被动语态lecture12

4……is popular (widespread, common), But is it a fair (wise, reasonable) one? It is now being questioned (challenged) by more and more people.
上课点到制度作为一种传统，在大学中相当普 遍。但这真的是一种合理的制度吗？目前，它 的价值受到越来越多师生的质疑。 Required class attendance
B. has been set up D. is set up





4. No permission has ___for anybody to enter the building. A. been given B. given C. to give D. be giving 5. Your letter ___. A. have received B. has received

2. 人们常说宇宙开发的高端技术将会改善我们 的生活。但事实真的是这样的吗？ exploration / advanced technology We are often shown (told) that…But is this really the case? We are often told that advanced technology of space exploration will make life better on earth. But is this really the case?

主动变被动(后接动作执行者用 “by”) many people speak English. English is spoken by many people. 表示使用材料时: The smoke filled the room The room was filled with the smoke 油漆盖住了锁。 Paint covered the lock The lock was covered with paint.

Exercise
人们认为大麻可以给癌症病人减轻痛苦
（marijuana, relieve pain） 使用毒品应该被合法化，以帮助那些真 正需要它的人（legalize） 社区服务被视为给做错事的人的一个机 会（community service, wrongdoers） 应该限制枪支使犯罪分子不能得到他们 （criminal, keep out of one’s hands）
这个布料很耐洗。 这只笔好写。 This pen writes well. 这理由听起来合理，但实际上侵犯了别人的隐私。 The reason sounds reasonable, but violates other people’s privacy in fact.
（5）写作常用句型
1.It is said/ reported/ announced/ believed/ well-known that... It is a truth universally acknowledged, that a single man in possession of a good fortune must be in want of a wife. Commonly believed that… Widely accepted that…
Once
believed to be a bless, economic boom is now being doubted by an increasing number of people since it is always accompanied by the deterioration of the environment.
Lecture
• 被动语态
语态

动词的语态：பைடு நூலகம்
主动语态:主语是动作的执行者 被动语态:主语是动作的承受者 用法: 一般是在不知道或没有必要知道动作的执行者时用; 或者强调动作的承受者。 功能：更突出客观性的宾语和事实

被动语态的基本构成：助动词be +Vp.p.
被动语态常用时态：
一般时态
现 在 过 去 将 来 过 去 将 来 should/would+be +Vp.p.
e.g.: The baby is looked after carefully.

动词+名词+介词：catch sight of, pay attention to,
fix one’s eyes on, make use of, take care of, make fun of, make use of（重视，充分利用), put an end to, set fire/light to The children were taken care of. Attention must be paid to your pronunciation.

In some parts of the world, tea _____with milk and sugar. A. is serving B. is served C. serves D. served
动词不定式:
to+be+Vp.p.
含情态动词 can(may,might)+be+Vp.p.
进行时态
完成时态
被动语态常用时态：
一般时态
现 在 过 去 将 来 过 去 将 来
进行时态
完成时态
has/have+been+ Vp.p. had been+Vp.p.
(am/is/are)+Vp.p. (am/is/are)+being+ Vp.p. was/were+Vp.p. was/were+ being+ Vp.p.



选择题： 1. The book ___by a famous writer.
A. believe to write B. believed to be written
C. was believed to write D. was believed to be written

2. On her birthday, the girl is looking forward ___a





主动变被动： 1. He gave me a present. 2. My sister made the soup. 3. The workers could find the manager anywhere in the factory. 4. The army engineers and soldiers have built a bridge over the river. 5. He ate the big apple. 6. My brother will repair my bike for me. 7. You must clean your watch once a year. 8. They made us work from morning till night.
政府认为互联网审查制度是预防网上暴力色 情的好方法(internet censorship, violence and pornography) 媒体发表有关名人的八卦新闻，以满足读者 的好奇心（celebrity, gossip, curiosity） 摄像机安装在繁忙的街区，以保护市民的生 命财产（camera, install） 应该在全世界把使用毒品合法化吗？ （legalize）


gift. A. to be given B. to being given C. to give D. to giving
3. This is a photo of the power station that ___in my

home town. A. has set up C. was set up
shall/will be +Vp.p. should/would+be +Vp.p.
shall have been+Vp.p

____the sports meeting might be put off. Yes, it all depends on the weather. A. I've been told B. I've told C. I’m told D. I told


3. When asked about…, the vast majority of people would support A. But others consider B as…

When asked about universities, people hold different points of view. Those who believe that universities provide only abstract theories instead of life experiences may be making a serious mistake. Because universities offer the opportunity to acquire comprehensive knowledge which will pave the way for their career.
我们应当充分利用时间学习 We should make full use of time to study. Full use of time should be made to study.