城市居住小区景观空间尺度研究及实例分析解读

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銆愬叧閿瘝銆戝眳浣忓皬鍖?鏅;绌洪棿灏哄害

The research of Landscape scale in city residential district

Yu Tao,Zhou Lu-wei

(Shandong Architecture University Jinan Shandong 250101)

銆怉bstract銆慣his article is for landscape environmental requirements in residential area and analysis of landscape space Study of respectively by function scale and visual perception scale.And by an example in investigation and analysis functions of landscape factors, visual basic criteria for aesthetic scale, was expressed for that space in the control. the landscape on the scale of visual elements to quantify control research.

銆怟ey words銆慠esidential area,Landscape,Spatial scale

1. 姒傝堪

1.1 绌洪棿灏哄害鐨勬蹇点€?

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殑鐗╄川銆傜┖闂村拰鏃堕棿鏄浉浜掕仈绯荤殑銆?rdquo; [1]鍙“绌洪棿”鐨勬蹇典笉浠呮槸鎸囩墿璐ㄧ殑鍥村悎鎴栧崰棰?鍚屾椂瀹冧篃鏄竴涓摬瀛︽蹇点€?ldquo;绌洪棿”鏄湅涓嶈鎽镐笉鍒扮殑,澶у鏁板瀹冪殑鎻忚堪鏄牴鎹汉寰椾竴绉嶆劅鍙楀拰浣撻獙,閫愭笎褰㈡垚涓€绉?ldquo;绌洪棿缁忛獙”銆傝繖绉嶆劅鍙楀拰浣撻獙涓昏鐢变笁绉?涓€鏄寚“绌洪棿”鐨勪綅缃€佸湴鏂广€佸鎵€;浜屾槸灏嗙┖闂寸殑“绌?rdquo;鐨勫睘鎬у綋浣滀竴绉嶇姸鎬?涓夋槸瀵?ldquo;绌洪棿”鐨勫舰鐘跺拰澶у皬,涔熷氨鏄畠鐨勯暱銆佸銆侀珮鐨勬劅鍙楀拰浣撻獙銆傚湪鏌愮鎰忎箟涓婄涓夌“绌洪棿缁忛獙”鎵€鎻忚堪鐨勫氨鏄┖闂寸殑

灏哄害銆?

1.2 绌洪棿灏哄害鐨勭壒鎬с€?

灏哄害閫氳繃灏哄銆佹瘮渚嬪苟鍊熷姪浜庝汉鐨勮銆佸惉銆佽绛夊悇鏂归潰鐨勭敓鐞嗘劅瑙?琛ㄨ揪浜轰笌鐗┿€?鐗╀笌鐗╃浉浜掍箣闂寸殑鐩稿

閲忔瘮鍏崇郴銆俒2]鍙瑕佹帰鐭ョ┖闂村昂搴﹀氨鏄鐮旂┒绌洪棿鐨勫昂瀵搞€佹瘮渚嬩互鍙婁汉瀵圭┖闂寸殑鐢熺悊鎰熻杩欎笁涓柟闈€傜┖闂寸殑褰㈡垚鏈変袱绉嶆儏鍐?涓€鏄疄浣撳洿鍚?褰㈡垚绌洪棿;浜屾槸瀹炰綋鍗犻,褰㈡垚绌洪棿銆傚彲浠ヨ绌洪棿鏄敱瀹炰綋鐨?ldquo;闆嗕腑”鎴栬€?ldquo;鍥村悎”浜х敓鐨勩€傚鏋滆娴嬮噺绌洪棿鐨勫昂瀵稿ぇ灏?瀹為檯涓婃祴閲忕殑鏄舰鎴愮┖闂寸殑“闆嗕腑”鎴栬€?ldquo;鍥村悎”鐨勫疄浣?鑰屼笉鏄娊璞℃剰涔夌殑“绌洪棿”銆傜┖闂存瘮渚嬬殑鎻忚堪鍒欐槸褰㈡垚绌洪棿鐨勫疄浣撲箣闂寸殑姣斿€兼垨鑰呮槸鏁翠綋绌洪棿鐨勫唴閮ㄥ垝鍒嗘墍浜х敓鐨勫悇涓皬绌洪棿鐨勬瘮鍊笺€備汉瀵圭┖闂寸殑鎰熻涔熶細鍥犲舰鎴愮┖闂寸殑瀹炰綋鐨勬潗璐ㄣ€侀鑹层€佸舰鐘朵笉鍚岃€屾湁鎵€宸紓銆傛鏄繖绉嶅疄浣撶殑澶у皬銆佹潗璐ㄣ€侀鑹层€佸舰鐘躲€佹瘮渚嬪舰鎴愪簡绌洪棿鐨勭壒鎬с€傛晠鑰屽彲浠ヨ,绌洪棿灏哄害鍏蜂綋鏁版嵁鐨勭爺绌?鏄绌洪棿鐨勭壒鎬х殑鐮旂┒銆?

1.3 绌洪棿灏哄害鐨勫喅瀹氬洜绱犮€?

涓€涓┖闂寸殑灏哄害澶у皬涓昏鍙栧喅浜庝袱涓柟闈㈠氨鏄┖闂村姛鑳藉拰褰㈠紡,涔熷氨鏄┖闂寸殑鍔熻兘灏哄害鍜屽舰寮忕編灏哄害銆傛弧瓒崇┖闂寸殑浣跨敤鍔熻兘鏄绌洪棿灏哄害鐨勫熀鏈姹傘€傛瘮濡傛櫙瑙傜幆澧冧腑閬撹矾鐨勫昂搴﹀氨蹇呴』瑕佹弧瓒宠浜烘垨琛岃溅鐨勫昂搴﹁姹傘€傚舰寮忕編灏哄害涓昏鏄娇绌洪棿婊¤冻浜轰滑瀵圭┖闂寸殑缇庢劅闇€姹傘€備汉鐨勮瑙夋槸浜虹被鍦ㄨ璇嗕笘鐣屻€佽幏寰椾俊鎭殑鍚勭鎰熺煡鏂瑰紡涓?鏈€閲嶈鐨勪竴绉嶆柟寮?涔熸槸浜虹被鎺ュ彈淇℃伅閲忔渶澶х殑涓€绉嶇煡瑙夊伐鍏枫€傛墍浠ヨ瑙夊昂搴﹀湪绌洪棿鐨勫舰寮忕編灏哄害涓浜庡崄鍒嗛噸瑕佺殑浣嶇疆,“浜?rdquo;鐨勭敓鐞嗗績鐞嗛渶姹傚洜绱犳槸鐮旂┒绌洪棿灏哄害蹇呴』瑕佽€冭檻鐨勫洜绱犮€傛瘡涓璁″笀閮借缁煎悎鍒嗘瀽鐨勩€傚綋鐒跺绌洪棿灏哄害浜х敓褰卞搷鐨勫洜绱犺繕鍖呮嫭涓嶅悓鐨勬皯鏃忋€佸畻鏁欑瓑鏂囧寲鍥犵礌浠ュ強绀句細绾у埆鍥犵礌绛?闇€瑕佽璁″笀鐨勭患鍚堝垎鏋愩€?

2. 灞变笢闈掑矝闃冲厜灞辫壊灏忓尯鏅鐜板満璋冩煡涓庡昂搴﹀垎鏋?

闃冲厜灞辫壊灞呬綇灏忓尯,浣嶄簬闈掑矝甯傚悎鑲ヨ矾,娴北鏂板尯浜屽皬鍖轰互鍖?鏄煄甯傚眳浣忓尯鐨勬牳蹇冧綅缃€?005骞?鏈堢宸?灏忓尯鎬诲缓绛戦潰绉?3.8涓囧钩鏂圭背,瀹圭Н鐜?.20,缁垮寲鐜?36.20%銆傛暣涓ぞ鍖哄厖鍒嗕綋鐜颁簡寤虹瓚涓庣幆澧冪殑铻嶅悎,鏍规嵁鍦板舰鐗圭偣,閲囩敤閫犲瀷瀹岀編銆佽壊褰╁崗璋冪殑寤虹瓚椋庢牸,涓庡灞傛鐨勭豢鍖栬瀺浜庝竴浣?鍏呭垎浣撶幇浜嗛潚宀涘北鍦颁綇瀹呯殑鐗圭偣,鏄竴澶勪綆寤虹瓚瀵嗗害銆佸灞傛绔嬩綋缁垮寲鐨勭悊鎯宠姳鍥紡灞呬綇绀惧尯銆?

2.1 灏忓尯鍐呮櫙瑙傜豢鍦扮幇鍦鸿皟鏌ャ€?

璇ュ皬鍖烘暣浣撳湴褰㈢嫮闀夸互鑷翠富鍏ュ彛灏嗘垚涓哄敮涓€涓昏浜鸿鍏ュ彛,鍦ㄨ鍒掑竷灞€鐨勬椂鍊欏氨鑰冭檻杩欎竴鍥犵礌,鎵€浠ュ湪涓績骞垮満鐨勮缃笂浠ュ紑鏁炲ぇ姘斾负涓昏鐞嗗康,浠ユ弧瓒充富瑕佷汉娴佽繘鍑?鍚屾椂杩欑鐞嗗康涔熺鍚堥潚宀涗笟涓荤殑蹇冮噷(濡傚浘1)

銆?

鍥? 鎬诲钩闈㈠浘

鍏ュ彛鐭╁舰骞垮満鐨勫舰寮忓憟涓績瀵圭О寮?鍦ㄦ鐗╃殑甯冨眬涓婁负浜嗛厤鍚堝箍鍦虹殑澶栧舰,閲囩敤瑙勫垯寮?濡傚浘2)銆備絾鏄负浜嗗彲浠ユ洿濂界殑杩囨浮鍒板悗闈㈣嚜鐒跺紡鐨勭妞嶇幆澧?鍦ㄨ嫍鏈ㄩ€夋嫨涓婂仛涓€浜涘彉鍖?鍦ㄨ鐭╀腑鏈夎嚜鐒剁殑鍛抽亾銆傚箍鍦轰腑绉嶆灏戦噺鐨勪箶鏈ㄤ互婊¤冻浜虹殑浼戞啯閬槾,涓や晶杈圭紭鐨勬ā绾硅姳鍧涢噰鐢ㄦ拻閲戞煆浣滀负妯＄汗鐨?ldquo;楠?rdquo;鏈夋墍鍒涙剰,浣嗙妞嶅瘑搴︾暐楂樻樉寰楁湁浜涙嫢鎸?濡傚浘3)銆傛€讳綋鏉ヨ,鏁翠釜骞垮満缁垮湴鐨勬鐗╅厤缃噰鐢?ldquo;鑽夊潽——鍧?mdash;—鏍戜笡”鐨勮璁℃柟寮?鍏呭垎鍙戞尌浜嗙豢鍖栧甫鐨勭敓鎬佸姛鑳藉拰鍩庡競缇庡寲鍔熻兘銆備絾杩囧皯鐨勪箶鏈ㄧ妞嶆棤娉曚骇鐢熺珫鍚?ldquo;鏅闈?rdquo;,鍓婂急浜嗘鐗╁骞垮満鐨勭珫鍚戝洿鍚堟劅銆?

鍥? 鍏ュ彛骞垮満鍥? 妯＄汗鑺卞潧

灏忓尯鍐呯殑瀹呭墠缁垮湴涓昏璁剧疆浜庡悜闃充晶,妞嶇墿閰嶇疆浠?ldquo;涓夊鏈夎姳,鍥涘甯哥豢”涔斻€佺亴銆佽崏鐩哥粨鍚?褰㈡垚浜嗗綊灞炲悇浣忓畢寤虹瓚鐨勫叕鍏辩┖闂存櫙瑙?濡傚浘4)銆傞儴鍒嗗畢鍓嶇豢鍦颁互浣庣煯鐨勭亴鏈ㄨ繘琛屽洿鍚?涓轰竴灞傜敤鎴疯惀閫犲嚭搴櫌缁垮湴,浠ラ檷浣庡畢鍓嶇豢鍦颁綔涓哄叕鍏辩┖闂翠緵鍏朵粬浣忔埛鍋滅暀銆佸瑝

鎴忔椂甯︽潵鐨勫奖鍝?濡傚浘5)

鍥? 瀹呭墠缁垮湴鍥? 涓€灞傚皬搴櫌

鏈皬鍖虹殑閬撹矾缁垮寲浠ヤ箶銆佺亴銆佽崏鐩哥粨鍚堢殑瑕嗗眰缁撴瀯杩涜骞宠鏍芥,妞嶇墿鑹插僵鐨勯厤缃互缁胯壊涓轰富,涓诲共閬撳集閬