2012综合英语考纲与样题

湖北文理学院专升本《综合英语》考试大纲一、考试目的该课程的考试目的是考核学生运用各项英语基本技能的能力以及学生对语法知识和词语用法的掌握程度，既测试学生的综合能力，也测试学生的单项技能。

二、考试范围考试的范围包括基础阶段综合英语教学大纲所规定的内容三、考试形式为了较好地考核学生运用各项基本技能的能力，既照顾到科学性、客观性，又照顾到可行性以及基础阶段英语水平测试的特点，同时为确保试卷的信度，本考试除写作及翻译部分为主观试题外，其余多采用多项选择题形式。

主观试题部分旨在较好地测试学生灵活运用语言的能力，从而提高试卷的效度。

四、考试内容试题由六个部分组成：一、语法及词汇二、完形填空三、阅读理解四、翻译五、写作1. 语法及词汇：测试学生运用词汇、短语、语法结构以及基本语法概念的能力。

题型：本部分分为三节：Section A、Section B和Section CSection A 词形转换。

根据要求填写正确的词形Section B 多项选择。

每题有四个选项。

题目中约50％为词汇、词组和短语的用法，约50％为语法知识Section C 改错。

每题有四个选项，指出需要改正的一项。

2. 完形填空测试学生运用语言的综合能力。

要求考生在全面理解所给短文内容的基础上选择一个最佳答案使短文意思通顺，结构完整。

题型：本题为多项选择题。

在一篇250词左右、题材熟悉、难度中等的短文中留有二十个空白。

每个空白为一题，每题有四个选项。

填空的词包括结构词和实义词。

3. 阅读理解阅读理解部分是测试学生通过阅读获取信息的能力。

既要求准确，也要求有一定的速度。

快速阅读部分是测试学生通过快速阅读获取信息的能力。

既要求快速，也要求正确。

题型：本题共有数篇短文。

每篇短文后有若干道多项选择题。

考生应根据文章内容从每题四个选择项中选出一个最佳答案。

4. 翻译测试学生在基础阶段的基本翻译能力。

要求读懂英语国家出版物中的中等难度的文章和材料，并在理解的基础上对其进行翻译，要求译文忠实于原文，表达流畅。

题型：本题分两节，汉译英和英译汉汉译英：句子翻译。

要求句型正确，选词恰当，拼写无误。

英译汉：段落翻译。

要求译文忠实于原文，表达流畅。

5. 写作测试学生在基础阶段用英语书面表达思想的能力。

要求根据所给题目和列出的写作提纲写一篇120词左右的短文。

能做到内容切题、完整、条理清楚，文章结构严谨，语法正确，语言通顺恰当。

五、命题要求试题应涉及基础阶段所学内容。

难易程度分值比例基本控制在60%的题量测试基础知识；30%属于中等难度的题目，主要测试学生的语言理解和表达能力。

10%属于高难度的题目，主要测试学生的语言运用能力。

六、考试方法为：闭卷笔试。

考试时间：120分钟。

七、主要参考书目a)综合英语教程1—4册。

邹为诚主编。

高等教育出版社，2005年版。

b)新编英语教程1—4册。

李观仪编，上海外语教育出版社，2001年版。

c) 综合教程1-4册。

何兆熊主编，上海外语教育出版社，2005年版。

湖北文理学院专升本《综合英语》考试样卷单位准考证号姓名I. Grammar and Vocabulary (30 points)Section A （10 points, 1 point for each）Directions: Complete each of the following sentences with the correct form of the italicized word on the left of each sentence.1. large The factory is being _________to make room for more machinery.2. efficient Y ou will increase your ________ if you introduce more system intoyour work.3. cruel _________ to children or animals is a crime in many countries.4.appear If you use this chemical to clean your shirt, the stains will________immediately.5. understand John and Mary had a ____________,but they have made it up now .6. health The children looked wonderfully __________with their bright eyesand glowing cheeks.7. please The success of the experiment was a great _______ and encouragementto the young scientists.8. eager She could not conceal her _______________ for praise.9. construction The old professor made a number of very ___________suggestionsconcerning soil conservation in the area.10. curious Looking up, I saw his eyes fixed on me in _______________. Section B. （10 points, 0.5 point for each）Directions: For each of the following blanks, four choices are given. Choose the most appropriate one.11. Don’t________ to let me know if there is anything I can do for you.A. rejectB. preventC. hesitate D .refuse12. Let’s hang up some paintings on these________ walls.A. bare B .empty C. blank D. vacant13. At the conference he expressed some personal views which later brought him into______with the Party leadership.A. actionB. crisisC. conflictD. power14. He wrote the book in ____ with his wife.A. proportionB. installmentC. correspondenceD. collaboration15. The electric fan does not work because of the ____of service.A. pauseB. breakC. interruptionD. breakdown16. Nancy was surprised that they have _____. They seemed to be a happy couple.A. split upB. broken downC. fallen throughD. knocked out17. Unfortunately, very few sheep________ the severe winter last year.A. survivedB. enduredC. spentD. remained alive18. They discussed the problem three or four times, but could come to no ____.A. endB. conclusionC. resultD. judgment19. The eldest child is thoroughly ____ because they always give him whatever he wants.A. wastedB. spoiledC. destroyedD. uneducated20. —Can you take the day off tomorrow？—Well, I’ll have to get ____ from my boss.A. permissionB. permitC. allowanceD. possession21. They overcame all the difficulties and fulfilled the plan ten days ahead of schedule________was something we had not expected.A .that B. this C. it D. which22. Bob tried in vain to trick his little brother______ some money from their mother’spurse.A. to stealB. to stealing C .into steal D. into stealing23. I was________ to find his article on such an________ topic so________.A. surprised, excited, bored B .surprising, exciting, boringC. surprised, exciting, boringD. surprising, excited, boring24. The coat I bought yesterday is not expensive at all. As a matter of fact, I wouldgladly have paid ____ for it.A. as much twiceB. much as twiceC. as twice muchD. twice as much25. _______a professor of physics at Massachusetts Institute of Technology, EdwardCharles Pickering established the first physics laboratory in the United States.A. WhileB. Being C .Although D. He was26. If you have never planted anything, you won't be able to know the pleasure of watching the thing you have planted .A. to growB. growC. growingD. to be growing27. The two boys had so ________ in common that they soon become good friends.A. littleB. fewC. muchD. many28. As fuel prices rose, bus companies raised their fares and ________A. so did the airlinesB. nor did the airlinesC. so airlines didD. nor the airlines did29. ______ mainly for the invention of the telephone, Alexander Graham Bell devoted his life to helping the deaf.A. He is rememberedB. To rememberC. While rememberingD. Though remembered30. If Dorothy had not been badly hurt in a car accident, ________in last month’smarathon race.A. she would participateB. she might participateC. would have participated D .she must have participatedSection C (10 points ,1 point for each)Directions: Each of the following sentences has four parts underlined and marked A, B, C and D. You are to identify the one that needs correction.31. Nancy had a great deal of trouble to concentrate on her work because ofA B Cthe noise in the next room.D32. I remember to see that American naturalist two years ago in India at theA B C Ddinner party given by Mr. and Mrs. Wynnes.33. No matter whatever happens, we’re determined to do our best and makeA B Cthe experiment a success.D34. l can't get my car started now. Something must have gone wrongly with theA B C Dengine.35.Jeremy is such a careless person that he has five wallets stolen by pickpocketsA B C Dthis year.36. Don't take for granted that all those who score high in the entrance examinationsA B Cwill prove to be the most competent at college.D37. The elderly lawyer thinks it good for his health to walk up the stairs to his officeA Bon the fifth floor instead of to take the elevator.C D38. Most of the freshmen in our college have made far more greater progress inA B Ctheir study of English than we first expected.D39. Dr. Nolen was honest enough to admit to make errors in judgment on more than one occasion.A B C D40. Our history professor is such a knowledgeable person that it seems there isn’tA Bnothing which he does not know.C DII. Cloze (10 points, 0.5 point for each)Directions: Fill in each of the numbered blanks with the best of the four choices given.Earthquakes have (1)______ our lives for as long as people have inhabited the Earth. These dangerous acts of the Earth have (2)______ great danger to human beings.Earthquake damage (3)_____ what area is hit. If an unpopulated region is (4)____, there will be low loss of life or property. If it hits a large city which is (5)_____ populated, there may be serious injuries and destruction.Earthquakes have the power to uproots trees and send them (6)_____ into buildings. They can trigger landslides and cause flooding and tsunamis. Buildings and structures are also (7)_____. It is interesting to note that tall buildings will suffer(8)_____ damage if they are located directly at the epicenter. This is because they can(9)_____ the up-and-down motion of P-waves. S-waves. On the other hand, occur far away from the epicenter, and cause the greatest stress (10)______ shaking buildings from side to side. These buildings are often (11)____ their foundations.Buildings with thick, heavy walls do not resist shock waves well. Violent earthquakes often cause structures to (12)_____, burying people underneath. Brick buildings are the most (13)_____. The shaking of the earth is sometimes not the greatest disaster. It is in the (14)_____ fires and floods that often the greatest damage (15)_____.Predicting an earthquake until now has almost been technologically (16)______. With improvements in technology, lives have been saved and many more (17)______. All that (18)______ is to research what takes place before, during, and after an earthquake. This has been done for years (19)____ the points that a successful earthquake prediction is theoretically possible. However, (20)_____ prediction of earthquake may take more years.1. A. blamed B. plagued C. imposed D. blessed2. A. held on B. kept to C. resulted in D. pointed out3. A. depends on B. catches on C. carries on D. draws on4. A. stung B. struck C. scratched D. stuck5. A. largely B. enormously C. densely D. vastly6. A. clashing B. clamming C. cracking D. crashing7. A. at risk B. at peace C. at best D. at length8. A. the real B. the less C. the least D. the most9. A. transform B. undergo C. withdraw D. withstand10. A. by B. to C. with D. on11. A. knocked out B. knocked off C. knocked over D. knocked down12. A. vanish B. collapse C. collide D. confront13. A. dependable B. valuable C. favorable D. vulnerable14. A. constant B. consistent C. Subsequent D. frequent15. A. allows B. appears C. rewards D. occurs16. A. positive B. impossible C. possible D. Impressive17. A. will B. shall C. have D. can18. A. represents B. reflects C. remains D. reminds19. A. on B. at C. in D. to20. A. adequate B. absolute C. significant D. accurateIV. Reading comprehension (30 points, 2 points for each) ) Centuries ago, man discovered that removing moisture from food helps to preserve it, and that the easiest way to do this is to expose the food to sun and wind. In this way the North American Indians produce pemmican (dried meat ground into powder and made into cakes), the Scandinavians make stockfish and the Arabs dried dates and "apricot leather".All foods include water – cabbage and other leaf vegetables contain as much as 93% water, potatoes and other root vegetables 80%, lean meat 75% and fish, anything from 80% to 60%, depending on how fatty it is. If this water is removed, the activity of the bacteria which cause food to go bad is checked.Fruit is sun-dried in Asia Minor, Greece, Spain and other Mediterranean countries, and also in California, South Africa and Australia. The methods used vary, but in general, the fruit is spread out on trays in drying yards in the hot sun. In order to prevent darkening, pears, peaches and apricots are exposed to the fumes of burning sulfur before drying. Plums, for making prunes, and certain varieties of grapes for making raisins and currants, are dipped in an alkaline solution in order to crack the skins of the fruit slightly and remove their wax coating, so as to increase the rate of drying.Nowadays most foods are dried mechanically. The conventional method of such dehydration is to put food in chambers through which hot air is blown at temperatures of about 110℃ at entry to about 43℃ at exit. This is the usual method for drying such things as vegetables, minced meat, and fish.Liquids such as milk, coffee, tea, soups and eggs may be dried by pouring them over a heated steel cylinder by spraying them into a chamber through which a current of hot air passes. In the first case, the dried material is scraped off the roller as a thin film which is then broken up into small, though still relatively coarse flakes. In the second process it falls to the bottom of the chamber as a fine powder. Where recognizable pieces of meat and vegetables are required, as in soup, the ingredientsare dried separately and then mixed.Dried foods take up less room and weigh less than the same food packed in cans or frozen, and they do not need to be stored in special conditions. For these reasons they are invaluable to the climbers, explorers and soldiers in battle, who have little storage space. They are also popular with housewives because it takes so little time to cook them. Usually it is just a case of replacing the dried-out moisture with boiling water.1. The open-air method of drying food ___.A. is the one most commonly used todayB. was invented by the American IndiansC. has been known for hundreds of yearsD. tends to be unhygienic2. Bacteria which cause food to go bad ___.A. cannot live in sunlightB. are killed by dryingC. are in no way dependent on the water contentD. have their activity greatly reduced by drying3. Nowadays vegetables are most commonly dried ___.A. on horizontal cylindersB. in hot-air chambersC. in the sun and windD. using the open tray method4. Dried foods ___.A. are often packed in cans or frozenB. are used by soldiers and climbersC. need more storage space than soldiers usually have availableD. are much cheaper than canned or frozen products5. Housewives like dried foods because they ___.A. are quick to prepareB. taste betterC. can be preserved by boiling in waterD. look fresh and appetizing when cookedPassage BDisneyland, Knott’s Berry Farm, magic Mountain, the state Fair, amusement parks… all of these are great family destinations, yet the cost of the admission ticket alone can put a severe crimp in the family budget. Once at the park, children are so tempted by the wide array of food and choices that a day intended for family fun can sometimes turn into an unpleasant nag fest. While it is a parent’s job to say ―no‖at appropriated times, saying no during a special day intended for family togetherness can definitely diminish the fun for both adult and child.When our children were in early elementary school, we came up with a plan that took the ―yes‖ and ―no‖ spending decision out of our hands, and placed it into theirs.We were off to Disneyland, and during previous visits our son would badger us for a treat each time we passed a vendor, or nagged us to buy souvenirs from the various shops. Before going to the amusement park, we told our children how muchwe could afford to spend for the day. We then explained that we could be giving them each their share of the money, and it would be totally their decision how to spend it. The money would cover any of the day’s food, beverages or souvenirs. If they wanted to spend the entire amount on frozen bonanzas, that was their choice. But once their portion was gone, it was gone.To avoid the possibility of our children losing their money, we placed their funds in separate envelopes, and I offered to keep it for them. Whenever they wanted to buy something, they just needed to ask for the money.It was interesting how differently our two children budgeted their portion. Our daughter, who is three years younger than her brother, and was barely old enough to add, breezed through the day. At lunch time, she allotted money for her food and beverage, and managed to buy a sack and souvenirs. Our son, who usually found something he had to have at every corner, turned into a nervous miser. At lunch time, he wouldn’t even splurge for a soda, and when he saw something he wanted to buy, he studies it until he decided he didn’t need it.By the end of the day, our daughter had spent her share, and seemed quite pleased with the choices she’s made. Our son, who had spent very little, was suddenly frantic to buy something (anything) with his remaining cash. I felt a little sorry for him, because while we (as parents) had an enjoyable day, free from the responsibility of monitoring our children’s spending, his day was spent dealing with the consequences of his choices.6. The author is concerned about ______ in the passage.A. spending responsibilityB. the cost of the admission ticketC. the family budgetD. great family destinations7. According to the author, the best way to reduce the family’s spending while going out to have fun is that _____.A. parents decide what to buy for their childrenB. parents say ―no‖ whenever their children ask to buy somethingC. children themselves decide to buy whatever they wantD. children are allotted a sum of money and they decide what to buy8. While in Disney land, what did the author’s son do with his own money?A. He was hesitant to spend his own money.B. He managed to buy things at every corner.C. He was happy and free with his money.D. He used up his money quickly and asked for money again.9. Which of the following is Not true, according to the story?A. Both of the parents had an enjoyable day.B. Both parents and children learned something about how to spend money.C. Both parents and children learned something about how to spend money.D. Both the son and daughter had spent all their money.10. What do you think is the tone in which the author has described his son?A. RegretB. ReliefC. WorryD. Approval Passage COne of the aims of teaching science is, through learning, to enable students to develop a complete personality by creativity, honesty, eagerness to acquire knowledge, freedom of speech and thought, and critical assessment. This is an ambitious aim which we unfortunately, rarely consider. During teaching we devote our attention more to the content rather than the aims. We thus see that science is one of the school subjects least favored by students.The emotional elements of music, dancing, painting, poetry and drama have a strong emotional impact on students. For science to evoke the same feelings, it should be taught with the help of the expressive arts. Unlike traditional didactic approaches, drama also offers a synthesis of visual, kinetic and auditory experiences, apart from the understanding of facts and figures as a result of rational and analytical perception. Drama and other artistic activities can assist in reaching the cognitive goals of the curriculum, as they effective means of motivation. Isn’t there a better chance that students who have developed a love for science will learn it more easily? Science too can be aesthetic, creative and emotional.By using drama techniques, we facilitate collaboration between the left and right hemispheres of the brain, whereas traditional techniques of teaching science stress only the use of abilities found in the left hemisphere—that is, the analytical perception of scientific notions and phenomena. We allow students to engage in the learning process as full personalities with all their knowledge and abilities. Thus we develop not only logical and mathematical intelligence, but also a wider spectrum of the students’ abilities. Our educational experience is largely based on a linear perception of the subject. As students, we have not been used to developing ways of creative and intuitive thinking, especially in scientific subjects. This is why combing expressive arts with science is accepted with difficulty by many.When using drama in teaching science, we meet paradoxes which can, on the one hand, make the use of drama unsuccessful, and, on the other hand, enable the knowledge of science to be integrated into society and social phenomena that is life in general. Science is taught on the basis of scientific discoveries—laws and explanations of phenomena which are clearly defined and allow no individual or sociological interpretations. Drama, however, is based on developing imagination and different individual interpretations of the same event. Stealing a wallet, for example, will be interpreted as something negative by the owner and as something positive by the pickpocket. Drama broadens our imagination, science is said to narrow it. When observing traditional didactic forms of teaching science, we see that students are required to understand very abstract notions. The notion of the atom or the molecule is demonstrated by concrete means including symbols, various types of atom and molecule models, sketches, experiments, photographs and animated films. These help students to develop their imagination and conceptions which can, individually, be very different despite the fact that they were all taught with the same techniques and materials.These differences arise from the differences in students’personalities. We must take into account that students have different sensory abilities. They receive information through visual, auditory and kinetic channels of perception with differentintensity. They also have different intellectual abilities. Thus it is easy for some students to logically combine scientific laws with scientific phenomena or visualize what the latter looks like.11. The fact that students dislike science class is because science classes _____.A. develop student’s personality by creativityB. don’t have freedom of speechC. concentrate more on knowledge than the development of personalityD. concentrate more on facts than critical assessment12. Which of the following statements is NOT true?A. Students find less difficulty in learning science through expressive artsB. Expressive arts used in learning science can involve both hemispheres of the brainC. Traditional techniques of learning science mainly involve the use of lefthemisphereD. A large part of educational experience is based on a linear perception of thesubject13. A suitable title for the passage can be ―_____‖.A. Teach Science through DramaB. Developing Students’ ImaginationC. Expressive Arts in the Science ClassroomD. Creative Ways of Teaching Science14. The researcher’s aim is to _____.A. facilitate students’ learning by stimulating an emotional responseB. use drama to teach scienceC. develop students’ knowledge and abilities through reviewD. make it easier for students to understand some abstract concepts15. According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?A. Traditional teaching methods expect students to love abstract concepts.B. The new approach to teaching doesn’t teach abstract conceptsC. The new approach addresses many different learning stylesD. Didactic methods teach knowledge, not abilityIV. Translation (15 points)Section A: Translate the following sentences into English (10 points, 2 points for each)1. 医生能找到感染的原因吗？(track down)2. 体育锻炼不仅有益于学生的身体，还有助于他们的心智。