Leadership and OB_CH02

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The Essence of Leadership

The Essence of Leadership

The Essence of Leadership Leadership is a complex and multifaceted concept that has been the subject of much study and debate. It is often associated with qualities such as charisma, decisiveness, and the ability to inspire and motivate others. However, the essence of leadership goes beyond these surface-level attributes and encompasses a deeper understanding of human behavior, organizational dynamics, and the impact of one's actions on others. In this essay, we will explore the essence of leadership from various perspectives, delving into the different dimensions of leadership and the qualities that define a truly effective leader. From a psychological perspective, leadership can be understood as the ability to influence and guide others towards a common goal. This requires a deep understanding of human behavior, motivation, and communication. Effective leaders are able to connect with their followers on an emotional level, understanding their needs, fears, and aspirations. They are empathetic and able to see the world from the perspective of others, which allows them to build trust and rapport with their team. Moreover, effective leaders are skilled communicators, able to articulate a clear vision and inspire others to work towards it. They are able to adapt their communication style to different individuals and situations, ensuring that their message resonates with their audience. From an organizational perspective, leadership involves the ability to navigate complex and ever-changing environments, making strategic decisions and mobilizing resources towards a common objective. Effective leaders are able to think critically and strategically, anticipating challenges and opportunities and making informed decisions that benefit the organization as a whole. They are able to foster a culture of innovation and continuous improvement, empowering their team to take risks and learn from failure. Moreover, effective leaders are able to build and maintain strong relationships with stakeholders, including employees, customers, and partners, creating a sense of unity and purpose within the organization. From a moral and ethical perspective, leadership involves a deep sense of responsibility and integrity. Effective leaders are guided by a strong moral compass, always acting in the best interest of their followers and the organization. They are transparent and honest, admitting their mistakes and learning from them. They are able to make difficult decisions with empathy andcompassion, considering the impact of their actions on others. Moreover, effective leaders are able to foster a culture of accountability and fairness, ensuring that everyone is treated with respect and given equal opportunities to succeed. From a historical perspective, leadership can be understood through the lens of great leaders who have shaped the course of human history. From Mahatma Gandhi to Nelson Mandela, these leaders have demonstrated the essence of leadership through their unwavering commitment to their principles, their ability to inspire and unite people, and their willingness to sacrifice their own well-being for the greater good. Their legacies serve as a testament to the enduring impact of effective leadership and the power of individuals to bring about positive change in the world. In conclusion, the essence of leadership encompasses a wide range of qualities and attributes that go beyond surface-level charisma and decisiveness.It involves a deep understanding of human behavior, organizational dynamics, and the impact of one's actions on others. Effective leaders are able to influence and guide others towards a common goal, navigate complex environments, make ethical decisions, and inspire and unite people. They are guided by a strong moral compass, always acting in the best interest of their followers and the organization. Ultimately, the essence of leadership lies in the ability to bring out the best in others and create a positive impact on the world.。

leadership领导力

leadership领导力

添加标题
添加标题
学习领导力:通过阅读、听讲座、 参加研讨会等方式学习领导力
反思与改进:通过反思和改进不 断提升领导力
实践经验
领导力的发展需要不断学习和实践 领导力的提升需要不断积累经验和知识 领导力的发展需要不断反思和总结 领导力的发展需要不断挑战和突破
反馈与反思
领导力的发展需要不断的反馈和反思 反馈可以帮助领导者了解自己的行为和决策的效果 反思可以帮助领导者总结经验教训不断改进自己的领导方式 反馈和反思可以帮助领导者更好地理解自己和他人的需求提高领导效果
领导力的应用
04
组织管理
明确组织目标:设定明确的组织目标确保 团队成员了解并认同
建立组织结构:设计合理的组织结构明确 职责和权限
选拔和培养人才:选拔和培养具有领导力 的人才提高组织整体素质
激励和激励:制定有效的激励和激励机制 激发团队成员的积极性和创造力
沟通和协调:建立有效的沟通和协调机制 确保信息畅通和团队协作
进行
成果评估: 对项目成果 进行评估总 结经验教训 为未来项目
提供参考
个人发展
自我认知:了解自己的优点和缺点明确自己的职业目标和发展方向 自我提升:不断学习新知识和技能提高自己的专业能力和综合素质 自我激励:保持积极的心态勇于面对挑战不断超越自我
自我管理:合理安排时间提高工作效率保持良好的生活习惯和健康的身体状态
团队协作
建立信任:通过沟通和合作建立团队成员之间的信任 分工合作:明确团队成员的角色和职责确保每个人都能发挥自己的优势 鼓励创新:鼓励团队成员提出新想法共同解决问题 反馈与激励:及时给予团队成员反馈和激励提高团队士气和效率
领导力的挑战与应对
05
变革管理
变革背景: 组织内外部 环境的变化

leadership的重要性英语作文

leadership的重要性英语作文

leadership的重要性英语作文Leadership is crucial in all aspects of life, from school and work to relationships and community involvement. A strong leader inspires and motivates others, sets the direction, and guides a group or organization towards success. In this essay, I will explore the importance of leadership and its impact on individuals and society.First and foremost, leadership is essential for an organization to function effectively. A good leader establishes clear goals and objectives, delegates tasks, and motivates team members to work towards a common purpose. By providing direction and guidance, a leader can ensure that everyone is working towards the same objectives, which can ultimately lead to increased productivity and success for the organization.Moreover, leadership is crucial for fostering innovation and creativity. A leader who encourages open communication and collaboration can help employees feel empowered to share their ideas and take risks. This can result in new and innovative solutions to problems, as well as a more engaged and motivated workforce. Without strong leadership to support and nurture creativity, organizations may struggle to adapt to changing markets or technological advancements.Additionally, effective leadership can have a positive impact on individuals. A good leader can inspire and motivate others to reach their full potential, fostering a sense of confidence and self-belief in their abilities. By providing mentorship and guidance, a leader can help individuals grow and develop both personally and professionally. This can lead to increased job satisfaction, higher levels of engagement, and improved overall well-being for employees.In society, leadership is vital for driving progress and change. Leaders who possess vision and integrity can inspire others to follow their lead and work towards a common goal. Whether it is in the political realm, business world, or local community, strong leadership can help address pressing issues, make tough decisions, and bring about positive change. Without effective leadership, progress can stagnate, and problems may go unresolved.In conclusion, leadership plays a critical role in all aspects of life, from organizational success to personal growth and societal progress. Strong leadership can inspire, motivate, and guide others towards achieving common goals and overcoming challenges. As such, it is essential for individuals to develop their leadership skills and for organizations to nurture and supporttheir leaders. By recognizing and valuing the importance of leadership, we can create a more positive and prosperous future for all.。

Leadership and Value

Leadership and Value

Leadership and Values赵小兰(美国前劳工部部长)2002年在哈佛大学商学院MBA新生开学典礼上的讲话It’s great to be back at Harvard Business School. It seems like ages ago that I was sitting where you are. Actually, … it was ages ago.First, let me say: all of you are about to embark upon the most exciting two years of your lives. HBS (Harvard Business School) was certainly among the two most rewarding and exciting years of my life. And I’ve had a pretty interesting life! Since leaving this campus, I have seldom found as exciting as environment as the one I experienced at HBS. There is such electricity in the air here, such as awareness of each individual’s potential and such optimism about future expectations.In a nutshell, my life and career have turned out to be so much more interesting and exciting than I ever could have imagined. I have had the unique privilege of having led complex organizations in the private, non-private and public sectors. What I have come to appreciate is that leaders are not necessarily those who seem the smartest, the most intellectual, or the most confident.I have found that true leadership draws its source from core values such as character, integrity, personal courage and a commitment to ideals. Some of the best leaders I have seem are humble individuals who possess great empathy for others. They have the ability to motivate and inspire and can utilize these skills to forge a consensus toward a common vision.In the next two years, the basis of everything you will learn is the American free enterprise system. That system, which has given so much to so many, is in crisis today. It is under attack because of the actions of an unscrupulous few, some of whom graduated from our nation’s top business school.Even the best education with the finest teachers will not produce the kind of leaders we need unless their leadership is grounded by strong moral principles and values. That’s why the Leadership and Values Initiative you are kicking off today is so important and so very timely.You have all seen the headlines. Major U. S. companies have collapsed because of corporate dishonesty. Billions of dollars in market capitalization have disappeared. Millions of investors have seen their investments drop significantly. Thousands of workers have lost their jobs. And millions of Americans have lost their retirement security.That tragedy was compounded by avarice. We have learned that the same executives who bankrupted companies and cheated shareholders enriched themselves with corporate assets before bailing out. Other transactions --- like huge insider loans; special purpose entities; off balance sheet financing pushed to the limit and beyond --- were cleverly concealed with the help of creative accounting devices.Enron(安然公司)was just the beginning --- then came Global Crossing, Tyco, Adelphia and WorldCom. There were so many restatements of earnings that you still need a scorecard to keep up with them. No wonder the market is reeling.But it is not reeling because of any so-called economic crisis. After all, interest rates are the lowest in decades. Home and automotive sales remain strong. Productivity continues to rise. Inflation is low and we have had three straight quarters of positive growth. What is really driving the current financial jitters is a crisis in confidence. Our country has lost confidence in the business leaders who once epitomized success in the boom decade of the 1990’s.President George W. Bush, a Harvard MBA himself, has said, “There is no capitalism without conscience; there is no wealth without character. We need men and women of character who know the differences between ambition and destructive greed. As the President also said so emphatically as he signed corporate governance reforms into law recently, “… free markets are NOT a jungle in which only the unscrupulous survive.”The President’s plan strikes at the very heart of greed, deception and fraud. It mandates clarity and transparency in key business practices. It ensures better, clearer information for investors. It establishes a stronger, more independent audit system. And it insists that CEOs personally certify their annual earnings statements and reports.White-collar crime can lead to jail time and public disgrace. So what if they have millions of dollars? Many are still young and vigorous. What will they do with the rest of their lives when their calling card --- their good name --- is linked with the some of the greatest scandals in our country’s financial history? Some may dare to argue that the situation is unfair --- that investors should have been more sophisticated, that it was just creative accounting, that market pressures to maintain quarterly earnings led to such actions, that everyone was doing it, that they weren’t at fault or they were just the ones who got caught. But as important as laws, regulations and enforcement actions are, there is an intangible element to this crisis that only individuals can address.We must encourage the development of principled leadership. And the best place to start is right here … with you. Harvard Business School, under the leadership of Dean Clark, has taken a major step in the right direction by creating a Leadership and V alues Initiative. He understands that ethics is the practical application of characters. And only character can help us resist some of the temptations that are out there.。

领导力的英语

领导力的英语

领导力的英语LeadershipLeadership is a crucial aspect of our lives, both personal and professional. It is the ability to inspire, motivate, and guide others towards a common goal. Effective leadership can transform individuals, organizations, and even entire communities. In this essay, we will explore the multifaceted nature of leadership and the qualities that make a great leader.At the heart of leadership lies the ability to influence and inspire others. A true leader is not simply someone who gives orders or makes decisions, but rather someone who can captivate and empower their followers. They possess a deep understanding of human nature and the ability to connect with people on an emotional level. Great leaders have a vision that they can clearly articulate, and they are able to inspire others to share and work towards that vision.One of the key attributes of a successful leader is their ability to problem-solve and think critically. Leaders are often faced with complex challenges and unexpected obstacles, and they must havethe cognitive flexibility to adapt and find innovative solutions. They must be able to analyze situations from multiple perspectives, weighing the pros and cons of various courses of action. This ability to think critically and make well-informed decisions is essential for effective leadership.Another crucial aspect of leadership is the ability to foster a positive and collaborative work environment. Great leaders understand the importance of building strong, cohesive teams and empowering their followers to contribute their unique skills and perspectives. They create a culture of trust, open communication, and mutual respect, which in turn leads to increased productivity, creativity, and job satisfaction among team members.Effective leaders also possess strong communication skills, both verbal and nonverbal. They are able to articulate their ideas clearly and concisely, and they are skilled listeners who can truly hear and understand the concerns and perspectives of their followers. Additionally, they are adept at using body language and facial expressions to convey confidence, empathy, and authority.Integrity is another essential quality of a great leader. Leaders must be authentic, transparent, and accountable for their actions. They must have a strong moral compass and consistently demonstrate their commitment to ethical behavior. When followers trust that theirleader is acting with integrity, they are more likely to be loyal, committed, and willing to follow that leader's lead.In addition to the qualities mentioned above, successful leaders also possess a certain degree of emotional intelligence. They are able to recognize and manage their own emotions, as well as the emotions of their followers. They can empathize with others, read social cues, and adjust their communication and leadership style accordingly. This emotional intelligence allows them to create a positive and supportive environment, which in turn fosters loyalty, motivation, and high performance among their team members.Finally, great leaders are continuous learners who are always striving to improve and expand their knowledge and skills. They are open to feedback, willing to admit their mistakes, and eager to seek out new perspectives and experiences. This commitment to personal and professional growth not only benefits the leader themselves but also inspires and encourages their followers to do the same.In conclusion, leadership is a multifaceted and complex concept that encompasses a wide range of qualities and skills. From inspiring and motivating others to problem-solving and fostering a positive work environment, effective leaders possess a unique blend of cognitive, emotional, and interpersonal abilities. By cultivating these essential leadership qualities, individuals can not only improve their ownperformance and success but also have a transformative impact on the lives of those they lead.。

J 2_OB LeadershipST

J 2_OB LeadershipST
(Adapted from Bartol & Martin, 1998, p. 432)
Dictator to Democrat
(Adapted From Robbins ’96)
For 26 years Jack Croushore was a stern boss at U.S. Steel -- quick to discipline & punish. Then his plant failed and 600 people lost their jobs. At the new factory (CP Industries) he said, “I’m going to try new things because the old ways didn’t work…” He traded in autocracy for a ‘trusting, participative style.’ “His new guiding principle is the “Golden Rule.” ‘Facing a problem, I think about how I would feel and want to be treated if I were in that person’s place.’ He avoids punishment, trusting most workers to do right.
Stogdill’s Traits
Achievement Persistence Intelligence & Creativity Interpersonal Skills Self-Confidence (makes for confident followers) Willing to Accept Consequences Low Interpersonal Stress Tolerance Able to Motivate

Leadership and OB_CH06

Leadership and OB_CH06
共同的行为 文化价值观
共同 设想
资料来源: Cumming,T.G., and Worley,C.G. Organization Development and
Change,6th ed.Cincinnati97.
组织文化模型
标签理论 人与文化合理匹配的重要性
– 学院型
• 成长、进步 培训 IBM COCOLA GE
15–21
文化变革的内容
价值观 层面
– 海尔 Haier and Higher 海尔永创新高 真诚到永远
企业制度和习俗
– 体现核心价值观的变化,是载体 – 学习型企业的从员工到管理层的学习制度
企业标识等符号层
– 传递核心价值理念 – 联想从“传奇”到
15–22
变革实施
领导风格 组织结构 企业战略 人员配备 报酬系统
案例:
文化变革
企业文化变革的原则
– 审慎 – 持久 – 系统
1981年G E在的增长上远远落后于日本同类企业, 技术方面 的领先地位也已经丧失。为了应对危机, 当时的总裁琼斯任 命韦尔奇接替他的位置。 韦尔奇上任后, 从文化变革入手创建了一整套企业文化管理 模式。韦尔奇提出,世界在不断变化, 企业也必须不断变革, 我 们拥有的最大力量就是认识自已命运的能力, 认清形势、认 清自我, 从而改变自我, 掌握命运
16–17
文化管理
社会化 Do People Make the Place?ASA model: Attract
18
Attraction-Selection-Attrition Theory
Organizations become more homogeneous (stronger culture) through:

Leaders and Leadership

Leaders and Leadership

10-7
The Behavior Model
• Behavioral model: Identifies two basic types of

behavior that many leaders engage in to influence their subordinates
Consideration: Behavior indicating that a manager trusts, respects, and cares about subordinates Initiating structure: Behavior that managers engage in to ensure that work gets done, subordinates perform their jobs acceptably, and the organization is efficient and effective
10-2
Learning Objectives
• Explain how contingency models of leadership
enhance our understanding of effective leadership and management in organizations explain how managers can engage in it

10-8
Contingency Models of Leadership
• Fiedler’s model: Personal characteristics can
influence leader effectiveness
• •

OB02提升领导力-自我提升与选拔下属070529

OB02提升领导力-自我提升与选拔下属070529

本讲内容 组织行为学专题2: 提升领导力:获得权力与影响100871北京大学心理学系 张智勇 副教授 zzhang@ • 权力与影响力的来源 • 选拔管理人才1 如何提升自己的影响力?• 个人因素 • 职位因素 • 组织因素 • 行业、社会经济因素 • 其他因素(偶然性)(1)权力与影响的个人因素• 专业知识– 知道别人不知道的东西• 魅力– 招人喜欢• 真诚努力– 格外努力• 认同和欣赏他人– 让别人感觉好1)专业知识• 具备他人罕有的知识、技能和经验!– 核心技术 – 政府资源 – 市场客户2)个人魅力• 身体外表 • 宜人的行为• IT企业民主还是传统企业民主?– 为什么?——专业性! – 专业化的工作不可替代,所以容易赢得工作自主 权,赢得尊重。

为什么“两弹一星”非常成功?1如何增加自己的人际吸引力• 时空邻近性 • 相似性 • 互惠性 • 魅力时空邻近性• 你有哪些相对熟悉、亲近的人? • 邻近是了解的外部条件! • 但,“仅仅曝光效应” 启示:多走近我们的 同事、客户!– 美国人对日本汉字的喜欢程度 – 大学生对女助手的喜好程度相似性• 价值观与人格 • 人际风格 • 兴趣和经验启示: 1、提高自己的包容性(价值多元性) 2、不要争执或者强加自己的观点 3、培养多种兴趣爱好 4、注意对方的感受和特点互惠性• 社会交换理论 • 公平理论严以律己 反思他人为我付出了什么 我对他人能做什么回报 宽以待人 不指望他人为我付出了什么 不指望他人的感激躯体魅力• 美貌效应:美丽即美好! • 初浅社会交往:第一印象 • 人员招聘、晋升、薪酬待遇启示: 评估自己的相貌优势决定受人喜欢程度的特征我们喜欢他们,当我们有理由相信他们将: 倾向一种开放、诚实,并且忠诚的关系 通过情感上的易接近性培养亲密关系 提供无条件、积极的关注和认可 在必要的情况下,他们能作出一些牺牲 以同情或移情的方式提供社会支持 积极维持关系而进行必要的社会交换 来源:节选自 Canfield & LaGaipa, 1970。

关于leadership的名言-概述说明以及解释

关于leadership的名言-概述说明以及解释

关于leadership的名言1.Leadership is not about being in charge. It is about taking care of those in your charge.2.The greatest leader is not necessarily the one who does the greatest things. He is the one that gets the people to do the greatest things.3.A leader is one who knows the way, goes the way, and shows the way.4.Leadership is the capacity to translate vision into reality.5.To handle yourself, use your head; to handle others, use your heart.6.The art of leadership is saying no, not saying yes. It is very easy to say yes.7.Don't tell people how to do things, tell them what to do and let them surprise you with their results.8.The challenge of leadership is to be strong, but not rude; be kind, but not weak; be bold, but not a bully.9.Leadership is not a position or a title, it is action and example.10.Your position never gives you the right to command. It only imposes on you the duty of so living your life that others may receive your orders without being humiliated.11.Great leaders are willing to sacrifice their own interests forthe good of the group.12.Leadership is the ability to get extraordinary achievement from ordinary people.13.A leader takes people where they want to go. A great leader takes people where they don't necessarily want to go, but ought to be.14.A good leader takes a little more than his share of the blame,a little less than his share of the credit.15.The function of leadership is to produce more leaders, not more followers.16.The best way to lead people into the future is to connect with them deeply in the present.17.Leadership is not about being the best, it's about making everyone else better.18.The key to successful leadership today is influence, not authority.19.The price of greatness is responsibility.20.Leadership is the capacity to transform vision into reality.21.Leadership is the capacity to translate vision into reality. - Warren Bennis22.A leader is one who knows the way, goes the way, and shows the way. - John C. Maxwell23.The function of leadership is to produce more leaders, not more followers. - Ralph Nader24.Example is not the main thing in influencing others. It is the only thing. - Albert Schweitzer25.The greatest leader is not necessarily the one who does the greatest things. He is the one that gets the people to do the greatest things. - Ronald Reagan26.Leadership is the art of getting someone else to do something you want done because he wants to do it. - Dwight D. Eisenhower27.A leader is best when people barely know he exists, when his work is done, his aim fulfilled, they will say: we did it ourselves. - Lao Tzu28.The challenge of leadership is to be strong, but not rude; be kind, but not weak; be bold, but not bully; be thoughtful, but not lazy; be humble, but not timid; be proud, but not arrogant; have humor, but without folly. - Jim Rohn29.As we look ahead into the next century, leaders will be those who empower others. - Bill Gates30.Leaders think and talk about the solutions. Followers think and talk about the problems. - Brian Tracy31.Leadership is not about being in charge. It is about takingcare of those in your charge. - Simon Sinek32.If your actions inspire others to dream more, learn more, do more and become more, you are a leader. - John Quincy Adams33.The price of greatness is responsibility. - Winston Churchill34.A good leader takes a little more than his share of the blame,a little less than his share of the credit. - Arnold H. Glasow35.A leader is a dealer in hope. - Napoleon Bonaparte36.Before you are a leader, success is all about growing yourself. When you become a leader, success is all about growing others. - Jack Welch37.The art of leadership is saying no, not yes. It is very easy to say yes. - Tony Blair38.Leadership and learning are indispensable to each other. - John F. Kennedy39.The quality of a leader is reflected in the standards they set for themselves. - Ray Kroc40.It is better to lead from behind and to put others in front, especially when you celebrate victory when nice things occur. You take the front line when there is danger. Then people will appreciate your leadership. - Nelson Mandela41.Leadership is not about being in charge. It's about taking care of those in your charge. - Simon Sinek42.True leadership is about guiding others to success. - Bill Owens43.The function of leadership is to produce more leaders, not more followers. - Ralph Nader44.A good leader inspires people to have confidence in the leader, a great leader inspires people to have confidence in themselves. - Eleanor Roosevelt45.The greatest leader is not necessarily the one who does the greatest things. He is the one that gets the people to do the greatest things. - Ronald Reagan46.A leader is one who knows the way, goes the way, and shows the way. - John C. Maxwell47.Leadership is the capacity to translate vision into reality. - Warren Bennis48.A leader takes people where they want to go. A great leader takes people where they don't necessarily want to go, but ought to be. - Rosalynn Carter49.Leadership is solving problems. The day soldiers stop bringing you their problems is the day you have stopped leading them. - Colin Powell50.The art of leadership is saying no, not yes. It is very easy to say yes. - Tony Blair51.A genuine leader is not a searcher for consensus but a molder of consensus. - Martin Luther King Jr.52.Leadership is about making others better as a result of your presence and making sure that impact lasts in your absence. - Sheryl Sandberg53.A leader is best when people barely know he exists, when his work is done, his aim fulfilled, they will say: we did it ourselves. - Lao Tzu54.A leader is a dealer in hope. - Napoleon Bonaparte55.Leaders aren't born, they are made. And they are made just like anything else, through hard work. - Vince Lombardi56.The challenge of leadership is to be strong, but not rude; be kind, but not weak; be bold, but not bully; be thoughtful, but not lazy; be humble, but not timid; be proud, but not arrogant; have humor, but without folly. - Jim Rohn57.To handle yourself, use your head; to handle others, use your heart. - Eleanor Roosevelt58.The best leader is the one who has sense enough to pick good men to do what he wants done, and self-restraint enough to keep from meddling with them while they do it. - Theodore Roosevelt59.When you are a leader, people watch everything you do.Make sure you are comfortable with that. - Eric Schmidt60.Leadership is not just what happens when you're there, it's what happens when you're not. - Ken Blanchard61.The greatest leaders are not the ones who strive for perfection, but those who inspire others to greatness.62.A leader is one who knows the way, goes the way, and shows the way.63.Leadership is not about being in charge, it's about taking care of those in your charge.64.A true leader is one who empowers others to lead.65.Leadership is not about titles, positions, or flowcharts; it is about one life influencing another.66.True leadership is about inspiring others to achieve their full potential.67.Success is not about the individual, but about the team working together towards a common goal.68.Leadership is the capacity to translate vision into reality.69.The best leaders are those who lead by example and inspire others to follow.70.Leadership is not about being popular, but about making tough decisions that are in the best interest of the team.71.A leader's job is not to do the work for others, but to helpthem see their potential and inspire them to achieve it.72.Leadership is not about being the boss, it's about being the one who takes responsibility for the team's success.73.Great leaders don't set out to be a leader, they set out to make a difference. It's never about the role –always about the goal.74.Leadership is about making others better as a result of your presence and making sure that impact lasts in your absence.75.To be a successful leader, you must empower others, not control them.76.Leadership is not about the next election, it's about the next generation.77.The difference between a boss and a leader: a boss says'Go!' –a leader says 'Let's go!'78.Leadership is not about having the right answers, it's about asking the right questions.79.True leadership is about empowering others to reach their full potential and achieve their goals.80.Leadership is about setting a direction, aligning people, and motivating them to achieve success.81.The greatest leader is not necessarily the one who does the greatest things. He is the one that gets the people to do thegreatest things. - Ronald Reagan82.A good leader leads the people from above them. A great leader leads the people from within them. - M.D. Arnold83.It is better to lead from behind and to put others in front, especially when you celebrate victory when nice things occur. You take the front line when there is danger. Then people will appreciate your leadership. - Nelson Mandela84.A leader is one who knows the way, goes the way, and shows the way. - John C. Maxwell85.Leadership is not about being in charge. It is about taking care of those in your charge. - Simon Sinek86.A true leader has the confidence to stand alone, the courage to make tough decisions, and the compassion to listen to the needs of others. He does not set out to be a leader but becomes one by the equality of his actions and the integrity of his intent. - Douglas MacArthur87.Real leaders are ordinary people with extraordinary determination. - Anonymous88.The function of leadership is to produce more leaders, not more followers. - Ralph Nader89.Leadership is the capacity to translate vision into reality. - Warren Bennis90.The best leaders are those most interested in surrounding themselves with assistants and associates smarter than they are. They are frank in admitting this and are willing to pay for such talents. - Antos Parrish91.Leadership is the art of getting someone else to do something you want done because he wants to do it. - Dwight D. Eisenhower92.A leader takes people where they want to go. A great leader takes people where they don't necessarily want to go, but ought to be. - Rosalynn Carter93.Leadership is about making others better as a result of your presence and making sure that impact lasts in your absence. - Sheryl Sandberg94.To handle yourself, use your head; to handle others, use your heart. - Eleanor Roosevelt95.A leader is best when people barely know he exists when his work is done, his aim fulfilled, they will say: we did it ourselves. - Lao Tzu96.Leadership is not a position or a title, it is action and example. - Cory Booker97.Don't fear failure. Not failure, but low aim, is the crime. In great attempts, it is glorious even to fail. - Bruce Lee98.The greatest leaders are not necessarily the ones who do the greatest things. They are the ones that inspire others to do great things. - Ronald Reagan99.A leader is a dealer in hope. - Napoleon Bonaparte100.Leaders set high standards. Refuse to tolerate mediocrity or poor performance. - Brian Tracy101.Effective leadership is not about making speeches or being liked; leadership is defined by results, not attributes. - Peter Drucker 102.A leader is one who knows the way, goes the way, and shows the way. - John C. Maxwell103.Leadership is the capacity to translate vision into reality. - Warren Bennis104.A leader's role is to raise people's aspirations for what they can become and to release their energies so they will try to get there. - David Gergen105.A good leader takes a little more than his share of the blame, a little less than his share of the credit. - Arnold H. Glasow 106.Leadership is not about being in charge. It's about taking care of those in your charge. - Simon Sinek107.The art of leadership is saying no, not yes. It is very easy to say yes. - Tony Blair108.Leadership is not about being the best. It's about makingeveryone else better. - Sheryl Sandberg109.Good leaders develop ideas; great leaders develop people. - Larry Crabb110.Leadership is not about a title or a designation. It's about impact, influence, and inspiration. Impact involves getting results, influence is about spreading the passion you have for your work, and you have to inspire teammates and customers. - Robin S. Sharma111.A leader's job is not to do the work for others, it's to help others figure out how to do it themselves, to get things done, and to succeed beyond what they thought possible. - Simon Sinek 112.The function of leadership is to produce more leaders, not more followers. - Ralph Nader113.Leadership is not about being in control. It's about making things happen that wouldn't happen if you weren't there. - Ken Blanchard114.If your actions inspire others to dream more, learn more, do more, and become more, you are a leader. - John Quincy Adams 115.Leadership is not wielding authority- it's empowering people. - Becky Brodin116.Great leaders are willing to sacrifice their own interests for the good of the team. -Daniel Ilan117.A leader's responsibility is to define reality and give hope. - Napoleon Bonaparte118.The essence of leadership is being able to see the iceberg before it hits the Titanic. - Gary Hamel119.Leadership is about making others better as a result of your presence and making sure that impact lasts in your absence. - Sheryl Sandberg120.Leaders set high expectations, and they have clear standards. - Ray Odierno121.A leader is one who knows the way, goes the way, and shows the way. - John C. Maxwell122.Leadership is not about being in charge. It's about taking care of those in your charge. - Simon Sinek123.Leaders don't create followers, they create more leaders. - Tom Peters124.Leadership is the capacity to translate vision into reality. - Warren Bennis125.Leadership is not a position or a title, it is action and example. - Cory Booker126.To handle yourself, use your head; to handle others, use your heart. - Eleanor Roosevelt127.The task of the leader is to get their people from wherethey are to where they have not been. - Henry Kissinger 128.A good leader takes a little more than his share of the blame, a little less than his share of the credit. - Arnold H. Glasow 129.The greatest leader is not necessarily the one who does the greatest things. He is the one that gets the people to do the greatest things. - Ronald Reagan130.The quality of a leader is reflected in the standards they set for themselves. - Ray Kroc131.A genuine leader is not a searcher for consensus but a molder of consensus. - Martin Luther King Jr.132.Leadership is the capacity to translate vision into reality. - Warren Bennis133.A leader is one who knows the way, goes the way, and shows the way. - John C. Maxwell134.Leadership is about making others better as a result of your presence and making sure that impact lasts in your absence. - Sheryl Sandberg135.A good leader takes a little more than his share of the blame, a little less than his share of the credit. - Arnold H. Glasow 136.To handle yourself, use your head; to handle others, use your heart. - Eleanor Roosevelt137.Leadership is not about being in charge. It's about takingcare of those in your charge. - Simon Sinek138.No man will make a great leader who wants to do it all himself, or to get all the credit for doing it. - Andrew Carnegie 139.The growth and development of people is the highest calling of leadership. - Harvey S. Firestone140.The best way to predict your future is to create it. - Peter Drucker141.Leadership is not a position or a title, it is action and example. - Cory Booker142.True leadership stems from individuality that is honestly and sometimes imperfectly expressed. - Sheryl Sandberg 143.Leaders disrupt the norm, they don’t surrender to the norm. - Robin Sharma144.Great leaders are not defined by the absence of weakness, but by the presence of clear strengths. - John Zenger145.The key to successful leadership today is influence, not authority. - Ken Blanchard146.Leadership is the art of getting someone else to do something you want done because he wants to do it. - Dwight D. Eisenhower147.Great leaders are willing to sacrifice their own interests for the good of the team. - John Wooden148.The greatest leaders are not the ones doing the greatest things. They are the ones inspiring others to do great things. - Ronald Reagan149.The function of leadership is to produce more leaders, not more followers. - Ralph Nader150.Leadership is the capacity to influence others through inspiration motivated by a passion, generated by a vision, produced by a conviction, ignited by a purpose. - Myles Munroe。

什么是领导力 如何提高领导力英语作文

什么是领导力 如何提高领导力英语作文

什么是领导力如何提高领导力英语作文全文共3篇示例,供读者参考篇1What is Leadership and How to Improve LeadershipIntroductionLeadership is a crucial skill in today's fast-paced and competitive world. It is the ability to guide, motivate, and influence others towards achieving common goals. Effective leadership can inspire teams to work together cohesively, maximize their potential, and drive success in any organization. In this essay, we will explore the concept of leadership and discuss various strategies to enhance leadership skills.What is Leadership?Leadership is not just about holding a title or position of authority. It is about inspiring and influencing others to achieve a common objective. A leader is someone who can effectively communicate their vision, motivate their team members, make tough decisions, and lead by example. Leadership involves traits such as empathy, integrity, decisiveness, and emotional intelligence.Types of Leadership StylesThere are various leadership styles that leaders can adopt, depending on the situation and the nature of the team. Some common leadership styles include:1. Autocratic Leadership: In this style, the leader makes decisions without consultation with the team members. They have absolute control over the team and are responsible for all decision-making.2. Democratic Leadership: Leaders in this style involve team members in decision-making processes and value their input. This style promotes collaboration and teamwork.3. Transformational Leadership: Transformational leaders inspire and motivate their team members to achieve excellence. They constantly challenge their team to grow and innovate.4. Laissez-Faire Leadership: In this style, leaders provide minimal guidance to their team members and allow them to make their own decisions. This style works well in highly skilled and self-motivated teams.How to Improve Leadership SkillsEnhancing leadership skills is a continuous process that requires self-awareness, learning, and practice. Here are some strategies to improve leadership skills:1. Self-Reflection: Take time to reflect on your strengths and weaknesses as a leader. Identify areas for improvement and set goals to work on them.2. Continuous Learning: Stay updated on the latest trends in leadership and management. Attend workshops, seminars, and courses to enhance your knowledge and skills.3. Build Relationships: Develop strong relationships with your team members, colleagues, and stakeholders. Effective communication and relationship-building are key to successful leadership.4. Delegate Tasks: Learn to delegate tasks to team members based on their strengths and capabilities. Trust your team to deliver results and provide support when needed.5. Lead by Example: Demonstrate the values and behaviors you expect from your team members. Be ethical, honest, and consistent in your actions.6. Empower Others: Encourage your team members to take initiative, make decisions, and contribute their ideas. Provide opportunities for growth and development.7. Adaptability: Be flexible and adaptable in your leadership style to meet the changing needs of your team and organization. Embrace challenges as opportunities for growth.ConclusionLeadership is a vital skill that can drive success and growth in any organization. By understanding the concept of leadership, adopting appropriate leadership styles, and continuously improving leadership skills, individuals can become effective leaders who inspire and empower their teams to achieve greatness. Leadership is not a destination but a journey ofself-discovery and growth.篇2What is Leadership and How to Improve Leadership SkillsIntroductionLeadership is a crucial skill in both personal and professional life. It is the ability to guide, influence, and inspire others towards a common goal. Effective leadership is essential for success inany organization, as it helps in the growth and development of individuals and teams. In this article, we will discuss what leadership is, the qualities of a good leader, and how to improve leadership skills.What is Leadership?Leadership is the ability to motivate and inspire others to achieve a common goal. A leader is someone who has a clear vision, communicates effectively, and is able to guide and support others in the pursuit of that vision. Leadership involves making decisions, solving problems, and taking risks. A good leader is someone who can bring out the best in others and create an environment where everyone can thrive.Qualities of a Good LeaderThere are several qualities that make a good leader. These include:1. Communication: A good leader is an effective communicator who can clearly convey their ideas and vision to others.2. Vision: A good leader has a clear vision of where they want to go and inspires others to follow that vision.3. Integrity: A good leader is honest, ethical, and trustworthy. They lead by example and inspire trust in others.4. Empathy: A good leader is empathetic and understands the needs and feelings of others. They are able to connect with people on a personal level.5. Problem-solving: A good leader is able to think critically, analyze situations, and come up with effective solutions to problems.6. Resilience: A good leader is resilient and able to bounce back from setbacks and challenges.How to Improve Leadership SkillsThere are several ways to improve leadership skills. Some of these include:1. Continuous learning: Leadership is a skill that can be developed and improved over time. It is important to constantly learn and grow as a leader by reading books, attending workshops, and seeking feedback from others.2. Building relationships: A good leader builds strong relationships with their team members, colleagues, and stakeholders. Building trust and rapport with others is essential for effective leadership.3. Emotional intelligence: Emotional intelligence is the ability to recognize and manage your own emotions and the emotions of others. Developing emotional intelligence can help you understand and connect with others on a deeper level.4. Delegating tasks: A good leader knows how to delegate tasks and empower others to take on responsibilities. Delegating tasks can help develop the skills and confidence of team members.5. Setting goals: A good leader sets clear goals and expectations for themselves and their team. Setting goals can help focus efforts and motivate others towards a common objective.6. Seeking feedback: Feedback is essential for growth and improvement as a leader. Seek feedback from colleagues, mentors, and team members to learn how you can improve and develop as a leader.ConclusionLeadership is a key skill that can make a significant difference in both personal and professional life. By developing qualities such as communication, vision, integrity, empathy, problem-solving, and resilience, you can become an effectiveleader. It is important to continuously learn and grow as a leader, build strong relationships, develop emotional intelligence, delegate tasks, set goals, and seek feedback in order to improve your leadership skills. By doing so, you can inspire and motivate others towards success and growth.篇3What is Leadership and How to Improve LeadershipIntroductionLeadership is a critical skill in all aspects of life, whether it's in the workplace, at school, or in personal relationships. A strong leader can inspire and motivate others, drive positive change, and achieve goals. In this essay, we will explore the concept of leadership, its key characteristics, and strategies for improving leadership skills.What is Leadership?Leadership can be defined as the ability to influence and guide others to achieve common goals. It involves setting a clear vision, motivating and inspiring others, making tough decisions, and creating a supportive and inclusive environment. Effective leaders possess a combination of personal qualities, such as communication, empathy, integrity, and resilience.Key Characteristics of Leadership1. Vision: A strong leader has a clear vision of where they want to go and can communicate this vision to others.2. Communication: Effective communication skills are essential for a leader to convey their ideas, listen to others, and provide feedback.3. Empathy: A good leader understands the needs and feelings of others and shows empathy and compassion.4. Integrity: Leaders must act with honesty, fairness, and ethical behavior to earn the trust and respect of their team.5. Resilience: Leaders face challenges and setbacks but must remain resilient and adaptable in the face of adversity.Strategies for Improving Leadership1. Seek Feedback: Ask for feedback from colleagues, mentors, and team members to identify strengths and areas for improvement.2. Develop Emotional Intelligence: Emotional intelligence involves understanding and managing emotions, building relationships, and making smart decisions. It is a key skill for effective leadership.3. Build Relationships: Invest time in building relationships with team members, colleagues, and stakeholders to create trust and loyalty.4. Lead by Example: Demonstrate the qualities you want to see in others, such as hard work, professionalism, and integrity.5. Continuously Learn and Adapt: Stay abreast of new developments in your field, seek out learning opportunities, and be open to feedback and change.ConclusionLeadership is a valuable skill that can be developed and improved over time. By cultivating key characteristics, seeking feedback, building relationships, and continuously learning, individuals can enhance their leadership capabilities and inspire others to achieve greatness. Leadership is not about power or authority, but about positively influencing and guiding others towards a common goal. By embodying the principles of leadership, individuals can make a lasting impact in their organizations, communities, and beyond.。

领导力的英语作文

领导力的英语作文

领导力的英语作文Leadership is not just about being in charge, it's about inspiring and motivating others to work towards a common goal. A good leader should be able to communicate effectively, make tough decisions, and lead by example. They should also be able to empower and develop their team members, providing them with the support and resources they need to succeed.One of the most important qualities of a leader is the ability to communicate effectively. This means being able to clearly articulate goals and expectations, listen to the concerns and ideas of team members, and provide constructive feedback. Good communication helps to build trust and fosters a positive work environment.Leaders also need to be able to make tough decisions, even when they are unpopular. This requires courage and the ability to weigh the pros and cons of different options. A good leader should be able to make decisions that are inthe best interest of the team and the organization as a whole, even if it means taking risks or facing criticism.Leading by example is another essential aspect of leadership. A leader who demonstrates integrity, accountability, and a strong work ethic will inspire their team members to do the same. When leaders set a positive example, it encourages others to follow suit and creates a culture of excellence within the organization.Empowering and developing team members is also crucial for effective leadership. A good leader should be able to recognize the strengths and potential of their team members and provide them with opportunities for growth and development. This not only benefits the individual team members, but also strengthens the team as a whole.In conclusion, leadership is about more than just being in charge. It requires effective communication, the ability to make tough decisions, leading by example, and empowering and developing team members. These qualities are essentialfor creating a positive and productive work environment, and for achieving success as a team.。

leader英语作文

leader英语作文

leader英语作文Leadership is not about being in charge, but abouttaking care of those in your charge. A good leader is someone who leads by example and inspires others to dotheir best. They are not afraid to make tough decisions and take responsibility for their actions.A leader should be able to communicate effectively with their team members and listen to their ideas and concerns. They should be approachable and open to feedback, always striving to create a positive and inclusive work environment.In times of crisis, a leader should remain calm and composed, providing guidance and support to their team.They should be able to think quickly on their feet and make decisions under pressure.A great leader is someone who is honest and trustworthy, always acting with integrity and setting a good example forothers to follow. They should be fair and impartial, treating everyone with respect and dignity.Ultimately, a leader's success is measured by the success of their team. A good leader empowers others to reach their full potential and achieve their goals. They celebrate the achievements of their team members and provide support and encouragement during challenging times.In conclusion, leadership is not about being the boss, but about being a mentor, a guide, and a role model. A true leader is someone who leads with compassion, empathy, and humility, always putting the needs of others before their own.。

leadership英文作文

leadership英文作文

leadership英文作文Leadership is about inspiring others to achieve a common goal. It's not about bossing people around, butrather about guiding and supporting them to bring out their best.A good leader is someone who leads by example. Theydon't just talk the talk, but they also walk the walk. They set a high standard for themselves and others to follow.Effective leadership requires good communication skills.A leader needs to be able to clearly convey their visionand goals to their team, as well as listen and understand the needs and concerns of their team members.Empathy is an important quality for a leader to possess. They need to be able to put themselves in the shoes oftheir team members, understand their feelings and perspectives, and provide support and guidance accordingly.A leader should be able to make tough decisions when necessary, even if they are unpopular. They need to havethe courage to take risks and stand by their choices, while also being open to feedback and willing to adapt their approach when needed.A great leader is someone who can foster a positive and inclusive work environment. They celebrate diversity, encourage collaboration, and create a sense of belongingand unity among their team members.In conclusion, leadership is not about power or authority, but about influence and inspiration. A good leader is someone who can motivate and guide others, communicate effectively, show empathy, make tough decisions, and create a positive and inclusive work environment.。

leadersship初三英语作文

leadersship初三英语作文

leadersship初三英语作文Leadership is a valuable quality that can inspire and guide others towards a common goal. A good leader is someone who leads by example, motivates their team, and makes decisions with confidence. They are able to communicate effectively, delegate tasks efficiently, and remain calm under pressure. Leadership skills can be developed through practice and experience, and they are essential in various aspects of life, such as school, work, and personal relationships. By cultivating leadership qualities, individuals can become effective leaders who positively influence those around them.中文翻译:领导力是一种宝贵的品质,可以激励和引导他人朝着共同的目标前进。

一个好的领导者是以身作则、激励团队并自信地做出决策的人。

他们能够有效沟通、高效分配任务,并能在压力下保持冷静。

领导能力可以通过实践和经验来培养,它在生活的各个方面都是必不可少的,比如学校、工作和人际关系。

通过培养领导品质,个人可以成为有效的领导者,积极地影响周围的人。

leadership的英语作文

leadership的英语作文

leadership的英语作文Leadership is not about commanding others to follow your orders, but about inspiring and empowering them to work towards a common goal. A good leader is someone who leads by example, showing integrity, humility, and empathy in their actions and decisions.Effective leadership requires strong communication skills, the ability to listen and understand different perspectives, and the willingness to make tough decisions when necessary. A leader should be able to motivate and encourage their team, while also holding them accountable for their actions and performance.In times of crisis or uncertainty, a leader should remain calm and composed, providing guidance and reassurance to their team. They should be able to adapt to changing circumstances and make quick, informed decisions to steer the team in the right direction.A leader should also be able to delegate tasks and responsibilities, trusting their team members to carry out their roles effectively. Micromanaging can be detrimentalto a team's morale and productivity, so it's important fora leader to have confidence in their team and give them the autonomy to excel in their work.Ultimately, leadership is about building relationships and fostering a positive and collaborative work environment.A leader should be approachable and supportive, creating a sense of unity and camaraderie within the team. By settinga positive example and creating a culture of respect and trust, a leader can inspire their team to achieve great things together.。

leadershipandfollowership

leadershipandfollowership

leadershipandfollowershipWednesday, November 08, 2006Leadership and followership.Current mood: sympatheticCategory: Religion and PhilosophyLeadership, it‘s all we usually hear about growing up. How to be a leader and not a follower. "If so and so jumped off a cliff, would you?" We all know that one and others like it. I think leadership is great, and I think we all have it in us to be amazing leaders. I t doesn‘t have to be in strength, it could be in meakness and through servitude. There are so many way to lead, with your voice, with your actions, a combination, the list is really endless. The truth, is I think that leadership is quite easy, especially when compared to being a good follower.Yes, that‘s right, a good follower. To be a good follower takes a lot more personal strength than you think, and by follower I am not eluding to the mindless, lazy follower, but the active, loyal, committed follower. Every great leader is great not just unto himself, but because of others around him that share a vision, trust their leader and then in turn use their abilities and powers to aide in bringing that vision into fruition. I never understood this concept untill I went through basic training back in 1993. It was an eye opening and humbling concept, but a very important one too.One of the main stumbling blocks with be a great follower is pride, and ego. Many times we just don‘t want to be told wh at to do, but we must lay down our pride a come in alongside others and at times help to hold them up. Often times when we serve in this way, we actually become stronger leaders to others around us though you might not even know it. Next time you are in a situation when your pride creeps up on you begging you to rebel in some sort of way, stop and think for a moment. You might be able to serve as a great support, a great follower.Sergeant Scott was the greatest leader I ever met and was a pleasure to serve with. He brought a sense of honor and pride back to over 600 people in my squadron because he was that which he ment others to be. I took great pride in being one of "his" troopsand always got the job done right, because it needed to get done. It seems that too many people want to be Sergeant Scott because that‘s where the glory is at, but life isn‘t about accumulating individual accolades and honors, it‘s about stuff like family, friends, and community. There‘s a great scripture in the new te stiment, and it goes a little something like this. It talks of how the head cannot say to the foot "you‘re insignificant and therefore I don‘t need you, or the eye cannot say that of the hand", you get the concept. Just as the body has many parts, they must also work as one, though there is one head that is in charge of the body.Just a little food for thought, to go against conventional social thinking. Followership, good followership is a great thing. Just as my wife allows me to be a stronger man by supporting me, so I can do the same for her.Micah。

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领导力开发和组织行为Leadership &Leadership&Organizational Behavior李劲松博士副教授上海财经大学国际工商管理学院商学院Copyright © 20112by Li jinsong,School of International Business Administration, SHUFEAll rights reserved.Requests for permission to make copies of any part ofj g@the work should be mailed to: jsongli@第二讲个体特征与行为管理价值观、态度与员工满意度管理人格差异与行为管理能力差异与行为管理1–1引例微软员工新价值观的调查–微软的HR专员带领一个小组试图了解下一代(80年以后出生)的人所思考的问题。

希望帮助微软更好的了解自己未来的员工和客户。

这是一个代不知道么有电脑和网络是什么滋味的人,显然里面有微软感兴趣的东西。

她们在在么有电脑和网络是什么滋味的人显然里面有微软感兴趣的东西她们在在探索下一代的工作价值观价值观对企业家行为的影响–PE (新教徒道德)价值观价值观的分类Allport分类(那种类型对个体来说是最重要的、最不重要的、…)–理论型:重视以批判和理性的方法寻找真理–经济型:强调有效和实用–审美型:重视外形和和谐匀称的价值–社会型:强调对人的热爱社会型强调对人的热爱–政治型:重视拥有权力的影响力宗教型关心对宇宙整体的理解和体验的融合–宗教型:关心对宇宙整体的理解和体验的融合Milton Rokeach价值观调查(Rokeach valuesurvey))–工具价值观:偏爱的行为方式或实现终极价值观的手段–终极价值观:个体希望一生去实现的目标启示:终极价值观Source: M. Rokeach, The Nature of Human Values (New York: The Free ,)Press, 1973).工具价值观Source: M. Rokeach, The Nature of Human Values (New York: The Free ,)Press, 1973).态度决定一切?“态度决定一切”?态度的概念⏹个体对所处环境中的人物、事情及其它客体比较持久个体对所处环境中的人物事情及其它客体较持久的认知、情感和倾向性。

反映个人对人物、事物、客体的心理感受。

不仅可以影响个人的行为而且也可以决定个人⏹不仅可以影响一个人的行为,而且也可以决定一个人的生活方式。

认知成分:是指个体对某种事物或对象的看法、评价以及带有评价意义的叙述。

信念、观点、知识、和信息的组成。

态度的情感成分:是指个体由认知而产生的对态度对象的种情绪情感体验即态度中的情绪和感受部对象的一种情绪情感体验,即态度中的情绪和感受部分态度的意向成分:个体对态度对象的反映倾向,是行为的准备状态,即准备对态度对象做出某种反应态度成分与态度形成●服从阶段:个体为了获得奖酬或免受惩罚,按照社会的要求、个体为了获得奖酬或免受惩罚,按照社会的要求集体的规范或别人的意志而采取的表面服从的行为●同化阶段:个体自觉自愿的接受别人的观点、信念、态度与行为的影响,使自己的态度和行为逐渐和他人或团体的态度相接近为的影响使自的态度和行为渐和他人或团体的态度相接近的过程●内化阶段:把情感认同的态度与自己内心的价值观融为一体,内心真正接受了新观点、新情感,彻底形成了新态度内心真正接受了新观点新情感彻底形成了新态度分析:三个工人1–9态度理论A B态度理论:A-B 关系理论现在的研究表明,如果考虑到一些调节变量,态度attitudes (A)可以有力的预测行为behaviors (B)。

态度理论:自我知觉理论Self-Perception Theory 态度不是在活动之前指导行动的工具,人们在事实发生之后使用态度使发生的事实具有现实意义实具实态度理论认知失调理论(Leon Festinger)态度理论:认知失调理论(Leon Festinger)一般结论:人们总是寻求态度之间的一致性以及态度和行为之间的一致性。

行为之间的致性个体试图消除态度的分歧并保持态度和行为的协调一致,以便使自己表现出理性和一致性致以便使自己表现出理性和致性认知失调理论:任何形式的不一致都是不舒服的,个体将试图去减少这种不协调或不舒服不充足理由律当个体行为的改变没有充足的外在理由时,就会寻找内在的理由——改变自己的态度、兴趣、爱好、观念等改励真改–对态度改变的奖励越大,就越不可能出现态度的真正改变–外在理由越少,内在理由的需求就越大,让人们构想出他们自己的内在理由,是帮助人们形成一系列永久行为准则的重要一步–如果一个人为达到某个目的付出了很大努力,则此目的对此人的吸引力比那些花很少努力就能达到同样目的的人更大例子–店主如何提高工作满意度------理论工作满意度的双因素理论–保健因素----不满意–激励因素----满意工作满意度价值理论–取决于价值判断工作满意度工作特征模型–喜欢不喜欢工作是一贯的工作满意度社会信息加工理论–人们根据他们接触到的其他人提供的社会线索来采取相应的工作态度感受工作满意度工作满意度的测量–单一整体评估—多要素综合平分法 影响因素(价值理论)–工作的挑战性–报酬的公平性–工作环境的支持性–同事关系–个性与工作的匹配第三讲个体特征与行为管理价值观、态度与员工满意度管理 人格差异与行为管理能力差异与行为管理笑:如何挑选服务员?一笑:如何挑选服务员?个性理论个性及其决定以因素特征论:个性主要依赖于遗传因素–卡特尔埃克森人本主义/社会学习(认知)论:取决于毕生经验人本义社会学习认知论取决于毕验–马斯洛罗杰斯班杜拉精神分析论:取决于早期的童年经验–弗洛伊德Type theory类型论T th---theory of body体形论---theory of psychological types心理类型论theory of psychological types特质论遗传因素强调个性特征的稳定性和跨情景性–三国时的刘劭在《人物志》一书中,根据不同的行为特征,把人划分为12种类型,即强毅之人、柔顺之种类型即强毅之人柔顺之人、雄悍之人、惧慎之人、凌楷之人、辩博之人、弘普之人、狷介之人、休动之人、沉静之人、朴露弘普之人狷介之人休动之人沉静之人朴露之人、韬谲之人。

并且把这种外部表现概括为神、精筋骨气色仪容言九个特征精、筋、骨、气、色、仪、容、言九个特征。

–卡特尔分为16种个性类型MBTI能量心理能量的走向外倾性(Extraversion )倾向于从外在世界的人们、活动或事件中获得能量内倾性(Introversion )倾向于从自己内心的想法、情感和感想中获得能量感知的法感觉(Sensing )偏过种感信息关事实认识外界的方法偏好通过五种感觉获取信息,关注事实直觉(iNtuition )偏好通过第六感获取信息,关注可能性决策依赖什么做决定思维(Thinking )倾向于从逻辑的、客观的角度处理信息做出决策F li 情感(Feeling )倾向于从个人的、基于价值观的角度处理信息做出决策生活判断生活方式处世态度(Judging )偏好过一种有计划、有条理的生活知觉(Perceiving )偏好过一种自然随意灵活的生活偏好过种自然随意、灵活的生活大五人格模型维度The Big Five Model of Personality Dimensions外向Extroversion喜欢群处、善于社交和自我决断Sociable, gregarious, and assertive随和性Agreeableness热情、合作和信任他人Good-natured, cooperative, and trusting.责任心Conscientiousness负责任、值得信赖、有条不紊和持之以恒Responsible,负责任值得信赖有条不紊和持之以恒Responsible dependable, persistent, and organized.情绪稳定Emotional Stability y平和、自信和安全的Calm, self-confident, secure (positive) versus nervous, depressed, and insecure (negative).经验的开放性Openness to Experience富有创性具有术性敏和聪g,,富有创造性、具有艺术性、敏感和聪慧Imaginativeness, artistic, sensitivity, and intellectualism.影响OB的主要人格特征Major Personality Attributes Influencing OB核心自我评价控制点Locus of control马基雅维里主义Machiavellianism自尊Self-esteemS lf t自我监控Self-monitoring g冒险性Risk takingA型人格Type A personality人格差异与管理 大五模型工作表现MBTI应用管理者个性(职业风格类型)⏹管理者个性理论:⏹工匠型丛林斗型⏹丛林斗士型⏹-狮型斗士⏹-狐型斗士⏹企业人⏹赛手型测量的方法–自陈式量表–投射测验•罗夏克墨迹图10张•主题统觉看图说话•二十问法第三讲个体特征与行为管理价值观、态度与员工满意度管理 人格差异与行为管理能力差异与行为管理引例“一样米养百样人”组织行为学在很大程度上是对企业中各不相同的人员的心理行为规律的系统研究。

组织中的人的两重性–普通人•完整的个体–组织人•被组织SHAPE,群体化和社会化的特征管理者能力能力个体能够成功完成工作中各项任务的可能性多元智力Multiple Intelligences认为智力包括4个亚成分:认知的、社会的、情绪的和文化的.心理能力的维度Intellectual Ability•算术Number aptitude言语理解Verbal comprehension •Verbal comprehension•知觉速度Perceptual speed•归纳推理Inductive reasoning演绎推理Deductive reasoning •Deductive reasoning•空间视知觉Spatial visualization•记忆力MemoryE X H I B I T 2–1Ability and Selection能力与选拔Ability and Selection 情绪智力EmotionalEmotional IntelligenceEmotional Intelligence (EI)–Self-awareness 属于一种非认知的技能、潜能和素质范畴,它影自我意识–自我管理Self-management–自我激励Self-motivation响到一个人能否成功地面对环境的–移情Empathy–社会技能Social skillsR h Fi di研究表明Research Findings –高成就的典型特点是高情商而不是高智力能力测试–目的:把人的能力用数量化的方法精确的表达出来–使用的工具:按照标准化程序编制的量表。

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