5种简单句(课堂PPT)

状语
Adverbial
由副词、不定式及其短语、介词短语、以及 状语从句等担当
主宾 补语
Object Complement
由名词、形容词、动名词、不定式、介词短
语、名词性从句等担当
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句子成分(Elements of the Sentence)
主语:表示句子说的是什么人或什么事, 谓语:说明主语做什么，是什么或怎么样 宾语:表示动作行为的对象 宾语补足语:补充宾语的成分 表语:说明主语的性质或特征,位于系动词之后。
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Ｓ
1. Time 2. The sun 3. The man 4. Everybody
基本句型 一
+ Ｖ（主＋谓）
flies. rises. cooked. laughed．
此句型中动词是不及物动词,能表达完整意思，没有直接 宾语。主语可有修饰语---定语，谓语可有修饰语---状语
如，The red sun rises in the east.
Subject + Link Verb + Predictive 4. 主语 + 动词 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语
Subject + Verb + Indirect Object + Direct Object
5. 主语 + 动词 + 宾语 + 宾补
Subject + Verb + Object + Complement
句 的句子
the exam.
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判断下列句子是简单句、并列句还是复合句：
1. We often study Chinese history on Friday
afternoon. 简单句
复合句
2. The boy who offered me his seat is called
Tom.
简单句
3. There is a chair in this room.
There are thirty women teachers is our scho（ol.名词） His rapid progress in English made us surpr（is代ed词. ） Our monitor is always the first to enter the classroom.
Five Types of Simple Sentences 简单句的五种类型
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十大词类(Parts of Speech) 英语中的词可以根据词义，句法作用 和形式特征分为十大词类：名词、代 词、动词、形容词、副词、介词、冠 词、连词、数词、感叹词。
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词 英语 类 名称
意义
n. 表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称
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例如：
The water is boiling .
S
V
They have been waiting there for hours .
S
V
The train will leave soon .
S
V
The flags are waving in the wind
S
V
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Ｓ+
基本句型 二
Ｖ+
Ｐ（主＋系＋表）
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同位语: 对其前面的名词代词做进一步解释. That is Mr. Chen, our English teacher.
插入语: 对一句话作一些附加的解释. To be honest, I don’t quite agree with you.
定语，状语，同位语及插入语可以称为 附属句子成分。
1. He
is
2. The dinner smells
3. The weather became
tall and strong. good. warmer.
系动词主要是指be动词的各种变化形式，也包括 那些有时起系动词作用的实义动词。
此句型中谓语动词都不能表达一个完整的意思， 必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复 合谓语，才能表达完整的意思。
（不定式） The t（ea动ch名in词g ）plan for next term has been worked out. He is reading an article about how to learn English.
Tom is a boy who likes music very much（. 介词短语）
a child. 复合句
7. Neither has he changed his mind, nor will he do so. 并列句
8. What he said at the meeting is very important. 复合句
9. The farmer is showing the boy how to plant a tree. 简单句
4. My brother and I go to school at half past seven in the morning and come back home at seven in the evening. 简单句
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5. He is in Class One and I am in Class Two. 6. He was fond of drawing when he wa并s列ye句t
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句子成分(Elements of the Sentence) 组成句子的各个部分叫句子成分，主要 有：主语、谓语、表语、宾语、定语、 状语、补语、插入语、同位语等，其中 主语和谓语是句子的主要成分。
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句子 成分
英语名称
可充当这些成分的词和结构
主语 谓语 表语
Subject Predicate Predicative
go, run, fall, come, • grow
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He is a good student.
SV P
She is in the classroom.
SV
P
It is getting warmer and warmer.
主语 + 动词 + 宾语 + 宾补
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Five Types of Simple Sentences:
1. 主语 + 不及物动词 Subject + Intransitive Verb 2. 主语 + 及物动词 + 宾语
Subject + Transitive Verb + Object 3. 主语 + 系动词 + 表语
10. Both Tom and Jack enjoy country
music. 简单句
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Five Types of Simple Sentences 简单句的五种句型
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简单句的五种基本结构：
1. _T_h_e_s_u_n_ r_is_e_s_. 主语 + 不及物动词 2. _I d__o_n_’t_l_i_k_e b__a_sk_e_t_b_a_l_l.主语 + 及物动词 + 宾语 3._D_a_n__n_y i_s t_i_re_d_. 主语 + 系动词 + 表语 4. H_e s_h_o_w_s m__e a_b_o_o_k_. 主语 + 动词 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语 5. _I f_o_u_n_d_ t_h_e_o_l_d_m__a_n_in__g_o_o_d__h_e_a_lt_h_
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She put the eggs into the basket with great care.方式 状语 She came in with a dictionary in her hand.伴随状语 In order to catch up with the others, I must work harder.目的状语 He was so tired that he fell asleep immediately. 结 果状语 She works very hard though she is old. 让步状语 I am taller than he is. 比较状语
2、不及物动词(vi.)：本身意义完整，不需跟宾语。 eg. Birds fly. He works in the factory.
3、系动词：系动词本身虽有一定的词义，但不完整，不 能单独作谓语，必须和作表语的词语(如形容词,名词 等)连用,构成谓语。如：be (是), look(看起来像), become (成为,变得)等。 eg. They are teachers. He became very interested in science.
虚 prep. 表示名词、代词等与句中其他词的关系 词 conj. 用于连接词与词、短语与短语或句子与句子
interj. 表示说话人情感或口气
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需要弄清楚的几个概念：
1、及物动词(vt.)：后面带有宾语，意思才能完整。 eg. They want some books. He is reading a book.
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句子分类
分类
说明
由一个主语或并列主 简 语和一个谓语或并列 单 谓语构成的句子。即 句 一套主谓关系。
例句
1. Tom and I found her there. 2. We all breathe, eat and work.
由并列连词
1. He likes eggs, but he doesn’t like
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Five Types of Simple Sentences: