定语从句的翻译二

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2定语从句的翻译二

定语从句的“并列套用”

中文里“本位词”和“外位语”如何翻译成英文

英文短句的翻译方法

中英文事实和评论的关系

英文中四种句子的翻译方法

中英文关联词的使用和英文中人名地名的翻译

中英文的一个重要差异：中文是动态性语言，善于用动词；英文是静态性语言，善于用名词

定语从句的翻译二

This assumption rests on the fallacy of the inherent laziness in human nature; actually, aside from abnormally lazy people, there would be very few who would not want to earn more than the minimum, and who would prefer to do nothing rather than work.

这种假设基于人性中内在懒惰的谬论，实际上，除了不正常懒惰的人以外，很少有人不愿意挣只比最低生活费多的钱，也很少有人愿意无所事事，而不去工作。

第一步：断句

This assumption rests on the fallacy/ of the inherent laziness in human nature; actually,/ aside from abnormally lazy people,/ there would be very few/ who would not want to earn more than the minimum,/ and who would prefer to do nothing/ rather than work.

定语从句英译汉之不同译

• 7. The government, who can more effectively stop people smoking in public than individuals, should take measures as soon as possible to create for citizens a clean and harmonious living environment.
• He would be a short –sighted commander who did not look beyond his fortress。 • 谁如果不往城堡之外的远处看，那他就是一个目光短浅的指挥员。 • He who has never been to the Great Wall is not a true man. • 不到长城非好汉。
• 1. Students, who have seen hair in the food served in the school canteen, complain a lot about it. • OR: Students complain a lot about food cooked in the school canteen, in which they have seen hair.
定语从句英译汉之不同译法
• 一、限制性定语从句 • 1. 前置法 • 译成带“的”的定语词组，放在被修饰词之前，变为单句： • The people who worked for him lived in fear of him。 • 在他手下工作的人对他怕得要死。

英译汉定语从句的译法

定语从句可以分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句两种,两类定语从句在翻译方法上基本类似, 因此我们把它们放在一起介绍。在翻译定语从句时,我们经常采用下列的翻译方法:

一、前置法

把英语原文的定语从句翻译成带“的”的定语词组, 放置于被修饰的词之前, 将英语原文的复合句翻译成汉语的简单句, 这种方法一般用于限制性定语从句比较短的情况。一些较短的具有描述性的非限制性定语从句也可采用前置法, 但没有限制性定语从句使用得普遍。例如:

例1.For example, one function of friendship seems to fulfill is that it supports the image we have of ourselves, and confirms the value of the attitudes we hold.

例如, 友谊的一个作用似乎是支持我们在自己心目中的形象, 并使我们持有的价值观念更加坚定。

例2.The first two must be equal for all who are being compared, if any comparison in terms of intelligence is to be made. (92年考题)

如果要从智力方面进行任何比较的话, 那么对所有被比较者来说, 前两个因素必须是一样的。例3.The first method is to give a synonym, a word that has nearly the same meaning as the word you wish to define: face for countenance, nervousness for anxiety.

定语从句翻译方法

定语从句的翻译

英语中，定语从句分成限制性从句与非限制性从句两种。他们在英语中的位置一般是在其所修饰的先行词后面。

限定性定语从句与非限定性定语从句的其别只是在于限制意义的强弱。而汉语中定语作为修饰语通常在其所修饰的词前面，并且没有限制意义的强弱之分，因此，限制与非限制在翻译中并不起十分重要的作用。

英语中多用结构复杂的定语从句，而汉语中修饰语则不宜臃肿。所以，在翻译定语从句时，一定要考虑到汉语的表达习惯。

从结构上分析，常见的定语从句翻译方法：

一、前置法：把定语从句翻译到所修饰的先行词前面，可以用“的”来连接。

既然定语从句的意义是作定语修饰语，所以在翻译的时候，通常把较短的定语从句译成带“的”的前置定语，翻译在定语从句的先行词前面。

He who has never tasted what is bitter does not know what is sweet.

没有吃过苦的人不知道什么是甜。

Space and oceans are the new world which scientists are trying to explore.

太空和海洋是科学家们努力探索的新领域。

His laughter, which was infectious, broke the silence.

他那富有感染力的笑声打破了沉寂。

Harmonious interpersonal relationship is the primary reason why I enjoy working here.

同事之间关系融洽是我喜欢在这工作的主要原因。

定语从句的翻译2

英语中有些定语从句在逻辑上对主句起着状语的作用, 说明原因,目的,结果,条件和让步等等关系.汉译时应从原文的字里行间审定这些逻辑关系,然后译成汉语相应的偏正复句. The strike would prevent the docking of ocean steamships , which require assistance of tugboats. 罢工使远洋轮不能靠岸,因为靠岸需要拖船的帮助 Chinese trade delegations have been sent to African countries , who will negotiate trade agreement with the respective government. 中国派出贸易代表团前往非洲各国,以便与这些国家的政府商谈贸易协定 My uncle , who will be seventy tomorrow , is still a keen sportsman . 尽管我大伯明天就满70岁了,但他仍然热衷于户外运动
How well the prediction will be validated by later performance depends upon the amount,reliability,and appropriateness of the information used and on the skill and wisdom with which it is interpreted. 要点本句含有一个主语从句How well the prediction will be validated by later performance和一个定语从句with which it is interpreted.定语从句中it 指代 prediction，该定语从句修饰the skill and wisdom.在翻译时主语从句用分译法，定语从句用合译法。 validate：使有效；使有充分根据。译文预测在多大程度上为后来的表现所证实，这取决于所采用信息的数量、可靠性和适宜性，还取决于用来解释预测的技巧和智慧。

定语从句的翻译

英语中，定语从句分成限制性从句与非限制性从句两种。他们在英语中的位置一般是在其所修饰的先行词后面。限定性定语从句与非限定性定语从句的区别只是在于限制意义的强弱。而汉语中定语作为修饰语通常在其所修饰的词前面，并且没有限制意义的强弱之分，因此，限制与非限制在翻译中并不起十分重要的作用。英语中多用结构复杂的定语从句，而汉语中修饰语则不宜臃肿。所以，在翻译定语从句时，一定要考虑到汉语的表达习惯。如果英语的定语从句太长，无论是限制性的或非限制性的，都不宜译成汉语中的定语，而应用其他方法处理。常见的定语从句翻译有以下几种方法。

一、前置法：把定语从句翻译到所修饰的先行词前面，可以用“的”来连接。

既然定语从句的意义是作定语修饰语，所以在翻译的时候，通常把较短的定语从句译成带“的”的前置定语，翻译在定语从句的先行词前面。

1、没有吃过苦的人不知道什么是甜。

2、太空和海洋是科学家们努力探索的新领域。

3、他那富有感染力的笑声打破了沉寂。

1. He who has never tasted what is bitter does not know what is sweet.

2. Space and oceans are the new world which scientists are trying to explore.

3. His laughter, which was infectious, broke the silence.

二、后置法：把定语从句翻译在所修饰的先行词后面，翻译为并列分句。

定语从句例句带翻译

定语从句，一个简单句跟在一名词或代词后(先行词)进行修饰限定，就叫做定语从句。在主句中充当定语成分。以下是店铺整理的定语从句例句带翻译，欢迎阅读。

1.窗户朝南的那间房间是我的。

The room whose window faces south is mine.=The room of which the window faces south is mine.

1. 整座城市躺在废墟中，其中百分子75的工厂和大楼消失不见了。

The whole city, 75% of whose factories and buildings were gone, lay in ruins.

2. 我们公司有2000工人，三分之二是女工。

Our company has 2000 workers, of whom two thirds/ two thirds of whom are women.

3. 那些被困在废墟里的人已经得救了。

Those who were trapped under the ruins finally got rescued.

4. 你们刚才谈论的那场地震好可怕呀!

The earthquake that you were talking about sounded frightening/shocking.=The earthquake about which you were talking sounded frightening.

5. 我的家人都是音乐爱好者，今晚将去看电影。

定语从句的翻译

英语中，定语从句分成限制性从句与非限制性从句两种。他们在英语中的位置一般是在其所修饰的先行词后面。限定性定语从句与非限定性定语从句的其别只是在于限制意义的强弱。而汉语中定语作为修饰语通常在其所修饰的词前面，并且没有限制意义的强弱之分，因此，限制与非限制在翻译中并不起十分重要的作用。英语中多用结构复杂的定语从句，而汉语中修饰语则不宜臃肿。所以，在翻译定语从句时，一定要考虑到汉语的表达习惯。如果英语的定语从句太长，无论是限制性的或非限制性的，都不宜译成汉语中的定语，而应用其他方法处理。常见的定语从句翻译有以下几种方法。

一、前置法：把定语从句翻译到所修饰的先行词前面，可以用“的”来连接。

既然定语从句的意义是作定语修饰语，所以在翻译的时候，通常把较短的定语从句译成带“的”的前置定语，翻译在定语从句的先行词前面。

He who has never tasted what is bitter does not know what is sweet.

没有吃过苦的人不知道什么是甜。

Space and oceans are the new world which scientists are trying to explore.

太空和海洋是科学家们努力探索的新领域。

His laughter, which was infectious, broke the silence.

他那富有感染力的笑声打破了沉寂。

二、后置法：把定语从句翻译在所修饰的先行词后面，翻译为并列分句。

英语的英语从句结构常常比较复杂，如果翻译在其修饰的先行词前面的话，会显得定语太臃肿，而无法叙述清楚。这时，可以把定语从句翻译在先行词后面，译成并列分句。翻译时可以用两种方法来处理。

定语从句的翻译（2）

定语从句的翻译

融合法：把定语从句和它所修饰的先行词结合在一起翻译。

融合法是指翻译时把主句和定语从句融合成一句简单句，其中的定语从句译成单句中的谓语部分。由于限制性定语从句与主句关系较紧密，所以，融合法多用于翻译限制性定语从句，尤其是“there be ”结构带有定语从句的句型。

There is a man downstairs who wants to see you.

楼下有人要见你。(原句中的主句部分there is a man翻译成“有人”，然后将定语从句译成句子的谓语部分。)

In our factory, there are many people who are much interested in the new invention.

在我们工厂里，许多人对这项新发明很感兴趣。(原句中的主句部分there are many people翻译成“许多人”，作译文的主语，然后将定语从句译成句子的谓语部分。)

We used a plane of which almost every part carried some indication of national identity.

我们驾驶的飞机几乎每一个部件都有一些国籍标志。(原句的主句较简单，整句句子的重点是在定语从句中，因此，翻译时将主句译成主语，而将定语从句译成句子的谓语部分。)

She had a balance at her banker’s which would have made her beloved anywhere.

定语从句翻译

• 例2: His wife, Betty, is Shanghai-born Chinese who left China at the age of eight, and whose book “Moon”, tells of her sister’s life in China. 译文：他妻子贝蒂是一位出生在上海的华人，八岁离开中国，写过本名叫《月》的书，记叙了她妹妹在中国的生活。
• 例句2：When I passed by, I saw a man who was quarreling with his wife. 译文：当我经过时，我看到一个人和他的妻子在吵架。
Байду номын сангаас 4．译成连动式的一部分
• 为了行文方便，有时候在英译汉时就需要把主句、从句中的动词连起来一起翻译，从而使句子显得连贯，符合汉语的表达习惯。
• 例1：He took out a bottle of wine out of his pocket, which he began to drink slowly. 译文：他从衣兜里掏出一瓶酒慢慢地喝起来。
• 例2： We will send the boy to Britain, where he can receive better education. 译文：我们将要把这个孩子送到英国去接受更好的教育。
• 译文：这些行动，虽已激起普遍而毫不掩饰的反对，却也使我们举棋不定。（表让步）

英语定语从句的翻译法(2)

英语定语从句的翻译法(2)
４．可以把定语从句译成谓语。 We used a plane of which almost every part carried some indication of national identity. 我们驾驶的飞机几乎每一个部件都有国Leabharlann Baidu的某些标志。５．可以译成状语从句。 eg1. The ambassador was giving a dinner for a few people whom he wished especially to talk or to hear from. 大使只宴请了几个人，因为他特地想和这些人谈谈，听听他们的意见。（表示原因）

定语从句例句及翻译：

定语从句例句翻译：

1.窗户朝南的那间房间是我的。

The room whose window faces south is mine.=The room of which the window faces south is mine.

1. 整座城市躺在废墟中，其中百分子75的工厂和大楼消失不见了。The whole city, 75% of whose factories and buildings were gone, lay in ruins.

2. 我们公司有2000工人，三分之二是女工。

Our company has 2000 workers, of whom two thirds/ two thirds of whom are women.

3. 那些被困在废墟里的人已经得救了。

Those who were trapped under the ruins finally got rescued.

4. 你们刚才谈论的那场地震好可怕呀！

The earthquake that you were talking about sounded frightening/shocking.=The earthquake about which you were talking sounded frightening.

5. 我的家人都是音乐好者，今晚将去看电影。

My family, all of whom are music lovers, are going to the movie tonight.

定语从句翻译

1.那些在困境中的人应该得到我们的帮助。(deserve)

Those who are in trouble deserve our help.

2.智商高的人未必情商高。(necessarily)

Those who have high IQ don’t necessarily have high EQ.

3.只有勇敢面对挑战的人才有可能成功。(only those)

Only those who face the challenges bravely are likely to succeed.

4.我发现很难与那些一贯固执己见的人合作。(… it …)

I find it (is) hard to cooperate with those who always stick to their own opinions.

5.住惯了大城市的人均会喜欢住在没有噪音和人群的小镇上。(free of)

Those who are used to living in the city will all like to live in a small town free of noise and crowds.

6.想报名参加课外辅导中学的学生，年龄必须在10-15岁之间。(range)

Those who want to enroll in the tutorial center must range in age from 10 to 15 years old.

7.我觉得这本简易读物对学过两，三年的英语的人是很合适的。(suitable)

英汉翻译之定语从句

2,对于非限制性定语从句，可采用独立成句法： In any movement or exercise of the body, the veins gets a continual rubbing and pressure from the muscles around them, which help carry the blood back to the heart. 在身体的每一运动或锻炼过程中，静脉周围的肌肉对静脉进行连续不断的摩擦和挤压，这
A man who does not know foreign languages is ignorant of his own. It is the place where America invests its money. Students of these schools, however, as well as those in private colleges, must pay tuition, but the states schools are much less expensive than private ones, particularly for students who are residents of the state. He who is jealous and cannot achieve anything great himself tries every means to devaluate and belittle others’ greatness to his status. 有嫉妒心，且什么大事自己也干不成的人常常千方百计地去低估并贬低他人的伟大，使之与他本人地位相等。

定语从句的译法

英语定语从句在句法结构上虽属次要成份，在语言作用上却占有重要的地位，应用极广。英语定语从句的结构有简有繁，对先行词的限制有强有弱，翻译时需分别灵活处理。汉语里没有类似英语中定语从句的结构，一般说来，定语放在它所修饰的词之前，往往只起修饰或限制的作用，而英语定语从句的功能却并不止于此。另外，定语从句可以写得很长，可以由几个从句并列同时修饰一个名词，可以借助关系代词由一个从句套出另一个从句，而汉语名词前一般少用结构复杂、描写性的长定语。因此，翻译英语定语从句时不能一律把它提前译作定语。定语从句的译法很多，常用的有以下几种：

4.1 译成前置定语

一般说来，限定性的定语从句可提前译成定语。还有一些定语从句，虽然并不明显地带有限定性质，但本身较短，和被修饰语关系紧密，也可译为前置定语。如：

例1. To be sure, a great rebuilding project would give jobs to many of those people who need them.

诚然，一个宏伟的重建计划也许能为许多需要工作的人提供就业机会。

例2. There is no royal road to science, and only those who do not dread the fatiguing climb of the steep paths have a chance of gaining its luminous summits.

在科学上没有平坦的大道，只有不畏劳苦、沿着陡峭的山路攀登的人，才有希望达到光辉的顶点。

定语从句的译法

定语从句的译法
The translation of attributive clauses
1.译成前置定语 premodifier
一般来说，限定性的定语从句可提前译成定语。还有一些定语从句，虽然并不明显地带有限定性质，但本身较短，和被修饰语关系紧密，也可译为前置定语。
Example：The moon is a world that is completely still and where utter silence prevails. 月亮是一个声断音绝的世界，是一个万籁俱寂的世界。
3.溶合译法/拆译法Translation ability
把主句与定语从句合起来译，使之溶合成一个独立的句子。英语中含有定语从句的 “there be”结构汉译时常常使用溶合译法。 There is nothing that does not contain contradiction.没什么事物是不包含矛盾的。 You are the only person who could do it.只有你才能做这件事。
B.非限定定语从句与先行词的关系不十分密切，只是对先行词加以说明，描述或解释，或对整个语句所描述的事实或者现象加以总结概括、补充说明，其前都用逗号分开。在汉译时，一般以为后置的并列分句。 Example：He blamed me for everything， which I thought very unfair. 他把一切错误都归罪于我，我认为这很不公平。

定语从句的翻译二

2定语从句的翻译二

定语从句英译汉之不同译

英 译 汉 定语从句的译法

定语从句翻译方法

定语从句的翻译2

定语从句的翻译

定语从句例句带翻译

定语从句的翻译

定语从句的翻译（2）

定语从句翻译

英语定语从句的翻译法(2)

定语从句例句及翻译：

定语从句翻译

英汉翻译之定语从句

定语从句的译法

定语从句的译法

英译汉定语从句的译法