2012版电力职称英语水平考试(短文判断 字母顺序)
2012年职称英语试题
2012年职称英语试题2012年的职称英语试题旨在测试考生在英语知识与技能方面的能力，包括听力、阅读、写作等多个方面。
以下是对2012年职称英语试题的简要介绍。
听力部分第一节：听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话你将听一遍。
第二节：听下面5段对话或独白。
每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。
每段对话或独白你将听两遍。
阅读理解部分阅读理解主要考察考生对于文章的理解和推断能力，包括阅读并回答相关问题，以及阅读填空。
篇章篇一：The World Tourism Organization (UNWTO) is predicting that international tourist arrivals will reach 1.6 billion by 2020, two years earlier than forecast. UNWTO Tourism 2020 Vision forecasts that internationalarrivals will increase by an average of 3.3% a year until 2020, reaching a total of 1.4 billion tourists by 2020. Growth will be driven by visitors from emerging markets, with arrivals from these countries expected to grow at double the rate of those from advanced economies.According to the latest estimate of the UNWTO World Tourism Barometer, international tourist arrivals grew by 4.4% in 2015, reaching a total of 1.18 billion. In 2014, international tourists reached 1.13 billion.Regional differences can be identified in terms of growth rates and the relative importance of regions as source markets for international tourism destinations. By 2030, Europe will maintain the strongest of all seven UNWTO-defined regions, with international arrivals reaching 744 million, followed by the Americas (537 million), Asia and the Pacific (535 million), Africa (134 million), the Middle East (101 million) and finally, at a considerable distance, the region of South Asia (63 million).For Africa and Asia and the Pacific, growth is projected to be well above the world average, growing at 4.5% and 4.4% respectively. Europe and the Americas, on the other hand, are forecast to grow at 2.7% and 3.1%. Yet despite the slower pace, they will remain the world's second and third most important regions in terms of international arrivals by 2030, with a respective share of 37% and 21% of all arrivals.Although UNWTO's long-term outlook for tourism remains positive, the reducing price-differentials between advanced and emerging economy currencies has been reflected in a weaker demand for travel in advanced economies. In addition, a numerous external factors may yet affect tourism, including global security threats, instability in certain source markets, thelack of travel facilitation or the imposition of travel alerts and warnings by governments.第一节：根据短文内容，从题中所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
2012年电力职称英语考试重点
* She took a _ glance__ at her watch and saw that it was already lunch time.
* I don’t know how I’d __react__ to a situation like the one you have described.
* It’s __up to__ us to give her all the help we can.
* In old times, property was usually handed __down__ to the oldest son at his father’s death.
* Never __trouble trouble_ until _trouble troubles__ you.
* Now that I have lost the notes, we’ll have to __go__ without them.
* Only when the rain stopped __did the sports meeting start_ again.
* Jimmy is the oldest boy and is taller than __any other_ boy in the class.
* Jack almost fell off the cliff but managed to hang __on__ until help came.
2012年职称英语理工类(B级)
2012年职称英语等级考试用书（理工类）第一部分词汇选项词汇1-10第二部分阅读判断第一篇 *Computer Mouse第二篇*Study Helps Predict Big Mediterranean Quake第三部分概括大意和完成句子第一篇 *The Tiniest Electric Motor in the World第二篇*A Strong Greenhouse Gas第四部阅读理解*第三十一篇 Hurricane Katrina*第三十二篇 Mind-reading Machine*第三十三篇 Experts Call for Local and Regional Control of Sites for Radioactive*第三十四篇Batteries Built by Viruses*第三十五篇 Putting Plants to work*第三十六篇 Listening Device Provides Landslide Early Warning*第三十七篇 "Don't Drink Alone" Gets New Meaning*第三十八篇 "Life Form Found" on Saturn's Titan*第三十九篇 Clone Farm*第四十篇 Teaching Math, Teaching Anxiety第五部分补全短文第一篇*Virtual Driver第二篇*Musical Training Can Improve Communication Skills第六部分完型填空*第十一篇 Climate Change Poses Major Risks for Unprepared Cities*第十二篇 Free Statins With Fast Food Could Neutralize Heart Risk目录第二部分阅读判断 (19)第十一篇Computer Mouse (19)第十二篇Study Helps Predict Big Mediterranean Quake (20)第十二篇A Strong Greenhouse Gas (23)第三十一篇Hurricane Katrina (25)第三十二篇Mind-reading 1Machine（B级） (26)第三十三篇Experts Call for Local and Regional Control of Sites for Radioactive Waste (B级) (27)第三十四篇Batteries Built by Viruses (29)第三十五篇Putting Plants to Work (30)第三十六篇Listening Device Provides Landslide Early Warning (32)第三十七篇“Don’t Drink Alone” Gets New Meaning (33)*第三＋八篇"Life Form Found" on Saturn's Titan (34)第三十九篇Clone Farm (36)*第四十篇Teaching Math, T eaching Anxiety (37)第五部分补全短文 (39)第十一篇Virtual Driver (39)第十二篇Musical Training Can Improve Communication Skills (40)第六部分完形填空 (41)*第十一篇 Climate Change Poses Major Risks for Unprepared Cities (41)*第十二篇 Free Statins With Fast Food Could Neutralize Heart Risk (43)第二部分阅读判断 (45)第三部分概括大意和完成句子 (46)第四部分阅读理解 (47)第五部分补全短文 (52)第六部分完形填空 (53)第一部分词汇选项。
职称英语2012年考试
2012年职称英语变化二、2012年教材新增文章（一）阅读判断1.第七篇：Moderate Earthquake Strikes England2.*第十一篇：Computer Mouse（二）概括大意与完成句子1.第六篇：How We Form First Impression2.第十篇：Washoe Learned American Sign Language（三）阅读理解1.第一篇：Telling Tales about People2.第八篇：The Changing Middle Class3.第十篇：A Letter from Alan4.第十一篇：The Development of Ballet5.第十六篇：The Sahara 6.*第十七篇：Eiffel Is an Eyeful（2011年教材中为C级文章）7.*第十八篇：Goal of American Education（2011年教材中为C级文章）8.*第十九篇：The Family9.*第二十篇：Tales of the Terrible Past10.*第二十一篇：Spacing in Animals（2011年教材中为C级文章）11.*第二十二篇：Some Things We Know about Language（2011年教材中为C级文章）12.*第二十三篇：The Only Way Is Up（2011年教材中为C级文章）13.*第二十四篇：Clone Farm（2011年教材中为C级文章）14.*第二十五篇：Income（2011年教材中为C级文章）15.*第二十六篇：Seeing the World Centuries Ago16.*第二十七篇：Importance of Services（2011年教材中为C级文章）17.*第二十八篇：The National Park Service（2011年教材中为C级文章）18.*第二十九篇：Find Yourself Packing It On? Blame Friends（2011年教材中为C级文章）19.*第三十篇："Lucky" Lord Lucan - Alive or Dead20.*第三十三篇：Oseola McCarty21.+第三十四篇：To Have and Have Not22.+第三十五篇：Going Her Own Way23.+第三十六篇：A Tale of Scottish Rural Life（2011年教材中为B级文章）24.+第三十七篇：Pop Music in Africa25.+第三十八篇：Why So Many Children26.+第三十九篇：Eat to Live（2011年教材中为B级文章）27.+第四十篇：Narrow Escape（2011年教材中为B级文章）28.+第四十七篇：Narrow Escape（四）补全短文1.第九篇：Heat Is Killer2.*第十一篇：Virtual Driver（五）完形填空1.第一篇：A Life with Birds2.第二篇：S Lucky Break3.第三篇：Global Warming4.第四篇：A Success Story5.第五篇：Traffic in Our Cities6*.第六篇：Teaching and Learning 7.*第七篇：The Difference between Man and Computer8.*第八篇：Look on The Bright Side9.*第九篇：The First Bicycle10.*第十篇：Working Mothers11.+第十一篇：School Lunch12.+第十二篇：A Powerful Influence13.+第十三篇：The Old Gate14.+第十四篇：Family History15.+第十五篇：Helen and Martin温馨提示：每年教材中新增篇幅的考试几率非常大，是考试复习的重点！职称英语2012年考试全解析】一、职称英语考试难度自1996年推出职称英语考试，根据人事考试网提供的数据来看，全国每年的通过率平均在60%左右。
2012年职称英语考试六大题型备考攻略(精品)
2012年职称英语考试六大题型备考攻略正值2012年职称英语考试全国各地报名之际，同时如何有效的准备职称英语的复习，也是当下广大考生最为关心的问题。
新东方在线网络课堂职称英语辅导名师李玉技根据多年职称英语考试辅导经验，对2012职称英语考试总体情况做了全面的分析，供考生参考。
一、2012年职称英语考试六大题型难度分析六大题型的难度是不一样的，如果将题型的难度由难到易做排序的话，难度最大的是第五个题型补全短文。
补全短文是公认的难度最大的题型，该题型是在一篇文章中挖掉5个句子，然后增加1个左右的干扰选项，要求考生在排除干扰选项的情况下，把这5个句子按照文章出现的先后顺序回归到文章中原来的位置上，一般考生在此题型上得分并不高。
难度排名第二的是阅读判断题型。
阅读判断虽然只有7分（在卷中是第16-22题），但难度相当大，因为这种题型对传统考试思维提出了很大的挑战，选项中除了对、错的选项，还有“未提及”的选项。
对于考生来说，未提及选项是非常难把握的。
排名第三的是阅读理解题型。
阅读理解题型占考试分值最大（每道题3分，共15道题），共45分，因为分值比较重要，所以把它排在第三位。
难度排名第四的是概括大意与完成句子题型。
该题型实际上是将一篇文章的题目做了2遍，一方面要求考生概括文章的段落大意，另一方面要在文章中补全句子。
这种题型得到了各大考试的追捧，比如说考研英语二及英语四级考试。
难度排名第五的是完形填空题型。
完型填空题型难度一般排在英语考试中第一位的，但由于职称考试完形填空一般出自教材中的文章，这种题型主要考查的是对词汇的用法。
职称英语考试中难度最小的是词汇选项题型，词汇选项题型在职称考试中就是选同义词，考生只要通过查词典的方式就可以解决，一般考生都可以得到12分左右。
二、2012年职称英语考试六大题型学习方法每类题型都有适合自己的学习和答题技巧下面我们将分别介绍：首先第一部分是词汇选项(15分)，主要是找同义词。
2012年职称英语考试真题(综合类C级原文及译文)
2012年职称英语综合C真题阅读判断原文及译文Brotherly LoveAdidas and Puma have been two of the biggest namesin sports shoe manufacturing for over half a century.Since1928they have supplied shoes for Olympicathletes, World Cup-winning football heroes,Muhammad Ali,hip hop stars androck musicians famous all over the world.But the story of these two companiesbegins in one house in the town of Herzogenaurach,Germany.Adolph and Rudolph Dassler were the sons of ashoemaker. They loved sport but complained that they could never findcomfortable shoes to play in.Rudolph always said,“You cannot play sportswearing shoes that you’d walk around town with.”So they started making theirown.In1920Adolph made the first pair of athletics shoes with spikes（钉）,produced on the Dasslers’kitchen table.On1st July1924they formed a shoe company,Dassler Brothers Ltd and they worked together for many years.The companybecame successful and it provided the shoes forGermany’s athletes at the1928and1932Olympic Games.But in1948the brothers argued.No one knowsexactly what happened,but family members have suggested that the argument wasabout money or women.The result was that Adolph left the company.His nicknamewas Adi,and using this and the first three letters of the family name,Dassler,he founded Adidas.Rudolph relocated across the River Aurach andfounded his own company too.At first he wanted to call it Ruda,but eventuallyhe called it Puma,after the wild cat.The famous Puma logo of the jumping cathas hardly changed since.After the big split of1948Adolph and Rudolphnever spoke to each other again and their companies have now been incompetition for over sixty years.Both companies were for many years the marketleaders,though Adidas has always been more successful than Puma.A hip hopgroup,Run DMC,has even written a song called“My Adidas”and in2005Adidasbought Reebok,another big sports shoe company.The terrible family argument should really beforgotten,but ever since it happened,over sixty years ago,the town has beensplit into two.Even now,some Adidas employees and Puma employees don’t talkto each other.译文：兄弟般的爱阿迪达斯和彪马半个多世纪以来一直是最著名的运动鞋品牌。
2012年职称英语综合类新增文章篇目(阅读判断、概括大意、阅读理解、补全对话)
2012年职称英语综合类新增文章篇目+表示A级文章；*表示B即文章；其他为C级文章阅读判断（2篇）第七篇Moderate Earthquake Strikes England*第十一篇Computer Mouse概括大意与完成句子（2篇）第六篇How We Form First lmpression第十篇Washoe Learned American Sign Language阅读理解（15篇）第一篇T elling T ales about People第八篇The Changing Middle Class第十篇 A Letter from Alan第十一篇The Development of Ballet第十六篇The Sahara*第十九篇The Family*第二十篇T ales of the T errible Past*第二十六篇Seeing the World Centuries Ago*第三十篇“Lucky”Lord Lucan ----- Alive or Dead*第三十三篇Oseola McCarty+第三十四篇T o Have and Have Not+第三十五篇Going Her Own Way+第三十七篇Pop Music in Africa+第三十八篇Why So Many Children?+第四十七篇Narrow Escape补全短文（2篇）第九篇Heat Is Killer*第十一篇Virtual Driver注：1、+表示A级文章；*表示B即文章；其他为C级文章；2、阅读判断，请参见第4页；概括大意与完成句子，请参见第8页；阅读理解，请参见第13页；补全短文，请参见第43页3、2012年词汇部分与2011年教材相比未作任何变化。
2 最新、最全、最权威的职称英语考试免费辅导资料：《每日一练》、《考试周刊》、《猜单词过考试》、《有问必阅读判断第七篇Moderate Earthquake S trikes EnglandA moderate earthquake struck parts of southeast England on 28 April 2007，toppling chimneysfrom houses and rousing residents from their beds. Several thousand people were left without power1 in Kent County. One woman suffered minor head and neck injuries."lt felt as if the whole house was being slid across like a fun-fair ride,3" said the woman.The British Geological Survey said the 4.3-magnitude quake4 struck at 8:19 a.m. and was centered under the English Channel5，about 8.5 miles south of Dover6 and near the entrance to the Channel Tunnel7.Witnesses said cracks appeared in walls and chimneys collapsed across the county. Residents saidthe tremor had lasted for about 10 to 15 seconds."I was lying in bed and it felt as if someone had just got up from bed next to me." said Hendrickvan Eck，27，of Canterbury8about 60 miles southeast of London."I then heard the sound of cracking，and it was getting heavier and heavier9.It felt as if someone was at the end of my bed hopping up and down."There are thousands of moderate quakes on this scale around the world each year，but they are rarein Britain. The April 28 quake was the strongest in Britain since 2002 when a 4.8-magnitude quake struck the central England city of Birmingham10.The country's strongest earthquake took place in the North Sea in 1931，measuring 6.1 on the Richter scale11. British Geological Survey scientist Roger Musson said the quake took place on 28April in an area that had seen several of the biggest erthquakes ever to strike Britain，including onein 1580 that caused damage in London and was felt in France.12 Musson predicted that it wasonly a matter of time13 before another earthquake struck this part of England. However，people should not be scared too much by this prediction，Musson said，as the modern earthquake warning system of Britain should be able to detect a forthcoming quake and announce it several hours before it takes place. This would allow time for people to evacuate and reduce damage to the minimum.词汇:moderate /'mɔdəri t / adj. 中等的magnitude /'mægnitju:d/ n. 值，强度量topple /‟tɔpl/ v. 倾倒，震倒rouse /ravz/ v. 唤醒tremor /‟tremə (r) / n.震动hop /hɔp/ v. 齐足跳起fun-fair n. 公共露天游乐场scale /skeil/ n. 震级forthcoming /…fɔ:θ‟kʌmiŋ)/ adj. 即将来临的evacuate /i'vækjveit / v. 疏散geological / dʒiə'lɔdʒikəl/ adj. 地质的注释:1. power:电力2. Kent County:肯特郡[位于英格兰东南部]3 最新、最全、最权威的职称英语考试免费辅导资料：《每日一练》、《考试周刊》、《猜单词过考试》、《有问必3.It felt as if the whole house was being slid across like a fun-fair ride. 它(地震)给人的感觉是整幢房子就像游乐场的滑行机一样在滑动.ride是游乐场供人玩乐的乘坐式的活动装置。
国网公司职称英语考试2012版-短文判断(字母顺序排列)
短文判断According to the mode of energy conversion1. Base on energy conversion，power plants are divided into more than 7 categories.(A. Right)2. A power plant tries to transform energy source into electric power.(B .Wrong)3. The power plant generating electricity and supplying steam is called a co-generation plant.(A. Right)4. A power net plan for short and medium term is one of factors in selecting a site．(B .Wrong)5. Two important factors for a new plant plan are fuel supply and ash disposal.(A. Right)6. Environmental protection is less considered in building a new power plant．(B .Wrong)7.Water sources and transportation conditions are not needed to consider in selecting a new site(B .Wrong)8. The total capacity in a newly scheduled plant arranges from 1200MW to 3600MW．(A. Right)9. The number of units exceeds more than six．(B .Wrong)10. The ranks of capacity should be limited within two.(A. Right)Among the criticisms of the Obama administration’s1. The Obama administration’s bank rescue proposal is criticized because the amount of money is too huge．(B .Wrong)2. The word“float”(Para.3)means“to move without an aim”(B .Wrong)3. According to the author, ordinary Americans don’t have much cash these days．(A. Right)4. The bailout plan is so complex and risky that the world’s major banks utterly misjudged them．(B .Wrong)5. The last paragraph indicates that the bailout plan needs support from big investors(A. Right)Australia is a vast continent，the sixth largest in the world1. Australia is a large country and has a relatively large population.(B .Wrong)2. The majority of people living in Australia are city dwellers(A. Right)3. The delivery of education services to people living in remote areas is unimaginable for almost a century．(B .Wrong)4. The attempt to provide educational services to distant dwellers did not take place until 1916．(A. Right)5. The schoolwork was delivered and returned through sealed roads，regular bus routes and air services in the beginning．(B .Wrong)Biomass is a cost-effective source of energy1. As a source of energy, biomass can bring the best possible profits for the lowest possible costs．(A. Right)2. 0ne of the advantages of using biomass is that it is a convenient medium to store energy(A. Right)3. Biomass doesn’t produce enough carbon dioxide and is harmless to the environment(B .Wrong)4. Despite its advantages，biomass is not suitable for commercial uses.(A. Right)5. Only trees and crops can be used as biomass-fuels．(B .Wrong)Electricity may be dangerous. It always takes the shortest1. Electricity is not dangerous as people think．(B .Wrong)2. Dry wood can carry electricity to the ground.u(B .Wrong)3. Conductors like metal or water can carry electricity to the ground．(A. Right)4. Human body is a good conductor because it has 90％water in the body.(B .Wrong)5. You can use a hairdryer far from bath and water.(A. Right)6. Wet hands are good conductors for transmitting electricity．(A. Right)7. The best tool to push a shocked person away from the power is to use a non-conductor.(A. Right)Marx once quoted a famous saying in his work Capitalism1. The work Capitalism is written by Carl Marx.(A. Right)2. For 20％profit，capital will take risks.(B .Wrong)3. For 100％，capital dares to break any human laws．(A. Right)4. For 200％，capital dares to commit any crime and even risks being hanged．(B .Wrong)5. The pursuit of profits forces human beings to take any risks(A. Right)6. The pursuit of profit is much more encouraged than the pursuit of friendship．(B .Wrong)7. There are two ownerships existing in Chinese economy．(A. Right)8. Only bright manufacturer or manager can predict the future of his enterprises．(B .Wrong)Nuclear power’s danger to health，safety, and even to1. The mystery about nuclear radiation may come from the fact that it cannot be detected by human senses．(A. Right)2. We cannot sense radio activity without a radio receiver．(B .Wrong)3. Common radio waves are harmless to human beings and other things．(A. Right)4. Even at the lowest levels，radiation will cause cancer by killing the healthy cells．(B .Wrong)5. Victims of nuclear radiation may die of cancer years later．(A. Right)Optical fiber communication is a kind of information1.Akind of information communication is optical fiber communication．(A. Right)2.The composite optical fiber ground wire is seldom used in power system．(B .Wrong)3.One of the transmission tasks of the optical fiber main network is to transmit administration telephones from power system．(A. Right)4.Optical fiber communication has been the important communication method in power communication system．(A. Right)rge capacity of communication is not one of the advantages of optical fiber communication．(B .Wrong)6.The communication capacity of optical fiber is indirectly proportion to the carrier frequency．(B .Wrong)7.The carrier frequency of power line is more than 300kHz．(A. Right)8.The carrier frequency of microwave is between 3000MHz and 5000MHz．(B .Wrong)9.The main problem of the fiber-optic channel is the high price of fiber-optic equipment．(A. Right)10 .The cables made by optical fiber are not expensive(B .Wrong)Taking a general view of the 1000MW grade high-efficiency supercritical1. The 1000MW grade high-efficiency supercritical unit is designed and made in China.(A. Right)2.The temperature of main steam and reheated steam reach basically between 570 to 6500C．(B .Wrong)3.The tube wall temperature of superheater and reheater can reach more than 600 to 6500C．(A. Right)4.The anti-high temperature steam oxidation performance at tube inner surface is highly demanded．(A. Right)5.The anti-high temperature flue gas corrosion performance at tube outside surface is not highly demanded．(B .Wrong)6.The temperature limit of T91 for use is about 5930C.(A. Right)7. The temperature limit of T92 for use is less than 6200C.(B .Wrong)8. The temperature of austenite stainless steel for normal use is about 6500C．(A. Right)9. The temperature 1imit of anstenite stainless steel is 1ess than 7000C．(B .Wrong)10. Only heat-resisting steel can be adopted for use．(B .Wrong)The condenser is a surface heat exchanger in which cooling water1. A condenser is a heat exchanger removing the vaporization heat from the exhaust steam and condensing the exhaust steam into water．(A. Right)2. It is suggested that the water should not be cooled below the saturation temperature．(A. Right)3. The saturation temperature would not remove excess energy from the system and reduce the overall efficiency．(B .Wrong)4. It is unnecessary to reduce the steam to water so that it can be pumped back through the system．(B .Wrong)5. The condenser does not control back-pressure at the turbine exhaust．(B .Wrong)6. The important factor controlling the turbine backpressure is the temperature of the cooling water passing through the condenser tubes．(A. Right)7. The temperature of cooling water will increase its temperature between 15oF and 20oF as it passes through the condenser.(A. Right)8. The terminal difference means the temperature difference between the cooling water and the turhine exhaust steam．(A. Right)9. The temperature increase of the cooling water and the terminal difference depend on 3 factors.(B .Wrong)10. The exhaust steam temperature does not rely on the temperature of the cooling water which enters the condenser．(B .Wrong)The earth is the home for us a111. The earth turns itself once a week. (B. Wrong)2. The people a11 over the world can see sunrise at the same time. (B. Wrong)3. The earth moves round the sun. (A. Right)4. As the earth goes round the moon, we have our four seasons. (B. Wrong)5. The seasons in some places on the earth is relative to their distance from the sun. (A. Right)The high voltage circuit breaker is mainly composed1. Contactors，arc-extinguishing elements，insulation material and operating mechanism form the high voltage circuit breaker．(A. Right)2 .The insulation structure is made up of3 parts.(A. Right)3.The arc-extinguishing medium can be divided into only 3 parts.(B .Wrong)4.An oil circuit breaker means a circuit breaker with oil as arc-extinguishing and insulation medium.(A. Right )5.A vacuum circuit breaker is not a circuit breaker with close and open contactors in high vacuum.(B .Wrong)6 .A pure SF6 gas is not a good arc-extinguishing medium.(B .Wrong)7.The insulation strength of SF6 gas is higher than air and vacuum.(A. Right)8.An oil minimum circuit breaker is very safe in use．(A. Right)9.An oil minimum circuit breaker has bad heat dissipation capability.(B .Wrong)10.An oil minimum circuit breaker is one of the mostly used circuit breakers in the power grid．(A. Right)The purpose of post-weld heat treatment1. The post-weld heat treatments have two main purposes．(A. Right)2. One of the purposes is to diminish the residual stress in the welded joints．(A. Right)3. The other purpose is to improve the organization of the welded joints．(B .Wrong)4. The welding crack can be classified into 5 categories．(A. Right)5. To change the internal structure of the work piece is one of purposes for heat treatment．(A. Right)6. There are 5 kinds of steel heat treatment(B .Wrong)7. The processes of heat treatment include 4 procedures．(A. Right)8. The electric resistance furnace is not widely used．(B .Wrong)9. Heat treatment furnaces are not composed of electric resistance furnace，combustion furnace and surface heating device．(B .Wrong)10. The control device for heat treatment temperature is composed of temperature measuring element，and control device．(B .Wrong)The simultaneousness of the electric power generation means that1. The electric power can be stored.(B.Wrong)2. The power system is made up of 4 parts.(A.Right )3. The unification of power system equipment is formed by 4 equipments.(A.Right )4. A power system is an undivided integer．(A.Right )5.The power network can operate normally without the integration of other 3 equipments(B.Wrong)6.A link line is called a transmission line(A．Right )7.A link line is formed by 3 power networks．(B .Wrong)8 .An electric power network is simply called a power network.(B .Wrong)9 .The main network frame is formed by a weak EHV system.(B .Wrong)10. The networks are not closely linked with each other．(B .Wrong)The selected type of dam of hydraulic power plant depends principally1. The type of dam for hydraulic power plant depends on many factors.(A. Right)2. The main purpose of the dam safety monitoring is to monitor the performance indexes.(A. Right)3. The equipment installed inside the dam is to discover the normality of dam in time．(B .Wrong)4. Horizontal displacement is more important than vertical displacement.(B .Wrong)5. Temperature stress and strain are the two main monitoring items of dam．(B .Wrong)6. The monitoring method is the suitable points on the dam and its foundation.(A. Right)7. Some monitoring devices are movable for periodical supervision．(B .Wrong)8. The monitoring result shall be analyzed and studied by computers．(B .Wrong)The undersea world is very mysterious1. Everything under the sea becomes blue and green.(A. Right)2. Now people can dive into the water to explore the secrets of the sea.(A. Right)3. You can stay in deep blue sea for a long time if you have bottles of air on your back.(A. Right)4. It is warm but dark in deeper water.(B .Wrong)5. Under about 3000 feet，there is no light at all.(A. Right)6. Many fish under deep water have eyes like normal fish in water.(B .Wrong)7. The sea is a dangerous place for all organisms.(A. Right)8. Deep sea animals must follow the rule：to eat or be eaten.(A. Right)Thomas Edison was a great inventor1. Phonograph (留声机) was invented two hundred years ago. (B. Wrong)2. The computes was a great invention before the helicopter was invented．(B. Wrong)3. Nylon greatly influenced the type of clothes. (A. Right)4. The inventions for getting over illness has nothing to do with the health of human being(B. Wrong)5. Thomas Edison was a great doctor.(B. Wrong)We all need friends. Without friends we may feel empty1. People can’t live well if they have no friends(A. Right)2. If you want to keep a friend forever, you should greet him with a smile．(A. Right)3. Cooking some soup fur a sick neighbour makes your the sick neighbonr feel much better.(A. Right)4. If you have a close friend，it doesn’t matter to be rode to him.(B .Wrong)5. If you want to be a loyal friend，you should understand their ideas and learn from them．(A. Right)When you think about the growth of human population1. With the increase of human population over the last century, every thing around us is increasing．(B .Wrong)2. It was not until the publication of a new report，called “Livestock’s Long Shadow”，that we know how big the number of livestock is．(B .Wrong)3. Rain forests are decreasing as a result of expanding grazing land．(A. Right)4. The global livestock contribute more to the global warming than transportation．(A. Right)5. According to the passage，the only solution to global warming is reducing cars．(B .Wrong)Years ago，doctors often said that pain was a normal part1. Pain is a natural part of aging and the older patients have to learn to live with it．(B .Wrong)2. Toda, it is believed that chronic pain can cause depression．(A. Right)3. To provide a comprehensive therapy, the work of many professionals is involved．(A. Right)4. Our respect for pair management has led to the wealth and health of people．(B .Wrong)5. The drugs which helped patients relieve the pain used to have serious side effects.(A. Right)。
2012年职称英语阅读理解方便记忆
2012年职称英语（卫生类）阅读理解中英文背诵模板3第一篇Bringing Nanotechnology to Health Care for the Poor 3第二篇Medical Journals 3第三篇Cooking Oil Fumes Cause Tumor 4第四篇Multivitamins Urged for All Pregnant Women 4第五篇U.S. Eats Too Much Salt5第六篇Pushbike Peril 6第七篇Late-night Drinking 6第八篇（新增）Eat Healthy 7第九篇U.S. to Start $3.2 Billion Child Health Study in January 7第十篇Cigars Instead? 8第十一篇Sleeplessness 8第十二篇Common-cold Sense 9第十三篇Drug Reactions--a Major Cause of Death 9第十四篇Dreams 10第十五篇Warm People Likely to Keep Cold at Bay 10第十六篇Sleep 11*第十七篇Eating Potatoes Gives Your Immune System a Boost 11*第十八篇Exercise Can Replace Insulin for Elderly Diabetics 12*第十九篇（新增）Prolonging Human Life 12*第二十篇FDA: Human, Animal Waste Threatens Produce 13*第二十一篇Early or Later Day Care 13*第二十二篇Egypt Felled by Famine 14*第二十三篇After-birth Depression Blamed for Woman's Suicide 14*第二十四篇（新增）Sleep Lets Brain File Memories 15*第二十五篇Medicine Award Kicks off Nobel Prize Announcements 16*第二十六篇Obesity: the Scourge of the Western World 16*第二十七篇New Attempts to Eradicate AIDS Virus 17*第二十八篇Diseases of Agricultural Plants 17*第二十九篇Obesity 18*第三十篇Silent and Deadly 18*第三十一篇Spacing in Animals 19*第三十二篇Fruit and Vegetable Juices as Beneficial to Health as Fruits and Veggies 19 *第三十三篇In-line Skating and Injuries 20+第三十四篇（新增）Who Wants to Live Forever 21+第三十五篇Single-parent Kids Do Best 21+第三十六篇Dangerous Sunshine to Children 22+第三十七篇Hypertension Drugs Found to Cut Risk of Stroke 23+第三十八篇Pregnancy Anomalies May Lower Breast Cancer Risk 23+第三十九篇Pool Watch 24+第四十篇（新增）Some People Do Not Taste Salt Like Others 24+第四十一篇Kidney Disease and Heart Disease Spur Each Other 25+第四十二篇More about Alzheimer' s Disease 25+第四十三篇Education of Students with Vision Impairments 26+第四十四篇Water Pollution 26+第四十五篇DNA Fingerprinting 27+第四十六篇Malnutrition 27+第四十七篇Drug Resistance Fades Quickly in Key Aids Drug 28+第四十八篇IQ-gene 28+第四十九篇 A Gay Biologist 29+第五十篇15 Million Americans Suffer from Social Anxiety Disorder29 2012年职称英语（卫生类）阅读理解中英文背诵模板第三篇Cooking Oil Fumes Cause Tumor。
2012年度全国专业技术人员职称英语等级考试大纲
2012年度全国专业技术人员职称英语等级考试大纲前言《全国专业技术人员职称英语等级考试大纲》是专业技术人员参加全国专业技术人员职称外语等级统一考试复习的重要资料。
根据近年来英语考试情，我们组织专家对该大纲进行了审定，该大纲继续遵循“严格要求、实事求是、区别对待、逐步提高”的原则，删减了部分篇幅，对词汇做了部分调整，其专业类别和等级划分不变，即：综合、理工、卫重3个专业类别和A、B、C3个等级。
专业技术人员可根据自己所从事的专业和需求，申报相应类别和级别的考试。
参加考试大纲编写的专家为：刘润清、韩宝成、高秋薄、白勇、朱莉莉、李建华、柳淑华、卢志鸿、沙丽金、崔刚等同志。
主持考试大纲修改的专家为：刘润清、韩宝成同志。
参加考试大纲审定的专家为：方立、戴炜华、张彦斌、邱陶生、曹精华等同志。
值此，我们向参加大纲编写、审定的专家及有关人员表感谢。
人事部专业技术人员管理司2007年11月全国专业技术人员职称英语等级考试大纲一、概述全国专业技术人员职称英语等级考试是由国家人事部组织实施的一项国家级外语考试。
本考试遵循“严格要求、实事求是、区别对待、逐步提高”的原则，根据英语在不同专业领域活动中的应用特点，结合专业技术人员掌握和使用英语的实际情况，对申报不同级别专业技术职务的人员的英语水平提出了不同的要求。
全国专业技术人员职称英语等级考试共分三个专业类别：综合类、理工类和卫生类，每个专业类别的考试各分A、B、C三个等级。
全国专业技术人员职称英语等级考试于每年4月份举行。
A、B、C三个等级考试的总分各为l00分，考试时间均为2小时。
二、评价目标全国专业技术人员职称英语等级考试重点考查应试者的阅读理解能力。
考试总的评价目标是：申报A级的人员在2小时内应完成3000词左右的阅读任务，并能正确理解所读材料的内容；申报B级的人员在2小时内应完成2600词左右的阅读任务，并能正确理解所读材料的内容；申报C级的人员在2小时内应完成2200词左右的阅读任务，并能正确理解所读材料的内容。
2012电力职称英语最新最全
试卷题量说明：第一部分的单项选择仍为30题，但分值由原来的45分降为30分；第二部分的短文判断仍为2篇短文，共10题，分值15分不变；第三部分的补全短文仍为2篇短文，共10题，分值由原来的20分降为15分；第四部分的阅读理解翻倍，由2篇调整为4篇，共20题，分值由原来的20分升到40分。
单项选择1.Although many young people are keen on going abroad, he prefers to stay and work in his own country2. A baby learns to creep before it learns to walk.3.Although her marriage was very unhappy, Mrs. Stephens remained with her husband for thesake of the children.4.After being rescued from the wrecked ship, the people agreed that they had much to be thankful for.5.American blacks were denied equal rights with the whites until the 1970s after many years of hardstruggle.6.After my mother finished cleaning up the house, she went on read today‘s newspaper.7.Although my friends disliked Jenny, I insisted on her coming with us.8.Although she was disabled when she was only six years of age, yet she aimed high, for which herfriends spoke highly of her.9.After the lecture, the students participating in it had a heated discussion on it.10.All those expensive shoes are made by hand.11.Anybody who has broken the law won‘t escape being punished.12.As a result, he succeeded reaching the castle but failed to find the way to enter it.13.As a result of the neglect of all safety rules, the workers were exposed to considerable danger.14.As they crossed Broadway, he came face to face with a new problem.15.After Tom passed his driving test he filled out an application for his driver‘s license.16.Apart from blue eyes, blonde hair is also characteristic of Swedish people.17.As soon as his party came into power , he changed the law.18. A dog was run over by a bus and killed.19.Anything that is dropped falls towards the centre of the earth because of the pull of gravity.20. A really powerful speaker can work up the feeling of the crowd to a fever of excitement.21.An argument was inevitable because they disliked each other so much.22.A(n) desperate man will stop at nothing to get what he wants.23.After flying across the Atlantic, Charles Lindbergh became famous overnight.24.All the workers in the factory are provided with protective hats.25.Baby-sitting is part of an off-camp job.26.But, because Barbary is all that matters to me for the time, I don‘t suggest going away.27.Because he stammered slightly, the other boys made fun of him.28.By way of an excuse he said he was tired.29.By improving his learning habits a（n）average student can be a top one.30.Children are very curious by nature.31.Considering his age, he is unable to take the job.32.Contrary to your prediction, they lost the game.33.Camping facilities include a tent, a sleeping bag, a rucksack, a stove, and so on.34.Can you run off 200 copies of this notice before the post goes?35.Candidates who wish to withdraw from the examination must notify the secretary immediately.36.Can you tell me who can best handle the problem?37.Chinese brown medicine has little side effect.38.Carbon is an element, while carbon dioxide is a compound.39.Do you enjoy reading about the adventures of the great explorer in the African forests?40.Despite all the heated arguments they had, they remained the best of friends throughout their lives.41.Don‘t quarrel about small things.42.Do you like these shoes? ---No, show me some other43.Don‘t eat anything that will spoil your appetite for dinner.44.Don‘t judge a crime until you know all the circumstances.45.Do you enjoy listening to records? I find records ate often as good as or better than an actualperformance.46.Do you know when and where the sports meeting was to be held.47.Don‘t make fun of her, John. Can‘t you see she is in tears?48.Einstein was a mathematical genius49.Everyone seemed to turn a blind eye to the rubbish on the floor.50.Every evening after supper, my parents would go out for a walk.51.Every government that refuses to meet the needs of its people must accept the consequences.Theinfected girl was isolated from the rest of the family.52.―Enjoy yourselves, children,‖ Mother urged the guests at out party.53.Failure to communicate resulted in the high divorce rate.54.Followed by his students, the teacher entered the classroom.55.From his appearance we may safely conclude that he is a heavy smoker.56.For all his knowledge and academic background, he is basically stupid.57.Five years ago the pox wiped out the population of the island.58.For what reason did she quarrel with you ?59.Far from admiring his paintings, I dislike them intensely.60.First the curtain caught fire and then the bedclothes.61.For almost an hour the workers were just hanging about waiting for materials to arrive.62.Fruit in best and cheapest when it is in season.63.Grown-ups should be responsible for their own behavior.64.Grown-ups should be responsible for their own behavior.65.George left in such a hurry that I hardly had time to thank him.66.He is always kind, never cruel, either to people or to animals.67.He slipped and broke his leg. As a result he would have to away from school for two weeks.68.He was very near-sighted, almost helpless without glasses.69.He said the situation there was not so bad as had been painted.70.He said it in such clear terms that nobody was in any doubt about what was meant.71.His business is growing so fast that he must take on more workers.72.He is the manger of the company. He‘a in charge on it.73.He said he had every confidence in his secretary; she would do the right thing.74.His failure to pay his debts confirmed their suspicion that he was not to be trusted.75.Her hus band wasn‘t content with what he gained and wanted to get more.76.Handwriting is how you present yourself on paper.77.His heart stopped beating just when we reached the hospital78.His parents couldn‘t get through to him on the telephone, so they decided to go to his school and seewhat's wrong.79.His ambition had always been to become an architect.80.--How I wish I had a small piece of ground when I could plant some flowers of my own81.His father paved the way for him to climb to the top.82.He read a book on the plane to while away the time.83.He has a peculiar habit of biting his lips when he is puzzled.84.Her family sympathized with her desire to be a lawyer.85.His honesty is out of question: nobody can doubt it.86.He was very ill but a good doctor and careful nursing brought him through.87.He is said to be generous with his money.88.He considers himself a great singer, and in a way he is justified.89.He restricts himself to smoking two cigarettes a day.90.He is an expert at making himself understood in foreign languages.91.He shot at the bird, but it flew away.92.His fatness renders him unable to touch his toes.93.He‘s taken to drink and never does a stroke of work.94.His failure in the examination is fatal to the plan.95.He was only too willing to accept the proposal.96.Her father flew into a passion when he learned that she wanted to get married before she graduatedfrom the university.97.How abut staying at home if we meet with a stormy day?98.He rose early the next day , finding the river had risen one foot.99.He shows no respect for at this rules.100.---How about Jim? ----He came home with safety.101.He left out an important detail in his report of the accident.102.Harris turned a page to two and the title of a poem caught his eye.103.He is always respectful to older people.104.He had hoped to get ＄120 for his old bike but had to settle for ＄100105.How is Mary getting on with her study?106.His father is very busy every day. He can‘t help complaining of the rapid pace of modern life.107.He is the best candidate to carry out the plan.108.His energetic efforts met with only partial success.109.Hi‘s a nice person, to be sure, but not very competent as a manager.110.How can you avoid mistakes when you‘re in such a hurry?111.Hundreds of students attended the party last night.112.He lay awake all night, thinking over the problem.113.His total income of a year is ＄500. His yearly income totals ＄500. It reached a total of ＄500 a year. 114.He hoped the firm would transfer him to the Paris branch.115.It is encouraging to note that in re A good dictionary is indispensable to the study of a foreign language. 116.Ice and water are the same substance in different forms.117.If you really understood the difficulties facing the government, you wouldn't be so critical of its spending reductions.118.I have tried in vain to account for the riddle. What a pity!119.It is unwise to show off your greater knowledge in front of the director120.I wanted to make a dress, but I didn‘t know how to set about it.121.In this job you must face up to the problems and not run away from them..122.In contrast to his brother, he was always considerate in his treatment of others.123.It will cost you very little to give the boy a pat on the back once in a while; he needs encouragement. 124.If you were in my position, you would have some idea how I feel.125.I was learning my lessons on the radio when she called me up.126.I would rather have noodles than rice.127.I received the invitation to the conference, but have no idea if I should accept it.128.I recognized him the moment I saw him.129.I tried to remember to put everything in good order, but I sometimes forgot to do so.130.I can still remember us walking hand in hand through the street together.131.I ran across her in the public library yesterday. .132.I have been to Beijing scores of times.133.It was a good game, and at the end the score was Argentina 3, Germany 2.134.It seems that he has formed a good idea.135.I had my shoes shined just before I came.136.It is for years since he left home.137.It is a personal taste whether you like western classic music or Chinese folk music.138.In order to improve his spoken English, he practiced talking to others in English.139.It‘s starting to rain; we had better hurry home.140.It‘s not safe to carry so much money with you. You‘d better deposit the money in the bank.141.I will have him come and keep me company.142.Industrial countries consume a great amount of raw materials.143.I must admit my whole heart is set on being a medical biologist.144.I am very sleepy because I stayed up late last night.145.Ice and water are the same substance in different forms.146.If you really understood the difficulties facing the government, you wouldn't be so critical of its spending reductions.147.I recommended buying this dictionary but he could not afford it.148.I often look back on my stay in England as a happy period in my life.149.I much prefer factual books such as biographies to fiction of any kind.150.I had not even a vague idea of what was going to happen.151.If this is the case, how is he justified in blaming her?152.It has been decided that measures should be taken to bring down the costs of the projects.153.I disapproved of the way he behaved at the meeting.154.In the preface to this book, we are given the reason why it has been republished.155.I didn‘t expect that these few books would come to so much.156.I speak for my colleagues as well as myself when I thank you all for your great kindness.157.―I‘ve been away a long time, and that name is not familiar to me.‖158.It‘s no use ringing me at the office this week because I‘m on holiday.159.It is very difficult to keep the trains running on time in winter.160.It is only by accident that you see me here. I ought to be in the office.161.It is encouraging to note that in recent years, cigarette smokers have been on the decline, especially among older people.162.I must count up how much money I‘ve spent today.163.If George cannot earn money for a bicycle, he will have to do without.164.If you can make friends with her, so much the better.165.I was told that this sweater would not shrink in the wash but it has.166.In current years, cigarette smokers have been on the decline, especially among older people.167.I have tried in vain to account for the riddle. What a pity!168.It is unwise to show off your greater knowledge in front of the director169.I wanted to make a dress, but I didn‘t know how to set about it.170.In this job you must face up to the problems and not run away from them.171.It‘s not quite certain that he will be present at the meeting.172.It was natural that he count the days before going home.173.It took millions of people several years to build the Great Wall.174.It was difficult to guess what her reaction to the news would be.175.If I take this medicine twice a day, it should cure my cold.176.I have always considered you my best friend.177.If you have a house full of children and rubbish, you will next keep it clean.178.I was ashamed of when I lived.179.It is impossible to know in advance what will happen.180.It is considerate of you to turn down the radio while your sister is still ill in bed.181.I long for an opportunity of seeing you.182.I am glad to have been given a chance to visit your country.183.It is impolite to stare at somebody or follow him constantly.184.It is Japanese custom to take off one‘s shoes before entering a house.185.It was in Greece that Olympic competitions started.186.It seems that his opinions are always different from his girl-friend. They don‘t get along well.187.If it wasn‘t an accident, he must have done it on purpose.188.It is forecast that heavy rains are threatening to flood the area in a few days.189.In his boyhood, he was slow in learning to read and write.190.I couldn‘t find a large enough coat, and so I took this one.191.I tried to call you up last night, but no one answered the phone.192.If you check your paper carefully, some grammar mistakes can be avoided.193.—I suppose you have got the post. ---You have guessed it.194.I happened to see him in the department store.195.I‘m sorry, sir. There‘s no double room available now.196.It‘s a nice spring day. Mrs. White puts on her coat, goes out and shuts the door.197.It was so quiet at night. We listened carefully but heard nothing.198.It has been raining for a week. I hope it will clear up.199.I‘m going to have my car repaired tomorrow morning.200.I heard her talking about Mrs. Handerson whom I had never heard of .201.If the streets had been clearly marked, it would not have taken us so long to his house.202.---Isn‘t Jane here yet? ---No. much to my surprise, she is late.203.It was raining hard outside and John was too anxious to go204.I never expected you to turn up at the meeting; I thought you were abroad.205.I prefer staying at home to playing outside.206.If a person is exposed to constant noise, he may gradually suffer from a loss of hearing.207.I am tired of your stupid conversation.208.I found the little boy sitting on the steps, crying bitterly.209.In his speech he referred to the great help that the club received from supporters.210.Intelligent people can always come up with good solutions to problems.211.If anyone ever catches sight of the mugger anywhere, please call the police at once.212.If you don‘t give up smoking you‘ll never get better.213.---―It‘s already midnight, Why not go to bed?‖ ----―There‘s still too much housework to Jim threatened to take revenge on the shirt factory that had fired him.]214.–John wants to see you today. ---I would rather he came tomorrow than today.215.Jimmy is the oldest boy and is taller than any other boy in the class.216.John regretted not going to the meeting last week.217.John‘s suit is old and it is high time he bought a new one .218.John‘s sudden death was a great blow to his mother and it took her a long time to get over the grief. 219.Look! T–he flowers in the garden are growing lovely.220.Let‘s begin the lesson at the place where we left off last time.221.Let me see all the official concerning the sale of this land.222.Look out, that step is not safe!223.Libyan demonstrators set fire to the U.S. embassy in Tripoli.224.Look after the childre n for me while I‘m out.225.Look back into history, and we‘ll see Chinese people have achieved a great deal226.Mr. White was made chairman of the committee, who was in charge of the project.k easily goes bad in hot weather. You‘d better put it into the re frigerator.228.Mum, why do you always make me drink a cup of fresh milk every day?229.--To get enough protein and nutrition as you are growing up.Ruth finally managed to find what she was looking for.230.Many people complain of the rapid pace of modern life.231.Mr. Black, can you spare a minute for me? I have something important to tell you.232.Mr. Smith was asked to check out five hours before he left the hotel.233.Mary was not promoted because she dreamed too much and fell behind in her lessons.234.Mike thought that he could get by with the minimum of work. His tutor quickly disabused him! 235.―My mother asked after you.‖―How kind of her！‖Since he lied to me, he will never persuade me of his sincerity or truthfulness.236.Many petroleum products can serve as raw materials for the chemical industry.237.My family bought a second-hand car at the price of 500 dollars.238.Many new opportunities will be opened up in the future for those with a university education.239.Mother had a taste of the soup to see if it was tasty.240.May we have the pleasure of your company for dinner?241.Mary‘s parents couldn‘t help worrying about her.242.My brother was such a handsome young man that many girls like him.243.Mr. Jones‘ new job smoothed away his worry about money.244.No matter how hard we try, we can at best do only half as much as last year.245.No one questioned his theory for almost 800 years.246.Now repeat the words and phrases exactly as you hear them.247.No sooner had I got home than it began to rain.248.No matter what you do, you should put your mind into it.249.Nearly all weather occurs in the lowest layer of the atmosphere.250.Never trouble trouble until trouble troubles you.251.Now that I have lost the notes, we‘ll have to go without them.252.No matter how hard we try, we can at best do only half as much as last year253.Our branch stuck out and caught the rider by the hair.254.Once he decided what he wanted, he would go after it with a single mindedness.Take it easy, we have got plenty of time and money.255.Once you understand the sentence, you will find he passage quite easy to grasp.256.Only when the rain stopped did the sports meeting start again.257.Our branch stuck out and caught the rider by the hair.258.One group favors gradual integration , another demands immediate integration, and a third opposes integration altogether.259.On her way to Wuhan on business, a pickpocket robbed her of her money.260.One day, walking along the sands towards his boat, Crusoe saw in the sand the mark of a man‘s foot.Our neighbors always make a noise, scolding their children261.Oceania is a separate landmass, but it is separated from Asia by very shallow water.262.Peter‘s latest book is so good that it is beyond all praise.263.Pollution is said to cause many people to suffer from cancer.264.Please speak loudly and clearly to make yourself heard and understood.265.Sorry, I took your pen by mistake266.Poor quality goods won‘t sell easily267.People throughout the country were called on to take up the struggle for their own freedom268.Remember to turn off the gas when you go on holiday269.She was caught spitting in public and fined ten yuan o270.Smoking will interfere with health.271.She was so touched by his generosity that for a moment she was at a loss for words.272.She is very modest. Her success only stimulates her to make greater efforts.273.State financial support given in the form of scholarships has stimulated the students to greater efforts. 274.Sometimes his lectures are boring, but by and by I find them helpful and interesting275.She‘s the most efficient secretary I‘ve ever had.276.Sometimes you have to make a sacrifice to get what you want.277.Seeing that nobody was very enthusiastic about it, they decided to cancel the trip.278.She told her children that they must not, on any account, play with matches.279.Some students indicate that young children stop being creative as soon as they reach school age because the classroom is a place where facts rather than imagination predominate.280.Steam trains gave way to electric trains soon after the war.281.She is 40, but I think she could pass for 25 without much trouble.282.She told us most of the story, but kept back the bit about her uncle.283.She got married although her parents had not given her their consent.284.n the spot.285.She took a glance at her watch and saw that it was already lunch time.286.Such customs were handed down from father to son.287.She held back, not knowing what to do or say.288.She changes her mind so constantly that no one wants to work with her.289.Scientists have spent years researching into the effects of certain chemicals on the human brain with no result.290.Someone must have left the tap on, for the water was running over and flooding the bath-room291.Since the boss of the department wasn‘t in , we decided to have a meeting another day292.She can‘t eat much because she suffers from stomachaches.293.She inherited a large amount of money from her father when he died.294.She took a glance at her watch and saw that it was already lunch time.295.Selecting a mobile phone for personal use is no easy task because technology is changing to rapidly. 296.Smallpox left lasting scars on George Washi ngton‘s nose and cheeks but most artists kindly left out the pockmarks when painting his portraits.297.She told us most of the story, but kept back the bit about her uncle.298.She got married although her parents had not given her their consent.299.She inherited a large amount of money from her father when he died.300.She is afraid to run a risk301.Since you have to stay home, why don‘t you do some shopping?302.Soldiers hurried in search of the building, but they found nothing in it.303.She stopped at the supermarket to buy some bread and then went to pick up her little girl from school; 304.she killed two birds with one stone. They are queuing up to buy tickets for the opera.305.The young man has conquered his fear of failure and is making great steps in his work.306.The old man devoted himself to teaching for many years.307.The metals which we find in the earth include iron, lead and copper.308.The girl would rather stay alone in the classroom than play with her classmates outside.309.These years, I am looking forward to meeting the great writer.310.There is no easy method to physics.311.They were listening to light music when a thunder came down.312.The synthetic fibers produced in that big plant account for one third of all the fibers turned out in the area.313.Tom‘s mother is seriously ill. He is gong to the hospital to see her.314.Their voices are so alike that I often mistake Tom for his brother Jim on the phone.315.They fell in love with each other, however. After a few months, they realized they did not have much in common.316.The photo hanging on the wall is taken by my father.317.The thief broke into the store and helped himself to a lot of money.318.To be honest , I didn‘t agree with what you said.319.The terrorists threatened to blow up the building if their demands were not met.320.The government is trying test to improve the housing .321.Their actions suggested th at he shouldn‘t be a bad man, and I suggested that we shuld let him go 322.The suggestion that we should have another talk with them was of no value.323.The film star stood there, surrounded by a lot of people.324.Take your time. There is no hurry at all.325.The team is the best in the country. And now the team ate training hard for the coming Asian Games. 326.The traveler in the desert felt thirsty. That is to say, the traveler in the desert suffered from thirst. 327.The jury must weigh the evidence before they reach a verdict.328.The orange is too high on the tree. It‘s out of my reach .I need someone to help me.329.The firm will have to step up production if it is to defeat its competitors.330.The American company whose chemical factory in India exploded will have to compensate for the loss of human lives.331.The manager promised to keep me informed of how our business was going on.332.The above mentioned reactions are bound to proceed smoothly.333.The meeting drew to a close late in the afternoon.334.The appearance of the book has marked a new era in the history of the question.335.The shopkeeper is facing fierce competition from supermarkets.336.They are building the railway in association with another company.337.The students will put off the outing until next week, when they won‘t be so b usy.338.things more important than it.339.The woman I came across yesterday is Mrs. Black340.The city is named after the famous president341.The doctor has warned time and again that smoking will affect his health, but Johnny just won‘t listen. 342.This new method not only saves time but also saves energy by operating on two batteries instead of four.343.The elephant fell into the trap the hunters had set for it.344.These envelops are so small that letters have to be folded several times before they can be put inside. 345.Then she went back to a deliver a series of lectures which she prepared over here.346.The Smiths are too protective towards their children, they should let them see more of the347.The room became completely dark when the candle went out.348.The doctor said he would try his best to relieve her of her pain.349.The young girl made up her mind to get rid of her bad habit.350.The local government will offer us what we need.351.The price of houses is going up while that of cars has been brought down only to about 80 thousand yuan.352.This is the very house in which Mr. Zhou once lived.353.The tallest hat would make him so tall that people would stop calling him a little man.354.The old photo reminded him of his childhood in the countryside.355.The sisters differ in their interests.356.The kitten climbed the tree and couldn‘t get down.357.The city Zhangjiakou was extensively damaged in the earth-quake.358.The case contained a lot of things, including a second-hand watch.359.The custom goes back to the 12th century.360.The building of the bridge has been held up by the heavy rain.361.The train is timed to arrive at 6 o‘clock.362.Teachers ate trained in the training college.363.The naughty boy is troublesome, and he is a great trouble to his parents.364.The sick boy mustn‘t be left alone all night and we should take our turn at sitting up.365.There are various techniques that have to be learnt before one can do this job properly.366.These words are wrongly spelled, that‘s to say, he spell ed the words wrong.367.These masterpieces of music can stand the test of time.368.The true reason who Jane went fishing is as transparent as glass-she didn‘t want to have to clean the house.369.The journey usually takes six weeks but you should allow for delays caused by bad weather.370.The story of his adventures makes excellent reading.371.The agree with us in principle but differ with us in terms of certain measures to be taken.372.The other families in the apartment house weren‘t friendly to them.373.The reason for his success is that he worked hard.374.The nurses there are most considerate of the patients.375.The big difference between men and women is that men are physically stronger.376.There is always room for improvement however much you have already done.377.This plan must be realized by all means .378.There are eight members in the family. She has born him six sons.379.They met with an accident on their way to San Francisco.380.The spectators held their breath as the two teams tried to break the tie in the last minute of the game. 381.The little girl caught her breath as she saw the saw the man fall from the tree.382.The city was named in honor of the first president of the U.S, who decided upon its location in the first place.383.The aged man took a great delight in collecting stamps.384.The inspector started off with a comment that the design seemed somewhat old-fashioned.385.This newspaper article throws some light on the situation in the Middle East.386.They would just drop in for a chat at any odd moment.387.―I don‘t see that I have dese rved any fame and I have no taste for it,‖ he once said.388.This wealthy lady has a great sympathy for the poor.389.The newspaper published an open letter in answer to the readers‘criticisms.390.The doctor told the overweight lady to cut out meat from her diet.391.They would be delighted to do all in their power for Dorothy, who had set them free from slavery. 392.The actual process by which coal is extracted is well worth watching.393.The old man held on to his job and would not retire.394.The plane climbed steeply after take-off, and then leveled off at 25000 feet.。
2012年6月16日电力职称英语职称考试全书答案大全(2012年6月15日最终稿)
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(taste)“I’ve been (to)“my mother asked(after)A baby (creep)A baby learns (creep)A co-generation (steam)A dog was (run over)A generator (convert)A generator is (convert)A good dictionary(indispensable) A really powerful (up)’A(n) (desperate) manAccording to (location)Accuracy is (fundamental)After being (be thankful for)After being rescued (be thankful for)After flying (overnight)After my mother (kept on reading) After the lecture(heated)After Tom (drew)Ahthough her (sake)All the desks (are covered with) All the workers (are provided with)All those (by hand)Although her (sake)Although many young (keen) Although my friends(insisted) Although she was (hige;highly) Although t he (took)Although t he three (none of) Ameri can blacks (denied)Ameri can blacks were(denied) Ameri can school (by heart)An argument was (inevitable) Anybody who has(being punished) Anything t hat is (gravity)Apart from blue (characteristic) As a result (were exposed to)As a result,(reaching;to find)As soon as(power)As they crossed (face to face)As winter (gave way to)Because he (made fun)Before moving (disposed )But,because (matters)But,what Barbary(matters)By improving his(average)By the year (had worked) Camping (facilities) include Can we hold(out)Can you run (off)Can you tell(handle)Candidates who (withdraw)Carbon is (an element)Carbon is (an element)Children are (by nature)Children are very (by nat ure)China is famous (for)Chinese brown (effect)Computers will never (take the placeof)Could you tell(when the negotiationwill begin)Despite all the heated (arguments)Despite all the (interactions)Do not touch (cletricity)Do you enjoy reading (adventures)Do you enjoy(as good as)Do you know (was to be held)Don’t (quarrel about) smallDon’t e at (for)Don’t judge (circumstances)Don’t make (fun;tears)Don’t worry,(treat)Each electron (negative charge)Egypt is famous (associate)Einstein was a (genius)Einstein was went(deliver)Electricity needs (conductors)Engineer Z hou (learned)Every evening after (for)Every government (consequences)Everyone seemed to(turn)Failure to communicate(resulted in)First the curtain(caught)Five years ago (wiped out)For almost (about)From his (conclude)From his appearance (conclude)From the on,(after that)Fruit in best(in season)George left in (hardly)Good work (deserves)Handwriting is (present)Harris turned (caught his eye)He (has been studying;study)He (left)his mobileHe (made up)hisHe (rose;had risen)early theHe (shot at)the birdHe came to (with a view to)He considers (in a)He decided (in person)He did it(out of)He didn’t (live up to)He had hoped (for)He has (kept)upHe has a (peculiar)He hoped the (transfer)He hurried to (in the hope of)He intends to (replace)He is always (respectful)He is always kind (either)He is an (at)He is said (with)He is the best (to carry out)He is the manager(in charge of)He is the maneger (in charge of)He lay (awake;thinking over)He left (out) anHe read (while)He restricts (to)He said he (confidence)He said he had 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(since)It is impolite to (stare)It is impossible to (in advance)It is not easy to (rid)It is only (accident)It is reported (approximately)It is true (travels)It is unwise (off)It is very (on)It isn’t (at any rate)It seems that (get along)It was a good (score)It was difficult (reaction)It was in (greece)It was natural (count)It was raining(too anxious to go)It was so (listened;heard)It was to (marked time)It will cost (a pat on the back)It’s (starting to rain);It’s (up to)usIt’s important (to keep)It’s nice (puts on)It’s no use (on holiday)It’s not quite (certain)It’s not safe (deposit)Jack almost (on)Jim threatened (revenge on)Jimmy is the (any other)John comes to(every now andthen)John regretted (not going)John regretted (not going)John’s sudden(get over)John’s suit (bought)Johnson has (come)Last night I (until)Let me see (documents)Let’s begin(off)Libyan demonstrators(set fire to)Look (out ),thatLook at the lady(she is)Many new (opportunities)Many new (opportunities)willMany people 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building (remained)The building of (held)The building was (in)The bus ran (brakes)The bus ran (brakes)The case (comtained;including)The change was so (gradual)The children were(looking forward to)The city is(after)The city was (in honor of)The city z hangjiakou(damaged)The company will (attend to)The company(puts)The control panel(be kept)The coordinatiom (held)The cost of (rising)The country set (barriers)The custom(goes back)The defeated (retreat)The department (up-to-date)The doctor (condition)The doctor (sent for)willThe doctor (to cut)The doctor has warned (affect)The doctor knew (cope with)The doctor said (relieve)The doctor sat(up)The door squeaks (see to)The eggs (laid;were laid)The elephant fell (trap)The elephant fell(trap)The engineers (were attending)The equipment in (light ning arrestor)The expansion (recorded)The expert you (mine)The film star (surrounded by)The fire was (disaster)The firm will (up)The firm will (up)The girl woule(stay;play)The glass will (crack)The 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families (to)The Oxford English(authority)The Palestinians (shake)The photo (hanging)The plain occupies (extensive)The plane (leveled)The plane was (half an hour)The policeman (saved)The policeman (searched)the prisonerThe power (the voltage)The power plant(built)The price of (is going up;has^)The rated (output)The reason (that)The repairing of (be finished)The roof of (cave in)The room became (went)The salesman (stealing)The sea was smooth,(calm)The shopkeeper is (fierce)The shopkeeper is facing(fierce)The sick boy(take our turn)The sisters differ (in)The smiths are (protective)The Smiths are (protective)The soldier was(badly)The soldiers (were stationed)The spectators held (breath)The srory the film (derived from)The steam turbine(boiler)The story (makes)The students and (salute)The students failed(lose heart)The students will (when)The students will(when)The suggestion (should have)The sun is (stars)The synthetic (account for)The synthetic fibers(account for)The talk between(atmosphere)The tallest hat (calling)The teacher (to smoke)The teacher doesn’t (smoking)The team(is;are training;for)The terrorists (threatened)The thermocouple (temperature)The thief broke(helped)The tickets cost (were sold out)The tiger is (back and forth)The town (erected)The train (is timed;arrive)The traveler in (thirsty;thirst)The true reason (transparent)The turbine in (steam)The two sisters (shared)The un-flammable(ash)The veteran (on)The Vice-President (in place of)The weather was(rather)The woman i(came across)The work is (how to do it)The young girl (get rid of )The young man (conquered)Their actions (shouldn’t be;should let)Their voices are (mistake)Then she went (deliver)Then she went(deliver)There (have been)greatThere (is too much)There (were) quantitiesThere are (quite a few)There are (two score)There are about (hundred)There are eight (borne)There are various(techniques;have tobe learnt)There could (prevailed)There is always (room)There is no (method)There was nothing(as)There were some (artificial)There were some(artificial)There’s something (working)These envelops (folded)These envelops are (folded)These masterpieces(test)These words (wrongly;wrong)These years,(meeting)They (met with)anThey are (queuing)They are building (association)They are building(association)They fell in love (common)They had an (check in)They spent (a large amount of)They still did (though)They went on (in spite of)They were listening(when)They would (power)They would just(in)This chimney is (high)This hydraulic(50 years ago)This is m uch (inferior)This is t he (very)This is t he (very)This new method (by)This new method(by)This newspaper (throws somelight on)This plan (all means)This story (imaginary)This train ticket (valid)This wealthy (for)This young man (twenty years old)Tom (lay)awakeTom was not (at all events)Tom’s mother (the)Tomato soup (on sale)Towards the (rather)Two soldiers (on duty)Under certain(reveal)University graduates(over)Unless you (go by)We (substituted)red ballsWe (took up)We (took) off soWe are all (at)We drive our(overtake)We entered the (just to find)We forgave (stress)We got to (trial and error)We had to (so as)We have (run out of)sugar.We have lessons (except)We have to (hurry up)We have to go (by)We haven’t found (go through)We must (costs)We plant and (proportion to)We plant and (proportion)We reached the(out)We say that (to)We should be (careful)We should pay (generation gap)We shouldn’t lose (in time)We thought (pulled her through)We tried (confine)We were tal king (all along)We will have (plenty of)What he has (to)What i have to(refers to)-what’s the matter?(are hurting)When he (at hand)When he dines (to)When I arrived (none)When I arrived (scratch)When I arrived,(seated at table)When john was (off)When one calls (intimate)When she saw (fetch)When the bike (as good as)When the king (made way)When the opposing(get the betterof)When the Smiths(away)When the trial (was over)When they got(on)When tom was (blanks)When Tom was (blanks)When tom woke(come about)When two (mutual)When we arrived (some time)When we run (dry hair)When you meet (solve)-where is my(here it is)Where shall i(get off the train)Which is (heavier)Who can (tell)Why must you (persist)Will all those (favor of)Will all those (favor of)With the (but)With the country(growing)With the gas (cut off)With the help of(got in touch with)Work is often(comsidered)Would you mind (using)Would you please (a tin of)Would you please(do)–Woule you mind(go ahead)Xiao Wang always(comes up with)Yong children (up to)You (are not allowed to)You (would not;boiling)You are (running)You are very lucky,(because)You can (consult)You can (consult)differentYou can (rub)You have only (sum up)You have only (sum up)You have worked (few)You may ask (in case of)You may have (in learning)You may think (pay you back) You should not make (so)You’ll (start working)You’ll end (up)You’ll never (down)You’ll never (down)You’re too weak(good)You”d better (repaired)Your answer (satisfied;satisfied) Your hair needs (tobe cut)短文判断：1. Feature of power generation The simultaneousness of(s)The eletric can be stored. ×The power sustem is made up of4 parts.√The unif ication of power system√A power system is an undivided integer.√The power network can operat e ×A link line is called a √A link line is f ormed a ×An electric power netword is simply √The main network f rame is ×The networks are not closely linked ×2. Types of circuit breaker The high voltage circuit(s) Contactors,are-exitinguishing elements√The insulation srructure√The are-exitinguishing medium×An oil circuit breaker√A vacuum circuit breaker×A pure SF6 gas×The insulation strength√An oil minimum circuit breaker is very√An oil minimum circuit breaker has bad×An oil minimum circuit breaker is one of√3.Optical fiber communication(S)A kind of inf ormation√The composite f iber groud wire×One of the transmission tasks√Opical f iber commuication√Large capacity of communication×The communication capacity of optical×The carrier f requency of power√The carrier frequency of microwave is between×The main problem of the f iber√The cables made by×4.Power plantAccording to the mode (S) Base on energy conversion,√A power plant tries to×The power plant generation√A power net plan f or short×Two important f actors f or ..√Environmental protection×Water sources ang transport ating ×The total capacity in a newly√The number of units exceeds .×The ranks of capacity should be .√5.Taking a general view(S) The 1000MW grade high-eff iciency √The temperature of m ain steam and ×The tube wall temperature of√The anti-high temperature steam√The anti-high temperature f luen×The temperature limited of T91 593.√The temperature limited of T92 620.×The temperature of austenite steel√The temperature limited of austenite×Only heat-resisting steel can be .×6.The condenser is a surface(S)A condenser is heat exchanger√It is sggested that the water should√The saturation temperature would not×It is unnecessary to reduce×The condenser does not control×The important f acor controlling√The temperature of cooling water will√The temperatur dif i fference means the√The temperature increase of the cooling×The exhaust steam temperature does not×7.The selected type of (S)The type of dam f or √The main purpose of√The equipment installed ×Horizontal displacement and ×Temperature stress and strain ×The monitoring devices √Some monitoring devices ×The monitoring result shall ×8.The purpose of post-weld(S)The post-weld heat √One of the purposes is to√The other purpose is to ×The welding crack can be √To change the internal structure √There are 5 kings of×The processes of heat √The electric resistance ×Heat treatment f urnaces ×The control device f or ×9.Marx once quoted a famous(S)The work Capitalism is√For 20% prof it ,capital will×For 100%,capital dares √For 200%,capital dares to×The pursuit of prof it f orces human √The pursuit of prof it is much ×There are two ownerships √Only bright manuf acturer ×10.Electrcity may be dangerous(S)Electricity is not dangerous ×Dry wood can carry electri city ×Conductors like metal or what√Human body is a good conductor ×Y ou can use a hairdryer far √Wet hands sre good conductors √The best tool to push a shocked √11.The undersea world is(s)Everything under the sea √Now people can dive into√Y ou can stay in deep blue√It is warm but dark ×Under about 3000 feet √Many f ish under deep water×The sea is a dangerous place√Deep sea animals must f ollow √12. W e all need friends(s)people can’t live well if√If you want to keep a f riend√Cooking some soup f or a sick √If you have a close friend ×If you want to be a loyal √13. Australia is a vast (S)Australia is a large country×The majority of people √The delivery of provide ×The attempt to provide√The schoolwork was delivered×14. Biomass is cost-effective(S)As a source of energy √One of the advantages of using √Biomass doesn’t produce ×Despite its advantages ,biomass is not √Only trees and crops ×15. Nuclear power’s (S)The mystery about nuclear radiation√We cannot sense radio ×Common radio waves are √Even at the lowest levels ×V ictims of nuclear radiation √16. Livestock’s Long ShadowWhen you think about the (S)With the increase of human population×It was not until the publication of×Rain f orests are decreasing as a result√The global livestock contribute√According to the passage, ×17. Pain managementY ears ago,doctors often(S)Pain is a natural ×Today ,it is believed √To provide a comprehensive √Our respect f or pain×The drugs which helped √18. The obamaAmong the criticisms (S)The Obama administration’s bank ×The world f loat …move without an aim×According to the author√The bailout plan is so complex×The last paragraph indicat es that √19. The earth is the home1.The earth turns itself×2.The people all ×3.The earth moves round4.AS the earth goes ×5.The seaons in some20. Thomas Edison was a great1.Phonograph was invented ×2.The computes was a great×3.Nylon greatly inf luenced4.The inventions f or getting×5.Thomas Edison was×21.When you think1.With the increase of×2.It was not until ×3.Rain f orests are4.The global livestock5.According to the×模三判断1For centuries,in the1.It is hard to2.white elephant was3.Because the elephants4.Today the elephant5.a research report判断2The communications explosion1.display the inf luence of2.amazing3.The low-orbit4.talk and see5.each car补全短文13.A sudden change in theE:by the operationA:determine the insulationB:the cost of transmissionC:at both opening and closingD:by means of circuit breaker5.Circuit breakers areB:to control electrical powerD:to switch the current which can beA:to perf orm any switch operationE:of the highest important f orC:of he circuit breaker6.For pumped-storageB:is used to evaluate topographicD:is the radio of horizantalA:is most economicC:is not desirableE:is the best7.Fuel cells areB:there is no storage capacityA:f urther developments is underE:as they are being developmedC:many cells are oprated in seriesD:supply alternating current3.In (B) such as U.S.AB:some advanced countriesD:great advant ages onE:subcritical once-through boilerA:good homegenization ofC:whole proccess managem ent9.Many large citiesC:there is still somethingA:there is no time to be lostD:it can be put to use againE:more and more machingB:building beautif ul cities.8.Substations constitute.C:composed of a large numberA;substation automation technologyE:all of which has become anB:simulation traning technology.D:a f ull-digital automation system4.Steam is oneB:an electrically heated homeE:the f uel is uranium and theA:f irst generation steamD:the new generating capacityC:use of steam f or electri c11.The body thatB:It circuit the EarthD:A satellite stays inA:The bigger and heavierC:To get out into space we haveE:Artif i cial satellite can be used1.The function ofC:power transmissionE:power networksA:step-down substaions andD:transmission at high voltageB:power network operation2.The misoerationC:accidents in the electrical operatonE:the grouding wire (closing theA:prevening the misoperationB:the csosing of grouding switchD:the persons f rom illegal entering12.The secondaryB:the equipments that provideD: the equipments that sendE:current value in .A:5A rated currentC:50V rated14.The high voltage powerline throughA:transmitted f rom power plantD:the power line that transmits theB:the overhead transmission lineC:lighting f requentlyE:large spannning line section15.The insulations of atransformerC:The internal insulation ref ers totheE:The main insulation resersA:The main insuation materialsB:The degradation of insulatingD:If the winding temperating is10.The weather inE:They can sleep f or a long timeB:We call this kind of sleep.D:Hibernating animals .A:So they don,t need.C:As it gets warmer and warmer16. The electricity marketThe aim of introducing (s)B:a wholesale marketD:a retail marketA;to agree onE:to choose electricityC:to register as。
国家电网职称英语题库2012版_补全短文
补全短文Passage 1 Functions of power transmissionThe function of (1) is to send power from power plants to load center or to exchange power between power networks in order to attain the generation-consumption balance or the supply-demand balance between (2)．Power transmission is completed by step-up substations，(3)．The transmission line mainly consists of the transmission conductors (cables)，poles or towers，insulators，overhead ground wires，and grounding devices. The (4) can reduce the line loss and the voltage drop，ensure the power quality, raise the economy of (5)．The increase of transmission line voltage can not only raise the amount of transmitted power, but also reduce the line loss and line voltage drop，and improve the voltage quality．A. step-down substations and connected transmission equipmentB. power network operationC. power transmissionD. transmission at high voltageE. power networksPassage 2 Substation misoperation and its preventingThe misopemtion that can lead to (1) mainly are：①on-loadswitching of isolating switch；②connecting (2)；③closing the circuit breaker (isolating switch) with ground lines (ground switch) earthed．The“five preventings”for (3) includes：①preventing the wrong opening or closing of circuit breaker；②preventing the on load opening and closing of isolating switch；③preventing (4)；④preventing the closing of circuit breaker with grounding wire connected；⑤preventing(5)．A. preventing the misoperation in substationB. the closing of grounding switch with power onC. accidents in the electrical operation of the substationD. the persons from illegal entering the lived bayE. the grounding wire (closing the grounding switch) with power onPassage 3 A brief introduction on the development of supercritical boilers and their main advantagesIn (1) such as U.S.A，Japan and European countries，the supercritical boiler has been developed since the 60s of last century．It has been proved by data and experience，the supercritical unit has (2)．As for its reliability, because the steam-water flow passages in supercritical boiler is same as that in the (3)，there isn’t anything special. But as far as hydrauliccharacteristic，a symbol of reliability, is concerned，in a supercritical boiler, under supercritical condition，medium is of single phase which has a (4). So that the problem caused by uneven distribution of steam phase and water phase can be avoided．It is admitted that, if (5)，both supercritical and subcritical units can get an excellent reliability index.A. good homogenization of distributionB. some advanced countriesC. whole process management is strengthenedD. great advantages oil economy and environmental protectionE. subcritical once-through boilerPassage 4 Steam generation and useSteam is one of man’s dependable servants More and more in the background，steam is doing more and more work for man. In (1) steam may be seen only at the teakettle, but the electricity used may be generated by burning coal or gas and producing steam to turn the generator rotors in the power plant Even if (2) by nuclear fission，the generation of electricity is still accomplished by (3).In the U.S.A. the demand for electricity doubles every ten years. For the most part water resources suitable for powergeneration are already in service, except for emergency standby and peak-load units; approximately 90% of (4) utilizes steam. The (5) is expanding in most countries of the world except for the countries where available water power resources are greater than power needs.A. first generating steamB. an electrically heated homeC. use of steam for electric power generationD. the new generating capacity being installedE. the fuel is uranium and the heat is suppliedPassage 5 Circuit breakerCircuit breakers are automatically operated high voltage (or high current) switches. Circuit breakers are required (1) by switching circuits on，by carrying load and by switching circuits off under manual or automatic supervision. Their duty is as follows：In closed position the circuit breaker must be a good conductor for the normal load current. In open position the gap across the contacts shall have foil insulation level. At opening operating the circuit breaker must be able (2) to many thousands of amperes，and independently of the characteristics from purely inductive to fully capacitive. At closing operation the circuit breaker must close fast and be safe also against full short circuitconditions. They must，therefore，be effective instantaneously when are called upon (3) without movement. As the circuit breaker is the last link in the chain of protective equipment, the circuit breaker reliability is (4) of the total electric power system so the importance (5) cannot be over emphasized.A· to perform any switching operation after long periodsB. to control electrical power networksC. of the circuit breakerD. to switch the current which can be from a few amperesE. of the highest importance for high reliabilityPassage 6 The ratio of distance to height of pumped-storage power plantFor pumped-storage power plant, generally the ratio of distance to height (l), Distance-height ratio (2) to the drop between upper and low reservoir that is L/H. The head of simple pumped-storage power plant consists of two parts，they are natural topographic elevation difference and elevation difference formed by dam. Of course, the head derived from topographic elevation difference ( 3 )，so in selecting plant site，the condition that not only a height difference is available but also no very high dam of upper reservoir is necessary should be considered. Smaller L/H value indicates a shorter water transportation line，then the engineering construction cost can be saved. But in many circumstances, topographic condition ( 4 ),so we can’t say the smallest L/H value ( 5 ). In newly constructed three large capacity pumped-storage power plants in our country, the L/H value respectively are：7.12 in Guangzhou. 4.12 in Shisanling，2.40 in Tian huangpingA. is most economicB. is used to evaluate topographic condition of power plantC. is not desirableD. is the ratio of horizontal distance between upper and low reservoirE. is the bestPassage 7 Fuel cellsFuel cells are devices that when a fuel such as hydrogen or hydrogen-rich compounds and oxygen are supplied to materials arranged like the anode and cathode of a conventional battery, combine to convert chemical energy directly into electrical energy. Unlike conventional batteries. where the conversion of chemical to electrical energy requires only the closing of a circuit between the cathode and anode to produce and electrical current，(1). These cells require the fuel and oxygen that will produce the chemical reactions that produce an electrical0utout．Fuel cells have been made that will supply power in the megawatt range，and (2)．Such cells are not yet widely used on power systems，but(3)to supply fuel cell power to isolated loads As the voltage output of a cell is in the order of l to 2.5V, (4) and power output in ranges that are normally required. Inverters are used to (5) when and AC output is desired.A . further development is under wayB. there is no storage capacity in a fuel cellC. many cells are operated in series to obtain voltagesD. supply alternating current from fuel cellsE. as they are being developed there have been some applicationsPassage 8 Substations pace into the Digital Age Substations constitute the main part of power transmission and distribution in a power grid. The substations (1), with the responsibility for the electric power transmission and distribution in the grid. Over more than a decade of development, (2). In the rebuilding and constructing of power grid in rural and urban areas，automation technology is not only used in low-voltage substations to realize unattended operation，but also in the 220kV and above extra-voltage substations，thus greatly enhancing the level of modernization of power gridconstruction, strengthening the power transmission and distribution and the possibility of power grid dispatching and reducing the total cost of substation construction, (3). However, the development of technology is never-ending，and the increasing maturation of technology like intelligent switches，photoelectric current and voltage transformers，online condition monitoring of primary equipments, (4), as well as the development and application of high-speed network in real-time system，is bound to have a profound impact upon the existing substation automation technology, and (5) is about to emerge. A. substation automation technology has reached a certain levelB. simulation training technology for substation operationC. composed of a large number of primary and secondary equipmentsD. a full-digital automation systemE. all of which has become an indisputable factPassage 9 Overcoming the Problem of WasteMany large cities are anything but beautiful Streets are littered with trash. In this trash, however, (1) ．If people want to solve the problem of waste, (2)．They must work out ways of making use of good things which are justthrown away as waste．When a car gets too old，it may not rim any more. But if the metal that the car was made of is still good，(3). When a bottle is empty, it goes out in the trash. But bottle glass can be ground into sand and used to pave streets. Besides, garbage from food can be changed into fertilizer. But first you have to pick out all the glass and metal.Furthermore, garbage can also be a good source for making building blocks, which are then covered with concrete. Now, (4) . Some day, people will watch films in a great cinema which has been built out of garbage Future buildings，roads，and cities may be made from garbage. But so far, (5).A. there is no time to be lostB. building beautiful cities out of garbage is only a dreamC. there is still something that can be usefulD. it can be put to use againE. more and more machines are designed for this purpose Passage 10 HibernationThe weather in winter. Call be very cold. Some animals sleep during the winter, for it's difficult for them to find food then. (1) . For example，their sleep can last from autumn to spring. (2).Animals need food in winter to keep them warm and alive If they move about more，they need eat more. (3). Their heart beatsslowly. And they breathe slowly. They find a safe place to sleep.(4).In warm winter some animals like bears may wake up. If they see thick snow oil the ground, they will get back to their sleep.(5).A. So they don’t need to worry about bad weather and other dangerous animalsB. We call this kind of sleep in wintertime “hibernation’’C. As it gets warmer and warmer in spring，the sleeping animals begin to wake up and look around for foodD. Hibernating animals don’t need to eat much because they don’t moveE. They can sleep for a long timePassage 11 SatellitesThe body that is neatest to the Earth is the moon. (1). This satellite is called natural satellite. Man—made spacecraft which circle the Earth are called artificial satellites. Natural as well as artificial satellites circle the planets in a definite path or orbit(轨道). (2).All the bodies in space like the moon，the planets and the stars also exert an attractive force on objects. (3). The moon’s gravitational force is only one．sixth that of the Earth’s. TheEarth’s gravitational force of pull keeps ns and everything else on Earth from floating away to space.(4). There are many artificial satellites orbiting around the Earth. Some artificial satellites have been sent up to orbit the moon and even the planet Mars. (5).A. The bigger and heavier a body is, the greater is its force of gravityB. It circles the Earth and is therefore know as a satellite of the EarthC. To get out into space we have to overcome the Earth’s gravitational pullD. A satellite stays in orbit because the planet gravitational force keeps pulling it into a circleE. Artificial satellite can be used for various purposes Passage 12 Secondary equipment in power systemThe secondary equipments in power system are (1), measuring，regulating，controlling primary equipments, the equipments that supply information，working condition for the operator or maintenance persons, and (2). The electric circuit connected with the secondary winding of CT or PT is called secondary circuit. The secondary equipment and secondary circuit belong to secondary system.The voltage and (3) are：110V , 220V DC operating voltages, 100V rated voltage of the potential transformer secondary winding and (4). The related parameter values of secondary system after weak electrification are：24V 48V 60V DC operating voltages, (5), 0.5A rated current of CT secondary side.A. 5A rated current of the current transformer secondary windingB. the equipments that provide protecting，monitoringC. 50V rated voltage of PT secondary sideD. the equipments that send the command signalsE. current values in secondary systemPassage 13 Switching overvoltageA sudden change in the configuration of transmission network caused (1) or by the appearance of a fault can cause a rapid surge known as switching overvoltage, which propagates throughout the network. It is these switching overvoltages which in general (2), Limitating these overvoltages is of extremely importance, because they have an important effect on both (3). These switching overvoltages can occur (4). If non-restriking circuit breakers is not used, it is at the instant of closing, and above all，re-closing of a line which has held a residual charge, that the strongest overvoltages will appear. This switchingovervoltage is usually limited (5).A. determine the insulation requirements of transmission linesB. the cost of transmission and 1ine failure rateC. at both opening and closing of circuit breakersD. by means of circuit breaker closing resistor in 500kV systemE. by the operation of a circuit breakerPassage 14 Transmission line and distribution lineThe high voltage power line through which power is (1) is called power transmission line. The voltage classes of 35kV and above are generally used. High voltage distribution line is (2) to distribution transformers. Low voltage distribution line is the line that transmits power from distribution transformer to the users. The normal voltage of power distribution line is 380V. The special sections of (3) refer to the sections with large spanning, serious pollution, (4)．The overhead line section whose span is 1000 m and longer or the height of the pole or tower is l00m and higher is called (5).A. transmitted from power plant’s step-up substation to step-down substationB. the overhead transmission lineC. lightning frequently happening and heavy rainingD. the power line that transmits the power from step-down substationE. 1arge spanning line sectionPassage 15 Transformer insulationThe insulation of a transformer can be categorized into internal insulation and external insulation. (1). The external insulation is the insulation between the upper part of bushings and the ground and the insulation among the bushings. The internal insulation of transformer can be further subdivided into main insulation and longitudinal insulation (2). The longitudinal insulation refers the insulation between different parts of the same winding，such as insulation between different sections，layers and turns of the same winding.(3), insulating pressboard, cable paper, corrugated paper, etc. The oil in transformer has two functions, one is insulation, and the other is cooling (4) by the factors such as temperature is called insulation aging. (5), for every 6o C temperature rise the insulation life time of the paper used in transformer will decrease by half.A. The main insulation materials inside transformer are transformer oilB. The degradation of insulating properties of insulationmaterials under long period of influenceC. The internal insulation refers to the insulation of various parts inside the oil tankD．If the winding temperature is within the scope of 80～140 o CE. The main insulation refers to the insulation between windings and grounding parts and the insulation between windingsPassage 16 The electricity marketThe aim of introducing market mechanism is to bring various parties more economic benefit through equitable competition，thereby promote economic development.Like other markets, it needs (1) where the sellers and buyers (suppliers) can trade electricity, and needs (2) where the suppliers can sell electricity to final customers. As in other markets，the participants need (3). Competition is introduced into generation and retail supplied to customers. Customers are free (4). If a customer chooses to buy electricity in the retail market, he should be able to choose electricity supply from one of several competing retailers. If a customer decides to purchase directly from the wholesale market, he will need (5). Power generation is disaggregated into separate companies to ensureadequate competition.A. to agree on the price and quantity to be tradedB. a wholesale marketC. to register as a market customerD. a retail marketE. to choose electricity suppliersPassage 17 Electric powerElectric power is a most convenient，clean，safe，and useful form of energy which supplies the major portion of energy needs of a modem society At the present time (1) is newsworthy. Electric power is so vital to the lives of people that (2) causes inconvenience, loss of production, and danger to many individuals who are in operation (such as cardiac operation) in hospital. A prolonged blackout, which is inevitable when a growing load is combined with no generation additions, could lead to (3). With the developing of industry and improving in living standard, the electric power demand is growing continuously and (4) is much greater than that of all other forms of energy. Now (5) has been one of the indications of modernization of a country.A. its growth rateB. its unavailabilityC. the lack of electricity (a blackout)D. social disorder, and even national tragedyE. high electric power consumption per capitaPassage 18 Copyright piracyThere are numerous examples of what has become known as copyright piracy. The American chemical giant Du Pont, for example, recently introduced into one Asian country its famous Londax herbicide, which kills weeds in rice fields. The company invested millions of dollars in (1) of this product and ploughed another US $25 million into opening a local production plant. Less than one year later, however, very cheap bottles of Londax were openly on sale. The only difference between (2) -0ther than the price-was that the fake was called Rondex and came in a blue rather than a green bottle. However, as it was so much cheaper than the original, it effectively destroyed Du Pont’s investment. It also made the company less willing to invest in R&D of (3). The“recipe”for Londax should have been treated as (4) of Du Pont. Other companies making illegal use of it are stealing just as surely as if they stole Du Pont’s machines or any other (5) of the inventing company.A. new chemicalsB. the research and developmentC. physical propertyD. the fake and real itemsE. the intellectual propertyPassage 19 Electrical energyElectrical energy is the presence and flow of an electric charge. The energy portion of electricity is found in a variety of phenomena such as (1), electromagnetic fields and lightning. Humans have found the ability to harness these phenomena and store the (2) for later use. The concept of (3) is defined using a variety of different terminologies such as charge，current and potential.Electrical energy is the result of the interaction of subatomic particles with electromagnetic force. Within an atom, electrons and protons create a charge. This charge Can be transferred between bodies using direct contact with a conductive material like a wire.The current refers to the movement of the charge. With direct current, this occurs when the electricity is stored in a battery and travels in one direction out of the battery. (4) occurs when the current changes direction repeatedly within an electrical system. The alternating current form is usually used to power larger objects such as residences and buildings.(5) is essential to the range and power of electric energy. When an electric charge exists within an object, a force is exerted from its electrical field. This accelerates the object in a direction either towards or away from the charge, depending on the electromagnetic polarization. Generally, positively-charged electricity pushes the object away, while negatively-charged electricity pulls the object towards the field.A. Alternating currentB. electrical energyC. Electrical potentialD. static electricityE. electrical chargePassage 20 Solar energyMany people think of alternative solar energy as a new technology, but humans have been using this process to heat homes and baths for thousands of years. Alternative solar energy refers to energy from the sun that can be captured and used just like energy created by fossil fuels. The great benefit of solar energy is that its source, the sun，is not diminished by use of the energy, therefore making this type of power system(1).There are several different methods of collecting and using alternative solar energy. One of (2), usually seen as solar panels.Solar panels can be a very good means of collecting solar energy, but do have some drawbacks. While panels have the advantage of quickly turning absorbed solar radiation into usable energy, they are extremely (3). This means that much of the potential power of absorbed light is lost in the transfer processThermal solar energy is primarily used to create heat, such as for homes, baths, and swimming pools, In a thermal system, (4), which then passes through a pipe system where it mixes with water, generating steam. Steam is then passed through a turbine system, which turns it into usable energy. Despite sounding like a more complex process than photovoltaic systems use, thermal alternative solar energy is often far more (5) and is able to retain and use more of the collected energy directly for heating.A. sustainableB. inefficientC. the collected energy is used to heat a fluidD. the best known is photovoltaic cellsE. efficientPassage 21 Electrical energy conservationElectrical energy conservation refers to the process of reducing energy used through various means. Many of these methods for (1)；naming down the thermostat, naming off thelights when leaving the room, or switching off power strips when not in use are all examples of this. Homes, businesses or power companies (2), such as wind or solar energy, are also examples of electrical energy conservation. Many traditional electrical power plants are coal-fired, which contributes greenhouse gases to the atmosphere, (3)；this is just one reason that energy conservation is important.For many people, electrical energy conservation begins at home. Not only is this good for the environment, but it can also significantly reduce the amount of a monthly electric bill. Some of the simplest steps to energy conservation include switching traditional light bulbs to compact fluorescent(CFL)bulbs, or (4). Making sure appliances are efficient, and that windows and doors are well sealed against the outdoors, are other examples of energy conservation. People (5) should also look for power strips that can be switched off．A. turning the thermostat up in the summer and down in the winterB. looking for other opportunities for electrical energy conservation in the homeC. reducing energy consumption can be undertaken at homeD. making use of alternative clean energy sourcesE. contributing to climate changePassage 1Nowadays, scientists are working hard to make deserts into useful land again. They make efforts to bring water to the desert( C ). Unluckily, more and more land is becoming deserts. This is because people are doing bad things to the earth.Some places don’t become deserts( D )Some green plants are growing there. ( B ). Plants keep the land away from becoming too dry in the sunshine( E ). When a little bit rain falls, the plants can hold the water. Without plants and grass，the land will become drier and drier and is more likely to become a desert. ( A )A. There is still a long way to go for scientists to turn the desert into good land.B. They are very important to dry placesC. so that people can live and grow food thereD. even t hough these places don’t have much rainE. Besides, they won’t let the wind blow the dirt away.Passage 2Temperature, pressure, specific volume, enthalpy and entropy are the most commonly used ( C ) in the thermodynamics.Heat expansion refers to the phenomenon that most of the substances will increase in size with ( B ) in the absence of ( E ).There are three basic types of( A ), namely, conduction, convection and radiation.The first law of thermodynamics goes like this: the heat input to a thermodynamic system is equal to the sum of the increase in( D )of the system and the work done to the outside.A. heat transferB．the rise in temperatureC．parameters of the mediumD．internal energyE．external forcesPassage 1( E ) Here are three important rules( A )Reduce. ( B ) Big cities always consume a lot of water in daily life. To save water, people in some families may first use the same water to wash clothes and then to flush the toilet.Reuse. ( C )For example, you can pass on the clothes you do not use or those too small for you to your younger sisters or brothers.Recycle. Bottles, cans and paper can be recycled. In this way, we can save a lot of money and resources. For example,used coke cans can be sent to a factory to be smashed flat and melted. ( D )A. Their key words all begin with the 1etter “R”.B. If you want to reduce waste. you must use things wisely.C. You must always think of reusing things before throwing them out.D. The metal stuff can be made into new coke cans.E. It’s important to protect our environment.Passage 2According to the mode of energy conversion, power plants can be classified into fossil-fired, hydraulic, ( B ), geothermal, tide power plants, and so on.A power plant transforms primary energy source into electric power and ( C ).A co-generation plant is the power plant that not only generates electricity but also ( A ).Normally, in selecting the site of a new power plant, following factors should be fully considered: Power net plan fur medium and long term; ( D ); Transportation condition; Water sources; Local natural condition and environmental protection.According to the common stipulation for a newly scheduled power plant, the total capacity in a ( E ) is in therange of 1200MW to 3 600MW, the number of units should not exceed six and the ranks of capacity should not exceed two.A. supplies steam to the userB. nuclear, wind, solarC. supplies power to usersD. Fuel supply and ash disposalE. newly scheduled power plantPassage 1The most important pumps in a power plant are feed-water pumps and condensate pumps, etc.The role of feed-water pump in a power plant is that ( B ) from de-aerator water storage tank to boiler. To meet the demand of parameter design of thermodynamic system and to simplify the system, a part of the feed water is extracted from an intermediate stage of the pump for temperature reduction of superheated steam.Following methods are used popularly for the speed regulation of feed-water pump: ( D )；Hydraulic coupling speed regulation and speed regulation by a small turbine.The principle of disposition for boiler feed-water pumps: three sets of feed-water pumps are equipped, ( A ), another one for standby. Generally, two steam-driven pumps and one。
2012年职称英语考试题型
2012年职称英语考试时间通知根据人力资源和社会保障部办公厅发布的《关于2012年度专业技术人员资格考试计划及有关问题的通知》人社厅函〔2011〕502号，2012年度职称英语考试时间定于3月31日举行。
根据2012年职称英语考试时间推测各地区职称英语考试报名时间预计将于考前2-3个月陆续进行，请欲报名的考生近期关注中大网校考试信息更新!2012年职称英语考试科目：职称英语A、B、C三个等级的考试各由6个部分组成，每个级别的考试题型一样、题量相同，但不同级别考试总的阅读量及难易程度不同。
考试主要考查应试者理解书面英语的能力。
第1部分：词汇选项（第1-15题，每题1分，共15分）考查应试者理解在一定语境中单词或短语意义的能力。
本部分为15个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，要求应试者从每个句子后面所给的4个选项中选择1个与划线部分意义最相近的词或短语。
第2部分：阅读判断（第16-22题，每题1分，共7分）考查应试者识别和判断文章所提供的信息的能力。
本部分为1篇300-450词的短文，短文后列出7个句子，有的句子提供的是正确信息，有的句子提供的是错误信息，有的句子的信息在短文中并未直接或间接提及。
要求应试者根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。
第3部分：概括大意与完成句子（第23-30题，每题1分，共8分）考查应试者把握文章段落大意及细节的能力。
本部分为1篇300-450词的短文，有2项测试任务：（1）短文后有6个段落小标题，要求应试者根据文章的内容为其中指定的4个段落各选择一个正确的小标题；（2）短文后有4个不完整的句子，要求应试者在所提供的6个选项中选择4个正确选项分别完成每个句子。
第4部分：阅读理解（第31-45题，每题3分，共45分）考查应试者对文章主旨和细节信息的理解能力。
本部分为3篇文章，每篇300-450词，每篇文章后有5道题。
要求应试者根据文章的内容，从每题所给的4个选项中选择1个最佳答案。
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短文判断Passage 4 Power plantAccording to the mode of energy conversion, power plants can be cl assified into fossil-fired, hydraulic, nuclear, wind, solar, geothermal and tide power plants and so1. Base on energy conversion, power plants are divided into more than 7 c ategories.(right )2. A power plant tries to transform energy source into electric power. (wro ng )3. The power plant generating electricity and supplying steam is called a co-generation plant. (right )4. A power net plan for short and medium term is one of factors in selecting a site (wrong)5. Two important factors for a new plant plan are fuel supply and ash dispo sal.(right)6. Environmental protection is less considered in building a new power pl an t(wrong)7. Water sources and transportation conditions are not needed to consider i n selecting a new site(wrong)8. The total capacity in a newly scheduled plant arranges from 1200MW t o 3600MW(right)9. The number of units exceeds more than six.(wrong)10. The ranks of capacity should be limited within two.(right) Passage 18 The Obama administration's bank rescue proposalAmong the criticisms of the Obama administration's bank rescue propo sal is that the government will provide up to $1 trillion1. The Obama administration‘s bank rescue proposal is criticized becau se the amount of money is too huge.(wrong )2. The word ―float‖ means ―to move without an aim‖ (wrong )3. According to the author ordinary Americans don‘t have much cash these days. (right)4. The bailout plan is so complex and risky that the world‘s major banks u tterly misjudged them. (wrong )5. The last paragraph indicates that the bailout plan needs support from big investors. (right)Passage 13 AustraliaAustralia is a vast continent, the sixth lagest in the world . It is approx imately 7700000 sruare kilometers in size and has a coastline almos t 37000 kilometers long.imagination and resources of various govern ments for almost a century. 1. Australia is a large country and has a relati vely large population. (Wrong)2. The majority of people living in Australia are city dwellers. (right)3. The delivery of education services to people living in remote areas is u nimaginable for almost a century.(wrong )4. The attempt to provide educational services to distant dwellers did not t ake place until 1916. (right)5. The schoolwork was delivered and retumed through sealed roads, regul ar bus routes and air services in the beginning. (wrong )Passage 14 BiomassBiomass is a cost-effective source of energy. It helps to generate electricit y by wood,harvest residues, crops, urban refuse, and methane gas whic h are known as Biomass. This source requires less investment as compared with wind turbines and PV cells. Another reason1. As a source of energy, biomass can bring the best possible profits for the lowest possible costs. (right)2. One of the advantages of using biomass is that it is a convenient mediu m to store energy. (right)3. Biomass doesn't produce enough carbon dioxide and is harm less to the environment. (wrong )4. Despite its advantages, biomass is not suitable for commercial uses. (ri ght)5. Only trees and crops can be used as biomass-fuels. (wrong ) Passage10 ElectricityElectricity may be dangerous. It always takes the shortest way to the groun d. So it needs to find something like metal or water to carry it to the ground. These things are1. Electricity is not dangerous as people think.(wrong)2. Dry wood can carry electricity to the ground. u(wrong)3. Conductors like metal or water can carry electricity to the ground.(righ t)4. Human body is a good conductor because it has 90% water in the body .(wrong)5. Y ou can use a hairdryer far from bath and water.(right)6.W et hands are good conductors for transmitting electricity.(tight)7.The best tool to push a shocked person away from the power is to use a non-conductor.(right)Passage 9 Business and risksMarx once quoted a famous saying in his work capitalism, ―once ther‘s appropriate profit, capital will become bold. For 10 % profit, it will guarantee its being fully1. The work Capitalism is written by Carl Marx.(right)2. For 20% profit, capital will take risks.(wrong)3. For 100%, capital dares to break any human laws.(right)4. For 200%, capital dares to commit any crime and even risks being hang ed. (wrong)5. The pursuit of profits forces human beings to take any risks.(right)6. The pursuit of profit is much more encouraged than the pursuit of friendship.(wrong)7. There are two ownerships existing in Chinese economy.(right)8. Only bright manufacturer or manager can predict the future of his enter prises.(wrong)Passage 15 Nuclear radiationNuclear power's danger to health, safety, and even to life itself can be me d up in one word: radiation. Nuclear radiation has a certain mystery ab out it, partly because it cannot be detected by hurnan senses. It can not be seen or heard, or touched or tasted,1. The mystery about nuclear' radiation may come from the fact that it ca nnot be detected byhuman senses(right)2. We cannot sense radio activity without a radio receiver. (wrong )3. Common radio waves are harmless to human beings and other things. ( right)4. Even at the lowest levels, radiation will cause cancer by killing the heal thy cells. (wrong )5. Victims of nuclear radiation may die of cancer years later. (right) Passage 3 Optical fiber communicationOptical fiber communication is a kind of information communicatio n by optical fiber. In power system, the composite optical fiber ground wire ground wire or OPGW is widely1. A kind of information communication is optical fiber communication.(ri ght)2. The composite optical fiber ground wire is seldom used in power syst em.(wrong)3. One of the transmission tasks of the optical fiber main network i s to transmit administration telephones from power system.(right)4. Optical fiber communication has been the important communication method in power communication system.(right)5. Large capacity of communication is not one of the advantages of optica l fiber communication.(wrong)6. The communication capacity of optical fiber is indirectly proportion t o the carrier frequency.(wrong)7. The carrier frequency of power line is more than 300kHz.(right)8. The carrier frequency of microwave is between 3000Mha and 500MHz .(wrong)9. The main problem of the fiber-optic channel is the high price of fiber-op tic equipmen t(right)10. The cables made by optical fiber are not expensive.(wrong) Passage 5 Selection of metal material for the boiler in units of 1000M W gradeTaking a general view of the 1000MW grade high-efficie ncy supercritical unit designed and made in China, the temp erature of main steam and reheated steam are1. The 1000MW grade high-efficiency supercritical unit is designed and made in China.(right)2. The temperature of main steam and reheated steam reach basically bet ween 570 to 650℃.(wrong)3. The tube wall temperature of superheater and reheater can reach more t han 600 to 650 ℃ (right)4. The tube wall temperature steam oxidation performance at tube inner s urface is highly demanded.(right)5.The anti-high temperature flue gas corrosion performance at tube outsi de surface is not highly demanded.(wrong)6. The temperature limit of T91 for use is about 593℃（ring）7. The temperature limit of T92 for use is less than 620℃（wrong）8. The temperature of austenite stainless steel for normal use is about 650℃（right）9. The temperature limit of austenite stainless steel is less than 700℃（w rong）10. Only heat-resisting steel can be adopted for use.(wrong)Passage 6 The role of the condenserThe condenser is a surface heat exchanger in which cool ing water passing through the tubes removes the vaporizatio n heat from the exhaust steam which is passing over1. A condenser is a heat exchanger removing the vaporization heat fro m the exhaust steam and condensing the exhaust steam into water.(right )2.It is suggested that the water should not be cooled below the saturatio n temperature.(wrong)3. The saturation temperature would not remove excess energy from the s ystem and reduce the overall efficiency.(right)4. It is unnecessary to reduce the steam to water so that it can be pumped back through the system.(right)5.The condenser does not control back-pressure at the turbine exhaust.(w rong)6.The important factor controlling the turbine backpressure is the tempera ture of the cooling water passing through the condenser tubes.(right)7.The temperature of cooling water will increase its temperature betwee n 15oF a nd 20oF a s it passes through the condenser.(right)8. The terminal difference means the temperature difference between the c ooling water and the turbine exhaust steam.(right)9.The temperature increase of the cooling water and the terminal differen ce depend on 3 factors.(wrong)10.The exhaust steam temperature does not rely on the temp erature of the cooling water which enters the condenser.(wrong )Passage 2 T ypes of circuit breakerThe high voltage circuit breaker is mainly composed of contactors, are-extinguishing elements, insulation material, operating mechanism. The ins ulation1. Contactors, are-extinguishing elements, insulation material and operating mechanism form the high voltage circuit breaker.(right)2. The insulation structure is made up of 3 parts.(right)3. The are-extinguishing medium can be divided into only 3 parts.(wrong )4. An oil circuit breaker means a circuit breaker with oil as are-extinguishing and insulation medium.(right)5. A v acuum circuit breaker is not a circuit breaker with close and open co ntactors in high vacuum.(wrong)6. A pure SF6 gas is not a food are-extinguishing medium.(wrong)7. The insulation strength of SF6 gas is higher than air and vacuum.(righ t)8. An oil minimum circuit breaker is very safe in use.(right)9. An oil minimum circuit breaker has bad heat dissipation capability.(wr ong)10. An oil minimum circuit breaker is one of the mostly used circuit brea kers in the power grid.(right)Passage 8 Heat treatmentThe purpose of post-weld heat treatment is: to diminish the residual stres s in the welded joints; to improve the organization and property of the wel ded joints.1. The post-weld heat treatments have two main purposes.(right)2. One of the purposes is to diminish the residual stress in the welded join ts.(right)3. The other purpose is to improve the organization of the welded joints.( wrong)4. The welding crack can be classified into 5 categories.(right)5. To change the internal structure of the work piece is one of purposes fo r heat treatment.(right)6. There are 5 kinds of steel heat treatment.(wrong)7. The processes of heat treatment include 4 procedures.(right)8.The electric resistance furnace is not widely used.(wrong)9.Heat treatment furnaces are not composed of electric resistance furn ace, combustion furnace and surface heating device.(wrong)10.The control device for heat treatment temperature is com posed of temperature measuring element, and control device.(wr ong)Passage 7 Hydraulic structureThe selected type dam of hydraulic power plant depends principally on to pographic, geologic, hydrologic, climatic conditions, constructional mater ials, lay out plan, cost1.The type of dam for hydraulic power plant depends on many factors.(ri ght)2. The main purpose of the dam safety monitoring is to discover the norm ality of dam in time.(right)3. The equipment installed inside the dam is to discover the normality of d am in time.(wrong)4. Horizontal displacement is more important than vertical displacement.( wrong)5. Temperature stress and strain are the two main monitoring items of dam. (wrong)6. The monitoring method is the suitable points on the dam and its found ation.(right)7. Some monitoring devices are movable for periodical supervision.(wron g)8. The monitoring result result shall be analyzed and studied by computer s.(wrong)Passage 1 Feature of power generationThe simultaneousness of the electric power generation means that the ele ctric power generation, Transmission, transformation, distribution and util ization must be performed at the same instant. The electric1. They electric power can stored. (wrong)2. The power system is made up of 4 parts. (right)3. The unification of power system equipment is formed by 4 equipments . (right)4. A power system is an undivided integer. (right)5. The power network can operate normally without the integration of oth er 3 equipments. (wrong)6. A link line is called a transmission line. (right)7. A link line is formed by 3 power networks. (wrong)8. An electric power network is simply called a power network.(right)9. The main network frame is formed by a weak EHV system. (wrong)10. The networks are not closely linked with each other.(wrong) Passage 11 Undersea LifeThe undersea world is very mysterious. In the daytime, there is eno ugh light. Under the sea, everything is blue and green. Today scuba divi ng is a new sport and many1. Everything under the sea becomes blue and green. (right)2. Now people can dive into the water to explore the secrets of the sea.(ri ght)3. Y ou can stay in deep blue sea for a long time if you have bottles of air o n your back. (right)4.It is warm but dark in deeper water. (wrong)5.Under about 3000 feet, there is no light at all. (right)6.Many fish under deep water have eyes like normal fish in water. (wrong )7.The sea is a dangerous place for all organisms.(right)8.Deep sea animals must follow the rule: to eat or be eaten.(right) Passage 12 Advice on FriendshipWe all need friends. Without friends we may feel empty a nd sad. It is not difficult for most people to make friends. B ut you may feel shy and not want to make the first1. People can‘t live well if they have no friends. (right)2.If you want to keep a friend forever, you should greet him with a smile.( right)3.Cooking some soup for a sick neighbour makes you‘re the sick neighbo ur feel much better.(right)4.If you have a close friend, It doesn‘t matter to be rude to him.(wrong )5.If you want to be a loyal friend, you should understand their ideas and l earn from them. (right)Passage 16 Livestock's Long ShadowWhen you think about the growth of human population over the last cent ury or so, it is all too easy to imagine it merely as an increase in the numb er of humans. But as we multiply, so do all the things associated with us, i ncluding our livestock. At present,1. With the increase of human population over the last century, every thing around us is increasing. (wrong )2. It was not until the publication of a new report, called ―Livestock's Lo ng Shadow" that we know how big the number of livestock is. (wrong )3. Rain forests are decreasing as a result of expanding grazing land. (righ t)4. The global livestock contribute more to the global warming than transp ortation. (right)5. According to the passage, the only solution to global warming is reduci ng cars. (wrong )Passage 17 Pain managementYears ago, doctors often said that pain was a normal part of life. rn partic ular, when older patients complained of pain, they were told it was a natu ral part of aging and they would have to learn to live with it. Times ha ve changed. Today, we take pain seriously.1. Pain is a natural part of aging and the older patients have to leain to live with it. (wrong )2. Today, it is believed that chronic pain can cause depression. (right)3. To provide a comprehensive therapy, the work of many professionals i s involved. (right)4. Our respect for pairi management has led to the wealth and health ofpe ople. (wrong )5. The drugs which helped patients relieve the pain used to have serious s ide effects. (right)。