中英句子翻译-定语从句的翻译
定语从句的翻译句子
定语从句的翻译句子定语从句的翻译句子定语从句是的难点，也是考研英语考查的重点。
下面一起来看看定语从句的翻译句子吧!一、前置译法如果一个定语从句在句中的作用是修饰和限定名词，那么通常就采取译为前置定语的方法。
但注意译成前置定语后既不能影响原文所表达的意思，还要使整个句子的表达言简意赅、连贯通顺、语气较强。
例句：Water, which is a clear liquid, has many uses.译文：水是一种清澈的液体，有许多用途。
在前置译法的过程中如果定语从句中的.谓语不含有具体意义，可省译从句中的谓语。
这种译法很简便，也很有效。
有时候，出于汉语行文的需要和逻辑关系方面的考虑，可将定语从句提在主语之前翻译，用来说明情况，但不作为被修饰名词的定语。
例句：There are also great advantages that come from the variety of culture brought by settlers from other lands.译文：移民从个地方带来了多种文化，产生了极大的好处。
二、后置译法我们都知道，英语中很多定语从句都是为了连接两个具有共同名词的句子而存在的，因此在翻译时最好分为两个分句。
而对于起限定作用的定语从句，如果结构较为复杂，句子太长，无法译成前置的定语，最后就译成一个后置的并列分句，这样更合乎汉语的习惯。
例句：Our war against terror is a contest of will in which perseverance is power.译文：我们的反恐是一场意志力的较量。
在这场较量中，不屈不挠的精神就是力量。
结构较复杂的定语从句常译成后置的并列分句，在多数情况下要重译先行词，或即便句子不长，出于某种原因需要强调先行词，也要重译先行词。
例句：Days and nights are very long on the moon, where one day is as long as two weeks on the earth.译文：在上，白天和黑夜都相当长，月亮上的一天等于地球上的两周。
英汉翻译(10)定语从句的翻译
• The custom officer took up his suitcase, which was opened immediately in his presence.
• 海关官员拿起他的手提箱，并立即当着他的面打开。
• Trams, which disappeared from Britain many years, are still used in several European cities.
• A true friend is, as it were, a polished mirror which reflects our features, good and bad, as they are.
• 一个真正的朋友，就好象一面磨光的镜子，它把我们的 面貌，不论好的，坏的， 都如实地反映出来。
3）Translating Attributives with Adverbial Functions
• Rendered into a clause of cause • The strike would prevent the docking of
ocean steamships which require assistance of tugboats. • 罢工会使远洋轮船不能靠岸，因为它们需要拖国家不讨饭就活不下去。”
• There was that in Rawdon’s face which cuased Becky to fling herself before him.
• 罗登脸上的表情使得贝姬扑到他身前。
• They are aware that they are participating in a movement which is shaking the world and which brings together in its ranks, in its forward march, all peoples aspiring to freedom and justice.
定语从句造句带翻译
定语从句造句带翻译定语从句造句带翻译定语从句是怎么样子的一个翻译方式呢?与中文有何不同。
下面是小编整理的定语从句造句带翻译，欢迎大家阅读参考，希望帮助到大家。
【定语从句的翻译】1、自由式定语从句自由式定语从句是指一个句子中两个或两个以上不同成分带定语从句的情况。
这种从句的先行词没有固定模式，在句中充当不同的句子成分，故该结构中的定语从句称为自由式定语从句。
它们拆开来看，其实就是一个一个简单的定语从句，因此，其翻译也和简单的定语从句相同。
Examples:Thus the Arab Umayyed Dynasty of caliphs, which had moved the capital from Medina to Damascus in 661, came to be regarded with much justification as a parasitic clique that had outlived its usefulness once the conquests were completed.Chinese Translation No. 1:人们开始理由充分地认为，阿拉伯麦伍德哈里发王朝阿拉伯伍麦叶里发王朝是征服战争完成后毫无作用的一个寄生集团;该王朝曾于661年从麦地那迁都大马士革。
Chinese Translation No. 2:阿拉伯麦伍德王朝的统治者们征服了……，于661年将首都从麦地那迁往大马士革，但此后他们便成了不折不扣的寄生虫。
2、嵌套式定语从句嵌套式定语从句是指一个句子中定语从句套定语从句的情况。
这种结构中的定语从句其实和自由式定语从句基本相似，拆开来也是一个独立的定语从句，只不过一个定语从句在另一个定语从句之中而已。
Examples:Likewise in the east were the Seljuk Turks who had infiltrated from their Central Asian homeland into the Islamic Empire where they were employed as mercenaries by the Baghdad caliphs.Chinese Translation No. 1:同样，在东方是塞尔柱突厥人，他们从家乡中亚进入伊斯兰教帝国;在那里被巴格达哈里发雇为雇佣军。
英汉互译定语从句翻译
The scientist, who was dog-tired, went on with the experiment. 那位科学家虽己筋疲力尽，但还是继续进行实验。
这就是那只捕杀了老鼠的猫。 老鼠偷吃了蛋糕。
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This is the cat that killed the rat that ate the cake that was put in the house. *这就是那只捕杀了偷吃了放在房间里的蛋糕的老鼠的猫。
This is the cat that killed the rat that ate the cake that was put in the house that Jack built. *这就是那只捕杀了偷吃了放在杰克修建的房间里的蛋糕的 老鼠的猫。
污染是我们必须解决的一个迫切间题。 例2. July and August are the months when the weather is hot.
七八月是天气很热的月份。
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Practice
In the room where the electronic computer is kept, there must be no dust at all.
Copper, which is used so widely for carrying electricity, offers very little resistance. 铜的电阻很小，所以广泛地用来传输电力。
中英句子翻译-定语从句的翻译
中英句子翻译-定语从句得翻译中英句子翻译－定语从句得翻译定语从句得翻译1、将下列含有限制性定语从句得复合句译成汉语:１)、 Eｖerythｉｎｇ thaｔiｓ arｏunｄ us is ｍatter、我们周围得一切都就就是物质2)、 He ｉｓｔhe oｎly one among uｓ thaｔknows Ｆrenｃh、她就就是我们中唯一懂法语得人。
3)、 I know the reason why he came late、我知道她来迟得原因。
4)、 Cerｔａin ｉdeaｓ, principles, anｄ laws oftｅn form thｅ fou ｎｄａｔion on which oｔheｒidｅas, ｐrincipｌｅs and lａｗs ｏf ａ sciｅnce are constructed、一些思想、原则和法律往往会成为其她思想、原则和法律赖以形成得基础。
5)、Ｓtａｉnless stｅels musｔ cｏntaｉn a mｉｎimｕm ｏf 10% ｃｈromium、 This ｉs thｅ reason whｙｔｈey aｒe stainless、不锈钢至少要含有１０%得铬,这就就就是不锈钢不生锈得原因。
6)、 Elecｔriｃal ｅnergy thaｔ is supplｉed to ａ lamｐｃan be tuｒｎed inｔo lｉgｈｔenergｙ、供照明得电能可以转化为光能。
7)、 An electｒic fiｅld ｉs a space where ａn eleｃtric forcｅexists、电场就就就是电力存在得空间。
８)、 Tｈe houｓe wｈose roof was daｍaged hａs ｎow beｅn repai ｒed、屋顶坏了得房子现在已经修好。
9)、 Sｈangｈai is the place wherｅｈe was born、上海就就是她出生得地方。
定语从句翻译
定语从句1.前置合译法（前滚翻）：若定语从句较短，较简单，与先行词（名词）的关系紧密（一般来说，紧密的，为限定性从句；不紧密的，为非限定性从句），限定性定语从句及少部分非限定性从句（较短且有描述性的非限定），一般将从句提在先行词之前，译成“…的” 1）The action it takes at any moment can,t be predicted,and people find that disturbing.分析：后一个that引导宾语从句，指代前面的事情。
翻译：它在任何一个时刻采取的行动都无法预见，这件事使人们感到不安。
2）I was, to borrow from John Le Carre（插入语）,the spy（间谍）who was to stay out in the cold.分析：插入语，作状语，译成汉语时，放在句首翻译：借用约翰.李.卡雷的话来说，我是一名被打入冷宫的间谍。
3）There will come a day when people all over the world will live a happy life.分析：定语从句中含有定语从句，主句是when引导的定语从句，修饰a day 翻译：全世界人民过上幸福生活的那一天（终究）是会到来的。
4）The people who worked for him lived in mortal fear of him.翻译：在他手下干活的员工怕他怕得要死。
5）We were most impressed by the fact that even those patients who were not told of their serious ill were quite aware of its potential outcome.翻译：给我们留下极深印象的是（同位语的翻译）即使那些没有被告知严重病情的病人，对其疾病的潜在后果也是非常清楚的。
定语从句翻译
• 这是最为常见的一种英译汉的方式，翻译成中 文时，将定语部分放在被修饰名词的前面。
• 例1：He is not the one who will give up easily. 译文：他不是一个轻易服输的人。
• 例2：Our two countries are neighbors whose friendship is of long standing. 译文：我们两国是友谊长存的友好邻邦。
3．译成相对独立的小分句
• 有些定语从句在修饰关系上与先行词之间关系显得较 为疏远，这时，我们通常会将定语从句译成独立的句 子。
• 例1: One was a violent thunderstorm, the worst I had ever seen, which obscured my objective. 译文：有一次暴风骤雨，猛烈的程度实在是我平生所 鲜见的。这场暴风雨遮住了我的目标。
2．不翻译关系代词或关系副词
• 有些定语从句表面上是非限制性定语从句，但在意义上却已经和 主句融为了一体。在翻译时，应该将引导定语从句的关系词省略， 从而使句子的意思显得更为连贯。
• 例1: After dinner, the four key negotiators resumed their talks, which continued well into the night. 译文：晚饭后，四个主要谈判人物继续进行会谈，一直谈到深夜。
• 二、分译法：
• 分译法是指将主句和从句分开翻译的一种方法， 主要用于较长的非限制性定语从句里。采用这 种方法可避免句子的冗长和累赘。这种方法一 般采用主句在前，从句在后的翻译形式，将句 子翻译成两个相对独立的小分句。
定语从句的翻译方法
另外，有些定语从句英译汉时要需要将主句压缩成主语，而将定语从句译成谓语，融合为一个句子。
另外，在英语中常常会把需要强调的内容放于句首，而汉语中却习惯把附加性说明的定语部分翻译成后置型的并列分句，以求在形式上突出主句的内容。
例1: She suddenly thought of her husband, who had left her and their children behind and had never been heard of. 译文：他丈夫早就抛弃了妻儿一直杳无音信，现在她突然想起了他。
2．译成谓语 当定语从句是存在句，尤其是在“there be结构”和它的变体结构、以及在“it be +主语+定语从句”的结构中，定语从句的谓语在意义上也是整个主句的谓语，因此在英译汉时可将其译为主谓结构的简单句。
例1：There were men in that crowd who had stood there every day for a month.译文：在那群人中，有的人每天都站在那里，站了一个月。
例1：He took out a bottle of wine out of his pocket, which he began to drink slowly.译文：他从衣兜里掏出一瓶酒慢慢地喝起来。
例2： We will send the boy to Britain, where he can receive better education.译文：我们将要把这个孩子送到英国去接受更好的教育。
Unit-15-英语定语从句的翻译
二、后置法/切分法： 把定语从句翻译在所修饰的先行词后面，翻译为并列 分句。英语的定语从句结构常常比较复杂，如果翻译 在其修饰的先行词前面的话，会显得定语太臃肿，而 无法叙述清楚。这时，可以把定语从句翻译在先行词 后面，译成并列分句。翻译时可以用两种方法来处理。
（一）重复先行词。 由于定语从句的先行词通常在定语从句中充当句子成 分，如果单独把定语从句翻译出来的话，常常需要重 复先行词，还可以用代词代替先行词来重复。
His laughter, which was infectious, broke the silence. 他那富有感染力的笑声打破了沉寂。
He liked his sister, who was warm and pleasant, but he did not like his brother, who was aloof and arrogant. 他喜欢热情愉快的妹妹， 而不喜欢冷漠高傲的哥哥。
英语中，定语从句分成限制性从句与非限制性从句 两种。他们在英语中的位置一般是在其所修饰的先 行词后面。限定性定语从句与非限定性定语从句的 区别只是在于限制意义的强弱。而汉语中定语作为 修饰语通常在其所修饰的词前面，并且没有限制意 义的强弱之分，因此，限制与非限制在翻译中并不 起十分重要的作用。英语中多用结构复杂的定语从 句，而汉语中修饰语则不宜臃肿。所以，在翻译定 语从句时，一定要考虑到汉语的表达习惯。如果英 语的定语从句太长，无论是限制性的或非限制性的， 都不宜译成汉语中的定语，而应用其他方法处理。
I told the story to John, who told it to his brother. 他把这件事告诉了约翰，约翰又告诉了他的弟弟。
You, whose predecessors scored initial success in astronomical research, have acquired a greater accomplishment in this respect.
定语从句翻译
定语从句翻译定语从句是修饰主句中的一个名词或代词的从句，用来进一步说明或限定这个名词或代词。
定语从句通常由关系代词或关系副词引导。
定语从句的翻译需要根据上下文和语境来确定正确的意思，并根据语法规则将其翻译成符合目标语言的结构。
以下是一些定语从句的翻译例子：1. The book that I borrowed from the library is very interesting.我从图书馆借来的那本书非常有趣。
2. The girl who is sitting next to me is my best friend.坐在我旁边的那个女孩是我最好的朋友。
3. The house where she grew up is no longer standing.她长大的那所房子已经不存在了。
4. This is the man whose car was stolen last night.这是昨晚车被偷的那个人。
5. Do you remember the day when we first met?你还记得我们第一次见面的那天吗？6. I have a friend whose father is a doctor.我有一个父亲是医生的朋友。
7. The movie that we watched last night was really good.我们昨晚看的那部电影真的很好。
8. The company where he works is located in the city center.他工作的那家公司位于市中心。
9. This is the restaurant that serves the best sushi in town.这是城里服务最好的寿司餐厅。
10. She has a dog which is very friendly.她有一只非常友好的狗。
这些例子展示了不同类型的定语从句的翻译。
定语从句汉译英翻译
定语从句句型练习1.正在和汤姆说话的人是约翰。
2.你正在找的那位医生在房间里。
4.这是你想要的那本书。
5.我不能忘记在北京居住的那些日子。
6.这是我住了5年的房子。
7.这就是我为什么迟到的原因。
9.正在树下读书的那个女骇是我妹妹。
10.玛莉正在照看的那个小骇是汤姆。
12.这是我为什么不喜欢他的原因。
13.你认识那个叫做汤姆的人吗？16.我想见一见你刚才谈起的人。
17.一周前丢失的那只山羊找到了。
21.你知道电影的开始时间吗？23.昨晚我们看的那场电影太好了。
1.The boy who is talking with Tom is John.2.The doctor whom you are looking for is in the room .4.This is the book which you want .5.I can’t forget the days when I lived in Beijing .6.This is the house where I lived for five years .7.This is (the rea son) why I’m late .9.The girl who is reading under the tree is my sister .10.The boy whom Mary is looking after is Tom .12.This is (the reason) why I don’t like him .13.Do you know the man whose name is Tom .16.I want to see the man whom you talked of just now .17.The goat which was lost a week ago has been found .20.This is the only thing that we can do .21.Do you know the time when the film will begin ?23.The film which we saw yesterday evening was wonderful .。
英汉互译定语从句翻译
例2：This type of meter is called a multimeter, which is used to measure electricity.
这种仪表称为万用表，用来测量电流。
2. Combination
The sun, which had hidden all day, now came out in all its splendor. 整天躲在云层里的太阳 ，现在又光芒四射地露面 了。
污染是我们必须解决的一个迫切间题。 例2. July and August are the months when the weather is hot.
七八月是天气很热的月份。
Practice
In the room where the electronic computer is kept, there must be no dust at all. 在存放电子计算机的房间里，不能有一点灰尘。
大家学习辛苦了，还是要坚持
继续保持 安静
英汉定语结构的特点
英语
右开放结构
汉语
在封闭结构
Transaltion of Restrictive Attributive Clauses 限制性定语从句译法
1. Combination合并法
在句式较短的情况下，译成“……的”结构。 例1. Pollution is a pressing problem which we must deal with.
One time there was a violent thunderstorm，the worst I had ever seen, which obscured my objective. 有一次是暴风骤雨，猛烈的程度实为我平生所仅见。这场 暴风雨遮住了我的目标。
中英句子翻译-定语从句的翻译
中英句子翻译-定语从句的翻译中英句子翻译-定语从句的翻译定语从句的翻译1.将下列含有限制性定语从句的复合句译成汉语：1).Everythingthatisaroundusismatter.我们周围的一切都是物质人。
rgy.力存在的空间。
8).Thehousewhoseroofwasdamagedhasnowbeenrepaired.屋顶坏了的房子现在已经修好。
9).Shanghaiistheplacewherehewasborn.上海是他出生的地方。
10).Thepeoplewhoworkedforhimlivedinmortalfearofhim.在他手下工作的人对他怕的要死。
11).Theforcethatcauseseverythingtofalltowardthegroundiscalledgr avity.使所有物体落向地面的力称为重力。
12).Substanceswhichallowelectricitytoflowthroughfreelyarecalled他们17).Heunselfishlycontributedhisuncommontalentsandindefatigables pirittothestrugglewhichtodaybringsthoseaimswithinthereachofamaj orityofthehumanrace.他把自己非凡的才智和不倦的精力无私地献给了这种斗争，这种斗争今天以使人类中大多数人可以达到这些目标。
18).Hesaidtherewasneveranythinghappeninginhisfamilyhewasashamed of.他说他们家可从来没有出现过见不得人的事儿。
19).Thereisamandownstairswhowantstoseeyou.楼下有人要见你。
20).Therearesomecountriesintheworldwherethereislittlerainatanyt ime.世界上有些国家终年少雨。
英汉翻译(11)定语从句的翻译共25页
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26、要使整个人生都过得舒适、愉快，这是不可能的，因为人类必须具备一种能应付逆境的态度。——卢梭
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27、只有把抱怨环境的心情，化为上进的力量，知之者不如好之者，好之者不如乐之者。——孔子
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29、勇猛、大胆和坚定的决心能够抵得上武器的精良。——达·芬奇
英汉翻译(11)定语从句的翻译
11、用道德的示范来造就一个人，显然比用法律来约束他更有价值。—— 希腊
12、法律是无私的，对谁都一视同仁。在每件事上，她都不徇私情。—— 托马斯
13、公正的法律限制不了好的自由，因为好人不会去做法律不允许的事 情。——弗劳德
14、法律是为了保护无辜而制定的。——爱略特 15、像房子一样，法律和法律都是相互依存的。——伯克
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30、意志是一个强壮的盲人，倚靠在明眼的跛子肩上。——叔本华
谢谢！
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定语从句翻译
定语从句翻译1.那些在困境中的人应该得到我们的帮助。
(deserve)Those who are in trouble deserve our help.2.智商高的人未必情商高。
(necessarily)Those who have high IQ don’t necessarily have high EQ.3.只有勇敢面对挑战的人才有可能成功。
(only those)Only those who face the challenges bravely are likely to succeed.4.我发现很难与那些一贯固执己见的人合作。
(… it …)I find it (is) hard to cooperate with those who always stick to their own opinions.5.住惯了大城市的人均会喜欢住在没有噪音和人群的小镇上。
(free of)Those who are used to living in the city will all like to live in a small town free of noise and crowds.6.想报名参加课外辅导中学的学生，年龄必须在10-15岁之间。
(range)Those who want to enroll in the tutorial center must range in age from 10 to 15 years old.7.我觉得这本简易读物对学过两，三年的英语的人是很合适的。
(suitable)I find this simplified English book (is) suitable for those who have learned English for two or three years.8.人们普遍认为，不善于学习者就难以与时俱进。
(pace)It is generally believed that those who are not good at studies can hardly keep up with the pace of the time. 9.在日常生活中,我们不要与言而无信的人打交道。
中英句子翻译-定语从句的翻译
中英句子翻译-定语从句的翻译中英句子翻译-定语从句的翻译定语从句的翻译1.将下列含有限制性定语从句的复合句译成汉语：1).Everythingthatisaroundusismatter.我们周围的一切都是物质人。
rgy.力存在的空间。
8).Thehousewhoseroofwasdamagedhasnowbeenrepaired.屋顶坏了的房子现在已经修好。
9).Shanghaiistheplacewherehewasborn.上海是他出生的地方。
10).Thepeoplewhoworkedforhimlivedinmortalfearofhim.在他手下工作的人对他怕的要死。
11).Theforcethatcauseseverythingtofalltowardthegroundiscalledgr avity.使所有物体落向地面的力称为重力。
12).Substanceswhichallowelectricitytoflowthroughfreelyarecalled他们17).Heunselfishlycontributedhisuncommontalentsandindefatigables pirittothestrugglewhichtodaybringsthoseaimswithinthereachofamaj orityofthehumanrace.他把自己非凡的才智和不倦的精力无私地献给了这种斗争，这种斗争今天以使人类中大多数人可以达到这些目标。
18).Hesaidtherewasneveranythinghappeninginhisfamilyhewasashamed of.他说他们家可从来没有出现过见不得人的事儿。
19).Thereisamandownstairswhowantstoseeyou.楼下有人要见你。
20).Therearesomecountriesintheworldwherethereislittlerainatanyt ime.世界上有些国家终年少雨。
定语从句的翻译英汉翻译
前置法
• Such adjectives can hardly distort the reality which they concealed.
• 这种修辞改变不了它们掩盖 的事实。
• Every factory whose chimneys put off dirty and harmful smoke should do something to stop the pollution.
• 许多大学都配备了“闭路”电视设备，以 便为各个教室千百个学生进行电视讲授和 演示。
• We know that a cat, whose eyes can take in many more rays of light than our eyes, can see clearly in the night.
• 即将来临的经济危机似乎比 上一次周期性的经济萧条更 为严重，因为那次萧条没有 出现能源危机和核竞赛。
• My assistant, who had carefully read through the instructions before doing his experiment, could not obtain satisfactory results, because he followed them mechanically.
•
• 这个方案富有创意，独辟 蹊径，很有魄力，因此他 们都很喜欢。
• This is the very laser scalpel which he used to operate on a patient suffering from malignant tumor.
•
• 他就是用这把激光刀为一 位患恶性肿瘤的病人动手 术的。
中英句子翻译定语从句的翻译图文稿
中英句子翻译定语从句的翻译集团文件发布号：（9816-UATWW-MWUB-WUNN-INNUL-DQQTY-中英句子翻译-定语从句的翻译中英句子翻译-定语从句的翻译定语从句的翻译1.将下列含有限制性定语从句的复合句译成汉语：1). Everything that is around us is matter. 我们周围的一切都是物质2). He is the only one among us that knows French. 他是我们中唯一懂法语的人。
3). I know the reason why he came late. 我知道他来迟的原因。
4). Certain ideas, principles, and laws often form thefoundation on which other ideas, principles and laws of ascience are constructed. 一些思想、原则和法律往往会成为其他思想、原则和法律赖以形成的基础。
5). Stainless steels must contain a minimum of 10% chromium.This is the reason why they are stainless. 不锈钢至少要含有10%的铬，这就是不锈钢不生锈的原因。
6). Electrical energy that is supplied to a lamp can be turned into light energy. 供照明的电能可以转化为光能。
7). An electric field is a space where an electric force exists. 电场就是电力存在的空间。
8). The house whose roof was damaged has now been repaired. 屋顶坏了的房子现在已经修好。
定语从句例句带翻译
定语从句例句带翻译定语从句例句带翻译定语从句，一个简单句跟在一名词或代词后(先行词)进行修饰限定，就叫做定语从句。
在主句中充当定语成分。
以下是店铺整理的定语从句例句带翻译，欢迎阅读。
1.窗户朝南的那间房间是我的。
The room whose window faces south is mine.=The room of which the window faces south is mine.1. 整座城市躺在废墟中，其中百分子75的工厂和大楼消失不见了。
The whole city, 75% of whose factories and buildings were gone, lay in ruins.2. 我们公司有2000工人，三分之二是女工。
Our company has 2000 workers, of whom two thirds/ two thirds of whom are women.3. 那些被困在废墟里的人已经得救了。
Those who were trapped under the ruins finally got rescued.4. 你们刚才谈论的那场地震好可怕呀!The earthquake that you were talking about sounded frightening/shocking.=The earthquake about which you were talking sounded frightening.5. 我的家人都是音乐爱好者，今晚将去看电影。
My family, all of whom are music lovers, are going to the movie tonight.6. 我们正在看的这幢大楼过去曾经是一家医院。
The building which we are looking at used to be a hospital.7. 约翰向母亲说起过把他在国外见过的人和城市。
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中英句子翻译-定语从句的翻译中英句子翻译-定语从句的翻译定语从句的翻译1.将下列含有限制性定语从句的复合句译成汉语：1). Everything that is around us is matter. 我们周围的一切都是物质2). He is the only one among us that knows French. 他是我们中唯一懂法语的人。
3). I know the reason why he came late. 我知道他来迟的原因。
4). Certain ideas, principles, and laws often form the foundation on which other ideas, principles and laws of a science are constructed. 一些思想、原则和法律往往会成为其他思想、原则和法律赖以形成的基础。
5). Stainless steels must contain a minimum of 10% chromium. This is the reason why they are stainless. 不锈钢至少要含有10%的铬，这就是不锈钢不生锈的原因。
6). Electrical energy that is supplied to a lamp can be turned into light energy. 供照明的电能可以转化为光能。
7). An electric field is a space where an electric force exists. 电场就是电力存在的空间。
8). The house whose roof was damaged has now been repaired.屋顶坏了的房子现在已经修好。
9). Shanghai is the place where he was born. 上海是他出生的地方。
10). The people who worked for him lived in mortal fear of him. 在他手下工作的人对他怕的要死。
11). The force that causes everything to fall toward the ground is called gravity. 使所有物体落向地面的力称为重力。
12). Substances which allow electricity to flow through freely are called conductors. 电流能顺利通过的物体称为导体。
13). The car whose engine broke down was bought last month. 发动机坏掉的那辆车是上个月买的。
14). A rocket engine can work in space where there is no air. 火箭发动机能在没有空气的太空中工作。
15). We could not really feel satisfied, calm or in agreement with the situation with which we are faced at the beginning of this session of the General Assembly. 我们对本界联大开始时所面临的局势难以感到满意，也难以感到心安理得。
16). They are striving for the ideal which is close to the heart of every Chinese and for which, in the past, many Chinese have laid down their lives. 他们正在为实现一个理想而努力，这个理想是每个中国人所珍爱的，在过去，许多中国人曾为这个理想而牺牲了自己的生命。
17). He unselfishly contributed his uncommon talents and indefatigable spirit to the struggle which today brings those aims within the reach of a majority of the human race. 他把自己非凡的才智和不倦的精力无私地献给了这种斗争，这种斗争今天以使人类中大多数人可以达到这些目标。
18). He said there was never anything happening in his family he was ashamed of. 他说他们家可从来没有出现过见不得人的事儿。
19). There is a man downstairs who wants to see you. 楼下有人要见你。
20). There are some countries in the world where there is little rain at any time.世界上有些国家终年少雨。
2.将下列含有非限制性定语从句的复合句译成汉语：1). Silver is a conductor, which allows electric current to flow easily. 银是一种导体，它可以让电流很容易地通过。
2). Days and nights are very long on the moon, where one day is as long as two weeks on the earth. 月球上的白天和黑夜都相当长，那里的一天等于地球上的两周。
3). Metals are very strong and can be made into any required shapes, which makes it possible to be widely used in industry.金属坚硬，又可加工成任何所需的形状，这使它能在工业上得以广泛应用。
4). Transistors, which are small in size, can make previously large and bulky radios light and small. 体积小的晶体管使先前那种大而苯的收音机变得既轻又小。
（前置）5). He liked his sister, who was warm and pleasant, but he did not like his brother, who was aloof and arrogant. 他喜欢热情愉快的妹妹，而不喜欢冷漠高傲的哥哥。
（前置）6). You can break up a beam of incoherent light with a prism, which is made of glass. 你能用玻璃制的棱镜分解一束非相干光。
（前置）7). Mr Smith, who came to see me yesterday, is a relative of my wife’s. 史密斯先生昨天来看过我，他是我妻子的亲戚。
（独立句）8). Machine tools have various uses, one of which is to make holes in metal. 机床有多种用途，其中之一是在金属上钻孔。
（后置）9). After dinner, four key negotiators resumed their talks, which continued well into the night. 饭后，四个主要谈判人物再继续进行会谈，一直谈到深夜。
10). Like charges repel, but opposite ones attract, which is one of the fundamental laws of electricity. 同性电荷相斥，异性电荷相吸，这是电的基本法则之一11). She has two brothers, who are both doctors. 她有两个兄弟。
他们都是医生。
（独立句）12). We will put off the party until next week, when wewon’t be so busy. 我们把聚会推迟到下星期。
那时我们不会这样忙。
（独立句）13). Semi–conductor is a new kind of material, which has found a wide use in electronic industry. 半导体是一种新型材料，已广泛应用于电子工业。
14). There are some new terms in the article, the meanings of which may be difficult to the students. 这篇文章中有些新的术语，它们的意思可能使学生感到困难。
15). Galileo, who made the first telescope, died in 1624. 伽利略死于1642年，他制造了第一架望远镜。
16). The most important form of energy is electric energy, which is widely used in our daily life. 电能是最重要的能量形式，它广泛用于我们的日常生活中。
17). Burgess and Richard Hoagland contacted Carl Sagan, who greeted the idea enthusiastically. 伯吉斯和理查德.霍格兰同卡尔.萨根取得了联系，卡尔满腔热情地接受了这个想法。
18). He had talked to Nixon, who assured him that everything that could be done would be done. 他和尼克松谈过话。
尼克松向他保证，凡是能够做到的都会竭尽全力去做。
19). Once was a violent thunderstorm, the worst I had ever seen, which obscured my objective. 有一次是暴风骤雨，是我平生见到最猛烈的。