英汉翻译基础教程练习问题详解总主编冯庆华

汉英翻译基础教程

第一章汉英词汇比较与翻译 (2)

第二章词法翻译的一般技巧 (4)

第三章名词的抽象和具体译法 (9)

第四章动词的翻译 (11)

第五章数词和冠词的翻译 (12)

第六章成语的英译 (13)

第七章修辞格的翻译 (17)

笫八章文化词语的翻译 (19)

第九章汉英句子比较与翻译 (20)

第十章换序和转态译法 (23)

笫十一章断句合句译法 (25)

笫十二章长句的翻译 (27)

第十四章汉英语篇比较与翻译 (29)

第十五章风格与翻译 (30)

第十六章语用与翻译 (32)

第一章汉英词汇比较与翻译

第一节翻译中的选义

一、结合语境选择较贴切的译文

1. b

2. a

3. b

4. a

二、译出下列词语，注意词语的不同搭配

1． a swarm of bees

a brood of chickens

a litter of pups

2. a bevy of beautiful ladies

a pack of hounds

a team of ducks

a herd of antelopes

3. unfailing support

proactive fiscal policy

make effective use of overseas resources

4. make a phone call

take a taxi

knit a woolen sweater

fetch water

play basketball

spray insecticide

5. basic wage

capital construction

essential commodity

primary industry

fundamental interest

三、翻译下列句子，注意画线词语的理解

1. The two leaders exchanged views on bilateral relations and issues of common concern

2. Party members should listen carefully to the opinions of the general public.

3. They offered some suggestions for the revision of the plan.

4. Everyone complained against such a practice.

5. They had a dispute at the meeting.

6. You should follow the doctor's advice.

7. They reached a consensus on this issue.

8. There is still some unfinished business to settle.

9. We have consulted him about the matter.

10. Please go back. There is nothing of your concern now

第二节翻译中的选词

一、翻译下列各句，注意词的选择和搭配。

1. That depends upon circumstances.

2. This state of affairs must be changed.

3. How do matters stand with them?

4. He presents all his books to the library

5. A teacher should devote himself to the cause of education.

6. The committee consists of 15 members.

7. Air is made up of a mixture of gases.

8. Go in for rigorous training and set strict³ömand.

二、翻译下列词组，注意词汇的搭配方式。

1．set sail

2. open quotation

3. the beginning of spring

4. go into operation

5．be taken in

6. make progress

7. distinguished guests

8. be on duty

三、翻译下列各句，注意汉语中词汇的词义围。

1. It rained cats and dogs (hard / heavily) three days on end (in succession / running).

2. He likes talking big (talking large / talking horse /talking tall)/ he likes saying big words (large words) .

3. They are giving the classroom a good (general / spring / through) clean(ing).

4. A person like him is by no means (in no way / on no account / never / not absolutely) rare.

5. We should go in for industry in a big way in accordance with your suggestion.

6. If you do it like that, you'll be completely (gravely / seriously) mistaken (be absolutely wrong / make a big mistake / make a major blunder / commit a very gross error).

第三节翻译中的多样性

一、翻译下列句子，注意画线词的多样性译法。

1."It sounds as if the two of you are always of one mind,”Second Sister chuckled, "How would

it be if we were to betroth you to him?"

2. Through clenched teeth he added, ...

3. "She bore me no grudge," replied Xifeng. "It was Baoyu who made her grind her teeth with

rage just before she died. "

4. But after her initial fright Xifeng put on a bold face. "If she's dead," she retorted, "What's

all the fuss about?"

二、翻译下列句子，注意画线部分的成语。

1. The more you get, the more you want.

2. It’s only natural for man to hanker for more.

3. Goodness knows what they're being so secretive about.