商务英语期末复习
商务英语期末复习
商务英语期末复习Unit 21c词汇用下面的词语填进下列句子的空格中1、Managers have to decide how best to allocate the human, physical and capital resources （资源、财力）availableto them.2、Managers – logically – have to make sure that the jobs and tasks given to their subordinates are manageable.3、There is no point in setting objectives if you don’t communicate them to your staff.4、Managers have to supervise their subordinates, and to measure, and try to improve, their performance.5、Managers have to check whether objectives and targets are being achieved.6、A top manager whose performance is unsatisfactory can be dismissed by the company’s board of directors.7、Top managers are responsible for the innovations that will allow a company to adapt to a changing world.1d词汇课文里有一些常见的动词-名词搭配（入achieve objectives, deal with crises等等。
把下面的动词和名词按照常用搭配连起来。
商务英语阅读期末考试复习资料
《商务英语阅读》期末考试复习资料一、词汇翻译题（课内词汇+课外高频商务词汇）1.entrepreneur 企业家2.specification 规格详述3.human resources 人力资源4.institution 机构5.orientation 方向，导向，新员工入职培训6.decline 消减，衰亡7.bonus 奖金unch 推出，投放市场munity 社区，共同体10.necessities （生活）必需品11.stock 股票12.liquidity 流动性，变现性13.risk 风险14.potential 潜在的15.act of God 不可抗力y off 使……下岗17.listed company 上市公司18.log on 登入、连接（上网）19.absolute interest 绝对产权20.keyboard skills 打字技能21.human resources 人力资源22.account for 解释某事物的原因，占……比例23.executive 高级管理人员，执行总裁24.logo 企业或公司等专用的标记、标识25.administration 管理26.budget 预算27.feasible 可行的28.industry 产业，行业29.ingredient 成分，要素30.securities 证券mission 佣金32.dividend 股息，红利33.mature 到期，成熟34.accounts receivable 应收账款35.job description 岗位描述36.letter of intent 意向书37.living wage 基本生活工资38.bar code 条形码39.acid test 决定性的考验40.executive 高管，主管41.administrative expenses 行政管理费用42.jet lag 飞机时差反应43.customized 用户化的，按客户要求定制的44.keep-fit market 保健市场45.lecture theatre 梯形教室，梯形报告厅46.local adaptation 本土化47.balance sheet 资产负债表48.benefits package 福利套餐,整体福利49.bill of lading 提单、提货单50.access fee 使用费二、单项选择题（课内）1.Factors of production refer to _______.A.natural resources and capitalbor and entrepreneursC.both A and B2.The structure of a large manufacturing company and that of a small service firmshould be __________.A. the sameB. differentC. similar3. Organization charts show employees where they ______.A. start their workB. report to the bossC. fit into the company’s operation4. The basic management skills are ________.A.technical skills, human relations skills and conceptual skillsB.performing skills, marketing skills and planning skillsanizing skills, controlling skills and leading skills5. ________ programs include wages and salaries, incentives, and benefit forworkers.A. CompensationB. MarketingC. Orientation6. The firm’s ________ covers all the products it offers for sale.A. product lineB. product lifeC. product mix7. A nation’s ______ is the difference between the flow of money into and outof the nation.A.balance of tradeB.balance of paymentsC.payment of balance8. China is in the _______ regional economy.A. North AmericaB. EuropeC. Asia/Pacific9. A corporation can also obtain equity financing by selling securities directlyto current stockholders. “Equity” here means ______.A. reasonable qualityB. ordinary stocks and sharesC. principles of equality10.Most short-term financing is unsecured. “unsecured” here means _______.A.no interest chargeB.no collateral is requiredC.no bank loans11.The funds needed to operate an enterprise are referred to as _______.A.capitalB.resourcesbor12. Organization charts show employees where they ______.A. start their workB. report to the bossC. fit into the company’s operation13. The basic management skills are ________.A.technical skills, human relations skills and conceptual skillsB.performing skills, marketing skills and planning skillsanizing skills, controlling skills and leading skills14. ________ programs include wages and salaries, incentives, and benefit forworkers.A. CompensationB. MarketingC. Orientation15. The firm’s ________ covers all the products it offers for sale.A. product lineB. product lifeC. product mix16. _______ may be established based on costs, demands, the competitions’prices,or some combination of these.A. ProductsB. BrandsC. Prices17. A nation’s ______ is the difference between the flow of money into and outof the nation.A.balance of tradeB.balance of paymentsC.payment of balance18. China is in the _______ regional economy.A. North AmericaB. EuropeC. Asia/Pacific19.People can buy stocks from _____.A.securities marketsB. a secure marketC.financial markets20. High-risk investment techniques can provide greater returns, but they entailgreater risk of loss. “Entail” here means _________.A. retailB. investC. involve（答案自己在书上找）三、阅读理解题（课外）Passage 1Global Recession Hits the Developing WorldBoth the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund expect the world economy to shrink this year for the first time since World War Two. As recently as January, the I.M.F. had predicted growth of one-half percent. But this week its chief, Dominique Strauss-Kahn, said the world has entered what he called “a great recession”.A new World Bank report says the recession may hurt the developing world the most. Those countries depend on trade for economic growth. But world trade is expected to fall at the fastest rate in eighty years.East Asia has been hardest hit. In February, exports from China fell twenty-six percent from a year ago.Rich nations are expected to borrow heavily in world credit markets to finance spending at home. But investors are demanding very high returns if they are willing to lend to the developing world at all. Jeff Chelsky, a World Bank senior economist, says investors are avoiding higher risk debt in a flight to quality.The bank estimates that up to three trillion dollars of public and private loans in developing countries must be repaid this year. Some nations have enough foreign currency reserves, but others will struggle to find new financing to pay their existing debts.The World Bank estimates that developing nations will need between two hundred seventy and seven hundred billion dollars in financing. The amount depends on the depth of the recession.The I.M.F. is seeking to expand its lending ability. And World Bank President Robert Zoellick has called on rich nations to put some of their economic recovery spending into a crisis fund to help poor countries.Bank economist Jeff Chelsky says the poorest countries are in the greatest danger. They cannot borrow in credit markets and they depend on exports of commodities like crops or minerals. But falling commodity prices mean they now depend more than ever on foreign aid.Finance ministers and central bankers from major industrial and developing countries meet this weekend outside London to discuss the financial crisis. President Obama wants all countries in the Group of Twenty to coordinate their separate efforts to strengthen their economies.There was some good news this week, including better-than-expected reports on spending by Americans in January and February. And financial stocks rose after Citigroup reported a profit for those two months.And that's the VOA Special English Economics Report, written by Mario Ritter. I'm Steve Ember.1. According to the passage, the world economy will _______ for the first timethis year since the World War Two.A. developB. growC. expandD. become smaller2. _______may be hurt the most by the recession.A. the developing worldB. the developed countriesC. the rich countriesD. Asian countries3. Who are easier to borrow money in the world credit market?A. Rich nationsB. Poor countriesC. the World BankD. the International Monetary Fund4. What does the underlined “flight”mean in the fourth paragraph?A. travelB. flyingC. escapeD. movement through the air5.___________ has called on rich nations to help poor countries.A. President ObamaB. President Robert ZoellickC. Jeff ChelskyD. the International Monetary FundPassage 2A Rough Road for ToyotaToyota became the world's largest automaker in two thousand eight. But after years of building loyalty, the Japanese company may have put its quality brand name at risk, at least temporarily.Toyota is recalling millions of cars and trucks around the world because of cases where vehicles have sped up unexpectedly. Last August, a driver in California was unable to stop. The crash killed him and three of his family members.Toyota says the problem is rare and caused by accelerator pedals becoming stuck open. On January twenty-sixth, the company suspended sales of eight of its top-selling vehicles in the United States, its largest market. Toyota dealers have been receiving parts to make repairs.General Motors and Ford both reported increased sales in January. But Toyota sales in the United States have fallen, and so has its stock price. Toyota says it expects costs and lost sales from its recent safety recalls to total two billion dollars by the end of March.Louis Lataif spent twenty-seven years in the car industry at Ford. Now he is dean of the School of Management at Boston University.LOUIS LATAIF: “It’s Toyota’s biggest such recall. It’s voluntary incidentally, it’s not mandated. So, in that respect, they are doing something fairly bold, namely, taking the hit of shutting production and correcting the vehicles that are in inventory on which they have stopped sales.”A recall late last year involved floor mats that Toyota said could cause the accelerator to get stuck. One of the vehicles in the floor mat recall was the Prius, the world’s top selling hybrid.Now American officials are investigating the brake system on the twenty ten Prius. The Transportation Department says it has received more than one hundred twenty reports, including reports of four crashes.Toyota says it found a software problem that could briefly affect the “feel” of the anti-lock brakes on rough or slippery roads. It says it fixed the brake problem last month.But a growing number of legal cases claim Toyota knew for a long time about the sudden acceleration issue with other vehicles. The problem reportedly has led to more than eight hundred crashes and nineteen deaths in the past ten years. Congress is preparing for hearings.Greg Bonner is a marketing professor at Villanova University. He says to regain trust, Toyota will have to make public everything it knows about the problems and show it accepts responsibility.The recall has also intensified questions about all the computer control systems used in modern cars.6. Toyota may have put its quality brand name at risk because__________.A. vehicles have sped up unexpectedlyB. last August, a driver in California was unable to stop.C. Toyota is recalling millions of cars and trucks around the worldD. All of the above.7. Which of the following ways is not one Toyota solves its problem about accelerator pedals?A. Toyota stopped sales of eight of its top-selling vehicles in the UnitedStatesB. Toyota is recalling millions of cars and trucks around the worldC. Toyota increased salesD. Toyota dealers have been receiving parts to make repairs.8. Whose sales decreased in January?A. General MotorsB. FordC. General Motors and FordD. Toyota9. From what Louis Lataif said about Toyota, we can infer that _________.A. Toyota didn’t solve its problem positively.B. Louis Lataif didn’t think that Toyota solved its problem properly.C. Louis Lataif thought highly of Toyota’s way of solving its problem.D. Toyota couldn’t solve its problem.10. The underlined word in the last paragraph “intensify” means ________.A. increase in degreeB. decrease in degreeC. make the questions more tenseD. become more intensePassage 3Stock Sectors - How to Classify StocksOne of the ways investors classify stocks is by type of business. The idea is to put companies in similar industries together for comparison purposes. Most analysts and financial media call these groupings “sectors” and you will often read or hear about how certain sector stocks are doing.One of the most common classification breaks the market into 11 different sectors. Investors consider two of these sectors “defensive” and the remaining nine “cyclical.” Let’s look at these two categories and see what they mean for the individual investor.DefensiveDefensive stocks include utilities and consumer staples. These companies usually don’t suffer as much in a market downturn because people don’t stop using energy or eating. They provide a balance to portfolios and offer protection in a falling market.However, for all their safety, defensive stocks usually fail to climb with a rising market for the opposite reasons they provide protection in a falling market: people don’t use significantly more energy or eat more food.Defensive stocks do exactly what their name implies, assuming they are well run companies. They give you a cushion for a soft landing in a falling market.Cyclical stocksCyclical stocks, on the other hand, cover everything else and tend to react to a variety of market conditions that can send them up or down, however when one sector is going up another may be going down.Here is a list of the nine sectors considered cyclical:∙Basic Materials∙Capital Goods∙Communications∙Consumer Cyclical∙Energy∙Financial∙Health Care∙Technology∙TransportationMost of these sectors are self-explanatory. They all involve businesses you can readily identify. Investors call them cyclical because they tend to move up and down in relation to businesses cycles or other influences.Basic materials, for example, include those items used in making other goods – lumber, for instance. When the housing market is active, the stock of lumber companies will tend to rise. However, high interest rates might put a damper on home building and reduce the demand for lumber.How to UseStocks sectors are helpful sorting and comparison tools. Don’t get hung up on using just one organization’s set of sectors, though. uses slightly different sectors in its tools, which let you compare stocks within a sector.This is extremely helpful, since one of the ways to use sector information is to compare how your stock or a stock you may want to buy, is doing relative to other companies in the same sector.If all the other stocks are up 11% and your stock is down 8%, you need to find out why. Likewise, if the numbers are reversed, you need to know why your stock is doing so much better than others in the same sector –maybe its business model has changed and it shouldn’t be in that sector any longer.ConclusionYou never want to be making investment decisions in a vacuum. Using sector information, you can see how a stock is doing relative to its peers and that will help you understand whether you have a potential winner or loser.11. According to this passage, an investor should buy _____________in a falling market.A. cyclical stocksB. defensive stocksC. technology stocksD. transportation stocks12. According to this passage, an investor should buy _____________in a rising market.A. cyclical stocksB. defensive stocksC. stocks of utilitiesD. stocks of consumer staples13. ______________sectors belong to cyclical stocks.A. 11B.2C.9D.314. Utilities and consumer staples belong to _______________.A. cyclical stocksB. defensive stocksC. technology stocksD. transportation stocks15. ___________tend to move up and down in relation to businesses cycles or other influences.A. cyclical stocksB. defensive stocksC. stocks of utilitiesD. stocks of consumer staplesPassage 1America's biggest carmaker accepted fifty billion dollars in federal aid from the Obama and Bush administrations. People joked that GM meant "Government Motors." Now, General Motors could be on the road to recovery.The company recorded over two and a half billion dollars in profit in the first half of the year. The government still owns sixty-one percent of GM as a result of the bailout. Canada is also a shareholder. But now GM plans to sell stock to the public again.GM spent just forty days in bankruptcy. It sought protection from its creditors in June of last year. GM restructured. It discontinued some vehicles and closed dealerships and factories.In April, GM repaid almost seven billion dollars in government loans. Many of its creditors are waiting to see how much they get.GM plans an IPO, an initial public offering of stock, later this year. The company could raise as much as fifteen billion dollars.Chief executive Edward Whitacre is leaving September first. He wants the government to sell all of its shares in the company during the IPO. Many experts believe the Treasury will act slowly over time after the public offering is completed.If the stock price rises, the government could profit from the rescue. But the IPO is risky for the company. The offering will test the willingness of investors to take an equity share in the “new GM”.Buying equity is not like buying bonds. Bonds represent a loan. Equity represents ownership. Investors willing to buy equity shares in a company expect one thing -- growth.GM believes it can make that happen, in part with a new electric-and-gas hybrid.COMMERCIA L: “Chevy Volt, a car that can go up to forty miles before it uses any gas at all. That's an American revolution.”The Volt is expected to start arriving in showrooms later this year.GM is also looking overseas. The world's fastest growing car markets are in developing nations. GM is now selling more cars in China than in the United States. GM still leads the American market, though Toyota is now the biggest car company in the world.There are signs that America's big three may have put the worst of their recent troubles behind them.Chrysler also went through bankruptcy and says its sales are up. Italy's Fiat holds a twenty percent share.Ford Motor Company avoided bankruptcy and refused government help. Ford reported close to five billion dollars in profit for the first six months of the year.1. America’s biggest carmaker is _________________.A. ToyotaB. ChryslerC. GMD. Ford Motor Company2. GM stands for __________.A. Government MotorsB. General MotorsC. Both A and BD. Neither A Nor B3. People joked that GM meant “Government Motors” because _____________.A. The government still owns sixty-one percent of GM as a result of the bailout.B. They accepted fifty billion dollars in federal aid from the Obama and Bushadministrations.C. Both A and BD. Neither A Nor B4. Now, General Motors could be on the road to recovery. It plans ___________.A. to restructure.B. an IPO, an initial public offering of stock, later this yearC. to seek protection from its creditors.D. to discontinue some vehicles and closed dealerships and factories.5. According to the passage, what is not true about Chevy Volt?A. GM believes it will bring profit growth.B. It is a new electric-and-gas hybrid.C. It is a car that can go up to forty miles before it uses any gas at all.D. It has been produced.Passage 2The digital revolution, as exemplified by the Internet and electronic commerce, has shaken marketing practices to their core. In a recen t paper, Wharton’s Jerry Wind, director of the SEI Center for Advanced Studies in Management, and co-authorVijay Mahajan, a marketing professor at the College of Business Administration of the University of Texas at Austin, examine the impact of digital marketing on concepts like pricing, when customers can propose their own prices (), or buyers and sellers can haggle independently in auctions ().The paper provides an overview of some of the emerging realities and new rules of marketing in a digital world, and outlines what the new discipline of marketing may look like in the early part of the new century.To begin with, say the authors, the rapid-fire growth of the Internet is helping to drive changes. “It is not just our comp uters that are being reprogrammed; it is customers themselves,” says Wind. “These emerging cyber consumers are like an alien race that has landed in the midst of our markets. They have different expectations and different relationships with companies from which they purchase products and services.”For one thing, cyber consumers expect to be able to customize everything —from the products and services they buy and the information they seek, to the price they are willing to pay. And with digital technology opening new channels for gaining information, they are more knowledgeable and demanding than previous consumers. Digital customers can also sort products based on any desired attribute, price, nutritional value, or functionality, and they can easily obtain third-party endorsements and evaluations, tapping the experience of other users. “Companies that cannot meet their demands and expectations will be at a loss,” says Wind.Questions:6. The passage was most likely to be quoted from______.A.an overview of a paperB.an introduction to a bookC. a book on digital revolutionD. a paper discussing digital revolution7. The paper mentioned in this paper was written by______.A.Jerry WindB.Vijay MahajanC.Jerry Wind and Vijay MahajanD.an anonymous8. From the third paragraph, we can infer that______.A.the customers are also reprogrammed by computersB.e-business companies need be more knowledgeable about cyber consumersC.cyber consumers are a group of strange peopleD.cyber consumers came from outer space9. Compared with traditional customers, the emerging cyber consumers______.A.are more difficult to satisfyB.have less knowledge about businessC.have more problems with pricesD.are less willing to buy products and services10. What is mainly discussed in the passage? ______A.digital revolutionB.digital marketingC.cyber consumersD.the impact of digital marketing on concepts like pricingPassage 3Greece, economically, is in the black. With very little to export other than such farm products as tobacco, cotton and fruit, the country earns enough from ‘invisible earnings’ to pay for its needed, growing imports. From the sending out of things the Greeks, earn only $285 million; from tourism, shipping and the remittances of Greeks abroad, the country takes in an additional #375 million and this washes out the almost $400 million by which imports exceed exports.It has a balanced budget. Although more than one drachma out of four goes for defense, the government ended a recent year with a slight surplus -- $66 million. Greece has a decent reserve of almost a third of a billion dollars in gold and foreign exchange. It has a government not dependent on coalescing incompatible parties toobtain parliamentary majorities.In thus summarizing a few happy highlights, I don’t mean to minimize the vast extent of Greece’s problems. It is the poorest country by a wide margin in Free Europe, and poverty is widespread. At best an annual income of $60 to $70 is the lot of many a peasant, and substantial unemployment plagues the countryside, cities, and towns of Greece. There are few natural resources on which to build any substantial industrial base. Some years ago I wrote here:“Greek statesmanship will have to create an atmosphere in which home and foreign savings will willingly seek investment opportunities in the back ward economy of Greece. So far, most American and other foreign attempt have bogged down in the Greek government’s red tape and shrewdness about small points.”Great strides have been made. As far back as 1956, expanding tourism seemed a logical way to bring needed foreign currencies and additional jobs to Greece. At that time I talked with the Hilton Hotel people, who had been examining hotel possibilities, and to the Greek government division responsible for this area of the economy. They were hopelessly deadlocked in almost total differences of opinion and outlook.Today most of the incredibly varied, beautiful, historical sights of Greece have new, if in many cases modest, tourist facilities. Tourism itself has jumped from approximately $31 million to over $90 million. There is both a magnificent new Hilton Hotel in Athens and a completely modernized, greatly expanded Grande Bretagne, as well as other first-rate new hotels. And the advent of jets has made Athens as accessible as Paris or Rome –without the sky-high prices of traffic-choked streets of either.Questions:11. The title below that best expresses the ideas of this passage is_________.A. Greek income and expendituresB. The improving economic situation in GreeceC. The value of tourismD. Military expenditures12. Many peasants earn less than _________.A. $60 a weekB. $2 a weekC. $1 a dayD. $10 a month13. The Greek Government spends __________.A. more than 25%of its budget on military termsB. More than its collectsC. A third of a billion dollars in goldD. Less than 25% of its budget on military terms14. According to the passage, Greece has _________.A. a dictatorshipB. a monarchyC. a single majority partyD. too much red tape15. Greece imports annually goods and materials __________.A. totaling almost $700 millionB. that balance exportsC. that are paid by touristsD. costing $66 million四、篇章翻译题（课外）Passage A纳斯达克开设北京代表处随着各方吸引迅速增长的中国公司赴海外上市的争夺战愈演愈烈，纳斯达克(Nasdaq)昨日成为最新一个在北京开设代表处的全球证交所。
商务英语阅读 期末复习要点
currency fluctuationCEOprogressive payment customs dutystrike pricecost reductionforeign exchange reserve intelligent logistic network open accountboard of directorsspot exchange rategross weighteconomic meltdown capital flowprimary market severance payenergy intensivebonusreserve requirements collateralinterest rate liberalization fiscal policecorporate governance turnovershareholder general meeting time depositequity ownershipbulk commoditytax cutsgovernment spending年度预算保税仓线上支付系统预付公募私募证券市场世界贸易组织回报率绩效评估招募人员本国货币公司高管资本流失汇率波动首席执行官按施工进度分批付款关税成交价压缩成本外汇储备智能物流网络赊销董事会即期汇率毛重经济衰退现金流一级市场遣散费能源密集型奖金存款准备金要求抵押利率自由化财政政策公司治理营业额股东大会定期存款股权所有散装货税收降低政府支出annual budget bounded warehouseon- line payment system payment in advance public placement private placement securities marketWTOrate of return performance appraisal recruitmentdomestic currency company senior manager capital flight基本利率公开市场操作实体经济金融市场光票托收养老金抵押贷款货币投机贴现率贬值恶性通膨基本工资贸易区域流通票据提单银行信用prime lending rate open market operations entity economy financial market clean collection pensionmortgage loan currency speculation discount rate depreciation hyperinflationbase paytrade block negotiable instrument bill of ladingbank credit1.The importer should have the knowledge that the exchange control authorities in his country will permit advance payment to be made.进口人应该知道本国外汇管制当局准许使用提前支付的形式支付货款。
商务英语期末复习资料
商务英语期末复习资料Part I Translate the following English words into Chinese.1. bill of exchange 2. sight draft 3. irrevocable L/C 4. penalty 5. money of payment 6. usance L/C 7. money of account 8. promissory note 9. commercial draft 10. advising bank 11. Force Majeure 12. combined transport document Part II . Translate the following Chinese words into English1. 佣金佣金2. 单价单价3. 承兑承兑4. 贴现贴现5. 受益人受益人6. 独立代理独立代理7. 支票支票 8. 进口许可证进口许可证 9. 背书 10. 补偿贸易 11. 折扣折扣 12. 示票 13. 跟单托收 14. 经销经销 15. 索赔索赔16. 商业发票 17. 保险凭证保险凭证 18. 汇率汇率19．检验证书．检验证书 20. 保兑保兑Part III Write down the full name of the following abbreviations and the translations.1. D/P2. M/T3. CIF4. D/A5. T/T6. B/LPart IV Decide whether the following statements are true or false by writing “T” for true and “F” for false in the bracket besides each statement.1. International trade is only the exchange of goods between nations. 2. The distributor gains profits from the price difference at which he buys and resells the goods. 3. In reality, the quantity of goods shipped must be exactly the same with that stipulated in the contract. 4. Partial shipment means that the goods under one contract are shipped in different terms or by different lots. 5. A unit price consists of four parts: currency unit, unit price figure, measuring unit and price terms. 6. The buyer will inform the seller the opening of L/C and pass the L/C to the seller. 7. In counterpurchase, the value of countertrade goods has to equal that of the export. 8. Whether sale by buyer ’s sample or by seller ’s sample, the quality of the commodities should be strictly same as sample. Otherwise, it should be stipulated in the contract clearly. 9. Transshipment may increase the cost of shipment and the possibility of delay in delivery of commodities. 10. In international trade, if All Risks was covered, any loss caused by any reason on the way can be compensated by insurance company. 11. Under the the term term term of of of D/A, D/A, D/A, it it it is is the the bank bank bank in exporter in exporter ’s s country country country who who who makes makes makes acceptance acceptance acceptance to to to the the the draft draft draft and delivers and delivers documents to the importer. 12. Landed quality and weight means that the inspection carried out at the port of destination will be final. 13. When EXW or DDP is used, the commodity is generally inspected in the exporting country. 14. “USD200 per M/T CIFC2 London ” means that the seller will receive 200 US dollars for per metric ton. Part V Fill in the blanks with the best choice.1. Who has the exclusive right of selling the goods in a marketing area at the price he fixes? ___. a. Consignor b. Exclusive distributor c. Exclusive agent d. Bidder 2. When the seller only pays freight for the goods up to arrival at the port of destination, the term is _____. a. FOB b. CFR c. DDU d. CIF 3. Partial shipment may be necessary when ____. a. direct liners are not available b. the amount of the cargo is very small c. the shipping date is very close d. the export covers a large amount of goods 4. The goods concluded on the CIF basis have been burnt because of the fire after being loaded, then ____. a. the loss is due to the seller b. the seller asks the insurance company for compensation c. the buyer asks the insurance company for compensation d. the loss is due to the party who pays the freight 5. In the following terms of settlement, which is the most risky one for the seller? ____. a. T/T in advance b. D/A c. D/P at sight d. D/P after sight 6. 6. When When When ____ ____ ____ happens, happens, happens, the the the party party party that that that fails fails fails to to to perform perform perform the the the contract contract contract is is is allowed allowed allowed to to to relieve relieve relieve liabilities liabilities liabilities of of of the the non-performance. a. war b. world market price goes up c. manufacture fault d. currency devaluation 7. Which is NOT the example of trade barriers? _____. a. Tariffs b. Quotas c. Import duties d. Income tax 8. In international trade, the seller ships the goods to the buyer when there is no purchase made. The seller retains title to the goods until the buyer has sold them. This is ___. a. bidding b. agency c. consignment d. distributor 9. Which stipulation of the date of shipment is often used in a contract? ____. a. One day b. Within several days after the L/C has been received c. Prompt shipment d. Concrete shipment time 10. Particular additional coverage of CIC ____. a. can be covered alone b. can’t be covered alone c. can be covered alone when more than two of them are covered d. can be covered alone when only one of the insured applies for insurance 11. Which one of the following quotations is wrong? a. FOB QINGDAO USD10.00/PC b. CIF LIVERPOOL GBP125.00/MT c. FOB SHANGHAI $15.25/PC d. FOB JINAN USD2.00/KG 12. Under CIF, freight on the B/L is marked as ____. a. Freight Prepaid b. Freight Collect c. Freight Pre-payable d. Freight Unpaid 13. Based on whether the goods are loaded or not, the B/L can be classified into ____. a. clean B/L and unclean B/L b. direct B/L and transshipment B/L c. straight B/L and order B/L d. on board B/L and received for shipment B/L 14. A company exports 50 tons of wheat, the seller delivers the extra 2 tons, then the buyer should ____. a. accept 52 tons b. refuse to take 52 tons c. accept extra 1 ton d. refuse to accept extra 2 tons Part Part VI VI . Translate Translate the the the following following following English English English sentences sentences sentences into into into Chinese Chinese Chinese or or or Chinese Chinese Chinese sentences sentences sentences into into English 1. FOB means that the seller delivers when the goods pass the ship ’s rail nominated by the buyer at the named port of shipment. 2. Total amount, as its name suggests, is the sum of the money for one business transaction. It equals to the unit price multiplied by the quantity of the goods. 3. Generally speaking, the L/C should arrive to the seller at least 15 days before the time of shipment to allow sufficient time to check and amend, if necessary, the L/C and to arrange shipment. 4. Under an FOB, CFR or CIF contract, port of shipment is usually proposed by the exporter and is stipulated in 1. 汇票汇票 2. 即期汇票即期汇票3. 不可撤销信用证不可撤销信用证 4. 罚金罚金5. 支付货币支付货币 6. 远期信用证远期信用证7. 计价货币计价货币 8. 本票本票9. 商业汇票商业汇票 10. 通知行通知行不可抗力不可抗力 12. 多式联运单据多式联运单据commission unit price accept/acceptance discount beneficiary factor check import license 9. endorse/endorsement 10. compensation trade 11. discount/allowance presentation documentary collection distribution 15. claim 16. commercial invoice insurance certificate 18. exchange rate 19. inspection certificate 20. confirm/confirmation Part V Fill in the blanks with the best choice.（每小题2分，共20分）1—5 b b d c b 6—10 a d c b b 11—14 c a d a Part VI . Translate the following English sentences into Chinese or Chinese sentences into English （英译中每小题2分，中译英每小题3分，共25分）1. FOB 是指货物越过指定装运港买方指派的船只的船舷时，卖方就完成了交货义务。
BEC剑桥商务英语期末复习资料
Unit11.electric 激动的，刺激的2.throw/cast new light on…提供线索、情况，帮助弄清楚4.赠票Complimentary ticket5.交易会将延期一周左右开幕。
The trade fair will be put back a week or so.请尽快回复我的电话。
Please get back to me asap.6.sole: being the only one; only 唯一的eg: Practice is the sole criterion of truth.Unit21.sole: being the only one; only 唯一的eg: Practice is the sole criterion of truth.2.alike: in the same or a similar manner adj/adv相似的/一样地eg: They are much alike in character.3.evolve/evolution: develop gradually逐步发展evolve into:发展成；evolve from:由...进化/发展eg: It evolved into a big company.Popular music evolved from folk songs.4.interior design: indoor design and decoration室内装修5.dine: give dinner to; host for dinner 进餐，宴请6.semi-private 半私人的/半私有的7.mezzanine：intermediate floor just above the ground floor中间层/夹楼8.catering requipment: requirement of providing food and services用餐要求cater for: to provide food, services, etc 供9.spare:save or relieve from an experience or action节省，省去10.chit-chat: informal chat/conversationUnit31．Inflow: all the money coming into the company2．Outflow: all the money going out of the company3．over-tradingto figure out a quicker way ofturning those sales into cashmarginsTurnoverTo finance贸易透支找到销售变现(把销售额变成现金)的快捷方法利差,毛利营业额融资，筹措.return 赢利，利益，汇报，报告business returns营业收入annual returns年度报告small profits and quick returns薄力多销publicity宣传，宣扬；公开；广告；关注；名声bonus points (消费）积分loyalty scheme忠实（顾客）奖励计划brand loyalty顾客对品牌的忠诚air miles=air mails awards里程奖remainder 剩余物a shortage of cash 现金短缺average monthly turnover 平均月营业额financing cost 融资成本cash on delivery 货到付款pay in 3 installments 分期付款（三次）margin 利润order books 订货本penalty 处罚/罚金CF from operating activities经营活动产生的现金流量CF from investing activities投资活动产生的现金流量CF from financing activities筹资活动产生的现金流量Capital expenditure 资本开支Depreciation 折旧(sales) turnover营业额early settlement discount 提前付款折扣labor cost 劳动力成本Credit sales赊帐销售Collection policy/collection period 收款期Tighten credit policy 收紧赊帐Loosen credit policy 放宽赊帐Cash receipt 现金收讫Cash disbursement 现金支出Day-to-day operation 日常营运credit terms 信用期限outstanding 剩余的outstanding balance 剩余金额Sporty 轻便的,运动型的Extra 额外费用Advert 广告，宣传Monthly service contract包月Different tarrifs at different times of the day不同时段的收费One-year all inclusive package包年套餐Kitchen appliances 厨房家电Ozone layer 臭氧层CFC chlorofluorocarbon 含氯氟Make 品牌;型;样式 a well-known makeenvironmental-friendliness user-friendlinessown-label clothingcut-priceretail food market mortgagesavings accountestate agent 对环境无害用户使用方便贴自己品牌的服装削价的食品零售市场(住房)按揭，抵押储蓄帐户房产商bonus pointsloyalty schemebrand loyaltyair miles=air mails awards vouchertarget customer customer-focused （消费）积分忠实（顾客）奖励计划顾客对品牌的忠诚里程奖优惠奖券销售对象，目标客户以顾客为中心的No-claims discount = no-claims bonus无索赔折扣/奖金:An amount subtracted from the money paid to an insurance company, because no claims have been made for a particular period.Within days:don’t need to wait for a very long time 几天内Fixed rate固定利率Reward points 奖励积分Cover 给...上保险。
国家开放大学《商务英语》期末考试复习题及参考答案
国家开发大学商务英语4形考答案第一单元一、选择填空题（每题10分，共5题）—__________________?— Sure, no problem. First, go see Cindy and tell her where you're going and when.选择一项：C. Can you fill me in—Hey Kyle, guess what! The boss is sending me to Europe for a marketing seminar next month.—__________________You've been itching to go on a business trip for months.选择一项：A. I am sorry to hear that.B. Great! You must be happy.C. So what?If you are intending ____________ just one Schengen country, you will need to apply for the Schengen visa directly with the embassy or consulate of that particular country.选择一项：A. to visitB. visitingC. visitedCan you fill me ____________ ? I need some detailed information.选择一项：A. inB. upC. out题目5题干Traveller's checks are generally ____________ small face value.选择一项：A. atB. onC. of— How would you like to go?—__________________.选择一项：A. I'll get in touch with the railroadB. I'd like to fly to Frankfurt for a stay of two daysC. I expect to depart for Frankfurt on Sunday, September 1st—__________________?— Yes, business class.选择一项：A. Will you fly business classB. When do you plan to leaveC. Where shall I make hotel reservationPlease ____________ an open return flight from Barcelona to Frankfurt.选择一项：A. paperB. textC. bookTravellers, when ____________ the checks, have to sign the checks in the presence of the bank or service clerks.选择一项：A. buyB. buyingC. to buyWe used to ____________ cash advances.选择一项：A. hadB. havingC. have标记题目题干____________ behalf of Vancouver C&S Int'l Trade Corp., I am pleased to invite you and your colleagues to visit us.选择一项：A. ForB. OnC. InYou can download and print off the ____________ online.选择一项：A. fromB. formC. formalMany of the banks and travel services in the western countries provideconvenience for the travellers by issuing traveller's ____________.选择一项：A. checksB. cashC. credit cards完形填空：选择正确答案，补全文章（每题10分）。
商务英语本科期末考试重点复习资料
商务英语本科期末考试重点复习资料Unit 11、tariff n. 关税，关税表，关税率A tax on imported items, computed as a percentage of the import value;China imposes tariffs on automobiles, electronic equipment, cosmetics, etc;2、equilibrium n. 平衡，均衡【同balance】(Economics)a situation in which supply and demand are matched and prices stable.一般均衡general Equilibrium局部均衡partial Equilibrium国际收支平衡Equilibrium in the balance of payments3、futures n. 期货【commodity futures 商品期货】goods and stocks sold for future deliveryA contract to buy or sell a specified amount of a commodity or financial instrument at an agreed price at a set date in the future.4、The reasons for international trade:The uneven distribution of natural resourcesInternational specializationDifferent Patterns of demand among nationsEconomies of scaleInnovation or variety of style5、OPEC=Organization of (the) Petroleum Exporting Countries 石油输出国家组织IBA=Independent Broadcasting Authority 英国独立广播机构phosphate cartel（磷酸盐同业联盟）;tin cartel（锡同业联盟）Commodity Cartels 商品联盟6、tangible adj. 可触知的，有形的【反intangible】7、portfolio n. 有价证券财产目录The group of assets, such as stocks, bonds, mutual held by an investor.Portfolio investment证券投资8、licensing agreements许可证协议contract giving someone the legal right to use a patent or trademark franchise agreements特许经销协议9、FDI=Foreign direct investment 外国直接投资ownership of asset abroad and can take the form of either direct or portfolio investment.ME=Multinational Enterprises 跨国公司（MNC=MultiNational Corporation 跨国公司）? A firm that owns business operations in more than one country10、Question: comparative advantage refers to the advantages based on the comparison between countries?Unit 21、access n. 接近；通路the means or opportunity to approach or enter a placeMarket access（市场准入）for goods in the WTO means the conditions, tariffand non-tariff measures, agreed by members for the entry of specific goodsinto their markets.2、Validity n. 有效；合法性The term of validity 有效期间3、carrier n. 搬运人；从事运输业的人（或）公司An organization that transports products or services using its facilities;4、Underwriter n. 担保人；保险商A company assumes the cost risk of death, illness, fire, theft, etc., in exchange for payments;5、Arbitration n. 控诉；打官司An informal hearing regarding a dispute6、Certificate n. 证明书、执照、单据Certificate of deposit;CPA (certificated public accountant注册会计师)7、Invoice n. 发票A detailed list of goods shipped or services rendered, with an account of all costs; an itemized bill.8、Insurance policy保险单Certificate of origin产地证书Inspection certificate检验证Packing list包装单9、FAS=Free Alongside Ship 装运港船边交货10、Incoterm 2000=international commercial terms 2000年国际贸易术语解释通则11、FOB=Free on Board 装运港船上交货FOB HK12、L/C=Letter of Credit 信用证L/C is a commitment, usually by a bank on behalf of client, to pay a beneficiarya stated amount of money under specified conditions. 信用证是银行作出的有条件的付款承诺，即银行根据开证申请人的请求和指示，向受益人开具的有一定金额，并在一定时期内凭规定的单据承诺付款的书面文件。
商务英语期末复习
商务英语简答题6*6’=36’翻译短语20*1’=20’翻译句子英翻中6*4’=24’翻译文章英翻中20’一、简答题Unit11.How many forms of privately owned business are mentioned in the text? What are they?There are three forms of privately owned business. These are sole proprietorship, partnership and corporation.2. Could you give the definitions of the sole proprietorship, partnership and corporation.?A sole proprietorship is a form of private business of one person to carry on a business for profit.Partnership is an association of two or more persons to carry on a business for profit.The corporation is an institution established for the purpose of making a profit. It is operated by individuals, whose shares of ownership are represented by stock certificates. Persons owning stock certificates are stockholders.4. When is partnership better than sole proprietorship?Partnerships are better the sole proprietorships if one needs many sources of capital or diversified management.5. What are the disadvantages of partnership?There are a number of disadvantages to partnerships. One is unlimited liability. Another disadvantage is that partners may disagree with each other. Problems can also arise with the death of a partner.6. What advantages does corporation have?The corporation form of ownership has several advantages. The first is its ability to attract financial resources.A second advantage is that if the corporation attracts a large account of capital, it can make large investments in plants, equipments and research. A third advantage is that a corporation can offer high salaries and thus attract talented managers.Unit22. What has made Coke so popular around the world?Promotion from early years to present day has made Coke the world’s most popular soft drink. Such as Coke introduced the six-bottle carton so consumers could easily carry home the beverage, set up bottling plants close to military camps during the World War 11 and so on..Unit31.What is the greatest transformation in business practice today?The greatest transformation in business practice today is the emergence of the Internet and theWorld-Wide-Web interface6.What must be done first to start a successful e-business?The first thing is to identify which of one’s core business processes are most suitable for, or most in need of, conversion to e-business.Unit51.What makes up human resources management?Human resources management consists of all the activities involved in acquiring, maintaining, and developing an organization’s human resources.2.What is human resources planning?Human resources planning is the development of strategies for meeting the firm’s future human resource needs.5.Who is a personnel manager?A personnel manager is generally hired to take over most of the staff responsibilities.Unit62. How does International trade influence resource allocation worldwide?International trade increases the efficiency of resource allocation worldwide.3. How does the international economic environment produce an effect upon a firm?The increased openness to the international economic environment can increase the variability of a firm’s profits and hence increase the risks of a firm’s operations.4. How does international trade affect national economy?The increased openness to the international economic environment can increas e the variability of a nation’s GNP growth rate and hence reduce the stability of a country’s economy.Unit71.How many parts can work of a manager be divided into according to Peter Drucker? What are they?Peter Drucker suggests that the work of a manager can be divided into five parts: planning (setting objectives), organization, integrating (motivating and communicating) ,measuring, and developing people.2.What kinds of activities should be involved during the process of setting objectives?This involves developing strategies, plans and precise tactics, and allocating resources of people and money.3.How does a manager perform his duty of motivation and communication?He should communicate objectives to the people who are responsible. He has to make the people who are responsible for individual jobs from teams. He makes decisions about pay and promotion. As well as organizing and supervising the work of his subordinates, he has to work with people in other area.4.What are the tasks of the top manager in the process of developing people?It is the job of a company’s top managers to consider the needs of future, and to take responsibility for innovation, Top managers also have to manage a business’s relations with customers, suppliers, distributors, bankers, investors, neighbouring communities, public authorities, and so on, as well as deal with any manjor crises which arise.Unit81.What should be considered when the sale manager is making incentive plans?When the sale manager is making incentive plans，he has to keep this in mind that incentives must be geared towards the overall objectives of the marketing plan in terms of turnover and cost. When used , they should be short, sharp and regular, enhancing the overall sales effort, not detracting from it.Unit91.What is the main function of advertising?It is to communicate marketing objectives to selected target audience.2.Through which vehicle does advertising achieve its goal?Through different media vehicles, such as TV, journals, radio, newspapers, etc.Unit103.What does it mean by “float a company”?“Float a company” means issuing shares for the first time.5.How are publicly quoted companies required?They are required to fulfil a large number of requirements, including sending their shareholders an independently-audited report every year.二、翻译词组1.整体目标overall objectives2.竞争环境competitive environment3.按照个人利益进行操作manipulate to their personal benefit4.团队关系team relationship5.对已制定计划的服从submission of itineraries6.信息来源source of information。
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freelance自由职业的[fri:lɑ:ns]Yousellyourworkorservicestoanumberofdifferentcompanies.自由职业你把你的工作或服务卖给许多不同的公司teleworking远程工作；在家办公;Youworkforacompanyfromhomeviaemail,phoneortheInternet电子办公你在家中通过电子邮件、电话或互联网为一家公司工作，job-sharing分担工作制Youdoyourjobforpartoftheweekandanotherpersondoesitfortheotherpart.分担工作你在这周做了你的这份工作的一部分，另一个人做另一部分shiftwork换班工作Youworkduringdifferentpartsoftheday(egnights).轮班工作你在一天中的不同时段工作（如夜班）part-time兼职;半日工作Youonlyworkforsomeottheweek(notfull-time).兼职工作你只工作了一周（不是全职）。
temping打临时工，做临时工作，打零工Youworkfordifferentcompaniesforashorttimewithoutapermanentcontract.临时工作你在不同的公司工作很短的时间没有一个永久的合同。
c onsultancy顾问工作，顾问职位;咨询公司;[knsltnsi:]Youaren’temployedbyacompany,butarepaidtogivespecialistadvice.顾问公司；咨询公司你不是受雇于公司，但支付给专业的意见flextime弹性上班制;Youdon’thavea permanentplaceorofficetoworkat,butyoufindaplacetoworkwhenyouarrive.办公桌轮用你没有一个固定的办公地点，但当你需要办公室可以找到一个办公地点Howtojob-shareWouldn'titbeniceiftheworkingweekfinishedonWednesdayWithajob-share(0)FindtheperfectpartnerFindsomeoneyoulike.'Bepreparedtocommunicateandsharecreditandblame,saysCarolSava ge,themanagingdirectorofFlexecutive,aflexibleworkingconsultancy.creditandblame信用和责任；director主管，主任；flexible灵活的；consultancy顾问工作，顾问职位;咨询公司(1)Openyourmind敞开心胸Bossesshouldconsiderrequestsforflexibleworkingfromemployeeswithchildrenunderrgy.'Savagesays.老板应该考虑从事六岁以下的儿童工作的员工的灵活性要求。
那么包含的利益：“双倍经验、技能、智力和精力。
”（2）Planfordisaster灾难计划Alwaysdiscusstheworst-casescenarios.情境[sinɑriu]WhenMargaretMills,ateacher,lostherjob-sharepartnerbecauseofafamilyillnes s,areturntofull-timeworkseemedinevitable.'Wehadbeenover-optimistic.Ididmanagetofindsomeoneelsewhofittedinwithme,butI wasverylucky.'经常讨论假设最坏的情况。
当米尔斯玛格丽特，一位老师，因为一个家人的疾病失去了她的工作伙伴，回到全职工作似乎是不可避免的“我们一直过于乐观。
我确实找到了一个适合我的人，我很幸运。
”（3）Getorganised有组织性的Planthesystemforhandingworkovercarefullyandplaytoeachother'sdifferentstrengths.theworkloadaccordingtoeachother'sparticularskillsandqualities.仔细制定工作移交制度和发挥个人特长。
根据每个人的特殊技能和素质来委派工作量。
（4）Setyourlimits规定你的极限Managersshouldclarifywhattheyexpectintermsofhours,availabilityandresults,and employeesshouldmanagetheiremployer'sexpectations.SueOsborn,ajob-sharerfor21 years,says,'We'reoftenaskedtodofive-dayweek经理应该说明根据他们所期望的时间，可用性和结果，员工应该能解决他们的雇主的期望。
奥斯本，工作21年来，工作员说，“我们经常被要求每周五天工作日”（5）Putpentopaper把笔放在纸上etc.Everyoneshouldknowwheretheystandfromthebeginning.同意假期的写作安排，产假，退休等，每个人都应该知道他们从一开始就站在哪里。
（6）Don'tfeelguilty不要觉得内疚Donotworkuntil1amathometomakeupfornotbeingintheofficeeveryday在家里不要每天工作到凌晨1点来弥补不在办公室（7）Twobecomeone二合一Clientsmaynotlikehavingtodealwithtwopeopleworkingcloselytogether.AsSavage says:'Ajob-shareshouldbelikeamarriage-onevoice,oneunit.'客户可能不希望面对两人紧密合作。
一份工作的份额应该像一份婚姻：一个声音，一个单位Presenttenses各类现在时态0Evenathome,always set(set)yourselfatimetable.1You need(need)tofindaquietplacetowork,wherethereareno distractions干扰.2Ifyou communicate(communicate)withaclientonthephonetodayratherthanface-to-face, it’sstillimporttodressforworkasnormal.如果你今天与客户电话沟通，而不是面对面，穿正常的工作服依旧重要。
3Nowthatyou haveescape(escape避开)fromtheoffice,you’llstillneedpeace安心andquietathome.Don’tanswerthedoortoneighboursormakesocialcalls.4Onceyou havebeenworking(work)fromhomeforawhile,youmightfeelabitlonely.Itmightbe worthgoingintotheofficeonceortwiceaweek.5Afteryou havebeen(be)atthecomputerforafewhours,remembertotakeabreak–whynotleav ethehouseandgoforawalkoutside6Bestrong.Whenafriendcallsandasksyououttolunch,saywhatyouwouldsayinanyotherjob:’SorrybutI amworking(work)onsomethingatthemoment.Howaboutafterfiveinstead7Makesurecolleaguesandclientscanreach联系到youand answer(answer)thephoneasthoughyouareintheoffice.Life’sallaboutmakingconnections建立人脉Toyou,networking人际网mightmean(1)attending aconferenceortradefair商品交易会eventtomeetnewclientorpartners.Oritcouldbethecoffeebreakatworkwhereyoushare(2)i deas withcolleaguesinotherdepartments部门.Butnowadaysnetworkinghasbecomeaneventinitself.Forexample,PricewaterhouseCoopers普华永道会计师事务所offeritsfemalestaff职员的aformalnetworking(3)group calledPwCwomen.With900members,itorganises组织events 事件forthegroup,saysthatshegotinvolved(5)in涉及networkingbecause ‘I’dgottoareasonably合理的seniorlevel高级水平andIwantedtohelpotherpeopletomaximise发挥theirpotential潜能.’Youdon’thavetobeseniorto(6)run anetworkthough.VickyWoodandSallyHopkinshadthei deafortheCityGirlsNetworkwhentheyfirstmovedintoLondon’scorporate公司的worldandwonderedhowtogetto(7)know otherwomen.‘Wecouldn’tfindanythingforpeoplewithnoexperience.Sowethoughtwe’dstartourown.’Fromtwelvefriendsmeetingregularly经常,itrapidly迅速地grewto250membersfrommanydifferentorganisations.It’sagreatwayto(8)make usefulcon tacts联络andbringinpotential潜在的business.FionaClutterbuckisco-chair联合主席ofanetworkforthebankABNAMRO.‘Womentendtothinkofnetworkingas(9)socialising andgi veitlowpriority优先权.’Butgiventhechance,womenwillnetwork–asthebank’slast‘speednetworking’eve ntdemonstrated显示.‘Withover100womenandmen,itwasagreat(10)success.Itisamazinghowmanypeopleyoug ettomeetfromdifferentpartsoftheorganisation组织，机构，团体.’Matchtheexpressionsonthelefttotheresponsesontheright.0.I’dliketointroduceyoutoMark.B.Hello,Marek.Howdo youdo1.Nicetomeetyouatlast.D.Pleasedtomeetyoutoo.2.DoyoutwoknoweachotheralreadyI.Well,we’vespokenonthephoneafewtimes.3.WouldyoulikeacoffeeC.Thanks.4.Sohaveyouenjoyedthismorning J.Yes,itwasveryinteresting.5.Isthisyourfirsttimeatoneoftheseevents A.Yes,itis.Andyou6.MayIjoinyou E.Sure.7.You’reacolleagueofMartinObach,aren’tyouK.That’sright.HeworksinourBarcelona office.8.HowdoyouknowhimL.WewerebothatElcotiltogether.9.HowmanychildrendoyouhaveF.Two.Twins.10.HaveyoualwayslivedinLilleG.Yes,mostofmylife.11.IknowyourcompanyislookingforapartneronthisThaiproject.H.Yes.Isthatsomethingyoumightbeinterestedin…2）Thepast过去时DearSirorMadam,I（0）saw(see)youradvert广告forthepostofClientServicesExecutive总经理inyesterday’snewspaperandIwouldliketoapplyfortheposition职位. Asyoucanseefrommyattached附加的CV简历,I（1）havebeenworking(work)formycurrentcompanyforovertwoyears.I（2）joined(join)MacKintyreandCoin2007andsincethen,I（3）havehad(have)manyopportunitiestodevelopmyskills.However,I（4）havebeenconsidering(consider)acareerchangewithanewchallengeforanumberofmonthsa ndthisseemsliketheperfectmomenttomakethatmove.Iseefromrecent最近的press新闻报道reports报告thatyourcompany（5）hasexpanded(expand扩大)itsoperations经营inChinaandtherefore因此IwouldliketodrawyourattentiontomydegreeinOriental东方StudiesandMandarin北京话whichI（6）completed(complete完成)binedwith结合mycurrentMBA,whichI（7）Pleasealsonotethatmycurrentmanager（8证明andcanbecontacted联络on020********.MBA:Ilookforwardtohearingfromyou.Yoursfaithfully忠实地DanielLewisMemoYouareaseminarorganizer.Youwanttocheckdetailsforaneventnextweekwithyourtwoassis tants.Writeanemailtoyourstaff.Write40-50words. Sywhichroomsyouhavebookedfortheevent. Akthemtoconfirmtheschedulewithsecurity.Eplainthatoneparticipantwillbelate.From:[student'sname]Subject:ConfirmationofseminardetailsDate:XXXXTo:AssistantseminarorganizersPleasenotethatIhavebookedRooms101and102fortheseminarnextweek.I'dbegratefulifyou wouldnowconfirmthisbookingandthefinalschedulefortheeventwithsecurity.Alsonoteth atMrSinghwillbeonehourlateontheMondaymorning. Youareahumanresourcesmanagerforalargemanufacturingfirm.Toofferstaffbetterhealth nsurance,thecompanyhasrecentlychangeditsinsurancecompany.Arepresentativefromthe insurancecompanyisvisitingtopresentthenewpolicy.Inyourmemoyoushould:*saywhathashappened*announcetherepresentative’svisit.*saywhenandwherehispresentationwilltakeplaceTo:AllstaffFrom:HRManagerDate:19MarchSubject:ArepresentationfromthenewinsurancecompanyAsyouareprobablyaware,wehasrecentlychangedourinsurancecompanytoprovideyouwithbetterhealt hinsurance.Therefore,arepresentativefromthenewinsurancecompanyisvisitingus.Pleasenotethathew illgiveapresentationonThursday27Marchat4.30pmintheconferenceroomtooutlinethenewpolicy.Any staffiswelcometoattend.Tagsthatcanendmiseryoflostluggage Globalbagtagwas(0)setup sixyearsagobyhusband-and-wifeteamChris andAlisonTrueloveontheirreturnfromaholidayinAustralia.Thecouple decidedto(1)launch ,whichsellssecuretagswhichtra vellersattachtotheirluggage.Theystartedto(2)charge￡9.95pertaginthefirstyear,followedbya ￡2.95subscription(3)fee forthefollowingyears.Customersactivatet hetagonlinewiththeirhomeaddressonanonlinedatabase.Ifluggageislo st,thepersonwhofindsitcanlogontotheGlobalbagtagwebsiteandreportthemissingitems.MrTruelovesaid:‘Wehaveseenahuge(4)growth inordersastravellers realisetheycannotrelyontheairlinestolookaftertheirbags.Itisactu allyaverysimple(5)concept.’Globalbagtagisnowplanningto(6)branc hout intostickersforitemsincludingmobilephones,MP3players,keysan dlaptops.3）WillandthefutureWill和将来时0I’mjustphoningtoconfirmthatI willbe/am inmyofficebyten.1Don’tworry.IpromisethatI’llcall/‘mcalling youbackstraightawa y.2Inflationprobably won’trise/won’thaverisen abovethreepercentth isyear.3We’llrun/‘rerunning seminarseverydaynextweeksoIcan’ttakeanyt imeoff,I’mafraid.4Afterthat,I’llhave/‘mgoingtohave arestinmyroombeforethisafter noon’ssessionstarts.5Thehotelhasascheduledshuttlebustothetrainingcentre.Ithinkit isg oingtoleave/leaves everyhalfhour,butletmecheckforyou.6Security open/willbeopening thebuildingateighttomorrowinsteadofn ine.7Webeginatnine.Sobythetimehearrivesatninethirty,thefirstsession willhavestarted/willbestarting.8Hesayshe’sgoingtoleave/‘llhaveleft atthreetocatchaflightevent houghheknowsitdoesn’tfinishuntilfour.9I’msureyou’rereceiving/‘llbereceiving somethinginthepostinth enextcoupleofdays,butIcancheckwithmycolleagueifyoulike.Howtodelegate Newmanagersoftenfinditdifficulttodelegatethetaskstheyusedtodo.B utgettingotherstodowhatyoudidsowellisakeytogoodmanagement.1A Tailorworktotheindividual Itshouldbechallengingandmakeuseofthe irspecificskillsthatyoumaynothave.2E Delegatecompletetasks Thisismuchmoresatisfyingforthepersondele gatedtothanbitsandpieces.Ifpeoplefeeltheyhaveownershipofawholem anageableproject,theywillusuallyrisetothechallenge.3C Giveincentives Don’tstartbysaying‘Iknowyou’rereallybusyandd on’thavetimeforthis,but…’Explainwhythejobisimportantandwhyyo uhavechosenthem.Alsoexplainwhattherewardsare—possiblyfinancialorpsychological.4D Definetheexpectationsandobjectives Specifywhatresultsareneeded ,thedeadline,andhowoftentheemployeeshouldupdateyou.5G Avoidmisunderstanding Afteryouhavebriefedtheperson,askthemtoex plainbacktoyouwhatthey’regoingtodotoensuretheinstructionsarecl ear.6F Letgo Don’tcheckuponthem.Makeyourselfavailabletoanswerquestio nsbutallowthemspacetoworkontheirown.7B Bepostive Givelotsofpraise,helpfulfeedbackandconstructivecriti cism.Itboostsconfidenceandsavestimenexttime.Tip1:Keepthetitleofthereportshort.Itonlyneedstotellyourreaderth esubject.Tip2:eheadin gssuchasIntroduction,Findings,Conclusions,Recommendations.Tip3:Statetheaimofthereportintheintroduction.Thiswillincludewhy youhavebeenaskedtowriteitandwhatyouwillhavedonebytheend.Tip4:Inthefindingssectiondescribethefactsandinformation.Avoidgi vingyouropinionatthisstage.Reporton_visitstowebsiteandproposedmarketingstrategy___ Introduction Theaimofthisreportistocommentonthenumberofpeoplevisitingthecomp anywebsiteinthelastthreemonthsandproposeamarketingstrategyforth enextthreemonths.FindingsOverthelastthreemonths,thenumberofvisitorshasincreasedby650.The rearetworeasonsfortheincrease.Firstofall,welaunchedanewsletterforsubscribes.SecondlyinMay,weranacompetitionwhichwasverypopular. Withregardstocosts,bannershavecost3200eurosamonthbutveryfewpeop leseemtovisitthewebsiteasaresultofthese.Ontheotherhand,thenewsletter doesn‘tcostanything(otherthanmytim e)buthashelpedtoincreasethenumberofvisitors. Recommendations InordertoincreasethisnumberIwouldrecommendthatwecontinuewiththe newsletterandrunmorecompetitionsandquizzes.Ialsoproposethatwest opusingbannersandputmoreresourcesintosettinguplinkswithothersit estoincreasethetraffic.YouareamanageratLarBonner.Afterameetingwithstaff,thecompanyhasa greedtoextendparentalleaveforfathersfromtwoweekstothreeweeks.Wr iteamemotoallstaff.Refertothepreviousmeeting. Saywhenthenewsystemwillbegin(25thSeptember). Remindstaffthattheirmanagersneedonemonth’snotice.To:AllStaffFrom:(Nameofstudent)Date:25thJulySubject:ParentalLeaveFurthertoourpreviousmeeting,Iampleasedtoconfirmthatparentalleav eforfathershasbeenextendedtothreeweeks.Thenewsystemwillcomeinto operationasfrom25thSeptember.MayIremindyouthatyourmanagerswillr equireonemonth’snotice。