2013公司理财
《公司理财》课程案例教学刍议
《公司理财》课程案例教学刍议摘要:本文对案例教学的概念、优点进行了分析,并以《公司理财》课为例,介绍了其案例教学的设计以及实施细节,最后对案例教学法的局限性及需要注意的问题进行了总结。
关键词:公司理财;案例教学;研究中图分类号:g712 文献标识码:a 文章编号:1001-828x(2013)08-0-01案例教学法是一种以案例为基础的教学(case-basedteaching),教师于教学中扮演着设计者和激励者的角色,鼓励学生积极参与讨论,不像是传统的教学方法,教师是一位很有学问的人,扮演着传授知识者角色。
案例教学法起源于1920年代,由美国哈佛商学院所倡导,当时是采取一种很独特的案例型式的教学,这些案例都是来自于商业管理的真实情境或事件,透过此种方式,有助于培养和发展学生主动参与课堂讨论,实施之后,颇具绩效。
这种案例教学法到了1980年代,才受到师资培育的重视,尤其是1986年美国卡内基小组(carnegie task force)提出《准备就绪的国家:二十一世纪的教师》(a nation prepared:teachers for the 2lst century)的报告书中,特别推荐案例教学法在师资培育课程的价值,并将其视为一种相当有效的教学模式,而国内教育界开始探究案例教学法,适于上世纪90年代中后期。
一、案例教学的优点1.理论联系实际,可以加深对理论的理解。
案例是生活中发生的真实事例,案例的解读过程就像在通过故事说道理一样,浅显易懂。
2.实用性强、培养实践能力与感觉。
从案例中总结的一些结论、经验用在相似的情境中,大致可以收到类似效果。
3.了解行业知识,有利于扩展知识。
在案例讨论过程中,每一个案例都包含有各行业的知识,都能让参与者知道一些各个行业的知识。
4.互动性强,师生共同参与课堂教学。
传统的教学方式,只是教师在台上讲,学生在台下听,没有互动,而案例教学法能培养双方交流沟通能力,创造合作沟通机会。
2013公司理财考题及答案
一、单选题1. 以下哪个例子表现了在商业领域所使用到“可疑的”道德规范?()A. 吸引和保持新客户B. 雇佣和留住技术人员C. 紧跟行业竞争D. 与有“可疑的”道德规范的公司做交易E. 以上都说法都不正确2. 以下哪项工作可以减少股东与债权人的代理冲突()A. 在公司债券合同中包含限制性的条款B. 向经理提供大量的股票期权C. 通过法律使得公司更容易抵制敌意收购D. B和C是正确的E. 以上所有都是正确的3. 上市公司在考虑股东利益时追求的主要目标应该是()A. 预期的总利润最大化B. 预期的每股收益(EPS)最大化C. 亏损机会最小化D. 每股股价最大化4. 公司X和Y的信息如下:公司X比公司Y有较高的期望收益率,公司X比公司Y有较低的标准差,公司X比公司Y有较高的贝塔系数。
根据这些信息,以下哪种陈述是最正确的()A. 公司X比公司Y有较低的变异系数B. 公司X比公司Y有更多的公司特有的风险C. 公司X的股票比公司Y的股票更值得购买D. A和B是正确的E. A,B,和C是正确的5. 在进行资本预算分析计算加权平均资本成本时,以下那项不被列入资本要素部分?()A. 长期负债B. 普通股C. 应付账款和利息D. 优先股6. 以下哪种说法最正确?()A. 折旧率经常会影响经营现金流,即使折旧不是一项现金费用B. 公司在做投资决策时应该将沉没成本列入考虑范围中C. 公司在做投资决策时应该将机会成本列入考虑范围中D. 说法A和C是正确的E. 以上的说法都是正确的7. 一家公司正在考虑一个新项目。
公司的财务总监计划通过WACC折现相关的现金流来计算项目的净现值(其中,现金流包括初始投资成本,经营现金流以及项目终结时的现金流)。
以下的哪种因素会在估计相关的现金流时列入财务总监的考虑范畴?()A. 任何与项目相关的沉没成本B. 任何与项目相关的利息费用C. 任何与项目相关的机会成本D. 说法B和C是正确的E. 以上的说法都是正确的8. 以下哪项是Bev’sBeverageInc.公司在评估橘子水项目时必须考虑的?()A. 公司两年前花费$300,000来修复它在辛辛那提的工厂,这些修缮是公司在另一个项目中进行的,但是该项目最终没有被实施。
公司理财第十版PPTChap006-Calc课件
6C-7
Multiple Cash Flows – Present Value Example 6.3
• Find the PV of each cash flow and add them ▪ Year 1 CF: N = 1; I/Y = 12; FV = 200; CPT PV = -178.57 ▪ Year 2 CF: N = 2; I/Y = 12; FV = 400; CPT PV = -318.88 ▪ Year 3 CF: N = 3; I/Y = 12; FV = 600; CPT PV = -427.07 ▪ Year 4 CF: N = 4; I/Y = 12; FV = 800; CPT PV = - 508.41 ▪ Total PV = 178.57 + 318.88 + 427.07 + 508.41 = 1,432.93
4,000 = 21,803.58
• Value at year 4: 1 N; 8 I/23,547.87
公司理财第十版PPTChap006-Calc
6C-4
Multiple Cash Flows – FV Example 2
• Suppose you invest $500 in a mutual fund today and $600 in one year. If the fund pays 9% annually, how much will you have in two years?
▪ Year 0 CF: 2 N; -500 PV; 9 I/Y; CPT FV = 594.05 ▪ Year 1 CF: 1 N; -600 PV; 9 I/Y; CPT FV = 654.00 ▪ Total FV = 594.05 + 654.00 = 1,248.05
公司理财第2次作业-推荐下载
内容: 采用剩余股利分配政策的优点是有利于保持理想的资金结构,降低企业的综合资金成本。 1、 错 2、 对
学员答案:2 本题得分:1
题号:5 题型:单选题(请在以下几个选项中选择唯一正确答案) 内容: 公司采用固定股利政策发放股利的好处主要表现为( ) A、降低资金成本 B、维持股价稳定 C、提高支付能力 D、实现资本保全
学员答案:B 本题得分:3
题号:6 题型:单选题(请在以下几个选项中选择唯一正确答案) 本题分数:3 内容: 认为公司分配的股利越多,公司的市场价值也就越大的股利理论是 ( ) A、所得税差异理论 B、“在手之鸟”理论 C、股利无关论 D、代理理论
学员答案:B 本题得分:3
题号:7 题型:单选题(请在以下几个选项中选择唯一正确答案) 内容: 我国上市公司不得用于支付股利的权益资金是( ) A、资本公积 B、任意盈余公积 C、法定盈余公积 D、上年未分配利润
题号:4 题型:判断题 本题分数:1
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公司理财复习题
MBA宜兴班《公司理财》期末复习题
一、判断题(判断对错,在每小题后的括号内打“√”或“×”,共10分)
二、简答题(5-6题,共30分,来自课件)
三、计算题(3-4题,共45分,从以下内容中选择原题,必须全部做作为作业上交)
1、光明公司2013年的筹资计划方案已经制定,预计筹资总额5000万元,根据董事会的决策,计划使用:银行借款、发行债券、发行普通股三种形式,所得税率25%,有关筹资方案的资料如下:
要求:(1)计算四种筹资形式的个别资本成本?
(2)计算综合资本成本?
注:使用面值法,即筹资额使用面值计算面值。
2、光明公司有一个建设项目,现有两个投资方案可供选择,如果两方案的寿命期均为五年,项目最低收益率均为10%,有
关数据如下:
要求:(1)利用净现值方法选择较优的投资方案?
(2)利用净现值指数方法选择方案?
3、光明公司生产一种产品,该产品的计划及实际资料如下,试用因素分析法分析产量、单位产品材料消耗及材料单价变化对材料费用总额的影响。
表 1 光明公司产品生产的计划与实际统计表
4、光明公司2006-2011年的产量与资金占用量统计资料如下,通过分析发现二者之间呈现线形变化,若该公司2013年计划销售量为20万件,预测2012年资金需求量?
表1 光明公司产量与资金占用历史资料统计表
5、光明公司2012年已经完成与2013年计划销售额、变动成本、固定成本及其利润等数据如下表:
表 1 光明公司财务资料统计表单位:元
要求:(1)计算该公司息税前利润及其变动率?
(2)计算该公司的财务杠杆系数?
四、论述题
1。
筹资方面的题目
2.分配方面的题目。
公司理财考试题
《公司理财》复习题(2013年4月)一、单项选择题1、在筹资理财阶段,公司理财的重点内容是( B )。
A有效运用资金 B如何设法筹集到所需资金 C研究投资组合 D国际融资2、现代公司理财的目标是( C )。
A获利能力最大化 B偿债能力最大化 C股东财富最大化 D追求利润最大化3、由于生产经营活动的进行而引起资金不断地循环叫做(C )。
A资金运动 B财务活动 C资金周转 D资金耗费4、资产负债表为( B )。
A动态报表 B静态报表 C动态与静态相结合的报表 D既不是动态报表也不是静态报表5、资产负债表中的所有项目的“期末数”一栏,是根据( A )。
A本期有关账户的期末余额填列的 B本期有关账户的期初余额填列的C有关账户的本期借方发生额填列的 D有关账户的本期贷方发生额填列的6、下列负债中属于长期负债的是( D )。
A应付账款 B应交税金 C预计负债 D应付债券7、公司流动性最强的资产是( A )。
A货币资金 B短期投资 C应收账款 D存货8、资本公积可按法定程序经批准后( A )。
A转增资本 B弥补亏损 C用于集体福利 D用于发放优先股股利9、公司的法定盈余公积在转增资本后,一般不得低于注册资金的( C )。
A 10%B 20%C 25%D 50%10、利润表中的收入是( B )。
A按收付实现制确认的 B按权责发生制确认的 C按永续盘存制确认的 D按实地盘存制确认的11、下列各项费用中属于营业费用的有( C )。
A坏账损失 B业务招待费 C广告费 D金融机构手续费12、下列各项费用中属于财务费用的是( C )。
A广告费 B劳动保险费 C利息支出 D坏账损失13、反映公司所得与所占用的比例关系的财务指标是(B )。
A资产负债率 B资产利润率 C存货周转率 D销售利润率14、通常被用来描述一个公司经济效益高低的代表性指标是( C )。
A销售利润率 B资产负债率 C资产利润率 D成本费用利润率15、反映公司所得与所费的比例关系的财务指标是( D )。
公司理财第五版课件
School of International Trade & Economics
Professor Shao Xueyan
课程宗旨
创造财富 谋之有道 取之有术 管之有方
学习方法
学而不思则罔
思而不学则殆
选自《论语》
哈佛学生学习不是与未来就业相匹配的,他们 学的东西可能与他们将来所要做的工作完全不一样。 广泛的知识面、有专业技能、有一定的远见、有能 力在职业生涯中继续学习是哈佛对学生的培养目标。
◆ Making an outlay immediately vs. Yielding benefits in the distant future. ◆ A single large amount of outlay vs. A stream of smaller amount of cash inflows. ◆ It is difficult to withdraw from an investment. ◆ Time is vital to investment decision–making
Capital Structure
The mix of long term debt and equity financing.
Investment and Financing Decisions
The Investment Decision
Real Assets
The Financing Decision
Agency Problems
• Managers are agents for stockholders, but the managers may act in their own interests rather than maximizing value
《公司理财》教学大纲
《公司理财》课程教学大纲课程英文名称:Corporate Finance课程代码:课程性质:文化素质选修课适用专业:各专业适用总学时数:24 其中讲课学时:24 实验学时:总学分数:1编写人:刘承智审核人:廖国和一、课程简介(一)课程性质及其在课程体系中的地位《公司理财》是管理类专业的专业基础课,也是经济类专业的专业必修课。
对于非经济管理类专业而言,通过《公司理财》课程的学习,了解理财学的基本思想和原理,树立正确的理财观念,掌握基本的公司理财的方法手段,对提升学生文化素质,培养其创业思想和能力会起到重要作用。
该课程运用西方财务理论的基本立场、观点和方法,从客观资本市场现实出发,对于理财的本质及其发展规律展开深入的分析和探讨,并把它概括归纳、总结上升为理论形态。
它主要解决的是为什么要理财以及如何理财的问题,是人们认识、把握和分析理财的理论基础和基本的方法论,是一门培养理财能力非常重要的文化素质选修课。
(二)课程教学目标1、课程能力目标:能够初步利用公司理财的基本技能分析企业经营和日常生活中和财务有关的经济现象。
能够运用筹资的基本知识对企业的筹资方案进行预测、决策分析。
能够运用投资的基本知识对企业的投资方案进行预测、决策分析。
能够结合日常财务管理的具体方法对企业理财的不足之处提出管理建议。
能够阅读并对公司财务报表进行指标分析和综合分析。
2、课程知识目标:掌握公司理财的概念,财务活动、财务关系、理财基本环节的主要内容,明确理财目标的含义、特点及优缺点,并掌握其实现与协调方法。
理解各种外部环境对公司理财的影响。
明确资金时间价值各要素的实质意义,掌握并熟练运用公式。
掌握资本成本的概念、构成和作用,并能计算各种不同类型的资本成本。
掌握各种杠杆效益的原理和最佳资本结构的衡量方法。
掌握债券、股票等筹资方式的分类、基本要素及优缺点,掌握长期借款、融资租赁等筹资方式的分类、基本要素及优缺点。
理解投资决策分析中用现金流量而不用利润指标的原因。
银监发【2013】8号关于规范商业银行理财业务投资运作有关问题的通知
银监发【2013】8号关于规范商业银行理财业务投资运作有关问题的通知一个银监会八号文的解读,《规范银行理财业务投资运作》解读之一:把所有不在银行间以及交易所交易的资产统统归为非标准化债权资产,其中把部分带回购的股权以及在北金所等挂牌的统统归为非标准化,基本把信托、券商、基金、产权类交易所挂牌的所有产品纳入管理。
圈定范围广泛,前所未有。
《规范银行理财业务投资运作》解读之二:对非标准化债权分开建账,单独管理,增加管理的手续环节,并且厘清各个产品风险独立测试,对于混合打包以及资金池对接一揽子的类非标准化债权产品进行了厘清,这种厘清让银行对各个产品进行独立刻划,增加了透明度,也为信托产品等入池增加了很大难度。
《规范银行理财业务投资运作》解读之三:对以前没达到要求的进行追溯,比照自营贷款进行计提资本金以及风险资本。
这个比较狠,具有很大的惩罚性。
让以前做了不合规的付出代价。
《规范银行理财业务投资运作》解读之四:清晰化理财产品的投向,尤其是对非标准化债权投资进行披露,并且要披露给银行理财产品投资人,这个同样也比较厉害,因为目前银行理财产品通过久期以及风险溢价错配,模糊理财产品投向,从而获得高收益。
这下需要定向披露,基本在一定程度上限制了银行滥设产品.《规范银行理财业务投资运作》解读之五:理财产品等同自营贷款一样进行尽职调查、合规审查以及贷后管理,这样增加了银行投资非标的成本,对项目本体提出了更为精细的要求,同时也在某种程度上限制了一些实效性的包装产品。
《规范银行理财业务投资运作》解读之六:对非标准化理财产品进行总量控制,设置两个线35%以及总资产4%为红线,并且执行“孰低”的严格标准。
这个用双线限定了总量。
控制了量上面的风险敞口。
这也测度出了银监会对这类“类影子金融的”容忍度进行一个量的刻画。
《规范银行理财业务投资运作》解读之七:必须总行批准,也就限定了批准权。
以前很多分行可以自行进行入池业务进行了叫停。
比如工商银行,中行等很多大行分行尤其是一级大分行具有这类自主权,这次明确了权力统统上收。
2013年中国人民大学金融硕士(公司理财)考研题库
中国人民大学金融硕士+内部资料+最后押题三套卷+公共课阅卷人一对一点评=3000第二讲筹资理财习题一、名词解释1.筹资渠道2.筹资方式3.资本成本4.财务杠杆5.资本结构7.筹资费用率二、判断题1.筹资成本与筹资风险是相对应的,筹资成本相对较低,则公司筹资风险则较高;反之,筹资成本相对较高,则公司的筹资风险则较低。
()2.商业信用属免费资本。
()3.公司如果有足够的现金,那么它一定享受现金折扣获得免费信用。
()4.公司发行债券所筹资金一旦为发行企业所掌握,其使用是没有限制的。
()5.最佳资本结构是使企业筹资能力最强,财务风险最小的资本结构。
()6.直接融资是指直接从金融机构借入资金的活动。
()7.普通股筹资风险小,投资风险大。
()8.如果想享受现金折扣,选择放弃现金折扣成本高的方案;如果不想享受现金折扣,选择放弃现金折扣成本低的方案。
()9.发行普通股没有固定的利息负担,其资金成本较低。
()10.利用商业信用筹资与银行借款不同,前者不需要负担资金成本,后者肯定有利息负担。
()11.如果公司负债为零,财务杠杆系数为1。
()12.资本成本通常用筹资费加上利息之和除以筹资额的商。
()13.在计算综合资金成本时,也可按照债券、股票的市价确定其占全部资金的比重。
()14.若债券利息率、筹资费率和所得税率已确定,则公司平价发行债券债务成本率与发行债券的数额无关。
()三、单选题1.资本成本计算时要考虑所得税因素的筹资方式主要有()。
A.发行法人股B.长期借款C.发行普通股D.发行优先股2.非股份制公司筹集权益资本最主要的方式是()。
A.发行股票B.发行债券C.银行借款D.吸收直接投资3.影响发行公司债券价格的最主要因素是()。
A.票面价值B.票面利率C.债券期限D.市场利率4.采取商业信用筹资方式筹入资金的渠道是()。
A.国家财政B.银行等金融机构C.居民D其他企业5.()筹资方式资本成本高,而财务风险一般。
2013理财产品排行
2013理财产品排行(非银行理财产品排行仅供参考)抵押理财产品:五色土,房地产五类物权支持的、大额可转押资产;单笔五色土50万至5000万,期限一年,收益率年8%-15%。
(五类物权即:所有权、用益权、抵押权、占有权、质押权)。
借款人将房地产抵押登记在出借人的名下,出借人将资金交给借款人,借款人向出借人每季付息,一年还本。
到期若不能到偿债务,律师代理申请法院诉讼、执行和拍卖;借款人必须事先通过风险评级。
理财产品风险:1、房地产价格下跌一半,资不抵债;2、灾害造成房屋损坏,资不抵债;3、贷款逾期,法院怠于强制执行,短期内无法收回资金。
理财产品“3A”风险评级:对借款人进行风险评级:1、最优质的贷款,几乎无风险,为“AAA级五色土”,利率最低;2、较好的贷款,风险极小,为“AA级五色土”,利率较低;3、一般贷款,风险很小,为“A级五色土”,利率略高;对出借人进行安全评级:1、出借人要求的年息为8%-10% ,要求无风险,安全保护级别最高,为“aaa级五色土”(五色土为aaa级客户,预设了风险对冲资产,通过风险对冲,连续11年,aaa级出借人无一笔坏账。
);2、出借人要求的年息为12%,要求风险不大,安全保护级别较高,为“aa级五色土” ;3、出借人要求的年息为13%-15%,要求风险不大,安全保护级别一般,为“a 级五色土” 。
理财产品风险控制:1、合同公证(强制执行公证);2、抵押登记(抵押比例50%);3、质押登记(股权或应收账款质押);4、实际控制人担保;5、资金监督;理财产品风险评级机构:五色土:1、中国第一家抵押借贷公司,2001年成立。
2、中国第一个抵押借贷行业的金融服务商标,2004年获商标注册证。
3、中国第一家抵押借贷风险评级机构。
4、中国第一套抵押借贷行业“五W”风险分析法、“3A”风险评级体系、“3a”风险对冲资产。
5、上海最佳抵押借贷服务机构,2011年和2012年第九届和第十届上海理财博览会获评。
银行理财产品的结构分析--以2013年国有商业银行为例,不少于1000字
银行理财产品的结构分析--以2013年国有商业银行为例,不少于1000字以2013年国有商业银行为例,银行理财产品主要分为股票型、债券型、混合型和货币型四类。
不同类型产品的结构和风险程度不同,适用于不同的投资者。
1. 股票型理财产品股票型理财产品是对股票市场进行投资的产品,风险较高但收益也较高。
这类产品的结构一般包括基金、股票型债券基金以及结构型理财产品等,根据具体的投资策略和构成资产的不同,其风险和收益也不同。
股票型理财产品的基础资产一般是国内或国际股票市场的标的资产。
根据实际情况,产品可能会投资多个行业或多个国家的股票,以降低单一股票或行业风险。
这类产品的投资周期一般较长,适合长线投资者。
2. 债券型理财产品债券型理财产品是对债券市场进行投资的产品,风险相对较低但收益也较稳健。
这类产品的结构一般包括债券型基金、定向单一债券基金、可转债债券型基金以及结构型理财产品等。
基础资产为债券的债券型理财产品一般包括国家债券、地方政府债券、优质企业债券等,这些债券具有较高的资信等级和流动性。
这类产品的投资周期一般较短,适合短线投资者。
3. 混合型理财产品混合型理财产品是对股票和债券市场进行投资的产品,风险和收益相对平衡。
这类产品的结构一般包括混合型基金、灵活配置型基金以及结构型理财产品等。
基础资产既包括股票,也包括债券,以达到平衡风险和收益的目的。
这类产品的投资周期一般属于中长期,适合中长线投资者。
4. 货币型理财产品货币型理财产品是对货币市场进行投资的产品,风险较低但收益也较低。
这类产品的结构一般包括货币基金、活期理财、通知存款等。
基础资产为货币市场短期流动性较强的资产,包括短期国债、中央银行票据、存单等。
这类产品的投资周期较短,适合短线投资者或作为现金管理的工具使用。
总体来说,2013年国有商业银行推出的银行理财产品各类型均有涵盖,能够满足不同投资者的需求。
但投资者在选择银行理财产品时,应注意产品的风险收益特点,根据自身的风险承受能力和理财需求进行选择。
公司理财的内容有哪些
公司理财的内容有哪些公司理财是指企业对资金的合理运用和管理,以实现财务目标和最大化利润为目的的一项重要工作。
公司理财内容涉及多方面,包括资金筹集、资金投资、资金运营等方面。
下面将从不同的角度来介绍公司理财的内容。
首先,资金筹集是公司理财的重要内容之一。
资金筹集是指企业通过不同的途径获取资金,包括自有资金、债务融资和股权融资等。
企业需要根据自身的经营情况和发展需要,制定合理的资金筹集计划,确保资金来源的多样性和灵活性,降低资金成本,保障企业的正常经营和发展。
其次,资金投资是公司理财的另一个重要内容。
资金投资是指企业将闲置资金进行有效配置和运用,以获取更高的收益。
企业可以通过投资股票、债券、基金等金融产品,或者投资于实业、房地产等实体项目,实现资金的增值和流动性管理。
在进行资金投资时,企业需要根据自身的风险偏好和投资期限,制定合理的投资策略和风险控制措施,确保资金的安全和稳健增值。
另外,资金运营也是公司理财的重要内容之一。
资金运营是指企业对资金的日常管理和运作,包括资金的收付、结算、理财、风险管理等方面。
企业需要建立健全的资金管理制度和内部控制机制,加强对资金流动的监控和预测,合理安排资金的使用和周转,确保企业的资金安全和流动性。
此外,公司理财还包括财务规划、成本控制、财务风险管理等内容。
财务规划是指企业根据经营发展的需要,制定长期和短期的财务目标和计划,合理安排资金的使用和配置,确保企业的财务稳健和持续发展。
成本控制是指企业对生产经营中的各项成本进行合理控制和降低,提高企业的盈利能力和竞争力。
财务风险管理是指企业对外部市场环境和内部经营风险进行识别、评估和应对,保障企业的财务安全和稳健经营。
综上所述,公司理财的内容涉及资金筹集、资金投资、资金运营、财务规划、成本控制、财务风险管理等多个方面。
企业需要根据自身的实际情况,科学合理地进行公司理财,以实现财务目标,保障企业的经营稳健和持续发展。
2013年度理财产品基金收益排名
融通七天理财A
2.650 2.916 4.279 4.454 4.398 4.401 4.476 4.436 3.923
交银理财60天A
3.447 4.293 3.506 2.676 3.754 4.068 3.849
万家14天理财
3.602 4.666 3.394 3.564 4.437 4.057 3.539 3.051 3.479 3.517 3.512
3.031 2.940 3.264 3.003 5.016 3.780 3.629 3.384 3.974 5.877 3.686 4.729 4.658 4.012 4.264 5.056 5.840
3.106 3.719 3.399 3.367 3.519 3.852 3.957 3.966 5.307 5.498 4.090 3.286 3.165 3.057 4.421 4.944 4.128 4.625 4.654 4.712 5.340
今年பைடு நூலகம்
排名
排名 一月 二月 三月 四月 五月 六月 七月 八月 九月 十月 十一 十二
1 16 1 23 2 35 28 12 31 2 7 5 11
2 27 12 6 5 9 3 3 2 7 3 13 15
3 1 3 8 1 8 27 37 34 41 15 41 1
4 8 11 10 3 26 16 4 9 10 5 10 7
博时理财30天A
3.910 3.842 3.401 3.610 4.254 4.057 3.571 4.070 4.217 4.745
易方达双月利A
4.261 3.603 2.483 3.781 3.594 4.067 4.247 3.845 4.297
公司理财英文版第10版课后习题答案
Solutions Manual Fundamentals of Corporate Finance10th edition Ross, Westerfield, and Jordan06-25-2013Prepared byBrad JordanUniversity of KentuckyJoe SmoliraBelmont UniversityCHAPTER 1INTRODUCTION TO CORPORATE FINANCEAnswers to Concepts Review and Critical Thinking Questions1.Capital budgeting (deciding whether to expand a manufacturing plant), capital structure (decidingwhether to issue new equity and use the proceeds to retire outstanding debt), and working capital management (modifying the firm’s credit collection policy with its customers).2.Disadvantages: unlimited liability, limited life, difficulty in transferring ownership, difficulty inraising capital funds. Some advantages: simpler, less regulation, the owners are also the managers, sometimes personal tax rates are better than corporate tax rates.3.The primary disadvantage of the corporate form is the double taxation to shareholders of distributedearnings and dividends. Some advantages include: limited liability, ease of transferability, ability to raise capital, and unlimited life.4.In response to Sarbanes-Oxley, small firms have elected to go dark because of the costs ofcompliance. The costs to comply with Sarbox can be several million dollars, which can be a large percentage of a small firm’s profits. A major cost of going dark is less access to capital. Since t he firm is no longer publicly traded, it can no longer raise money in the public market. Although the company will still have access to bank loans and the private equity market, the costs associated with raising funds in these markets are usually higher than the costs of raising funds in the public market.5.The treasurer’s office and the controller’s office are the two primary organizational groups thatreport directly to the chief financial officer. The controller’s office handles cost and financial acc ounting, tax management, and management information systems, while the treasurer’s office is responsible for cash and credit management, capital budgeting, and financial planning. Therefore, the study of corporate finance is concentrated within the treasur y group’s functions.6.To maximize the current market value (share price) of the equity of the firm (whether it’spubliclytraded or not).7. In the corporate form of ownership, the shareholders are the owners of the firm. The shareholderselect the dire ctors of the corporation, who in turn appoint the firm’s management. This separation of ownership from control in the corporate form of organization is what causes agency problems to exist. Management may act in its own or someone else’s best interests, ra ther than those of the shareholders. If such events occur, they may contradict the goal of maximizing the share price of the equity of the firm.8. A primary market transaction.9.In auction markets like the NYSE, brokers and agents meet at a physical location (the exchange) tomatch buyers and sellers of assets. Dealer markets like NASDAQ consist of dealers operating at dispersed locales who buy and sell assets themselves, communicating with other dealers either electronically or literally over-the-counter.10.Such organizations frequently pursue social or political missions, so many different goals areconceivable. One goal that is often cited is revenue minimization; that is, provide whatever goods and services are offered at the lowest possible cost to society. A better approach might be to observe that even a not-for-profit business has equity. Thus, one answer is that the appropriate goal is to maximize the value of the equity.11.Presumably, the current stock value reflects the risk, timing, and magnitude of all future cash flows,both short-term and long-term. If this is correct, then the statement is false.12.An argument can be made either way. At the one extreme, we could argue that in a market economy,all of these things are priced. There is thus an optimal level of, for example, ethical and/or illegal behavior, and the framework of stock valuation explicitly includes these. At the other extreme, we could argue that these are noneconomic phenomena and are best handled through the political process. A classic (and highly relevant) thought question that illustrates this debate goes something like this: “A firm has estimated that the cost of improving the safety of one of its products is $30 million. However, the firm believes that improving the safety of the product will only save $20 million in product liability claims. What should the firm do?”13.The goal will be the same, but the best course of action toward that goal may be different because ofdiffering social, political, and economic institutions.14.The goal of management should be to maximize the share price for the current shareholders. Ifmanagement believes that it can improve the profitability of the firm so that the share price will exceed $35, then they should fight the offer from the outside company. If management believes that this bidder or other unidentified bidders will actually pay more than $35 per share to acquire the company, then they should still fight the offer. However, if the current management cannot increase the value of the firm beyond the bid price, and no other higher bids come in, then management is not acting in the interests of the shareholders by fighting the offer. Since current managers often lose their jobs when the corporation is acquired, poorly monitored managers have an incentive to fight corporate takeovers in situations such as this.15.We would expect agency problems to be less severe in countries with a relatively small percentageof individual ownership. Fewer individual owners should reduce the number of diverse opinions concerning corporate goals. The high percentage of institutional ownership might lead to a higher degree of agreement between owners and managers on decisions concerning risky projects. In addition, institutions may be better able to implement effective monitoring mechanisms on managers than can individual owners, based on the institutions’ deeper resources and experiences with their own management. The increase in institutional ownership of stock in the United States and the growing activism of these large shareholder groups may lead to a reduction in agency problems for U.S. corporations and a more efficient market for corporate control.16. How much is too much? Who is worth more, Lawrence Ellison or Tiger Woods? The simplestanswer is that there is a market for executives just as there is for all types of labor. Executive compensation is the price that clears the market. The same is true for athletes and performers.Having said that, one aspect of executive compensation deserves comment. A primary reason executive compensation has grown so dramatically is that companies have increasingly moved to stock-based compensation. Such movement is obviously consistent with the attempt to better align stockholder and management interests. In recent years, stock prices have soared, so management has cleaned up. It is sometimes argued that much of this reward is simply due to rising stock prices in general, not managerial performance. Perhaps in the future, executive compensation will be designed to reward only differential performance, that is, stock price increases in excess of general market increases.公司理财英文版第10版课后习题答案CHAPTER 2FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, TAXES, AND CASH FLOWAnswers to Concepts Review and Critical Thinking Questions1.Liquidity measures how quickly and easily an asset can be converted to cash without significant lossin value. It’s desirable for firms to have high liquidity so that they have a large factor of safety in meeting short-term creditor demands. However, since liquidity also has an opportunity cost associated with it—namely that higher returns can generally be found by investing the cash into productive assets—low liquidity levels are also desirable to the firm. It’s up to the firm’s financial management staff to find a reasonable compromise between these opposing needs.2.The recognition and matching principles in financial accounting call for revenues, and the costsassociated with producing those revenues, to be “booked” when the revenue process is essenti ally complete, not necessarily when the cash is collected or bills are paid. Note that this way is not necessarily correct; it’s the way accountants have chosen to do it.3.Historical costs can be objectively and precisely measured whereas market values can be difficult toestimate, and different analysts would come up with different numbers. Thus, there is a trade-off between relevance (market values) and objectivity (book values).4. Depreciation is a noncash deduction that reflects adjustments made in asset book values inaccordance with the matching principle in financial accounting. Interest expense is a cash outlay, but it’s a financing cost, not an operating cost.5.Market values can never be negative. Imagine a share of stock selling for –$20. This would meanthat if you placed an order for 100 shares, you would get the stock along with a check for $2,000.How many shares do you want to buy? More generally, because of corporate and individual bankruptcy laws, net worth for a person or a corporation cannot be negative, implying that liabilities cannot exceed assets in market value.6.For a successful company that is rapidly expanding, for example, capital outlays will be large,possibly leading to negative cash flow from assets. In general, what matters is whether the money is spent wisely, not whether cash flow from assets is positive or negative.7.It’s probably not a good sign for an established company, but it would be fairly ordinary for a start-up, so it depends.8.For example, if a company were to become more efficient in inventory management, the amount ofinventory needed would decline. The same might be true if it becomes better at collecting its receivables. In general, anything that leads to a decline in ending NWC relative to beginning would have this effect. Negative net capital spending would mean more long-lived assets were liquidated than purchased.9.If a company raises more money from selling stock than it pays in dividends in a particular period,its cash flow to stockholders will be negative. If a company borrows more than it pays in interest, its cash flow to creditors will be negative.10.The adjustments discussed were purely accounting changes; they had no cash flow or market valueconsequences unless the new accounting information caused stockholders to revalue the derivatives.11.Enterprise value is the theoretical takeover price. In the event of a takeover, an acquirer would haveto take on the company's debt but would pocket its cash. Enterprise value differs significantly from simple market capitalization in several ways, and it may be a more accurate representation of a firm's value. In a takeover, the value of a firm's debt would need to be paid by the buyer when taking overa company. This enterprise value provides a much more accurate takeover valuation because itincludes debt in its value calculation.12.In general, it appears that investors prefer companies that have a steady earnings stream. If true, thisencourages companies to manage earnings. Under GAAP, there are numerous choices for the way a company reports its financial statements. Although not the reason for the choices under GAAP, one outcome is the ability of a company to manage earnings, which is not an ethical decision. Even though earnings and cash flow are often related, earnings management should have little effect on cash flow (except for tax implications). If the market is “fooled” and prefers steady earnings, shareholder wealth can be increased, at least temporarily. However, given the questionable ethics of this practice, the company (and shareholders) will lose value if the practice is discovered. Solutions to Questions and ProblemsNOTE: All end of chapter problems were solved using a spreadsheet. Many problems require multiple steps. Due to space and readability constraints, when these intermediate steps are included in this solutions manual, rounding may appear to have occurred. However, the final answer for each problem is found without rounding during any step in the problem.Basic1.To find owners’ equity, we must construct a balance sheet as follows:Balance SheetCA $ 4,800 CL $ 4,200NFA 27,500 LTD 10,500OE ??TA $32,300 TL & OE $32,300We know that total liabilities and owners’ equity (TL & OE) must equal total assets of $32,300.We also know that TL & OE is equal to current liabilities plus long-term debt plus owners’ equity, so owners’ equity is:OE = $32,300 – 10,500 – 4,200 = $17,600NWC = CA – CL = $4,800 – 4,200 = $6002. The income statement for the company is:Income StatementSales $734,000Costs 315,000Depreciation 48,000EBIT $371,000Interest 35,000EBT $336,000Taxes (35%) 117,600Net income $218,4003.One equation for net income is:Net income = Dividends + Addition to retained earningsRearranging, we get:Addition to retained earnings = Net income – Dividends = $218,400 – 85,000 = $133,4004.EPS = Net income / Shares = $218,400 / 110,000 = $1.99 per shareDPS = Dividends / Shares = $85,000 / 110,000 = $0.77 per share5.To find the book value of current assets, we use: NWC = CA –CL. Rearranging to solve forcurrent assets, we get:CA = NWC + CL = $215,000 + 900,000 = $1,115,000The market value of current assets and fixed assets is given, so:Book value CA = $1,115,000 Market value CA = $1,250,000Book value NFA = $3,200,000 Market value NFA = $5,300,000Book value assets = $4,315,000 Market value assets = $6,550,0006.Taxes = 0.15($50,000) + 0.25($25,000) + 0.34($25,000) + 0.39($255,000 – 100,000) = $82,7007.The average tax rate is the total tax paid divided by taxable income, so:Average tax rate = $82,700 / $255,000 = .3243, or 32.43%The marginal tax rate is the tax rate on the next $1 of earnings, so the marginal tax rate = 39%.8.To calculate OCF, we first need the income statement:Income StatementSales $39,500Costs 18,400Depreciation 1,900EBIT $19,200Interest 1,400Taxable income $17,800Taxes (35%) 6,230Net income $11,570OCF = EBIT + Depreciation – Taxes = $19,200 + 1,900 – 6,230 = $14,870 capital spending = NFA end– NFA beg + DepreciationNet capital spending = $3,600,000 – 2,800,000 + 345,000Net capital spending = $1,145,00010. Change in NWC = NWC end– NWC begChange in NWC = (CA end– CL end) – (CA beg– CL beg)Change in NWC = ($3,460 – 1,980) – ($3,120 – 1,570)Change in NWC = $1,480 – 1,550 = –$7011.Cash flow to creditors = Interest paid – Net new borrowingCash flow to creditors = Interest paid – (LTD end– LTD beg)Cash flow to creditors = $190,000 – ($2,550,000 – 2,300,000)Cash flow to creditors = –$60,00012. Cash flow to stockholders = Dividends paid – Net new equityCash flow to stockholders = Dividends paid – [(Common end + APIS end) – (Common beg + APIS beg)] Cash flow to stockholders = $540,000 – [($715,000 + 4,700,000) – ($680,000 + 4,300,000)]Cash flow to stockholders = $105,000Note, APIS is the additional paid-in surplus.13. Cash flow from assets = Cash flow to creditors + Cash flow to stockholders= –$60,000 + 105,000 = $45,000Cash flow from assets = $45,000 = OCF – Change in NWC – Net capital spending= $45,000 = OCF – (–$55,000) – 1,300,000Operating cash flow = $45,000 – 55,000 + 1,300,000Operating cash flow = $1,290,000Intermediate14.To find the OCF, we first calculate net income.Income StatementSales $235,000Costs 141,000Other expenses 7,900Depreciation 17,300EBIT $ 68,800Interest 12,900Taxable income $ 55,900Taxes 19,565Net income $ 36,335Dividends $12,300Additions to RE $24,035a.OCF = EBIT + Depreciation – Taxes = $68,800 + 17,300 – 19,565 = $66,535b.CFC = Interest – Net new LTD = $12,900 – (–4,500) = $17,400Note that the net new long-term debt is negative because the company repaid part of its long-term debt.c.CFS = Dividends – Net new equity = $12,300 – 6,100 = $6,200d.We know that CFA = CFC + CFS, so:CFA = $17,400 + 6,200 = $23,600CFA is also equal to OCF – Net capital spending – Change in NWC. We already know OCF.Net capital spending is equal to:Net capital spending = Increase in NFA + Depreciation = $25,000 + 17,300 = $42,300Now we can use:CFA = OCF – Net capital spending – Change in NWC$23,600 = $66,535 – 42,300 – Change in NWCChange in NWC = $635This means that the company increased its NWC by $635.15.The solution to this question works the income statement backwards. Starting at the bottom:Net income = Dividends + Addition to retained earnings = $1,800 + 5,300 = $7,100Now, looking at the income statement:EBT – EBT × Tax rate = Net incomeRecognize that EBT × Tax rate is simply the calculation for taxes. Solving this for EBT yields:EBT = NI / (1– Tax rate) = $7,100 / (1 – 0.35) = $10,923Now you can calculate:EBIT = EBT + Interest = $10,923 + 4,900 = $15,823The last step is to use:EBIT = Sales – Costs – Depreciation$15,823 = $52,000 – 27,300 – DepreciationSolving for depreciation, we find that depreciation = $8,87716.The balance sheet for the company looks like this:Balance SheetCash $ 127,000 Accounts payable $ 210,000Accounts receivable 105,000 Notes payable 160,000Inventory 293,000 Current liabilities $ 370,000Current assets $ 525,000 Long-term debt 845,000Total liabilities $1,215,300 Tangible net fixed assets 1,620,000Intangible net fixed assets 630,000 Common stock ??Accumulated ret. earnings 1,278,000 Total assets $2,775,000 Total liab. & owners’ equity$2,755,000Total liabilities and owners’ equity is:TL & OE = CL + LTD + Common stock + Retained earningsSolving for this equation for equity gives us:Common stock = $2,755,000 – 1,215,300 – 1,278,000 = $282,00017.The market value of shareholders’ equity cannot be negative. A negative market value in this casewould imply that the company would pay you to own the stock. The market value of shareholders’ equity can be stated as: Shareholders’ equity = Max [(TA – TL), 0]. So, if TA is $7,100, equity is equal to $1,300, and if TA is $5,200, equity is equal to $0. We should note here that the book value of shareholders’ equity can be negative.18. a. Taxes Growth = 0.15($50,000) + 0.25($25,000) + 0.34($1,000) = $14,090Taxes Income = 0.15($50,000) + 0.25($25,000) + 0.34($25,000) + 0.39($235,000)+ 0.34($7,600,000 – 335,000)= $2,584,000b. Each firm has a marginal tax rate of 34% on the next $10,000 of taxable income, despite theirdifferent average tax rates, so both firms will pay an additional $3,400 in taxes.19.Income StatementSales $850,000COGS 610,000A&S expenses 110,000Depreciation 140,000EBIT –$10,000Interest 85,000Taxable income –$95,000Taxes (35%) 0 income –$95,000b.OCF = EBIT + Depreciation – Taxes = –$10,000 + 140,000 – 0 = $130,000 income was negative because of the tax deductibility of depreciation and interest expense.However, the actual cash flow from operations was positive because depreciation is a non-cash expense and interest is a financing expense, not an operating expense.20. A firm can still pay out dividends if net income is negative; it just has to be sure there is sufficientcash flow to make the dividend payments.Change in NWC = Net capital spending = Net new equity = 0. (Given)Cash flow from assets = OCF – Change in NWC – Net capital spendingCash flow from assets = $130,000 – 0 – 0 = $130,000Cash flow to stockholders = Dividends – Net new equity = $63,000 – 0 = $63,000Cash flow to creditors = Cash flow from assets – Cash flow to stockholdersCash flow to creditors = $130,000 – 63,000 = $67,000Cash flow to creditors = Interest – Net new LTDNet new LTD = Interest – Cash flow to creditors = $85,000 – 67,000 = $18,00021. a.Income StatementSales $27,360Cost of goods sold 19,260Depreciation 4,860EBIT $ 3,240Interest 2,190Taxable income $ 1,050Taxes (34%)Net incomeb.OCF = EBIT + Depreciation –= $3,240 + 4,860 –c.Change in NWC = NWC end– NWC beg= (CA end– CL end) – (CA beg– CL beg)= ($7,116 – 3,780) – ($5,760 – 3,240)= $3,336 – 2,520 = $816Net capital spending = NFA end– NFA beg + Depreciation= $20,160 – 16,380 + 4,860 = $8,640CFA = OCF – Change in NWC – Net capital spending= $7,743 – 816 – 8,640 = –$1,713The cash flow from assets can be positive or negative, since it represents whether the firmraised funds or distributed funds on a net basis. In this problem, even though net income andOCF are positive, the firm invested heavily in both fixed assets and net working capital; ithad to raise a net $1,713 in funds from its stockholders and creditors to make theseinvestments.d.Cash flow to creditors = Interest – Net new LTD = $2,190 – 0 = $2,190Cash flow to stockholders = Cash flow from assets – Cash flow to creditors= –$1,713 – 2,190 = –$3,903We can also calculate the cash flow to stockholders as:Cash flow to stockholders = Dividends – Net new equitySolving for net new equity, we get:Net new equity = $1,560 – (–3,903) = $5,463The firm had positive earnings in an accounting sense (NI > 0) and had positive cash flowfrom operations. The firm invested $816 in new net working capital and $8,640 in new fixedassets. The firm had to raise $1,713 from its stakeholders to support this new investment. Itaccomplished this by raising $5,463 in the form of new equity. After paying out $1,560 ofthis in the form of dividends to shareholders and $2,190 in the form of interest to creditors,$1,713 was left to meet the firm’s cash flow n eeds for investment.22. a.Total assets 2010 = $914 + 3,767 = $4,681Total liabilities 2010 = $365 + 1,991= $2,356Owners’ equity 2010 = $4,681 – 2,356 = $2,325Total assets 2011 = $990 + 4,536 = $5,526Total liabilities 2011 = $410 + 2,117 = $2,527Owners’ equity 2011 = $5,526 – 2,527 = $2,999b.NWC 2010 = CA10 – CL10 = $914 – 365 = $549NWC 2011 = CA11 – CL11 = $990 – 410 = $580Change in NWC = NWC11 – NWC10 = $580 – 549 = $31c.We can calculate net capital spending as:Net capital spending = Net fixed assets 2011 – Net fixed assets 2010 + DepreciationNet capital spending = $4,536 – 3,767 + 1,033 = $1,802So, the company had a net capital spending cash flow of $1,802. We also know that netcapital spending is:Net capital spending = Fixed assets bought – Fixed assets sold$1,802 = $1,890 – Fixed assets soldFixed assets sold = $1,890 – 1,802 = $88To calculate the cash flow from assets, we must first calculate the operating cash flow. Theincome statement is:Income StatementSales $11,592Costs 5,405Depreciation expense 1,033EBIT $ 5,154Interest expense 294EBT $ 4,860Taxes (35%) 1,701Net income $ 3,159So, the operating cash flow is:OCF = EBIT + Depreciation – Taxes = $5,154 + 1,033 – 1,701 = $4,486And the cash flow from assets is:Cash flow from assets = OCF – Change in NWC – Net capital spending.= $4,486 – 31 – 1,802 = $2,653 new borrowing = LTD11 – LTD10 = $2,117 – 1,991 = $126Cash flow to creditors = Interest – Net new LTD = $294 – 126 = $168Net new borrowing = $126 = Debt issued – Debt retiredDebt retired = $378 – 126 = $252Challenge capital spending = NFA end– NFA beg + Depreciation= (NFA end– NFA beg) + (Depreciation + AD beg) – AD beg= (NFA end– NFA beg)+ AD end– AD beg= (NFA end + AD end) – (NFA beg + AD beg)= FA end– FA beg24. a.The tax bubble causes average tax rates to catch up to marginal tax rates, thus eliminating thetax advantage of low marginal rates for high income corporations.b.Taxes = 0.15($50,000) + 0.25($25,000) + 0.34($25,000) + 0.39($235,000) = $113,900Average tax rate = $113,900 / $335,000 = 34%The marginal tax rate on the next dollar of income is 34 percent.For corporate taxable income levels of $335,000 to $10 million, average tax rates are equal tomarginal tax rates.Taxes = 0.34($10,000,000) + 0.35($5,000,000) + 0.38($3,333,333)= $6,416,667Average tax rate = $6,416,667 / $18,333,333 = 35%The marginal tax rate on the next dollar of income is 35 percent. For corporate taxableincome levels over $18,333,334, average tax rates are again equal to marginal tax rates.c.Taxes = 0.34($200,000) = $68,000$68,000 = 0.15($50,000) + 0.25($25,000) + 0.34($25,000) + X($100,000);X($100,000) = $68,000 – 22,250X = $45,750 / $100,000X = 45.75%25.Balance sheet as of Dec. 31, 2010Cash $ 6,067 Accounts payable $ 4,384Accounts receivable 8,034 Notes payable 1,171Inventory 14,283 Current liabilities $ 5,555Current assets $28,384Long-term debt $20,320 Net fixed assets $50,888 Owners' equity $53,397Total assets $79,272 Total liab. & equity $79,272Balance sheet as of Dec. 31, 2011Cash $ 6,466 Accounts payable $ 4,644Accounts receivable 9,427 Notes payable 1,147Inventory 15,288 Current liabilities $ 5,791Current assets $31,181Long-term debt $24,636 Net fixed assets $54,273 Owners' equity $55,027Total assets $85,454 Total liab. & equity $85,4542010 Income Statement 2011 Income Statement Sales $11,573.00Sales $12,936.00 COGS 3,979.00COGS 4,707.00 Other expenses 946.00Other expenses 824.00 Depreciation 1,661.00Depreciation 1,736.00 EBIT $ 4,987.00EBIT $ 5,669.00 Interest 776.00Interest 926.00 EBT $ 4,211.00EBT $ 4,743.00 Taxes (34%) 1,431.74Taxes (34%) 1,612.62 Net income $ 2,779.26Net income $ 3,130.38 Dividends $1,411.00Dividends $1,618.00 Additions to RE 1,368.26Additions to RE 1,512.3826.OCF = EBIT + Depreciation – Taxes = $5,669 + 1,736 – 1,612.62 = $5,792.38Change in NWC = NWC end– NWC beg = (CA – CL) end– (CA – CL) beg= ($31,181 – 5,791) – ($28,384 – 5,555)= $2,561Net capital spending = NFA end– NFA beg+ Depreciation= $54,273 – 50,888 + 1,736 = $5,121Cash flow from assets = OCF – Change in NWC – Net capital spending= $5,792.38 – 2,561 – 5,121 = –$1,889.62Cash flow to creditors = Interest – Net new LTDNet new LTD = LTD end– LTD begCash flow to creditors = $926 – ($24,636 – 20,320) = –$3,390Net new equity = Common stock end– Common stock begCommon stock + Retained earnings = Total owners’ equityNet new equity = (OE – RE) end– (OE – RE) beg= OE end– OE beg + RE beg– RE endRE end= RE beg+ Additions to RE08Net new equity = OE end– OE beg+ RE beg– (RE beg + Additions to RE11)= OE end– OE beg– Additions to RENet new equity = $55,027 – 53,397 – 1,512.38 = $117.62CFS = Dividends – Net new equityCFS = $1,618 – 117.62 = $1,500.38As a check, cash flow from assets is –$1,889.62.CFA = Cash flow from creditors + Cash flow to stockholdersCFA = –$3,390 + 1,500.38 = –$1,889.62公司理财英文版第10版课后习题答案CHAPTER 3WORKING WITH FINANCIAL STATEMENTSAnswers to Concepts Review and Critical Thinking Questions1. a.If inventory is purchased with cash, then there is no change in the current ratio. If inventory ispurchased on credit, then there is a decrease in the current ratio if it was initially greater than 1.0.b.Reducing accounts payable with cash increases the current ratio if it was initially greater than 1.0.c.Reducing short-term debt with cash increases the current ratio if it was initially greater than 1.0.d.As long-term debt approaches maturity, the principal repayment and the remaining interestexpense become current liabilities. Thus, if debt is paid off with cash, the current ratio increases if it was initially greater than 1.0. If the debt has not yet become a current liability, then paying it off will reduce the current ratio since current liabilities are not affected.e.Reduction of accounts receivables and an increase in cash leaves the current ratio unchanged.f.Inventory sold at cost reduces inventory and raises cash, so the current ratio is unchanged.g. Inventory sold for a profit raises cash in excess of the inventory recorded at cost, so the currentratio increases.2.The firm has increased inventory relative to other current assets; therefore, assuming current liabilitylevels remain unchanged, liquidity has potentially decreased.3. A current ratio of 0.50 means that the firm has twice as much in current liabilities as it does incurrent assets; the firm potentially has poor liquidity. If pressed by its short-term creditors and suppliers for immediate payment, the firm might have a difficult time meeting its obligations. A current ratio of 1.50 means the firm has 50% more current assets than it does current liabilities. This probably represents an improvement in liquidity; short-term obligations can generally be met completely with a safety factor built in. A current ratio of 15.0, however, might be excessive. Any excess funds sitting in current assets generally earn little or no return. These excess funds might be put to better use by investing in productive long-term assets or distributing the funds to shareholders.4. a.Quick ratio provides a measure of the short-term liquidity of the firm, after removing the effectsof inventory, generally the least liquid of the firm’s current assets.b.Cash ratio represents the ability of the firm to completely pay off its current liabilities with itsmost liquid asset (cash).c.Total asset turnover measures how much in sales is generated by each dollar of firm assets.d.Equity multiplier represents the degree of leverage for an equity investor of the firm; it measuresthe dollar worth of firm assets each equity dollar has a claim to.e.Long-term debt ratio measures the percentage of total firm capitalization funded by long-termdebt.。
【精选】外经贸大学2016-2016学年第一学期《公司理财》期末考试答案
对外经济贸易大学2012-2013学年第一学期《公司理财》期末考试1(永续年金)是一系列稳定的现金流,其间隔时间固定,同时无限持续下去。
2.使得项目的现金流之和等于初始投资的时长称为(回收期)P923.内部收益率(IRR)是当NPV等于(0)时的折现率。
P944.如果10%的利率按每天复利计息等于10.5156%的利率按每年复利计息,那么10.5156%就是(实际年利率EAR)5.如果某项目的现金流量的符号改变超过一次,那么内部收益率(IRR)法将无法识别可接受的项目,这是由于(“非常规现金流量”的多次改号造成了多个收益率)问题。
P986.组合的期望收益率是单个证券期望收益率的(加权平均值)。
PPT011第14页,书P2207.当公司同时考虑两项或更多的潜在投资时,且只能接受其中之一,这样的投资项目被称为(互斥项目)。
P968.一股普通股的价值等于未来所有股利的(折现现值)P1749.国债利率一般可认为是(无风险利率)。
10.股票收益中超出国债利率的部分被称作股票收益的(风险溢价)。
P23611.最普遍的资产,如股票和债券的风险的度量,是(方差和标准差)。
P20512.如果两项证券的相关系数低于1,那么组合的标准差低于单个证券标准差的(加权平均数)。
P22213.(年金)是一系列稳定的现金流,其间隔时间固定,在一段固定的时期内持续。
14.由于回收期法仅要求简单加合项目的现金流,因此其忽略了(①货币时间价值②回收期后的现金流)。
见ppt15.你计划投资100美元到预期收益是13%、标准差是14%的风险资产以及收益是4%的短期国库券上。
风险资产和无风险资产形成的资本配置线(CAL)斜率是多少?(0.09)P23616.如果某一利率是年内无限次复利计息而得,那么这被称为(连续)复利。
P7417.无论公司是否接受某项目都已承担的成本称为(沉没成本)P11218.当贝塔值为零时,证券市场线(SML)在y轴上的截距为(无风险资产收益率RF)P23619.本杰明·弗兰克林说过,“钱可以生钱,钱生的钱又可以使生出的钱更多”,这是一个解释(复利)过程的十分形象生动的描述。
公司理财通选课复习题
2013-2014-1公司理财通选课复习题名词解释1财务管理2.先付年金3.时间价值4. 可分散风险5.资本资产定价模型6.市场风险7. 复利现值8.流动比率9.市盈率10. 股利支付率11.普通股12.债务性筹资13.股票14.优先股15.最佳资本结构16.财务杠杆17.营业杠杆18.净现值19.现金流量20.内含报酬率二、论述题1.为什么说财务管理的首要目标是股东财富最大化而不是企业利润最大化?2.按风险程度,可把财务决策分为哪三类?3. 论述如何从不同的角度评价企业的资产负债率。
4.如果你是银行的信贷部门经理,再给企业发放贷款是,应当考虑哪些因素?5.企业应该如何考虑对贷款银行进行选择?三、案例分析1.宏伟公司财务管理目标与利益冲突案例宏伟公司是一家从事IT产品开发的企业,有三位志同道合的朋友共同出资100万元,三人平分股权比例共同创立。
企业发展初期,创始股东都以企业的长远发展为目标,关注企业的持续增长能力,所以,他们注重加大研发投入,不断开发新产品,这些措施有力地提高了企业的竞争力,是企业实现了营业收入的高速增长。
在开始的几年间,销售业绩以年均60%的速度提升,然而,随着利润的不断快速增长,三位创始股东开始在收益分配上产生分歧。
股东王力、张伟倾向于粉红,股东赵勇则认为应将企业取得的利益用于扩大再生产,以提高企业的持续发展能力,实现长远利益的最大化。
由此产生的矛盾不断升级,最终导致坚持企业长期发展的赵勇被迫出让其持有的1/3股份而离开企业。
但是,次结果引起了与企业有密切联系的广大供应商和分销商的不满,因为他们中许多人的业务发展壮大都与宏伟公司密切相关,深信宏伟公司的持续增长将给他们带来更多的机会。
于是他们声称,如果赵勇离开企业,将断绝与企业的业务往来。
面对这一情况,其他两位股东提出他们可以离开,条件是赵勇必须收购他们的股份。
赵勇的长期发展战略需要较多的投资,这样做将导致企业陷入没有资金维持生产的困境。
公司理财通选课复习题
2013-2014-1公司理财通选课复习题名词解释1财务管理2.先付年金3.时间价值4. 可分散风险5.资本资产定价模型6.市场风险7. 复利现值8.流动比率9.市盈率10. 股利支付率11.普通股12.债务性筹资13.股票14.优先股15.最佳资本结构16.财务杠杆17.营业杠杆18.净现值19.现金流量20.内含报酬率二、论述题1.为什么说财务管理的首要目标是股东财富最大化而不是企业利润最大化?2.按风险程度,可把财务决策分为哪三类?3. 论述如何从不同的角度评价企业的资产负债率。
4.如果你是银行的信贷部门经理,再给企业发放贷款是,应当考虑哪些因素?5.企业应该如何考虑对贷款银行进行选择?三、案例分析1.宏伟公司财务管理目标与利益冲突案例宏伟公司是一家从事IT产品开发的企业,有三位志同道合的朋友共同出资100万元,三人平分股权比例共同创立。
企业发展初期,创始股东都以企业的长远发展为目标,关注企业的持续增长能力,所以,他们注重加大研发投入,不断开发新产品,这些措施有力地提高了企业的竞争力,是企业实现了营业收入的高速增长。
在开始的几年间,销售业绩以年均60%的速度提升,然而,随着利润的不断快速增长,三位创始股东开始在收益分配上产生分歧。
股东王力、张伟倾向于粉红,股东赵勇则认为应将企业取得的利益用于扩大再生产,以提高企业的持续发展能力,实现长远利益的最大化。
由此产生的矛盾不断升级,最终导致坚持企业长期发展的赵勇被迫出让其持有的1/3股份而离开企业。
但是,次结果引起了与企业有密切联系的广大供应商和分销商的不满,因为他们中许多人的业务发展壮大都与宏伟公司密切相关,深信宏伟公司的持续增长将给他们带来更多的机会。
于是他们声称,如果赵勇离开企业,将断绝与企业的业务往来。
面对这一情况,其他两位股东提出他们可以离开,条件是赵勇必须收购他们的股份。
赵勇的长期发展战略需要较多的投资,这样做将导致企业陷入没有资金维持生产的困境。
2013年度银行理财产品及各银行表现综述
行1660款,其中兴业银行发行量最大,为3155款;城市商业银行平均发行163款,其中南京银行[-0.13%资金研报]发行量最大,为1206款;农村商业银行平均发行74款,其中上海农村商业银行发行量最大,为366款;外资银行平均发行155款,其中恒生银行发行量最大,为422款。
从投资对象来看,债券和货币市场类理财产品依然是理财产品的主要投向,其中,建设银行债券类产品发行量最大,达4004款,发行该类产品超过1000款的还有中国银行、兴业银行、浦发银行和南京银行。
组合投资类产品发行量位列第2位,其中,工商银行该类产品发行量最大,达2349款,发行同类产品超过1000款的还有交通银行、招商银行、民生银行、中信银行、广发银行、农业银行、华夏银行[1.93%资金研报]和平安银行。
结构性产品、融资类产品和其他类产品合计发行量占比仅为5.23%。
结构性产品中,恒生银行发行量最大,渤海银行、南洋商业银行、广发银行、汇丰银行、工商银行和招商银行该类产品的发行量也相对较多;融资类产品中,建设银行发行量最大,浦发银行、工商银行、中信银行和兴业银行发行量也较为居前。
综合理财能力:光大、农行、民生居前三甲股份制行占据十强六席2013年度,理财能力综合排名前10位的银行依次是光大银行、农业银行、民生银行、中信银行、浦发银行、兴业银行、交通银行、华夏银行、中国银行以及南京银行。
其中,股份制商业银行6家,国有银行3家,城商行1家。
光大银行在本年度的分类指标测度中,各个单项能力排名均位居前15位。
其中风险控制能力位居第1位,收益能力位居第8位,评估问卷得分位居第8位,发行能力、理财服务丰富性、信息披露规范性分列第11至15位,因此该行优秀的单项表现使得其位居综合理财能力排行榜首位。
农业银行在综合理财能力排名中位居第二,主要得益于:该行信息披露规范性表现最优,特别是产品运行信息和到期收益信息的透明度强于众多纳入排名的银行;其评估问卷得分位居第5位;此外,发行能力、收益能力、风险控制能力以及理财服务丰富性也都排在前15位之内。
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债券收益率的计算
1、到期收益率(Yield to Maturity---YTM)
债券按当前市场价格购买并持有至到期日所产生 的收益率。 用当前的债券市场价格(Po)计算出来贴现率, 即为市场对该债券的预期收益率i,又称为到期收 益率。 近似计算法例3-11 内插法
【例 】假设投资者希望购买面值为$1000,目 前正以$970的价格出售、息票率为5%的债券。 如果这种债券10年后到期,并将被持有至到期 日,求它的预期收益率。
40 9.899 1000 0.505 900.96
第二节
有价证劵的价值确定
债券的收益率是进行债券投资时选购债
券的重要标准,它可以反映债券投资按
复利计算的实际收益率。如果债券的收
益率高于投资人要求的必要报酬率,则
可购进债券;否则就应放弃此项投资。
第二节
有价证劵的价值确定
债券的估价
债券的估价
假如你对6年期、利率为8%的债券感兴趣,它的 票面价值为1000美元,一名经纪人向你开出了 955.14美元的报价,那么此债券的收益率为多少 ? 债券价值=80*4.3553+1000*0.5645=$912.92 8%--10%之间 内插法 当债券的购买价格低于债券价值时,才值得购买 。
股票估价
假定弗利尼公司希望以每股$100的价格出售优先 股。之前已发行优先股的价格为每股$40,而且股 利为每季度$1。 $40=$1*(1/k) k=2.5%
要想具有竞争力,弗利尼公司这次新发行也必须 提供每季2.5%的收益,那么股利必定是:
$100=D*(1/0.025) D=$2.5(每季)
债券估价模型
附息债券
rF F P t n (1 i ) t 1 (1 i )
r—第t年的利息 F—债券到期时偿还金额,即债券的面值 P—债券的理论价值,即现值 n—债券的期限 i —债券投资者要求的收益率,或市场利率
n
一次还本付息债券
到期时一次性支付本金和利息,其价 值为按票面利率计算出来的本利和再按市 场利率进行贴现计算的复利现值。
债券的估价
债券收益率的计算
2、持有期收益率(Holding-period Yield)
是使债券的市场价格等于从该资产的购买日到卖 出日的全部净现金流的折现率(kh)。
It Pm P0 t m (1 kh ) t 1 (1 kh )
P0—当前市价,Pm—卖出价,m—持有期
D3 Pn D1 D2 P0 ...... 2 3 n (1 kcs ) (1 kcs ) (1 kcs ) (1 kcs )
【例】
某企业面值500元的债券,
期限为5年,票面利率为10%,每年 未付息,到期还本。
要求:若投资者要求的收益率分别
为8%、10%、12%,分别计算债券
现在的价值。
解:若按8%计算: 债券价值=500×8%×(P/A,10%,5 )+500×(P/F,10%,5) =40×3.7908+500×0.6209 =462.08(元) 若按10%计算: 债券价值=500×10%×(P/A,10%,5 )+500×(P/F,10%,5) =50×3.7908+500×0.6209 =500(元)
解<2>:
将已知的年利率r折算成 期利率 r/m,期数变为m×n。 F=P×(1+r/m )m×n =10 000×(1+ 5%/4 )2×4 =10 000×(1+0.0125)8 =11 044.86(元)
第二节
有价证劵的价值确定
证券估价的基本步骤
估计未来预期现金流Ct
第三章 企业价值的确定
第一节 货币的时间价值
第二节 有价证劵的价值确定
第一节 货币的时间价值
较多的未来货币为终结的,为什么?
理财活动都是现在货币与未来货币相交换 的活动。为此,人们在作出交换决策时, 就必须确切地知道,现在一定量的货币至 少应换取多少未来货币,或未来一定量货 币至少应换取多少现在货币,这就是货币 时间价值问题。
m
【例7】某企业于2002年5月8日以920元 购进一张面值1 000元,票面利率5%,每 年付息一次的债券,并于2003年5月8日 以970元的市价出售,问该债券的投资收 益率是多少? 解:K=(970-920+50)/920 ×100%=10.87 该债券的投资收益率为10.87%。
债券的估价
F (1 r ) P n (1 i )
n
零息债券
不支付任何利息的债券 每年的隐含利息等于该年中债券价值的变动 额。 零息债券收益率
F P n (1 i )
[例]某公司计划发行10年期的债
券,该债券的年票面利率是8%, 面值为$1000。每年支付一次利 息,10年到期后某公司支付给债 券持有人$1000。 假设投资者要求的收益率为 8%,问这张债券的价值是多少?
若按12%计算: 债券价值=500×12%(P/A,10%,5) +500×(P/F,10%,5) =60×3.7908+500×0.6209 =537.90(元)
由上述总结: 第一,债券价值与投资者要求的收益率 (当前市场利率)的变动呈现相反方向 即要求收益率越高,债券价值越低,反 之亦然。这就是利率风险。
结论是:股票的内在价值可以视为从第一 期开始的无限期的股利现值之和。∑
通常当股票的市场价格低于股票内在价值 才适宜投资。
优先股估价
优先股是一种权益证券,它对持有人提供 了在公司的收益和资产上有限的或固定的 索偿权。优先股估价过程可以视为永续年 年金的贴现。
优先股估价
V ps
D k ps
Vps—优先股的内在价值 kps—优先股股东要求收益率 D—优先股股利
第一节 货币的时间价值
利率,是一定时期内利息额同借贷资金额 的比率,即资金的增值额同投入资金价值 之比率。利率的构成有三部分,即: 纯利率、通货膨胀补偿和风险报酬 公式:
K = KF + IP + DP + MP + LP
利率公式:
KF——实际无风险利率,亦即在零通
货膨胀经济环境中,代表投资者对无 风险的固定收入证券所要求的报酬率 ,一般以长期政府公债利率为代表; IP——通货膨胀补偿; DP—— 违约风险报酬; MP——期限风险报酬; 风险附加率 LP——流动性风险报酬。
P A( PVIFAi ,10 ) F ( PVIFi ,10 )
设i1=5%,价格为m1=1000
先试算:令i2=6%,则求得价格为
m2=926 则 i1=5%, i2=6%, m1=1000, m=970, m2=926 再用内插法
m m1 i i1 (i2 i1 ) m2 m1 970 1000 5% (6% 5%) 5.41% 926 1000
债券的估价 债券的基本要素 债券面值 票面利率 债券的到期日 债券价值,即债券到期时归还的本金和 按各期票面利率计算的利息之和的现值 ,它也称为债券的内在价值。
债券的估价
债券价值=债券每期支付的利息×
按投资者的要求收益率和债券期限 计算的年金现值系数+债券面值× 按投资者的要求收益率和债券期限 计算的现值系数
【例】 某人现存入银行10 000元,年
利率5%,每季度复利一次。
要求: 2年后能取得多少本利和。
解<1>: 先根据名义利率与实际利率的关 系,将名义利率折算成实际利率。 i=(1+ r/m )m-1 =(1+ 5%/4 )4-1 =5.09% 再按实际利率计算资金的时间价值。 F=P×(1+i)n =10 000×(1+5.09%)2 =11 043.91(元)
常见的利率种类有以下几种:
基准利率和套算利率,按利率之间 的变动关系分 实际利率和名义利率,按投资者取 得的报酬情况分 固定利率和浮动利率,根据利率是 否随市场资金供求关系变化分 市场利率和官方利率,根据利率变 动与市场的关系分
实际利率和名义利率的关系
在实际业务中, 复利的计算期不一定是1年 ,当利息在一年内要复利几次时,给出的年 利率称名义利率,用r表示,根据名义利率 计算出的每年复利一次的年利率称实际利率 ,用i表示。 实际利率和名义利率之间的关系如下: i=(1+ r/m )m-1 式中的m表示每年复利的次数。
普通股估价
普通股是一种所有权的剩余形式,即普通 股股东对公司收益和资产的索偿权在债权 人和优先股股东之后,普通股是一种永久 长期融资形式,没有到期日。
股票估价
假如你今天购买股票,你计划在一年后将 其其卖掉,你知道那时股票将会价值70美 元,你还估计股票将在年末支付10美元的 股利,假如你要求在你的投资上获得25% 的回报。 那么今天你将为此支付的最高价格是多少 ? ($10+$70)/(1+25%)=$64 Po D1 P1
场价格等于债券面值。
第四,长期债券的利率风险大于短期
债券。
第五,债券价值对市场利率的敏感性
与债券未来预期现金流量结构有关。
货币时间价值观念在这里起着重要作
用。
第二节
有价证劵的价值确定
案例 2007年2月1日股票收盘价:出版商麦格劳—希 尔公司为67.89美元;生物技术安进公司为 69.49美元;石油皇家荷兰壳牌公司为67.66美 元。你认为三家公司会为各自的股东提供相近 的股利回报吗? 年度股利事实上,壳牌公司是每股2.52美元; 麦格劳—希尔公司是每股0.73美元;安进公司 是每股0。00美元。