大学英语语法 主谓一致
英语中主谓一致知识点总结
英语中主谓一致知识点总结主谓一致是指主语与谓语在人称和数上保持一致的规则。
下面是一些主谓一致的知识点总结:一般情况下,主谓在人称和数上保持一致。
即,单数主语使用单数谓语动词,而复数主语使用复数谓语动词。
例子:He runs every morning. (他每天早上跑步。
)They run every morning. (他们每天早上跑步。
)若主语为第三人称单数形式,谓语动词要加上“-s”或者“-es”。
例子:He speaks English fluently. (他英语讲得很流利。
)She studies math every day. (她每天都学数学。
)若主语为第一人称复数或第二人称复数形式,谓语动词不加“-s”。
例子:We like to play soccer. (我们喜欢踢足球。
)You have to finish your homework. (你们必须完成作业。
)若主语为集体名词,根据语境决定是否使用单数或复数形式的谓语动词。
例子:The team is practicing for the game. (队伍正在为比赛进行练习。
)The team are having a meeting before the game. (队伍在比赛前开会。
)若主语为连接词(如and, or, neither...nor, either...or),谓语动词的形式要根据最接近的主语决定。
例子:John and Mary are siblings. (约翰和玛丽是兄妹。
)Neither the book nor the movie is interesting. (这本书和电影都不有趣。
)需要注意的是,有些名词,尽管是复数形式,但是在表示某个整体的时候可以当作单数,所以用单数谓语动词。
例子:My pants is too tight. (我的裤子太紧。
)Physics is a difficult subject. (物理是一个难的学科。
大学英语语法主谓一致 (1)
个性化教学辅导教案学员姓名:任课教师:黄老师所授科目:__英语___4、either, neither, each, every 或no +单数名词和由some, any, no, every构成的复合不定代词,都作单数看待。
如:Each of us has a new book. / Everything around us is matter.注意:①在口语中当either或neither后跟有“of+复数名词(或代词)”作主语时,其谓语动词也可用复数。
如:Neither of the texts is (are) interesting. ②若none of后面的名词是不可数名词,它的谓语动词就要用单数;若它后面的名词是复数,它的谓语动词用单数或复数都可以。
如:None of us has (have) been to America.5、在定语从句时,关系代词that, who, which等作主语时,其谓语动词的数应与句中先行词的数一致。
如:He is one of my friends who are working hard. / He is the only one of my friends who is working hard.6、如果集体名词指的是整个集体,它的谓语动词用单数;如果它指集体的成员,其谓语动词就用复数形式。
这些词有family, class, crowd, committee, population, audience等。
如:Class Four is on the third floor. / Class Four are unable to agree upon a monitor.注意:people, police, cattle等名词一般都用作复数。
如:The police are looking for the lost child.7、由“a lot of, lots of, plenty of, the rest of, the majority of + 名词”构成的短语以及由“分数或百分数+名词”构成的短语作主语,其谓语动词的数要根据短语中后面名词的数而定。
(完整版)英语语法主谓一致
1.主谓一致是指英语中谓语在人称、数及意义方面要与作主语的名词或代词一致。
2.主谓一致分为语法一致、意义一致、就近一致。
(1)语法一致原则:主语和谓语在语法形式上保持一致。
主语为单数,谓语用单数;主语为复数,谓语用复数。
I often help him and he often helps me.(2)意义一致原则:主语和谓语在意义上单复数一致。
主语为单数,谓语用单数;主语为复数,谓语用复数。
The police are searching the woods for the murderer.(3)就近一直原则:当主语有两个或两个以上时,谓语动词由靠近它的主语确定。
并列主语的谓语一致1.And(1)两个单数名词用and连接,表示不同概念时,谓语用发复数。
Tom and Jack are close friends.(2)两个单数名词用and连接,表示同一歌人、同一个物,同一个概念,或表示不可分割的整体时,谓语用单数。
The singer and dancer is to attend our evening party.(3)被every,each,many a,no等限定的单数名词由and连接时,谓语仍用单数,其中,后一个限定词可以省略。
every ……and ……every,each……and……each,no……and……no, many a……and……many a。
Each boy and (each) girl has an apple.(4)一个单数名词被几个用and连接的并列形容词修饰时,可以指一件事或几件事,这种名词作主语,要根据意义一致的原则决定单复数。
Simple and plain living is a fine quality.生活简朴一种优良品质。
Ancient and modern history are the subjects we are studying.(5)由and连接的两个what的从句作主语时,要根据意义一致的原则决定单复数What he says and does do not agree.(言行不一致)What he says and does does not concern me.2.由either or, neither nor, not but, not only but also,or, nor连接的并列主语,谓语动词常和邻近的主语一致。
英语语法之主谓一致
主谓一致主谓一致是指:1)语法形式上要一致,即单复数形式与谓语要一致;2)意义上要一致,即主语意义上的单复数要与谓语的单复数形式一致;3)就近原则,即谓语动词的单复形式取决于最靠近它的词语。
一般来说,不可数名词用动词单数,可数名词复数用动词复数,但当不可数名词前有表示数量的复数名词时,谓语动词用复数形式。
一、并列结构作主语时的主谓一致并列结构作主语时谓语用复数,但是当主语由and连结时,如果它表示一个单一的概念,即指同一人或同一物时,谓语动词用单数,and 此时连接的两个词前只有一个冠词。
同时,如果and连接的两个单数名词前若用each,every,no修饰,该名词短语作主语时,谓语动词也要用单数形式。
e.g. I) To mean to do something and to actually do something are two separate things.想干一件事和真干一件事是两回事。
II) The food and the textile industry depend mainly on agriculture for raw material.粮食工业和纺织工业主要靠农业提供原料。
III) The iron and steel industry is very important to our national economy.钢铁工业在国民经济中起重要作用。
IV) No book and on pencils found in the schoolbag.书包里没有书和钢笔。
二、主谓一致中的就近原则1.当there be句型的主语是一系列事物时,谓语应与最邻近的主语保持一致。
e.g. I) There is a teacher and some students in the classroom.教室里有一名老师和一些学生。
II) There are four books and a pencil box in his bag.在他的包里有四本书和一个铅笔盒。
主谓一致的原则
主谓一致的原则主谓一致是英语语法中的基本原则之一,指的是主语和谓语在人称和数上要保持一致。
主谓一致的正确运用能够使句子表达更加准确,符合语言规范。
本文将详细介绍主谓一致的原则,并通过一些例子来加深理解。
一、基本原则在英语句子中,主语和谓语之间必须保持一致,具体包括以下几个方面:1. 人称一致:主语是第一人称(I、we)、第二人称(you)或第三人称(he、she、it、they)时,谓语动词的形式必须与之一致。
例如:- I am a student.(我是一名学生。
)- He sings beautifully.(他唱得很美。
)2. 数一致:主语是单数形式时,谓语动词的形式也要用单数;主语是复数形式时,谓语动词的形式也要用复数。
例如:- The dog barks loudly.(这只狗叫得很大声。
)- The birds are chirping.(鸟儿正在鸣叫。
)3. 特殊情况:有些特殊情况下,主谓一致的原则会有一些变化。
例如:- 不定代词:somebody, anybody, nobody, everybody等当作主语时,谓语动词形式使用第三人称单数形式。
例如:Nobody wants to go with me.(没有人想和我一起去。
)- 连接词:and连接的主语,如果表示同一个人或物时,谓语动词的形式使用第三人称单数形式;如果表示不同的人或物时,谓语动词的形式使用第三人称复数形式。
例如:Tom and Jerry is a famous cartoon.(汤姆和杰瑞是一部著名的卡通片。
)The boys and girls are playing in the park.(男孩和女孩们正在公园里玩耍。
)二、例题分析为了更好地理解主谓一致原则,以下通过一些例题来进行详细分析。
例题1:The team _____ working on the project.(be)在这个例句中,主语是"the team",是单数形式,因此谓语动词的形式应该使用单数,填入be的单数形式"is",句子变为:"The team is working on the project."例题2:He and his friends _____ going to the concert.(be)在这个例句中,主语是"he and his friends",表示多个人,因此谓语动词的形式应该使用复数,填入be的复数形式"are",句子变为:"He and his friends are going to the concert."例题3:One of the students _____ the exam.(fail)在这个例句中,主语是"one of the students",表示多个学生中的一个,因此谓语动词的形式应该使用第三人称单数,填入fail的第三人称单数形式"fails",句子变为:"One of the students fails the exam."三、常见错误在使用主谓一致时,常见的错误包括以下几种:1. 混淆主谓的人称和数:主语与谓语之间的人称和数要保持一致,不可以混淆。
英语主谓一致十大总结
英语主谓一致十大总结主语和谓语在人称和数上保持一致遵循三个基本原则:语法一致,意义一致,就近原则。
语法一致:主语为单数形式,谓语动词也用单数形式;主语为复数形式,谓语动词也用复数形式。
意义一致:主语形式上是单数,但表达复数意义,那么谓语动词要用复数形式;或者主语形式上是复数,但表达单数意义,那么谓语动词要用单数形式;就近原则:谓语动词的人称和数由最靠近它的主语决定。
一、谓语用单数形式:1 可数名词单数及不可数名词作主语,谓语动词用单数。
2 “more than one+单数名词”作主语,谓语动词用单数。
3 “a/an+单数名词+or two”作主语,谓语动词用单数。
4 “many a+单数名词”作主语,谓语动词用单数。
5 某些以-s结尾的单数名词如news,physics,works,maths等作主语,谓语动词用单数。
6 主语从句、动词不定式、动词-ing形式作主语,谓语动词用单数。
7 若and连接的两个词是指同一个人、同一个事物或概念时,谓语动词用单数。
8 两个单数名词用and连接表示不可分的整体,作主语,谓语动词用单数。
9 不定代词作主语时,谓语动词用单数。
10 Each,either,another,the other,(a)little或much作主语或修饰主语时,谓语动词用单数。
11 表示时间、距离、价格、度量衡的复数名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数。
12 运算数词作主语时,谓语动词用单数。
13 表示数量的“one and a half+复数名词”作主语时,谓语动词用单数14 在each...and each,every...and every, no...and no, many a...and many a等由and连接并列单数主语的结构中,谓语动词用单数。
二、谓语动词用复数1 表示总称意义的名词如people,police,cattle,crew,clothes等作主语时,谓语动词用复数。
大学英语中的语法规则问题(经典题型归纳)
大学英语中的语法规则问题(经典题型归纳)本文旨在归纳和探讨大学英语中常见的语法规则问题,以帮助研究者更好地掌握英语语法知识。
一、主谓一致主谓一致是大学英语语法中的基础知识,也是容易出错的地方之一。
它要求主语和谓语在人称和数上保持一致。
常见错误包括主谓不一致、主谓语序颠倒等。
二、冠词用法冠词在英语语法中起到限定名词的作用,分为不定冠词a/an和定冠词the。
研究者常常会在使用冠词时犯错误,如误用不定冠词前加上限定词或误用定冠词。
因此,理解和掌握冠词的用法对于正确使用英语语法是至关重要的。
三、时态和语态时态和语态是表达动作发生时间和动作主体之间关系的语法要素。
研究者在使用时态和语态时容易混淆,如误用过去时代替现在时、被动语态的使用不当等。
正确运用时态和语态有助于提高语言表达的准确性和流畅度。
四、名词性从句名词性从句在句子中起到名词的作用,常见的名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句和表语从句。
研究者在使用名词性从句时常常出现语序混乱、结构错误等问题。
了解名词性从句的特点和用法是理解和使用英语语法的关键。
五、定语从句定语从句用来修饰名词,并限定名词的相关信息。
研究者在使用定语从句时容易出现关系词的错误选择、句子结构不完整等问题。
掌握定语从句的用法和相关的关系词是使用英语语法的重要一环。
六、虚拟语气虚拟语气用来表示与事实相反的假设、愿望、建议等情况。
研究者常常在使用虚拟语气时出现时态错误、语气混乱等问题。
了解虚拟语气的表达方式和在句子中的具体运用是正确运用虚拟语气的前提。
七、介词和动词短语介词和动词短语在句子中充当特定的逻辑关系和语义功能。
研究者常常在使用介词和动词短语时出现搭配错误、错误使用介词等问题。
正确理解和使用介词和动词短语有助于提高语言表达的准确性和地道性。
八、句子结构和连词句子结构和连词是句子中不可忽视的语法要素,它们决定了句子的逻辑关系和语义连接。
研究者常常在句子结构和连词的使用上存在缺失、使用错误等问题。
主谓一致总结
主谓一致:主语和谓语动词之间,即主语的人称和单复数形式决定着谓语动词对应的形式。
主谓一致主要有以下几种情况:语法一致原则1. and连接两个或两个以上单数名词或者代词作主语的时候,谓语动词有以下两种情况:(1) 如果指两个或两个以上不同的人或事物的时候,谓语动词用复数。
如:He and I are both students of this school. 我和他都是这个学校的学生。
(2) 但如果连接两个以上的名词指的是同一个人或物, 或指同一概念时, 谓语要用单数。
The singer and dancer is going to give us a performance.那歌唱家兼舞蹈演员给我们表演。
The knife and fork is on the table. 刀叉在桌子上。
2. 如果主语是不定式, 动词ing形式或主语从句的时候,谓语动词用单数。
What he is doing seems very important. 他正在做的事情看起来很重要。
Collecting stamps is his hobby. 收集邮票是他的爱好。
3. 定语从句关系代词who, which, that在从句中作主语,要与先行词的人称和数保持一致。
Those who enjoy singing may join us.Tom, who is your friend, should help you.4. with, along with, together with, as well as, besides, like, without, except, but, including 如果句子中有这些连接词和主语连用,谓语动词的数随主语的变化而变化。
例如:The teacher, together with his students, is planting trees in the street.Mary, like many girls, loves dancing. 玛丽和其他女孩一样喜欢跳舞。
大学英语语法规则记忆口诀
大学英语语法规则记忆口诀
1. 主谓一致
一主一谓不冲突,
复数主语用复数谓;
主语为单数谓不变,
助动词后面非要求。
2. 形容词和副词
形容词修饰名词来,
副词修饰动词皆可用;
形容词后面加名词,
副词来修饰动词行。
3. 时态和语态
过去现在将来时,
合适时态运用提;
主动被动口诀混,
加“ed”和done使句完。
4. 名词性从句
连接代词和连接词,
主语宾语和表语分;
她它一切关系词,
引导从句作句成。
5. 虚拟语气
与事实相反用虚拟,
与现在有关用现在虚;
与将来相反将来虚,
用过去变化亦通用。
6. 并列连接
and还有both,also,too,not only either用来扩;
or连接两项进行选,
but与however转折用。
7. 介词短语
介词加名词构介短,
修饰名词动词可用;在句首意义强烈,
句中后面也很好。
8. 定语从句
引导定语从句来说明,关系代词关系副词用;先行词前面放从句,修饰名词常表情绪。
9. 被动语态
被动口诀记心头,
及物动词后加宾语;情态动词也可拙,
不能忘记加“be”。
10. 句子类型
各种句子类型梳理清,陈述疑问祈使感叹;标点符号要准确,
语气调调把握好。
以上是一些大学英语语法规则的记忆口诀,希望对您有所帮助。
英语中的主谓一致 详解
主谓一致1.语法一致原则用作主语的名词词组中心词和谓语动词在单、复数形式上的一致,就是语法一致。
也就是说,如果名词词组中心词是单数,动词用单数形式;如果名词词组中心词是复数,动词用复数形式。
如果一个不可数名词、一个动名词、一个不定式或一个从句作主语,谓语就用单数;如果两个不可数名词、两个动名词、两个不定式或两个从句作主语(不是指同一个事物),谓语就用复数。
1)主语中心词后面有表示“增、减、补充说明”的词组时,主谓一致仍看原中心词;A.表示增加的: as well as, with, along with, together with, in addition to, accompanied by, besides, plus等;The man together with his wife and children sits on the sofa watching TV.B.表示减去的: except, but(除去)等;All the students except Tom have been to America.C.表示补充说明的: including, rather than, like, such as等;The textbook, plus its reference books, is well designed.2)单个从句、动名词、不定式作主语时,谓语动词用单数;两个或两个以上从句、动名词、不定式作主语时,谓语动词用复数。
但指同一事时,谓语动词用单数。
How close parents are to their children is a strong influence on the character of the children.When we are to hold the sports meet hasn’t been decided.When we go to Beijing and how we go to Beijing is up to you.Whether he succeeds or fails doesn’t matter.That they were wrong in these matters is now clear to us all.Looking afer the children is my full time job.To die for the people is a worhy death.When and where to hold the meeting is unknown. Playing bakeball and swimming are his favorite sports.3) this kind of与名词+of this kind由a kind of,this kind of, many kinds of后跟名词作主语时,谓语要和kind保持一致。
主谓一致详解及考点分析【附同步习题及答案】!!!
主谓一致详解及考点分析一、原则主谓一致是指谓语动词与主语在人称和数上保持一致,必须遵循三原则:1. 语法一致原则:主语是单数,谓语用单数形式;主语是复数,谓语用复数形式。
Tom is a good student.He often plays football on the playground.2. 意义一致:①主语形式上为单数,但意义为复数,所以谓语动词用复数形。
(people, police, cattle)My family are having lunch now.②主语形式上为复数,但表示单数意义,所以谓语动词用单数形式。
(news,physics,polit ics, economics)Twenty dollars is too expensive for the book.3. 就近一致:指谓语动词的形式,取决于最靠近他的主语。
(or,either…or, neither…not, not only…but also)Not only the teacher but also his students like playing football。
二、考点(一)and 并列两名词作主语。
1、Swimming and walking are good exercises.2、The writer and teacher is coming. 那位作家兼教师来了(一个人)。
The writer and the teacher are coming. 作家和老师来了(两个人)。
3、Each man and (each)woman is asked to help.【注意】主语被no, each(of), every,many a,more than one修饰时,谓语用单数4、Smoke and fog is bad for us.A kinfe and fork is on the table(heart and soul 全心全意/bread and butter 面包奶油)5、The teacher (as well as the students )was reading in the library.as well as, as much as, no less than,A along with, with, like, rather than, together with, Bbut, except, besides, including, in addition to【巩固】1.Trees and flowers ________every year to make our country more beautiful. [陕西省]A. is plantedB. was plantedC. are plantedD. were planted2.A library with five thousand books ____to the nation as a gift.A.is offered B.has offered C.are offered D.have offered 3.When and where to build the new factory _________.A.is not decided B.are not decided C.has not decided D.have not decided4 (吉林市中考试题) Neither my father ________ going to see the patient.A. nor I amB. nor I areC. or me areD. or me is5. ______ Helen ______ Joan speaks beautiful Chinese after they came to China.A. Neither; norB. Not only; but alsoC. Both; andD. A and B6. _______ of them has his own opinion.A. BothB. SomeC. EveryD. Each7. The old man has two children but _____ of them lives with him.A. bothB. noneC. neitherD. all8. Our knowledge of computer _____ growing all the time.A. beB. isC. areD. were9. Everyone except Tom and John _____ there when the meeting began.A. isB. wasC. areD. wereA. areB. isC. haveD. were15. There _____ a lot of good news in today’s newspaper.A. isB. areC. wasD. were(二)以S结尾的名词作主语1、The maths is difficult to learn.(physics,politics, economics,plastics等表示学科的名词作主语,谓语动词用单数)2、This means has been tried. (such a,this,that,every)These means have been tried,(all,such,these,those)3、The chemical works was set up in 1980.These chemical works were set up in 1980.The defence works are strong.【小结】work :①工作(不可数)②作品,著作(可数,谓语多用复数)③工厂works (谓语多用单数)④工事(谓语多用复数)4、No news is good news5、My shoes are new. (glasses, clothes, trousers, shoes, chopsticks, scissors)♥ A pair of shoes is there. (a kind of, a pair of , a series of修饰时谓语动词用单数) (三)Sheep are gentle.单复数同行的名词作主语,谓语一般用复数。
完整版)主谓一致详解超详细
完整版)主谓一致详解超详细1、形式一致当主语为复数时,谓语动词也应该使用复数形式,当主语为单数时,谓语动词也应该使用单数形式。
2、语意一致在使用谓语动词时,需要考虑名词词组中心词的单复数形式,以及集合名词、不定式、现在分词和从句作主语时的单复数形式。
例如:正确:Twenty-five dollars is too much to pay for that shirt.改写:That XXX.正确:Roots was a novel about a slave family.改写:The novel Roots told the story of a slave family.正确:My luggage was sent by air.改写:I sent my luggage by air.正确:Playing with fire is XXX.改写:It XXX to play with fire.His XXX。
It is important to note that when referring to a setof clothing。
we use "a suit of clothes." Clothes cannot be usedwith an XXX。
when referring to a piece of work。
we use "a work" for one and "two works" for two.In cases where phrases such as "some of。
plenty of。
a lot of。
lots of。
most of。
the rest of。
all of。
half of。
part of。
the remainder of。
or a n/percentage + of + noun" are used as the subject。
英语语法主谓一致大学英语专业
Neither you nor I am fit for the work.
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Are neither you nor I fit for the work?
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当主语后面跟有由as much as, rather than, more than, no less than等引导的从属结构时,随后的形式依主语本身的单复数而定。
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Many a man and woman in this community finds himself of herself in need.
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Each boy and each girl has been invited to the tea-party.
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在由not…but…, not only…but also, or…, either…or…, neither…nor等连接的并列主语中,谓语动词应该和接近它的主语相一致。
如: Either your students or Mr. Wang knows this.
比较:Either Mr. Wang or your students know this.
1
2
3
1
当主语表示确定数量的名词词组并由“one in/ one out of+ 复数名词” 构成,在正式语体中,动词用单数;在非正式语体中,动词也可按“就近原则” 用复数。
通常作复数,用复数动词。如:
Domestic cattle (家畜)provide us with milk, beef and hides(皮革).
通常作不可数名词的集体名词
有些集体名词,如 machinery [məˈʃi:nəri](机器), equipment, furniture, merchandise [ˈmə:tʃəndaiz] (商品、货物),通常作不可数名词,随后的动词用单数。
什么是英语中的主谓一致
什么是英语中的主谓一致英语中的主谓一致指的是句子中的主语与谓语在人称和数上保持一致。
在英语语法中,主语的人称和数应与谓语的人称和数相匹配,以确保句子的结构正确和语义清晰。
主谓一致是英语语法中的基本规则之一,它对于正确表达意思和避免语法错误非常重要。
在英语句子中,主谓一致的主要规则如下:1. 一般情况下,在单数形式的主语前使用单数形式的谓语动词,而在复数形式的主语前使用复数形式的谓语动词。
例如:- He walks to school every day.(他每天步行上学。
)- They walk to school every day.(他们每天步行上学。
)2. 当主语是第三人称单数时,谓语动词要加上“-s”或“-es”。
例如:- She reads a book.(她在读一本书。
)- The cat sits on the mat.(猫坐在地毯上。
)3. 当主语是以“-s”、“-x”、“-z”、“-o”结尾的名词时,谓语动词不需要添加“-s”。
例如:- The bus stops here.(公共汽车在这里停车。
)- The box contains books.(盒子里装着书。
)4. 当主语是不可数名词时,谓语动词使用单数形式。
例如:- Water is essential for life.(水对于生命是必不可少的。
)- Music brings joy to people.(音乐给人们带来快乐。
)5. 当主语是复合主语,且由and连接时,谓语动词使用复数形式。
例如:- Tom and Jerry are good friends.(汤姆和杰瑞是好朋友。
)6. 当主语是复合主语,且由or、nor连接时,谓语动词与最接近的主语保持一致。
例如:- Either John or his brothers are responsible for the mess.(要么是约翰,要么是他的兄弟们对这个乱糟糟的地方负责。
大学英语语法应用教程-一致(Agreement)
句法概论(The Structure of the English Grammar)
④ 单复数同形的名词作主语时,谓语动词的单数形式要根据句义来决定。例如: —Every means has been tried. 每种方法都试过了。
Various means of transport are introduced in this article. 这篇文章介绍了各种各样的交通方式。 —A lodging is easy to find. 找个住处很容易。
Some lodgings are for rent. 有些住所可以出租。 —This species of rose is very curious. 这种玫瑰花很奇特。 There are already 137 species of butterflies known in the world today. 现在世界上已经发现了137个种类的蝴蝶。 常见的这类名词有aircraft, deer, fish, means等。 (4) 表示国家的人民及国家的语言的名词作主语时,指人民时接复数谓语,指语言时接单数谓语。例如: Chinese is a very difficult language. (汉语这种语言) The Chinese are kind and warm-hearted. (泛指中国人)
句法概论(The Structure of the English Grammar)
(3) 表示数量的one and a half 后面一般接复数名词,用作主语时谓语动词用单数形式。例如: One and a half dollars was spent on sugar. 花了1.5美元买糖了。 A year and a half has passed. 一年半时间已经过去了。 (4) “a series of, a portion of, a species of, a piece of 等 + 名词(单数或复数)”作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。例 如: A series of lectures on American Literature is said to be given by Prof. Brown. 据说布朗教授将要作一系列关于美 国文学的讲座。 A large portion of her poems was published after her death. 她的大部分诗作是在她死后出版的。 (5) little, much, a little, only a little, quite a little, much more, a great deal of, a large amount of, a quantity of + 名词,由于这些短语只能修饰不可数名词,因此其后的谓语动词用单数形式。例如: A large amount of money is spent on the project. 这项工程耗费了巨额资金。 (6) 当名词被every, each, no等词修饰时,谓语动词用单数形式。例如: Each boy and each girl wants to serve the people in future. 每个男孩和女孩都想在将来服务于人民。 In our country every boy and every girl has the right to receive education. 在我国,男孩和女孩都有接受教育的权 力。
英语中的主谓一致
英语中的主谓一致-CAL-FENGHAI.-(YICAI)-Company One1英语主谓一致一般说来,谓语必须与主语在人称和数上保持一致,即主谓一致。
主谓一致涉及三个方面:语法上一致,意义上一致,就近一致。
一、语法上一致1 不可数名词、动名词、不定式、从句等做主语时,谓语通常用单数。
Much milk is offered to him. Reading aloud is very important in learning English.To nod one’s head means agreement. What they said is true.2 and连接主语时,注意以下几点:1)由and, both…and 连接两个单数名词谓语用复数,但当and连接的两个名词指同一个人,同一物,同一事,同一概念时谓语用单数。
Both bread and butter were served for breakfast in this hotel.The teacher and writer is going to give us a talk.2) 凡是由each…and each…,every…and every… ,no…and no…, many a… and many a…连接名词作主语时谓语用单数。
Each man and each woman has a chance to be raised in our company.No boy and no girl doesn’t go to school at the age of seven in this village.3) 由and 连接的前置并列修饰语+不可数名词做主语时,谓语用复数。
Good and bad meat in the market are sold out.4) 不可数名词+并列修饰语作主语时,谓语用单数。
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2.2 Problems of concord with nouns ending in–s
4. Other nouns ending in –s 2) Nouns usually taking plural endings: plural archives, arms, clothes, contents, eaves, fireworks, goods, minutes, morals, remains, stairs, suburbs, thanks, wages 3) Nouns ending in -ings: plural clippings, diggings, earnings, filings, lodgings, surroundings, sweepings
5. The police ____ are looking for the missing child.
6. His family ____ is a great one. 7. His family ____ are all music lovers. 8. Not every means ____ is useful. are useful. 9. Not all means ____ 10. It was late, but the audience was ____ increasing. 11. The audience ______ were all moved to tears.
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3.1 Problems of concord with a coordinate subject
2. a kind / sort / type of , this kind / sort / type of之后 通常跟单数或不可数名词,动词用单数 This kind of man annoys me. 这样的结构中,通常不用复数名词,通常不说 this kind of roses, 如果要用复数,就得说: Roses of this kind are very sweet. 出现在these kinds of, many / several kinds of 之后 的名词,既可以是单数或不可数名词,也可以是 复数名词,动词都用复数。 在非正式语体中,还常见“these/ those kind of + 复数名词”的结构,其后动词用复数。
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2.3 Problems of concord with collective nouns as subject
1. Collective nouns usually used as plural police, people, militia, cattle, poultry, vermin 2. Collective nouns usually used as singular foliage, machinery, equipment, furniture, merchandise, clothing, jewellery, baggage 3. Collective nouns used either as singular or as plural audience, committee, class, crew, family, government, public 4. a committee of, etc + plural noun
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3.1 Problems of concord with a coordinate subject
3. Subject + as much as etc If a subject is followed by a noun phrase introduced by “as well as, rather than, more than, no less than”, the predicate verb is determined by the subject itself. eg: Some of the workers as much as the manager were responsible for the loss. His brother rather than his parents is to blame.
Subject-verb Concord
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is enough for me to finish 1. Two hours ____ the work. is badly needed in this flooded area. 2. Clothing __
3. “News of victories _____ keeps (keep) pouring in as our army advances.” he said. 4. Great Expectations ____ was written by Charles Dickens in 1860.
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3.1 Problems of concord with a coordinate subject
1. Coordination with “and ” and “both…and” 1) Coordination that is singular in form but plural in concept is treated as plural. eg: Good and bad tasted are inculcated by example. What I say and think are no business of yours.
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2.2 Problems of concord with nouns ending in–s
2. Subject names ending in –ics: singular physics, mathematics, mechanics, optics, acoustics, politics, statistics, economics, linguistics, athletics, tactics But some such nouns are treated as plural when used in ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้ther senses than subject names. eg: Economics is a required course for all the students. The economics of the project is still being considered.
2.2 Problems of concord with nouns ending in–s
1. Disease and game names: singular Diseases: arthritis, bronchitis, rickets, mumps, diabetes Exceptions: measles, rickets: either singular or plural Games: darts, marbles Exception: cards: plural But when darts and marbles are used to refer to the physical objects, they are plural nouns. eg. Marbles vary in kind and quality.
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2.2 Problems of concord with nouns ending in–s
4. Other nouns ending in –s 4) Nouns whose singular and plural number share the same form. They are treated as plural when used in the plural sense, or vice versa. barracks, headquarters, means, series, species, works eg: A new species of mammal has been found. Altogether, about 450 species of flatfish are known.
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2.2 Problems of concord with nouns ending in–s
3. Geographical names: plural the names of archipelagos, mountain ranges, straits and falls eg: The Himalayas have a magnificent variety of plant and animal life. Exceptions: country names are treated as singular eg: the United States, the Netherlands
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3.1 Problems of concord with a coordinate subject
1. Coordination with “and ” and “both…and” 2) If the noun phrases in a coordination by “and” have “each, every, or many a ” as determiner, it’s treated as singular. eg: Every boy and every girl in this room is entitled to a copy. Many a man and woman in this community finds himself or herself in need.
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3.1 Problems of concord with a coordinate subject