英语语法树形图及重点巧计
英语语法结构体系图
1 不 可 数 名 词 单独出现表示泛指。
︺ (U
不可以直接跟数词、不定冠词连用，但可以在不可数名词前加表示数量的名词词组等
uncountable) 来表示其具体数量： a piece of news, a sheet of paper
表 2 冠词
不 定
泛指某一具体的人/事物
He is an old doctor. She is now a different China from what she was.
every 表示“三者/三者以上当中的每 只作定语 You have every right to say so.(你完全有权
一个”侧重强调全体的情况
利这么说)
no one=nobody 只指人，谓语动词用 单数,不能与介词 of 连用。
No one likes a person with bad manners.
的部分
+that/who/whom +原剧中其他部 分
强调状语
强调时间 强调地点 强调方式 强调原因
It is at eleven that the train leaves. It was in the classroom that I left him. It was just as he ordered that I acted. It was because he was poor that I helped him
别的人/婴儿
The Greens have a new baby. It is lovely.
指自然现象（天气、气象、
天色等）/量度（时间、距 离、温度、价值等）
It is getting dark. How far is it to the Great Wall?
英语语法树(规则整理_仅含语法树形图)
1.中学英语语法知识体系
7.中学英语16种时态
8.名词I
9.名词II
10.冠词
11.数词
12.代词的分类
13.人称代词
14.物主代词
15.反身代词
16.指示代词
17.疑问代词
18.关系代词
19.不定代词
20.形容词
21.副词
22.形容词和副词的比较等级
23.有关比较级的区别
24.动词
25.常见助动词用法
26.助动词
27.非谓语动词
28.动词ing形式
29.不定式的时态和语态
30.省to 的动词不定式
31.不定式作宾语
32.不定式作补语
33.不定式作主语
34.不定式句法功能
35.doing与to do的区别1
36.doing与to do的区别2
37.分词
38.独立主格结构
39.一般现在时
40.一般将来时
41.现在完成时
42.一般过去时
43.现在进行时
44.时态与时间状语
45.被动语态
46.各种形式的被动语态
47.句子的种类
48.反意疑问句
49.反意疑问句记忆规则1
50.反意疑问句记忆规则2。
英语句子结构树状图
英语句子结构树状图英语的基本成分有六种：主语（subject）、谓语（predicate）、表语（predicative）、宾语（object）、定语（attribute）和状语（adverbial）.英语句子成分中，有些具有形态标志.如第一人称代词作主语就用主格“I”，作宾语用宾格“me”，作定语用所有格“my”.这些形态变化对分析辨认成分汉语与英语就句子成分表面上看来差不多，实际上有不少差别.例如：（1） Xiao Li went to bed as soon as he came home.小李回家后，立刻就睡觉了.（2） I'll go when I have had my dinner.我吃了饭就去.在英语中，同一个主语在第二次出现时不能省略，必须把每个谓语所陈述的对象都表示出来.而在汉语中，同一个主语在句中第二次出现时，就可以省略.如例（1）中，汉语说“小李回家后立刻就睡觉了”，省去了第二个分句的主语，倒可以避免造成误解.若将第二次出现的主语补出来，说成“小李回家后，他立刻就睡觉了”.听的人反而可能把那个“他”误会成另一个人.英语五种基本句型列式如下：基本句型一：S+V （主+谓）基本句型二：S+V+P （主+谓+表）基本句型三：S+V+O （主+谓+宾）基本句型四：S+V+o+O （主+谓+间宾+直宾）基本句型五：S+V+O+C （主+谓+宾+宾补） 4 追问：那主系表结构呢回答：是主系表结构中的副词啊.\x0d一.何谓主系表结构：所谓主系表结构就是英语句子中的主要成分是主语、系动词和表语.\x0dLi Lei is a Chineseboy.( Li Lei 是名词，作主语.)\x0dHe is from England.( He 是代词，作主语.)\x0dFeeding the birds is my hobby.(“ Feeding the birds ”是动名词短语，作主语.)\x0dWhat she said is right.(“ What she said ”是从句，作主语.)\x0d2.系动词（ Link verb ）：系动词本身有一定的词义，但不能独立作谓语，必须和句子中的表语一起构成谓语.简单地说，将主语和表语联系在一起，并构成一个完整句子的动词就叫做系动词.目前学到的系动词有 be ,feel ,look ,sound ,taste ,smell 等.例如：\x0dThis flower is beautiful.\x0dI felt very tired.\x0dYou look worried.\x0dIt tastes delicious.\x0d3.表语（ Predicative ）：表语是用来说明主语的身份、特征或状态的.它又叫作主语补足语.表语位于系动词之后，主要由名词、代词、形容词、数词、副词、介词短语、分词（短语）或动名词（短语）等来充当.例如：\x0dI am fine .( fine 是形容词，作表语)\x0dHe is a boy .( boy 是名词，作表语)\x0dFive plus two isseven .( seven 是数词，作表语)\x0d是主系表结构中的副词啊.。
掌握这50张英语思维导图
掌握这50张英语思维导图，英语语法轻松get！（太全了）英语语法的丛林，横斜逸出，纵横交错，光用文字来描述，是太无力低效的，如何理清这一段段关系，勾画出其中的复杂关系，直观地看清这一切，用思维导图是最好的方法。
以下思维导图多为树状，也被称之为“英语语法知识树”，今天分享给大家，文末有领取pdf版的方法，也可以直接点开图片保存。
1.中学英语语法知识体系2.英语能力树3.英语学习习惯4.单词记忆通用工具5.英语整体建构课堂教学模式6.“和谐教育整体建构教学法”7.中学英语16种时态8.名词I9.名词II10.冠词11.数词12.代词的分类13.人称代词14.物主代词15.反身代词16.指示代词17.疑问代词18.关系代词19.不定代词20.形容词21.副词22.形容词和副词的比较等级23.有关比较级的区别24.动词25.常见助动词用法26.助动词27.非谓语动词28.动词ing形式29.不定式的时态和语态30.省to 的动词不定式31.不定式作宾语32.不定式作补语33.不定式作主语34.不定式句法功能35.doing与to do的区别1 36.doing与to do的区别237.分词38.独立主格结构39.一般现在时40.一般将来时41.现在完成时42.一般过去时43.现在进行时44.时态与时间状语45.被动语态46.各种形式的被动语态47.句子的种类48.反意疑问句49.反意疑问句记忆规则50.反意疑问句记忆规则2。
英语语言学树型图详细讲解
树形图详细讲解1.Indicat.th.categor.o.eac.wor.i.th.followin.sentences.a) The old lady suddenly left.Det A N Qual Vb) The car stopped at the end of the road.Det N V P Det N P Det Nc) The snow might have blocked the road.Det N Aux Aux V Det Nd) He never appears quite mature.N Qual V Deg A2.Th.followin.phrase.includ..head..plement.an..specifier.Dra.th.appropriat.tre. structur.fo.each.a) full of peopleAPA P Nfull of peopleb) a story about a sentimental girlNPNP PPDet N P NPDet A Na story about a sentimental girlc) often read detective storiesVPQual V NPA Noften read detective storiesd) the argument against the proposalsNPNP PPDet N P NPDet Nthe argument against the proposalse) move towards the windowVPV PPP Det Nmove towards the window3.Dra.phras.structur.tree.fo.eac.o.th.followin.sentences.a) The jet landed.InflP(=S)NP Infl VPDet N Pst VThe jet landedb) Mary became very ill.InflP(=S)NP Infl VPN Pst V APDeg AMary became very illc) What will you talk about?CPNP C SN Infl NP Infl VPVP NPV P NWhat will you e talk about eSNP VPDet N Aux V NPDet NThe apple might hit the manORInflP(=S)NP Infl VPDet N V NPDet NThe apple might hit the mane) He often reads detective stories.SNP VPN Qual V NPA NHe often reads etective storiesORInflP(=S)NP Infl VPPresN Qual V NPA NHe often reads etective stories4.Th.followin.sentence.contai.modifier.o.variou.types.Fo.eac.sentence.firs.iden tif.th.modifier(s).the.dra.th.tre.structures.a) A frightened passenger landed the crippled airplane.InflP(=S)NP Infl VPDet A N Pst V NPDet A NA frightened passenger landed the crippled airplaneb) A huge moon hung in the black sky.InflP(=S)NP Infl VPDet A N Pst V PPP NPDet A NA huge moon hung in the black skyc) An unusual event occurred before the meeting.InflP(=S)NP Infl VPDet A N Pst V PPP NPDet NAn unusual event occurred before the meetingd) A quaint old house appeared on the grassy hill.InflP(=S)NP Infl VPDet A NP Pst V PPA N P NPDet A NA quaint old house appeared on the grassy hill5.Th.followin.sentence.al.contai.conjoine.categories.Dra..tre.structur. fo.eac.o.th.sentences.a) Jim has washed the dirty shirts and pants.InflP(=S)NP VPN Aux V NPDet A NPN CON NJim has washed the dirty shirts and pantsORInflP(=S)NP VPN Infl V NPDet A NPN CON NJim has washed the dirty shirts and pantsb) Helen put on her clothes and went out.SNP VPN VP CON VPVP NP V AdvV P Det NHelen put on her clothes and went outORInflP(=S)NP Infl VPN Pst VP CON VPVP NP V AdvV P Det NHelen put on her clothes and went outc) Mary is fond of literature but tired of statistics.SNP VPN VP CON VPVP NP VP NPV A P N V A P NMary is fond of literature but (is) tired of statistics ORInflP(=S)NP Infl VPN Pres VP CON VPVP NP VP NPV A P N V A P NMary is fond of literature but (is) tired of statisticsd) The detective went out and the mysterious man came in.SS CON SNP VP NP VPDet N V Adv Det A N V AdvThe detective went out and the mysterious man came ine) Crusoe knows that spring will e and the snow will melt.SNP VPCPN V C SS CON SNP VP NP VPN Aux V Det N Aux V Crusoe knows that spring will e and the snow will melt6.Th.followin.sentence.al.contai.embedde.clause.tha.functio.a.plement.o..verb.a .adjective..prepositio.o..noun.Dra..tre.structur.fo.eac.sentence.a) You know that I hate war.SNP VPCPN V C SNP VPN V NPNYou know that I hate warOR CPC InflP(=S)NP Infl VPCPN Pres V C SNP VPN V NP NYou know that I hate warb) He said that Tom asked whether the class was over.SNP VPCPN V C SNP VPCPN V C SNP VPDet N VL AHe said that Tom asked whether the class was overc) Gerry can’t believe the fact that Anna flunked the English exam.SNP VPN VP NPCPAux Neg V NP C SDet N NP VPN V NPDet A NGerry can not believe the fact thatAnna flunked the English examd) Chris was happy that his father bought him a Rolls-Royce.SNP VPCPN VL A C SNP VPDet N V NP NPN Det NChris was happy that his father bought him a Rolls-Roycee) The children argued over whether bats had wings.SNP VPCPDet N VP C SV P NP VPN V NPNThe children argued over whether bats had wings7.Eac.o.th.followin.sentence.contain..relativ.clause.Dra.th.dee.structur.an.th.surfac.structur.tree.fo.eac.o.th.sentences.a) The essay that he wrote was too long.Deep structureCPC SNP VPDet N CP V AP C S Deg P NP Infl VPN V NPNThe essay he wrote that was too longSurface StructureCPC SNP VPDet N CP V AP C S Deg PNP NP Infl VPN N Pst V NPNThe essay that he wrote e was too longb) The dog that he keeps bites.Deep structureCPC SNP VPDet N CP V C Infl SPres NP VPN V NPNThe dog he keeps that bitesSurface StructureCPC SNP VPDet N CP V C SNP NP Infl VPN N Pres V NPNThe dog that he keeps e bitesc) Herbert found the man she loved.Deep structureCPC SNP VPN Infl V NPCPDet N C SNP Infl VPNPN VNHerbert found the man she loved whoSurface StructureCPC SNP VPN Infl V NPCPDet N SCNP Infl VPNP NPN VN NHerbert found the man (whom) she loved ed) The girl whom he often quarrels with majors in linguistics.Deep structureCPC SNP VPDet N CP V PPP NPC Infl SNNP VPPPN Qual VP NPV P NThe girl he often quarrels with whom majors in linguisticsSurface StructureCPC SNP VPDet N CP V PPP NPC SNNP NP Infl VPPPN N Qual VP NPV P NThe girl whom he often quarrels with e majors in linguistics8.Th.derivation.o.th.followin.sentence.involv.th.inversio.transformation.Giv.th .dee.structur.an.th.surfac.structur.tree.fo.eac.o.thes.sentences.a) Would you e tomorrow?Deep structureCPC SVPNP AdvPN Infl V Advyou would e tomorrowSurface structureCPC SVPNP AdvPInflN Infl V Advwould you e e tomorrowb) Can you pass me the newspaper?Deep structureCPC SVPNP NP NPN Infl V N Det Nyou can pass me the newspaperSurface structureCPC SVPInfl NP NP NPN Infl V N Det N Can you e pass me the newspaperc) Should the students report the incident?Deep structureCPC SVPNP NPDet N Infl V Det Nthe students should report the incidentSurface structureCPC SVPInfl NP NPDet N Infl V Det Nd) What did you eat for lunch?Deep structureCPC SVPNP PPNP NPN Infl V PN Nyou did eat what for lunchSurface structureCPNP C SVPInfl NP PPNP NPN N Infl V PN Ne) Who should this be reported to ?Deep structureCPC SVPNP PPVP NPN Infl V V PNthis should be reported to whomSurface structureCPNP C SVPN Infl NP PPVP NPN Infl V V PNwhom should this e be reported to ef) What was Helen bringing to the party?Deep structureCPC SVPNP PPNP NPN Infl V PN Det NHelen was bringing what to the partySurface structureCPNP C SVPN Infl NP PPNP NPN Infl V PN Det Nwhat was Helen e bringing e to the。
英语语法结构体系图
Is this you car?
No, it isn’t.
指代动植物、不明身份/性别的人/婴儿
Look at that bird.It always comes to my window.
The Greens have a new baby.It is lovely.
名词
︹表1︺
可数名词
(C countable)
单数
表示“一个”含义时需要在前面加上表示数量关系/所有关系/指示关系的限定词（冠词/数词/名词所有格/物主代词/指示代词/不定代词等。
表示泛指某一类事物加上不定冠词：a book, an orange
复数
表示泛指时不必加任何限定词
We must tell friends from enemies.
the other后面不接其他名词时表示两者中的另外一个
Hold it in this hand, not the other.
others是other的复数形式，但不作定语，只作主语、宾语、表语等成分。
前面不加定冠词，泛指“其他人/物”（但不指其余的全部）
Many students are playing on the playground. Some are playing football; others are playing basketball.
The population ofChinais larger than that of any other country.
those替代复数可数名词
His stories are more interesting than thoseItold.
区别指示代词that与数词one/ones
高中英语英语思维与语法知识树(图片版)
1 ) 用 be going to 特别是意指根据目前的明显迹象来推断某件事将要发生 will 则只是表明说话人认为或相信某件事将要发生
•
2)be going to 通常用来表示说话人预期所说的事件马上或在相当近的将来就要发 生
will 所表示的动作发生的时间可近可远
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2.表示计划打算或意愿时
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词形变化
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时间状语
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其它用法
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若是用于表示“改变”的动词， 则强调“逐渐变化”的过程。常 见的表示“改变”的动词有：change, come, get, become, grow 等。
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在口语中还经常用来表示将来的动作，此时现在进行时是表示在 说话之前就确定的、计划好的将来的安排。常见的动词有：come,
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约数的表示法
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顺口溜帮你巧记序数词
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代词：是用来限定或代替名词的词，如we （我们），his（他的），all（全部）
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人称代词
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人称代词语序
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物主代词
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形容词性物主代词
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名词性物主代词
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指示代词
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不定代词
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限定词的用法
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a、前位限定词
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b、中位限定词
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c、后位限定词
•
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形容词：用来修饰名词，如 great（伟大 的），honest（诚实的），difficult（困难
的）
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定义
•
用法
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单个形容词在名词短语中的位置
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多个形容词修饰名词时的词序排列 （了 解）
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形容词和副词的比较等级
•