词语在语境中的翻译页PPT文档

• Teaching objective:
• To learn to translate words with the help of context
Teaching Focus
• Linguistic context • Cultural context
• Linguistic Context • What? • 语言语境就是上下文，是指词语，短语，语段或
Exercise 1 订
• 1. 你要订哪种杂志？ • 2. 这本书我们没有货，但是可以帮你订。 • 3. 你能帮我把这本讲义订起来吗？
Exact meaning in the context: 1. 订阅杂志 2. 订购 3. 装订 Translation: 1. Which journal(s) do you subscribe to? 2. We don’t have the book in stock but we can orde it. 3. Would you please bind/staple this handout for me?
Exercise 2 Compare the following two versions and decide which one is better
• 1. 这是民国六年的冬天，大风刮得正猛，我因为 生机关系，不得不 一早在路上走。
• A. it’s the winter of 1917. the wind was blowing hard, but I had to walk in the street to make a living.
• Question for thought: • Look up the character “心“on all the C-E
《上海科技翻译》 2019年3期）
How to translate “意思”?
• 甲：这一点小意思， 请务必收下。 • 乙： 你这人真是有意思， 怎么也来这一套？ • 甲： 哎， 只是意思意思。 • 乙： 啊， 真是不好意思。 • （郭建中： “实用性文章的翻译 （上） ” 《上海科技翻
译》 2019年3期） • This is a little gift as a token of my appreciation. Please
birthday. 4. 居心叵测 to nurse evil__i_n_te_n_tion 5. 得人心着得天下 Those who gainp_o_p_u_la_riatymong the people will gain the
power. 6. 劳心者治人，劳力者治于人
Those who work with b_r_a_in__ rule and those who work with their brawn are ruled. 7. 哀莫大于心死 The greatest despair comes from a devastated _h_e_a_rt_____.
• Famous quotes:
• Each word when used in a new context is a new word (Firth)
• You shall know a word by the company it keeps (Firth)
• 词汇一词多义性。有些时候，字典不一定 收录词的某一意思，更不会给出符合语境 的对等译文,要根据语境做出推测。
• B. It happened during the winter of 1917. a bitter north wind was blowing but, to make a living, I had to be up and out early.
B is better. The context tells us the stress should be put on 早， rather than 走。
篇章的前后关系。
• Why is it important? • 1.helps to pin down exact meaning of words in
ST; • 2. helps to achieve the correspondence in TT, • 3. helps to avoid ambiguity; • 4. associative meaning is clarified in the context
Translation of words in the context
陈小仙
请试着翻译以下短对话。你觉得难点在哪里？ 为什么难？
• 甲：这一点小意思， 请务必收下。 • 乙： 你这人真是有意思， 怎么也来这一套？ • 甲： 哎， 只是意思意思。 • 乙： 啊， 真是不好意思。 • （郭建中： “实用性文章的翻译 （上） ”
do take it. • Oh, aren’t you a bit too polite? You shouldn’t do that. • Well, it just conveys my gratitude. • Ah. Thank you then, though I really don’t deserve it
B is better. Associative meaning of 不得不 一早在路上走 is better rendered in B.
Exercise 3 请选择最合适的表达来翻译各Байду номын сангаас中的“心”
Heart mind brain intention wish popularity feeling (7 choices)
1. 心有余而力不足 one’s ability falls short of one’s _a_b_i_lit_y_.
2. 您的建议我会永远铭记在心。I will always bear your advice in _m__in_d_. 3. 如果你忘了她的生日我会很伤心的。You’ll hurt her_fe_e_li_n_gsif you forget her