2013年高考英语虚拟语气复习之终极版

--- Yes, but I _____ busy doing my homework. A. had it been … was B. if it was … were C. if it had been … had been D. if it were … would be
问句中用的是虚拟语气，主句用 would have called, 从句 中与过去相反的动词形式为 had done；答句中表示的是真 实的情况，所以该用陈述语气。
2. 在某些动词后的宾语从句中需用should+动词 原形的虚拟语气形式。“should”可以省略。 常见的动词有:一个坚持insist; 两个命令order, command ; 三条建议suggest , advise, propose; 四项要求demand, request, require, ask; 另外 有:prefer 注意: suggest表 暗示表明 时 insist表坚持说时不 用虚拟语气
（2）从句表示与过去事实相反，谓语动词 用“had+过去分词”。 如：
He talks about Rome as if he had been there before． 他说起罗马来好像他以前去过罗马似的。 The girl listened as if she had been turned to stone． 那女孩倾听着，一动也不动，像已经变 成了石头似的。
三、主语从句中的虚拟语气
主语从句用虚拟语气的句式主要有三种： 1．在It is important/necessary that… 等主语从句中，从句谓语动词用should＋ 动词原形。should此时表达“应该”的意 思。
2．在It is amazing (strange, surprising, astonishing, a pity, a shame) that从句中有 时也用should，此时表示说话人的惊异、 懊悔、失望等情感，常含有“竟然”之意。
should+动词原形 would +动词原形 could +动词原形 might +动词原形
考题点击： 1. I am not free today. If I ___free today , I __ and B visit some of my friends . A. am will go B. were , would go C. shall be D. be , must go 2. If my lawyer ___ here last Saturday, he __ me from A going . A. had been , would have prevented B. had been, would prevent C. were, would prevent D. were, would have prevented 3.If I were to see Tom, what ___ you ___ me to tell C him? A. are ,going to ask B. do , ask C. would , ask D. did, ask
It seems as if it is raining。外面看起来象是下雨了。 （确实是下雨了） It seems as if it were raining。外面看起来好像下雨 一样。（虚拟语气，像，其实并没有下雨）
as if 从句用陈述语气的情况。 当说话者 认为句子所述的是真实的或极有可能发生 或存在的事实时。 如： It sounds as if it is raining． 听起来像是在下雨。 He talks as if he is drunk． 从他谈话的样子来看他是醉了。 It seems as if our team is going to win． 看来我们队要胜了。
考题点击：
A 1. His suggestion that you _____ once more sounds reasonable.
A. try B. triesvice that they ____ each other. C A. helped B. must help C.help D.had helped
二、宾语从句中的虚拟语气
1.wish后面宾语从句中的虚拟语气，表示 难以实现的愿望。其表达形式一般是将从句的谓 语动词退后一个时态。例如: 1)与现在事实相反 : wish + (that)+did(were)
I wish I were as healthy as you. I wish that I had a plane. 2)与过去事实相反 : wish + (that)+had done I wish I had been to the concert last night. I wish you had written to him. 3)与将来事实相反 : wish + would/could/might+do I wish he would forgive me.
as if 从句用虚拟语气的情况。 当说话人认为句 子所述的是不真实的或极少有可能发生或存在的 情况时。从句虚拟语气动词时态的形式如下：
（1）如果从句表示与现在事实相反，谓语动词 用一般过去时。 如： You look as if you didn’ t care． 你看上去好像并不在乎。 He talks as if he knew where she was． 他说话的样子，好像他知道她在哪里似的。
1.考题点击：根据汉语提示完成下列句子 1. It is necessary that I __________ (return) should return it right now. 我有必要马上把它还回去。 2. It's strange that he __________ (be) so should be rude. 他竟如此无礼，真是奇怪。 3. It was ordered that the room (should) be cleaned ________________ (clean)． 按要求这间房要打扫。
2.和过去的事实相反
时态
从 句
主 句
表 示 过 去
should+have+过去分词 had + would +have+过去分词 过去分词 could +have+过去分词 might +have+过去分词
3.和将来的事实相反
时态
从 句
主 句
表 示 将 来
1)were to +动词原形 2)should +动词原形 3)动词过去式
（3）从句表示与将来事实相反，谓语动 词用“would/could/might+动词原形”。 如：
He opened his mouth as if he would say something． 他张开嘴好像要说什么。 It looks as if it might snow． 看来好像要下雪了。
He ordered that the students (should) wash the clothes every week by themselves. The doctor suggested that she (should) have an operation at once.
1.考题点击： 1.I went to bed early last night,but I wish I B so. A. didn’t do B. hadn’t done C.haven’t done D. couldn’t do 2.How I wish every family ____a large house B with a beautiful garden. A.has B.had C.will had D.had had 3. The teacher ordered that students_______. B A. mustn’t smoke B. not smoke C. smoked D. had smoked 4.The teacher demanded that the work _____ before D 4 o’clock. A. finished B. finish C. should finish D. be finished
It's a pity that he failed the exam. 他考试没及格，真是遗憾。 It's a pity that he should have failed the exam. 他考试竟没及格，真是遗憾。
3．It is (was) ordered (suggested, required, requested) that从句中，从句谓 语动词用should＋动词原形。should此时 表达“应该”的意思。
A 3.My suggestion is that a few more people ___ there
to help me. A. be sent B. have sent C. sent D. should sent
五、状语从句中的虚拟语气
1、用在由as if,as though引导的状语从句中，表 示和现在事实相反或对现在的怀疑，用过去时； 表示过去想象中的动作或情况，用过去完成时; 表示将来用would + 动词原形。 It seems as if the man were his brother. This device operated as though it had been repaired.
四、表语从句、同位语从句中的虚拟语气
在 suggestion, proposal, idea, plan, order, advice ,