高考英语语法专题复习讲义-非谓语动词
高考英语总复习--非谓语动词含解析
高考英语总复习--非谓语动词含解析一、单项选择非谓语动词1．When Peter speaks in public, he always has trouble _ the right things to say. A．thinking of B．to think of C．thought of D．think of【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。
句意：当Peter在公众场合说话的时候，他总是很难想到合适的说话的内容。
have trouble（in） doing sth 做某事有困难。
故选A项。
2．Someone who lacks staying power and perseverance is unlikely to ______ a good researcher. A．make B．turnC．get D．grow【答案】A【解析】考查动词辨析。
make表示“发展成为(=develop into)”，是及物动词；turn表示“变成，成为”是不及物动词；get“变成，做成”是不及物动词；grow表示“生长，成长”。
根据句意“缺乏智能和毅力的人是不可能成为一个好的研究人员的。
”及句式结构可知，此处应使用及物动词表示“使成为”之意，make a good researcher 意为“成为一个出色的研究者”。
故最佳答案应为A项。
3．Premier Li Keqiang delivered a speech at the conference, _________ university graduates to start their own business.A．encouraging B．to encourageC．having encouraged D．encouraged【答案】A【解析】非谓语动词结构作非限定的后置定语，修饰先行词演说（“a speech”）。
动词鼓励（“encourage”）与先行词构成主动关系，且为进行动作，因此用现在分词进行形式。
高考英语重难点语法讲解 非谓语动词
高考英语重难点语法讲解非谓语动词高考英语重难点语法讲解-非谓语动词高中语法——非限定动词一、非谓语动词种类在英语中，不充当句子谓语但具有除谓语以外的其他语法功能的动词称为非谓语动词。
非限定动词有动词不定式（theinfinitive）；动名词（thegerund）；现在分词（thepresentparticiple）；过去分词（thepastparticiple）。
二、分类：（1）不定式的形式：主动被动一般式towritetobewritten进行式tobewriting/完成式tohavewrittentohavebeenwritten否定式not+(to)do1）一般式：不定式的一般式所表示的动作与谓语动词动作同时发生或发生在谓语动词动作之后，例如：i’mgladtomeetyou.heseemstoknowalot.weplantopayavisit.hewantstobeanartist.患者要求进行一次手术。
theteacherorderedtheworktobedone.2）进行式：不定式的进行式所代表的动作与谓语动词的动作同时发生，例如：男孩继续努力工作heseemstobereadinginhisroom.3）完成式：不定式的完成式表示动作发生在谓语动词的动作之前，例如：iregrettedtohave toldalieihappenedtohaveseenthefilm.heispleasedtohavemethisfriend.（2）动名词的形式：voice 1式一般式完成式否定式1）一般式：主动语态“什么都没做”+动名词被动语态“被看见”就是“看见”就是“相信”。
2）被动式：他没被邀请就去了派对。
他没有被邀请就来参加聚会了。
3）完成式：我们记得看过这部电影。
我们记得看过这部电影。
4）完成被动式：他在五年前卖掉了肯托广州的啤酒。
他忘了五岁时被带到广州。
5）否定：不+动名词iregretnotfollowinghisadvice.我后悔没听他的劝告。
高考英语语法考点复习课件-非谓语动词(强力推荐)
qualification for the job.
Jack's suddenly disappearing made them worried.
熟 读 深思 2. 不定式、动名词和分词作表语
(1) What I would suggest is to start work at once.
(2) His hobby is collecting stamps.
熟 读 深思 1. 不定式和动名词作主语 It is not very good for you to smoke so much.
Climbing mountains is interesting.
is no use/good crying. 规则 1：动名词作主语通常表示抽象动作， 而不定
式作主语表示具体动作。
动词不定 动名词 现在分词 过去分 doing doing 式 to do 词 done to do doing doing done to be done being being 无 done(被 done(正在 ……) 被……) 形 having having 主动完成式 to have 无 式 done done done having having 被动完成式 to have 无 been done been been done done 否定式 在上述各种非谓语动词形式之前直接加not
归 纳 总结
规则4：get, become, look, seem, appear, remain等系动词 后都可跟 done ，表示被动或主语的状态 。如 remain seated/hidden, get paid/dressed/changed /stuck/hurt/injured/burnt等。19,97 What the workers have been told is that they get paid by the hour. 常用be done＋介词短语表示所处的状态，如下： be addicted to…沉迷于……/ be absorbed in…全神贯注 于…… be aimed at…旨在/意图…… be armed with…有……装备 be buried in…埋葬在……
高考英语非谓语动词高三语法复习---非谓语动词--经典学案讲义
高考英语非谓语动词高三语法复习---非谓语动词经典学案讲义高三语法复习---非谓语动词非谓语动词包括不定式，动名词和分词。
它们是高中所学的基础语法，也是高考必考内容。
既是高考的难点又是高考的热点。
真正领悟非谓语动词的用法要具备以下基础知识：①具有句子结构的知识，会分析句子成分。
④具备各种复合句的知识，能够拆析复合句和长难句五种句型：1. 主+ 系+ 表We are students.2. 主语+动词（不及物）We work.3. 主语+动词（及物）+宾语He plays the piano.4.主语+动词（及物）+直接宾语+间接宾语She gave me a pen.5. 主语+动词（及物）+宾语+宾语补足语He made the boy laugh. We call him Jack We elected him chairman.（有些动词后面只能用Ving 做宾语，有些只能用不定式做宾语，有些两者皆可。
必须弄清以下常考词的搭配、意义及区别）A:不定式做宾语练习(解题技巧：记忆动词搭配, 做题事半功倍)：1 To tell you the truth, I’d rather read than watch television; the programs seem _____ all the time.A. to get worseB. to be getting worseC. to have got worseD. getting worse2 I don't know whether you happen ______ it , but I'm going to study in the U.S.A. this September.A. to be heardB. to be hearingC. to hearD. to have heard3. Do let your mother know all the truth. She appears ______ everything.A.to tellB. to be toldC. to be tellingD. to have been told4 Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple, but it remains ______ whether they will enjoy it. A. to see B. to be seen C. seeing D. seen5 When his father came back, the boy pretended ________his homework.A doingB to doC to doingD to be doingB 动名词做宾语练习：1 . I am busy _____ for the entrance examination, so I can’t help _____ housework at home.A. preparing; doingB. preparing; to doC. to prepare; doingD. to prepare; to do2 Whatever trouble Mr. White had ____ with the case, he would stick to his own opinion.A. dealB. to dealC. dealtD. dealing3 The woman found it no good _____ her daughter too much money.A. givingB. being givenC. givenD. gave4 Rather than ___ on a crowded bus ,he always perfers ___ a bicycle.A ride ;rideB riding ; rideC ride ; to rideD to ride ; riding5 Tony was very unhappy for ______ to the party.A. having not been invitedB. not having invitedC. having not invitedD. not having been invited6 One learns a language by making mistakes and ______ them.A. correctB. correctingC. correctsD. to correct7 I really appreciate ______ to relax with you on this nice island.A. to have had timeB. have timeC. to have timeD. having time8 Sandy could do nothing but ______ teacher that he was wrong.A. admitB. admittedC. admittingD. to admit9 Mr. Reed made up his mind to devote all he had to ______ some schools for poor children.A. set upB. setting upC. have set upD. having set up10 In order to gain a bigger share in the international market, many state-run companies are striving ______ theirproducts more competitive.A. to makeB. makingC. to have madeD. having made）11 Victor apologized for ______ to inform me of the change in the plan.A. his being not ableB. him not to be ableC. his not being ableD. him to be not able12 The first thing that probably needs _____is to ask your mother’s advice.A to doB to be doneC being doneD be done13 I had no choice but ________.A do as you tell meB to do as you told meC to do what you’ll sayD doing as you say14 Police are now searching for a woman who is reported to ______ since the flood hit the area last Friday.A have been missingB have got lostC be missingD get lost15 They look forward with hope ________ a chance to receive further education.A of gettingB to getC to gettingD in getting宾语补足语的区别：练习：(解题技巧：记固定搭配，辩逻辑关系)A 固定句型sb/sth be said/believed/ reported/ considered/ thought to do /to be doing /to have done 要分清练习：1 Linda is thought to_____ in Africa, but I really don’t know what country she’s working in.A. have workedB. workC. be workingD. be worked2 Robert is said _____ abroad ,but I don’t know what country he studied in.A to have studiedB to studyC to be studyingD to have been studying3 The flu is believed ______ by viruses that like to reproduce in the cells inside the human nose and throat.A. causingB. being causedC. to be causedD. to have caused4 John Bell was generally considered ________ the first telephone.A inventingB to inventC having inventedD to have invented.B 弄清以下搭配及其意义1.感官动词see, watch, observe, hear, listen to, notice等后面的宾补有3种形式（do/doing/done），doing表主动或正在进行，done表被动或完成，do表主动和完成（被动句中to 还原）。
高考英语语法专攻-《非谓语动词》-考点归纳+针对性练习
高中英语语法专攻-《非谓语动词》【考点1-形式】非谓语动词，又叫非限定动词，非谓语动词是指在句子中不是谓语的动词，主要包括不定式、动名词和分词（现在分词和过去分词），即动词的非谓语形式。
非谓语动词除了不能独立作谓语外，可以承担句子的其他成分。
1. 不定式①基本形式：to do（表示主动，并且一般表示将来）②被动式：to be done（表示被动，并且一般表示将来）③进行式：to be doing （表示主动和进行）④完成时：to have done（表示主动和完成）⑤完成被动式：to have been done（表示被动和完成）⑥完成进行式：to have been doing （表示主动和完成进行）The teacher told us to do morning exercises. 老师让我们做早操。
The car to be bought is for his sister. 要买的这辆车是给他的姐姐的。
She pretended to be reading when the teacher came into the classroom.老师进来时，她假装正在读书。
The thief is said to have escaped. 据说小偷已经逃跑了。
The thief is said to have been arrested. 据说小偷已经被抓住了。
She is said to have been working in the factory over the last 20 years.据说在过去的20年里，她一直在这家工厂工作。
2. 动名词①基本形式：doing （表示主动）②被动式：being done（表示被动）③完成式：having done（表示主动和完成）④完成被动式：having been done（表示被动和完成）Travelling in space by ordinary people will be common in the future. 在未来，普通人在太空旅行将会是普遍的事情。
高中英语语法-非谓语动词详解
非谓语动词教学重点1，非谓语动词和谓语动词的区别；2，非谓语动词的各种形式和应用；3，非谓语动词的考点解析。
一、非谓语动词与非谓语动词的区别1.谓语动词在句中可单独作谓语，而非谓语动词不能单独作谓语。
如：Miss Mary teaches us English . 玛丽教我们英语。
（teaches是谓语动词。
）Mr Victor came to our classroom to have a talk with us last week.维克托先生上周末来到了我们教室和我们谈话。
（to have a talk不定式作状语）2.谓语动词受主语的人称和数的限制，而非谓语动词形式没有这种限制。
如：Tom likes the pop music. 汤姆喜欢流行音乐。
（动词用第三人称单数形式）Tom has nothing to do today. 汤姆今天没有什么事要做。
（do用原形）二、非谓语动词的各种形式和应用非谓语动词主要包括不定式、动名词和分词。
其动能和形式如下：非谓语动词在句中所做的成分如下：三、考点解析非谓语动词一直是高考中的热点。
解答非谓语动词的题目时，一定要解析句子结构，确定所设空是谓语动词还是非谓语动词，以及非谓语动词在句子中充当的功能(如状语、定语或宾补)；找准相关动词的逻辑主语，确定该动词与逻辑主语是什么关系(主动还是被动)；搜索句子中相关的时间信息，确定非谓语动词的恰当形式。
1 动名词和不定式作表语①如果表语是不定式，主语也是不定式；表语是动名词，主语也是动名词。
如：To see is to believe.＝Seeing is believing.②动名词作主语的句型。
如：It is no use/no good/useless doing sth.It is a waste of time doing(也可用It is a waste of time to do)③动词不定式和动名词的复合结构：动词不定式的复合结构有两种：It is difficult/easy/possible/necessary/...for sb. to do sth.和It is kind/wise/foolish/considerate/...of sb. to do。
高考英语语法核心考点专项复习08：非谓语动词
高考英语语法核心考点专项复习08：非谓语动词非谓语动词是动词的一大分类，是高中阶段考察最多也是最难的知识点，是学生头疼的一大难题。
本专题从非谓语的分类、判定、用法、题型和考点来讲解，并配以习题练习。
目的：掌握非谓语的形式，学会判别谓语与非谓语，熟练常考题型和用法。
一、非谓语动词分类现在分词doing过去分词done不定式to do动名词doing二、判断非谓语动词非谓语动词作为动词的形式变化，无法充当句子中的谓语动词，因为非谓语动词没有时态的变化。
非谓语动词三种基本形式：to do（不定式），doing（动名词／现在分词），done（过去分词）【精讲精练】请分别找出谓语动词和非谓语动词。
swim，drunk，observed，playing，done，conduct，read，come，having finished，having been done谓语动词：________________________________________________________________非谓语动词：______________________________________________________________【小试牛刀】一. 请用不同标记分别画出下列句子中的非谓语动词和谓语动词。
1. The remaining twenty patients were transferred to another hospital.2. I rea lly understood the meaning of the proverb, “Helping others is the source of happiness.”3. We should lay more emphasis on protecting the surroundings.二. 请用不同标记画出文章中的谓语动词和非谓语动词。
With curiosity, we listened attentively, asking questions and taking notes. The camel ride on the third day was surely the most exciting part of our tour. Looking far into the desert, I pictured how ancient Chinese travelled along the Silk Road. How time flew! Soon it was the last day of our tour. At the train station, we took a p hoto holding a banner with “ Cultural Tour along the Silk Road” on it.二. 非谓语动词的主被动上面讲解了三大基本非谓语动词的主动形式，下面对于每种形式的被动形式进行列举：【精讲精练】请写出下面非谓语动词对应的主动形式／被动形式。
非谓语动词高考英语专题讲解_
非谓语动词1.非谓语动词的语法功能(注：常见作独立成分的非谓语动词)to tell you the truth(实话说)，needless to say(不用说)，to be honest/frank(老实说，坦白说)，to be more exact(更确切地说)，to make things worse (更糟的是)，not to mention…(更不用说)，Generally / Frankly / Roughly speaking (一般说来 / 坦白说 / 粗略地说)（一）辨别谓语与非谓语(特别注意分析句子的结构才能辨别谓语与非谓语。
)①The traffic rule says young children under the age of four and __ less than 40 poundsmust be in a child safety seat.A. being weighedB. weighsC. weighedD. weighing②______ blood if you can and many lives will be saved.A. GivingB. GiveC. GivenD. To give（二）非谓语作主语、宾语的重点1.it充当动词不定式的形式主语或形式宾语①It is important for us to learn English very well.②I think it important for us to learn English very well.it作形式主语使用动名词的句型①It is no use/no good/useless+doing sth.Eg:It is no use crying.②It is fun(a great pleasure, a waste of time)Eg:It is a waste of time trying to explain.2.用不定式还是用动名词作宾语有特殊规定①I don’t want ____ like I’m speaking ill of anybody, but the manager’s plan is unfair.A. to soundB. to be soundedC. soundingD. to have sounded类似的知识点要记牢。
高考英语非谓语动词精品讲义
高考英语非谓语动词讲义第一部分、非谓语动词种类及句法功能（一）概述在英语中，不作句子谓语，而具有除谓语外其他语法功能的动词，叫做非谓语动词。
非谓语动词有动词不定式（the Infinitive）；动名词（the Gerund）；现在分词（the Present Participle）；过去分词（the Past Participle）。
1、非谓语动词与谓语动词的相同点有：1）如果是及物动词都可与宾语连用，例如：They built a garden.They suggested building a garden.2）都可以被状语修饰：The suit fits him very well.The suit used to fit him very well.3）都有主动与被动, “体”式（一般式；进行式；完成式）的变化。
例如：He was punished by his parents.（谓语动词被动语态）He avoided being punished by his parents.（动名词的被动式）We have written the composition.（谓语动词的完成时）Having written the composition, we handed it in.（现在分词的完成式）4）都可以有逻辑主语They started the work at once.（谓语动词的逻辑主语）The boss ordered them to start the work.（动词不定式的逻辑主语）We are League members.（谓语动词的主语）We being League member, the work was well done.（现在分词的逻辑主语）2、非谓语动词与谓语动词的不同点有：1）非谓语动词可以有名词作用（如动词不定式和动名词），在句中做主语、宾语、表语。
2）非谓语动词可以有形容词作用（如动词不定式和分词），在句中做定语、表语或宾语补足语。
高考英语复习语法知识专题讲解8---非谓语动词(解析版)
高考英语复习语法知识专题讲解专题八非谓语动词2．寻找逻辑主语寻找逻辑主语，，确定逻辑主语与所给动词之间的关系非谓语动词虽然不能作谓语，但仍具有动词的特点，其逻辑上的动作执行者就是逻辑主语。
分析非谓语动词与其逻辑主语(逻辑上的动作执行者)之间是主动关系还是被动关系(也就是看其逻辑主语是动作的发出者还是承受者)。
如果逻辑主语与非谓语动词之间是主谓关系，则用现在分词形式。
如果非谓语动词与其逻辑主语之间是动宾关系，则用过去分词形式。
但是当含有被动意义时，如果非谓语动词表示的动作尚未发生，则用动词不定式的被动式；如果非谓语动词表示的动作正在进行，则用现在分词形式的被动式。
[例2] The producer comes regularly to collect the cameras (return) to our shop for quality problems. [分析]returned句意：生产厂商定期来收集因质量问题而被退回到我们商店的相机。
句中已有谓语动词comes，因此设空处应为非谓语动词形式；且动词return与其逻辑主语the cameras之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，所以用过去分词作后置定语，故填returned。
3．分析所给动词表示的动作与谓语动词表示的动作发生的先后顺序非谓语动词所发生的时间是一个相对时间，即相对应谓语动词的动作发生的时间而言。
非谓语动词的形式不同，所指时间的含义也不同。
根据非谓语动词与谓语动词的动作发生的先后顺序确定用一般式还是完成式。
如to have done, having done表示该动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前；to be doing, doing表示该动作与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生。
[例3] (work) for two days, Steve managed to finish his report on schedule.[分析]Having worked考生容易误认为在句首设题，应填to work表示目的。
高考英语语法专题复习：非谓语动词讲义(不定式、动名词
高中英语语法专题复习03 非谓语动词（不定式、动名词&现在分词、过去分词）非谓语动词谓语动词在句子中有三种作用：1. 表示动作的时间，tense (时)2. 表示动作的状态，aspect (体)3. 表示动作的语气，mood (气)谓语动词的“时体气”，通过动词变位实现。
例如，The rabbit ate a carrot.The rabbit is eating a carrot.The rabbit has eaten a carrot.谓语动词在句子中受到主语的限制，随之出现了时态和人称的变化，成为一种被限定了的动词，所以也被称为限定性动词(finite verb)。
与之相对的，不受主语限制的动词，称为非限定性动词(non-finite verb)，也就是非谓语动词。
非谓语动词不具备表达时态和人称的作用。
例如，I like to eat carrot.I liked eating carrot.The rabbit likes minced carrot.非谓语动词有四种形式：1. 不定式 infinitive2. 动名词 gerund3. 现在分词 present participle4. 过去分词 past participle谓语动词是简单句的核心动词，非谓语动词只可能出现在其他的句子成分中。
1. 主语例：Swimming makes us hale and hearty.2. 宾语例：Janet suddenly stopped talking.3. 表语/主语补语例：Her wish is to become a doctor in the future.4. 宾语补语例：I invited him to come here.5. 定语例：Don't disturb the sleeping dog.6. 状语例：He went to the supermarket to buy a pen.不定式、动名词句子的核心动词只能由谓语动词充当，而非谓语动词可以充当句子的其他成分。
非谓语动词讲义-高三英语一轮复习
高三一轮复习非谓语动词动词不定式（to do）、分词(现在分词v+ing，过去分词done)和动名词统称为非谓语动词。
现代英语将现在分词和动名词合为一大类叫作v + ing形式。
这些动词的形式不能在句中单独作谓语用，因而没有语法主语。
但可以有逻辑主语。
由于没有语法主语，也就不受人称和数的限定，因为不是谓语，也就没有时态和语态，但这些词仍能表示动作和状态，所以仍有表示与其他动词相对时间关系的形式。
由于与其它词有逻辑上的主谓关系，因此也有表示主、被动的形式，同时也有自己的宾语和状语，一起构成非谓语动词的短语(动词不定式短语，分词短语，动名词短语)。
非谓语动词在英语语法中占有特殊且重要的位置。
非谓语动词形式多样，应用广泛，且在句中起着很活跃的作用，也是语法项目中的重点和难点，学好非谓语动词，才能正确进行口语和书面的交流。
(一）1、动词不定式的形式变化：动词不定式有下列时态和语态的形式变化。
2.动词不定式的基本用法：动词不定式能起名词、形容词和副词的作用，可在句中作主语、表语、宾语补足语、定语和状语用.E.g. 1.做主语： To help each other is good.（动词不定式作主语时，一般可用it作形式主语，而将作主语的动词不定式置于句末，如：It is good to help each other.3..不定式作表语1)不定式作表语一般表示具体动作，特别是表示将来的动作。
To do two things at a time is to do neither．次做两件事等于未做。
4.动词不定式在句中作宾语，如带有宾语补足语时，须先用it作形式宾语，而将该动词不定式后置，如：I don’t think it right to do it that way.作定语：动词不定式作定语时，须位于被其修饰的名词或代词之后，如：Is this the best way to help him? 和定语用的动词不定式如果是不及物动词，不定式后面就要用必要的介词，如：He is the man to depend on. 如果被不定式修饰的名词为place, time, way，不定式后面的介词，习惯上可以省去，如：The old man is looking for a quiet place to live.作状语：动词不定式可以作下列的状语：①目的状语： Every morning he gets up very early to read English（二）ing形式：动词的ing形式也是一种非谓语动词。
高考英语语法专题—非谓语动词
过去分词
√
√
√
√
不定式 todo 作主语：
清单一不定式、ving 作主语
To finish the work in ten minutes is very hard.
To lose heart means failure. 动词不定式短语作主语时，常用 it 作形式主语，例如上面两句可用如下形式：
It is very hard to finish the work in ten minutes.
v-ing 作主语：
Reading aloud is very helpful. 朗读是很有好处的。
Collecting stamps is interesting. 集邮很有趣。 当 v-ing 短语作主语时常用 it 作形式主语。
常用 v-ing 做主语的句型有：
It’s no good (use, fun) doing. It’s (a) waste of time doing. It’s worthwhile doing.
二、 v-ing：
v-ing 的形式：
主动语态
被动语态
一般式 doing
being done
完成式 having done
having been done
否定式：not + v-ing
1.动名词 v-ing 既具有动词的一些特征，又具有名词的句法功能。
1）一般式：
Seeing is believing. 眼见为实。
leave sth. undone 留下某事未做 （宾语和宾补之间是动宾关系，表示被动和完成，一般以 undone, unfinished, unsettled, untouched 为多） leave sb. to do sth. 让/留下某人做某事 leave sth. to be done 留下某事要做 （不定式表示将来的动作。）
高考英语考点精析复习讲义-非谓语动词
第七讲非谓语动词典型例题近年来，高考试题中主要考查了v-ing 形式作原因状语、伴随状语、结果状语的情况。
高考试题中也曾出现过对于补足语的考查，考题设计巧妙、灵活、综合性强。
这要求考生正确理解题意，从语法结构、习惯用法及具体语境等多方面进行分析。
不能孤立地看某一语法知识，而要弄懂整个句子，并通过所给的信息进行分析、推理，从而作出正确的判断。
1．考查非谓语动词的试题常常考查一些常用动词以及特殊动词对其后非谓语动词的形式(不定式、过去分词及v-ing形式)的不同要求。
有时也涉及到非谓语动词的完成式和否定式。
在做非谓语试题时可以分三个步骤：(1)分析句子成分；(2)搞清非谓语动词与其逻辑主语的关系；(3)确定行为时间及先后顺序等。
2．高考对非谓语动词的测试方向：(1)不定式的完成式、被动式和进行式；(2)不定式的省略；(3)测试只能接动名词的动词和接动名词、不定式有区别的动词的用法；(4)现在分词作宾补、作定语、作状语的用法；(5)测试非谓语动词的否定式。
应试同分瓶颈1．非谓语动词的用法是一个系统性、综合性很强的语言点，切不可记住几个条条框框就去乱套。
真正领悟非谓语动词的用法要具备以下基础知识：(1)具有句子结构的知识，要分得清简单句与复合句，陈述句与祈使句。
(2)具有简单句最基本的五种句型的知识，要分得清双宾语和复合宾语。
(3)具有扎实而丰富的动词知识，要分得清及物动词和不及物动词，双宾动词和复宾动词。
一些最基础最常用的动词的用法应当烂熟于胸。
(4)具备各种复合句的知识，能够拆析s。
词左右长度的复合长、难句。
2．解答考查非谓语动词的题目时，一定要保持头脑冷静。
一般要遵循以下解题思路：(1)解析句子结构，确定设空在句子中充当的功能(如状语、定语或宾补)；(2)找准相关动词的逻辑主语，确定该动词与逻辑主语是什么关系(主动还是被动)；(3)搜索句子中相关的时间信息，确定非谓语动词的恰当形式；(4)将该选项置入空中，看是否能够做到字从意顺，或是否能传达有效信息、完成交际任务。
专题复习—用法讲解非谓语动词
非谓语动词知识要点：一、非谓语动词种类及句法功能（一）概述：在英语中，不作句子谓语，而具有除谓语外其他语法功能的动词，叫做非谓语动词。
非谓语动词有动词不定式（the Infinitive）；动名词（the Gerund）；现在分词（the Present Participle）；过去分词（the Past Participle）。
1、非谓语动词与谓语动词的相同点有：1）如果是及物动词都可与宾语连用，例如：They built a garden.They suggested building a garden.2）都可以被状语修饰：The suit fits him very well.The suit used to fit him very well.3）都有主动与被动, “体”式（一般式；进行式；完成式）的变化。
例如：He was punished by his parents.（谓语动词被动语态）He avoided being punished by his parents.（动名词的被动式）We have written the composition.（谓语动词的完成时）Having written the composition, we handed it in.（现在分词的完成式）4）都可以有逻辑主语They started the work at once.（谓语动词的逻辑主语）The boss ordered them to start the work.（动词不定式的逻辑主语）We are League members.（谓语动词的主语）We being League member, the work was well done.（现在分词的逻辑主语）2、非谓语动词与谓语动词的不同点有：1）非谓语动词可以有名词作用（如动词不定式和动名词），在句中做主语、宾语、表语。
2）非谓语动词可以有形容词作用（如动词不定式和分词），在句中做定语、表语或宾语补足语。
高考英语非谓语动词用法详解
高考英语非谓语动词用法详解一、考点分析非谓语动词是语法填空的必考考点。
语法填空（常考：分词作宾补、定语、状语）翻译中也会有考点涉及。
不仅如此，掌握非谓语动词的基本用法，对增强书面表达的文采和提高阅读理解能力都有明显的作用。
二、专题详解(一)做主语1.动名词作主语的用法：1）动名词作主语往往表示经常性、习惯性的动作。
2）动名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
3）动名词作主语时，对于一些比较长的动名词短语，一般采用it 做形式主语，v-ing做真正主语注：it 做形式主语，v-ing做真正主语的常用句型是：It is no use crying over spilt milk. 覆水难收。
It’s a waste of time arguing about it.辩论这事是浪费时间There is no joking about such matters.这种事开不得玩笑。
There is no littering about. 不许乱扔杂物。
2.不定式作主语的用法：不定式做主语往往表示具体的特别是将来的动作。
如：It's no use crying over spilt milk.【抽象动作】He realized that to go on like this was wrong. 【具体动作】★★不定式和动名词均能作主语，二者有何区别？1.表示某一具体的动作时，多用不定式；表示比较抽象的一般行为倾向的，多用动名词。
2.动名词作主语时通常位于句首；不定式作主语时常置于句末，用it作形式主语放在句首。
1) Smoking is prohibited here. [抽象]2) It is not very good for you to smoke so much. [具体]Seeing is believing.To see is to believe.若主语和表语都是非谓语动词, 应保持形式上的一致。
高考英语语法专题讲座：非谓语动词
The car to be bought is for his sister. I have a meeting to attend. He has a comfortable house to live in. He has a nice pen to write with. He has no place to live. This is the best way to work out this problem. B.如果被修饰的名词是表示人的名词，或用来修饰序数词、最高级 或no, all, any等限定的中心词，那么不定式和所修饰的词之间时主 谓关系. He was the best man to do the job. She is always the first to come to school.
I will have all my friends come over this weekend. Someone was heard to come up the stairs. C.注意下列结构中用不定式作主语补足语：sb be said/ believed/ known/ reported/ considered/ found/ thought ＋ to do/to be done/ to have done/ to have been done。 He is said to have gone abroad. Heat is considered to be a form of energy. (6)状语 A.不定式常作目的、结果、原因状语等 I am so sorry to hear about your failure in business. She did all she could to save him. They lifted a rock only to drop it on their own feet.
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第二章非谓语动词一、考点聚焦2、动词不定式复心中应注意的几个问题（1）不定式作表语与“be + to do sth.”的异同。
不定式作表语说明主语的内容或性质。
His job is to guard.(说明内容)be + to do sth.(表示按计划要做的事)（2）带不定式作宾语的词语。
下列词语常不定式作宾语：afford、promise、refuse、expect、hope、learn、offer、wish、want、fail、plan、agree、forget、like、prefer、decide、manage、try、arrange、determine、desire 等。
下列动词后可接疑问词+不定式：teach、decide、wonder、show、learn、forget、ask、find、out、advise、discuss等。
（3）如何理解和使用不定式作宾补。
①动词see、watch、notice、hear、listen to、observe、feel、taste、smell、make、let、have 等的宾补用动词原形，变被动时要加to,此时的不定式就是主语补足语。
②常用带不定式作宾补的几种情况：主语+ ask / require / tell / order / force / get / want / like + sb.to do sth.③主语+ think / judge / suppose / believe / consider /imagine/consider / feel + sb. + to be/ to have done④主语+ call on / upon / depend on / wait for / ask for + sb.+ to do sth.（4）不定式作定语的特殊用法。
①下列词语后常接不定式作定语：chance、wish、right、cou rage、need、promise、time、opportunity、way、the first、the second、the last、the only等。
②不定式作定语和所修饰的名词在逻辑上有主谓关系。
There is no one to look after her.③不定式与被修饰的名词在逻辑上有动宾关系。
She is now look ing for a room to live in.（5）不定式作状语的用法。
不定式作状语，修饰动词，在句中表示行为目的、结果、原因。
only to do表示出人意料的结果。
We hurried to the classroom only to find none there .in order(not)to,so as(not)to用来引导目的状语,enough,too, so… as to do, such + 名词… as to do 作结果状语，如:The girl was so kind as to help the old man off the bus.I’m not such a fool as to believe that.（6）不定式的完成时的特殊用法。
①表示不定式中谓语动词发生的动作先于主句的谓语动词发出的动作。
The novel was said to have been published.I regret to have been with you for so many years.seem、appear、be said、be supposed、be believed、be thought、be known、be reported等动词常用于上面句型。
此外，glad、ha ppy、satisfied、sorry、surprised、disappointed后也接完成时，但要注意与一般时的区别。
I’m sorry to keep you wait ing for a minute.对不起，请稍等。
（说话时还未等）I’m sorry to have kept you waiting.对不起，让你久等了。
（说话时已等了很久）②不定式的完成时还可表示“过去本想做某事但未做”的虚拟语气。
（A）should like to / would like to / would love to + 不定式的完成时。
（B）was / were to + 不定式的完成时，表示该做某事或想做但未实现。
（C）expect / hope / mean / promise / suppose / think /want/ wish + 不定式完成时，表示过去未曾实现的愿望。
（7）不定式的省略。
①同一结构并列由and或or连接。
I want to finish my homework and go home.I’m really puzzled what to think or say.特例：To be or not to be,this is a question.He is better to laugh than to cry.(表示对比)②不定式作表语，其前面的主语从句中含有do时，后面的to省略。
What he did was lose the game.③句中含有动词do时，but、except、besides、such as等后面to可省略。
即“前有do,后省to”。
Don’t do anything silly, such as marry him.④主句含有不定式，后面有rather than, rather than后省to。
⑤Why not、had better、would rather、can’t but等词后省to。
如：He could not but walk home.（8）不定式的替代。
多用在同一句或联系紧密的对话中，为了避免重复，作宾语或主补，宾补的不定式再次出现时，to后的内容常承前省略（只保留to即可）。
但如果承前省略的不定式有助动用的have或be任何形式，后应该保留原形be或have。
如：Susan is not what she used to be.—You came late last night. You ought to have finished yourhomework.—I know I ought to have.常见的有：I’d like / love / be happy to.3、动名词复习中应注意的几个问题（1）动名词作宾语。
①下列动词后只能接动名词：suggest, finish, avoid, stop, can’t help, mind, enjoy, require, practise, miss, escape, pardon, advise, consider, imagine, keep, appre ciate, eacape, permit。
②下列动词短语接动名词：leave off, put off, give up, look forward to, feel like, have trouble / difficulty(in) doing sth. devote to, get used to, pay attention to, be fond of, be worth。
③介词后要接动名词。
what about、how about、without、be fond of、be good at等介词后接动名词。
注意on / upon doing sth. = as soon as 引导的从中。
作此意讲时on / upon后也可以接名词。
如on his arrival…。
④动名词作宾语和动词不定式作宾语的区别：it4、分词复习应注意的几个问题（1）现在分词在句中作时间、原因、伴随、条件、结果等状语。
①时间状语（分词作状语前面可加when, while等）Hearing the good news, he jumped with greatjoy.Not having finished her work in time, the boss fired her.②原因状语Seeing nobody at home, he decided to leave them a note③伴随状语The girls came in, following their parents.④结果状语The poor old man died, leaving nothing to his children.注意：现在分词作状语的几个特性。
①时间性。
与谓语动词同时发生，用一般时，如发生在谓语动作之前时则用完成式having done。
②语态性。
与句子的主语之间的关系，是主谓关系或动宾关系。
遵循的规则“主动进行，被动完成”。
③人称一致性。
分词的逻辑主语就是句子的主语。
（2）分词作表语。
S. + be + 动词-ed表示被动，主语是人；S. + be + 动词-ing表示主动，主语是物。
分词作宾补不定式作宾补的区别：感官动词动词原形→做了某事S．+ + 宾语+ 现在分词→正在做某事使役动词过去分词→做了或被做5、复习过去分词应注意的几个问题过去分词作状语，相当于一个状语从句，有来说明原因、时间、条件等。
（1）过去分词作原因状语Tired by the trip, he soon feel asleep.= Because he was tired by the trip, he soon fell asleep.Lost in thought , he almost ran into a car.=As he was lost in thought, he almost ran into a car. （2）作时间状语Seen from the hill, the city looks like a garden. =When the city is seen from the hill, it looks like agarden.（3）作条件状语Given more time, I would have worked out the problem.=If I have been given more time, I would have worked out the problem.（4）伴随状语The teacher came in, followed by some students.=The teacher came in and was followed by some students.分词短语作状语时，通常与主句中的主语在逻辑上一致，但有时它也可以有自己独立的逻辑上的主语，这种结构称为独立主格结构。