1998年翻译真题精解

1998年翻译真题精解
1998年翻译真题精解版

71．But even more important, it was the farthest that scientists had been able to look into the past, for what they were seeing were the patterns and structures that existed 15 billion years ago.
结构分析：
本句的主干是：主句It was…that + for引导的原因状语从句。主句是强调句it was…that…被强调的部分the farthest是后面句子的状语，可以理解为scientists had been able to look the farthest into the past。For引导的原因状语从句是一个系表结构，what they were seeing是从句的中的主语，后面that引导的是定语从句，修饰前面的名词the patterns and structures。
核心词汇：
even more important 更为重要的是；the patterns and structures (宇宙云的)形状和结构；15 billion years ago 150亿年前
参考译文：
但更为重要的是，这是科学家们所能观测到的最遥远的过去的景象，因为他们看到的是150亿年前宇宙云的形状和结构。
测试点：强调结构；主语从句；定语从句；词义表达



72．The existence of the giant clouds was virtually required for the Big Bang, first put forward in the 1920s, to maintain its reign as the dominant explanation of the cosmos.
结构分析：
本句的主干结构是一个简单被动句：主语是The existence，谓语部分是was virtually required to。first put forward in the 1920s是过去分词短语作插入语，修饰前面的名词the Big Bang。逗号后面的不定式短语是动词required要求的，做具体补充说明。即动词谓语核心部分是be required to do sth。
核心词汇：
virtually(实际上，几乎) ；put forward(提出) ；in the 1920s(在二十年代)；maintain its reign as (保持作为…的地位)；dominant(占主导地位的)；
参考译文：
巨大宇宙云的存在，实际上使二十年代首创的大爆炸论得以保持其宇宙起源论的主导地位。
测试点：被动语态；插入结构；



73．Astrophysicists working with ground-based detectors at the South Pole and balloon-borne instruments are closing in on such structures, and may report their findings soon.
结构分析：
本句主语是astrophysicists，谓语是两个并列动词are closing in on和may report。分词短语working with ground-based detectors at the South Pole and balloon-borne instruments做主语的后置定语。
核心词汇：
working with 使用，以…为工作手段；ground-based detectors 陆基探测器；the South Pole 南极；balloon-borne instruments 球载仪器；are closing in on 正越来越近；structures 云系；findings 观测结果
参考译文：
天体物理学家使用南极陆基探测器及球载仪器，正越来越近地观测这些云系，也许不久会报告他们的观测结果。
测试点：现在分词做后置定语；动词短语

74．If the small hot spots look as expected, that will be a triumph for yet another scientific idea, a refinement of the Big Bang called the inflationary universe theory.
结构分析：
本句是个主从复合句，if引导的是条件句，其中look是谓语动词，逗号后面that开始的内容是主句部分，最后面的a refinement of the Big Bang是前面名词another scientific idea的同位语，过去分词called the inflationary universe theory做后置定语，修饰前面的名词the Big Bang。.
核心词汇：
hot spots(热点)；look as expected是look as they are expected的省略，意思是“看上去和预想的一样”。A refinement of the Big Bang是个特殊的名词结构，A或the+抽象名词+of就相当于这个名词的形容词形式，因此a refinement of相当于形容词refined，再比如the monotony of life相当于the monotonous life。The inflationary universe theory宇宙膨胀理论。
参考译文：
假如那些小热点看上去同预想的一致，那就意味着又一科学观点的胜利，这种观点即一种完美的大爆炸论，也称宇宙膨胀理论。
测试点：条件句翻译；同位语的翻译；特殊名词短语的翻译



75．Odd though it sounds, cosmic inflation is a scientifically plausible consequence of some respected ideas in elementary-particle physics, and many astrophysicists have been convinced for the better part of a decade that it is true.
结构分析：
本句的主干结构是由and连接的并列两个分句，第一个分句是：倒装的让步状语从句+逗号后的主句。Odd though it（it指代后面的名词cosmic inflation） sounds = though it sounds odd，主句后面的主语是cosmic inflation，谓语是is，其后是表语a scientifically plausible consequence，该名词后接了很长的后置定语of some respected ideas in elementary-particle physics，连接词and 后的主语是many astrophysicists，谓语是被动语态 have been convinced，for the better part of a decade that it is true是做时间状语。that it is true是动词convinced的宾语从句。
核心词汇：
cosmic inflation 宇宙膨胀说；scientifically plausible consequence 科学上可信的结论；respected ideas 公认的观点；elementary-particle physics 基本粒子物理学；convinced 被说服，相信；for the better part of a decade 七八年来。
参考译文：
虽然宇宙膨胀理论听起来古怪，但它是基本粒子物理学中一些公认的观点在科学上看来可信的结论。而且许多天体物理学家七八年来一直相信这一结论是正确的。
测试点：倒装结构；句子并列；名词短语；