video (1)视频[的](2)影像[的](3)电视[的]video amplification 视频放大video amplitude 视频振幅video bandwidth 视频带宽video camera 视频照相机video cd players 影音光碟机video cds 影音光碟片video digitization 图像数字化video disk player 视频还像机video disk system 视频录像盘系统video frequency 视频video frequency band 视频带video information 视频信息video integration 视频积累video mapping 全景显示video noise 视频噪声video optical transmission system 光视讯传输系统video pulse 视频脉冲video scanning 视频扫描video scanning densitometer 图像扫描测密计video scope 影像示波器video signal 视频信号video spectrum 视频频谱video tape recorder 磁带录像机video tape recording 磁带录像video-phone 录像磁带，电视电话video-unit 电视摄像管videocorder 录像机videodensitometer 图像测密计videodisk 视频录像盘videographic display 图像显示videotape 录像磁带videotelephone picture 传真电话图像vidicon 光导摄像管，视像管vidicon camera [光导]摄像管，摄像机vidicon camera tube 光导摄像管vidicon tube 光导摄像管vidicon-type camera 光导摄像管型摄像机vienna lime 维也纳石灰（磨料）vienna observatory 维也纳天文台view (1)观察(2)景象(3)视野(4)视图view camera 观察照相机view distance 观察距离，视距view field 视场view finder (1)取景器，检景器(2)探视器(3)瞄准器view finder eye 瞄准器小孔view finder eyepiece 取景器目镜view point 视点view stop 视场光阑view window 观察窗viewer (1)观视器(2)观察者viewfinder release button 取景器释放钮viewfinder window 观察窗viewing 观测，观察viewing angle 观察角，视角viewing distance 观察距离，视距viewing field 视野，视场viewing frame 取景框viewing head [显微镜]观察头viewing lens 取景物镜viewing magnifier 观察放大镜viewing microscope 观察显微镜viewing mirror 观察镜viewing port 观察孔viewing prism 观察棱镜viewing screen 观察屏，荧光屏viewing system 观察系统viewing window 观察窗vignet (1)晕光照片(2)弄晕vignetted image 晕光像vignetting 光晕，光损失vignetting effect 渐晕效应vignetting stop (1)格晕光阑(2)扩直光阑vinyl 乙烯基vinyl alcohol 乙烯醇vinyl bromide 溴化乙烯vinyl-compounds 乙烯基化合物vinylon 维尼纶viogt effect 佛克脱效应violation 违反violet 紫色[的]violet ray 紫(光)线virginium (vi)否virtual (1)虚的，虚拟的(2)有效的virtual base 有效基线virtual displacement 虚位移virtual focus 虚焦点virtual height 有效高度virtual image 虚像virtual object 虚物virtual pitch 虚螺距virtual space 虚域virtual valence band 虚价带virtual value 有效值virtual work 虚功vis-uv chromatogram analyzer 可见光紫外色谱分析器viscid 粘性的viscidity 粘性，粘度viscoelastic 粘弹性的viscoelasticity 粘弹性viscometer 粘度计viscoscope 粘度指示器viscosimeter 粘度计viscosity 粘滞性，粘滞度viscous active medium 粘性激活媒质viscous body 粘性体viscous dissipation region 粘性耗散区，粘性散逸区viscous fluids 粘滞流体viscous force 粘滞力viscous friction 粘滞摩擦viscous mass 粘块viscous plastic 粘性塑料（树脂）visibility 可见度，视见度visibility curve 可见度曲线visibility factor 可见度因数visibility function 可见度函数visibility limit 可见度极限visibility range 可见距离，视距visibility region 可见区域visible (blue)leds 可见光发光二极体(蓝色)visible (green, multi-color)leds 可见光发光二极体(绿色,多色)visible (red)leds 可见光发光二极体(红色)visible (yellow, orange)leds 可见光发光二极体(黄色)visible and near-infrared response 可见光和近红外[光谱]响应visible anti-reflection coating 可见光增透膜visible emissivity 可见光发射牵visible error 可见误差visible image 可见像visible laser 可见光激光器visible laser transition 可见激光跃迁visible light 可见光visible line 可见谱线visible optical isolator 可见光隔离器visible output 可见光信号输出visible photodiodes 光二极体(可见光)visible pits 可见麻点visible radiation 可见光辐射（0.4至0.76微米）visible range 可见[光谱]区visible ray 可见射线visible region 可见区visible signal 可见信号visible spectrum 可见光谱visible wavelength 可见光波长visible-infrared dichroic 可见光红外分光镜visible-infrared spectrometer 可见分光光度计visilog 人造眼，仿视机vision (1)视觉(2)视力(3)幻象vision acuity 视敏度vision angle 视角vision band 视频带vision brightness 视觉亮度vision display 视觉显示vision distance 可见距离，视距vision filter 可见滤光片vision focusing 目视聚焦，目视对光vision frequency 视频vision instrument 目视仪器vision intensity 可见[光]强度vision line 视线vision method 视觉法vision receiver 电视接收器vision resolution 视力分辨率vision sharpness 可见清晰度vision signal 视觉信号vision system 目视系统vision telescope 目视望远镜vision type 目视式visiphone (connected with a fixed view projector)磁带录声机带幻灯放映器vista 深景vistavision 深景视觉visual acuity 视敏度visual acuity chart 视力图表visual alignment 目视调准visual angle 视角visual axis 视轴[线]visual brightness 视觉亮度visual channel 视觉通道visual characteristic 视觉特性visual colorimeter 目视色度计，视觉色度计visual contrast threshold 视觉对比阈visual cortex of brain 脑的视觉皮层visual cut-of 图像截止visual defect 视觉缺陷visual density 视觉密度visual deprivation 视觉丧失visual descrimination 视觉鉴别visual detection 视觉探测visual diameter 视直径visual digital display 目视数字显示visual display 光学显示visual end point 目视终点visual field 视野visual field laser instrument 雷射视野检测器visual frequency 视频visual image 可见图像，目视图像visual indicator 目视指示器visual information 视觉信息visual inspection 目视检验visual instrument 目视仪器visual intensity 可见[光]强度visual line 视线visual method 视觉法visual observation (1)目察法，直观研究法(2)目视，观测visual pattern recognition machine 视觉图像识别器visual perception 视觉visual persistence 视觉暂留visual photometer 目测光度计visual photometry 目测光度学visual pigment regeneration 视觉色素再生visual range 可视距离，视距visual reading-head 光学读数头visual resolution 视力分辨率visual resolvting power 视觉分辨能力visual response time 视觉反应时间visual search time 目视搜索时间visual sensitivity 视觉灵敏度visual sensitivity to col[u]r saturation 色饱和视觉灵敏度visual sensitometer 目测感光计visual signal 视觉信号visual spectrum 可见光谱visual standard irradiance 可见标准辐照度visual stimulus 视觉刺激visual synthesis of colour 视觉颜色合成visual system 目视[光学]系统visual telescope 目视望远镜visual test 目视检验visual threshold 视觉图visual tube parallax 瞄准镜视差visual type 目视式visual-infrared-plane-parallel dichroic mirror 可见光–红外平行平面分光镜visualization (1)目视(2)视觉visualization system 观察系统visualizer 观察仪visuometer 视力式vita ray 紫外线vitaglass 透紫外线玻璃vitalight 紫外光vitalight lamp 紫外光灯viton 氟化橡胶vitreosil 熔凝石英vitreous (1)琉态的，玻璃状的(2)透明的vitreous aspiration and cutting instrument 玻璃体吸引及切割器械vitreous cristobalite 琉态方晶石vitreous humor (1)玻璃体液(2)玻璃体（眼睛）vitreous luster 玻璃光泽vitreous quatz 透明石英vitreous silica 琉态硅土，透明态vitreous state 琉态vitreousness 玻璃状态，透明状态vitrescence 玻璃质化vitric (1)玻璃状的(2)玻璃制品（英文为复数时）vitrification (1)琉化[现象]，玻璃化(2)透明化vitrified bond 陶瓷粘结剂vitrified enamel 搪瓷vitrolite glass 瓷板玻璃vocal cords 声带voice-encoded system 声编码系统void (1)空位，空隙(2)无效voigt effect 佛克脱效应volatile material 挥发材料volatility (1)挥发性(2)挥发度volatilization 挥发volt (v)伏[特]（电压单位）volt-ampere 伏[特]安[培]voltage (1)电压(2)伏特数voltage bias 偏压voltage divider 分压器voltage doubling rectifying circuit 倍压整流电路voltage drift 电压漂移voltage fluctuation 电压波动voltage regulator 调压器voltage resonance 电压共振，串联共振voltage stabilizer 稳压器voltage-drop [电]压降voltage-stabilizing 稳压voltaic cell 伏打电池voltameter 电量计voltmeter 伏特计，电压表volume (1)声量(2)容量(3)容积(4)体积volume conductivity 体积电导率volume control 声量控制volume element 体积元volume excitation 容积激发volume expansion 体积膨胀volume expansion coefficient 体积[膨胀]系数volume hologram 体积全息图volume hologram memory 体积全息图存储器volume holographic grating 体全息光栅volume imagery 体积成像volume integral 体积积分volume of coherence 相干体积volume phase hologram 体相位全息照片volume reflection hologram (1)体反射全息图(2)体反射全息照片volume resistivity 体电阻率volume transmission hologram 体积透过型全息图volute 螺旋形小室volute spring 锥形簧，锥形螺旋，板弹簧von hofe eyepiece 冯霍夫目镜von hofe modified eyepiece 冯霍夫改进型目镜voorticity 涡旋强度vortex (复数:vortices)旋涡vortex filament 涡旋线vortex lattice 涡旋点陈vortex line 涡旋线vortex motion 涡旋运动vortex scattering 涡旋散射vortex stabilized flashlamp 涡旋稳定闪光灯vortical 涡旋的voss's polariscope 伏斯偏振镜vtr cameras vtr摄影机vulcanite 硬橡胶vulcanizer 硬化剂vulcanizing silicone rubber 硫化硅橡胶vulcanzation (1)硬化(2)[橡胶]硫化vuv lightssources 真空紫外线光源vuv spectra 远紫外谱线，真空紫外谱线vycor [glass] 石英玻璃。
真空泵标准汇总
真空泵标准汇总标准编号标准中文名称标准英文名称GB/T13930-1992 水环真空泵和水环压缩Methods for the measureme nt of volume flow机气量测定方法of gas ofwater-ring vacuum pump and compressorGB/T13929-1992 水环真空泵和水环压缩Methods of testing for water -ring vacuum pumps机试验方法and compressorsJB/T5971-1992(2005复审) 单级多旋片式真空泵JB/T7266-1994 容积真空泵性能测量方法JB/T7255-1994(2005复审) 水环真空泵和水环压缩机JB/T8472.1-1996 蒸汽流真空泵性能测定第一部分:抽气速率(体积流率)的测定JB/T8472.2-1996 蒸汽流真空泵性能测定第二部分:临界前级压力的测定JB/T1246-1997 滑阀真空泵JB/T9808.1-1999 奶用真空泵技术条件JB/T9808.2-1999 奶用真空泵试验方法JB/T8106-1999 容积真空泵噪声测量方法JB/T8944-1999 单级旋片真空泵JB/T8107-1999 容积真空泵振动测量方法JB/T10134-1999 带真空泵交流发电机技术条件JB/T53019-1999 油扩散真空泵产品质量分等JB/T53022-1999 滑阀真空泵产品质量分等JB/T53014-1999 单级多旋片真空泵产品质量分等JB/T53018-1999 罗茨真空泵产品质量分等JB/T53017-1999 旋片真空泵产品质量分等JB/T53016-1999 往复真空泵产品质量分等JB/T53299-1999 单级水环真空泵产品质量分等JB/T53020-1999 油扩散喷射真空泵产品质量分等JB/T53301-1999 两级水环真空泵产品质量分等NF E51-291-1996 压缩机和真空泵.安全要求.第(Compressors and vacuu m pumps. Safety requirements2部分:真空泵 . Part 2 : vacuum pumps.)NF E51-290-1996 压缩机和真空泵.安全要求. (Compressors and vacuu m pumps. Safety requirements第1部分:压缩机 . Part 1 : compressors.)NF X10-501-1976 真空技术.词汇.真空泵(Vacuum technology. Voca bulary. Vacuum pumps.)ANSI/ASME PTC 9-1974 性能试验规范.容积式压缩机、真空泵和鼓风机(Performance Test Code - Disp lacement Compressors,Vacuum Pumps and Blowers) ANSI/UL 1450-2003 电动空气压缩机、真空(Motor-Operated Air Comp ressors, Vacuum泵和涂漆设备Pumps, and Painting Equipment )ASME PTC 9 Erratum-1972 容积式压缩机, (Displacement compres sors, vacuum pumps,真空泵和鼓风机.正误表and blowers; Erratum)ASME PTC 9-1970 容积式压缩机,真空泵(Displacement compressors, vacuum pumps, and blowers)和鼓风机BS EN 1012-1-1997 压缩机和真空泵.安全(Compressors and vacuum pumps - Safety要求.压缩机requirements - Compressors)BS EN ISO 14847-1999 转式变容真空泵. (Rotary positive displacem ent pumps -技术要求Technical requirements)BS EN 1012-2-1997 压缩机和真空泵.安(Compressors and vacuum pumps - Safety requirements全要求.真空泵- Vacuum pumps)EN 1012-1-1996 压缩机和真空泵安全Compressors and vacuum p umps - Safety要求第1部分：压缩机requirements - Part 1: Compre ssorsEN 1012-2-1996 压缩机和真空泵安全要Compressors and vacuum pu mps - Safety求第2部分：真空泵requirements - Part 2: Vacuum p umpsDIN EN 1012-1-1996 压缩机和真空泵.安全(Compressors and vacuum pumps, safety requirements -要求.第1部分:压缩机Part 1: Compressors; German v ersion EN 1012-1:1996)DIN EN 1012-2-1996 压缩机和真空泵.安全(Compressors and vacuumpumps, safety requirements要求.第2部分:真空泵- Part 2: Vacuum pumps; German v ersion EN 1012-2:1996)DIN 28432-1996 真空技术.膜片真空泵(Vacuum technology - Accept ance specifications的验收规则for diaphragm vacuum pumps)DIN 45635-13-1977 机器噪声测量.空气载(Measurement of airborne no ise emitted by声测量.包面法.空气压缩machines; enveloping surface m ethod,机包括真空泵（活塞式. compressors, vacuum pumps incl uded (displacement-,涡轮式和喷射式压缩机）turbo- and jet compressors)) DIN 28426-2-1976 真空技术.旋转活塞真(Vacuum technology; accepta nce specifications空泵的验收规则.高真空for roots vacuum pumps for the r ange of medium vacuum)范围内的摇杆式活塞真空泵DIN 28400-2-1980 真空技术.名称和定义.真空泵(Vacuum technology; terms and definitions,vacuum pumps)DIN ISO 3019-3-1984 液压传动.变容真空泵和(Hydraulik fluid power; po sitive displacement马达.装配法兰盘和轴端的尺寸pumps and motors; dimensions and identification及识别代码.第3部分:多边形法code for mounting flanges and shaft ends; part兰盘(包括圆形法兰盘) 3: polygonal flanges (including c ircular flanges))DIN ISO 3019-2-1991 液压传动.变容真空泵和(Hydraulic fluid power; po sitive displacement马达.装配法兰盘和轴端的尺寸pumps and motors; dimensions and identification及识别代码.第2部分:两孔与四code for mounting flanges and shaft ends;孔法兰与轴端.米制系列part 2: 2 and 4-hole flanges an d shaft ends, metricseries; identical with ISO 3019-2:1986)DIN 28426-1-1983 真空技术.旋转真空泵.在近(Vacuum technology; accept ance specifications似真空和高真空范围内的闭塞for rotary plunger vacuum pu mps, sliding vane阀真空泵和旋转阀真空泵的验rotary vacuum pumps and rot ary piston vacuum收规则pumps for the ranges of rough an d medium vacuum)DIN 28431-1987 真空技术.液体环式真空泵的(Vacuum technology; accep tance specifications验收规程for liquid ring vacuum pumps) DIN 28427-1983 真空技术.蒸气压低于1mbar的(Vacuum technology; acce ptance specifications for扩散泵和蒸气喷射真空泵的验diffusions pumps and vapour j et vacuum pumps收规则for vapour pressures of the pump fluid 1 mbar)DIN 28430-1984 真空技术.以蒸汽作为驱动介(Vacuum technology; rules for the measurement质的蒸汽喷射真空泵和蒸汽of steam jet vacuum pumps a nd steam jet喷射压缩机用测量规则compressors using steam as th e working fluid)JB/T6921-2004 罗茨真空泵机组JB/T8540-2004 水蒸汽喷射真空泵JB/T10462-2004 水喷射真空泵JB/T7265-2004 蒸汽流真空泵UL 1450-2003 电动空气压缩机、真空泵和喷(Motor-operated air compr essors, vacuum pumps漆设备, and painting equipment)JIS B8384-2000 液压.变容真空泵、机动泵(Hydraulic fluid power -- Pos itive displacement和整体传动装置.稳态性能测定pumps, motors and integral tra nsmissions --Determination of steady-state perfor mance)JIS B8317-2-1999 蒸气真空泵.性能特性的测定.第2部分:临界后压力的测定(Vapour vacuum pumps --Mea surement of performancecharacteristics -- Part 2: Measureme nt of criticalbacking pressure)JIS B8323-2003 水封式真空泵(Water ring vacuum pumps) JIS B8317-1-1999 蒸气真空泵.性能特性的测定(Vapour vacuum pumps -- Measurement of performance.第1部分:流量容积比率的测定(泵速) characteristics -- Part 1: M easurement of volumerate of flow (pumping speed))JIS B8385-2000 液压.变容真空泵、机动泵和整(Hydraulic fluid power -- Pu mps, motors and integral体传动装置.参数定义和字母符号transmission -- Parameter defi nitions and lettersymbols)JIS Z8126-2-1999 真空技术.词汇.第2部分:真(Vacuum technology -- Voc abulary -- Part 2:空泵和相关条款Vacuum pumps and related term s)ISO 1607-2-1989 变容真空泵.性能特性测量. (Positive-displacement vacu um pumps; measurem第2部分:极限压力的测量ent of performance characterist ics; part 2:measurement of ultimate pressure) ISO 16330-2003 往复式变容真空泵和泵装置(Reciprocating positive dis placement pumps and.技术要求pump units - Technical requireme nts)ISO 3529-2-1981 真空技术.词汇.第2部分: (Vacuum technology; Vocab ulary; Part 2 : Vacuum真空泵和有关术语.三种语言版pumps and related terms Trili ngual edition)ISO 1608-2-1989 蒸汽真空泵.性能特性的测(Vapour vacuum pumps; m easurement of performance量.第2部分:临界前级压力的测量characteristics; part 2: measur ement of criticalbacking pressure)ISO 1608-1-1993 蒸汽真空泵.性能特性的测量. (Vapour vacuum pumps; measurement of performance第1部分:容积流量速度的测量(泵速) characteristics; part 1: measurement of volumerate of flow (pumping speed))QB/T1444-1992 ZBK型轻式专用两叶罗茨真空泵QB/T1445-1992 湿式罗茨真空泵性能测试方法JB/T6533-2005 旋片真空泵JB/T7674-2005 罗茨真空泵JB/T7675-2005 往复真空泵GB/T19955.1-2005 蒸汽流真空泵性能测量方法第1部分：体积流率(抽速)的测量GB/T19955.2-2005 蒸汽流真空泵性能测量方法第2部分：临界前级压力的测量GB/T19956.1-2005 容积真空泵性能测量方法第1部分：体积流率(抽速)的测量GB/T19956.2-2005 容积真空泵性能测量方法第2部分：极限压力的测量JB/T8540-2004 水蒸汽喷射真空泵JB/T10462-2004 水喷射真空泵。
空调、制冷词汇中英文对照表(改)
QJGD-A空调制冷词汇中英文对照表（新）空调、制冷词汇中英文对照表1主题内容与适用范围本标准适用于本公司的所有空调产品及技术文件所使用的名词、术语。
本标准提供一套标准的，统一的制冷、空调名词，术语的中英文对照表，用作产品说明书，图样及有关技术文件的用词规范。
22.1温度湿度压力pressure干空气dryair湿空气moistair大气压力atmosphericpressure饱和空气saturatedair干球温度drybulbtemperature 湿球温度wetbulbtemperature 露点温度dewpointtemperature 机器露点apparatusdewpoint 绝对湿度absolutehumidity蒸发冷凝过冷过热过程压缩膨胀节流throttling灌注量refrigerantcharge制冷剂refrigerant氟利昂22freon22润滑油lubricantoil吸气端suctionend排气端dischargeend低压侧lowpressureside高压侧highpressureside蒸发压力evaporatingpressure冰堵脏堵油堵液击结霜frostformation除霜defrosting自动除霜automaticdefrosting 定时除霜timedefrosting空气净化aircleaning空气除臭airdeodorization 空气离子化airionization 循环风量airflowvolume制热量heatingcapacity噪声noise消声产品图纸尺寸长度宽度超薄系列保护装置protectiondevices 纠正correct(correction) 更改modification(modify) 编制compile标准化standardize校对lookthrough工艺technology(workmanship) 审核check审定examineandapprove批准approve签名日期组件零件结构厂商附录方案起动电流startingcurrent运转电流runningcurrent泄漏电流leakagecurrent耐压试验high-voltagetest安全试验securitytest温升试验temperture-raisetest溢水试验waterover-flowtest(raintest) 潮态试验humidity-statetest把手handle功率power电流开路断路短路附加绝缘supplementaryinsulation加强绝缘reinforcedinsulation对重绝缘doubleinsulation额定电压ratedvoltage额定电压范围ratedvoltagerange工作电压workingvoltage额定输入功率ratedinput额定电流ratedcurrent额定频率ratedfrequency额定频率范围ratedfrequencyrangeXYZI特点(数据性能考数specsifications诊断diagnostic高度height直径diameter公差tolerance用户手册owner’smanual产品说明节productinstructionmanual 包装箱packagecarton装箱单packinglist铭牌nameplate型号商标项目外形尺寸outlinesanddimensions控制系统controllingsystems功能function液晶显示1iquidcrystolindicate加工工艺machineworkmanshiop装饰decoration装配质量assemblyquality 抗干扰immunity机械制图mechanicdrawing 标准件stardardparts总装检汛防潮序号代号名称description规格standards页数pageno.备注remarks格力电器GREEelectric幅面size工艺文件technologicaldocumentation 工艺路线processroute工艺设计processdesign工艺要素processfactor工件半成品semifinishedproduct成品finalproduct合格品conformingproduct不合格品non-conformingproduct废品scrap焊接welding热处理heattreatment表面处理surfacetreatment机械加工machining装配assembly工序安装基准夹具弯管扩口缩口除锈rustremoval清洗cleaning2.2机器词汇部分房间空调器roomairconditioner单元式空调机unitaryairconditioner窗式空调机window-typeairconditioner分体式空调器split-typeairconditioner室内机indoorunit室外机outdoorunit蒸发器evaporator(回转气缸U吊顶式ceilingsuspended吸顶式ceilingcassettes(ceilingconcealed) 壁挂式wallmounted落地式floorstanding光管plaincopperpipe内螺纹管innergroovecopperpipe翅片管finnedtube四通换向阀4—wayreversingvalve单向阀checkvalve轴流风机axialflowfan(propellerfan)底盘(前(后侧板边板网罩扫风电机swingmotor(louvermotor)步进电机stepmotor(vanemotor)进风格栅airintakegrill步进电机座vanecrank继电器引线relayassylead电器安装板electricalsupportingplate盖板coverplate(topplate)电容capacitor电容夹capacitorclamp胶圈o-gasket波纹软管 corrugatedpipe四芯(六芯)控制线signalcablewith4(6)cores 电热管heaterelement扫风叶片支架louversupport左右端盖 sidebox(L,R)电源线powercord控制器controller红外遥控器remotecontroller 继电器relay主令开关 mainswitch螺钉螺栓螺母垫圈插片插孔PTC控制面膜 controllingpanel脚轮castor固定螺丝 setscrew底板underplate水位开关 water-levelswitch触摸开关 touchswitch热断路thermalcut-out限温器temperaturelimiter 电脑芯片 IC集成电路 integratedcircuit插座插头蜗壳水箱扫风叶片 swinglouver支撑条supportbar导风叶片 lowerlouver出风格栅 frontgrill出水管drainageduct出水槽outletforwater模具mould灯箱lightbox机壳body感温包temp.sensor2.3温度计thermometer水银温度计mercurialthermometer 电阻温度计resistancethermometer 热敏电阻 thermistor热电偶thermocouple热电偶温度计thermocouplethermometor 量热计calorimeter表压gaugepressure绝对压力 absolutepressure压力计pressuregauge真空喷嘴机械风速仪mechanicalanemometer数字风速仪digitalanemometer热线风速仪hot-wireanemometer声级计soundlevelmeter工具tool测量放大器measurementamplifier电容传声器condensermicrophone绝缘电阻表insolationresistancemeter耐压测试仪high_voltagereliabilitymeter接地电阻测试台 testingstationofearthingresistance板子3.0附录二按汉语拼音字母顺序排列的词表附加说明：附录一按英文字母顺序排列的词汇表空气调节 airconditioning空调工况 airconditioningcondition大气压力 atmosphericpressure机器露点 apparatusdewpoint绝对湿度 absolutehumidity空气循环 aircirculation自动除霜 automaticdefrosting批准附录装配工艺孔auxiliaryhole实除排量 actualdisplacemant轴流风机 axialflowfan(propellerfan) 进风格栅 airintakegrill交流接触器ACcontactor过滤网airfilter绝对压力 absolutepressure风速仪anemometer制冷系统故障breakdownoftherefrigerationsystem 基本绝缘 basicinsulation螺栓机壳冷凝压缩纠正编制审核check组件components电流current开路circuit-open断路circuit-break短路circuit-short爬电距离 creepagedistance电气间隙 clearanceI类器具classIappliance气候类别 climatetype代号清洗气缸贯流风机 cross-flowfan(linefrowfan) 截止阀cut-offvalve(ballvalve)底盘(底板) chassis(lowerpanel)盖板coverplate(topplate)电容capacitor电容夹capacitorclamp线路图circuitdiagram连接管堵头connectionpipecap 波纹软管 corrugatedpipe控制器controller脚轮除霜defrosting图纸drawing尺寸dimension日期date对重绝缘 doubleinsulation数据data诊断diagnostic直径diameter装饰decoration电气强度 dielectricstrength名称基准蒸发evaporation膨胀expansion蒸发压力 evaporatingpressure蒸发温度 evaporatingtemperature 审定examineandapprove接地方式 earthingmethods蒸发器evaporator边板endplate(endpanel)电器安装板electricalsupportingplate 电气原理图electricalprinciplediagram脏堵结霜特点(功能成品扩口落地式floorstanding翅片管finnedtube风扇电机 fanmotor保险丝fuse过滤栅filtergrille出风格栅 frontgrill风叶护网 fanguard测量计flowrator喷嘴flownozzle油堵greasyblockage总装垫圈表压湿度把手高度热处理heattreatment热交换器 heatexchanger电热管heaterelement高压保护 highpressureswitch 湿度计hygrometer热线风速仪hot-wireanemometer耐压测试仪high-voltagereliabilitymeter 卤素检漏仪halogenleakdetector温度传感器humiditysensor冰堵iceplug项目序号插片插孔集成电路 integratedcircuit绝缘电阻表insolationresistancemeter夹具jigsandfixtures润滑油lubricantoil低压侧lowpressureside长度length校对lookthrough泄漏电流 leakagecurrent堵转试验 lockedtest液晶显示 liquidcrystolindicate 检汛灯箱更改厂商型号model型号标识 modelmark加工工艺 machineworkmanship机械制图 mechanicdrawing防潮moistureresistance可加工性 machinability工艺设备 manufacturingequipment 机械加工 machining加工精度 machiningaccuracy电机支架 motorsupport模具噪声铭牌缩口necking螺母nut用户手册owner’smanual外形尺寸 outlinesanddimensions 喇叭口outletwithflare工序operation室外机outdoorunit胶圈o-gasket油分离器 oilseparator出水槽outletforwater压力过程产品零件方案功率包箱生产过程 productionprocess 工艺过程 process页数pageno工艺路线 processroute工艺设计 processdesign工艺要素 processfactor工艺规范 processspecification工艺参数 processparameter工艺准备 processpreparationofproduction工艺纲领 productionprogram弯管光管网罩PTC插头蜗壳真空计vauucngauge合格证qualitycertificate制冷refrigeration制冷量refrigeratingcapacity(coolingcapacity) 相对湿度 relativehumidity制冷系统 refrigerationsystem制冷循环 refrigerationcycle灌注量refrigerantcharge制冷剂refrigerant运转电流 runningcurrent备注除锈转子式压缩机rotarycompressor 继电器引线relayassylead无线遥控器remotecontroller继电器relay电机固定圈rubbermount电阻温度计resistancethermometer 标准工况 standardcondition标准制冷量standardrating饱和空气 saturatedair含湿量specifichumidity过冷过热液击消声系列签名结构起动电流 startingcurrent安全试验 securitytest起动试验 startingtest附加绝缘 supplementaryinsulation 电源引线 supplyleads流线型streamline性能考数 specsifications汇总表specificationslist自制件self-makingpart标准件stardardparts规格幅面废品安装侧板扫风电机 swingmotor(louvermotor)步进电机 stepmotor(vanemotor)吸气管suctionpipe四芯(六芯)控制线signalcablewith4(6)cores 左右端盖 sidebox(L.R)螺钉screw固定螺丝 setscrew插座socket扫风叶片 swinglouver支撑条supportbar温度节流工艺XYZ连接typeZattachment公差tolerance商标trademark工艺性technologiculefficiency工艺文件technologicaldocumentation 生产类型 typeofproduction理论排量 theoreticaldisplacement管路系统 tubingsystems保温管thermalinsulationpipe温控器thermostat变压器transformer工具扩口器tube-outletexpamder接地电阻测试台 testingstationofearthingresistance泄漏电流测试装置testingequipmentofleakingcurrent灼热丝试验装置 testingequipmentforscorching漏电起痕试验装置testingequipmentofscrapwithleakingcurrent弯管器tubebender超簿ultra-thin标题栏underline单元式空调机unitaryairconditioner U形管U-shapetube底板真空宽度工件焊接壁挂式wallmounted接线板TerminalBoard水位开关 water-levelswitch水箱watertank壁挂机安装板wallframe湿球温度计wetbulbthermometer板子wrench四通换向阀4-wayreversingvalve附录二按汉语拼音字母顺序排列的词汇表安全试验 securitytest安装把手包箱备注壁挂式wallmounted壁挂机安装板wallframe边板endplate(endpanel)编制compile变压器transformer标准工况 standardcondition标准制冷量standardrating标准化standardize标题栏underline标准件standardparts表压冰堵侧板插片插座产品产品说明书productinstructionmanual 厂商manufacturer超薄ultra-thin潮态试验 humidity–statetest成品finalproduct尺寸dimension尺寸链dimensionchain翅片管finnedtube冲击钻electricdrivenrotaryhammer 出风格栅 frontgrill出水管drainageduct除霜除锈代号灯箱底盘(底板) chassis(lowerpanel)底板underplate垫圈gasket电流current电气间隙 clearance电源软线 powersupplycord电源引线 supplyleads电气强度 dielectricstrength电机支架 motorsupport电器安装板electricalsupportingplate 电容电阻温度计resistancethermometer电容传声器condensermicrophone电子检漏仪electricalleakdetector 吊顶式ceilingsuspended吊顶机风扇窝壳 casingset定时除霜 timedefrosting 堵转实验 lockedtest短路circurt-short断路circuit-break对重绝缘 doubleinsulation方案防潮废品风扇电机 fanmotor风叶护网 fanguard风速仪anemometer幅面size氟时昂22 freon22辅助材料 auxiliarymatial附录attachment附加绝缘 supplementaryinsulation盖板coverplate(topplate)干空气dryair高度更改工艺工艺过程 process工艺文件 technologicaldocumentation 工艺路线 processroute工艺设计 processdesign工艺要素 processfactor工艺规范 processspecification工艺参数 processparameter工艺准备 processpreparationofproduction 工艺设备 manufacturingequipment工件workpiece工序工具功率功能公差光管规格过冷subcooling过热superheat过程process过滤器strainer过滤网airfilter过滤栅filtergrille含湿量specifichumidity焊接welding合格证qualitycertificate 合格品conformingproduct基准机壳技术文件 technicalfile技术要求 technicalrequirement 继电器引线relayassylead继电器relay夹具jigsandfixtures加强绝缘 reinforcedinsulation加工工艺 machineworkmanshiop加工精度 machiningaccuracy检汛leakagetest胶圈o-gasket脚轮节流结霜结构纠正绝缘电阻 insulationresistance绝对压力 absolutepressure绝缘电阻表insolationresistancemeter 开路circuit-open抗干扰immunity可加工性 machinability可控硅controlledsilicon空气调节 airconditioning空调工况 airconditioningcondition 空气循环 aircirculation宽度扩口冷凝冷凝温度 condensingtemperature冷凝器condenser离心风机 centrifugalfan(siroccofan) 理论排量 theoreticaldisplacement连接管堵头connectionpipecap量热计calorimeter零件parts流线型streamline流量计flowrator漏电起痕试验装置testingequipmentofscrapwithleakingcurrent螺钉螺栓螺母铭牌名称模具内螺纹管 innergroovecopperpipe爬电距离 creepagedistance排气端dischargeend排气压力 dischargepressure排气温度 dischargetemperature排气阀dischargevalve排气管dischargepipe排水管drainagepipe喷嘴flownozzle膨胀expansion批准气缸签名前(后清洗热断路thermalcut-out热敏电阻 thermistor热电偶thermocouple热电偶温度计thermocouplethermometor 热线风速仪hot-wireanemometer认证资料 approvedinformation润滑油lubricantoil扫风电机 swingmotor(louvermotor) 扫风叶片支架loueversupport扫风叶片 swinglouver商标审核审定湿度湿空气moistair湿球温度 wetbulbtemperature湿球温度计wetbulbthermometer 湿度计hygrometer湿度传感器humiditysensor。
物理专业英语词汇（V）
物理专业英语词汇(V)v n transition v n 跃迁v particle v 粒子vacancy 空位vacancy mobility 空位迁移率vacant level 空能级vacant shell 空壳vacuum 真空vacuum apparatus 真空装置vacuum capacitor 真空电容器vacuum chamber 真空室vacuum desiccation 真空干燥vacuum discharge 真空放电vacuum evaporation 真空蒸发vacuum expectation value 真空期待值vacuum fluctuation 真空起伏vacuum gauge 真空计vacuum heat treatment 真空热处理vacuum polarization 真空极化vacuum pump 真空泵vacuum seal 真空密封vacuum spectrograph 真空摄谱仪vacuum spectrometer 真空光谱仪vacuum spectroscope 真空分光镜vacuum system 真空装置vacuum thermocouple 真空热电偶vacuum tube 真空管vacuum tube electrometer 真空管静电计vacuum tube oscillator 真空管振荡器vacuum ultraviolet 真空紫外线vacuum ultraviolet spectroscopy 真空紫外光谱学vacuum ultraviolet spectrum 真空紫外谱vacuum valve 真空阀vagabond current 涡流vagabond ray 杂散光valence 价valence angle 价角valence band 价带valence bond 价键valence bond band 价带valence bond method 价键法valence crystal 价键晶体valence electron 价电子valence number 价数valence orbit 价轨道valency 价validity 精确度value 值van allen belt 范艾伦辐射带van allen radiation belt 范艾伦辐射带van de graaf generator 范德格拉夫发电机van der pol equation 范德波尔方程van der waals energy 范德瓦耳斯能量van der waals equation 范德瓦耳斯方程van der waals force 范德瓦耳斯力van der waals molecule 范德瓦耳斯分子van der waals' crystal 范德瓦耳斯晶体van hove singularity 范霍夫奇点van vleck paramagnetism 范弗莱克顺磁性vanadium 钒vapor 汽vapor phase epitaxial growth 气相外延生长vapor phase growth 气相生长vapor pressure 蒸气压vapor pressure lowering 蒸气压降低vapor tension 蒸气压vapor vacuum pump 蒸气真空泵vaporization heat 汽化热vapour 汽vapour density 汽密度vapour pressure 蒸气压vapour tension 蒸气压varactor 变容二极管variable 变数variable capacitance diode 变容二极管variable focus lens 变焦透镜variable leak valve 可变漏阀variable mu tube 可变管variable quantity 变量variable resistance 可变电阻variable resistor 可变电阻器variable star 变星variation method 变分法variation principle 变分原理variational principle 变分原理varifocal lens 变焦透镜variometer 可变电感器varistor 压敏电阻器vector coupling 矢量耦合vector current 矢量流vector field 矢量场vector meson 矢量介子vector meson dominance model 矢量介子优势模型vector model 矢量模型vector polarization 矢量极化vector potential 矢量势vector space 矢量空间vega 织女星vela 船帆座vela pulsar 船帆脉冲星vela supernova remnants 船帆超新星遗迹velocity 速度velocity distance relation 速距关系velocity distribution 速度谱velocity field 速度场velocity modulation 蒂velocity modulation tube 速弟velocity of light 光速velocity of propagation 传播速度velocity potential 速度势velocity profile 速度场velocity selector 速度选择器velocity space 速度空间velocity space instability 速度空间不稳定性velocity spectrum 速度谱vena contracta 缩脉venetian blind 四分之一波片veneziano model 对偶模型venturi tube 文杜里管venus 金星verdet constant 费尔德常数vernal equinox 春分vernal point 春分点verneuil method 韦纳伊法vertex detector 顶角探测器vertical component 垂直分量vertical line 垂线vertical pendulum 竖摆vertical take off and landing aircraft 垂直起落机very high pressure 甚高压very large array 甚大阵very large scale integrated circuit 超大规模集成电路very low frequency emission 甚低频发射very low frequency radiation 甚低频辐射very low temperature 甚低温vibrate 振动vibrating reed 振簧vibrating reed electrometer 振簧式静电计vibrating reed frequency meter 振簧式频率计vibration 振动vibration galvanometer 振动式检疗vibration of membrane 膜的振动vibration of plate 板的振动vibration of string 弦的振动vibration rotation band 转动振动光谱带vibration rotation interaction 振动转动相互酌vibration rotation spectrum 振动转动谱vibration testing machine 振动测试机vibrational band 振动带vibrational constant 振动常数vibrational energy 振动能量vibrational excitation 振动激发vibrational level 振动能级vibrational perturbation 振动微扰vibrational quantum number 振动量子数vibrational relaxation 振动弛豫vibrational spectrum 振动谱vibrational state 振动态vibrational structure 振动结构vibrational sum rule 振动求和规则vibrational temperature 振动温度vibrometer 测振计vibronic interaction 振动电子相互酌vickers hardness 维氏硬度video amplifier 视频放大器video frequency 视频video signal 视频信号videotape recorder 磁带录象机vidicon 光导摄象管viewfinder 取景器vignetting 渐晕villari effect 维拉里效应violet 紫的virasoro algebra 维拉宿代数virgo 室女座virial 维里virial coefficient 维里系数virial expansion 维里展开virial theorem 维里定理virtual cathode 虚阴极virtual displacement 虚位移virtual energy level 虚能级virtual focus 虚焦点virtual image 虚象virtual mass 虚质量virtual molecular orbital 虚分子轨函数virtual particle 虚粒子virtual process 虚过程virtual source 虚象源virtual state 虚态virtual temperature 虚温度virtual transition 虚跃迁virtual work 虚功viscoelastic fluid 粘弹性铃viscoelastic gas 粘弹性气体viscoelastic solid 粘弹性固体viscoelasticity 粘弹性viscometer 粘度计viscosimeter 粘度计viscosity 粘滞性viscosity gage 粘滞真空计viscous fluid 粘滞铃viscous friction 粘滞摩擦viscous solid 粘性固体visibility 可见性visibility curve 糜度曲线visibility factor 可见性因子visibility of interference fringes 干涉条纹可见度visible horizon 可见地平visible image 可见象visible light 可见辐射光visible radiation 可见辐射光visible rays 可见光线visible spectrum 可见光谱visible ultraviolet spectrophotometer 可见紫外分光光度计vision 视觉visor 取景器visual acuity 视敏度visual angle 视角visual binary 目视双星visual double 目视双星visual field 视野visual magnitude 目视星等visualization 显象visualization of flow 怜显象vitreous solid 玻璃状固体vitreous state 玻璃态vlasov equation 伏拉蓑方程vlbi 超长基线干涉量度法vlf emission 甚低频发射vlf radiation 甚低频辐射void 空位void coefficient 空穴系数void lattice 空穴点阵voigt body 沃伊特物体voigt model 沃伊特模型volans 飞鱼座volatilisation 挥发volatility 挥发性volatilization 挥发volt 伏volta effect 伏打效应voltage 电压voltage amplifier 电压放大器voltage drop 电压下降voltage regulation diode 倒二极管voltage regulator tube 倒管voltage standard circuit 电压标准电路voltaic cell 伏打电池voltameter 电量计voltampere 伏安voltmeter 电压表volume 体积volume control 音量控制volume effects of isotope shift 同位素位移体积效应volume energy 体积能volume expansivity 体积膨胀系数volume force 体积力volume hologram 深全息图volume indicator 强度指示器响度指示器volume ionization 体积电离volumeter 容积计von klitzing constant 克里青常数von kormon number 卡尔曼数von kormon's transonic similarity rule 卡尔曼的跨声速相似定律von neumann algebra 诺伊曼代数voronoi polyhedron 沃罗诺伊多面体vortex 涡流vortex currents 涡流涡电流vortex field 旋涡场vortex flow 涡流vortex line 涡线vortex line state 涡线态vortex motion 涡旋运动vortex ring 涡环vortex sheet 涡层vortex street 涡街vortex tube 涡管vorticity 涡量度vorticity transfer theory 涡度转移理论vowel 元音vtol aircraft 垂直起落机vulcanizate 硫化橡胶vulcanized rubber 硫化橡胶vulpecula 狐狸座。
特尔斯特热真空实验室说明书
Thermal Vacuum ChamberSpacecrafts orbiting the earth are subject to very extreme conditions due to the high vacuum environment and sudden temperature changes and gradients.To ensure that space hardware lasts for its specified life time, thorough testingneeds to be performed, so every decisive design factor that cannot be simulatedis mesuared. Telstar provides systems to conduct tests related with vacuum andtemperature:• Thermal Vacuum Tests for space hardware qualification and acceptance:• Components and complete satellites need to go through a series ofthermal cycling stress under vacuum in order to ensure they will functionproperly in real operating conditions.• Thermal equilibrium testing for space simulation.• Material Research and Qualification: outgassing effects need to be investigateddue to the fact that outgassed material can affect the spacecraft itself or itsinstrumentation.Space SimulationTelstar Thermal Vacuum ChambersTelstar background expertise in vacuum and thermal control relies on over 50 years experience. We have designed, supplied and serviced Thermal Vacuum Chambers to test from complete satellites to small electronic components. Our chambers are able to cover the most demanding temperature ranges and heating / cooling speeds, as well as taking into account the flexibility needed for each customer’s particular application:• Ultimate Vacuum: down to 10-7 mbar• Temperature range: from -196ºC to +200ºC• Heating/cooling rates up to 10ºC / min• Thermal baseplate (fixed, movable)• Active radiative shrouds• Independent temperature control for baseplate andshrouds and different temperature zoning of the shrouds• Different chamber shapes (horizontal cylinder, verticalcylinder, mailbox, etc)• Specific monitoring instrumentation: RGA, QCM…• Rotatable DUT support• Vibration isolation• Optical windows• RF & Microwave transmitting windows• Imaging• Solar collimated lamps, infrared lamps480m 3Space SimulatorVacuum SystemThe vacuum pumpset is designed according to chamber dimensions, pumpdown speed and ultimate pressure requirements. In most cases an operating pressure in the range of 10-6 mbar is sufficient. Roughing vacuum pumpsets are typically based on rotary vane vacuum pumps with roots blowers in series (complete dry pumpsets as an option). High vacuum pumpsets are based on turbomolecular pumps and/or large cryogenic vacuum pumps. Scavenger (cold) panels can be optionally proposed. Vacuum measurement is done with compact pressure transducers incorporating capacitance, pirani and ionization gages. Thermal Control Units (TCU)Telstar provides different thermal control systems dependingon the chamber requirements for both the base plate and theshrouds:Our silicon oil based Thermal Control Units (mechanicallycooled or LN2 cooled) are a cost effective solution for thermalranges from -90ºC to 150ºC.When the required temperature range is wider, low costsolutions based in open loop LN2 (once through) or themore performing compact design of dense GN2 recirculationThermal Control Unit are the best options. Open loop LN2inject controlled amounts of LN2 to the thermal panel forcooling and heating can be done by means of electrical heatersand/or lamps. GN2 TCUs work recirculating GN2 at constantdensity, providing tight temperature uniformity both duringsteady state and also in the heating/cooling ramps.Thermal control unitBR-TVC-EN-0621Telstar reserves the right to improvements and specifi c ation changes without notice. Thermal ShroudsIn order to adapt to different chamber geometries and sizes, Telstar provides a number of thermal shroud designs ensuring high conductance and optical opacity. The inner surface of the shrouds is painted with high absorptivity black paint (emissivity 0.9). The external surface of the shroud is polished and has a typical emissivity of 0.1. Telstar can provide both extruded aluminum alloy with vented profiles shrouds or double-embossed stainless steel shrouds.Control SystemOur Thermal Vacuum Chambers are controlled by state of the art PLC especially configured to comply with the highest quality control requirements. The PLC allows automatic operation including visual and audio signs, alarms, emergency buttons and automatic data storage. It also allows manual control of the system and modification of process parameters and recipes through the touchscreen. An optional SCADA system uses a computer to monitor and store the various parametersand events arising during operation.ISO 9001: Certifi ed Company marketing @ Headquarters Av. Font i Sagué, 5508227 Terrassa (Spain)T +34 937 361 600F +34 937 861 380Check for the nearest Telstar office athttps:///international/。
真空计(vacuum gauge)介绍
真空计(vacuum gauge)介绍用于测量低于大气压的稀薄气体总压力的仪表，又称真空规。
真空计的测量单位沿用压力测量单位，压力的国际单位为帕(Pa)，曾使用的单位还有托(Torr)和毫巴(mbar)等。
自1643年意大利物理学家E.托里拆利进行大气压力实验以来，先后出现许多种真空计。
最早出现的是Ｕ形管真空计,它只能用来测量粗真空和低真空。
1874年,H.G.麦克劳发明的压缩式真空计,解决了低真空和高真空的绝对压力的测量，但仍不能进行连续测量。
1906年，M.皮喇尼发明电阻式真空计，解决了工业生产中的低真空测量问题。
继而，O.E.巴克利于1916年又发明电离真空计,这在当时不仅解决了10-1～10-5帕的高真空测量,而且促进了油扩散泵等真空设备的发展和应用。
1937年，F.M.潘宁发明冷阴极电离真空计，适用于有大量放气和经常暴露于大气的真空设备的测量，所以在真空冶金和机械工业中得到广泛应用。
1950年，R.T.贝阿德和D.A.阿尔伯特发明BA式电离真空计,解决了10-8帕的超高真空测量问题,从而使真空测量获得了突破,并推动了超高真空技术的发展；而与此有关的表面物理、核能、航天和大型集成电路等科学技术也得到了迅速发展。
1960年以来，相继研制成功的调制规、抑制规、弯注规、分离规和磁控式电离规等已能实现10-11帕左右的超高真空测量。
分类真空计可分为绝对真空计和相对真空计两大类。
凡能从其本身测得的物理量（如液柱高度、工作液、比重等）直接计算出气体压力的称绝对真空计，这种真空计测量精度较高，主要用作基准量具。
相对真空计主要利用气体在低压力下的某些物理特性（如热传导、电离、粘滞性和应变等）与压力的关系间接测量，其测量精度较低，而且测量结果还与被测气体种类和成分有关。
因此相对真空计必须用绝对真空计标定和校准后方能用作真空测量。
但它能直接读出被测压力，使用方便，在实际应用中占绝大多数。
真空技术需要测量的压力范围为105～10-11帕，甚至更小,宽达16个数量级以上,尚无一种真空计能适用于从粗真空(105～102帕)、低真空（102～10-1帕）、高真空（10-1～10-5帕）、超高真空（小于10-5帕）到极高真空（小于10-10帕）的全范围测量,因而有多种真空计。
ASTM F1585-00 医用多孔性隔离包装完整性试验的标准导则
associated with the maintenance of package integrity need to be defined.4.1.8Sterilization Process—The sterilization process cho-sen may indicate the type of tests to be performed.For instance,in the case where there are substantial pressure changes during the sterilization process,it will be necessary to examine the package seals for degradation or failure from the affects of the pressure changes.Certain types of sterilization processes can degrade the packaging materials.The affect this has on the package integrity needs to be evaluated.4.2The evaluation of sterile package integrity is accom-plished by the following:4.2.1Determining seal or closure integrity by demonstrat-ing that the seal is impermeable and continuous through the use of tests,such as vacuum(Test Method D3078),leak(Test Method E515),visual examination(Test Method F1886),and dye penetrant(Test Method F1929).4.2.2Determining the microbial barrier property character-istics of the packaging materials(Test Method F1608).4.3The testing of the seal’s strength or its ability to hold the package together,through burst(Test Methods F1140,Method A),creep(Test Methods F1140,Method B),or tensile tests (Test Methods D903and F88)can result in a measure of the package’s ability to maintain its integrity.Seal strength tests should not be considered as package integrity tests.They can be used as an indicator of a package’s ability to withstand the stresses of manufacturing and sterilization processes,distribu-tion and storage environments,and as a mechanism for establishing process envelopes and for checking process con-trols.4.4Aging and Dating Claim Verification—When dating claims are made in the product labeling and verification of such claims with respect to the ability of the primary sterile barrier package to maintain integrity for that stated period is desired, reference Guide F1980.5.Procedure5.1Test Plan—A test plan should be prepared which is appropriate for the package and product being evaluated.The test plan should normally include sections such as purpose, scope,references,test sample,and test procedure.The test plan should be written to document what is being tested,why the test is being performed,what elements are to be tested,exactly how to perform the test either directly stated or by reference to ASTM or other standardized test(s),and the anticipated scope of the testing.Reference should be made to any previous testing or other documentation which is relevant.The informa-tion contained in the test plan should be thorough enough that it can be used as a processing guide to explain exactly how to prepare the test samples and how to perform the test.It should contain specific sample preparation instructions.If required, pass/fail criteria should be specifically stated.A rationale supporting specific pass/fail criteria may also be included.A test report(Section6)should be prepared including the results.5.2Test Procedure—Tables1and2,show the type of test, the ASTM test method(if currently available),and a descrip-tion of the test.For conditioning of packages prior to testing, refer to Practice D4332.Packages may also be prestressed with rough handling distribution by subjecting them to speci-fied distribution cycles and assurance levels in accordance with Practice D4169[for example,Distribution Cycles(DC)#3, single package environmental(not unitized or palletized),and DC#13Air(intercity)and motor freight(local)single package up to100lb/45.4kg,using Assurance Level I for the test intensity].When determining the number of sample packages to test,Practice E122may be helpful.6.Report6.1The test report should describe the test with sufficient detail for analysis at some time in the future and should include the following:6.1.1An overview statement documenting why the test was performed,what was being tested(including pass/fail criteria), how it was tested,how the test was evaluated,and the scope of the test results.Deviations between any written test plan and the actual tests performed should be noted(see5.2).6.1.2A conclusion statement documenting the outcome of the test relative to the reason why the test was being performed and comparing the results to the pass/fail criteria.Include any TABLE1Guide to Testing the Integrity of Porous Barrier MedicalPackagesVacuum A D3078BLeak A E515CVisual Examination F1886Dye Penetrant F1929Accelerated Aging F1980Material Microbial Challenge F1608A When performing Test Method D3078or E515,it should be cautioned,that any submersion of porous packaging materials in any liquid,such as water,and subjecting them to pressure or vacuum,may cause bubbles or penetration of that liquid.Unless the operator is cautioned or correctly trained in what to expect,test results can be erroneously reported and incorrectly interpreted.The listed stan-dards do not sufficiently address how to specifically handle porous materials.B This test method covers the determination of gross leaks in heat-sealed flexible packages and may be used to evaluate the performance of heat-sealed packages.C This test method covers procedures for detecting or locating leaks,or both,by bubble emission techniques.A quantitative measure is not practical with these procedures and the sensitivity is dependent on the particular technique.TABLE2Guide to Testing the Strength of Porous BarrierMedical PackagesType of Test ASTM StandardBurst(Internal Pressure)F1140,Method A ACreep(Internal Pressure)F1140,Method B BSeal Strength F88CPeel Strength D903DA This test method covers the procedures for determination of the ability of package materials or seals,or both,to withstand internal pressurization to the point of bursting.B This test method covers the procedures for determination of the ability of package materials or seals,or both,to withstand and hold a specified internal pressure.C This test method covers the measurement of the seal strength offlexible barrier materials.D This test method covers the determination of the comparative peel or stripping characteristics of adhesive bonds when tested on standard-sized specimens and under defined conditions of pretreatment,temperature,and testing machinespeed.observations or comments which are relative to the testing and supported by factual data.6.1.3A supporting data section which contains the informa-tion gathered during the testing and which supports the conclusion and observations presented.As applicable,the supporting data section should include material lot numbers,assembly job numbers,equipment used,processing param-eters,parts lists,material specifications,inspection reports,number of packages tested,number of failures (if any),and any other related information which is pertinent.7.Precision and Bias7.1The precision and bias statements are contained in the individual test methods referenced in this guide.APPENDIXES(Nonmandatory Information)X1.HELIUM GAS LEAK DETECTIONX1.1Efforts are presently in process within ASTM Com-mittee F02to develop a test method for use with recently available equipment for evaluating the seals of porous blister packages and pouches and the nonporous materials in those packages for integrity or leaks.The test is nondestructive and is based on sensing of a trace gas (helium)as it leaks from a breach in the seal or a leak in the nonporous material.In this test method,a temporary adhesive tape is used to mask the face of the porous barrier material.Tracer gas is delivered to the outside of the porous barrier material through a port in the temporary adhesive tape.The tracer gas passes into the package nondestructively through the porous barrier material.The tracer gas profile of the outside of the package is mapped using a tracer gas detector whose sampling probe is deployed on a three-axis translation stage.As of the date of this ballot revision,the process has progressed to the point of several reviewed drafts of a proposed test method and a planned round robin study.X2.INTERNAL PRESSURIZATION TESTX2.1This test is being developed within Subcommittee F02.60.The principal behind this proposed method is to form a controlled pressure differential by inflating a porous package to just below the bubble point of the porous material whilesubmerging the sample under the surface of a water filled container.The sample is observed for streams of bubbles that indicate a leak at that point in the sample.X3.MICROBIAL CHALLENGE TESTINGX3.1No whole package microbial challenge test has been found to be appropriate for all packages.Test parameters such as the microbial challenge concentration and dispersion,hu-midity,and pressure are difficult to control with the variety of package sizes,shapes and materials produced in the medical device industry.These test parameters would have to be customized for the type of package being evaluated.Other factors that discourage the standardization of a single test for all types of packages include the effects of static charges,test sensitivity limitations,methods for package decontaminationand assay following microbial challenge,time required to obtain results,and the level of expertise needed to perform the test.The current industry consensus approach for evaluation of packaging and packaging materials is generally to qualify porous packaging materials with a microbial challenge,and then to use physical test methods for evaluating the integrity of the final package.ASTM Subcommittee F02.60is currently evaluating a microbial challenge test for porous materials for the purpose of standardization.The American Society for Testing and Materials takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentioned in this ers of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights,and the risk of infringement of such rights,are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years and if not revised,either reapproved or withdrawn.Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standards and should be addressed to ASTM Headquarters.Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of the responsible technical committee,which you may attend.If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you should make your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards,at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM,100Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959,United States.Individual reprints (single or multiple copies)of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the above address or at 610-832-9585(phone),610-832-9555(fax),or service@ (e-mail);or through the ASTM website().。
验货缺陷英汉
常用电器英语对照翻译Major Applianceflashlight 手电筒fluorescent lamp 日光灯electric calculator 计算器tube 真空管electric fan 电风扇dictaphone, dictating machine 录音机magnetic tape 磁带television 电视机electric iron 电熨斗electric foot warmer 暖脚器electric shaver 电动剃须刀electric cooker 电饭锅electric heater 电暖气electric vacuum cleaner 吸尘器bulb 电灯泡electric oven 电烤箱radio 收音机microphone 麦克风loud-speaker 扩音机refrigerator 冰箱air conditioner 空调microwave oven 微波炉dry cell 干电池tap 电线搭接处MISSING ……………. 缺少……………, 掉了…………….例句:--- MISSING COMPONENTS 缺另件--- MISSING PARTS 缺零件--- MISSING MANUAL 缺操作说明--- MISSING INSTRUCTION LEAFLET 缺说明书--- MISSING BROCHURE 缺简介小册--- MISSING LABEL 缺标签--- MISSING STICKER 缺贴纸--- MISSING BAR CODE 缺条形码--- MISSING ASSEMBLE SHEET 缺组装说明--- MISSING 3/16”SLOTTED BIT 缺3/16”一字起子头--- MISSING 10 MM DEEP SOCKET 缺10 MM 长套筒2. N. ( V + ING ) OF……. PARTS ( 或ON ………SURFACE ) 例句:--- PITTING OF METAL PARTS 金属零件凹陷--- FLAKING OF CHROME PLATING 镀铬层剥脱壳--- FLASHING OF PLASTIC PARTS 塑料零件毛边--- FAILURE ON COATING SURFACE 烤漆表面不合格--- DEFORMATION OF RACK 框架变形--- MOULDING OF WOODEN HANDLE 木柄发霉--- CHIPPING ON STEEL PIPE SURFACE 铁管表面裂伤--- CRACKING OF 13 MM SOCKET 13 MM 套筒裂痕--- DENT ON METAL PLATE SURFACE 金属板表面凹痕--- NICK OF PLASTIC CASE 塑料盒割痕--- DUST OF PACKAGE 包装尘污--- RUSTING ON PLATING SURFACE 电镀表面生锈--- SMUTTING OF ARTWORK 彩卡脏污--- SCRATCHING ON COA TING SURFACE 烤漆表面刮伤--- SHARP EDGE OF HANDLE 手柄锐边--- CORROSION ON METAL SURFACE 金属表面腐蚀--- PEELING OF CHROME PLATING 镀铬层剥落--- BURRS OF GRINDING EDGE 研磨端毛边3. POOR + N. ( V + ING ) OF ………不良的……. , 太差的……. 例句:--- POOR MARKING OF LOGO 商标印字不良--- POOR LABELING OF STICKER 贴纸黏贴不良--- POOR COATING OF FRAME 支架烤漆不良--- POOR MOLDING OF PLASTIC HANDLE 塑料手柄成型不良--- POOR RIVETING OF PLATE CONNECTION 平板铆接不良--- POOR FORMING OF SHELF 棚架成型不良--- POOR PLATING 电镀不良--- POOR CLEANING 清洁不良--- POOR PRINTING 印刷不良--- POOR GLUING 胶合不良--- POOR ASSEMBLING组装不良--- POOR JOINT 接合不良--- POOR BALANCE 平衡不良--- POOR LASER MARK雷射不良--- POOR SHAVING 车削不良--- POOR EMBOSSING 滚花不良--- POOR PACKAGING 包装不良4. …… NOT MEA T…… , …… OUTSIDE ……. ,……NOT MA TCH ……. ……..不符合……..例句:--- CONTENTS NOT MA TCH P/O内容物不符订单--- OVERALL LENGTH NOT MEAT SPEC总长度不符规格--- HARDNESS OUTSIDE STANDARD硬度不符标准--- PRODUCTS NOT MA TCH SEALED SAMPLE产品不符确认样品--- PACKAGE NOT MEAT P/O包装不符订单--- FUNCTION NOT MEAT REQUIREMENT 功能不符需求5. ………FAILED , ………. 不合格例句:--- IMPACT TEST FAILED 冲击测试不合格--- GO / NO GO GAGE FAILED 塞规测试不合格--- TORQUE TEST FAILED 扭力测试不合格--- HARDNESS TEST FAILED 硬度测试不合格--- DROP TEST FAILED 落地测试不合格--- PERMNENT TEST FAILED 变形测试不合格--- WIRE CUTTING TEST FAILED 剪钢线测试不合格--- BENDING TEST FAILED 弯折测试不合格--- STRENGTH TEST FAILED 张力测试不合格--- STRIKING TEST FAILED 敲击测试不合格Burr 毛边，飞边Shinking 缩收Sharp edge 尖锐边color deviation 色差cut by worker withoutapproval 未经同意切削material mark 材料痕shining abnormal 异常发亮fail frozen testing/missle test 冷冻/导弹测试失败injection defect, not functional problem--注不满injection defect, functional problem--注不满，影响功能white mark 白痕，发白joint finger 指接wood texture incorrect 木头纹理不正确Moisture outside the scope (8~14 degree) 湿度不满足要求Worm hole 虫孔Decayed parts 腐烂Waney componentWater stainswarp (the max deformation is less than 1/8 inch) 翘曲，小于1/8“warp (the max deformation is more than 1/8 inch) 翘曲，大于1/8“Mineral streak line 矿物纹Fast/dead knot死结Live knot 活结Chip---doesn't cause sharp point 碎片不引起尖锐点Chip---does cause sharp point 碎片引起尖锐点Crack ---affect safety concern 裂缝影响功能Crack---lobed crack (表裂)Split开裂Dent ---doesn't expose on visible position or depthless than 1 mm 弯曲，不可视或小于1mmDent --- expose on visible position or depth morethan 1 mm弯曲，可视或大于1mmIndentation凹痕Gluing position with gap 胶粘，有缝隙Gluing line is obvisible 胶粘线可视incorrect texture纹理不正确string broken or emersion断线或脱线slight color deviation轻微色差serious color deviation 严重色差softgoods fail test, 色牢度，抗撕，抗拉，耐磨性测试失败thickness doesn't meet request密度不满足要求pin left in softgoods断针shrinkage缩水deformed变形flash/gate remnantmatted无光泽flow line/stress mark夹水纹/顶白poor molding喷塑不良contamination mark混色，混料mark 痕迹,污点,标记colourized 混色color deviation 颜色偏差color mismatched 颜色不配合burnt mark 烧焦痕damaged 烂/损坏poor trimming 修整不良dull surface 哑色poor spraying 喷油不良over spraying 飞油paint under coverage油太薄paint chipped off脱油orange peel painting油面呈橙皮壮foreign painting染油poor re-painting touchup补油不良missing spraying漏喷油dirty on paint surface油面有尘点paint bubbles油泡paint color deviation油颜色偏差paint color mismatched喷油颜色不配合paint abrasion fail油漆被擦paint adhesion fail油漆被甩paint dirty油面污糟spraying scratched喷油刮花dull of paint surface喷油哑色paint matted/frayed喷油无光泽/磨损yellowish painting油面发黄paint peel off油面起皮spraying uneven喷油不整齐paint damped油漆不干paint abrasion甩油bubble冒泡，气泡uneven paint coverage喷油厚薄，不均paint misregistration错色poor coating油漆外层不良Incorrect material using cause the structure or safety concern 材料不正确引起结构或功能性缺陷2Same element material usingbut the character is different元素相同但是特性不同3powder coating don't pass heavy metal content test by 3rd lab 粉末未能通过第三方重金属测试451Hardness don't meet request 硬度不满足要求2Tensile don't meet request抗拉测试不通过3.1thickness don't meet drawings request, slightly deviation, the product can pass testing.厚度不满足图纸要求，有轻微偏差但不影响成品测试3.2thickness don't meet drawings request,the product can't pass testing.厚度不满足图纸要求，成品测试失败3.3for Europe ALU. Parts, the thickness less than 1.2mm 销欧洲产品，铝部件厚度小于1.2mm 4Alu material analysis don't meet GB standard 铝材质分析不满足国标5Alu parts don't well packaged during transportation.内部转运过程未有效保护铝部件6the parameters didn't meet SOP during Alu process monitor 铝制造过程控制参数不满足SOP 要求1Barcol Hardness don't meet request, less than 50 minimum 巴氏硬度不满足要求, 小于50 度2use the wrong roving and felt and glass fiber during extrusion 挤压工序材料用错，粗纱，毡制品，玻璃纤维3wall thickness(including other dimensions) don't match requirement 壁厚不满足要求4color deviation, not uniform部件色差，5Missing components 包裝零件丟失2Incorrect packing method 包裝方式錯誤3.1Light deforming of packing but don’t damage the products 輕微包裝變形但不會造成產品損傷3.2Serious deforming of packing but don’t damage the products 嚴重包裝變形但不會造成產品損傷3.3Serious deforming or damage of packing but don't damage the product 嚴重包裝變形或损坏且不造成產品損傷3.4Serious deforming or damage of packing and damage the product 嚴重包裝變形或损坏且造成產品損傷4.1Seam missing 紙箱未封口4.2Poor taping / gluing and the opening on the cover panel 封箱不良, 箱蓋開口5Miss UPC 條碼標未貼6Miss Sticker or warning 要求之貼紙或警告標語未貼7.1Container loading - No container inspection 没执行货柜检查7.2Container loading - Dirt of Conatiner 货柜脏7.3Container loading - Incorrect loading way 装柜方式不正确8metal scissor/ knife pieces leave in box.刀具Master Carton / Color Box1Incorrect structure 紙箱結構不符要求2.1Incorrect seam method but no problem to pack the products and pass the test requirements of QR 紙箱和縫方式不正確但不影響包裝且通過QR測試2.2Incorrect seam method and the goods can not be well packed. 紙箱和縫方式不正確且影響包裝3.1Poor seam with the opening 紙箱和縫處不良並有開口3.2Poor seam with the opening and safety concern 紙箱和縫處不良並且有安全考量4.1Incorrect dimension but no problem to pack the products and pass the test requirements of QR 紙箱尺寸不正確但不影響包裝且通過QR測試4.2Incorrect dimension and the goods can not be well packed 尺寸不正确影响包装质量5Incorrect shipping mark 麥頭錯誤6.1Un-clear shipping mark but no problem to read 輕微印刷不清楚, 但仍可辨識6.2Un-clear shipping mark and can not read 印刷不清楚, 且無法辨識7Incorrect Graphic printing 圖案印刷錯誤8.1Serious tearing - less than 2cm length 嚴重撕裂小于2cm 長度8.2Serious tearing - 2~5cm length 嚴重撕裂2~5cm 長度8.3Serious tearing - over 5cm length or tearing two areas 嚴重撕裂超過5cm 長度或两处以上9.1Broken less than 2cm 破裂小于2cm 長度9.2Broken -- 2~5 cm length破裂2~5 cm 長度9.3Broken over 5cm, product visible 破裂超過5cm 長度10.1Visual dirt mark, spot, water mark etc…between 5 to 10 square cm and less than area 髒污點介於5 至10 平方cm10.2Visual dirt mark, spot, water mark etc… over 10 square cm髒污點大於10 平方cm11UPC can not be read 條碼無法讀取surface roughness don't meet requirement 表面粗糙度不满足要求6material or parts have particles, foreign materials, pits, cracks, voids, chips, sink marks, delaminations, blisters or scratches.材料、部件有粒子，杂质，凹陷，开裂，中空，碎片，缩痕、分层、水泡或划伤7material has resin-rich, resin- starved areas, significant shifting, wrinkles, bunching up, density variation 树脂分布区域不平衡，明显变化，皱纹，聚成团，密度变化等现象8material failed electrical, thermal, structural, outdoor weather-resistant characteristics. 材质不符合电、热、结构、室外抗风化等特性9nonflammabilityfailure 不可燃性不符合要求10density out of requriement range 0.065lb/inch3, tolerance +/- 10%.密度超出要求范围11failed" water absorption 0.75% maximum" 违反吸水率不得超过0.75%的要求12fail the DC current leak test 直流漏电测试失败Standard: shall not exceeed 90 microamperes when 90-kilovolts voltage is applied to electrodes spaced 10" apart on a length of rail-composite conditioned for 72h at 72 ℉&60 percent relative hunidity13fail AC dielectric strength test 交流电绝缘强度测试失败Standard: A full section of 1" rail material shall have a dielectric strength of at least 25000vt.14fail flexural modulus requirement, shall be 2.8*1000000 PSI minimum. 饶曲模量不符合要求1Hardness don't meet request 硬度不满足要求2twist test failure 扭曲测试失败3without screw-thread or any defects due to assembly impossible 没有螺纹或其他原因导致无法组立4spring doesn't pass cyclic test according to drawing弹簧不能通过疲劳测试5dimension deviation 尺寸偏差，不影响功能6fail testing 其他测试失败1Hardness don't meet request 硬度不满足要求2thickness don't meet request 厚度不满足要求3roundness deviation 圆度偏差4insert doesn't on right position 套管位置偏移5fail testing--抗弯强度1.雾气Moisture Streaks2.玻纤分配不均Glass Fiber Streaks3.困气Gas Trap Effect4.银丝纹Sliver Marks5.结合线Weld Line6.水波痕Water Wave Effect7.黑点Dark Sport8.顶出印Visible Ejector Marks9.变形Deformation During Demolding10.填充不足Short Filling11.冷料流痕Cold Slug12.进胶口点不良Dull Spots Near The Sprue13.喷射痕Jetting14.表面起层Flaking Of The Surface Layer15.浮泡Entrapped Air16.过热变色Burnt Streaks17.龟裂Stress Crack18.缩水痕Sink Marks19.真空气泡Density Bubble20.披锋Flash21.擦伤印Scratch MarksGlass fiber rich surface/glass emergence on the surface22 尺寸过大Over dimension23尺寸过小Under dimension24 翘曲Warpage/warped25 收缩Shrinkage/shrink26 缩影Sink marks27 打不满Short shot/short moldingAssembly line组装线Layout布置图Conveyer流水线物料板Rivet table拉钉机Rivet gun 拉钉枪Screw driver起子Electric screw driver电动起子Pneumatic screw driver气动起子worktable 工作桌OOBA开箱检查fit together组装在一起fasten锁紧(螺丝) fixture 夹具(治具) pallet栈板barcode条形码barcode scanner条形码扫描仪fuse together熔合fuse machine热熔机repair 修理operator作业员QC品管supervisor 课长ME制造工程师MT制造技术cosmetic inspect外观检查inner parts inspect内部检查thumb screw大头螺丝lbs.inch镑、英寸EMI gasket导电条front plate 前板rear plate后板chassis |'∫?si| 基座bezel panel面板power button电源按键reset button重置键Hi-pot test of SPS高源高压测试V oltage switch of SPS电源电压接柆键sheet metal parts 冲件plastic parts 塑料件SOP制造作业程序material check list物料检查表work cell工作间trolley台车carton纸箱sub-line支线left fork叉车personnel resource department 人力资源部production department 生产部门planning department企划部QC Section品管科stamping factory冲压厂painting factory烤漆厂molding factory成型厂common equipment常用设备uncoiler and straightener整平机punching machine 冲床robot机械手hydraulic machine油压机lathe车床planer |'plein?|刨床miller铣床grinder磨床driller钻床linear cutting线切割electrical sparkle电火花welder电焊机staker=reviting machine铆合机position职务president董事长general manager总经理special assistant manager特助factory director厂长department director部长deputy manager |'depjuti| =vice manager副理section supervisor课长deputy section supervisor =vice section superisor副课长group leader/supervisor组长line supervisor线长assistant manager助理to move, to carry, to handle搬运be put in storage入库pack packing包装to apply oil擦油to file burr 锉毛刺final inspection终检to connect material接料to reverse material 翻料wet station沾湿台Tiana天那水cleaning cloth抹布to load material上料to unload material卸料to return material/stock to退料scraped |'skr?pid|报废scrape ..v.刮;削manufacture procedure制程deficient manufacturing procedure制程不良oxidation |' ksi'dei?n|氧化scratch刮伤dents压痕defective upsiding down抽芽不良defective to staking铆合不良embeded lump|in'bed| |l?mp|镶块feeding is not in place送料不到位stamping-missing漏冲production capacity生产力education and training教育与训练proposal improvement提案改善spare parts=buffer备件forklift叉车trailer=long vehicle拖板车compound die合模die locker锁模器pressure plate=plate pinch压板bolt螺栓name of a department部门名称administration/general affairs dept总务部automatic crewdriver电动启子thickness gauge厚薄规gauge(or jig)治具power wire电源线buzzle蜂鸣器defective product label不良标签identifying sheet list标示单screwdriver holder起子插座pedal踩踏板stopper阻挡器flow board流水板hydraulic handjack油压板车forklift叉车pallet栈板glove(s)手套glove(s) with exposed fingers割手套thumb大拇指forefinger食指midfinger中指ring finger无名指little finger小指band-aid创可贴iudustrial alcohol工业酒精alcohol container沾湿台head of screwdriver起子头sweeper扫把mop拖把vaccum cleaner吸尘器rag 抹布garbage container灰箕garbage can垃圾箱garbage bag垃圾袋chain链条jack升降机production line流水线chain链条槽magnetizer加磁器lamp holder灯架to mop the floor拖地to clean the floor扫地to clean a table擦桌子air pipe 气管packaging tool打包机packaging打包missing part漏件wrong part错件excessive defects过多的缺陷critical defect 极严重缺陷major defect主要缺陷minor defect次要缺陷not up to standard不合规格dimension/size is a little bigger尺寸偏大(小)cosmetic defect外观不良e = receive验收to notice 通知application form for purchase请购单consume, consumption消耗to fill in填写abrasion磨损reverse angle = chamfer倒角character die字模to collect, to gather收集failure, trouble故障statistics统计demand and supply需求career card履历卡to take apart a die卸下模具to load a die装上模具to tight a bolt拧紧螺栓to looser a bolt拧松螺栓to move away a die plate移走模板easily damaged parts易损件standard parts标准件breaking.(be)broken,(be)cracked 断裂to lubricate润滑common vocabulary for die engineering模具工程常用词汇die 模具figure file, chart file图档cutting die, blanking die冲裁模progressive die, follow (-on)die连续模compound die复合模punched hole冲孔panel board镶块to cutedges=side cut=side scrap切边to bending 折弯to pull, to stretch拉伸Line streching, line pulling线拉伸engraving, to engrave刻印upsiding down edges翻边to stake铆合designing, to design设计design modification设计变化die block模块folded block折弯块sliding block滑块location pin定位销lifting pin顶料销die plate, front board模板padding block垫块stepping bar垫条upper die base上模座lower die base 下模座upper supporting blank上承板upper padding plate blank上垫板spare dies模具备品spring 弹簧bolt螺栓document folder活页夹file folder资料夹to put file in order整理资料spare tools location手工备品仓first count初盘人first check初盘复棹人second count 复盘人second check复盘复核人equipment设备waste materials废料work in progress product在制品casing = containerazation装箱quantity of physical invetory second count 复盘点数量quantity of customs count会计师盘,点数量the first page第一联filed by accounting department for reference会计部存查end-user/using unit(department)使用单位summary of year-end physical inventory bills年终盘点截止单据汇总表bill name单据名称This sheet and physical inventory list will be sent to accounting department together (Those of NHK will be sent to financial department)本表请与盘点清册一起送会计部－(NHK厂区送财会部)Application status records of year-end physical inventory List and physical inventory card 年终盘点卡与清册使用－状况明细表blank and waste sheet NO.空白与作废单号plate电镀mold成型material for engineering mold testing工程试模材料not included in physical inventory不列入盘点sample样品incoming material to be inspected进货待验description品名steel/rolled steel钢材material statistics sheet 物料统计明细表meeting minutes会议记录meeting type 会别distribution department分发单位location地点difference quantity差异量cause analysis原因分析raw materials原料materials物料finished product成品semi-finished product半成品packing materials包材good product/accepted goods/ accepted parts/good parts良品defective product/non-good parts不良品warehouse/hub仓库on way location在途仓oversea location海外仓spare parts physical inventory list备品盘点清单spare molds location模具备品仓skid/pallet栈板tox machine自铆机wire EDM线割EDM 放电机coil stock卷料sheet stock片料tolerance工差score=groove压线cam block滑块pilot导正筒trim剪外边pierce剪内边drag form压锻差pocket for the punch head挂钩槽slug hole废料孔feature die公母模expansion dwg展开图radius半径shim(wedge)楔子torch-flame cut火焰切割set screw止付螺丝form block折刀stop pin定位销round pierce punch=die button圆冲子shape punch=die insert异形子stock locater block定位块under cut=scrap chopper清角active plate活动板baffle plate挡块cover plate盖板male die公模female die母模groove punch压线冲子air-cushion eject-rod气垫顶杆spring-box eject-plate弹簧箱顶板bushing block衬套insert 入块club car高尔夫球车capability能力parameter参数factor系数phosphate皮膜化成viscosity 涂料粘度alkalidipping脱脂main manifold主集流脉bezel斜视规blanking穿落模dejecting顶固模demagnetization去磁;消磁high-speed transmission高速传递heat dissipation热传rack上料degrease脱脂rinse水洗alkaline etch龄咬desmut剥黑膜D.I. rinse纯水次Chromate铬酸处理Anodize阳性处理seal封孔revision版次part number/P/N料号good products良品scraped products报放心品defective products不良品finished ducts成品disposed products处理品barcode条形码flow chart流程窗体assembly组装stamping冲压molding成型spare parts=buffer备品coordinate坐标dismantle the die折模auxiliary fuction辅助功能poly-line多义线heater band 加热片thermocouple热电偶sand blasting喷沙grit 砂砾derusting machine除锈机degate打浇口dryer烘干机induction感应induction light感应光response=reaction=interaction感应ram连杆edge finder巡边器concave凸convex凹short射料不足nick缺口speck瑕疪shine亮班splay 银纹gas mark焦痕delamination起鳞cold slug 冷块blush 导色gouge沟槽;凿槽satin texture段面咬花witness line证示线patent专利grit沙砾granule=peuet=grain细粒grit maker抽粒机cushion缓冲magnalium镁铝合金magnesium镁金metal plate钣金lathe车mill锉plane刨grind磨drill铝boring镗blinster气泡fillet镶;嵌边through-hole form通孔形式voller pin formality滚针形式cam driver铡楔shank摸柄crank shaft曲柄轴augular offset 角度偏差velocity速度production tempo生产进度现状torque扭矩spline=the multiple keys花键quenching淬火tempering回火annealing退火carbonization碳化alloy合金tungsten high speed steel钨高速的moly high speed steel钼高速的organic solvent有机溶剂bracket小磁导liaison联络单volatile 挥发性resistance电阻ion离子titrator滴定仪beacon警示灯coolant冷却液crusher破碎机模具工程类plain die简易模pierce die冲孔模forming die成型模progressive die连续模gang dies复合模shearing die剪边模riveting die铆合模pierce冲孔forming成型(抽凸,冲凸)draw hole抽孔bending折弯CPU: central processing unit(中央处理器)IC: Integrated circuit(集成电路)Memory IC: Memory Integrated circuit（记忆集成电路）RAM: Random Access Memory（随机存取存储器）DRAM: Dynamic Random Access Memory（动态随机存取存储器）SRAM: Staic Random Access Memory（静态随机存储器）ROM: Read-only Memory（只读存储器）EPROM:Electrical Programmable Read-only Memory（电可抹只读存诸器）EEPROM: Electrical Erasbale Programmable Read-only Memory（电可抹可编程只读存储器）CMOS: Complementary Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor（互补金属氧化物半导体）BIOS: Basic Input Output System（基本输入输出系统）Transistor：电晶体LED:发光二极体Resistor：电阻Variator：可变电阻Capacitor:电容Capacitor array：排容Diode：二极体Transistor：三极体Transformer：变压器（ADP）Oscillator：频率振荡器（0sc）Crystal：石英振荡器XTAL/OSC:振荡产生器（X）Relay：延时器Sensor：感应器Bead core：磁珠Filter:滤波器Flat Cable：排线Inductor：电感Buzzer：蜂鸣器Socket：插座Slot：插槽Fuse：熔断器Current：电流表Solder iron：电烙铁Magnifying glass：放大镜Caliper：游标卡尺Driver：螺丝起子Oven：烤箱TFT:液晶显示器Oscilloscope：示波器Connector：连接器PCB: printed circuit board（印刷电路板）PCBA: printed circuit board assembly（电路板成品）PP:并行接口HDD:硬盘FDD:软盘PSU: power supply unit（电源供应器）SPEC:规格Attach:附件Case: 机箱，盖子Cover：上盖Base：下盖Bezel：面板（panel）Bracket：支架，铁片Label ：贴纸Guide：手册Manual：手册，指南Card：网卡Switch：交换机Hub：集线器Router：路由器Sample：样品Gap：间隙Sponge：海绵Pallet：栈板Foam：保利龙Fiber：光纤Disk：磁盘片PROG:程序Barcode：条码System：系统System Barcode：系统条码M/B: mother board：主板CD-ROM:光驱FAN:风扇Cable：线材Audio：音效K/B: Keyboard（键盘）Mouse：鼠标Riser card：转接卡Card reader：读卡器Screw：螺丝Thermal pad：散热垫Heat sink：散热片Rubber：橡胶垫Rubber foot：脚垫Bag：袋子Washer：垫圈Sleeve：袖套Configuration：机构Label hi-pot：高压标签Firmware label：烧录标签Metal cover：金属盖子Plastic cover：塑胶盖子Tape for packing：包装带Bar code：条码Tray：托盘Collector ：集线夹Holder：固定器,L 铁Connecter：连接器IDE:集成电路设备，智能磁盘设备SCSI:小型计算机系统接口Gasket：导电泡棉AGP:加速图形接口PCI:周边组件扩展接口LAN:局域网USB:通用串形总线架构Slim：小型化COM:串型通讯端口LPT:打印口，并行口Power cord：电源线I/O:输入，输出Speaker：扬声器EPE:泡棉Carton：纸箱Button：按键，按钮Foot stand：脚架。
心理学专业英语词汇（V）
心理学专业英语词汇(V)v factor 语文理解因素v.f. 语言震颤va 视敏度vacancy 空虚vacant state 空态vacillate 波动vacuum reaction 真空反应vacuum response 真空反应vagabond 游民vagabondage 流浪vagabondish 流浪者vagal 迷走神经的vagary 奇想vagoaccessorius 迷走副神经vagoglossopharyngeal 迷走舌咽神经的迷走舌咽神经的vagogram 迷走神经电图vagomimetic 类迷走神经的vagoneurosis 迷走神经病vagosplanchnic 迷走交感神经的vagotomy 迷走神经切断术vagotonia 迷走神经过敏vagotonin 迷走神经紧张素vagotony 迷走神经紧张vagotropic 对迷走神经起作用的vagotropism 向迷走神经性vagovagal 经迷走神经反射的vagrancy 思想游移不定vagus nerve 迷走神经vagusstoff 迷走神经素vainglory 自负vakt 多感官教学法valence 效价valence 诱发力valence expectancy model 诱意性期待模型valetudinarianism 虚弱valid argument 有效论证valid argumentation 有效论点valid dimension 有效维度valid exclusion 正确排除valid inclusion 正确录取valid negative 正确否定valid positive 正确肯定validate validity 实证效度validation 效度validation study 效度研究validity 效度validity coefficient 效度系数validity criterion 效度标准valnoctamide 甲乙基戊酰胺valuable 有价值的value 价值value analysis 价值分析value analysis engineering 价值分析工程value clarification 价值澄清法value consensus 价值共认value expression 价值表现value form 价值形式value goal 价值目标value goal congruence 价值目标一致性价值目标一致性value judgment 价值判断value of autonomy 自主的价值value of calculation 计算值value of personality 人格的价值value scale 价值量表value standard 价值标准value system 价值体系value test 价值观测查values 价值观念values characteristics 价值观特征values clarification 价值观辨析values clarification school 价值观辨析学派value expressive function 价值表现机能价值表现机能vamp 勾引vandalism 破坏行为vane 反复无常的人vane kindergarten test 韦恩幼儿园测验vanish 消失vanishing point 隐没点vanity 虚荣心vanquish 克服vantage 优势vapidity 乏味vaporish 忧郁的vaporous 空想的variability 变异性variability scale 离势量表variable 变量variable 可变的variable annuity 可变年金variable certainty equivalent method 可变确定值等分法variable contrast 可变反差variable error 变误variable geometry 可变机翼variable interval 不定时variable interval reinforcement 变动间隔强化variable limit 可变极限variable quantity 变量variable radix 可变基数variable ratio 变率variable ratio reinforcement 变率强化variable selection 变量选择variable stimulus 变异刺激variable interval reinforcement schedule 变动时距式强化方式variable interval schedule 可变时距程序可变时距程序variable pay programs 浮动工资方案浮动工资方案variable ratio reinforcement schedule 变动比率式强化方式variable ratio schedule 可变比率程序可变比率程序variable sweep wing 可变后掠翼variance 变异数variance 方差variance analysis 方差分析variance component 方差成分variance components method 方差分析法方差分析法variance law 方差律variance of configuration 组态方差variance of sum 总和方差variance of totals 总量方差variance optimum value 方差最优值variance partitioning 方差划分variance ratio 变异刺激variance testing 方差检定variance yields 方差值variance component model 方差分子模式variance maximizing rotation 极大方差轴转variant 变异variate 变量variation 变异variation 离中趋势variation analysis 差异分析variation tone 变调音variational psychology 差别心理学variator 调音器varicolored 杂色的varied reaction 多变反应variety 多样化varmint 流氓vary 改变vary in size 大小不同vascular 血管的vascular dementia 血管性痴呆vascular plethysmography 血管容积描记法vascular reaction 血管反应vascular reflex 血管反射vascular theory 脉管论vasculomotor 血管舒缩的vasoconstriction 血管收缩vasoconstrictor centre 血管收缩中枢vasoconstrictor nerve 血管收缩神经vasodilatation 血管舒张vasodilator 血管舒张药vasodilator centre 血管舒张中枢vasodilator nerve 血管舒张神经vasomotor centre 血管舒缩中枢vasomotor headache 血管运动性头痛vasomotor reflex 血管舒缩反射vasopressin 血管加压素vasovagal 血管迷走神经的vdt 视觉显示终端ve 爱vecordia 轻度精神障碍vector 矢量vector 向量vector addition 向量加法vector algebra 向量代数vector analysis 向量分析vector approach to psychotherapy 心理治疗指向分析vector diagram 向量图vector distribution 向量分布vector method 向量法vector notation 向量记法vector psychology 向量心理学vector quantity 向量vector sum 向量和vector variable 向量变量vectorcardiogram 心电向量图vectorcardiograph 心电向量描记器veerne s syndrome 韦内综合症vegan 绝对素食者veganism 绝对素食主义vegetarian 素食者vegetarianism 素食主义vegetation 单调的生活vegetative 植物性的vegetative function 营养机能vegetative life 植物性生活vegetative motivation 生存动机vegetative nervous system 植物性神经系统vegetative neurosis 植物性神经官能症植物性神经官能症vegetative stimulus 植物神经性刺激vehement 热烈的vehicle 媒介物vehicle 运载工具vehicle accident 交通事故vehicles 载体veiled 掩饰的vein 静脉veinlet 小静脉velar stop 舌后塞音velleity 意志薄弱velocimeter 速度计velocity 速度velocity constancy 速度常性velocity threshold 速度阈限velocity transposition phenomenon 速度变换现象velometer 速度计venae cerebri 大脑静脉venae cordis 心静脉venenation 中毒venenum 毒venereal disease 性病venereologist 性病学家venereology 性病学venereophobia 性病恐怖症venerismus 性病venery 性欲的vengeful 有报仇心理的venous pulse 静脉脉搏vent 发泄ventilation 舒发ventrad 向腹侧ventral 腹侧ventral horn 腹角ventral medial hypothalamus 腹中下丘脑腹中下丘脑ventral root 腹根ventralward 向腹侧ventricle 脑室ventriculitis 脑室炎ventriculogram 脑室造影照片ventriculography 脑室造影术ventriculometry 脑室压测量法ventriculus cerebelli 小脑室ventriculus cerebri 脑室ventriculus quartus 第四脑室ventriculus tertius 第三脑室ventrobasal complex 腹侧基底核丛ventrolateral nucleus of thalamus 丘脑腹外侧核ventromedial arcuate nucleus 腹内侧弓状核ventromedial hypothalamus 腹内侧下丘脑ventromedial nucleus of hypothalamus 下丘脑腹内侧核venture 冒险vep 视觉诱发电位veracious 可靠的veracity 真实性verbal 言语的verbal ability 言语能力verbal ability test 言语能力测验verbal alexia 语性失读verbal amnesia 词语遗忘verbal aphasia 词汇性失语症verbal apraxia 词汇性失用症verbal aptitude test 言语能力测验verbal association 言语联想verbal attack 言语攻击verbal behavior 言语行为verbal coding 言语编码verbal communication 口头沟通verbal communication 言语交流verbal conditioning 言语条件作用verbal development 言语发展verbal development in infancy 婴儿期言语的发展verbal discrimination 语文辨别verbal error 用词错误verbal exposition 言语表达verbal expression skill 言语表达能力verbal feedback 言语反馈verbal figure 语图verbal function 言语功能verbal generalization 语意类化verbal inhibition 言语抑制verbal intelligence 语文智力verbal intelligence test 语文智力测验verbal iq 语文智商verbal kinesthesia 言语动觉verbal learning 语文学习verbal meaning 语文意义verbal mediation 言语中介verbal memory 语文记忆verbal paraphasia 语性错语verbal power 言语功率verbal psychotherapy 言语心理治疗verbal reasoning 语文推理verbal reasoning quotient 语文推理商数语文推理商数verbal reinforcement 言语强化verbal report method 口头报告法verbal scale 言语量表verbal stereotype 语性刻板印象verbal suggestion 言语暗示verbal test 文字测验verbal thought 言语思维verbalism 言语主义verbalization 言语表达verbalized attitude 言表态度verbal motion transfer 言语动作迁移verbatim recall 逐字回忆verbicide 滥用语词者verbigeration 重复言语verbomania 饶舌癖verb adjective proportion 动词形容词比动词形容词比veridical perception 真实知觉verifiable 可证实的verification 验证verification of data 数据核对verification process 验实过程verification stage 论证期verification test 证实试验verify 证实verisimilitude 真实性verity 真实性vermis 蚓部vermis cerebelli 小脑蚓部vernier 微差游标vernier acuity 游标视敏度vernier chronoscope 微差计时器verno s hierarchy structure model of intelligence 弗南智力层次结构模式versatility 多面性versatility indices 多方适应性指标versed 精通的version test 变式检查verstehend psychologie 理解心理学vertebrates 脊椎动物vertex positive wave 顶正波vertical association 垂直联想vertical axis 纵轴vertical center line illusion 垂直中线错觉vertical diagonal band 对顶带vertical differentiation of organization 组织的纵向分化vertical group 垂直团体vertical growth 垂直成长vertical integration 垂直整合vertical inventory 垂直式量表vertical loyalty 垂直效忠vertical mobility 纵向流动vertical process 垂直过程vertical sampling 垂直抽样vertical social distance 纵向社会距离vertical social mobility 纵向社会流动vertical society 纵向社会vertical transfer 垂直迁移verticality 垂直性vertical horizontal illusion 横竖错觉vertiginous 眩晕的vertigo 眩晕vertigophobia 眩晕恐怖症verve 活力very bright 聪明儿童vesania 躁狂症vesanic 疯癫的vesica 泡vesical reflex 膀胱反射vesicle 囊泡vestibular 前庭的vestibular apparatus 前庭装置vestibular function 前庭机能vestibular hallucination 前庭幻觉vestibular membrane 前庭膜vestibular nerve 前庭神经vestibular nucleus 前庭神经核vestibular nystagmus 前庭性眼振vestibular organ 前庭器vestibular response 前庭反应vestibular sac 前庭囊vestibular sensations 前庭感觉vestibular stimulation 前庭刺激vestibular system 前庭系统vestibular vegetative disturbance 前庭植物性紊乱vestibule 前庭vestibule school 技工学校vestibulocerebellum 前庭小脑vestibulocochlear nerve 听前庭神经vestibulo ocular reflex 前庭眼球反射vestibulo ocular response 前庭眼球反应前庭眼球反应vestibulo proprioceptive illusion 前庭本体性错觉vestibulo spinal tract 前庭脊髓径vestigial 发育不全的vestigial organ 退化器官vex 使烦恼vexation 烦恼vf 语言震颤vi reiforcement schedule 变动时距式强化方式viability 生存力vibes 激动vibrate 振动vibratile 振动的vibration 振动vibration adaptation 振动觉适应vibration base 振动台vibration effect 振动效应vibration exposure limits 振动耐受限度振动耐受限度vibration limit 受振限度vibration limit for comfort 保证舒适的受振限度vibration limit for safety 保证安全的受振限度vibration platen 振动平台vibration sensation 振动觉vibration sense 振动觉vibration sensitive receptor 振动感受器振动感受器vibration table 振动台vibratiuncle 微振vibrato 颤音vibrator 振动器vibrocardiogram 心振动描记图vibrocardiography 心振动描记术vibrograph 振动显示器vibromasseur 振动按摩器vibrometer 振动治聋器vibrophone 鼓膜振动器vibrophonocardiograph 心振动心音描记器vibroscope 振动仪vibrotherapeutics 振动疗法vibrotherapy 振动疗法vicarious 感应式vicarious 替代的vicarious classical conditioning 感应式古典条件作用vicarious conditioning 替代性条件作用替代性制约作用vicarious consequences 替代性结果vicarious emotional arousal 感应式情绪引发vicarious experience 替代性经验vicarious extinction 感应式学习消除vicarious function 替代作用vicarious learning 代替学习vicarious reinforcement 替代性强化vicarious responding 替代反应vicarious satisfaction 感应式满足vicarious trial and error 替代性尝试错误vice 恶习vicinal 邻近的vicious argument 错误论点vicious circle 恶性循环vicious habits 恶习vicious pronunciation 不正确发音vicious transformation 恶性转化viciousness of crime 犯罪恶习vicissitudes of libido 欲力转变victim 被害人victim psychology 被害人心理victimization 受害victimize 受害video 电视video amplifier 视频放大器video amplitude 视频振幅video data terminal 显示数据终端video display units 视频显示器video frequency 视频video recall 视觉回忆video signal 视频信号videotapes 录像磁带videotapes instruction 录像磁带教学video phone 电视电话vie 竞争viennese school 维也纳学派vier 竞争者vierodt s law 维厄洛两点阈定律vieth muller circle 维斯穆勒圆view 观点view 看法view of criminality 犯罪观view of live 人生观view of the world 世界观viewing angle 视角viewing distance 视距viewing system 观察系统views on intelligence and ability 智能观智能观views on knowing and doing 知行观views on mind and matter 心物观views on vital will and energy 志气观view point 观点vigilambulism 醒性梦行症vigilance 警戒vigilance task 警戒工作vigor 精力vigor tolerance 总耐力vigorous 健壮性vigotsky concept formation 维哥斯基概念形成测验vile practices 可耻行为vile violence 狂热行为vile weather 恶劣天气vilification 诬蔑villaret s syndrome 维拉雷综合症vinbarbital 戊烯巴比妥vincent curve 文森特曲线vindicability 可证明性vindicable 可证明的vineland social maturity scale 威尼兰社会成熟量表vino 酒vinous 酒的vinous excitement 酒后兴奋violate 强奸violence 暴动violent behavior 暴力行为violet 紫viper 险恶之人viral 病毒的viral leukoncephalopathy 病毒性脑白质病virgin 处女virginal anxiety 处女焦虑virile 男性化virile response 强劲性反应viriligenic 促男性化的virilism 男性化virility 有男性特征virilization 女性男性化virtual 实质上的virtual image 虚像virtual memory 虚拟存储器virtual organization 虚拟组织virtual temperature 虚温virtual work 虚功virtue 德行virus inhibition 病毒抑制viscera 内脏visceral brain 内脏脑visceral drive 内脏驱力visceral hallucination 内脏幻觉visceral learning 内脏学习visceral nerve 内脏神经visceral nervous system 内脏神经系统内脏神经系统visceral pain 内脏痛visceral paraesthesia 内脏感觉异常visceral reaction 内脏反应visceral receptor 内脏感受器visceral reflex 内脏反射visceral sensation 内脏感觉visceral vegetative system 内脏植物性系统visceroatonia 内脏优势型visceroatonia type 内脏型visceroceptor 内脏感受器viscerogenic desires 出自本能的欲望viscerogenic motivation 生理性动机viscerogenic need 内脏性需要visceroinhibitory 抑制内脏运动的visceromotor 内脏运动的viscerosensory 内脏感觉的viscerotonia 肥胖型viscerotonia 内脏强健型viscero neurosis 内脏性神经症viscus 内脏visibility curve 视见曲线visibility function 视见函数visibility level 能见度水平visibility meter 能见度仪visible 能见的visible light 可见光visible mutant 可见突变型visible range 可视域visible spectrum 可见光谱vision 视觉vision theory 视觉说visual 视觉的visual accommodation 视觉调节visual acuity 视敏度visual adaptation 视觉适应visual afterimage 视觉后像visual agnosia 视觉失认症visual agnosic alexia 视觉失认性失读visual aid 视觉教具visual allesthesia 视觉异处感觉visual amnesia 文字盲visual analyzer 视觉分析器visual angle 视角visual aphasia 视觉性失语症visual area 视觉区visual arts 视觉艺术visual auditory aid 视听辅助工具visual axis 视轴visual brightness 视觉亮度visual capacity 视觉能力visual cell 视细胞visual center 视中枢visual cliff 视崖visual code 视码visual coding 视觉编码visual cognition 视觉认知visual contrast 视觉对比visual coordinate 视觉坐标visual cortex 视觉皮质visual defect 视觉缺陷visual deprivation 视剥夺visual development 视觉发展visual direction 视觉方向visual discrimination 视觉辨别visual disparity 双眼视差visual display 视觉显示visual display terminal 视觉显示终端visual display unit 视觉显示单元visual displays 视觉显示器visual disturbance 视觉障碍visual environment 视觉环境visual ergonomics 视觉工效学visual evoked potential 视觉诱发电位visual exploration 视觉探索visual fatigue 视觉疲劳visual feedback 视觉反馈visual field 视野visual field of color 彩色视野visual field of fixation 注视视野visual fixation 注视visual focusing 视觉焦距visual hallucination 幻视visual hallucination 视幻觉visual hearing 以视代听visual idea 视觉观念visual illusion 视错觉visual illusion in flight 飞行视错觉visual image 视觉表象visual imagery 视觉表象visual information 视觉信息visual information storage 视觉信息储存视觉讯息储存visual kinesthetic 视动的visual language 视觉语言visual limen 视觉阈限visual line 视线visual literacy 视觉认识能力visual masking 视觉掩蔽visual measurement 目测visual memory 视觉记忆visual meter 视觉计visual motor 视动visual motor behavior rehearsal 视觉运动行为演练visual motor gestalt test 视动完形测验视动完形测验visual movement 视觉运动visual noise 视觉噪声visual noise in tracking 追踪中的视觉干扰visual object agnosia 视觉物体失认visual organ 视觉器官visual organization 视觉组织visual pattern recognition 视觉模式辨认视觉模式辨认visual pattern recognition machine 视觉图像辨认机visual perception 视知觉visual perception of velocity 速度的视知觉visual performance 视觉功能visual photometry 视觉测光法visual pigment 视色素visual preference of neonate 新生儿的视觉偏爱visual projection 视像投射visual purple 视紫visual pursuit 视觉追踪visual range 视觉范围visual receptor 视觉感受器visual reflex 视反射visual register 视觉登记visual resolution factor 视觉分辨率visual rivalry 视觉竞争visual scanning 视觉扫描visual search 视觉搜索visual search pattern 视觉搜索模式visual sensation 视觉visual sense 视觉visual sensibility 视觉感受性visual size perception 大小视知觉visual space 视觉空间visual space agnosia 视觉空间失认visual speech area 视觉言语区visual stimulus 视觉刺激visual surround 视觉环境visual symbol 视觉符号visual system 视觉系统visual task 视觉作业visual thinking 视觉思维visual threshold 视觉阈限visual time error 视觉时间误差visual tracking 视觉跟踪visual type 视觉类型visual violet 视紫质visual white 视白质visual world 视觉世界visual yellow 视黄质visualization 视觉化visualization of geometry 几何学的视觉化visualized 直观的visually directed reaching 视觉引导伸向视觉引导伸向visually handicapped 视觉缺陷者visual auditory aid 视听辅助工具visual auditory kinesthetic tactile 多感官教学法visual kinesthetic 视动的visual spatial ability 视觉空间能力visual vocal distance 视音距visuoauditory 视听的visuognosis 视觉辨认visuometer 视力计visuopsychic 精神视觉的visuopsychic area 视觉心理区visuosensory 视觉的visuo motor flexibility 视觉运动伸缩性视觉运动伸缩性vital 生机的vital capacity 生活力vital center 生命中枢vital energy 生命力vital force 生命力vital functions 生命机能vital hardiness 生命抵抗力vital impulse 活力vital index 生命指数vital meridian 冲脉vital movement 生机运动vital of lungs capacity 肺活量vital selection 生存竞争vital statistics 生命统计vital theory 生机论vitalism 生机说vitality 活力vitaminology 维生素学vitanition 维生素缺乏性营养障碍vitium 缺陷vitodynamics 生物动态学vitreous humor 玻璃状液viva 口试vivacious type 活泼型vividness 清晰viviparous 胎生的viviperception 活体观察vivisection 活体解剖vivosphere 生存空间vl 能见度水平vmh 腹内侧下丘脑vns 自主神经系统vocabulary 词汇vocabulary quantity 词汇量vocabulary test 词汇测验vocabulary word 字汇词vocal 声音的vocal center 发声中枢vocal cord 声带vocal fremitus 语言震颤vocal register 发音音域vocal tract 声道vocalism 发声vocality 发声能力vocalization 发音vocation 职业vocational adjustment 职业适应vocational aptitude 职业能力倾向vocational aptitude test 职业能力倾向测验vocational blink 职业盲vocational choice 职业选择vocational counseling 职业咨询vocational counselors 职业咨询人员vocational development 职业发展vocational education 职业教育vocational guidance 职业指导vocational interest 职业兴趣vocational interest blank 职业兴趣问卷vocational interest blank 职业兴趣问卷职业兴趣问卷vocational interest inventory 职业兴趣量表vocational maladjustment 职业适应不良职业适应不良vocational maturity 职业成熟性vocational preference inventory 职业偏好量表vocational psychology 职业心理学vocational rehabilitation 职业更新vocational selection 职业选择vocational training 职业训练voder 语音合成器vogt s syndrome 伏格特综合症voice 声音voice controls 语音控制器voice disorder 声音障碍voice key 音键voice onset time 嗓音起始时间嗓音起始时间voice print 声纹voice sound 有音声voiceless sound 无音声voice operated controls 语音控制器voicing 牵动声带void 空虚voigt s boundary lines 伏伊特界线volatility 易变volition 意志volition act 意志行为volitional behavior 意志行为volitional behavior disturbance 意志行为障碍volitional characteristics 意志特征volitional development 意志发展volitional movement 意志行动volitional quality 意志品质volitive 意志的volitive faculty 意志力volley principle 并发原则volley theory 并发论volt 伏特voltage 电压voltammeter 伏特计volume 容量volume color 容量色volume conservation 体积守恒volume control 容量控制volumetric analysis 容量分析volumetric receptor 容积接受体volumetric thirst 容量渴voluntarism 唯意志论voluntarist 唯意志论者voluntaristic philosophy 唯意志哲学voluntaristic psychology 唯意志论心理学voluntary 随意的voluntary 自愿的voluntary action 有意动作voluntary activity 自发性活动voluntary attention 有意注意voluntary behavior 有意行为voluntary chain 自由连锁店voluntary contraction 随意收缩voluntary coordination 自发性协调voluntary hospitalization 自愿住院voluntary imagination 随意想象voluntary motion 随意运动voluntary movement 随意运动voluntary muscle 随意肌voluntary muscular tissue 随意肌组织voluntary nervous system 自主神经系统voluntary parenthood 自愿亲职voluntary response 自主性反应voluntary test 自发测验volunteer 自愿者voluntomotory 随意运动的voluptuous 激起情欲的vomeronasal organ 犁鼻器vomit 呕吐vomiting center 呕吐中枢vomiting phobia 呕吐恐怖症vomiturition 干呕vomitus cruentus 呕血von kries s law of coefficient 冯·克里斯系数法则von kries s persistence law 冯·克里斯持续律von restorff effect 冯·雷斯托夫效应von restorff effect 孤立效应voodoo 巫术voodoo death 巫术死亡vot 嗓音起始时间嗓音起始时间vowel 元音vowel cancellation task 删除元音的工作删除元音的工作voyeur 窥阴癖者voyeurism 窥阴癖vr reinforcement schedule 变动比率式强化方式vrbison illusion 奥尔比逊错觉vte 替代性尝试错误vu 容量vulgar desires 低级欲望vulgarism 粗俗vulnerability 脆弱性vλ光亮度函数。
真空衰减法检漏阈值计算
真空衰减法检漏阈值计算英文回答：Vacuum decay testing is a method used to detect leaks in sealed systems or components. It involves creating a vacuum in the system and monitoring the pressure over a period of time. If there is a leak, the pressure will gradually increase, indicating the presence of a leak.To calculate the leak threshold, we need to consider several factors. First, we need to determine the acceptable pressure increase over a given time period. This is typically specified by the manufacturer or industry standards. For example, let's say the acceptable pressure increase is 1 mbar over 1 hour.Next, we need to take into account the volume of the system being tested. The larger the volume, the more sensitive the test needs to be. For instance, if we are testing a small component with a volume of 10 ml, apressure increase of 1 mbar may be acceptable. However, if we are testing a larger system with a volume of 1 liter, a pressure increase of 1 mbar may indicate a significant leak.Additionally, the sensitivity of the pressure measurement equipment used in the test needs to be considered. The equipment should be capable of accurately measuring the pressure changes within the desired threshold. If the equipment is not sensitive enough, it may not beable to detect small leaks.Furthermore, the test duration should also be takeninto account. A longer test duration allows for more accurate detection of leaks, but it may not be practical in all situations. The test duration should be balanced withthe requirements of the system being tested.Once we have considered these factors, we can calculate the leak threshold by dividing the acceptable pressure increase by the test duration and the volume of the system. In our example, if the acceptable pressure increase is 1 mbar over 1 hour and the volume of the system is 1 liter,the leak threshold would be 0.001 mbar/hour/liter.In conclusion, the calculation of the leak threshold in vacuum decay testing involves considering the acceptable pressure increase, the volume of the system, thesensitivity of the equipment, and the test duration. By taking these factors into account, we can determine the appropriate leak threshold for detecting leaks in sealed systems or components.中文回答：真空衰减法检漏是一种用于检测密封系统或部件泄漏的方法。
NDT定义及术语
NDT 是无损检测的英文（Non-destructive testing）缩写。
NDT 是指对材料或工件实施一种不损害或不影响其未来使用性能或用途的检测手段。
通过使用NDT，能发现材料或工件内部和表面所存在的缺欠，能测量工件的几何特征和尺寸，能测定材料或工件的内部组成、结构、物理性能和状态等。
NDT 能应用于产品设计、材料选择、加工制造、成品检验、在役检查（维修保养）等多方面，在质量控制与降低成本之间能起最优化作用。
NDT 还有助于保证产品的安全运行和（或）有效使用。
NDT 包含了许多种已可有效应用的方法，最常用的NDT 方法是：射线照相检测、超声检测、涡流检测、磁粉检测、渗透检测、目视检测、泄漏检测、声发射检测、射线透视检测等。
由于各种NDT 方法，都各有其适用范围和局限性，因此新的NDT 方法一直在不断地被开发和应用。
通常，只要符合NDT 的基本定义，任何一种物理的、化学的或其他可能的技术手段，都可能被开发成一种NDT 方法。
在我国，无损检测一词最早被称之为探伤或无损探伤，其不同的方法也同样被称之为探伤，如射线探伤、超声波探伤、磁粉探伤、渗透探伤等等。
这一称法或写法广为流传，并一直沿用至今，其使用率并不亚于无损检测一词。
在国外，无损检测一词相对应的英文词，除了该词的前半部分——即non-destructive 的写法大多相同外，其后半部分的写法就各异了。
如日本习惯写作inspection，欧洲不少国家过去曾写作flaw detection、现在则统一使用testing，美国除了也使用testing 外，似乎更喜欢写作examination 和evaluation。
这些词与前半部分结合后，形成的缩略语则分别是NDI、NDT 和NDE，翻译成中文就出现了无损探伤、无损检查（非破坏检查）、无损检验、无损检测、无损评价等不同术语形式和写法。
实际上，这些不同的英文及其相应的中文术语，它们具有的意义相同，都是同义词。
真空泵油的主要性能
真空泵油的主要性能
在真空泵中真空泵油不仅作为取得真空的介质，而且还对机械摩擦点起润滑，冷却和密封作用。
一、极低的蒸汽压这是真空泵油的最重要性能，由于真空泵要求真空度达到X 10 — 4Pa (10 — 6mmHg),高的要求达到X10 — 4Pa (10 — 6mmHg)以下，因此要求真空泵油的蒸发性极低.一般要用石蜡基窄馏分润滑油，对于扩散真空泵，还可利用蒸气压很低的硅油或其他合成油。
二、适合的粘度良好的粘温特性真空系统利用泵腔内容积不断转变而形成排气作用，要求润滑油应具有适合的粘度和良好的粘温特性。
3、良好的热氧化安宁性真空泵不断向高速度进展，由于滑片和泵体的高速摩擦使油温升高，因此使油的热和氧化作用加重。
而扩散泵往往处于很高的环境温度下工作，使系统内蒸气压升高，真空度降低，因此要求真空泵油有良好的热氧化安宁性。
4、良好的抗侵蚀性与抗乳化性。
真空泵吸入的若是是侵蚀性气体，会侵蚀泵内金属零件与油发生化学转变。
另外，吸入空气中往往含有水汽，引发真空泵油的乳化，故要求有良好的抗侵蚀性与抗乳化性。
在真空脱水工艺利用的真空泵油的乳化更为突出。
五、较高的闪点要求真空泵中不携带轻质组分，以避免影响油品的饱和蒸气压。
六、较低的极限压力极限压力是真空泵油重要的利用性能指标以了解在最低
真空极限压力下真空泵的极限压力。
真空泵行业标准
发布时间:2009-9-9
真空泵行业标准。
沃尔玛产品检验标准
.WALMART Stores, Inc.1. Introduction（略）2. Regulatory pliance 符合规定Walmart Suppliers must ply with all laws, including Federal, State and Local laws, as required under the Supplier Agreement.供应商必须按供应商协议要求遵守联邦、州和地方法律。
3. Footwear Testing Program 鞋测试程序This is an annual testing program that involves testing of the following samples:年度测试程序包括测试以下样品：Footwear Pre-Production/ponents Testing 鞋产前/部件测试Production Testing of plete Shoe 整鞋的生产测试In-Store Testing 场内测试Warehouse Testing 仓库测试Other testing at the request of the Walmart New York Office Technical Department or pliance Department 沃尔玛纽约办公室技术部或合规部要求的其他测试3.1 流程图Footwear Pre-Production/ponent Testing Process鞋产前/部件测试流程Manual Name: Walmart USA Footwear Revised: April 2010 43000双以上的订单需要测试女鞋高跟按4.1.7需要进行疲劳和撞击测试的，不论订单量多少，均应测试所有的新款，现有款式每年1X生产测试供应商改善并提交重测第二次测试生产测试生产测试纽约申诉办公室处理3000双及以内的订单不需要测试专注. 专业.专注 . 专业 .Footwear Production Testing Process 生产测试流程NOTE¹ Refer to Section 3..3.1 Production Testing Incentive Program incorporated into Production process.NOTE² Children's items are tested for restricted substances at each production accumulation level.NOTE³样品测试通过FIT 审批程序 第一次生产测试 订单5万双以内第二次生产测试 订单5万-10万双 在100万双以内，每10万双测试一次超过100万双，每25万双测试一次合格或基本合格——装运关键沃尔玛或重大缺陷 关键规定供应商改善并提交重测供应商按沃尔玛合规要求将改善计划送检测实验室批准合格或基本合格——关键沃尔玛POCO （注释3）——装运第二次测试合格或基本合格——关键沃尔玛POCO （注释3）——装运不合格，则提交纽约申诉办公室处理改善计划未被批准——取消订单改善计划批准，供应商改善并提交重测合格——关键规定POCO 程序（注释3）——装运不合格，则提交沃尔玛合规部处理注释1：根据3.3.1生产测试鼓励措施2：童鞋必须在每个生产步骤进行限制物质的测试3：直接进口或第一手成本订单需要在装运前进行POCO 测试，本土订单在配送到各门店之前进行POCO 测试（参加3.3.2）专注 . 专业 .Direct Import and First Cost orders require testing (POCO) prior to shipment to the states. Domestic landed orders require Warehouse Testing (POCO) prior to allocation of order to the stores (refer to Section 3.3.2 of this manual).Manual: Walmart USA Footwear Revised: April 2010 5In-Store Quality Audit Process 场内测试流程Note¹All items pulled from the store at least 1 x per year. Replenishable items pulled from the store 1 or 2 times per year based on Supplier performance (refer to section 3.3.1 of this manual)Manual Name: WM USA Footwear Revised: April 2010 6检测实验室根据沃尔玛订单，指定从商店取什么款式进行测试 检测实验室通过零售链查找各个场内检测商品是否可以取得检测实验室从商店抽取指定的检测样品（代表性尺码和全色系）检测合格或基本合格，场内检测完成，报告送达供应商关键规定不合格，自动扩大抽样重测关键沃尔玛不合格或重大缺陷，私人品牌由纽约上诉办公室决定重测，授权或国家品牌由采购/DMM 决定重测不要求扩大抽样重测要求扩大抽样重测自动关键规定不合格，报告提交沃尔玛合规部——产品召回，沃尔玛合规部向CPSC 报告召回关键沃尔玛不合格或重大缺陷，私人品牌的报告送达纽约上诉办公室，授权或国家品牌的报告送达采购/DMM ，由其在需要是通知产品撤柜注释：所有的商品每年至少从商品抽样一次。
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真空试验工艺规程
1.0一般要求
1.1 本规程适用于真空箱技术对接焊缝进行泄漏检测。
1.2所有真空试验应按此规范要求执行。
此规范应该由焊接工程部门同意并签字。
工艺复印件应迅速发给NDE人员和指定检查员作为他们的标准并使用。
所有NDE 应该由有资质和经验的具有II级水平的工作人员来完成。
1.3 编制依据
GBJ128－90
1.4人员资格
实施真空试验的人员必须按照中国国家《锅炉压力容器无损检测人员资格鉴定考核规定》的规定，取得NDE II级人员资格。
2.0 设备
真空泵，变压器和合适的压力表
真空箱长度为600－800mm，宽度为150－200mm
3.0 起泡溶液
肥皂水
4.0 表面要求
检测区域必须去掉所有油污、飞溅、焊渣等杂物
5.0试验要求
5.1 试验温度不得低于0 C ，否则必须在起泡溶液中加防冻剂。
5.2 每次涂起泡液不得超过1米
5.3 每次检测至少有5－10mm重叠
5.4 试验负压值不得低于53Kpa
6.0 验收标准
在检测区域无渗漏为合格
VACUUM TESTING PROCEDURE
1.0Scope
1.1 Leak testing of butt, lap and fillet welds with vacuum box technique.
1.2 All Vacuum testing performed as required by this procedure shall be done to a written and by Welding Engineering accepted procedure. Copies of these accepted procedures shall be readily available to the NDE Personnel and the authorized Inspector for their reference and use. All vacuum testing shall be performed by qualified, (experienced) level II operator.
1.3 References
GBJ128-90
1.4Personnel Qualification
personnel performing VT shall be qualified and certified in accordance with the labor bureau PRC.s 《Rule for Training ,Examination Qualification and Certification of Boilers and Press Vessels NDE Personnel》and have level II certification.
2.0Equipment
Vacuum pump, separating transformer and suitable gauge
Vacuum boxes length : 600mm-800mm, width : 150mm-200mm
3.0 Bubble Solution
Crystal soap
4.0 Surface Preparation
Surface is to be clean and free of welding flux, slag, rust or any other matter, which might close leaks
5.0 Requirement of testing
5.1 Testing may not be performed at temperature below 0 C, unless anti-freeze solution is added to the bubble solution
5.2 Application of bubble solution to max 1 meter of weld at one time
5.3 Each testing overlap shall be min 50-100mm
5.4 The test minus pressure must not be less than 53KPa
6.0 Acceptance criteria
No continuous bubble growth indicating a leak in the testing area is acceptable.
7.0 Reporting
The report should be attached to a sketch/plan indicating the welds tested, the sketch/plan should also indicate any repair areas.。