四川盆地震旦系_寒武系特大型气田形成分布_资源潜力及勘探发现_邹才能

石油勘探与开发278 2014年6月PETROLEUM EXPLORATION AND DEVELOPMENT Vol.41 No.3 文章编号：1000-0747(2014)03-0278-16 DOI: 10.11698/PED.2014.03.03四川盆地震旦系—寒武系特大型气田形成分布、资源潜力及勘探发现邹才能1，杜金虎2，徐春春3，汪泽成1，张宝民1，魏国齐4，王铜山1，姚根顺5，邓胜徽1，刘静江1，周慧1，徐安娜1，杨智1，姜华1，谷志东1（1. 中国石油勘探开发研究院；2. 中国石油勘探与生产分公司；3. 中国石油西南油气田公司；4. 中国石油勘探开发研究院廊坊分院；5. 中国石油杭州地质研究院）基金项目：中国石油勘探与生产专项“四川盆地乐山—龙女寺古隆起震旦系含油气评价及勘探配套技术研究”（2012ZD01）摘要：2013年四川盆地川中古隆起发现了安岳震旦系—寒武系特大型气田，磨溪区块龙王庙组探明含气面积779.9 km2，探明地质储量4 403.8×108 m3，气藏类型为构造岩性气藏，该领域具备形成万亿立方米级天然气储量规模。

主要取得如下认识：①重新厘定了震旦系、寒武系地层沉积充填序列及划分对比依据。

②晚震旦世—早寒武世早期继承性发育“德阳—安岳”古裂陷槽，控制下寒武统烃源层分布，源岩厚20～160 m、TOC值为1.7%～3.6%、R o值为2.0%～3.5%。

③灯影组发育碳酸盐镶边台地、龙王庙组发育碳酸盐缓坡台地，靠近同沉积古隆起发育大面积颗粒滩。

④大面积发育震旦系灯影组碳酸盐岩缝洞型、寒武系龙王庙组白云岩孔隙型2套主要含气储集层，准同生白云石化和表生岩溶叠加改造形成相对高孔渗储集体，灯影组孔隙度3%～4%、渗透率（1～6）×10−3 µm2，龙王庙组孔隙度4%～5%、渗透率（1～5）×10−3 µm2。

⑤古隆起核部在晚海西—印支期发育大型古油藏，分布面积超过5 000 km2，石油资源量（48～63）×108 t，燕山期发生原位原油裂解成气及斜坡深部分散液态烃裂解成气，提供充足气源。

⑥震旦系—寒武系特大型气田形成和留存主要受“古裂陷槽、古台地、古油裂解气、古隆起”“四古”共同控制。

⑦初步预测震旦系—寒武系天然气资源量总量可达5×1012 m3左右，古隆起及其斜坡带、蜀南坳陷带、川东高陡构造带深层是该层系重点勘探区带。

四川盆地深部安岳震旦系—寒武系原生原油裂解气特大型气田重大发现，在全球古老地层天然气勘探中尚属首次，对开拓全球中深层下古生界—中上元古界古老地层油气领域具有重大科学与实践意义。

图15表4参20关键词：四川盆地；安岳气田；涪陵页岩气田；古裂陷槽；古油藏；古隆起；碳酸盐台地；非常规油气；页岩气；威远页岩气田中图分类号：TE122 文献标识码：AFormation, distribution, resource potential and discovery of the Sinian−Cambrian giant gas field, Sichuan Basin, SW ChinaZou Caineng1, Du Jinhu2, Xu Chunchun3, Wang Zecheng1, Zhang Baomin1, Wei Guoqi4, Wang Tongshan1, Yao Genshun5, Deng Shenghui1, Liu Jingjiang1, Zhou Hui1, Xu Anna1, Yang Zhi1, Jiang Hua1, Gu Zhidong1(1. PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration & Development, Beijing 100083, China; 2. PetroChina Exploration& Production Company, Beijing 100007, China; 3. PetroChina Southwest Oil and Gas Field Company, Chengdu 610051, China; 4. PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration & Development-Langfang Branch, Langfang 065007, China; 5. PetroChina Hangzhou Research Institute of Geology, Hangzhou 310023, China) Abstract:The Anyue Sinian−Cambrian giant gas field was discovered in central paleo-uplift in the Sichuan Basin in 2013, which is a structural-lithological gas reservoir, with 779.9 km2 proven gas-bearing area and 4 403.8×108m3 proven geological reserves in the Cambrian Longwangmiao Formation in Moxi Block, and the discovery implies it possesses trillion-cubic-meter reserves in the Sinian−Cambrian Formations in Sichuan Basin. The main understandings achieved are as follows: (1) Sinian−Cambrian sedimentary filling sequences and division evidence are redetermined; (2)During Late Sinian and Early Cambrian, “Deyang−Anyue”paleo-taphrogenic trough was successively developed and controlled the distribution of source rocks in the Lower-Cambrian, characterized by 20−160 m source rock thickness, TOC 1.7%−3.6% and R o 2.0%−3.5%; (3)Carbonate edge platform occurred in the Sinian Dengying Formation, and carbonate gentle slope platform occurred in the Longwangmiao Formation, with large-scale grain beach near the synsedimentary paleo-uplift; (4)Two types of gas-bearing reservoir, i.e. carbonate fracture-vug type in the Sinian Dengying Formation and dolomite pore type in the Cambrian Longwangmiao Formation, and superposition transformation of penecontemporaneous dolomitization and supergene karst formed high porosity-permeability reservoirs, with 3%−4% porosity and2014年6月邹才能等：四川盆地震旦系—寒武系特大型气田形成分布、资源潜力及勘探发现 279(1-6)×10−3 µm2 permeability in the Sinian Dengying Formation, and 4%−5% porosity and (1−5)×10−3 µm2 permeability in theCambrian Longwangmiao Formation; (5)Giant paleo-oil pool occurred in the core of the paleo-uplift during late Hercynian—Indosinian,with over 5 000 km2 and (48−63)×108 t oil resources, and then in the Yanshanian period, in-situ crude oil cracked to generate gas anddispersive liquid hydrocarbons in deep slope cracked to generate gas, both of which provide sufficient gas for the giant gas field; (6)Theformation and retention of the giant gas field is mainly controlled by paleo-taphrogenic trough, paleo-platform, paleo-oil pool crackinggas and paleo-uplift jointly; (7)Total gas resources of the Sinian−Cambrian giant gas field are preliminarily predicted to be about 5×1012m3, and the paleo-uplift and its slope, southern Sichuan Basin depression and deep formations of the high and steep structure belt in eastSichuan, are key exploration plays. The discovery of deep Anyue Sinian−Cambrian giant primay oil-cracking gas field in the SichuanBasin, is the first in global ancient strata exploration, which is of great inspiration for extension of oil & gas discoveries for globalmiddle-deep formations from Lower Paleozoic to Middle−Upper Proterozoic strata.Key words:Sichuan Basin; Anyue gas field; Fuling shale gas field; paleo-taphrogenic trough; paleo-oil pool; paleo-uplift; carbonateplatform; unconventional oil and gas; shale gas; Weiyuan shale gas field0 引言四川盆地川中古隆起安岳震旦系—寒武系世界级特大型原生气田的发现，结束了自1964年威远震旦系气田发现以来四川盆地震旦系—寒武系天然气勘探停滞的局面。