论辛弃疾的“以气为词”

摘要

辛弃疾以豪放作为创作的基调，创作了大量词作，使豪放蔚然成风，巩固发展了豪放风格，并最终确立了豪放一派。而“以气为词”的词体风格则是支撑辛弃疾取得这一成就的基础，其彰显了辛弃疾独特的美学思想与追求，也是其“以文为词”等创作手法的理论内涵与核心。

本文主要探讨辛弃疾“以气为词”这一词体风格的形成、表现和意义。从古代“气”论的滥觞与“气”与文学的逐步结合开始探讨，结合时代背景与辛弃疾自身性格特点，分析辛弃疾倡导“以气为词”、“引气入词”的必然性和目的，认为辛弃疾词中之“气”的核心，正是当时中原和南方人民赖以救亡图存的丈夫之气，是危亡之际所展现的民族气节和英雄品格，是中华民族因之绵延不绝和繁荣昌盛的一种精神素质。它贯穿辛弃疾创作的始终，是辛词创作的核心，决定了辛词的表现手法和艺术特色，构筑起辛弃疾战斗的、功利性的文学创作观念。无论是“豪迈之气”、“悲凉之气”亦或是“婉约之气”，都是这种核心追求在不同的历史环境之下的表现。

辛弃疾在创作中能做到“运气入词，以词寓气”，与时代的背景和稼轩独特的人格魅力和人生追求是分不开的，而这种词体观念也促使辛弃疾在题材内容、艺术手法、作品风格等多方面的创新，使稼轩其人焕发出独特的人格精神，其词也呈现出独特的美学风貌，无论从人格力量还是在文学创作上都对后世影响深远。

关键词：辛弃疾、气、稼轩词、以气为词、词体风格

Abstract

Xin Qiji bold as creative tone, created a large number of words, make bold become a common practice, consolidate and develop the bold style, and eventually established the bold faction. "To gas as the style of CI " is the foundation of Xin Qiji this achievement, which shows Xin Qiji's unique aesthetics and pursuit, but also the connotation of "writing words" creation and core.

This article mainly discusses Xin Qiji "form, with gas as the words" the style of CI expression and significance. Beginning from the ancient "Qi" theory and the "gas" and literature gradually with began to explore, with the background of the times and Xin Qiji's own characteristics, analysis of Xin Qiji's advocacy of "gas", "bleed into the word" necessity and objective, think Xin Qiji words of "gas" core, is central plains and the southern people which was from the husband of the gas, is the peril of the national integrity and heroic character, is the Chinese nation for a kind of spiritual quality of rolling and thriving and prosperous. It runs through the creation of Xin Qiji's beginning, is the core of Xin CI creation, decided the Xin CI style and artistic characteristics, to build the Xin Qiji battle, utilitarian ideas of literary creation. Whether it is "heroic", "dismal gas" or "graceful of gas", is the core pursuit under different historical environment performance.

Xin Qiji can do it "luck into words in the creation, in terms of Qi", and the era background and his unique personality charm and pursuit of life are inseparable, and the CI concept also prompted Xin Qiji to innovation in the theme content, artistic style of works, and so on, so that its glow Jiaxuan’s the unique spirit of personality, the word also presents the aesthetic style unique, regardless of the strength of character or in literary works have far-reaching impact on future generations.

Key words:Xin Qiji；gas；Jia Xuan’s Ci；Style of Ci

目录

序言................................................ - 1 - 一．“以气为词”的滥觞和发展.......................... - 2 -

1.何为“气” .......................................... - 2 -

2.孟子“浩然之气”..................................... - 2 -

3.曹丕“文以气为主”.................................... - 3 -

4.韩昌黎“气盛言宜”.................................... - 3 - 二．“气”在辛弃疾词中的体现.......................... - 4 -

1.豪迈之气............................................ - 4 -

2.悲凉之气............................................ - 6 -

3.婉约之气............................................ - 7 - 三．辛词“以气为词”风格的形成原因及意义............. - 8 -

1.词如其人............................................ - 8 -

2.融气入词............................................ - 8 -

3.引典为词........................................... - 10 -

4.意义与影响 ......................................... - 10 - 参考文献............................................ - 11 - 致谢.................................... 错误！未定义书签。