考研英语长难句分析之_特殊句式

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考研英语的长难句

考研英语的长难句考研英语的长难句篇1一、逆序法逆序法即倒置法。

有些英语长句的表达次序与汉语习惯不同，甚至语序完全相反，这就必须从原文的后面译起，逆着原文的顺序翻译。

例如：“There was little hope of continuing my inquiries after dark to any useful purpose in a neighborhood that was strange to me.”该句可分为三部分①“There was little hope”;②“continuing my inquiries after dark to any useful purpose”;③“in a neighborhood that was strange to me.”前两层表结果，第三层表原因。

这句英语长句的叙述层次与汉语逻辑相反，因此要打破原句的结构，按照汉语造句的规律重新加以安排。

译为：这一带我不熟悉，天黑以后继续进行调查，取得结果的希望不大。

二、顺序法有些英语长句按逻辑关系安排，与汉语的表达方式比较一致，或者叙述的一连串动作按发生的时间先后安排，这类句子可按原文顺序译出，相比较要容易一些，大家可以按照正常的思维翻译即可。

三、分译法有些英语长句的主句与从句或主句与修饰语间的关系并不十分密切，为使意思连贯，建议考生们可把长句中的从句或短语化为句子分开来叙述，有时还可适当增加词语。

例如：“He became deaf at five after an attack of typhoid fever.”该句有两个介词短语，代表两层意思。

因此，按照分译法，打破原句的结构翻译成：他五岁的时候，生了一场伤寒病，变成了聋子。

四、综合法另有一些英语长句用前三种翻译方法翻译时都有困难，需要用综合法。

即或按时间先后，或按逻辑先后，或按逻辑顺序，有顺有逆地进行综合处理。

例如：“The phenomenon y in which light physically scatters when it passes through particles in the earth’s atmosphere that are1/10 in diameter of the color of the light.”该句可以分解为四个部分①“The phenomenon describes the way”;②“in which light physically scatters”;③“when it passes through particles in the earth‘s atmosphere”;④“that are1/10in diameter of the color of the light.”其中，第一、二和三、四部分之间是修饰与被修饰的关系。

考研英语长难句总结

考研英语长难句总结一、定语从句1.The people who’ve been hurt the worst are those who’ve stayed too long.2.I can’t think of a single search I’ve done where a board has not instructed me to look at sittingCEOs first.3.In addition, the computer programs a company uses to estimate relationships may be patentedand not subject to peer review or outside evaluation.4.But recently, many historians have begun to focus on the roles slavery played in the lives ofthe founding generation.5.The kinds of interpersonal violence that women are exposed to tend to be in domesticsituations, by, unfortunately, parents or other family members, and they tend not to be one-shot deals.二、名词性从句1.Unhappy parents rarely are provoked to wonder if they shouldn’t have had kids, but unhappychildless folks are bothered with the message that children are the single most important thing in the world: obviously their misery must be a direct result of the gaping baby-size holes in their lives.2.The same dramatic technological changes that have provided marketers with more (and morediverse) communications choices have also increased the risk that passionate consumers will voice their opinions in quicker, more visible, and much more damaging ways.3.What researchers such as Ransom Myers and Boris Worm have shown is just how fast thingsare changing.4.But it’s obvious that a majority of the president’s advisers still don’t take global warmingseriously.三、状语从句1.Even though the day-to-day experience of raising kids can be soul-crushingly hard, Seniorwrites that ―the ve ry things that in the moment dampen our moods can later be sources ofintense gratification and delight.‖2.But in some cases, one marketer’s owned media become another marketer’s paid media – forinstance, when an e-commerce retailer sells ad space on its Web site.3.We define such sold media as owned media whose traffic is so strong that other organizationsplace their content or e-commerce engines within that environment.四、后置定语1.According to several studies concluding that parents are less happy than childless couples,single parents are the least happy of all.2.Consumers passionate about a product may create ―earned‖ media by willingly promoting itto friends, and a company may leverage ―owned‖ media by sending e-mail alerts about products and sales to customers registered with its Web site.3.The decision to quit a senior position to look for a better one is unconventional.4.The widespread availability of such recordings has thus brought about a crisis in theinstitution of the traditional classical concert.5.Databases used by some companies don't rely on data collected systematically but rather lumptogether information from different research projects.6.It’s not obvious how the capacity to visualize objects and to figure out numerical patterns suitsone to answer questions that have eluded some of the best poets and philosophers.7.Such standardized tests may not assess all the important elements necessary to succeed inschool and in life, argues Robert J. Sternberg.五、伴随状语1.If that happens, passionate consumers would try to persuade others to boycott products,putting the reputation of the target company at risk.2.But in keeping with our examination of southern intellectual life, we may consider theoriginal Puritans as carriers of European culture, adjusting to New World circumstances.3.Not long ago, with the country entering a recession and Japan at its pre-bubble peak, the U.S.workforce was derided as poorly educated and one of the primary causes of the poor U.S.economic performance.4.More recently, while examining housing construction, the researchers discovered that illiterate,non-English-speaking Mexican workers in Houston, Texas, consistently met best-practice labor productivity standards despite the complexity of the building industry's work.5.But particularl y when viewed against America’s turbulent past, today’s social indices hardlysuggest a dark and deteriorating social environment.六、形式主语1.But it’s interesting to wonder if the images we see every week of stress-free,happiness-enhancing parenthood aren’t in some small, subconscious way contributing to our own dissatisfactions with the actual experience.2.To be sure, he performs an impressive variety of interesting compositions, but it is notnecessary for me to visit Avery Fisher Hall, or anywhere else, to hear interesting orchestral music.3.It is critical that our nation and the world base important policies on the best judgments thatscience can provide concerning the future consequences of present actions.4.It’s OK to keep pouring fumes into the air until w e know for sure.5.Surely it should be obvious to the dimmest executive that trust, that most valuable ofeconomic assets, is easily destroyed and hugely expensive to restore – and that few things are more likely to destroy trust than a company letting sensitive personal data get into the wrong hands.七、形式宾语1.The financial crisis has made it more acceptable to be between jobs or to leave a bad one.2.At the start of the first year in infant school, teachers seat pupils alphabetically from the front,to make it easier to remember their names.八、长主语1.The decision of the New York Philharmonic to hire Alan Gilbert as its next music director hasbeen the talk of the classical-music world ever since the sudden announcement of his appointment in 2009.2.The most thoroughly studied intellectuals in the history of the New World are the ministersand political leaders of seventeenth-century New England.3.The relationship between formal education and economic growth in poor countries is widelymisunderstood by economists and politicians alike.4.The magazine cover showing an attractive mother holding a cute baby is hardly the onlyMadonna-and-child image on newsstands this week.九、同位语1.Hunting for a job late last year, lawyer Gant Redmon stumbled across CareerBuilder, a jobdatabase on the Internet.2.But as diet and health improved, children and adolescents have, on average, increased inheight by about an inch and a half every 20 years, a pattern known as the secular trend in height.3.Although it ruled that there is no constitutional right to physician-assisted suicide, the Court ineffect supported the medical principle of ―double effect‖, a centuries-old moral principle holding that an action having two effects — a good one that is intended and a harmful one that is foreseen — is permissible if the actor intends only the good effect.4.Sternberg notes that traditional test best assess analytical and verbal skills but fail to measurecreativity and practical knowledge, components also critical to problem solving and life success.十、并列结构1.Besides generating income, the presence of other marketers makes the site seem objective,gives companies opportunities to learn valuable information about the appeal of other companies’ marketing, and may help expand user traffic for all companies con cerned.2.Alex Ross, a classical-music critic, has described him as a man who is capable of turning thePhilharmonic into ―a markedly different, more vibrant organization.‖3.For the time, attention, and money of the art-loving public, classical instrumentalists mustcompete not only with opera houses, dance troupes, theater companies, and museums, but also with the recorded performances of the great classical musicians of the 20th century.4.Progress in both areas is undoubtedly necessary for the social, political and intellectualdevelopment of these and all other societies.5.This increasingly high level of education is probably a necessary, but not a sufficient,condition for the complex political systems required by advanced economic performance.十一、插入语1.One of the reasons why the appointment came as such a surprise, however, is that Gilbert iscomparatively little known.2.The details may be unknowable, but the independence of standard-setters, essential to theproper functioning of capital markets, is being compromised.3.Washington, who had begun to believe that all men were created equal after observing thebravery of the black soldiers during the Revolutionary War, overcame the strong opposition of his relatives to grant his slaves their freedom in his will.4.The Internet –and pressure from funding agencies, who are questioning why commercialpublishers are making money from government-funded research by restricting access to it – is making access to scientific results a reality.5.I shall define him as an individual who has elected as his primary duty and pleasure in life theactivity of thinking in a Socratic (苏格拉底) way about moral problems.十二、比较1.From the middle-class family perspective, much of this, understandably, looks far less like anopportunity to exercise more financial responsibility, and a good deal more like a frightening acceleration of the wholesale shift of financial risk onto their already overburdened shoulders.2.Rather, it involves setting specific goals, obtaining immediate feedback and concentrating asmuch on technique as on outcome.3.In fact, the more new things we try — the more we step outside our comfort zone — the moreinherently creative we become, both in the workplace and in our personal lives.4.So it seems paradoxical to talk about habits in the same context as creativity and innovation.5.Rather than dismissing ourselves as unchangeable creatures of habit, we can instead direct ourown change by consciously developing new habits.6.Instead of intimate shops catering to a knowledgeable elite,‖ these were stores ―anyone couldenter, regardless of class or background.十三、倒装1.According to the standard history of American philosophy, nowhere else in colonial Americawas ―s o much importance attached to intellectual pursuits.‖2.Only when humanity began to get its food in a more productive way was there time for otherthings.3.Adding to a woman’s increased dose of stress chemicals are her increased ―opportunities‖ forstress.4.Among the firms making the biggest splash in this new world is Straitford, Inc., a privateintelligence-analysis firm based in Austin, Texas.十四、强调句1.It was the Federal Circuit itself that introduced such patents with its 1998 decision.2.It is the playgoers, the RSC contends, who bring in much of the town’s revenue because theyspend the night (some of them four or five nights) pouring cash into the hotels and restaurants.十五、That1.As a description of the next music director of an orchestra that has hitherto been led bymusicians like Gustav Mahler and Pierre Boulez, that seems likely to have struck at least some Times readers as faint praise.2.When the competitive environment pushed our ancestors to achieve that potential, they couldin turn afford more education.。

考研英语阅读理解长难句真题分析详解含译文f

考研英语阅读理解长难句真题分析详解含译文1. If you feel awkward being humorous , you must practice so that it becomes more natural . Include a few casual and apparently off-the-cuff remark which you can deliver in a relaxed and unforced manner .结构：•条件状语从句：If you [主] feel [谓] awkward being humorous [宾] ,•you [主] must practice [谓]•目的状语从句：so that it [主] becomes [谓] more natural [宾].•Include a few casual and apparently off-the-cuff remark [主]•定语从句：which you [主] can deliver [谓] in a relaxed and unforced manner [宾]单词：Casual a.随便的非正式的临时的偶然的Off-the-cuff a.即兴的Deliver vt.交付发表Manner n.方式词组：So that 为了解析：•if引导条件状语从句•So that引导目的状语从句•which引导定语从句修饰remark，句子中不做成分直译：如果表达幽默时你感到尴尬，那么为了变得更加自然你必须进行练习。

包括用轻松的和随意的方式表达一些偶然的和明显即兴的评论译文：如果你不擅长应用幽默，你就必须练习，以便你的幽默显得更加自然。

内容包括一些随意的，显然是即兴的话语，你能够以轻松，自然的方式将他们说出来重点：•So that 为了•if引导条件状语从句•So that引导目的状语从句•which引导定语从句修饰remark，句子中不做成分2. Often it’s the delivery which causes the audience to smile , so speak slowly and remember that a raised eyebrow or an unbelieving look may help to show that you are making a light-hearted remark .结构：•Often it’s [主+谓] the delivery [宾]•定语从句：which [主] causes [谓] the audience to smile [宾] ,•目的状语从句：so speak slowly and remember that a raised eyebrow or an unbelieving look [主] may help [谓] to show •宾语从句：that you [主] are making [谓] a light-hearted remark [宾]单词：Delivery n.演讲方式递交Light-heart 轻松的解析：•Which引导定语从句，修饰delivery，在句子中作主语•That 引导宾语从句，作remember的宾语•That 引导宾语从句，作show的宾语直译：通常，让听众笑起来的是表达方式，所以，要说的慢点和记得扬起眉毛或者用不可思议的表情，这样能帮助展现出你正在轻松的做评论译文：通常是说话的方式使听众发笑，所以，说的慢一些，并且记住眉毛上扬或者露出一副难以置信的表情，这有助于表明你在做轻松的评论重点：•Which引导定语从句，修饰delivery，在句子中作主语•That 引导宾语从句，作remember的宾语•That 引导宾语从句，作show的宾语3. Look for the humor . It often comes from the unexpected .结构：Look for the humor .It [主] often comes from [谓] the unexpected [宾].词组：Come from 来自直译：寻找幽默，幽默通常来自意外译文：去追寻幽默吧，它常常来自意料之外4. A twist on a familiar quote “If at first you don’t succeed , give up ”ora play on words or on situation . Search for exaggeration and understatements .结构：• A twist on a familiar quote “If at first you don’t succeed , give up ”or a play on words or on situation .•Search for exaggeration and understatements .单词：Twist n.转折扭曲Exaggeration n.夸张Understatement n.轻描淡写的描述不充分的描述低调的描述词组：Give up 放弃Give in 屈服投降Search for 寻找探索Play on 有意利用解析：•Or 连接三个并列句直译：在熟知谚语上使用转折，比如“如果你起初没有成功，那么就放弃吧”或者刻意利用文字或者情景。

近几年来关于长难句八大类型的总结

近几年来，考研英语出现了很多难句。

并且这些难句主要是长难句。

英语长难句不限于并列句和复合句，简单句有时也很长。

它的一个重要特点便是修饰语较长，而这些较长的修饰语一般都是短语和从句，它们或是位于名词后面的定语短语或从句，或是位于动词后面的状语短语或从句。

这类修饰语在句子中还可以一个套一个连用，甚至一连套上好几个也很普通。

于是，英语文章中出现的长句少则四、五行，多则十余行，甚至整个一段就是一个长句。

对于考研英语的考生来说，英语长句的理解，关键在于语法分析。

具体地说，理解长句大体可以分两个步骤进行：(1)判断出句子是简单句，并列句，还是复合句；(2)先找出句中的主要成分，即主语和谓语动词；然后再分清句中的宾语、状语、表语、宾语补足语、定语等。

一般说来考研英语的句式往往具有以下特点：1)句子偏长，多为复杂句。

2)句子修饰语多，层次复杂。

3)使用插入语和分隔结构4)成分省略5)多枝共干6)改变语序7)否定结构8)比较结构这八种方式往往可以相互结合．从而形成更长的难句。

形成长难句的目的却只有一个。

就是打断和打乱考生正常的阅读习惯和思维习惯。

从而达到考察考生阅读能力和翻译能力的目标。

下面分别对这八种方式一—解析。

第一节：句子偏长，多为复杂句具体表现在以下几点：I. 主语为长句，且放在前面如果句子的主语比谓语长许多，可用各种修饰手段变成主谓语两头基本平衡。

阅读理解短文中大多数也是这种句子。

但是，也有相当一部分长句不是这样，而是头顶一个长长的主语，其后的谓语却非常短。

例如：【例1】Much of the language used to describe monetary policy, such as "steering the economy to a soft landing" or "a touch on the brakes", makes it sound like a precise science.【简析】本句的主语部分是: Much of the language used to describe monetary policy, such as "steering the economy to a soft landing" or "a touch on the brakes", 长达24 个单词，而谓语只是一个词make.对中国学生来说，这样长的主语往往会打乱我们的思维习惯，使我们摸不清句子结构关系，导致理解错误。

(完整版)长难句重难点整理

长难句（1）考研英语长难句四大类型及五大特点一、长难句的特点英语长句一般指的是各种复杂句，复杂句里可能有多个从句，从句与从句之间的关系可能包孕、嵌套，也可能并列或平行。

从功能来说，英语有三大复合句,即：①名词性从句，包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句；②形容词性从句，即我们平常所说的定语从句；③状语从句。

英语长难句五大特点:1）结构复杂，逻辑层次多;2)常须根据上下文作词义的引申;3）常须根据上下文对指代词的指代关系做出判断;4)并列成分多;5）修饰语多，特别是后置定语很长；二、考研英语长难句分析类别第一类：复杂修饰成分句子本不难，但是修饰成分多且长。

1、从句（定语、状语、同位语从句等)修饰；2、介词短语修饰;3、分词修饰;4、不定式修饰。

经常是在同一个句子里既有从句又有介词短语，且都不止一个.例：The methods that a community devises to perpetuate itself come into being to preserve aspects of the cultural legacy that community perceives as essential.分析：主语:The methods；谓语：come into being；that a community devises to perpetuate itself为定语从句，修饰the methods；不定式to表示目的状语;that community perceives as essential为定语从句，修饰the cultural legacy。

译文:一个社会设计出来保存自己的方法得以形成来保持那个社会认为最重要的一些方面。

第二类：大段的插入与或同位语，打断读者的思路，割裂前后之间的语义，造成理解的困难。

我们称之为“打岔”。

例:Moreover, I can feel strong emotions in response to objects of art that are interpretations， rather than representations, of reality.分析:在浏览该句时，发现句子中出现了双逗号,其中间的内容rather than representations为插入语，浏览的时候先跳过。

考研英语真题典型长难句解析结构分析附译文

考研英语真题典型长难句解析结构分析附译文We are even farther removed from the unfocused newspaper reviews published in England between the turn of the 20th century and the eve of World War II, at a time when newsprint was dirt-cheap and stylish arts criticism was considered an ornament to the publications in which it appeared.词汇突破:ornament [ˈɔːnəmənt]n. 装饰；[建][服装] 装饰物；教堂用品vt. 装饰，修饰结构分析:本句的主干结构是We are even farther removed from the unfocused newspaper reviews。

published in England 是newspaper reviews 的后置定语。

between the turn of the 20th century and the eve of World War II 是主句的时间状语，at a time是between the turn of the 20th century and the eve of World War II 的同位语，进行解释说明，后面紧跟一个when 引导的定语从句，其中还含有一个介词加which 的定语从句修饰修饰the publications。

参考译文:从20世纪初到第二次世界大战前夕，英国报纸上发表的评论更加散乱，那时新闻纸非常便宜，时尚的艺术评论被视为出版物的点缀。

It is difficult to the point of impossibility for the average reader under the age of forty to imagine a time when high-quality arts criticism could be found in most big-city newspapers.词汇突破:criticism [ˈkrɪtɪsɪzəm]n. 批评；考证；苛求结构分析:本句是一个主从复合句，其主干结构是It is difficult to imagine a time。

考研英语长难句分析

1.This success, coupled with later research showing that memory itself is not genetically determined, led Ericsson to conclude that the act of memorizing is more of a cognitive exercise thanan intuitive one.词汇突破：cognitive 认知的〔后天习得的〕Intuitive 先天的与以上这组单词概念一样的表达还有：Nature先天；nurture后天；born ;先天的；made 后天的；innate天生的；Acquired后天习得；Determine 决定Coupled with 相当于and,想类似的表达还有along with ; combined with等。

主干识别：句子的主语是This success与later research ；谓语是led; 宾语是Ericsson; 不定式短语to conclude 做状语；主干构造是：this success and later research led Ericsson to conclude that …其他成分：在research后面接一个现在分词短语做后置定语，在这个现在分词短语中that引导的从句做showing 的宾语；在不定式短语中that引导的从句做conclude的宾语；more…than构造翻译为与其说，不如说。

微观解析：由于主语中的第二个并列成分比拟长，且是用两个逗号隔开的，在阅读的时候可以跳读；把This success与动词led先连起来然后再来解析其他成分。

译文赏析：这种成功与后来说明记忆本身并不是先天决定的研究使爱立信总结道，记忆的行为与其说是一种先天的行为不如说是一种习得的行为。

2.It is not obvious how the capacity to visualize objects and to figure out numerical patterns suits one to answer questions that have eluded some of the best poets and philosophers.词汇突破：visualize 想象Figure out 发现与找出Suits 使…适合主干识别：句子主语是由how引导的一个主语从句，it是句子的形式主语；句子主干为: How …is not obvious.在主语从句中主语是capacity，谓语是suits 宾语是one ;其他成分：状语为to answer…主语后加上两个动词不定式做后置定语；动词不定式中的宾语questions后面接一个that引导的定语从句。

考研英语典型长难句及解析

1. This will be particularly true since energy pinch will make it difficult to continue agriculture in the high-energy American fashion that makes it possible to combine few farmers with high yields.结构分析:句子的主干是This will be particularly true…。

since引导原因状语从句。

此从句中又套嵌一个由关系代词that引导的定语从句，修饰the high-energy American fashion。

在定语从句中，that做主语，makes做谓语，it做形式宾语，不定式短语to combine few farmers with high yields则是真正的宾语（不定式短语内部to combine是主干，few farmers是宾语，with high yields是状语），possible做宾语补足语。

this指代前句中提到的这种困境。

energy pinch 译为“能源的匮乏”;in…fashion译为“用…方法、方式”。

译文：这种困境将是确定无疑的，因为能源的匮乏，高能量消耗这种美国耕种方式将很难在农业中继续下去，而这种耕种方式使投入少数农民就可获得高产成为可能。

2. Now since the assessment of intelligence is a comparative matter，we must be sure that the scale with which we are comparing our subjects provides a“valid”or“fair”comparison.结构分析:句子的主干是we must be sure…。

考研英语历年真题阅读长难句句精析

考研英语历年真题阅读长难句句精析————————————————————————————————作者：————————————————————————————————日期:ﻩ考研英语历年真题阅读长难句10０句精析１.Ｗhｉｌe warningｓaｒe often apprｏｐrｉａte and necｅsｓary —tｈe ｄan ｇｅrs of drug intｅrａcｔions,fｏr example—aｎd many are requirｅｄby sｔａte or fedｅral rｅguｌations,it ｉsn't cleａr that tｈey acｔualｌｙproｔｅｃtｔhe manｕfactｕrｅrｓand sｅllers frｏmｌiabilｉtｙif a cusｔomer ｉｓｉnjurｅd.【译文】尽管警告常常是适当而且必须的——比如对于药物相互作用的危险提出警告——许多警告还是按州或联邦政府规定要求给出的,然而(我们）并不清楚，如果顾客受到伤害时,这些警告是不是确实可以使得生产者和销售者豁免责任。

【分析】在这个主从复合句中,ｉt isn'ｔcｌear that thｅyａctｕalｌyｐroｔeｃt tｈe ｍanufａcturerｓaｎd ｓｅllers from lｉabｉlity if a customer ｉs inｊured是主句。

主句用了一个形式主语ｉt,真正的主语是that引导的从句，而that从句之后是一个ｉf 引导的条件从句。

从句由两个部分组成,中间用and连接。

破折号之间的部分是举例说明warnings的内容。

注意：ｍａnｙaｒｅrｅquｉrｅｄby sｔaｔe ｏrｆederａl regulaｔions中的many是指mａny warnings。

２.Aｄdｉtioｎal social stｒesses may ａlso occｕr becａｕsｅoｆthe populａtion eｘpｌoｓion ｏｒproblems aｒiｓiｎｇfrom masｓmigｒaｔｉon mｏvｅｍent ｓ—ｔheｍsｅlves made relａtivｅlｙeasy noｗadａys bｙｍoｄｅｒn mｅans ｏf tr ａｎsporｔ.【译文】由于人口猛增或大量人口流动（现代交通工具使大量人口流动变得相对容易) 所引起的各种问题也会对社会造成新的压力。

bh-uvpcn分析考研英语长难句(考研必看)(1)

考研英语长难句考研英语难，难在何处？难在句子太长，结构太复杂。

其实，万变不离其宗，总有章法可循，且看我们如何演绎。

也许能给你启发呢？为了使分析更有针对性，我们不但剖析了英语长难句的基本句型，而且对近年来考研英语试题中出现的典型长难句进行了分析。

第一部分长难句基本句型近几年，考研英语出现了很多难句。

并且这些难句主要是长难句。

长难句的形成主要通过以下四种方式：复合从句、成分省略、使用插入语和改变句序。

这四种方式往往可以相互结合，从而形成更长的难句。

虽然形成长难句之方法有四，但是目的却只有一个，就是打断和打乱考生正常的阅读习惯和思维习惯，从而达到考察考生阅读能力和翻译能力的目标。

下面分别对这四种方式一一解析。

一、复合从句在考研中，复合从句中的从句最常见的是定语从句。

复合从句可分为简单复合从句和复杂复合从句。

本文将分词作状语和定语也归入从句范畴，当作一种更为灵活的从句形式。

这种语法处理，并不是从语言学研究角度进行的，而是从教学角度出发做出的从简处理。

（一）简单复合从句简单复合从句可以分为套用从句和并列从句两种。

套用从句，其实是最简单的长难句。

这类句子就像一根锁链，只要抓住句子的各个连接点，理出句子层次，就完全可以把握住。

在翻译定语从句时，“这（些/个）”常用来作为拆分句子的必用手段。

阅读时，定语从句一般可以跳过，实在不放心可以略读。

一般情况下，考研基本上不会在这种从句中有出题点。

并列从句大致有四种情况：并列从句修饰主语、谓语和宾语。

也就是说并列从句一般作定语或状语。

其实，并列从句和并列短语在语法功能上完全相同，只不过并列从句一般较长，会使考生在阅读中渐忘句子结构。

并列从句修饰主语，就是说并列从句作状语。

这种句子很简单。

翻译时，可以直译，把从句作定语，直接放在主语前面。

如果从句很长，可以使用复指代词。

另外，翻译从句先行词时，要注意词性的转换，比如hope/ suggest之类的词有名动两种译法。

考生要切忌拘于词性。

浅析考研英语中长难句的三大典型特点

浅析考研英语中长难句的三大典型特点随着对学历的追求越来越高，研究生入学考试也成为国内学子追求高学历的必经之路，可是现在的考研英语却让很多考生望而却步。

之所以会出现这样的情况，主要是因为考研英语中比重最大的阅读理解和翻译，不仅阅读量较大，而且在阅读中会出现各种各样的长句和难句，这些长难句往往对考生具有极大的杀伤力。

比如，曾在考研翻译中的出现的长句：What the researchers found was at once both amazing and expected; the US National Aeronautics and Space Administration’s Cosmic Background Explorer satellite -- Cobe -- had discovered landmark evidence that the universe did in fact begin with the primeval explosion that has become known as the Big Bang (the theory that the universe originated in an explosion from a single mass of energy).当然这可能还算不上是考研中最长的句子，不过试想一下在考试中如果突然出现这样一个有61个单词的句子，结构异常复杂，会不会有一种欲哭无泪的感觉?因此，在备战考研的最后阶段消灭长难句这样一个拦路虎，也就成为非常现实的一个任务。

这里，将结合真题进行分析，帮同学们总结一下考研长句的基本特点：当然考研英语阅读和翻译的特点千变万化，这里将和大家分享三个最常见的特点：成分超长、语序颠倒和省略。

一、成分超长和托福、雅思等国外流行的考试一样，现在的考研英语也表现出一种成分越来越长的趋势，而考生在练习阅读的过程中要尽可能适应这样一种出题方式，比如充当主语的可以有：名词，非谓语动词，从句等。

考研英语长难句经典200句解析

1．Tight-lipped elders used to say, “It‟s not what you want in this world, but what you get.”结构分析：本句的主干是elders used to say…。

直接引语中是主系表结构, 注意not…but 结构。

参考译文：出言谨慎的长辈们过去常说，“问题不是你在这个世界上想要什么，而是你能得到什么。

”2．You can make a mental blueprint of a desire as you would make a blueprint of a house, and each of us is continually making these blueprints in the general routine of everyday living.结构分析：这句话是and连接的两个并列句。

在第一个分句中，as是连词，引导比较状语从句，把a mental blueprint of a desire和a blueprint of a house相比较。

第二个分句中的主干结构是：each of us is…making blueprints…。

第二个分句中用一般进行时表示经常发生的事情。

这样的结构常常用来表达经常发生的令人不快的、令人讨厌的事情。

参考译文：你可以在脑子里为你的愿望画一幅蓝图，就象给房子画蓝图那样。

实际上，在日常生活中，我们每一个人都在不断地描绘着这些蓝图。

3．While talking to you, your could-be employer is deciding whether your education, your experience, and other qualifications will pay him to employ you and your “wares” and abilities must be displayed in an orderly and reasonably connected manner.结构分析：and 连接两个并列句。

2024年考研英语一长难句解析与答案详解

2024年考研英语一长难句解析与答案详解2024年考研英语I长难句解析与答案详解学术界对于长难句的定义多种多样。

简单来说，长难句是指句子结构复杂，由多个分句组成，或者包含很多修饰成分的句子。

在英语考研中，长难句是阅读理解中常见的一种题型，考察考生对于句子结构的理解和分析能力。

为了帮助考生更好地应对2024年考研英语I中的长难句题目，本文将对常见的长难句结构进行解析，并给出详细的答案解释。

1. 并列句并列句是由两个或多个具有相同地位的分句并列连接而成的句子。

常见的并列连词有and，or，but等。

在阅读理解中，经常会出现因果关系的并列句。

考例：John couldn't find his passport， so he missed his flight.解析：该句是一个简单的因果并列句，由两个独立的句子构成。

第一个分句是John couldn't find his passport，第二个分句是so he missed his flight。

两个分句之间通过并列连词so连接，表示因果关系。

所以，正确答案为John misses his flight because he can't find his passport.2. 定语从句定语从句是用来修饰名词或代词的从句。

在阅读理解中，常常会出现限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。

考例：The book which I borrowed from the library is very interesting.解析：该句是一个限制性定语从句，修饰名词the book。

定语从句中的which引导的从句修饰先行词the book，在从句中充当主语。

所以，正确答案为I borrowed the book from the library.3. 状语从句状语从句是用来修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子的从句。

在阅读理解中，常常会出现时间状语从句、条件状语从句和原因状语从句等。

考研英语长难句解析必考点详解

考研英语长难句解析必考点详解第1句：让步状语从句，定语从句Although happiness is a door that is always open, we are the ones whohave to decide if we are going to walk through the door.长句分析：1.although 引导让步状语从句；在该从句中that引导了一个定语从句，修习先行词a door, 并且在定语从句中充当主语的成分；2.在主句中，who引导定语从句，修饰先行词the ones，并且在定语从句中充当主语的成分；3.在定语从句who have to decide中，if引导宾语从句，做decide宾语；长句翻译：虽然幸福是一扇永远敞开的门，但我们是决定是否要走进这扇门的人。

第2句：宾语从句，强调句型He suddenly realized that in the past it was his laziness that made him poor and unhappy长句分析：1. Realized是主句的谓语动词，后面的that是一个宾语从句；2. That引导的宾语从句是一个强调句型：去掉it wash…that…, 宾语从句的正常语序为his laziness made him poor and unhappy；重要词汇语法解析：1. suddenly ：突然；忽然；猛然；骤然；2. realize: 实现；意识到；领悟；理解；3. laziness: 懒惰；4. make + somebody + 形容词：使某人处于某种状态。

形容词为宾语somebody的宾语补足语，对宾语进行补充说明5. 强调句型的结构：It is(was) + 被强调的部分+ that(who) + 其他剩余部分。

该句型可以用来强调主语，宾语，状语，但是不可以强调谓语；6. 强调句型判断标准：去掉it is(was), that(who), 句子仍然是一个完整的句子。

英语长难句解析

英语长难句解析(一)长难句分析法一、为什么英语会存在长难句？这时同学们会思考，汉语为什么不存在读起来就想让人自杀的句子？这要从英语的基本句型开始。

1、名词惹的祸有名词就会存在修饰成分。

名词后可能是of 短语、介词短语、形容词短语、分词、不定式或从句，不管其后是哪种成分，一般情况下，名词后面有一堆东西，这一堆东西一定是修饰或解释这个名词的。

我们最常用的句型就是主谓宾结构。

比如说I love you. 这句话每个人都能读懂，巨简单无比，但是在考研英语中这种句子如果能存在，就说明出题人今年一定是更年期了。

首先，英语中只要存在名词，就会存在修饰名词或解释名词的东西。

所以，I 后面可能跟有这些成分。

比如liuxiaoyan，这个东西也是名词，名词后面还可能有修饰或限定成分，比如who comes from chongqing university. 这个句子中最后一个成分还是名词，又可能存在着修饰限定成分，于是又可能来对chongqing university 做解释，which is the most important universities in china; 这时同学们已经可以自己推出来了，china后面还可能有修饰限定成分。

同样的道理，you 后面也可以跟修饰限定成分。

这样，一个所谓的长难句就诞生了。

I,liuxiaoyan, who comes from chongqing university, which is the most importantuniversities in china, who is my motherland, love you ，who can make everybody stop to lookat you in the street in which there are so many people who … ;在这个句子当中，你还能找出I love you 吗？所以有了名词的存在就有了这么复杂的限定成分。

考研英语长难句分析之特殊句式

考研英语长难句分析之特殊句式Revised final draft November 26, 2020第五讲特殊句式及长难句解析1．简单句、并列句、复合句从句: 名词性：主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句形容词性：定语从句副词性：状语从句--- 时间、地点、原因、结果、目的、条件、让步、比较、方式2．省略句、比较结构、倒装句、分割结构英语中还有一些特殊句式，出现在阅读理解中，势必会成为我们理解文章的障碍。

但是，特殊句式还是有语法规律的，因此，如果我们能熟练应用特殊句式的语法规律，在阅读中一眼就能识别并领会这些特殊语法现象，障碍就基本克服了。

1.省略句资料47 To err is human; to forgive, divine.Brevity is the soul of wit. 文体畅晓，其智乃见。

（省略是将句子中的赘述部分删去，避免重复，使句子更简洁，加强表达内容的连贯性和逻辑性。

被省略的部分大多是主语、谓语或谓语中的助动词等。

文章中的省略现象会使句子成分短缺，造成句子不完整，如果看不出句子中省略了什么成分，就容易造成对文章的理解困难。

省略句一般只有当各组成部分有共同的成分才可能出现省略。

对于这类句式，其难点在于发现省略成分，一旦找出并补充完整，句意理解就会大大简化。

省略句如果出现在翻译中，在翻译的时候，一定要把省略的部分翻译出来，否则会扣分。

A：and 连接的并列句的省略材料48页：Until these issues are resolved, a technology of behavior will continue to be rejected, and with it possibly the only way to solve our problems.（2002）分析：很明显，and with it possibly the only way to solve our problem，是一个省略句，with做状语一般表示伴随，这一个分句只有一个状语加一个名词结构，构不成一个完整的句子。

2023考研英语真题长难句解析结构分析含译文

考研英语真题长难句解析结构分析含译文The first shiploads of immigrants bound for the territory which is now the United States crossed the Atlantic more than a hundred years after the 15th-and-16th-century explorations of North America.词汇突破:shipload [ˈʃɪpləʊd]n. 船货；船舶运载量territory [ˈterətri]n. 领土，领域；范围；地域；版图结构分析:本句的主干是The first shiploads of immigrants crossed the Atlantic，主语为The first shiploads of immigrants，谓语为crossed，宾语为the Atlantic。

bound for the territory 为形容词短语作后置定语，修饰The first shiploads of immigrants，which is now the United States 为限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the territory，more than a hundred years after the 15th-and-16th-century explorations of North America 为时间状语。

参考译文:在15世纪和16世纪的北美探险一百多年后，第一批满载移民的船只横渡大西洋前往现在的美国。

They should start by discarding California’s lame argument that exploring the contents of a smartphone—a vast storehouse of digital information—is similar to, say, rifling through a suspect’s purse.词汇突破:discard [dɪˈskɑːd]v. 抛弃；放弃；丢弃n. 抛弃；被丢弃的东西或人lame [leɪm]adj. 跛足的；僵痛的；不完全的；无说服力的；差劲的，蹩脚的v. 变跛，使跛；使成残废rifle [ˈraɪfl]n. 步枪；来复枪v. 用步枪射击；抢夺；偷走结构分析:本句的主干是They should start by discarding California’s lame argument。

2024考研英语长难句解析含译文语法分析where从句

2024考研英语长难句解析含译文语法分析where从句Successful communication occurs in any case where what the writer wanted to have received finds its way into the reader's possession. The writer's skill and the reader's skill converge upon a common end.【翻译】成功的沟通会在这样的情况下出现，即当作者希望将来某时已经接收了的信息，确实进入了读者的内心，为读者所拥有。

作者的技能和读者的技能在同一个目的上交汇在一起了。

【语法分析】第一句是一个主从复合句。

主句是where之前的部分。

从句是where 引导的定语从句，修饰前面的名词case.大家要注意where引导的从句并不一定是状语，这主要取决于把它放在什么位置上。

如果是单独存在，它就是一个状语，例如，Where there's a will, there's a way.有志者事竟成。

如果跟在一个名词后面，像这一句，在名词case的后面，它就是定语。

当它出现在系动词后面时，where从句又成了表语，例如，This is where the twin tower used to be.这是双子塔曾经的所在地。

如果把它放在谓语动词之前，它可能就是主语从句，例如，Where he is isn't known yet.他在哪儿现在还不清楚。

好，接着再看，在where从句里又出现了一个主语从句，what the writer wanted to have received.主语从句就是当一个句子放在主语的位置上，作主语的时候，这个句子就叫主语从句。

要注意，主语从句作主语时，是被看作一个单数名词来对待的，所以如果是一般现在时，谓语要用单三来表示，加s.本句的谓语动词find就加了s.在主语从句中wanted to have received里，wanted后面跟的是不定式的现在完成时，表示将来完成时，即当时希望的、将来某个时刻已经接收到的信息，这是比较复杂的时态。

考研英语长难句重难点详解分析firm

考研英语长难句重难点详解分析scale 规模；violate 违反；antitrust 反垄断的；obtains 获得；rivals 竞争者；survive 生存；再找主干。

这句是主从复合句。

主干：a firm does not violate the antitrust laws +状语从句a firm（主语）enjoying economies of scale（定语）拥有规模经济的公司；that is, low unit production costs（这个不是谓语动词，是cost的复数形式）due to high volume（状语）即：大规模生产使得单个产品成本降低；does not violate（谓语）the antitrust laws（宾语），没有违反反垄断法；when （连接词）it（主语，指代前面的a firm）obtains（谓语）a large market share（宾语）by charging prices（状语），通过改变价格当公司获得巨大的市场份额时；that （定语从句，链接词，做主语，指代prices）are（系动词）profitable （表语）but（并列词）so low（表语）that its smaller rivals cannot survive（状语），定价有利润但是非常低从而小的竞争对手无法生存；句子翻译比如，拥有规模经济的公司，即大规模生产使得单个产品成本降低；（这种做法）没有违反反垄断法。

（因为）公司通过定价而获得巨大的市场份额时，其定价是有利润只是非常低从而小的竞争对手无法生存。

The nonstarters were considered the ones who wanted stability, a strong referee to give them some position in the race, a regulative hand to calm manic speculation; an authority that can call things to a halt, begin things again from compensatorily staggered “starting lines.”先找生词。