汉英翻译
汉译英 经典翻译
现在进行课堂讨论,特别 注意对原句的理解和译句 语感的再现
1.上课了? 2.他(听到这话)心里一跳,脸色也变了。 3.三四个酒保,都手忙脚乱,搬东搬西。 4.你不知道,他这个家伙背景复杂,不大讲 面子。
参考译文
上课了? (Have you) Just finished your class? How’s your first class? Has the bell gone? / Am I late for class? 他(听到这话)心里一跳,脸色也变了。 At this his heart missed a beat and he became pale. 三四个酒保,都手忙脚乱,搬东搬西。 The four or five waiters were busy rushing from one to another serving food and drink. (Outlaws of the Marsh) 你不知道,他这个家伙背景复杂,不大讲面子。 Don’t you realize that this fellow has all kinds of dubious connections and that he’s no great respecter of persons?
语言转换与思维
一、语言转换 序
之结构顺
• • • • • • •
(某)主体-行为标志-行为-行为客体 (某)主体-行为-行为客体-行为标志 S+ad. +V+O(C) S+V+O+ad. (E) 试译下列两句: 我30多年来一直没有见过他。
弗瑞德把它拿回家,几天之后,又把它包扎得 漂漂亮亮地送回来了。
•
• •
• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •
汉英英汉翻译理论与实践
Clinton is the first black president .克林顿是第一个重视黑人权益的总统Clinton is the first woman president.克林顿是第一个重视妇女权益的总统1. We want to buy quality steel.我们要买高质量的钢材。
2. I am pleased to be here to offer a U.S. business perspective on one of today’s great quality ch allenges: building a high skills/high wage workforce. 我很高兴能来此介绍一下美国商界对当今我们在素质方面所面临的挑战的看法,这项挑战就是如何建立一支高技术,高薪金的劳动队伍。
3. The president now is on a poverty tour.总统目前正在访问贫困地区。
4. noise abatement procedures. 抑制噪声的措施5. She is on her listening tour of New York.她正在纽约巡回访问,听取群众的意见。
6. Professor Smith is leaving the school. That is a stupid loss.史密斯教授要离开学校了。
这个损失实在是不明智才造成的。
7. The kiss represents the symbolic loss of the most famous American child. 那轻轻的一吻是一个象征,代表这个美国著名的孩子已经长大成人了。
Criminal law 刑法;Criminal layer专门处理刑事案件的律师;Criminal attack构成犯罪的攻击;criminally insane 形式法庭鉴定为患有精神病This is a thought-provokingly different explanation . 这个解释完全不同,但却很能给人启发。
翻译汉英互译
翻译汉英互译
Hello, how are you today?
你好,你今天好吗?
I would like to order a pizza for delivery, please.
我想要点一份外卖披萨。
Could you please tell me where the nearest train station is?
你能告诉我最近的火车站在哪里吗?
I have a doctor's appointment tomorrow morning.
明天早上我有个医生的约会。
Can you recommend any good restaurants in this area?
你能推荐这个地区的一些好餐厅吗?
I will be traveling to China next month.
我下个月将去中国旅行。
What is the weather like today?
今天天气怎么样?
I need to buy some groceries at the supermarket.
我需要在超市购买一些杂货。
Do you have any recommendations for local tourist attractions?
你有推荐的本地旅游景点吗?
Could you please help me with this problem?
你能帮我解决这个问题吗?
Thank you for your help!
感谢你的帮助!。
汉英句子经典翻译
绝妙的翻译汉译英时,多用物称主语。
1.走过草地几步,我们就到了一个华丽的大酒店。
A few steps across the lawn brought me to a large, splendid hotel.2.他的心中充满了恐惧。
Fear gripped his heart.3.清风拂过树梢。
A soft wind kissed the treetops.4.那个寒冷的下午,他在雪地里跋涉。
That chilly afternoon witnessed him trudging in thesnow.5.(我)便觉得有三分怅惘,三分无奈。
然而,思之又觉释然。
A touch of frustration and helplessness comes over me… a second thought brings me relievedcalm.6.他失去了勇气。
Courage deserted him.7.登上甲板,我们便见到了一轮旭日。
The morning sun greeted us as we came out on deck.8.他看到的远处的帆影,点燃了求生的希望。
The appearance of a distant sail kindled his hopeof rescue.9.发怒之后,我不难过,也不后悔。
Neither sorrow nor regret followed my passionate outburst.10.今天青年期,他工作了,恋爱了。
Youth sees him on a job and in love.11.2012年9月我在北京学习。
September 2012 found me studying in Beijing.12.我想不起来他的名字了。
His name escapes me for the moment.13.生日那天,他收到了大量的礼品和贺信。
汉英翻译经典译文
照着镜子,看着,究竟镜子里的那个人,是不是 我。这是一个疑问!在课室 里听讲的我,在院 子里和同学们走着谈着的我,从早到晚, 和世 界周旋的我, 众人所公认以为是我的:究竟那 是否真是我,也是一个疑问! 众人目中口中的我,和我自己心中的我,是否同 为一我, 也是一个疑问! 清夜独坐的我,晓梦初醒的我,一年三百六十五 天之中偶然有一分钟一秒钟感到不能言说的境象 和思想的我,与课室里上课的我,和世界周旋的 我,是否同为一我,也是一个疑问。
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
我
周旋世界的
我呵!在纷 扰烦虑的时 候,请莫忘 却清夜独坐 的我!
The self dealing with the world, please, when confronted with confusion and disturbance, don’t forget about the self sitting alone at still nights.
我
众人目中口中的我, 和我自己心中的我, 是否同为一我, 也是一个疑问!
Whether the one seen or talked about by others and the one in my mind are the same self of mine is a question, too.
12月,《燕大季刊》第一卷第四期发表了 她最早的诗作《影响》《天籁》《秋》,署名婉 莹。还发表了《文学家的造就》《圈儿》《我》 等文。
我
照着镜子,看着,究竟 镜子里的那个人,是不 是我。
Looking into the mirror, I can’t help wondering whether that one in the mirror is me myself. This is a question.
汉译英主要翻译技巧
我已拜读了你的文章,想不到你竟这么年轻。 I have read your articles. I expected to meet an older man.
危险时也要保持冷静。 You should keep calm even when you are in danger.
天高云淡。 The sky is high and the clouds are pale.
车未停稳,切勿上下。 Never get on or off the bus before it comes to a standstill.
替换法
另外一种方法是化学方法。 Another method is the chemical process. / Another
approach is the chemical method.
同极电荷相斥,异极电荷相吸。 Electrical charges of a similar kind repel each other wradictions between ourselves and the enemy
钢铁工业 the iron and steel industry
国际经济新秩序 a new international economic order
社会主义的现代化强国 a modern and strong socialist country
人们常指责他优柔寡断,但这样的指责并非总是公正的。 He has often, not always justly, been accused of indecisiveness.
汉英翻译——精选推荐
e.g. 意见:1、用户对贵方的包装意见很大。
End-users have a lot of complaints about your packing.2、双方价格差距很大,先谈到这里吧!你的意见如何?Since the price gap is very wide between the two parties, shall we suspend the discussion? What's your idea?3、贵方总裁和我们总经理就拟议中的合资项目坦率地交换了意见。
Y our President had a frank exchange of views with our Managing Director on the proposed joint venture project.意思:甲:这一点小意思,请务必收下。
乙:你这个人真是有意思,怎么也来这一套?甲:唉,只是意思意思。
乙:啊,真是不好意思。
A:This is a little gift as a token of my appreciation. Please do take it. B: Oh, aren’t you a bit too polite? Y ou should not do that.A: Well, it just conveys my gratitude.B: Ah, thank you then, though I really do not deserve it.你这是什么意思?请别误会我的意思。
What do you mean by that? Please do not misunderstand me.她被夸得不好意思。
She felt embarrassed by so much praise.让你久等了,不好意思。
I'm sorry to have kept you waiting so long.做了这种事,亏他还好意思说呢!Fancy his doing that sort of thing and then having the nerve to talk about it.人家:1、你们村子上有多少人家?How many households are there in your village?2、他妹妹已经有人家了。
汉英对比翻译-YY
人类随处改变着自然的平衡。有意无意地促进植 物和动物在新地区的生长。他产品,这一切形成了人类文明。他们使许多 已有物种灭绝,却热衷于培育其他物种。
7 In one corner of the American economy supply is steadily exceeding demand: garbage production. Americans are churning out rubbish at the rate of 200 million tons a year, and they are voting and demonstrating not to have that same rubbish dumped or burnt anywhere near them. An environmentalist, nowadays, is somebody who campaigns against municipal incinerators and landfill dumps. His legacy includes the burgefuls of American rubbish now being offered around the world to anybody who will buy them.
1.自从在上海第一次看见这个美丽的少女,他就像着了迷 似地爱上了她。他是个小心谨慎,处事稳健的人,他知道 过早地表露是一种危险,因此,他一直按捺着自己的感情, 只是根据道静的情形适可而止地谈着各种使她中意的话题。 译文:He had fallen in love with a beautiful girl when he first saw her in Shanghai. He was such a cautious and calm man that he knew that too early showing his feeling would be dangerous. Thus, he hided his feelings in his heart and only talked about the topics that Daojing like.
新视野英语第三版第二册汉译英翻译
Unit11.中国书法(calligraphy)是一门独特的艺术、是世界上独一无二的艺术瑰宝。
Chinese calligraphy is a unique art and the unique art treasure in the world.2.中国书法艺术的形成,发展与汉文字的产生与演进存在着密不可分的关系。
The formation and development of the Chinese calligraphy is closely related to the emergence and evolution of Chinese characters.3.汉字在漫长的演变发展过程中,一方面起着交流思想、继承文化的重要作用,另一方面它本身又形成了一种独特的艺术。
In this long evolutionary process, Chinese characters have not only played an important role in exchanging ideas and transmitting culture but also developed into a unique art form.4.书法能够通过作品把书法家个人的生活感受、学识、修养、个性等折射出来,所以,通常有“字如其人”的说法。
Calligraphic works well reflect calligraphers' personal feelings, knowledge, self-cultivation, personality, and so forth, thus there is an expression that "seeing the calligrapher's handwriting is like seeing the person".5.中国书法不仅是中华民族的文化瑰宝,而且在世界文化艺术宝库中独放异彩。
中英文翻译词典
中英文翻译词典
中英文翻译词典(Chinese-English Translation Dictionary)是一种工具书,用于将中文词汇翻译成英文或将英文词汇翻译成中文。
这种词典通常包含大量的单词和短语,以及相关的语法、用法和例句等信息,以帮助用户更准确地理解和使用语言。
现在有许多中英文翻译词典可供选择,包括纸质词典、电子词典和在线词典等。
其中,在线词典具有更新及时、内容丰富、使用方便等优点,因此受到越来越多人的青睐。
一些知名的中英文翻译词典网站包括有道词典、金山词霸、汉典等。
汉英翻译基础----主题翻译
汉英翻译基础----主题翻译Text 1青岛坐落在山东半岛南部,依山临海,天姿秀美,气候凉爽,人称“东方瑞士”。
白天,青岛宛如镶嵌在黄海边的绿宝石,夜里则像一只在大海中摆动的摇篮,难怪许多人乐意来这里疗养。
⑥ Useful Words and Expressions 词汇提示山东半岛Shandong Peninsula依山临水wedged between hills and waters天姿秀美 a beautiful scenery“东方瑞士” “the Switzerland of the Orient”镶嵌inlaid疗养to seek rest and relaxation难怪no wonder⑥ Reference Version 参考译文Qingdao, known as the “Switzerland of the Orient”, is situated on the southern tip of Shandong Peninsula. Wedged between hills and waters, the city is endowed with beautiful scenery and a delightful climate. By day, she looks like a green gem inlaid in the coastline of the Yellow Sea and, at night, a cradle rocking upon the sea waves. No wonder so many people come to seek rest and relaxation.⑥ Translation Difficulty 翻译难点:专有名词专有名词包括地名、人名、书刊名、机构团体名等。
翻译时一般有其习惯的译法,应采用统一的译法和格式。
A.音译的专有名词国名、地名、人名等一般采用音译,并且遵循以下两项原则:(1) 名从主人专有名词的音译应以该名词所在国家的语言发音为准。
汉英翻译——精选推荐
汉英翻译词语意义明确化1.我们搞社会主义才几十年,还处在初级阶段。
We have been building socialism for only a few decades and are still in the primary stage.2.低速度就等于停步,甚至等于后退。
要抓住机会,现在就是还机会。
Slow growth equals stagnation and even retrogression. We must grasp opportunities; the present offers an excellent one.3.看来我们的发展,总是要在某一个阶段,抓住时机,加速搞几年,发现问题及时加以治理,而后继续前进。
It seems to me that, as a rule, at certain stages we should seize the opportunity to accelerate development for a few years, deal with problems as soon as they are recognized, and then move on.词义的褒贬4.人们都在讲南北问题很突出,我看这个问题就是发展问题。
People are saying that the North-South question is very serious. I think it is a question of development.5.在整个改革开放过程中都要反对腐败。
Throughout the process of reform and opening, we must combat corruption.6.对凭借行业垄断和某些特殊条件获得个人额外收入的必须纠正。
We must correct the malpractice of individuals obtaining extra incomes by taking advantage of sectoral monopoly and some special privileges.用词的语气轻重7.我们必须广泛地利用现代科学技术的新成就。
长句翻译汉译英
Long sentence translationCompact vs. Diffuse1门口放着一堆伞,少说也有12把,五颜六色,大小不一。
There are a pile of umbrellas in the door, at least twelve, various colors and different sizes.In the doorway lay at least twelve umbrellas of all sizes and colors.2我厂生产的112升,和145升冰箱造型美观,质量可靠,耗电少,使用安全方便。
The 112 and 145 Liter volumes of fridges made in our factory are with high quality, low power consumption and safely conveniently to use.The refrigerators of 112 and 145 liters manufactured by our plant are noted for their graceful styles, reliable quality, low power consumption, easy operation and safety./easy and safe operation.3 有一个年轻人,名叫颜回,家里很穷,缺吃少穿,insufficient 住的房子又破又小。
(dilapidated )There is a poor young man named Yanhui, insufficient with food and clothes and living in a small dilapidated house.There was a young man. He was called Yanhui. His family was very poor. They did not have enough food to eat and clothing to wear. The house they lived in was small and dilapidated.There was a young man called Yanhui, who was so poor that his family lived in a small, dilapidated house with insufficient food and clothing.4 为了实现儿时的梦想,我毫不犹豫地选择了化学专业。
汉英课文翻译
此人是书就读。
This man reads every book he can reach.是可忍,孰不可忍?If this can be tolerated, what cannot?是古非今Praise the past to condemn the present.知之为知之,不知为不知,是知也。
When you know a thing, to hold that you know it , and when you do not know a thing , to allow that you do not know it — this is knowledge.南京的风俗:但凡新媳妇进门,三日就要到厨下收拾一样菜,发个利市。
这菜一定是鱼,取“富贵有余”的意思。
The custom in Nanjing is for all brides to invite good luck by going to the kitchen on the third day and cooking a fish, which stands for fortune.宝钗笑道:“不用问,狗嘴里还有象牙不成?”“I don’t have to ask, ”retorted Pao—chai,“One doesn’t expect ivory from a dog’s mouth.”去设埋伏我们都没有信心,想他一定在昨天晚上就早溜了,今天去也是瞎子点灯白费蜡。
We had no confidence in today’s ambush because we were sure he had escaped last night. It seemed as useless as a blind man lighting a candle.……只因生得妩媚风流,满学中都送了两个外号:一个叫“香怜”,一个叫“玉爱”。
四级汉译英(完整版)
中国学生母语干涉最强的几个典型翻译(不符合中国思维方式的典型翻译案例)1)The size of my room is three times the size of yours. 我房间的面积是你房间的三倍。
2)Tom bought a same book early this morning as mine.汤姆买了一本和我的一样的书。
3)I was reading a novel when (突然)my mother came in to fetch some books.4)Since he has been late, I will leave some message notes for him.既然他已经晚点了,我就给他留几个便条吧。
5) He eventually succeeded after he experienced (went through)many failures.在经历了许多失败之后,他终于成功了。
6)We got very surprised at his going to school late every day.我们对他天天上学迟到感到惊奇。
7)Everybody was shocked at her killing boyfriend.她能杀了她男朋友,大家都很吃惊。
8)I don’t believe that he can mock/ridicule me.我不相信他会嘲弄我。
9)The climate in Shenyang is warmer than that in Changchun.沈阳的天气比长春暖和。
10)We spent much more money on the project than we had planned to spend.在这个工程上,我们比原计划花费了更多的钱。
11)Wang Tong deals with everything more carefully than I .王同做任何事情都比我认真.12) Situation is actually better than was expected.情况比我们预计的要好。
汉译英翻译(1)(1)
汉译英翻译1. “几点了?”都22了,还不快点”“What is the time?”It is already twenty-two past the hour, so hurry up, then.2.他看见我那辆漂亮的新车就非常眼红。
When he saw my splendid new car, he was absolutely green with envy.Be green with envy 嫉妒的要命Envious=jealous 嫉妒的3.他耸耸肩,摇摇头,两眼看天,一句话也不说。
He shrugged his shoulders, shook his head, cast up his eyes, but said nothing.4. 当老师的应当有耐心。
A teacher should have patience in his work.Teachers should be patient with their students.5. 虚心使人进步,骄傲使人落后。
Modesty helps one to go forward, whereas conceit makes one lag behind.Whereas=while 而Conceit 骄傲,自负 conceited Lag 停滞不前6. 没有调查研究就没有发言权。
He who makes no investigation and study has no right to speak.7. 三个臭皮匠,胜过诸葛亮。
Three cobbles with their wits combined equal Zhuge Liang the mastermind.Cobbles 鞋匠8.老师没布置作业就宣布下课了。
The teacher dismissed the class without any assignment.9. 我们没有闲工夫为这些琐事操心。
汉译英好句
汉译英好句以下是一些中文好句以及对应的英文翻译:1. 一寸光阴一寸金,寸金难买寸光阴。
An inch of time is an inch of gold, but you can't buy an inch of time with an inch of gold.2. 天下无难事,只怕有心人。
Nothing in the world is difficult for one who sets his mind to it.3. 忍一时风平浪静,退一步海阔天空。
Tolerance brings peace, and concession leads to a wider horizon.4. 明日复明日,明日何其多。
我生待明日,万事成蹉跎。
Tomorrow comes and tomorrow goes, with so many tomorrows in a row. If I wait for tomorrow, all my plans will be in vain.5. 勿以恶小而为之,勿以善小而不为。
Do not do unto others what you do not want done to yourself. Do not overlook small kindnesses, and do not commit small evils.6. 虚心使人进步,骄傲使人落后。
Modesty helps one go forward, whereas conceit makes one lag behind.7. 路遥知马力,日久见人心。
A long road tests a horse's strength, and a long-term relationship reveals a person's character.8. 三人行,必有我师。
When three people walk together, I am sure to find a teacher among them.9. 千里之行,始于足下。
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评析:王子与奥菲利娅的对话,特别是王子的说法,许多暗含了性,译文有所回避。 这是朱生豪翻译时的一贯做法,朱生豪认为淫猥语绝不能登大雅之堂,因此翻译男 女之事等内容时则采用转换、回避或删除的“雅化”方法,对原文进行“有意误 读”,其中深层原因之一是译者受本国传统文化中道德因素的影响,对那些有悖于 传统伦理道德的内容存在着潜意识的抗拒。
婚姻
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一年同窗
十年通信1932-1942
两年婚姻1942-1944
据说,朱生豪翻译莎士比亚戏剧 的原因有三个:一是想把译著送 给宋清如做为爱的礼物,二是将 翻译事业当作摆脱迷茫的一剂良 药,三是为中国人争一大口气。 他在给宋清如的信中这样写道: “你崇拜不崇拜民族英雄?舍弟 说我将成为一个民族英雄,如果 把Shakespeare译成功以后。因 为某国人曾经说中国是无文化的 国家,连老莎的译本都没有。”
选词用句
• 例如(2):HAMLET You JIG, You Amble, and You lisp, and Nick-name God's creatures, and make Your Wantonness Your Ignorance. • 译文: 哈姆雷特 你们烟视媚行,淫声浪气, 替上帝造下的生物乱取名字,卖弄你们不懂事的 风骚。 • 评析:四字成语或四字结构在朱生豪译文中担当 重要角色,除了一般的行文或加强语气与分量以 外,也可以起到调节节奏和陈述与列举的作用。
著作
• • • • 有《古诗与古赋》、《雨丝》、《英雄与美人》、 《朱生豪小言集》、《朱生豪情书》 《秋风和萧萧叶的歌》(朱生豪宋清如诗词 集)①①《莎氏乐府本事》、《古梦集》(旧体诗 词、译诗)《小溪集》、《丁香集》(新诗)
我爱宋清如,风流天下闻;红颜不爱酒,秀颊易生氛。 冷雨孤山路,凄风苏小坟;香车安可即,徒此挹清芬。 我爱宋清如,诗名天下闻;无心谈恋爱,埋首写论文。 夜怕贼来又,晓嫌信到频;怜余魂梦阻,旦暮仰孤芳 我爱宋清如,温柔我独云;三生应存约,一笑忆前盟。 莫道缘逢偶,信到梦有痕;寸心怀夙好,常艺瓣香芬。 ——来自朱生豪写给宋清如的信(237) 情书
<Hamlet> ----------朱生豪译文赏析
• 一、音美效果 • 莎士比亚的戏剧尽管是素体诗剧,但是在多数场合都有一定的韵 脚.抑扬顿挫,富于节奏感和音乐感。朱生豪钟情于英国诗歌,同时 他具备深厚的中国古典文学修养和古典诗词的创作才能,阅读他所翻 译的莎士比亚的戏剧可以感受到平仄、押韵、节奏等和谐悦耳的效果。
“要是我们两人一同在雨声里做梦,那境界是如 何不同,或者一同在雨声里失眠,那也是何等有 味。” ——朱生豪和宋清如合葬的墓志铭
翻译
原著宗旨
• 《 〈莎士比亚 戏剧全集〉自序》 余译此书之宗旨,在求于最大可能之范围 内,保持原作之神韵,必不得已而求其次, 亦必以明白晓畅之字句,忠实传达原文之 意趣;而于逐字逐句对照式之硬译,则未 敢赞同。凡遇原文中与中国语法不合之处, 往往再四咀嚼,不惜全部更易原文之结构, 务使作者之命意豁然呈现,不为晦涩之字 句所掩蔽。
译著
• • • • • • • • • • 莎士比亚戏剧集(1—12卷)19541958,人文 奥瑟罗1959,人文⑨ 威尼斯商人1977,人文 哈姆莱特1977,人文 雅典的泰门1977,人文 莎士比亚全集⑩1978,人文 亨利四世1978,人文 温沙的风流娘儿们1978,人文 李尔王1978,人文 罗马史剧(《恺撒遇弑记》,《女王殉爱记》
结语
• 朱生豪在翻译时,尽量模仿了古典戏剧, 翻译难度极大,但译文很成功。译文中采 用了很多文言小句,风格古雅,与原文意 图颇为吻合。且译文中舞台剧感很强,这 点很不容易。 • 朱生豪的译文高贵与俚语兼有,归化与异 化同处,具有很强的演唱性和舞台表演性。 • 朱生豪都是中国莎剧翻译界的泰斗,对莎 剧在中国的传播作出了巨大贡献.朱生豪 译本是中国莎译史上的一座里程碑。
译文: 有谁能解答这一哑谜, 是境由爱造?是爱逐境移? 失财势的伟人举目无亲; 走时运的穷酸仇敌逢迎。 这炎凉的世态古今一辙: 富有的门庭挤满了宾客; 要是你在穷途向人求助, 即使知交也要情同陌路。 把我们的谈话拉回本题, 意志命运往往背道而驰, 决心到最后会全部推倒, 事实的结果总难符预料。 原文: For 'tis a question left us yet to prove, Whether love lead fortune, or else fortune love. The great man down, you mark his favourite flies; The poor advanced makes friends of enemies. And hitherto doth love on fortune tend; For who not needs shall never lack a friend, And who in want a hollow friend doth try, Directly seasons him his enemy. But, orderly to end where I begun, Our wills and fates do so contrary run That our devices still are overthrown; Our thoughts are ours, their ends none of our own:
汉英翻译
名家介绍之 朱生豪
生平介绍
• 朱生豪(1912年2月2日-1944年 12月26日),原名朱文森,又名文 生,学名森豪,笔名朱朱、朱生等, 中国浙江省嘉兴人,是中国翻译莎 士比亚作品较早和最多的一人,译 文质量和风格卓具特色,为国内外 莎士比亚研究者所公认。出生于浙 江嘉兴南门的一个破落的小商人家 庭,10岁丧母,12岁丧父,生活贫 苦。兄弟三人,他为长子,由早孀 的姑母照顾。入学后改名朱森豪。 主修中国文学,同时攻读英语。具 有很高的文学素养、英语水平和翻 译能力。大学二年级时参加“之江 诗社”,他的才华深得教师及同学 的称赞。
• 例
• (1):KING Have you heard the argument? Is there no offence in 't? • 译文: 国王 这本戏是怎么一个情节?里面没有什么要不得的地方 吧? • 2):OPHELIA O,woe is me,T'have seen what I have seen,see what I see! • 译文:奥菲利娅 啊!我好苦,谁料过去的繁华,变作今朝的泥土!
语体风格
• 莎士比亚的语言是极为难懂的.这并不是因为语言古 旧,而是因为他除了运用书面语以外,还大量运用了 那个时代生动活泼的口语。口头艺术对于一般中下层 市民而言,是他们最便于领会、掌握,也是最大众化 的艺术。它能适应各种情绪。莎士比亚当年主要是为 演出而写作.考虑得更多的是舞台上的演员和剧院里 的观众,而不是案头的读者。 • 朱生豪选择了极具表达力的口语化的文体,恰如其分 地再现了剧中角色的不同身份.使读者感受到人物的 喜怒哀乐。
• 1933年大学毕业后,在上海世界书局任英文编辑, 参加《英汉四用辞典》的编纂工作,并创作诗歌。 写有诗集多种,均毁于战火。同时还在报刊上发 表散文、小品文。 • 1936年春着手翻译《莎士比亚戏剧全集》进行。 为便于中国读者阅读,打破了英国牛津版按写作 年代编排的次序,而分为喜剧、悲剧、史剧、杂 剧4类编排,自成体系。1941年日军进攻上海,辗 转流徒,贫病交加,但仍坚持翻译,先后译有莎 ②剧31种,建国前出版27种,部分散失,后终因 劳累过度患肺病早逝。
语言的雅俗
• 粗俗语是莎剧的一大特色.插科打诨的语言妙趣 横生,对增强舞台效果起了不小的作用。 • 梁实秋说道:“莎氏剧中淫秽之词,绝大部分是 假藉文字游戏,尤其是所谓双关语。朱生豪先生 译《莎士比亚全集》把这些部分几完全删去。他 所删的部分,连同其他较为费解的所在,据我约 略估计,每剧在二百行以上,我觉得很可惜。我 认为莎氏原作狠亵处,仍宜保留,以存其真。” 朱生豪确实对原文中不甚雅驯的语句作了不少 “净化”处理。
推荐阅读
• • • • 《莎士比亚全集》人民文学出版社出版 《朱生豪小言集》人民文学出版社出版 《朱生豪情书》 上海社会科学院出版社出版 《秋风和萧萧叶的歌》人民文学出版社出版
谢谢观看 Thank you for watching!
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例如(1):HAMLET No, good mother, here's metal more attractive. POLONIUS Oho! do you mark that? HAMLET Lady, shall I lie in your lap? OPHELIA No, my lord. HAMLET I mean, my head upon your lap? OPHELIA Ay, my lord. HAMLET Do you think I meant country matters? OPHELIA I think nothing, my lord. HAMLET That's a fair thought to lie between maids' legs. 译文:哈姆雷特:不,我的好妈妈,这儿有一个更迷人的东西哩。 波洛涅斯:(向国王)啊哈!您看见吗? 哈姆雷特:小姐,我可以睡在您的怀里吗?奥菲利娅:不,殿下。 哈姆雷特:我的意思是说,我可以把我的头枕在您的膝上吗? 奥菲利娅:嗯,殿下。 哈姆雷特:您以为我在转着下流的念头吗? 奥菲利娅:我没有想到,殿下。 哈姆雷特:睡在姑娘的大腿中间,想起来倒是很有趣的。
• 评析:朱生豪在翻译时,心中始终装着戏剧的舞台表演功能。 并且审辨语调是否顺口。音节之是否调和。典型的汉语口语 或戏剧道白的语言,为译文增色不少。 • 缺点:译文当中,有几处翻译时添加的语气词,如“啊”• • • • • • • • • • • • 译文在选字和用词上追求典雅和哲理,讲究概括和气势。 例如(1):HAMLET 哈姆莱特 For who would Bear for the Whips and Scorns of time 谁愿意忍受人世的鞭挞和讥嘲、 The oppressor's wrong, the proud man's contumely, 压迫者的凌辱、傲慢者的冷眼、 The pangs of despized love, the law's delay, 被轻蔑的爱情的惨痛、法律的迁延、 The insolence of office, and the spurns 官吏的横暴和费尽辛勤 That patient merit of the unworthy takes, 所换来的小人的鄙视, When he himself might his quietus make 要是他只要用一柄小小的刀子, With a bare bodkin? 就可以清算他自己的一生?