宾语补足语
定语从句：
定义：在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句。
先行词：被修饰的名词或代词。
引导定语从句的关系词：
关系代词：who, whom, whose, which, that, as
关系副词：when, where, why
定语从句关系词的选用
1．只能用that 不用which 作关系代词的情况
(1)当先行词是all, everything, anything, nothing, much, little,
none, one 等不定代词时(something 除外)。
(2) 当先行词被all, every, no, some, any, little, much 等修饰
(3)当先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。
(4)如果出现两个或两个以上的先行词，并同时兼指人和物
(5) 当先行词被the only, the last, the very, the same 等修饰
6)在以疑问词who, which, what 开头的特殊疑问句中，为
了避免重复只用that。
7)当定语从句为there be 句型时，关系代词只能用that，也
可以省略。
(8)当指人或物的关系代词在定语从句中作表语时，关系代
词只能用that，也可以省略。
2．指物只能用which 不用that 的情况
(1)在非限制性定语从句中。如：
St.Petersburg, which was once called Leningrad, is a very
beautiful city.
圣彼得堡是一座非常美丽的城市，它曾被称作“列宁格勒”。
(2)在介词后面。如：
This is the room in which we lived last year.
这是我们去年住的那个屋子。
3．指人时只能用who 不用that 的情况
先行词为one, ones, those, anyone, he 时。如：
Those who break the law must be punished.
那些违反法律的人必须受到惩罚。
4.“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句
Is this the house in which Shakespeare was born?
He paid the boy $10 for washing ten windows, most of which hadn't been cleaned for at least a year.
In the dark street, there wasn't a single person to whom she
could turn for help.
5.关系代词as 和which 的区别
(1)which 引导的定语从句只能位于主句后，但as 引导的
从句可位于主句前、中、后。如：
David, as you know, is a photographer. 戴维是个摄影师，
你是知道的。(不可用which)
Li Ming is late, as is often the case. 李明迟到了，这事是经常发生的。(不可用which)
(2)as 在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语通常要有be 或别
的系动词，但which 不受此限制。如：
Li Ming was late, which ( ＝and this) made Mr. Zhang very
angry. 李明迟到了，这件事使张先生非常生气。(不可用as)
(3)as 引导的定语从句只表示一个众所周知或意料之中的
事，但which 不受此限制。如：
He married her, which was unexpected. 他和她结婚了，这
是出乎意料的。(不可用as) (4)as 有“正如”之意，而which 则意为“这( 件事，一点)”，可用and this/that/it 来代替
(5)as 多用于固定搭配中：as is often the case(这是常有的
事)，as was expected (不出所料)，as often happens (正如经常发
生的那样)，as is known to all (众所周知)，as has been said before
(如上所述)，as is mentioned above (正如上面所提到的)等。
三、特殊句式
1.as 引导限制性定语从句常用句式
(1)such＋名词＋as... 像?-?-一样的，像?-?-之类的
We have found such materials as are used in their factory.
(2)the same＋名词＋as... 和?-?-同样的
He is not the same man as he was.
2.当先行词是way，意为“方式、方法”，在定语从句中作状语时，引导词可以用that/in which/不填。如：
The way that/in which/不填he explained the sentence to us was not difficult to understand.
定语从句的习题：
1. I?d skipped nearby Guilin,a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River are pictured by artists in so many Chinese paintings.(2015全国Ⅰ)
2.When harvest came around, he was already selling herbs, vegetables and cotton in the market people from the towns met regularly.(2015广东).
3.Maybe you have a habit is driving your family crazy.
(2014全国Ⅰ).
4.The next day, my brother and I went to the beach we watched some people play volleyball.(2014广东).
5.People should not do things will disturb their neighbors unnecessarily.(2014湖南).
6.In the following years ,there were fewer drop-outs and more college graduates in my village,
I am proud of even today.
7. Is that the newspaper for you often write articles?
8.Can you explain to me how to use these idioms about I am not sure?
9.1949 was the year in our country was founded.
10. Do you know the man to I spoke just now?
https://www.360docs.net/doc/154669875.html,st month, part of Southeast Asia was struck by floods from effects the people are still suffering.
12.The man pulled out a gold watch, the hands of were made of small diamonds.
13.The journey around the world took the old sailor nine months, of the sailing time was 226 days.
宾语补足语
有些动词如allow, advise, ask, beg, believe, call, cause, enable, encourage, get, invite, order, teach, tell 等后边常跟动词不定式作宾语补足语。
I invited him to come （come）here.
He was invited (come) here.
The teacher allowed me (finish) my homework on Friday.
在make, let, have等使役动词后；在see, watch, look at, observe, feel, hear, listen to, notice等表示感官的动词后省去动词不定式符号“to”。但如这些词用被动，则带to
That made me (quit)
He was heard (reject) the suggestion.
-ed 做宾补
1.感官动词see, hear, find sb/sth done等
2.使役动词have，get, leave, keep等
He raised his voice to make himself (hear).
We heard the story (tell).
We heard the story (tell) when I came in.
当动词变成被动时
They left the work half (do).
The work was left half (do).
Her bike was found (steal).
-ing做宾补
1.感官动词see, hear, find sb. doing等
2.使役动词have，get, leave, keep, send, won?t have sb doing等
I found the man (lie) on the ground.
Tom kept us (wait) in the wind.
The explosion sent us (run) in all directions.
I won?t have my children (say)dirty words.
当谓语动词变成被动时
The man was found (lie) on the ground.
We were kept (wait) in the wind.
动词不定式复合结构
It?s difficult for you (study)English.
It?s nice of you(help) me.
I feel it right (tell) her the truth.
动名词复合结构
在句中作主语或宾语等由动名词的逻辑主语即物主代词或名词所有格+动名词短语构成
Their (come) to help was a great encouragement to us
She insisted on me/my/her mother(…s) (stay) for lunch
当“have”作“有”解释时，如果后面跟有表达某些感情的名difficulty, trouble, problem,
fun, a hard time等通常使用动名词，实际上这种句型是在动名词前省去了介词in。例如：He has difficulty (in) speaking English?
I still remember the great fun I had (visit) Disneyland.
定语
不定式作定语常表将来，与靠近的名词或代词有逻辑的动宾关系，但其逻辑主语是句子的主语，一般用主动语态。
I have much work (do).
He is always the first (come). I …d like some exciting music to (lis ten) to.
We found the book difficult (understand).
状语
不定式做状语大多表目的，放后面时不用逗号隔开；有时表出乎意料的结果，一般有逗号。
The children all turned (look) at the famous actress as she entered the classroom. Schools across China are expected to hire 50,000 college graduates this year as short-term teachers, almost three times the number hired last year, _ __ (help) reduce unemployment pressures.
He woke up （only）(see)he was in hospital.
分词及分词短语作状语可表示时间，原因，条件，结果，让步，方式或伴随情况。分词（短语）可以放在句首也可放在句末，通常用逗号与句子其他部分隔开。分词前可带“when, while, as, once, until, if ”等连接词。例如：
（While）(walk)along the street, we found a purse (lie) on the ground.
The teacher entered the classroom, (follow)by his students.
(receive) an answer, I wrote again.
(test), this new-type oil pump can?t be put into production.
常用过去分词形式作定语，补语，状语的动词：
Seated, dressed, lost, gone, hidden, exposed, devoted, absorbed, caught, stuck等，但如果这些词后有宾语则用主动，如
______(lose) his way in the forest, he burst into tears.
______ (lose) in the forest, he burst into tears.
I saw a girl ______ (expose)to the rain.
I saw a girl ______ (expose) herself to the rain.
常用主动的
感官动词（look，smell, taste等），sell，hang, measure
1. ________(finish)his homework , he went out to play.
2.______ (complete) the project in time, the staff were working at weekends.
3._____ (be) a winner, you need to give all you have and try your best.
4.____ (tire) and short of breath, Andy and Ruby were the first to reach the top of Mount Tai.
5._____ (turn) down the radio---- the baby's asleep in the next room.
6._____ (lose) in thought , he almost ran into the car in front of him.
7. ____ (hurry) up, or you?ll be late.
8.____ (buy)some chocolate when you are in Italy.
9. _____ （buy）some chocolate is what tourists in Italy often do.
10. The boy sat in the dark room, _________(frighten) and _________(shake).
11The school ____________(build) next year is intended for the disabled children.
12.The school ____________(build) now is intended for the disabled children.
13.The school __________(build) last year is intended for the disabled children.
英语中的双宾语和宾语补足语的区别
详解双宾语和宾语补足语的区别：以make, give举例说明 双宾语结构：1. 动词+间接宾语+直接宾语 2. 动词+直接宾语+for+间接宾语 3. 动词+直接宾语+to+间接宾语 其中间接宾语是指人的，直接宾语是指物的 宾语补足语结构：1.动词+人（宾语）+动词原形 2.动词+宾语+形容词 3.动词+宾语+带to的不定式 4.动词+宾语+省to的不定式 5.动词+宾语+名词短语 其中红色部分作为句子的宾补成分, 特别强调的是宾 语补足语不可以和宾语换位置。 一、举例说明双宾语： 1. She made us coffee. 其中us 为句子的间接宾语coffer为句子的直接宾语。 本句子可改为同义句： She made coffer for us. 2. He gave me a book. 其中me 为句子的间接宾语a book为句子的直接宾语。 本句子可改为同义句： He gave a book to me 二、举例说明宾语补足语: We make Lijian our monitor. 其中红色为宾补成分 这个句子最容易让人弄错，以为是双宾语，其实是our monitor作为句子的宾语补足语，这个句子是不可以改写成： We make our monitor for Lijian. （×） He asked me some questions. 这个句子容易让人误认为是宾语补足语结构，实际是双宾语结构，只不过这个句子中的动词的间接宾语不能+to或+for,这类动词还有cost, refuse, promise
The book cost me five yuan. 三、动词+直接宾语+for+间接宾语，这种结构中能用for改为同义句的动词有：buy, play, make, find,keep,choose,cut,cook,wash等 Please cut Tom the cake.= Please cut the cake for Tom. My father often washes me the clothes.=My father often washes the clothes for me. My father often cooks me lunch.=My father often cooks lunch for me. 四、动词+直接宾语+to+间接宾语，这种结构中能用to改为同义句的动词有：七给give, hand, pass, lend, send, show, write,一带bring，还有pay, teach, tell, wish, return, sell, read,等 I returned him the storybook= I returned the storybook to him. He showed all his friends his pictures.= He showed his pictures to all his friends. He sent me a book.= He sent a book to me
宾语补足语总汇
宾语补足语总汇 六、具体说明： （一）副词作宾语补足语 I found him in yesterday. （二）常接形容词作宾语补足语的动词有：keep, make, find等。 如：We must keep our classroom clean. （三）常接名词作宾语补足语的动词有：call, name, make, think等。 如：We call them mooncakes. （四）常接动词-ing形式作宾语补足语的动词有：see, watch, hear, find, keep等。如：In the country, we can hear birds singing. （五）常接介词短语作宾语补足语的动词有：keep, find, leave等。如：I left my pen on my desk at home. （六）不定式作宾语补足语 1. 常接带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：ask, tell, want, teach, wish等； 2. 接不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：see, watch, hear, make, let advise, allow, ask, beg, command, tell, invite, force, oblige, get, help, encourage, persuade, permit, remind, request, order, warn, cause等。如： I often see him play football. She often asks me to help her. We don't allow such things to happen again. Most of the parents agree to forbid their children to smoke. She asked me to answer the phone in her absence. Please remind me to leave her this note. She requested him to go with her. 3. 用不定式作宾语补足语的几种说明： ①help后面作宾语补足语的动词不定式可以带to也可以不带to。 如：I often help my mother(to) do some housework. ②在使役动词后作宾语补足语，不定式不带to。有些动词跟不定式作宾语补足语时省去了to，这些动词有：一感二听三让四观看。 一感：feel 二听：hear, listen to 三让：let, have, make 四观看：observe, see, watch, look at 这类动词有：make, let, have等。转为被动语态时，其后通常都用带to的不定式(have没有被动语态)。What would you have me do? 你要我做什么？She made him give up smoking. 她让他戒了烟。Let him do whatever he wishes to do. 他想干什么就让他干吧。 Though he had often made his little sister cry, today he was made to cry by his little sister.虽然经常是他弄哭小妹妹，但今天他却被小妹妹弄哭了 3. 掌握“使役动词have + 宾语＋过去分词”的几种含义 在“ hav e ＋宾语＋过去分词”结构中，过去分词作宾语补足语，have 也可用get 。这一结构具有以下几种含义：
(完整版)英语宾语补足语用法详解
Contents 英语宾语补足语用法详解 (2) 一、概念 (2) 二、何时用现在分词、何时用过去分词作主语(宾语)补足语 (2) 三、可以用分词作主语或宾语补足语的动词 (3) 典例精析： (4)
英语宾语补足语用法详解 一、概念 分词作主语补足语和宾语补足语其实是同一成分用于两种不同的句式中。具体地说，主动态句子中的宾语补足语就是被动态句子中的主语补足语。先了解宾语补足语，则很容易了解主语补足语。 宾语补足语：在英语中，某些及物动词不仅需要宾语，而且还要求某个词或词组来补充说明宾语，即表示宾语代表的人或物所发出的动作或所处的状态，这个词或短语称为宾语补足语。有些语法书把宾语和补足语称为复合宾语。 句型：及物动词+宾语(n./pron.)+宾语补足语(n./adj./adv./to do/-ing/-ed/介词短语共7种表示法) 该句型若变成被动语态，即将宾语提到句首作主语，原主动语态中的宾语补足语此时在被动语态中起到补充说明主语的作用，所以改称主语补足语。例如： A cook will be immediately fired if he is found smoking in the kitchen. 此句中smoking是主语he的补足语，所以称为主语补足语。 二、何时用现在分词、何时用过去分词作主语(宾语)补足语 分词作主语(宾语)补足语时，若主语(宾语)与分词之间是主动关系，则用现在分词表示主动； 如果主语(宾语)与分词之间是被动关系，则用过去分词表示被动。例如： He was heard singing in the next room. He was singing.主语he与补足语“唱歌”之间是主动关系，故用现在分词singing。 One of the glasses was found broken. One of the glasses was broken.主语one of the glasses与补足语“打破”之间是被动关系，故用过去分词broken。 Don‘t leave the water running while you brush your teeth.
双宾语vs宾语和宾语补足语
双宾语vs宾语和宾语补足语 双宾动词1.动词+ 间接宾语+直接宾语 They granted us a loan. She will lend you her mp3. I owed him an apology. Hand me the cellphone. 间接宾语有时候要放后面, 需要加介词to, 这类动词有give, loan, play, send, tell, grant, mail, post, serve, write, award, offer, read, show, bring, lease, owe, rent, sing, deal, leace, pass, repay, take, lend, pay, sell, teach 2. 动词+直接宾语+for+ 间接宾语 Sing us a song, please.-------Please sing a song for us. 这类动词常见的有: book, find, pick, bring, fix, play, fix, buy, leave, reserve, build, get, prepare, book, make, save, cut, mix, set, design, order, sing, fetch, paint, spare 常见的跟宾语补足语的及物动词 1. 可跟adj, 或adj短语作宾补的动词 (这类动词只跟一个宾语意义不完整, 宾语后必须加一个成分, 使其意义完整) believe, drive, keep, set, declare, consider, leave, find, make, cut, judge, get, push, dye, paint 2. 可用名词短语作宾补 call, name, make (使变为), wish, consider, find, keep, choose, elect We choose Li our new manager. We consider him a talented genius. 3. 可带to不定式结构作宾补 advise, allow, ask, expect, invite, get, order, tell, teach, wish, warn If you want people to think well of you, do not speak well of yourself. How could they allow the state to build a prison so close to our neighbourhood. 4. 用ing做宾补 see, hear, keep, catch, find, have(让, 使) watch, smell, look at, observe, discover, get(使) Can you hear sb playing the piano in the hall? The boy was last seen playing by the riverside. 5. 用ed做宾补 have(使), get(使), make(使), find(发现), feel, see, heat, think, watch You will see this product advertised wherever you go. I found the story used in a book. 指示代词this和that都可以用来指代或概括上文提到的事物，或指代前面整个句子的内容，两者在意义上没有区别，只是that多用在较正式的文体中。（同一句话中） You smiled and talked to me of nothing, for this I’d been waiting long. Hill slopes are cleared of forests to make way of crops, but this only accelerates crisis. 如果要指代下文，通常用this，用that情况很少，而且常有讽刺，气愤等意味。 I want to know this; Has he been here the whole morning?
宾语补足语讲解及练习
精心整理 宾语补足语讲解 一、定义：宾语补足语通常紧跟在宾语之后，对宾语进行补充说明。 二、句子结构是：主+谓+宾+宾补 三宾语补足语的词语形式有： 副词，形容，名词，介词短语，不定式(带to/不带to)，分词（现在分词/过去分词） 四、具体说明： （1）副词作宾语补足语如：Ifoundhim in yesterday. （2）形容词作宾语补足语如：Wemustkeepourclassroom clean. （3）名词作宾语补足语如：Wecallthem mooncakes. （4）介词短语作宾语补足语如：Ileftmypen onmydesk athome. （5）不定式作宾语补足语如：Sheoftenasksme tohelp her. Ioftenseehim play football. 用不定式作宾语补足语的几种说明： ①help后面作宾语补足语的动词不定式可以带to也可以不带to。 如：Ioftenhelpmymother(to)dosomehousework. ②在使役动词和感官动词后作宾语补足语，不定式不带to。这些动词有： 一感：feel；二听：hear,listento；三让：let,have,make四观看：observe,see,watch,lookat 如：I saw theboy climb thewall（过程） 如：Theboss makes theboy work dayandnight. 这类动词转为被动语态时，其后不定式符号to要重新加上去(注意have没有被动语态)。 Thoughhehadoften madehislittlesistercry,todayhe wasmadetocry byhislittlesister. 虽然经常是他弄哭小妹妹，但今天他却被小妹妹弄哭了 ③表示心理状态的动词（consider,think,believe,discover,find,imagine,judge,suppose,prove等）后接不定式tobe+形容词或名词"结构作宾语补足语。think,consider,find后的tobe常可省略。 如：Weconsiderhim(tobe)agoodteacher. 如：Heprovedthetheory(tobe)veryimportant. （6）现在分词作宾语补足语，说明宾语是动作的发出者，形成逻辑上的主谓关系。如：Isawtheboy climbing thewall.（片 段） （7）过去分词作宾语补足语，表示宾语是动作的承受者，构成逻辑上的动宾关系。 如：Isawanoldman knockeddown byacarjustnow. （8）“with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构通常在句中作时间、方式、条件、原因等状语。例如： 1、with+宾+形Helefttheroomwiththedoor open.方式 2、with+宾+副Withtheradio on,grandmasleptdeeplyinthechair.伴随 3、with+宾+过去分词Themanwsbroughtinwithhishands tied behindhisback.方式 4、with+宾+不定式Withthisbook tohelpyou,youcanfinishyourworkqickly.条件 5、with+宾+介词短语Themanleftthemeetingwithabook inhishand.伴随 6、with+宾+现在分词Shefellasleepwiththelightburning.伴随 宾语补足语练习题 1.Themanagerdiscussedtheplanthattheywouldliketosee thenextyear.(NMET2000) A.carryout B.carryingout C.carriedout D.tocarryout
宾语补足语Word版
一、宾语补足语的概念 某些及物动词的宾语后面还需要有一个补足语，意思才完整，宾语和它的补足语构成复合宾语。而复合宾语的第一部分通常由名词或代词充当，第二部分表示第一部分的名词或代词发出的动作或身份、特征等，称为宾语补足语。比如说： I like to keep everything tidy. I'm going to paint it pink. 句子中的it显然是宾语。主语将要做的并不是it，而是paint it pink。pink 是句子中的宾语补足语。它和宾语之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，也就是说从逻辑上来讲，是执行了paint的动作。 二、宾语补足语与双宾语的区别 宾语补足语是用来补充说明宾语的，双宾语是同等地位的宾语，二者在本质上是不同的。 1，比如pass me the book中，me是间接宾语，指人，也是近宾语；the book是直接宾语，指物，也是远宾语。又如：They gave him a watch. 这里的him 是间接宾 语, a watch 是直接宾语，这种间接宾语和直接宾语同时出现的情况叫双宾语。 常用宾语：常用的能接双宾语的及物动词有： give, teach, buy, lend, find, hand, leave, sell, show, read等。 2，在英语中有些及物动词，接了宾语意义仍不完整，还需要有一个其他的句子成分来补充说明宾语的意义、状态等，称为宾语补足语，简称宾补。比如说： I heard Jean singing this morning. 句子中的Jean显然是宾语。但是主语I听到的并不是Jean，而是Jean singing。 singing 是句子中的宾语补足语。它和宾语之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，也就是说从逻辑上来讲，是Jean执行了singing的动作。句子中的singing是现在分词做宾语补足语。三、宾语补足语的各种形式 能够充当宾补的还有宾语补足语的大致有：不定式，现在分词，过去分词，形容词，副 词，介宾短语等。一般情况下，宾补通常紧跟在宾语之后。比如： I find learning English difficult.(difficult是形容词做宾补） I saw the kite up and down. （up and down是副词做宾补） Tom made the girl cry. (cry是省略不定式符号to的动词不定式） 1,名词或代词宾格+名词 They named the baby Jim. We call him Tom. 2, 名词或代词宾格+形容词 They painted the wall white. I always find her happy and gay(愉快). 3，名词或代词宾格+介宾短语 People praised（称赞）him as a national hero. The next morning I found him at his machine again. 4，名词或代词宾格+动词不定式 We asked the teacher to explain the difficult sentences again. The teacher helped him see his error(错误)。 5，名词或代词宾格+分词 I heard somebody knocking at the door. He had his ankle sprained while playing football.他踢足球时把脚踝扭伤。 注意：
宾语补足语讲解
宾语补足语讲解 WTD standardization office【WTD 5AB- WTDK 08- WTD 2C】
宾语补足语（O b j e c t c o m p l e m e n t)用法归纳概念：英语中含有某些意义的动词跟了宾语后句子仍不完整，还须要一个补足成分，这种补足成分叫做宾语补足语。宾语补足语是句子的主要成分，这样的句型为：主语+谓语动词+宾语+宾语补足语。 由名词、形容词、副词、介词短语充当宾语补足语，用以说明宾语的类属、性质、状态等意义；由非谓语动词即不定式、现在分词、过去分词充当宾语补足语，用以说明宾语的动作。
宾语补足语使用注意事项： ①当感官动词和使役动词，如：see hear notice watch hear observe, listen to, feel(感官动词)make have let get(使役动词)接宾补时，不定式的符号to必须省略。但在被动语态中，动词后要加to。 主动语态：The policeman made him tell everything. 被动语态：He was made to tell everything by the policeman. ②感官动词see, hear, watch, notice, observe后面的宾语补足语既可跟不带to的动词不定式，也可跟现在分词，其区别在于前者表示“经常性的，习惯性的动作”，后者表示“正在发生的瞬间动作”。 I often hear her sing English songs in the room. Suddenly, Zhang Hua heard someone shouting “Fire! Fire!” ③在help后,不定式可以带to,也可不带。 Lucy often helps her brother (to) learn English. ④有些动词只能用现在分词作宾语补足语，如：keep, mind, prevent, stop。动词find, catch等的宾语可由现在分词作宾语补足语。
宾语补足语和主语补足语
宾语补足语和主语补足 语 集团标准化小组：[VVOPPT-JOPP28-JPPTL98-LOPPNN]
宾语补足语:? 某些及物动词的宾语后面还需要有一个补足语，意思才完整，宾语和它的补足语构成复合宾语。而复合宾语的第一部分通常由名词或代词充当，第二部分表示第一部分的名词或代词发出的动作或身份、特征等，称为宾语补足语。? 宾语补足语有以下几类。? 1.由动词不定式充当。多数是带to的不定式，也有不带to 的不定式。1).要求带to的不定式作宾语补足语的动词有tell，ask，invite，force，get，beg，allow，wish，want，like，prefer，intend，expect，encourage，a d v i s e，p e r m i t，o r d e r，w a r n，c a u s e等。e g.? I would prefer you not to change your plan．? 我宁愿你不要改变计划。?
They encouraged me to try again．他们鼓励我再次尝试。? ? 2).某些动词如think，consider，believe，know，find 等后面作宾语补足语的不定式常用to be + adj．的结构。? e g.? We believed him to be stupid．我们认为他很笨。? He didn”t consider himsel f (to be) important．? 他并不认为自己重要。? ? 3).某些动词如make，have，let，see，hear，watch，notice，feel等后作宾语补足语的不定式不带to。? e g.? He made us stay for tea．他使我们留下来吃茶点。?
动词+宾语+宾补
一、“make+宾语+宾补”的用法 “make+宾语+宾补”这一结构中，宾语补足语可以由名词、形容词、过去分词、不定式等来充当，例如： (1) A good friend is someone who makes you happy.（形容词作宾补） (2) They made me repeat the story.（省to的动词不定式） (3) He raised his voice to make himself heard.(过去分词作宾补) 注：“make+宾语+宾补”结构中不用现在分词充当宾补。 (4)We made him monitor of our class.（名词作宾补） 注：职务名词充当宾补时其前面不要加冠词。 【试题链接】 1. He is very popular among his students as he always tries to make them _____ in his lectures. A．interested B． interesting C．interest D．to interest 2. My parents have always made me _____ about myself, even when I was twelve. A．feeling well B．feeling good C．feel well D．feel good 答案：1.A 2.D 二、“with+宾语+宾补”的用法 “with+宾语+宾补”是高考试题中考查十分频繁的结构，“with+宾语+宾补”结构中的宾补主要有形容词、现在分词、过去分词、动词不定 式等，在考题中常要求选择宾补的形式，在选择时宾补空间该使用什么形式，主要限决于宾语与宾补的关系，主动关系用现在分词，被动关 系则用过去分词，此外，不定式作宾补要表示含义为将来的意味，例如： (1) With so many people communicating in English every day, it will become more and more imp ortant to have a good knowledge of English.(宾语so many people与communicate是主动关系，因此用现在分词作宾补) (2) With everything he needed to buy, he went into the store. (不定式作宾补表示将来的含义) (3) With everything he needed bought, he left the store. (过去分词作宾补表被动表完成) (4) With my key lost, I couldn’t enter my room. (过去分词作宾补) (5) With nothing to do, I went out for a walk. (不定式作宾补) (6) I went out with the window open. (形容词作宾补) 另外，“with+宾语+宾补”结构中还可由介词短语、副词短语来充当宾补，如： (1) She said good-bye with tears in her eyes. (2) He left the room with the light still on. 【试题链接】 1. ----Come on, please give me some ideas about the project. ----Sorry. With so much work ______ my mind, I almost break down. A．filled B．filling C．to fill D．being filled 2. John received an invitation to dinner, and with his work ______ he gladly accepted it. A．finished B．finishing C．having finished D．was finished 3. I couldn’t to my homework with all the noise______. A．going on B．goes on C．went on D．to go on 答案：1. B 2. A 3. A 三、“have+宾语+宾补”的用法 在“have+宾语+宾补”这一结构用法中，充当宾补的常用的有do，doing, done和adj，例如： (1) I’ll have my hair cut this afternoon.我今天下午要理发。
非谓语动词作宾语补足语讲解与练习(修订版)(最新整理)
非谓语动词作宾语补足语 定义：宾语补足语通常是位于宾语之后，说明宾语的状态、特征的成分，多由名词,形容词、副词、不定式,动名词个分词充当. 如：The sun keeps us warm. We call her Jenny. They found him out. Make yourself at home. They wish you to go with them. I heard him singing. You must get your hair cut. 宾语+宾语补足语=复合宾语，宾语和宾语补足语之间在逻辑上往往有主表、或者主谓的关系. 一、动词不定式作宾补。 1.V1 + sb. + to do sth. 常用动词有：advise 建议allow 允许ask 叫，请bear 忍受 beg 乞求cause 导致command 命令encourage 鼓励expect 期待forbid 禁止force 迫使get 使 hate 讨厌help 帮助intend 想要invite 邀请 leave 让like 喜欢mean 打算need 需要 oblige 迫使order 命令permit 允许persuade 说服 prefer 宁愿request 请求remind 提醒teach 教 tell 告诉trouble 麻烦want 想要warn 警告 wish 希望wait for 等would like 想要would love 想要would prefer 宁愿 persuade (劝说）sb to do sth = persuade sb into doing sth 温馨提示： 1. advise, forbid,allow, permit 这四个词后既可以直接加动名词作宾语，也可以接不定式作宾语补足语，即构成 doing sth advise/ forbid/ allow/ permit sb to do sth 2. fear, excuse, refuse, insist, hope, suggest, agree, decide, demand, thank, arrange 等动词后不可接sb to do sth。 They forbade her to leave the country. 他们禁止她离开国家。 Please remind me not to be late for the meeting. 请提醒我开会不要迟到。3. He asked me to keep my word. 他要我信守承诺。 练习： Exercise1 1. I didn’t want my parents _________(help ) me. 2. We’d prefer you __________( take ) the job instead of Zhang. 3. The school ordered all the classroom ________( clean ). 4. My parents expect me _________( go )to a ideal university. 5. Joan promised the dinner ____________( cook ) before we returned. 6. The doctor advised the patient ___________( take ) two pills every four hours. 7. My advisor encouraged ________ a summer course to improve my writing skills. (北京卷) A. for me taking B. me taking C. for me to take D. me to take 8. The teacher asked us ________ so much noise. (北京卷) A. don’t make B. not make C. not making D. not to make 9. The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him ________. (全国卷) A. not to B. not to do C. not do it D. do not do 二、在感官动词(feel, listen to, hear, see, look at, watch, notice 等)和使役动词(make, let, have)后，要用不带to 的不定式作宾补。但在这些动词的被动式(如果可以变为被动式的话)后用作主语补足语的不定式要带to。 The boss made her work long hours. 主语谓语宾语宾补 She was made to work long hours (by her boss). 主语谓语主补 诀窍：某些动词真奇怪，to来to去令人猜； 主动语态to离开，被动语态to回来。 记忆方法：一感(feel)、二听(hear, listen to)、三让(let, have, make)、五看(see, look at, watch, notice，observe)。 注：(1) 动词help后，可以加 to,也可以省略to. I will help him (to) clean the room.。 Lucy often helps her brother (to) learn English. 口诀：宾补省to有习惯，只有动词十一个半：五“看”二“听”一“感觉”，三个“使役”紧跟着。一个“帮助”两均可，牢记保你不出错。 练习： 1. Though he had often made his little sister ________, today he was made ________ by his little sister.
双宾语和宾语补足语(精)
双宾语和宾语补足语的区别 ? 英语中,有些及物动词可以接两个宾语 , 即指人的间接宾语和指物的直接宾语 , 这两个宾语称为 " 双宾语 " 。 句子结构为:" 主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语 " 。 如:My parents bought me a computer.我父母给我买了一台电脑 . 用来说明宾语 的部分叫做宾语补足语 . 什么时候会出现宾语补足语呢 ? 当一个句子有了(主 +谓 +宾后 , 句意仍不清楚 , 这时补充一部分 , 句意就清楚了 . 如果这部分和宾语之间有 逻辑上的“主 +谓”的关系 . 也就是说 , 假设用宾语作主语 , 与后面的内容重新组成 一个句子 , 其意义与原句的意义相符合 , 这时这部分就是宾语补足语 . 如果与原句意义不相符合 , 就是“双宾语” . 如:1.We call her?这时主谓宾都有了 , 但句意不清楚 , 加上 Sister Li后就完整了 . 如果我们用宾语做主语 , 就可写成 She is Sister Li.此时 , 意义与原句相符合 , 所以 Sister Li就是宾语补足语 .2.I shall give you这时句子有了主谓宾 , 意义不完整 . 加上 a dog?就完整了 . 但我们不能说 You are dog, 所以这时 a dog是直接宾语 .you 是间接宾语 . 双宾语就是有些动词后面跟直接宾语和间接宾语 . 直接宾语指的是动词所涉及的物 , 间接宾语是指受益于动词所表示的行为的人 . 例如 :They gave him a watch.这里的 him 是间接宾语 ,a watch 是直接宾语 , 这种间接宾语和直接宾语同时出现的情况叫双宾语 . 在英语中 , 有些动词接了一个宾语后句子意思仍不完整 , 还需要再加上一个词或短语放在宾语之后来补充说明其身份、特征、状态或所做的动作 , 这种“宾语+宾语补足语”结构称为复合宾语 .We call him Jack .我们叫他杰 克 . 这里 him 是宾语 ,Jack 是宾语补足语 They appointed him chairman. 他们任 命他为主席 . 这里的 him 是宾语 ,chairman 是宾语补足语 . 如何区分双宾语和复合宾语
宾语补足语讲解及练习教学文稿
宾语补足语讲解及练 习
宾语补足语讲解 一、定义：宾语补足语通常紧跟在宾语之后，对宾语进行补充说明。 二、句子结构是：主+谓+宾+宾补 三宾语补足语的词语形式有： 副词，形容，名词，介词短语，不定式(带to/不带to)，分词（现在分词/过去分词） 四、具体说明： （1）副词作宾语补足语如：I found him in yesterday. （2）形容词作宾语补足语如：We must keep our classroom clean. （3）名词作宾语补足语如：We call them mooncakes. （4）介词短语作宾语补足语如：I left my pen on my desk at home. （5）不定式作宾语补足语如：She often asks me to help her. I often see him play football. 用不定式作宾语补足语的几种说明： ①help后面作宾语补足语的动词不定式可以带to也可以不带to。 如：I often help my mother(to) do some housework. ②在使役动词和感官动词后作宾语补足语，不定式不带to。这些动词有： 一感：feel；二听：hear, listen to；三让：let, have, make 四观看：observe, see, watch, look at 如：I saw the boy climb the wall（过程） 如： The boss makes the boy work day and night. 这类动词转为被动语态时，其后不定式符号to要重新加上去 (注意have没有被动语态)。 Though he had often made his little sister cry, today he was made to cry by his little sister. 虽然经常是他弄哭小妹妹，但今天他却被小妹妹弄哭了 ③表示心理状态的动词（consider, think, believe, discover, find, imagine, judge, suppose, prove等）后接不定式to be+形容词或名词"结构作宾语补足语。think, consider, find后的to be常可省略。 如：We consider him (to be) a good teacher. 如：He proved the theory (to be) very important.（6）现在分词作宾语补足语，说明宾语是动作的发出者，形成逻辑上的主谓关 系。如：I saw the boy climbing the wall. （片段） （7）过去分词作宾语补足语，表示宾语是动作的承受者，构成逻辑上的动宾关系。 如：I saw an old man knocked down by a car just now.
宾语补足语用法
宾语补足语用法 宾语补足语是英语教学中的难点，也是高考的热点，更是书面表达中必须具备的一种句型结构。下面就宾语补足语用法进行以下归纳。 Ⅰ.使役动词后宾语补足语的用法 中学教学中最常见的使役动词有：make，have，leave。他们都表示“使得”，后面都可接宾语+宾语补足语的结构，但用法上有所不同。 一?make用作使役动词表示“使；使成为”时，可跟复合结构，即“make+宾语+宾语补足语”，其中的宾语补足语可以是形容词或名词?不带to的不定式?过去分词。 1. 我们推选他为我们足球队队长。 We made him captain of our football team. 2. 我们队赢了的消息使我们大家非常高兴。 The news that our team had won made us very happy. 3. 大雨使得我们无法出去。 The heavy rain made it impossible for us to go out. 4. 奇怪的声音使我们感到恐惧。 The strange noise made us frightened. 5. 在交通嘈杂声中他无法使自己的声音提高到让别人听到。 He couldn’t make himself heard above the noise of the traffic. 6. 什么东西使得草生长? What makes the grass grow? 注意：过去分词作make的宾语补足语时，变为被动语态不用加to；但当不定式作其宾补时，变为被动语态一定要加to。 这个男孩被迫每天干十二个小时的活。 The boy was made to work twelve hours a day. 选择题： 1. Paul doesn’t have to be made ____. He always works hard. A. learn B. to learn C. learned D. learning 2. The result of the entrance exams was not made ____ to the public until last Thursday. A. knowing B. known C. to know D. to be known 答案：1.B2.B 二?have 表示“使得……”，其后接宾语补足语，常用以下句型： have sb. do sth.使得某人做某事 have sb. doing sth.使得某人一直做某事 have sth. done使得某事被做 填空： 1. The teacher had her ____(recite) the text again. 2. He wants to have his eyes ____(examine) tomorrow. 3. Be careful，or you’ll have your hands ____(hurt). 4. He had the girl ____(stand) in the classroom the whole morning. 5. He had the walls ____(paint) this morning. 答案：1.recite 2.examined 3.hurt 4.standing 5.painted 只能用doing的情况