物流英语第一章参考答案
物流英语unit one(Logistics and Supply Chain)
• Text: Logistics and the Components of a Logistics System • Introduction Birth of logistics • The birth of logistics can be traced back to ancient war times of Greek and Roman empires when military officers titled as 'Logistikas' were assigned the duties of providing services related to supply and distribution of resources.
Packaging focuses on protecting the product while it is beቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱng shipped and stored. And it can also convey important Information to the customers.
Unit one
Logistics and Supply Chain
Part I Components of a Logistics System
• Lead In Do you know how roast ducks from Beijing appear in American supermarkets? And why people can buy French perfume in china?
What are the Components of Logistics?
• The activities related to logistics include: storage, inventory, packaging, materials handling, communication, site selection, transportation and so on. • More specifically, the logistics system consists of the following components (see Figure 1.1): Customer service, Inventory management, Transportation, Storage and materials handling, Packaging, Information processing, Demand forecasting, Production planning, Purchasing, Facility location and other activities.
自考物流英语重点(精简中)
物流英语（05362）第一单元-----物流概论（General introduction to logistics)一、试题第一部分：词汇与语法（单项选择）1、Managers mst establish and implement inventory plan on the basis of strategic considerations.(3星）管理者必须在战略考虑的基础上建立和实施库存计划。
四、汉译英1.物流管理的基本概念适用于所有私营企业和公用企业。
（concepts）The basic (基本)concepts（概念）of logistics management are applicable（适用）throughout private（私营）and public （公用）enterprise（企业）activities。
五、英语简答1、How many sectors of economic activities are involved in logistics?What are they?有多少部门经济活动参与物流?他们是什么? Generally there are eight economic sectors involved in logistics.They are packaging,warehousing,material handling,inventory,transport,forecasting,strategic planning and customer service.第二单元----一个重要因素（An important factor)一、词汇与语法（单项选择题）1、One of the key point in distribution of product is whether it is available where the customer wishes to consume it .(3星）产品配送中的一个关键点是客户希望消费的地方它是否可用。
物流英语text1 & text2
4. First, logistics is a process of “plan, implement, and control.” Of particular importance is the word “and”, which suggests that logistics should be involved in all three activities, planning, implementing, controlling—not just one or two. 首先，物流是“计划、执行与控制”的过程。
Demand forecasting
Demand forecasting refers to efforts to estimate product demand in a future time period.
Question: Why demand forecasting is important for a company?
Analysis of logistics definition(1)
logistics is a process of “plan, implement, and control”
That means—logistics should be involved in all three activities, planning, implementing, controlling—not just one or two.
Notes:
1. Logistics is a hot topic in China and the whole world. Although it is anything but a newborn baby, lots of people still have limited awareness of, and knowledge about logistics. 物流是一个中 国乃至全世界的热门话题。虽然它已经不是一个 新生事物了，但是不少人对物流的认识仍然有限。
《物流英语》第1阶段在线作业
一、单项选择题答题要求 :每题只有一个正确的选项。
1(5.0 分)0Because dead inventory increases inventory carrying cost, red uces inventory turnover and takes up space in warehousing f acility, companies should __________the size of dead inventory. A) reduce B) increase C) maximize D) minimize 参考答案： D收起解析 解析：无2(5.0 分)0Break-bulk cargo refers to general cargo that has been ______ ________in some ways with the use of bags, boxes or drums. A) weight B) packaged C) seal D) not packaged 参考答案： B收起解析 解析：无3(5.0 分)0Transportation refer to the physical movement of goods from point of _______to point of__________. A) start end B) market manufacture C) origin consumption D) here there 参考答案： C收起解析解析：无4(5.0 分)0Bulk cargo refers to freight, both dry or liquid, that is________ _______, such as minerals (oil, coal, iron ore) and grains. A) weight B) packaged C) seal D) not packaged 参考答案： D收起解析 解析：无5(5.0 分)0Demand forecasting refers to efforts to estimate product dem and in a ______time period. A) long B) short C) future D) long-term 参考答案： C收起解析 解析：无6(5.0 分)0Warehousing can be defined as the part of logistics systems that store products (raw materials, parts, goods-in-process, fin ished goods…) at and between points of ______to points of___ _________. A) start end B) market manufacture C) origin consumption D) here there 参考答案： C收起解析 解析：无7(5.0 分)0The increase of transit time for these inventories would lead to an_________ in the size of the transit inventory. A) decrease B) need C) increase D) reduction 参考答案： C收起解析 解析：无8(5.0 分)0Distribution centers emphasize the ____________movement of pr oducts through a facility. A) slow B) rapid C) large D) short- distance 参考答案： B收起解析 解析：无9(5.0 分)0________________ is usually considered as the cleanest among al l transportation modes. A) road transport B) water transport C) rail transport D) air transport 参考答案： B收起解析 解析：无10(5.0 分)0Air transportation is perceived as ___________ compared to the charges of land and ocean freight . A) cheap B) fast C) expensive D) reliability 参考答案： C收起解析 解析：无二、判断题答题要求 :判断下列说法是否正确。
《物流英语》习题及答案1
第1单元物流概述Part V Listening and Speaking2. R eading practice. Please listen carefully to the following sentences read by teacher and translate them out.1)Logistics must make-work effectively.物流必须使生产经营有效。
2)Systems should exist at the macro or corporate level and view.物流系统必须是宏观的，是站在公司全局立场的。
3)Service more than has to expedite a shipment.服务不仅仅是快速装运货物。
4)So in a military sense, the term( logistics ' organization, army replenishments and material maintenance. 就军事意识而言，物流管理一词意即运输编制、军队补给和物料保养。
5)The introduction of containers and the development of information technology have brought about the development and improvement of logistics ' activities.货柜的发明以及信息技术发达， 都从技术方面推动了物流活动的发展。
6)In other words, they are much more concerned with the flow of finished goods from the end of the production line to the customer.换句话说，公司更关注的是产成品从生产线到消费者手中的这一过程。
现代物流-英文版测试题-第一章物流概述精选全文完整版
可编辑修改精选全文完整版现代物流-英文版测试题-第一章物流概述TEST BANKCHAPTER 1: AN OVERVIEW OF LOGISTICSMultiple Choice Questions (correct answers are bolded)1.Logistics clearly contributes to ___________ and ___________ utility.a. time; placeb. form; timec. place; formd. possession; time[LO 1.1: T o discuss the economic impacts of logistics; Moderate; Application; AACSB Category 3: Analytical thinking]2.___________ utility refers to the value or usefulness that comes from a customer being ableto take possession of a product.a. Timeb. Placec. Formd. Possession[LO 1.1: To discuss the economic impacts of logistics; Easy; Concept; AACSB Category 3: Analytical thinking]3.___________ utility refers to having products available where they are needed by customers.a.Possessionb.Timec.Placed.Form[LO 1.1: To discuss the economic impacts of logistics; Easy; Concept; AACSB Category 3: Analytical thinking]4.All of the following are types of economic utility except:a.time.b.production.c.place.d.possession.[LO 1.1: T o discuss the economic impacts of logistics; Moderate; Synthesis; AACSB Category 3: Analytical thinking]5.“How well a company does what it says it’s going to do” represents ___________.a.efficiencyb.productivityc.qualityd.effectiveness[LO 1.2: To define what logistics is; Easy; Concept; AASCB Category 3: Analytical thinking] 6.What concept refers to “how well company resources are used to achieve what a company promises it can do”?a.efficiencyb.productivityc.reengineeringd.effectiveness[LO 1.2: To define what logistics is; Easy; Concept; AASCB Category 3: Analytical thinking]7.Every customer getting the same type and level of logistics service refers to ___________.a.tailored logisticsb.mass logisticsc.effectivenessd.efficiency[LO 1.2: To define what logistics is; Easy; Concept; AASCB Category 3: Analytical thinking]8.Which of the following is not a reason for the increased importance of logistics?a.growing power of manufacturersb.reduction in economic regulationc.globalization of traded.technological advances[LO 1.3: To analyze the increased importance of logistics; Moderate; Synthesis; AACSB Category 3: Analytical thinking]9. Widespread reductions in economic regulation of U.S. transportation carriers occurred in___________.a. the 1960s and 1970sb. the 1970s and 1980sc. the 1980s and 1990sd. only the 1990s[LO 1:3: To analyze the increased importance of logistics; Easy; Application; AACSB Category 3: Analytical thinking]10. The ___________ concept suggests that the customer desires a product offering that is highly tailored to the customer’s exact preferences.a. market demassificationb. relationship marketingc. customized customerd. niche marketing[LO 1.3: To analyze the increased importance of logistics; Easy; Concept; AACSB Category 3: Analytical thinking]11. Approximately ___________ percent of U.S. families withchildren reports that both parents work.a. 70b. 60c. 50d. 40[LO 1.3: To analyze the increased importance of logistics; Moderate; Application; AACSB Category 3: Analytical thinking]12. ___________ refers to the removal of intermediaries between producer and consumer.a. Direct channelb. Market demassificationc. Consolidationd. Disintermediation[LO 1.3: To analyze the increased importance of logistics; Easy; Concept; AACSB Category 3: Analytical thinking]13. ___________ are stores with large amounts of both floor space and product for sale.a. Mass merchandisersb. Power retailersc. Big-box retailersd. Do-it-yourself (DIY) retailers[LO 1.3: To analyze the increased importance of logistics; Easy; Application; AACSB Category 3: Analytical thinking]14. An example of ___________ involves ordering something online and then picking it up at a bricks-and-mortar store.a. supply chain managementb. financec. omnichannel retailingd. big-box retailing[LO 1.3: To analyze the increased importance of logistics; Easy;Application; AACSB Category 3: Analytical thinking]15. World trade has grown at an average annual rate of approximately ___________ percent since 1990.a. 6b. 5c. 4d. 3[LO 1.3: To analyze the increased importance of logistics; Moderate; Application; AACSB Category 3: Analytical thinking]16. The ___________ approach indicates that a company’s objectives can be realized by recognizing the mutual interdependence of major functional areas.a. systemsb. supply chainc. physical distributiond. materials management[LO 1.4: To discuss the systems and total cost approaches to logistics; Easy; Concept; AACSB Category 3: Analytical thinking]17. The movement and storage of materials into a firm refers to ___________.a. physical distributionb. materials managementc. supply chain managementd. materials handling[LO 1.4: To discuss the systems and total cost approaches to logistics; Easy; Concept; AACSB Category 3: Analytical thinking]18. Which concept refers to the storage of finished product and movement to the customer?a. supply chain managementb. business logisticsc. physical distributiond. materials management[LO 1.4: To discuss the systems and total cost approaches to logistics; Easy; Concept; AACSB Category 3: Analytical thinking]19. Logistics managers use the ___________ approach to coordinate materials management and physical distribution in a cost-efficient manner.a. total costb. supply chainc. balancedd. intrafunctional logistics[LO 1.4: To discuss the systems and total cost approaches to logistics; Easy; Concept; AACSB Category 3: Analytical thinking]20. A cost trade-off is a situation where:a. all costs react according to their individual degrees of inflation in the economy.b. all costs are reflected as a percentage variation from standard costs.c. some costs increase and some costs decrease.d. some costs are eliminated by efficient management controls.[LO 1.4: To discuss the systems and total cost approaches to logistics; Moderate; Synthesis; AACSB Category 3: Analytical thinking]21. The ___________ department often measures inventory in terms of its cost or value in dollars whereas ___________ tends to measure inventory in terms of units.a. marketing; logisticsb. finance; productionc. marketing; productiond. finance; logistics[LO 1.5: T o expose you to logistical relationships within the firm; Moderate; Application; AACSB Category 3: Analytical thinking]22. A common interface between production and logistics involves:a. the types of materials handling equipment.b. the length of production runs.c. the use of plastic versus wood pallets.d. the mode of transportation.[LO 1.5: T o expose you to logistical relationships within the firm; Moderate; Application; AACSB Category 3: Analytical thinking]23. ___________ refers to the delay of value-added activities such as assembly, production, and packaging to the latest possible time.a. Building blockb. Lean manufacturingc. Deferrald. Postponement[LO 1.5: T o expose you to logistical relationships within the firm; Easy; Concept; AACSB Category 3: Analytical thinking]24. The four basic components of the marketing mix include all of the following except:a. price.b. production.c. place.d. promotion.[LO 1.5: T o expose you to logistical relationships within the firm; Easy; Concept; AACSB Category 3: Analytical thinking]25. Landed costs refer to:a. the costs of a product shipped via surface transport.b. the costs of a product that is quoted cash on delivery (COD).c. the costs of a prepaid shipment.d. a price that includes both the cost of the product plus transportation to the buyer. [LO 1.5: To expose you to logistical relationships within the firm; Moderate; Concept; AACSB Category 3: Analytical thinking]26. ___________ refers to being out of an item at the same time there is demand for it.a. Postponementb. Tailored logisticsc. Stockoutd. Supplier indifference[LO 1.5: T o expose you to logistical relationships within the firm; Easy; Concept; AACSB Category 3: Analytical thinking]27. Enticing customers with the promise of a low-priced product, only to find that it is unavailable, but having a higher-priced substitute product readily available refers to___________.a. loss-leader marketingb. unfair trade practicesc. bait-and-switch tacticsd. price lining[LO 1.5: T o expose you to logistical relationships within the firm; Easy; Concept; AACSB Category 3: Analytical thinking]28. Which of the following is not part of the marketing channel?a. logistics channelb. negotiations channelc. management channeld. finance channel[LO 1.6: To introduce you to marketing channels; Moderate; Application; AACSB Category 3: Analytical thinking]29. The ownership channel consists of all parties except:a. customers.b. manufacturers.c. wholesalers.d. retailers.[LO 1.6: To introduce you to marketing channels; Moderate; Concept; AACSB Category 3: Analytical thinking]30. Which channel covers the movement of title to the goods?a. promotionsb. logisticsc. financed. ownership[LO 1.6: T o introduce you to marketing channels; Easy; Concept; AACSB Category 3: Analytical thinking]31. ___________ is bringing together similar stocks from different sources.a. Accumulatingb. Assortingc. Auditingd. Allocating[LO 1.6: To introduce you to marketing channels; Moderate; Concept; AACSB Category 3: Analytical thinking]32. ___________ refers to breaking a homogeneous supply into smaller lots.a. Sorting outb. Allocatingc. Accumulatingd. Assorting[LO 1.6: To introduce you to marketing channels; Moderate; Concept; AACSB Category 3: Analytical thinking]33. Channel intermediaries:a. assume temporary ownership of the goods.b. tend to lack focus.c. fill niches.d. tend to disappear as the market becomes organized.[LO 1.6: To introduce you to marketing channels; Moderate; Synthesis; AACSB Category 3: Analytical thinking]34. Brokers are intermediaries that are commonly associated with the ___________ channel.a. promotionsb. financec. ownershipd. negotiation[LO 1.6: To introduce you to marketing channels; Moderate; Concept; AACSB Category 3: Analytical thinking]35. The costliest logistics activity in many firms is ___________.a. industrial packagingb. transportation managementc. order managementd. warehousing management[LO 1.7: To provide a brief overview of activities in the logistics channel; Moderate; Application; AACSB Category 3: Analytical thinking]True-False Questions1. Absolute and relative logistics costs in relation to grossdomestic product (GDP) vary from country to country. (True) [LO 1.1: To discuss the economic impacts of logistics; Easy; Application; AACSB Category 3: Analytical thinking]2. The four general types of economic utility are production, possession, time, and place. (False) [LO 1.1: To discuss the economic impacts of logistics; Easy; Concept; AACSB Category 3: Analytical thinking]3. Logistics clearly contributes to time and form utility. (False) [LO 1.1: To discuss the economic impacts of logistics; Easy; Application; AACSB Category 3: Analytical thinking]4. The current definition of logistics, as promulgated by the Council of Supply Chain Management Professionals (CSCMP), suggests that logistics is part of supply chain management. (True) [LO 1.2: To define what logistics is; Easy; application; AASCB Category 3: Analytical thinking]5. Logistics is only concerned with forward flows—that is, those directed toward the point of consumption. (False) [LO 1.2: Define what logistics is; Easy; Application; AASCB Category 3: Analytical thinking]6. The purpose of logistics is to maximize customer service. (False) [LO 1.2: To define what logistics is; Easy; Application; AASCB Category 3: Analytical thinking]7. In mass logistics, groups of customers with similar logistical needs and wants are provided with logistics services appropriate to those wants and needs. (False) [LO 1.2: To define what logistics is; Easy; Concept; AASCB Category 3: Analytical thinking]8. Humanitarian logistics represents an emerging application of logistics to not-for-profit organizations. (True) [LO 1.2: To define what logistics is; Easy; Application; AASCB Category 3:Analytical thinking]9. Reductions in economic regulation allowed individual transportation companies flexibility in pricing and service. (True) [LO 1.3: To analyze the increased importance of logistics; Easy; Application; AACSB Category 3: Analytical thinking]10. Market demassification suggests that the customer desires a product offering that is highly tailored to his exact preference. (False) [LO 1.3: To analyze the increased importance of logistics; Moderate; Concept; AACSB Category 3: Analytical thinking]11. Disintermediation refers to the removal of intermediaries between producer and consumer. (True) [LO 1.3: To analyze the increased importance of logistics; Easy; Concept; AACSB Category 3: Analytical thinking]12. Superior logistics is an essential component of corporate strategies for many big-box retailers. (True) [LO 1.3: To analyze the increased importance of logistics; Easy; Application; AACSB Category 3: Analytical thinking]13. Logistics has played a minor role in the growth of global trade. (False) [LO 1.3: To analyze the increased importance of logistics; Easy; Application; AACSB Category 3: Analytical thinking]14. The systems approach indicates that a company’s objectives can be realiz ed by recognizing the mutual interdependence of the major functional areas of a firm. (True) [LO 1.4: T o discuss the systems and total cost approaches to logistics; Easy; Concept; AACSB Category 3: Analytical thinking]15. A stock-keeping unit (SKU) refers to a line item of inventory offered for sale by a company. (True) [LO 1.4: To discuss the systems and total cost approaches to logistics; Easy; Concept; AACSB Category 3: Analytical thinking]16. Physical distribution is synonymous with materials management. (False) [LO 1.4: To discuss the systems and total cost approaches to logistics; Easy; Concept; AACSB Category 3: Analytical thinking]17. Interfunctional logistics attempts to coordinate materials management and physical distribution in a cost-efficient manner that supports an organization’s customer service objectives. (False) [LO 1.4: To discuss the systems and total cost approaches to logistics; Moderate; Application; AACSB Category 3: Analytical thinking]18. The key to the total cost approach is that all relevant cost items are considered simultaneously when making a decision. (True) [LO 1.4: To discuss the systems and total cost approaches to logistics; Easy; Application; AACSB Category 3: Analytical thinking]19. The finance department tends to measure inventory in terms of units whereas logistics tends to measure inventory in terms of its cost or value. (False) [LO 1.5: Logistical relationships within the firm; Easy; Application; AACSB Category 3: Analytical thinking]20. Long production runs sometimes result in excessive inventory of products with limited demand for them. (True) [LO 1.5: To expose you to logistical relationships within the firm; Easy; Application; AACSB Category 3: Analytical thinking]21. Postponement is the delay of value-added activities such as assembly, production, and packaging to the latest possible time. (True) [LO 1.5: To expose you to logistical relationships within the firm; Easy; Concept; AACSB Category 3: Analytical thinking]22. Logistics offers many companies an important route forcreating marketing superiority. (True) [LO 1.5: To expose you to logistical relationships within the firm; Moderate; Application; AACSB Category 3: Analytical thinking]23. Dual distribution refers to an alliance that allows customers to purchase products from two or more name-brand retailers at one store location. (False) [LO 1.5: To expose you to logistical relationships within the firm; Easy; Concept; AACSB Category 3: Analytical thinking]24. Landed costs refer to the price of a product at its source. (False) [LO 1.5: To expose you to logistical relationships within the firm; Easy; Concept; AACSB Category 3: Analytical thinking]25. Stockouts refer to a situation in which a company is out of an item at the same time that there is demand for that item. (True) [LO 1.5: To expose you to logistical relationships within the firm; Easy; Concept; AACSB Category 3: Analytical thinking]26. Logist ical decisions tend not to be impacted by marketers’ growing e mphasis on offering sustainable products. (False) [LO 1.5: To expose you to logistical relationships within the firm; Easy; Application; AACSB Category 3: Analytical thinking]27. Many promotional decisions, such as pricing campaigns that lower the price of certain items, require close coordination between marketing and logistics. (True) [LO 1.5: To expose you to logistical relationships within the firm; Easy; Application; AACSB Category 3: Analytical thinking]28. The ownership channel is the one where buy and sell agreements are reached. (False) [LO 1.6: To introduce you to marketing channels; Easy; Application; AACSB Category 3: Analytical thinking]29. The financing channel handles a company’s credit and payment for goods. (True) [LO 1.6: To introduce you to marketingchannels; Easy; Application; AACSB Category 3: Analytical thinking]30. There is no link between the promotions and logistics channels. (False) [LO 1.6: To introduce you to marketing channels; Moderate; Synthesis; AACSB Category 3: Analytical thinking]31. The most significant contribution that the logistics channel makes to the overall channel process is the sorting function. (True) [LO 1.6: To introduce you to marketing channels; Hard; Application; AACSB Category 3: Analytical thinking]32. The sorting function has four steps. (True) [LO 1.6: To introduce you to marketing channels; Moderate; Application; AACSB Category 3: Analytical thinking]33. The sorting function takes place between retailers and the consumer. (False) [LO 1.6: To introduce you to marketing channels; Easy; Application; AACSB Category 3: Analytical thinking]34. Intermediaries assume ownership of goods while those goods are in the marketing channel. (False) [LO 1.6: T o introduce you to marketing channels; Moderate; Application; AACSB Category 3: Analytical thinking]35. A broker is a type of intermediary often associated with the negotiations channel. (True) [LO 1.6: To introduce you to marketing channels; Easy; Concept; AACSB Category 3: Analytical thinking]36. A commonly used logistical intermediary is the freight forwarder. (True) [LO 1.6: To introduce you to marketing channels; Moderate; Application; AACSB Category 3: Analytical thinking]37. Demand forecasting is not considered to be a logistics-related activity. (False) [LO 1.7: To provide a brief overview of activities in the logistics channel; Easy; Application; AACSBCategory 3: Analytical thinking]38. Packaging can have both a marketing and logistical dimension. (True) [LO 1.7: To provide a brief overview of activities in the logistics channel; Moderate; Application; AACSB Category 3: Analytical thinking]39. Warehousing represents the costliest logistics activity in many organizations. (False) [LO 1.7: To provide a brief overview of activities in the logistics channel; Moderate; Application; AACSB Category 3: Analytical thinking]40. The job market for logisticians and supply chain managers continues to be strong at the undergraduate, but not the MBA, level. (False) [LO 1.8: To familiarize you with logistics careers; Easy; Application; AACSB Category 3: Analytical thinking]。
大学物流英语教材答案
大学物流英语教材答案Introduction:The field of logistics plays a crucial role in ensuring the smooth flow of goods and services from suppliers to customers. As globalization continues to shape the business landscape, proficiency in logistics becomes increasingly important. This article aims to provide answers to the exercises found in a university-level logistics English textbook, enabling students to assess their understanding and enhance their knowledge in this field.Chapter 1: Introduction to LogisticsExercise 1:1. What is the definition of logistics?- Logistics refers to the process of planning, implementing, and controlling the efficient, effective flow and storage of goods, services, and related information from the point of origin to the point of consumption.2. List three primary objectives of logistics.- The primary objectives of logistics include cost minimization, timely and accurate delivery, and customer satisfaction.Exercise 2:1. Match the following terms with their definitions:a) Supply chain management - The coordination and management of all activities involved in the procurement, conversion, and delivery of products.b) Inventory control - The process of ensuring that stock levels are maintained at appropriate levels.c) Warehouse management - The efficient operation and control of a warehouse to support the overall logistics system.d) Transportation management - The planning and execution of activities related to moving goods from one location to another.Chapter 2: Transportation in LogisticsExercise 1:1. Name three modes of transportation commonly used in logistics.- The three modes of transportation commonly used in logistics are road, rail, and air.2. Explain the advantages and disadvantages of each mode of transportation.- Road transportation: Advantages include flexibility, accessibility, and lower costs for short distances. Disadvantages include potential traffic congestion and limited capacity for long distances.- Rail transportation: Advantages include high capacity, energy efficiency, and lower costs for long distances. Disadvantages include limited accessibility and inflexibility in terms of routes.- Air transportation: Advantages include speed, global reach, and reliability. Disadvantages include high costs and limited capacity for bulky goods.Exercise 2:1. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate transportation-related terms:a) The_____ is a document that serves as a contract of carriage between the shipper and the carrier. (bill of lading)b) A_____ is a company that provides transportation services using its own vehicles. (carrier)c) A_____ is a point where goods are transferred from one transportation mode to another. (intermodal terminal)Chapter 3: Inventory ManagementExercise 1:1. Define the term "just-in-time" (JIT) inventory management.- Just-in-time (JIT) inventory management is an approach that involves receiving goods from suppliers in small quantities at the exact time they are needed, minimizing storage costs and inventory levels.2. What are the advantages of JIT inventory management?- The advantages of JIT inventory management include reduced inventory holding costs, faster inventory turnover, improved cash flow, and lower risk of obsolescence.Exercise 2:1. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate inventory management terms:a) The_____ is the amount of time that elapses between placing an order and receiving it. (lead time)b) Safety stock is a buffer inventory kept to protect against_____and_____ in demand and lead time. (variability, uncertainties)c) Economic order quantity (EOQ) is the optimal order quantity that minimizes the total cost of_____ and_____ costs. (ordering, holding)Conclusion:Logistics is a multifaceted discipline that requires a comprehensive understanding of various concepts and practices. By providing answers to exercises found in a university-level logistics English textbook, this article aims to assist students in reinforcing their knowledge and enhancing their ability to apply logistics principles in real-world scenarios. Mastery of logistics not only facilitates the efficient movement of goods but also boosts competitiveness in today's global marketplace.。
物流英语1unit2参考答案
物流英语1unit2参考答案物流英语1 Unit 2 参考答案一、词汇题（Vocabulary Questions）1. 货物运输（Cargo Transportation）是指将货物从一个地点运输到另一个地点的过程。
2. 物流（Logistics）是供应链管理的一部分，涉及货物的存储、运输和配送。
3. 仓储（Warehousing）是物流过程中的一个环节，涉及到货物的存储和管理。
4. 供应链（Supply Chain）是指从原材料采购到最终产品交付给消费者的整个流程。
5. 配送（Distribution）是将产品从仓库运送到零售商或最终消费者的过程。
二、选择题（Multiple Choice Questions）1. What is the main purpose of logistics?A. To increase product pricesB. To reduce transportation costsC. To make products more difficult to accessD. To streamline the supply chainAnswer: D2. Which of the following is not a part of the supply chain?A. ManufacturingB. WarehousingC. RetailingD. AdvertisingAnswer: D3. What does the term "cargo" refer to?A. The act of transporting goodsB. The goods being transportedC. The vehicles used for transportationD. The process of storing goodsAnswer: B4. What is the primary function of a warehouse in logistics?A. To manufacture productsB. To store and manage inventoryC. To sell products directly to consumersD. To transport goods to other locationsAnswer: B5. What is the term used for the process of delivering products to consumers?A. ManufacturingB. DistributionC. WarehousingD. LogisticsAnswer: B三、填空题（Fill in the Blanks）1. The process of managing the flow of goods and information is known as ______.Answer: logistics2. The term ______ refers to the entire process from the supplier to the end customer.Answer: supply chain3. ______ is the act of storing goods in a designated location.Answer: Warehousing4. The goal of logistics is to ensure the right product is in the right place at the right time, which is often summarized as the 3Rs: the right product, the right ______, and theright ______.Answer: quantity, time5. In logistics, ______ is the process of moving goods from one place to another.Answer: transportation四、简答题（Short Answer Questions）1. What are the key components of a supply chain?Answer: The key components of a supply chain include sourcing, production, inventory management, transportation, warehousing, and distribution.2. Explain the role of a logistics manager.Answer: A logistics manager is responsible for overseeing the entire logistics process, which includes planning, implementing, and controlling the flow of goods, information, and services from the point of origin to the point of consumption for a firm or organization.3. What are the benefits of efficient logistics?Answer: Efficient logistics can lead to reduced costs,improved customer satisfaction, enhanced inventory management, and increased operational flexibility.4. Describe the importance of inventory management in logistics.Answer: Inventory management is crucial in logistics as it helps to maintain optimal stock levels, minimize storage costs, and ensure that products are available when needed,thus avoiding stockouts or overstock situations.5. What is the significance of transportation in the supply chain?Answer: Transportation is a vital part of the supply chain as it links different stages, ensuring the timely and cost-effective movement of goods from one point to another. It affects the delivery speed, cost, and overall efficiency ofthe supply chain.五、论述题（Essay Questions）1. Discuss the impact of globalization on logistics andsupply chain management.Answer: Globalization has significantly impacted logistics and supply chain management by expanding the scale and scopeof operations. It has necessitated the development of more complex and integrated supply chains that span acrosscountries and continents. This has led to the need for advanced logistics solutions, increased focus ontransportation efficiency, and the implementation of sophisticated information systems to manage global operations.2. Explain how technology has transformed the logisticsindustry.Answer: Technology has transformed the logistics industry through the introduction of automation, real-time tracking systems, advanced analytics, and the use of artificial intelligence and machine learning. These advancements have improved the accuracy of demand forecasting, optimized route planning, enhanced inventory management, and increased the overall efficiency and responsiveness of supply chains.请注意，以上内容仅为示例答案，实际的参考答案可能会根据具体的课程内容和考试要求有所不同。
物流英语unit one(Logistics and Supply Chain)
*In our text, we would like to say that logistics is the continuous process of meeting customer needs by ensuring the availability of the right benefits for the right customer, in the quantity and condition desired by that customer, at the time and place the customer wants them, all for a price the buyer is willing to pay. Broadly speaking, its mission is to get the right materials to the right place at the right time, while optimizing a given performance measure and satisfying a given set of constraints. That means the six “rights”: ensuring that the right goods, in the right quantities, in the right condition, are delivered to the right place, at the right time, for the right cost.
Logistics in today’s society A characteristic of today’s society is its dependence on a wide variety of goods and services which are produced by many business organizations. These companies are highly competitive with each other in supplying goods and services. This competition occurs in three areas, in determining customers’ wants, in arranging the production of goods to satisfy those wants, and in making those goods available to the customers.
新世纪国际物流英语答案及翻译
新世纪国际物流英语答案及翻译Part I Listening Comprehension (15%)Directions: This part is to test your listening ability. It consists of 3 tasks.Task 1Peter is talking with a salesgirl. Listen to the conversation and choose the best answer to each of the following questions. You are going to listening to the conversation three times.1. What does Peter want to purchase? [单选题] *Clothes.Some water.Cloth.(正确答案)2. How many types of the products does the sales girl have? [单选题] *Four.Five.(正确答案)Six.3. Why doesn’t Peter want to buy the first type? [单选题] *Because it is too expensive.(正确答案)Because it doesn't work well.Because the colour is not to his taste.4. What discount can the salesgirl offer? [单选题] *10%.(正确答案)15%.20%.5. What will Peter do before making a decision? [单选题] *Call his manager by cell phone.Study the sample.Give the sample to his manager.(正确答案)Task 2Allan is talking with his supplier Susan. Listen to the conversation and decide whether the following statements are true or false. You are going to listening to the conversation three times.6. Allan is not satisfied with the outer packing at first. [单选题] *True.(正确答案)False.7. The glasses should be packed in cardboard boxes according to Allan. [单选题] * True.False.(正确答案)8. Susan’s company has received many complaints from clients for using cardboard boxes for shipping. [单选题] *True.False.(正确答案)9. Susan agrees to use wooden boxes finally. [单选题] *True.False.(正确答案)10. Allan thinks wooden boxes are too expensive. [单选题] *True.False.(正确答案)Task 3Listen to the conversation and choose the best answer to fill in the blanks with what you hear. You are going to listening to the conversation three times.Jason: Hi, Jamie. What can I do for you today?Jamie: Hello, Jason. I’ve a package for my sister in the US.Jason: So it’s an international 11. __________. You’ll need to fill in this form. Jamie: OK. (A few seconds later) That’s it.Jason: Let me have a look. You forgot to put your name and 12. ________ here. Jamie: Oh, yes. Thank you.Jason: That’s all right. What’s in the package?Jamie: 13. _________.Jason: OK. That’ll be 14. _______ yuan.Jamie: Here’s the money.Jason: Thank you. The package will be 15._______ this evening. Have a good day! Jamie: Thanks. You too!11. So it's an international 11. __________. You’ll need to fill in this form. [单选题] * shipshipment(正确答案)shipping12. Let me have a look. You forgot to put your name and 12. _________ here. [单选题] * address(正确答案)dressaddlessarrest13. Jason: That’s all right. What’s in the package?Jamie: 13. __________. [单选题] *docksdocuments(正确答案)doorsblockments14. OK. That’ll be 14. _________ yuan. [单选题] *113310331130(正确答案)15. Thank you. The package will be 15. __________ this evening. Have a good day! [单选题] *send offsent onsent off(正确答案)II.Vocabulary and structure (20%).Directions: This part is to test your ability to construct grammatically correct sentences. There are 20 incomplete statements here, each with a blank. You are required to complete each statement by choosing the appropriate answer from the 4 choices marked A, B, C, and D.16. Strong _________ skills are required to apply for this job. [单选题] *solving-problemssolving problemsproblems-solvedproblem-solving(正确答案)17. Work in logistics ________ transportation, packaging and material handling. [单选题] *consistsinvolves(正确答案)composesparticipates18. They need a large sum of money to ________ the project. [单选题] *call outcarry oncarry out(正确答案)call for19. Procurement _______ to a business buying goods or services. [单选题] * meansdefinesrefers(正确答案)leads20. The company ________ much emphasis on sustainable development. [单选题] * makeshastakesplaces(正确答案)21. The report provide a reference for ________ cooperation. [单选题] *deeperfurther(正确答案)advancea lot of22. Plastic packing is ________ in different sizes. [单选题] *recycledusedavailable(正确答案)23. I would like to apply for the job of sales assistant that I ________advertised online. [单选题] *have seen(正确答案)was seenwas seeingsee24. Cardboard box is one of the most ___________ used packing materials. [单选题] *comparativelywidely(正确答案)commonrecycle25. When you choose a supplier, you should ___________ reputation into consideration. [单选题] *havemaketake(正确答案)get26. Transportation may ________ for 40%-50% of a company’s total costs. [单选题] *account(正确答案)countcountable27. _______ options of modes of transportation, the company chooses the most cost-effective one. [单选题] *Given(正确答案)To giveGivingHaving given28. The manager insisted that all goods _________ to the retailers this week. [单选题] * were delivereddeliveredbe delivered(正确答案)should deliver29. The seller must _________ ten days for the ship to reach London from New York. [单选题] *permit(正确答案)take onallow forget off30. The director is __________ the distribution of staff resources. [单选题] *flexible within charge of(正确答案)responsible withemployed at31. _________ problems are often derived from simple origins. [单选题] *Complex(正确答案)SimpleVariousBrief32. I am sorry I cannot ______ you a good post. [单选题] *sureensure(正确答案)make suretake granted33. Questions due to his negligence were certain to ________. [单选题] *raiseput forwardtake onarise(正确答案)34. Cardboard boxes are easy to _________, so they won’t damage the environment. [单选题] *cyclerecycle(正确答案)usecircle35. Freight must be _________ before we deliver the goods to you. [单选题] *paidpayprepaid(正确答案)prepayIII.Technical Terms (5%).Directions: Match the English technical terms with the corresponding Chinese translation.36. supply chain management [单选题] *供应网络管理供应链管理(正确答案)供需管理供应链运作37. port of discharge [单选题] *装运港中转港目的港卸货港(正确答案)38. delivery form [单选题] *配送单(正确答案)运输单快递方式运输方式39. distribution center [单选题] *快递中心装货中心卸货中心配送中心(正确答案)40. demand analysis [单选题] *需要数据供需分析需求分析(正确答案)供需数据IV.Reading Comprehension. (30%)Task 1Directions: After reading the following passage, decide whether the following statements are true or false according to the passage.Because of international division of labor, companies producing certain goods or services may not produce all the ingredients and parts that go into their products. Therefore, they will need to source raw materials, commodities or services from other companies who specialize in that type of production. This explains the necessity of procurement logistics.Procurement refers to a business or organization buying goods or services to accomplish the goals of its enterprise. The procurement or purchasing department is responsible for obtaining the equipment, raw materials, supplies and services by purchasing or leasing. Although there are several organizations that attempt to set standards in the purchasing process, processes vary greatly between organizations. It has been said that procurement is to obtain materials of the right quality in the right quantity from the right source at the right price. The term “right” is situational because each organization may define “right” differently. This means that the specified “rights” must be consistent with corporate goals. For example, IKEA has placed much emphasis on its advertising on sustainable development. Therefore, it sources its raw materials such as timber from suppliers who replant every tree they fell with new saplings. If the suppliers fail to do so, they will be in breach of contract and stiff penalties will be applied.Businesses need to set up systems to purchase goods efficiently based on demand analysis. Simply put, a demand analysis is the research done to identify the varieties and quantities of the raw materials/commodities/services required by the business.The resource market also needs to be analyzed. Businesses study the make-up of the resource market in order to establish the most cost-efficient sources for their requirements. This includes gaining knowledge of resource distribution, suppliers, varieties, qualities, prices, and the availability of transportation.41. Because of international division of labor, companies producing certain goods or services may not produce all the ingredients and parts that go into their products. Therefore, they will need to source raw materials, commodities or services from other companies who specialize in that type of production. This explains the necessity of procurement logistics.41. All companies can choose to produce certain goods by themselves, without the need of purchasing from other companies. [单选题] *TrueFalse(正确答案)42. Procurement refers to a business or organization buying goods or services to accomplish the goals of its enterprise. The procurement or purchasing department is responsible for obtaining the equipment, raw materials, supplies and services by purchasing or leasing. Although there are several organizations that attempt to set standards in the purchasing process, processes vary greatly between organizations. It has been said that procurement is to obtain materials of the right quality in the right quantity from the right source at the right price. The term “right” is situational because each organization may define “right” differently. This means that the specified “rights” must be consistent with corporate goals. For example, IKEA has placed much emphasis on its advertising on sustainable development. Therefore, it sources its raw materials such as timber from suppliers who replant every tree they fell with new saplings. If the suppliers fail to do so, they will be in breach of contract and stiff penalties will be applied.42. Procurement refers to a company purchasing goods or services to achieve personal goals. [单选题] *TrueFalse(正确答案)43. Procurement refers to a business or organization buying goods or services to accomplish the goals of its enterprise. The procurement or purchasing department is responsible for obtaining the equipment, raw materials, supplies and services by purchasing or leasing. Although there are several organizations that attempt to set standards in the purchasing process, processes vary greatly between organizations. It has been said that procurement is to obtain materials of the right quality in the right quantity from the right source at the right price. The term “right” is situational because each organization may define “right” differently. This means that the specified “rights” must be consistent with corporate goals. For example, IKEA has placed much emphasis on its advertising on sustainable development. Therefore, it sources its raw materials such as timber from suppliers who replant every tree they fell with new saplings. If the suppliers fail to do so, they will be in breach of contract and stiff penalties will be applied.43. There is a set standard during the purchasing process for every company. [单选题] * True.False(正确答案)44. Procurement refers to a business or organization buying goods or services to accomplish the goals of its enterprise. The procurement or purchasing department is responsible for obtaining the equipment, raw materials, supplies and services by purchasing or leasing. Although there are several organizations that attempt to set standards in the purchasing process, processes vary greatly between organizations. It has been said that procurement is to obtain materials of the right quality in the right quantity from the right source at the right price. The term “right” is situational because each organization may define “right” differently. This means that the specified “rights” must be consistent with corporate goals. For example, IKEA has placed much emphasis on its advertising on sustainable development. Therefore, it sources its raw materials such as timber from suppliers who replant every tree they fell with new saplings. If the suppliers fail to do so, they will be in breach of contract and stiff penalties will be applied.44. The writer cited IKEA as an example to illustrate that procurement must conform to the corporate goals. [单选题] *True.(正确答案)False45. Businesses need to set up systems to purchase goods efficiently based on demand analysis. Simply put, a demand analysis is the research done to identify the varieties and quantities of the raw materials/commodities/services required by the business.The resource market also needs to be analyzed. Businesses study the make-up of the resource market in order to establish the most cost-efficient sources for their requirements. This includes gaining knowledge of resource distribution, suppliers, varieties, qualities,prices, and the availability of transportation.45. The demand analysis means that companies must do some research on the resource market in order to establish the most cost-efficient sources. [单选题] *True.False(正确答案)Task 2Directions: After reading the following form, choose the best answer to complete the statement according to the form.46. The packages will be sent to __________. [单选题] * Xiamen(正确答案)DalianNew YorkMiami47. ______________ will be sent. [单选题] * ComputersComponentsComputer components(正确答案)Machine components48. The volume of one package is ___________. [单选题] *120 cm50 cm512,000 cm3510,000 cm3(正确答案)49. The weight of each package is ________. [单选题] *40 kg25 kg(正确答案)100 kg1,000 kg50. _________ will pay the distribution fee. [单选题] *Wang Xing(正确答案)Zhou BoSunlight Mechanical Equipment CompanyThe third partyTask 3Directions: After reading the following passage, choose the best answer to complete the statement according to the passage.In order to be effective, the choice of mode of transport depends on the following aspects: the nature of the goods, speed, cost and safety.Nature of the goodsLow-valued bulky goods seldom fly. It is not cost-effective to send a truck load of sand by air. Similarly, diamonds are not transported by tramp steamer. The value of diamonds is too high, the transit time too uncertain and the chance of loss or damage toogreat for diamonds to be transported by sea. These extremes illustrate how the nature of the goods and the nature of the shipment affect choices.SpeedSpeed is a significant part of work in logistics. It describes the time taken from placing an order with a supplier to when the goods are received by the purchaser. Usually, shippers prefer shorter transit time as it usually aids customer service and reduces in-transit inventory and costs. However, sometimes a firm may prefer slower transportation and longer transit time. The longer time allows the firm to use the transportation vehicle as a moving warehouse, thus saving on warehouse costs at the point of arrival.51. When we choose the mode of transport, we should ___________. [单选题] * consider the nature of the goods firstconsider speed firstconsider cost firstconsider the nature of the goods, speed, cost and safety(正确答案)52. According to paragraph 2, __________. [单选题] *it is best to send a truck load of sand by airit is best to send diamond by tramp steamerit is a waste of money to send a truck load of sand by air(正确答案)it is safer to send diamond by sea53. The value of diamond is very high, so _____________. [单选题] *it is a waste of money to send diamond by airthe transit time should not be too long(正确答案)it may not cause any loss if diamond is transported by seait would be safer to be transported by sea54. Speed describes ______________. [单选题] *how much time taken to place an orderhow much time taken to transport the goods to the supplierhow much time taken to receive the goodshow much time from placing an order to receiving the goods by the purchaser(正确答案)55. Shippers may prefer longer transit time because _____________. [单选题] *they can use the transportation vehicle as a moving warehouse(正确答案)it helps customer servicesthey prefer slower transportationit adds cost to in-transit inventory。
物流专业英语 Unit 1
2.5
• What is logistics? 什么是物流？ • Logistics, in a narrow sense, is the flow and storage of goods. 狭义上讲，物流是商品的高 效流动与存储。
However, the Council of Logistics Management of USA has given an authoritative definition which is widely accepted by the logistics professionals. 然而，美国物流管理协会给出了一个权威的定义， 该定义受到物流专业人士的广泛接受。 “Logistics is that part of the supply chain process that plans, implements and controls the efficient, effective flow and storage of goods, service and related information from the point of origin to the point of consumption to meet customers’ requirements.” “物流是供应链的一部分，它对产品、服务和相关 信息从原产地到消费地的高效率和高效力的流动及 存储进行规划、实施和控制，以满足客户的要求。”
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Choice B is the most popular for individual consumers, in which the customer pays a higher retail price in exchange for ease of shopping and exemption of the time-consuming travel to the manufacturer, in addition to a lower total cost. B选择是个人零散客户最常用的选择，在此种 方式下，客户支付较高的零售价，在享有较 低的总成本的同时，还可以换取购物的轻松 并免除到厂家取货的耗时旅程。
01《物流专业英语》--Unit-1-What-is-logistics-qq
The Coca Cola soft drink product moves by the typical supply chain. The retail price is higher because value is added to the product as it passes through each node in the supply chain (Figure 2).
一般来说, 商品/产品的流转需遵循典型的供应链模式（见图1）。
Manufacturer 厂家
Distributor 配送商
Wholesaler 批发商
End consumer 最终客户
Figure 1 A typical supply chain 图1 典型的供应链
Retailer (Supermarket) 零售商（超市）
流通是把商品/产品（半成品或成品）移动到不同地点或客户的 行为或过程。通常来说, 制造厂商把重心放在生产上, 而物 流公司则从事商品的流通。
Figure 3 Scope of logistics activities 图3 物流活动的范围
All facets of logistics 物流面面观
From a wider perspective, we can conclude that logistics is or is about:
如果客户想买一瓶可口可乐，他可能选择:
• go straight to the manufacturer, buy it at ex-factory price (e.g. 1.50 Yuan/bottle) but pay extra costs for bus fare (e.g. 5 Yuan or more) , totaling 6.50 Yuan plus time cost (hours of bus travel), or
物流英语第1章答案.doc
Unit 1.ExercisesI .Comprehension Questions1.What is the logistics?An appropriate modern definition that applies to most industry might be that logistics concerns the every transfer of good from the source of supply through the place of manufacture to the place of consumption in a cost-effective way while providing an acceptable service to the customer.2.How do you comprehend “logistics^ encompasses much more than just the transport of goods?The transport of goods only refers to the physical movement of goods from a place to another place・ But logistics can involve raw materials being brought into the production process and/or finished goods being shipped out to the customer.3.What are included in the elements of logistics?>Transportation;>Inventory management and storage;>Packaging;>Return goods handling;>Information processing;>Customer service;>and other elements・4.What does the inventory management deals with?The inventoiy management deals with balancing the cost of maintaining additional products available against the risk of not having those items when the customer wants them (i.e. the cost of lost sales)・5.Does inventory management become more complex? Why?Yes, the inventory management has become more complex・Because the corporations are reducing their inventory levels gradually, but the inventories are still necessary for corporations to serve customers in many markets. As a result, managers must decide whether they reed additional products in a given market and, if so, how many of which items.6.What does the demand forecasting address?Demand forecasting aims at the need for accurate information on future customer needs so that the logistics system can assure the right products and/or service are available to meet those requirements ・7.Please introduce the customer service in you own words.Customer service is what your business delivers to achieve customer satisfaction. Somebusinesses deliver physical products and may not see themselves as being a service business. However, their customers still measure the business on the service that they experience both pre-sale and after-sale. So customer service is an increasingly important part of business activities.8.In you opinion，which elements of logistics are important?In my opinion, the transportation is important. First, the liberalization of transportation laws in many countries has provided opportunities for knowledgeable managers to obtain better service at lower prices than they could in the past. Second, as inventory levels have dropped in response to the popularity of just-in-time (JIT) strategies, transportation is frequently used to offset the potentially damaging impact on customer service levels that would otherwise result from those inventory reductions.II .Translate the Following Sentences into Chinese1.An appropriate modern definition that applies to most industry might be that logistics concernsthe every transfer of good from the source of supply through the place of manufacture to the place of consumption in a cost-effective way while providing an acceptable service to the customer.当前适用于大多数行业的关于物流的一个恰当的定义是：货物从供应地开始的每一次转移，以一种有效的方式从制造地运到消费地，同时为消费者提供恰当的服务。
物流英语课后习题答案
ExercisesTask One VocabularyI . Choose the correct words to fill in the blanks.I.raw materials, final products 2.replenishments 3.Procurement 4.Packaging 5.Distribution n . Match the words with their exact definitions.1-D 2-G 3-B 4-J 5-C 6-I 7-A 8-E 9-F 10-HTask Two Reading ComprehensionI . Tell whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F) according to the text.1.F2.F3.T4.F5.Tn . Cloze.1.average2.falls3.plant4.inventory5.warehouses6.shipments7.locations8.staff9.products10.total 11.rise 12.optimum 13.illustration 14.customer ernmentTask Three Translation. Translate the following phrases and sentences into Chinese.1.物资调运2. 产成品3. 及时付货4.储存空间5.方式选择6.车辆调度7.增值服务8.第三方物流9.物流是为了满足客户需求而对商品、服务及相关信息从原产地到消费地的高效率、高效益的正向或逆向流动及储存进行计划、实施与控制的过程。
10.随着二十世纪七、八十年代北美经济的发展，交通运输的开放改变了商业领域的竞争面貌。
n . Translate the following phrases and sentences into English.1. raw materials2. inventory management3. logistics mix4. carrier routing5. logistics channel6. profit margin7. supply chain management 8. Gulf War9. The main functions of logistics consist of procurement, transportation, package, distribution, distribution processing and information management etc.10. This new conception emphasizes on collaboration among companies within a supply chain, integrate faculties to optimize the overall benefits.ExercisesTask One VocabularyI .Choose the correct words to fill in the blanks.1. Marketing2. information3. management4. logistics system5. systematic n . Match the words with their exact definitions.1-H 2-E 3-J 4-A 5-I 6-B 7-C 8-D 9-F 10-GTask Two Reading ComprehensionI . Tell whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F) according to the text.1.F2.F3.T4.T5.F.n . Cloze.rmation2.response3.nature4.central5.technology6.driving7.emergence8.operations9. distribution 10.customerTask Three TranslationI . Translate the following phrases and sentences into Chinese.1.采购订货2. 在途物资3. 客户服务4. 采购信息5.通信基础设施6. 广义定义7. 信息处理8. 供应商选择9. 以更广阔的眼光来看，物流信息还包括商品交易信息和市场信息。
物流英语课后习题-英汉英互译
第一章英译汉Translate the following sentences from the from the text into Chinese1.Logistics is a unique global pipeline that operates 24 hours a day ,seven days a week and 52weeks a year ,planning and coordinating the transport and delivery of products and service to customers the world over物流作为一种全球独特的输送管道,一天24小时,一周7天,一年52周不间断地运营着,计划和协调全球产品和服务的运输和交付.2.However, when it comes to modern logistics, most professionals in the business consider it one ofthe most challenging and exciting jobs, invisible as it is.但是,说到现代物流,业内专业人士认为,尽管看不见摸不着,它是最富有挑战性和最激动人心的工作3.Logistics is that part of the supply chain process that plans, implements and controls theefficient, efficient flow and storage of goods, service and related information from the point of origin to the point of consumption to meet customers’ requirements物流是供应链的一部分,计划,执行和控制产品,服务及相关信息从原产地到消费地的及时有效流动和存储以满足客户要求.4.It is recognized fact in industrialized countries that logistics is now the last frontier forincreasing benefits in industrial production, since there is not much to do to improve production to lower the cost这是公认的事实:在工业化国家,在依靠改进生产来降低成本的空间越来越小的情况下,物流是工业生产中增加利润的最后一关.5.The audience were confident that they would be able to herald the new economic growth if they could make headway in logistics听众坚信,如果他们能够在物流上取得进展,他们就能促进经济的新增长.6. It is through the logistics process that materials flow into the vast manufacturing capacity of an industrial nation and products are distributed through marketing channels to consumers正是通过物流的过程原材料才得以流入工业国家巨大的制造机器中,产品才得以通过这个渠道流向顾客7.Logistics is complex, in china alone , the market structure involves more than 20 millionretailing networks and more than 2 million wholesalers’ networks物流复杂极了,仅在中国市场上就有2000多万个零售网点和200万个批发网点.8.One expert holds the view that logistics is an iceberg, only the top of which is seen, what isunseen is much bigger有一位专家认为,物流是一座冰山,人们只看到冰山的水面上那部分,水下未见的那部分更大9.The overall goal of logistics is to achieve a targeted level of customer service at the lowestpossible total cost物流的整体目标是以最低的成本取得预期的顾客服务水平10.In the beginning, companies that could afford inventory were able to satisfy customer demand 在早期,有库存能力的公司能够满足顾客的要求11.The distribution or market channel is perhaps the least understood business area配送渠道或市场渠道也许是人们知道得最少的商业领域12.Quite a number of companies achieved success by creating value throughout domestic andglobal supply chains相当多的公司通过遍及国内和全世界的供应链创造价值而获得成功.13.Logistics has huge impact on domestic and global economy物流对国内经济和全球经济有巨大的影响14.The international Red Cross operates like a mobile warehouse国际红十字会的工作就像一个活动的仓库15.More than USD 25 million was spent on logistics for the summer Olympics in Atlanta, Georgia 在佐治亚洲的亚特兰大举行的夏季奥运会上,物流的费用为:2500多万美元16.The basic concepts of logistical management are applicable throughout private and publicenterprise activities物流管理的基本概念适用于所有私营企业和公用企业17.Logistics has become a profession that values strategic thinking, analytical skills, and the use oftechnology-based tools物流已经变为一种职业,注重战略思维,分析技术和采用技术型工具18.The appearance of foreign companies will contributes to the development of logistics in china外国公司的出现将有助于物流在中国的发展19.Logistics plays a very important role in promoting economic development物流对经济的发展起了很大的推动作用20.I like to carry out detailed analysis of a problem我喜欢对问题进行详细的分析21.Nowadays, people in logistics business have an income higher than the average现在从事物流行业的收入高于平均数22.To ensure the time liness of logistics, it is important to keep a certain level of inventory为了保证物流的及时性,就要求一定的库存存在.第二章英译汉1. An important characteristic of any product is its availability at the place where a customer wishes to consume it任何一个产品的首要特征就是在顾客需要它时能够买到它2.Consumer products are those that are directed to ultimate consumers消费类产品是直接面对终端消费者的产品3.Convenience products are those goods and services that consumer purchase frequently , immediately , and with little comparative shopping ,typical products are banking services ,tobacco items , and many foodstuffs便利型产品是指消费者需要经常及时购买并且不十分需要比较差价的产品和服务,银行服务,烟草产品和许多食品都是典型的便利型产品.4.Shopping products are those for which consumers are willing to seek and compare ,comparing in many location the price , quality , and performance, and making a purchase only after careful deliberation购买产品是消费者愿意寻寻觅觅,比较价格,质量和性能,三思之后才作出购买决定Specialty products are those for which buyers are willing to expend a substantial effort and often to wait a significant amount of time in order to acquire them特殊产品是指买家愿意花费大量精力并为了得到它们可以忍受很长的等待时间的产品In customers service performance , availability means providing a product or material onpredictable在客户服务绩效方面,可用性就是在预测的基础上提供产品或原料Availability depends to keeping a safe stock and how fast the stock is filled up according to orders 可用性取决于安全库存以及根据订货填满库存有多快Performance is the ability to achieve a predetermined speed , consistency and flexibility in delivery 绩效是交付货物时到达预期的速度,取得一致性和灵活性的能力The development and maintenance of quality performance are based on continuous measurement of logistical operations质量绩效的开发和维持是以对物流作业持续不断的衡量为基础的Logistics in industrialized countries is now the last frontier for increasing benefits in industrial production工业化国家的物流现在是增加工业生产利润的最后空间It is important to fully understand customer service deliverables when establishing logistical strategy在确定物流决策时,完整理解客户服务的可交付性是重要的.Basic customer service is defined in terms of availability , performance and reliability基本客户服务是从可得性,绩效和可靠性三方面衡量Little else is significant if the customer’s expectations are not fully met如果客户的期望值没有完全实现,其他任何东西都不重要了Logistical performance should be modified over time accommodate changing marketing requirements物流绩效应随时调整,以适应不断变化的市场需求A fundamental quality issue in logistics is the ability to comply to levels of planned inventory availability and operational performance物流中的基本质量问题就是能够遵守计划库存可得性的水平和操作绩效.汉译英In today’s industrial society ,it is universally acknowledged fact that logistics is playing a more and more important role在今天的工业社会里,物流扮演的角色越来越重要,这已有共识Realization of customer’s expectation is core strategy of successful logistics实现顾客的期望值是成功物流的一个核心战略Achievement of logistics high efficiency can’t be realized without physical vehicles’continuous improvement in technology实现物流高效率离不开实物运输工具在技术上的不断改进The ultimate in logistics quality is to do everything right and do it right the first time物流的最终质量要求就是那每件事都做对并在第一时间做对Foodstuffs are typical convenience products事物是典型的方便性消费品Automobiles and houses are products that people can buy after careful deliberation汽车,房子是人们经过深思熟虑后才购买的产品By the end of this year ,the company’s profits must be very substantial with increasing market expansion因为市场的不断开拓,公司今年年底的效益一定非常可观.Many films are trying to create their unique brand in order to guide customers’ preference许多公司都在努力创造自己的特色品牌以引导消费者的偏好Products can be divided into two categories : industrial products and consumer products产品分为工业用品和消费用品Effective products distribution patterns can save a great deal of time for the whole logistics process 有效的产品配送模式能够给整个物流过程节省大量时间1.Transport may account for one-third to two-thirds of total logistic costs交通运输可能占整个物流系统成本的1/3到2/32.The choices available to the user typically include the five major transport modes (air truck railwater and pipe ) and their combinations用户一般可以选择五大运输模式(飞机汽车火车水路和管道运输)也可以相互结合使用3.the cost characteristics vary from one mode to anther determine their rate structures几个模式的成本的特点各有千秋,决定了费率结构有所不同4.on the other hand , carrier preference is based on the extent of shipment handling at terminalsand inherent speed of the carrier另一方面,船舶绩效取决于码头上的装卸能力以及船本身的速度5.the transportation equipment is the same as that used domestically , with the exception thatcertain elements of the transport system have become more important运输设备和国内使用的一样,但运输系统的某些细节变的更为重要6.fortunately , there exist middlemen , agents ,freight forwarders , and brokers to assist theshipper with international movement幸运的是,有许多中间商,代理商,货代,和经纪人帮助托运人进行国际贸易往来7.Transport may account for one-third to two-thirds of total logistic costs交通运输可能占整个物流系统成本的1/3到2/38.The choices available to the user typically include the five major transport modes (air truck railwater and pipe ) and their combinations用户一般可以选择五大运输模式(飞机汽车火车水路和管道运输)也可以相互结合使用9.the cost characteristics vary from one mode to anther determine their rate structures几个模式的成本的特点各有千秋,决定了费率结构有所不同10.on the other hand , carrier preference is based on the extent of shipment handling at terminalsand inherent speed of the carrier另一方面,船舶绩效取决于码头上的装卸能力以及船本身的速度11.the transportation equipment is the same as that used domestically , with the exception thatcertain elements of the transport system have become more important运输设备和国内使用的一样,但运输系统的某些细节变的更为重要12.fortunately , there exist middlemen , agents ,freight forwarders , and brokers to assist theshipper with international movement幸运的是,有许多中间商,代理商,货代,和经纪人帮助托运人进行国际贸易往来第三章汉译英Transportation is a vital component in the design and management of logistic system ,it may account for one-third to two thirds of total logistic costs运输是物流系统中设计和管理的一个重要部分,可能占整个物流成本的1/3到2/3the cost characteristics vary from one mode to anther and determine their rates structure几个模式的成本的特点各有千秋,决定了费率结构有所不同rates are based primarily on three factors : distance shipment size and competition费率主要由3个方面决定---运输距离船运货物的大以及市场竞争cost allocation is one of the many factors that affect pricing成本分配是影响定价的诸多因素之一the shipper’s perspective about it is important ,though it is chiefly something that the carrier should pay attention on虽然这只是承运人应当注意的事情,但托运人的看法也很重要aside from exceptional circumstances , transport rates must at least cover variable costs除例外的情况,运输费率至少必须弥补变动成本the user of the international transportation system may feel overwhelmed by increased documentation , by differences in carrier liability , by various customs procedures and the use of foreign trade zones国际运输系统的用户面对越来越厚的文书,不同的承运责任,不一样的海关手续和外贸区的适用规则感到手足无措we have to divide large shipments into small ones我们得把大宗货物分成小批量第四章This does not mean the more you have in the form of inventory , the richer you are这并不是意味着以库存的形式存放的货物越多,你就富有The interest accrues on the capital invested in the carrying inventory利息随着投资在存货上的本金的多少而增减In many countries , taxes are levied on the average inventory level on a specific day of the year许多国家中按一年某一特定的日子的平均库存水平征收税款Obsolescence means the deterioration of products in storage and is not covered by insurance损耗指仓库的产品老旧了,这里不包含在保险范围内The storage cost incurs in respect of product holding储存成本产生于产品保管For the time being we are concerned only with the question of how much we have to pay for obsolescence cost这里我们仅关心我们要有多少无形损耗费的问题Not many people are driving pickups of that we don’t keep stocks of any spark plugs for such old cars没多少人开那些年出的皮卡了,我们没有这种老爷车的火花塞I’m sure they will transport it by air and you can get it on the same day我确定他们肯定会空运的,当天就能收到This means the more you have in the form of inventory , the more you have to pay to keep the inventory这意味着以库存的形式储存的越多,你为了保持库存所付出的就越多The logic behind it is that the cash to replace capital invested in inventory can be purchased in themoney market其暗含的逻辑是代替投资在库存上的本金的现金可在货币市场买到汉译英Inventory is viewed as playing a role in the value-added process库存被认为是一个增值的手段Overstock of the inventory will incur expenses not only in warehouse , but also in many aspects库存过量不仅增加仓储方面的费用,也增加其他方面的费用On(the) one hand ,capital cost increases with the lot size , on the other hand ,the interest accrues on the capital invested in the carrying inventory一方面本金随着批量大小而改变,另一方面,利息随着投资在运输存货上的本金的多少而增减In inventory planning , we should be able to answer three basic question在对库存做计划方面,我们需要考虑三个基本问题Insurance cost is direct levy normally based on estimated risk or exposure over time保险费一般根据预计风险或风险次数直接征收第五章The packing is strong enough to stand rough handling这种包装很坚固,足以承受粗放的装卸Owing to improper packaging , the goods are terribly damaged由于不适当的包装,货物严重受损We hope the packaging will be of a brighter color我们希望包装的颜色再鲜艳一点儿We have especially reinforced our packaging in order to minimize the extent of any possible damage to the goods为使货物可能遭受到的损害减到最小,我们已对包装进行了特别加固Y ou shall be held liable for any loss resulting from improper packaging因包装不善而造成的损失应由你方负责汉译英Could you improve the packaging你们能否改进一下包装?Y ou will surely find our products’ packaging beautiful and well-done你一定发现我们产品的包装美观讲究A products should be not only fine in quality , but also attractive in packaging一种商品不但要质量好,而且包装要有吸引力I’d like to hear what you say concerning the matter of packaging我很想听听你们就包装问题发表的意见The crux of packing lies in protecting the goods from water包装的关键在于防水Our containers are recyclable我们的容器都是可回收利用的第六章英译汉However,the emergence of the supply chain management concept has enlightened many managers about the strategic role played by purchasing.但是，供应管理概念的出现使许多管理人员从采购所起到的战略性作用中受到启发．Purchased goods and services are one of the largest elements of costs for many firms.许多公司购买的产品和服务是成本的最大几个部分之一．３.Stockouts of raw material or component parts can shut down a production plant.原材料告罄或零部件告急都会导致一个生产厂家关门待产．４.Without effective purchasing practices,operations in a firm may be disrupted ,customer service levels may fall,and long-term customer realationship may be damaged.缺乏富有成效采购，公司的运作就会陷入混乱，客户服务水平也会下降，长期的客户关系就会受损．５.Excessive inventory will ultimately result in higher than necessary total ligistics cost.过多的存货量将导致最终的物流总成本超支．汉译英第七章英译汉Supply chain information systems（SCIS）are the thread that links logistics activities into an integrated process.供应链信息系统是将物流活动连接成一个综合过程的线条．The major objective for logistics organization is to achieve coordination among logistics activities for their planning and control.物流组织的主要目标是在物流各活动之间取得协调以便计划和控制．Sometimes the inventory manager increases his levels of inventory to meet the requirement of a less expensive but slower means of transport.有时库存经理增加库存量以达到价格低廉但速度较慢的运输方式的要球．Information flow was often overlooked because it was not viewed as being critical by customers.信息流经常被忽略，因为客户认为信息流不是关键．The speed of information exchange/transfer was limited to the speed of paper at that time.当时信息交换／转移的速度受制于纸张的速度．6．Information technology (IT) consists of the hardware and software used throughout a supply chain to gather and analyze information.信息技术（IT）包括了在整个供应链中收集和分析信息的硬件和软件设备。
墨菲物流学英文版第12版课后习题答案第1章
PART IIANSWERS TO END-OF-CHAPTER QUESTIONSCHAPTER 1: AN OVERVIEW OF LOGISTICS1-1. Did it surprise you that logistics has such an important economic impact? Why or why not?The answer to this question likely depends on the student’s prior exposure to logistics. A typical student in an undergraduate, introductory logistics course likely has had limited exposure to and knowledge about logistics and thus might be unaware as to logistics’ economic impact. As such, a student might be pleasantly surprised to learn that logistics is important for a country’s economic growth and development.1-2. Distinguish between possession, form, time, and place utility.Possession utility refers to the value or usefulness that comes from a customer being able to take possession of a product and can be influenced by the relevant payment terms. Form utility refers to a product’s being in a form that (1) can be used by the customer and (2) is of value to the customer. Time utility refers to having products available when they are needed by customers while place utility refers to having products available where they are needed by customers.1-3. How does logistics contribute to time and place utility?Logistics contributes to time utility by recognizing that different products have different sensitivities to time. For example, a three-day-late delivery of bananas likely has more serious consequences than a three-day-late delivery of a box of pencils. As for place utility, logistics facilitates the movement of products from points of lesser value to points of greater value.1-4. How can a particular logistics system be effective but not efficient? Effectiveness can be thought of as “how well a company does what it says it’s going to do;” efficiency focuses on how well (or poorly) company resources are used to achieve what a company promises it can do. There are a multitude of examples that would illustrate an effective, but inefficient, logistics system. For example, some companies routinely use premium and expedited methods of transportation—which increase transportation costs—to meet customer delivery requirements. As such, the logistics system could be considered effective (meeting delivery deadlines) but perhaps not efficient (increased transportation costs).1-5. Explain the significance of the fact that the purpose of logistics is to meet customer requirements.One reason for this significance is that meeting customer requirements means that companies must know—rather than assume—customer needs and wants. This knowledge is facilitated by communication between companies and their customers. Even today, some companies are hesitant to communicate with customers. In addition, meeting customer requirements means that a one-size-fits-all approach to logistics will result in some customers being overserved and others being underserved. As a result, companies should consider a tailored logistics approach, where groups of customers who have similar logistical needs and wants are provided with the appropriate logistical services.1-6. Explain how an understanding of logistics management could be relevant to your favorite charitable organization.There are any number of examples that can be used. The textbook mentions the Food Bank of New York City; from a logistical perspective, the Food Bank of New York City is responsible for collecting, sorting, repacking, and distributing food from its 90,000 square-foot warehouse.1-7. How has a reduction in economic regulation contributed to the increased importance of logistics?Reductions in economic regulation in the United States allowed individual carriers flexibility in pricing and service, and this flexibility was important to logistics for several reasons. First, it provided companies with the capability to implement the tailored logistics approach in the sense that companies could specify different logistics service levels and prices could be adjusted accordingly. Second, the increased pricing flexibility allowed large buyers of transportation services to reduce their transportation costs by leveraging large amounts of freight with a limited number of carriers.1-8. Discuss the logistical implications associated with the increased emphasis on the convenience associated with a family’s shopping experience.This convenience is manifested in various ways to include extended store hours, home delivery of purchased items, and ready-to-eat/ready-to-cook foods. From a logistics perspective, extended store hours force retailers to address issues such as the optimal delivery times for replenishment trucks and when to replenish merchandise. A logistical challenge with home delivery is the coordination of delivery times with the purchaser’s ability to receive the item(s). Finally, ready-to-eat-ready-to-cook foods have different packaging requirements, and food processors continue to experiment with packaging alternatives that will extend the shelf life of ready-to-cook foods.1-9. What are some ways in which technology has impacted logistics management? Technological advances have influenced channel design by allowing companies to offer an alternate distribution channel (or alternate distribution channels) to already existing channels. Technological advances can also improve the productivity of the order picking process, which traditionally involved paper pick tickets. Today, by contrast, order picking can utilize radio frequency devices, voice-directed picking, and robotic picking. Shipment tracking provides another example of how technological advances have impacted logistics management. Global positioning systems can provide real-time location information about a shipment, as well as provide information about a vehic le’s temperature, humidity, and vibrations.1-10. Explain how big-box retailers are logistical trendsetters.The logistics practices of big-box retailers are often viewed as barometers for emerging logistics trends. Big-box retailers have also been trendsetters with respect to environmental and social issues in logistics. As an example, one of Best Buy’s sustainability goals for 2020 is to recycle one billion pounds of consumer goods.1-11. What is the systems approach to problem solving? How is this concept applicable to logistics management?The systems approach to problem solving suggests that a company’s objectives can be realized by recognizing the mutual interdependence of its major functional areas, such as marketing, production, finance, and logistics. As such, decisions made by one functional area can have important implications for the other functional areas. With respect to logistics, the systems approach suggests that one should recognize the mutual interdependence of the various activities that constitute the logistics function. Thus, a transportation decision may impact inventory, warehousing, and packaging, among others.1-12. Distinguish between materials management and physical distribution.Materials management refers to the movement and storage of materials into a firm while physical distribution refers to the storage of finished product and movement to the customer.1-13. Explain what is meant by the total cost approach to logistics.The total cost approach to logistics is built on the premise that all relevant activities in moving and storing products should be considered as a whole (i.e., their total cost) and not individually. Use of the total cost approach requires an understanding of cost trade-offs. In other words, changes to one logistics activity cause some costs to increase and others to decrease. The key to the total cost approach is that all relevant cost items are considered simultaneously when making a decision. The objective is to find the approach with the lowest total cost that supports the organization’s customer service requirements.1-14. Define what is meant by a cost trade-off. Do you believe that this concept is workable? Why or why not?A cost trade-off acknowledges that changing patterns or activities of distribution will result in some costs increasing and other costs decreasing. The net effect, however, should be an overall cost decrease for providing a given level of customer service.The remainder of this question asks for the student’s opinion about the workability of this concept. Although nearly any answer is acceptable, those students who believe that cost trade-offs are unworkable might have difficulty with many of the concepts presented throughout the text.1-15. What are several areas in which finance and logistics might interface?The finance department is often in charge of capital budgeting decisions that would affect logistics, such as materials handling and packaging equipment. Another potential area of finance and logistics interface is with respect to inventory; finance tends to view inventory from a dollar perspective while logistics tends to be more concerned with the number of units of inventory. This dichotomy is highlighted by the concept of obsolescence, which reduces the monetary value of inventory by a certain amount per period of time—even though the actual quantity of inventory may be unchanged.1-16. Discuss the postponement concept as it relates to the production and logistics interface.Postponement refers to the delay of value-added activities such as assembly, production, and packaging until the latest possible time. Some value-added activities, such as case packing and case labeling, that were traditionally performed at a production plant are now performed in warehousing facilities. As a result, warehousing facilities are adding new types of equipment and being configured differently to allow specific value-added activities to take place.1-17. Define what is meant by a landed cost and explain its relevance for pricing decisions.Landed cost refers to the price of a product at its source plus transportation costs to its destination. On the one hand, a selling price that is based on a product’s landed cost allows the seller to offer “free” delivery of the product to prospective customers, because the transportation costs associated with delivery are captured in the landed cost. On the other hand, a selling price that is based on a product’s landed cost could result in a substantial increase in a product’s selling price, and a higher selling price tends to decrease buyer demand for most products.1-18. Discuss several possible interfaces between marketing and logistics in terms of product decisions.One interface involves the marked increase in product offerings; marketers like this increase because it allows for more customer choice, but these additional choices create logistical challenges in terms of identification, storage, and tracking. Another interface concerns the amount of a particular item (SKU) to hold. Marketers prefer to carry higher quantities for particular items because this reduces the likelihood of stockouts; however, from a logistics perspective, higher quantities of inventory necessitate additional storage space and increase inventory carrying costs.Students can also discuss product design and sustainable products.1-19. Briefly discuss the ownership, negotiations, financing, promotion, and logistics channels.The ownership channel covers movement of the title to the goods; the goods themselves might not be physically present or even exist. The negotiations channel is the one in which buy and sell agreements are reached and can include telephone, email, and electronic data interchange, among others. The financing channel handles payment for goods and the company’s credit, while the promotions channel is concerned with promoting a new or an existing product. Finally, the logistics channel handles the physical flow of the product.1-20. Discuss five activities that might be part of a company’s logistics department.The chapter presents, and briefly describes, 12 separate activities that might be part of a company’s logistics department. Any 5 of the 12 activities are acceptable for students to discuss.PART IIICASE SOLUTIONSCASE 1.1 KIDDIELAND AND THE SUPER GYMQuestion 1: List and discuss the advantages and disadvantages of purchasing a two-wheel trailer for each store to use for delivering the Super Gyms.Because the stores are in a number of states, one would have to check the motor vehicle and insurance requirements of each state. An advantage is that deliveries would be under the control of each store. A disadvantage may be labor costs, especially if two workers are needed to make the delivery. Also, once at the site, the store’s employees might be asked to assist in the assembly of the gym.Question 2: List and discuss the advantages and disadvantages of having local trucking companies deliver the Super Gym from the retail stores to the customers.There are probably no disadvantages to using a local trucking company to make the delivery. However, a decision about how to handle the trucking firm’s charges would have to be made.Question 3: List and discuss the advantages and disadvantages of stocking Super Gyms at the distribution centers and then having the truck that makes deliveries from the distribution center to the retail stores also make deliveries of Super Gyms to individual customers.One problem focuses on the size of equipment—large tractor–trailer combinations are not suited to making home deliveries. The actual costs to KiddieLand of using trucks this way might be very high. There might be some savings in inventory costs by stocking the gyms at the distribution center rather than at each retail store.Question 4: List and discuss the advantages and disadvantages of charging customers for home delivery if they are unable to carry home the Super Gym.Perhaps the one advantage to charging for home delivery is that KiddieLand recoups the associated costs. However, because charged home delivery will add to the customer’s total purchase price, there could be a reduction in demand or this could generate customer dissatisfaction.Question 5: Which alternative would you prefer? Why?The student can choose any alternative. However, the text of the case seems to prefer the use of a local trucking company and charging the customer for home delivery.Question 6:Draft a brief statement (catalog copy) to be inserted in the firm’s spring–summer brochure that clearly explains to potential customers the policy that is recommended in Question 5.The brochure is intended for use in all stores, so whatever copy is prepared must be widely applicable. A sentence might read: “The Super Gym comes unassemb led and is packed in three boxes: One weighs ____ pounds and is ____ inches by ____ inches by____ inches; the second weighs ____ pounds and is ____ inches by ____ inches by ____ inches; and the third weighs ____ pounds and is ____ inches by ____ inches by ____ inches. Assembly requires the following tools: ____; ____; ____; and ____.”Question 7: At the first meeting, A.J. asked about SUVs, but there was no further mention of them. How would you follow up on his query?Anyone in the group could answer that SUVs have more carrying capacity than autos and many also have trailer hitches. SUVs are sufficiently popular—particularly in the United States—such that many buyers of the Super Gym equipment would either have a SUV or be able to borrow one.。
实用物流专业英语 物流专业英语参考答案 (本章节完整).doc
ReferencesUnit 1 An Introduction to Business LogisticsPart II. Exercises for Dialogue 1Answer the following questions according to the dialogue.1.Logistics means to supply the right product at the right time in the rightquantity in the right condition at the right place for the right customer at the right price.2.It includes the procurement, maintainance, distribution and replacementof personnel and material.3.These two concepts are the same meanings. Logistics is generalmeaning and includes militaiy definition and business definition.Business logistics stresses special term on a trade or business. Exercises for Dialogue 21.(Opening)2.(Opening)Part III. Practical ReadingsExercises for Text 1I.Answer the following questions:1.Business logistics means to be defined as a business-planning framework for the management of material, service, information and capital flows.2.Business logistics involves the following activities: demand forecasting,procurement, materials handling, packaging, warehouse and inventory management, ordering processing, logistics communications, transport, customer service and so on.3- The role of logistics is to maintain the balance between the minute details and the main elements involved in a product.II・1 •商务物流管理有不同版本的不同定义2必要资源的利用3.逆向货物的搬运4.人员和材料的补充5.复杂信息6.现代的商业环境7.需求预测8.设施场地选择9.公司最重要的财富10.公司战略抉择走势评定III.definitions—heart■—output■一service―strategyIV.1.这一非常宽广的物流观点把单一的供应链与贸易公司的方方面而整合在一起。
物流英语(第一篇第一单元)
背景知识：
物流是指以满足顾客需求为目的，考虑成本和效益的物 质资料从供给者到需求者的实体性移动, 是创造时间效用和 空间效用的经济活动。我国国家标准《物流术语》（GB/T 18354-2006）对物流的定义是：物品从供应地向接收地的 实体流动过程。根据实际需要，将运输、储存、搬运、装卸、 包装、流通加工、配送、信息处理等基本功能实施有机结合。 1.物流的研究对象是贯穿流通领域和生产领域的一切物 料流以及有关的信息流，研究目的是对其进行科学规划、管 理与控制，使其高效率、高效益地完成预定的服务目标。 2.物流的活动范围及其广泛，既包括原材料与供应阶段 的物流，也包括生产阶段的物流、销售阶段的物流．退货阶 段的物流及废弃物处理的物流等整个生产、流通、消费过程 的全部物流活动。
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Unit One
Ⅰ. (Omitted)
Ⅱ.
1.defines
2.encompasses
3. focus
4.impact
5. discipline
6.links
7. flow
8. storage
9. arises 10. finished 11 added-value 12. requires 13. enrolling 14. every time 15. availability
Ⅲ. 1. adopted 2. efficient movement 3. includes 4. control 5. dates back 6. large quantities 7. at a rapid rate 8. differentiate among 9. concerned with 10. concentrates….on 11. distribution 12. perceived as 13. went through 14. take place 15. considered
Ⅳ.
1、从广义上看，它是整个物流的产出；也就是说，客户服务及其满意程度是
物流系统最终为消费者提供的产品。
2、库存管理平衡库存成本和断货成本，以免当客户需要货物时却没有存货的
损失。
3、以前,物流活动是支离破碎的，一系列物流活动分布在各职能组织部门，无
法实现合作，每个部门独立预算、各自为政。
4、随着20世纪90年代早期经营过程再造的出现，物流与相关职能的关系被重新界定。
经营过程再造破除了传统职能的界限，确立了许多面向顾客的核心业务。
有效管理这些过程要求开发职能部门间新的工作关系并建立跨职能团队。
5、供应商与顾客的不确定性行为常常致使公司积累缓冲库存。
现在更为开放的信息交流和物流活动的密切合作使得企业为了整个供应链的共同利益能够缩减订货前置时间并且减少库存。
Ⅴ.
1. Companies are finding that logistics management has become a critical
function in differentiation, profitability and even survival. Place, time and value—these are the fundamental elements in logistics management. Along with the supply chain, transport and inventory are intermediate links where costs can be squeezed out, performance raised and value added. Although the ideas have been around for a long time they have only been raised to an art form, and indeed
a science in its own right, in the last decade. The reason for it is the exponential
development of information technology—because information and its use are the key to unlocking the benefits in logistics management.
2. An effective logistics strategy focuses on efficient international supply chain
management. Importers are constantly searching for ways to improve their efficiency not only by streamlining procedures, but also by identifying and exploiting any available cost-saving opportunities. In an international environment where components are purchased and products sold in multiple destinations with different tax and tariff jurisdictions, understanding the customs, V AT and direct tax implications of that strategy is essential.
Ⅵ .(Omitted)
Ⅶ.
1. D D C B A
2. A D B A B
3. D D . A .A C
4. D D B B A。