分句、合句法

2. Latin must have been very laborious , even if you were brought up to it; but no doubt it gave the Romans, and the Greeks too, a fine and easy way of establishing their posthumous fame. 即使你从小就在拉丁语语言环境中长大，学起来你也定会感到吃力。然而，毫无 疑问，拉丁语给古罗马人以及古希腊人开辟了一条使他们死后留名的绝妙便捷的 途径。（在分号处切分）
分句、合句法
一、分句(Division)
• 英语长句较多。句子修饰语多且长，句子 结构复杂；而汉语中长句则相对较少，修 饰语也较少且短。所以英译汉时，不能照 样克隆复制，而是得根据汉语的特点，灵 活处理。分句（切分）就是一种常见的方 法，是指把英语中的长句分译成两个或两 个以上的句子。 • 分句分三类：单词分译、短语分译、句子 分译
2. In the course of my travels in America I have been impressed by a kind of fundamental malaise which seems to me extremely common and which poses difficult problems for the social reformer. 我在美国旅行期间，注意到了一种根深谛固的忧郁症。我觉得这种 忧郁症似乎极其普遍，这给社会改革家出了难题。（在第一个 which引导的从句前切分。） 3.The day of the big snow， when you had to shovel the walk and couldn‘t find your cap and asked me how to wind a towel so that it would stay on your head--- you， in the white towel turban， like a crazy king of the snow. 那天下着大雪，你得去铲除道上的积雪。一时又找不到帽子，就 问我怎样才能把毛巾裹在头上又不让它掉下来。那时的你，头上 裹着白毛巾，简直像一个雪中古怪的国王。（在破折号处切分。）
2)Inserting(插入法)
By inserting, we mean the use of dash, bracket and comma to insert the difficult part in translation. Correct use of dash, bracket or comma to insert the difficult part will keep the original style untouched and it is convenient to do so, in the meanwhile, it can avoid careless omission. On this and succeeding days, during which our anticraft guns were doubled in numbers, very hard and continuous air fighting took place over the capital, and the Luftweffe were still confident through their overestimation of our losses. 在当天和随后的几天（我们的高射炮在这几天增加了一倍），首都 上空发生了连续不断的激烈空战，德国空军由于过多地估计了我们 的损失，因而仍然信心十足。
3）句子分译
句子分译可以分为简单句的分译、并列句的分译、主从复合句的 分译以及其他情况的分译。
（一）简单句的分译（根据情Fra bibliotek，灵活处理）1。Daybreak comes with thick mist and drizzle。 黎明时分，大雾弥漫，细雨蒙蒙。 2。A peasant and his family were working in a little field beneath the singing larks。 有个农民一家人正在一小块地里干活，头顶上云雀在歌唱。 3. A therapeutic mattress was installed for Kennedy’s bad back. 肯尼迪的背有毛病，所以为他准备了能起治疗作用的床垫。
1.Scofflaws abound in amazing variety.
玩忽法令者形形色色，令人吃惊。//比较：。。。令人吃惊的多 种多样。 2.At present people have a tendency to choose the safety of the middle-ground reply.
现在，人们都倾向于采取不偏不倚的态度来回答问题，因为它安全， 不招风险。/// 。。选择不偏不倚回答问题的安全。 3。We recognize that China’s long-term modernization program understandably and necessarily emphasizes economic growth. 我们认识到，中国的长期现代化计划以发展经济为重点，这是 可以理解的，也是必要的。// 。。。可以理解和必要地强 调。。。。
• 有的长句的翻译需要根据意群的分布等具体情况 来进行灵活处理. • Suddenly the door bursts open and the Time Traveller
appears, diry, disheveled, and bedragged,with a nasty cut on his chin. 突然，门猛然开了，时间旅行家出现。他十分肮脏，衣冠不整， 满身是泥，下巴额被严重划伤。（在appear后切分） The day before I was to leave I went walking across the river to the red mesa， where many times before I had gone to be alone with my thoughts. 临行前一天，我淌过河来到红石山下。我以前曾多次来过这里， 独自遐想一番。（where 后为一意义单位，所以切分。）
3. I remember the cold night you brought in a pile of logs and a chipmunk jumped off as you lowered your arms.
我记得那个寒冷的夜里，你从外面抱进来一捆干柴。在你放下双臂 时，一只金花鼠跳了下来。（在连词and处切分）
几个小时过去了，莉迪亚一直处于半清醒的睡眠状态。她做了个梦， 梦见了让·雅克，觉得他就在她的身边。（介词短语分译）
3. Once considered an art colony， Sansalito is now a chic enclave of boutiques and high-priced homes nestled in the hillsides. 索萨利托曾被认为是艺术的聚集地，可现在山坡上却到处是时装精 品店和高级住宅，豪华漂亮。 (分词短语分译)
（三）主从复合句的分译：常在分句连接处加以切分，分译成两个 或两个以上的句子。
1.White House officials have acknowledged during the past week that disclosure of the secret dealings was the latest and most serious in a number of recent issues that have raised broad questions about the administration’s credibility. 在过去的一周中，白宫官员们承认，秘密交易的泄露是近来发生 的一系列问题中最新最严重的一个。这些问题已使许多人对政府 的信誉明显地产生了怀疑。（在that引导的从句前切分。）
4. In 1921 his mother’s death was closely followed by that of his three-year-old daughter Marigold.
（二）并列复合句的分译：常常在分句连接处加以切分，译成两个
1921年他的母亲去世，紧接着他3岁的女儿玛丽戈尔德也死去。 或两个以上的句子。
Three other techniques to translate the long sentences
1) Reversing(倒置法)： It means changing or adjusting the sentence structure thoroughly or partly in order to have translation arranged in harmony with the Chinese syntax. And he knew how ashamed he would have been if she had known his mother and the kind of place in which he was born， and the kind of people among whom he was born. 他出生在这一类人中间,出生在这种地方,他还有这样的母亲;这些 要是让他知道的话,他会多麽丢人。
3）Recasting（重组） By recasting, we mean breaking the crust structure of original sentence on the basis of complete digestion, having the original reorganized and rearranged according to the original meaning. The great difficulty of introducing radically new computer architectures which requires customers to rewrite most of their software excluded the possibility for these techniques to find their way to the commercial marketplace. 采用全新的计算机体系结构，势必要求用户改写其大部分软件，因 此难以付诸实现，这就排除了这种技术进入商品市场的可能性。