2013年对外经济贸易大学英语翻译基础真题试卷.doc
2013年对外经济贸易大学英语翻译基础真题试卷.doc
2013年对外经济贸易大学英语翻译基础真题试卷(总分：64.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、词语翻译(总题数：32，分数：60.00)1.英译汉__________________________________________________________________________________________ 2.litigation & arbitration（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 3.Securities Law（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 4.managing director（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 5.globalization（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 6.patent（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 7.expropriation（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 8.counter trade（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 9.negotiable instrument（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 10.state of the art（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 11.survival of the fittest（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 12.ASEAN（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 13.CIF（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 14.FDA（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 15.GATT（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 16.GSP（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 17.ISO（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 18.ITC（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 19.NAFTA（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 20.MERCOSUR（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 21.UNITC（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 22.汉译英__________________________________________________________________________________________23.合资经营（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 促销__________________________________________________________________________________________ 股东__________________________________________________________________________________________ 贬值__________________________________________________________________________________________ 27.技术密集型（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 利率__________________________________________________________________________________________ 29.绩效评估（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 30.边际效应（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 31.消费者物价指数（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 董事__________________________________________________________________________________________二、英汉互译(总题数：4，分数：4.00)33.英译汉__________________________________________________________________________________________ nguage is the primary way in which producers and distributors communicate with consumers. Those involved with personal selling will find that speaking the local language isn"t optional but a requirement for success. Besides just being able to get the basic information across to the customer, a salesperson also communicates the company"s dedication to the marketplace. All salespeople face an uphill battle when trying to promote a product, but those without the requisite language skills may find that the hill is almost nguage skills will also come into play when advertising and promotional collateral(brochures, manuals, business cards)are translated. A poorly worded document or mistranslated slogan can sink a sales effort before it even starts.(Wanting to assure their Belgian target audience of the sturdiness of their vehicles, General Motors" marketeers once translated their slogan of "Body by Fisher" into Flemish. The resulting translation read more like "Corpse by Fisher" with embarrassing results. One could question whether, even if it had been properly translated, the slogan would have had the desired effect on the Belgian consumers.)The choice of brand names will also rely heavily on how the translation or logo design will play in the new market.Prior to distribution, all translated advertising and promotional materials should be reviewed numerous times by native speakers to uncover potential problems. All administrative and sales personnel who will be working regularly in the target market must have a degree of fluency that will permit their marketing skills to be effective over the long-term.Understanding the target culture is a continuing difficulty, even for major global market players. Pundits may be claiming that the world is becoming more and more homogenized, but there"s only scant evidence of it in marketing. Cultural challenges are perceptual, and perception changes regularly. Having a firm understanding of what a culture was like a decade ago is of practically no use today. Cultural research must be continually updated if advertising and promotions are to work.Even cultures that have had a long-term relationship with each other can have difficulty communicating. For instance, though the Paris-based House of Chanel has been a name brand in the United States for many decades, they were unable to reach the American market with an ad that was hugely successful in Europe. The now-famous Egoistefragrance ad—featuring women screaming out the brand name from the windows of a Riviera hotel —made very little sense to the U. S. consumer. The ad was just " too French" for the United States and demonstrates a lack of market research. Another Chanel advertising campaign, this one for the Coco line, featured scantily clad European pop star Vanessa Paradis swinging on a trapeze inside of a birdcage. This ad was quite successful, even though few in the U. S. market knew who Ms. Paradis was. In this case, the sexual nature of the advertisement crossed the cultural line. The same ad, however, would have been banned in much of Asia and the Middle East.Very few advertising campaigns succeed in crossing cultural lines on a global basis. Certain categories of products are more easily "globalized" than others. Those that become part of a "lifestyle"(beverages, clothing, personal care, food)are the most common cultural crossers. Thus, Budweiser, Levis, Lancome, and Mars have all had an easy time making cultural inroads. Because these "lifestyle enhancers" are positioned by the "image" they create, they are intentionally directed at youth, who often prefer to separate themselves from the dominant local culture. Advertising schemes that have the greatest chance of succeeding globally exhibit the following attributes: simplicity, directness, humor and clever imagery. All four components should be as broad as possible in composition for the ad to have universal appeal.（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 35.汉译英__________________________________________________________________________________________ 36.推进经济结构战略性调整是加快转变经济发展方式的主攻方向。
对外经济贸易大学翻译硕士汉语写作学位MTI考试真题2013年_真题-无答案
对外经济贸易大学翻译硕士汉语写作学位MTI考试真题2013年(总分150,考试时间90分钟)第一部分百科知识(一)单项选择从A、B、C、D四个选项中选择一个正确答案。
1. 中唐是唐诗流派纷呈的时代，除以自居易、张籍、王建等为代表的原白诗派外，主要有大历、贞元年间的一派诗人，包括刘长卿、韦应物和“大历十才子”，其中______曾自称为“五言长城”，他的五绝诗《逢雪宿芙蓉山主人》。
A.张籍 B.韦应物 C.刘长卿 D.王建2. 在北宋诗人中，______自成一家，当时其诗就被称为“山谷体”，他是江西诗派的创始人。
A.骆宾王B.王勃C.杨炯D.黄庭坚3. 词究其本来性质而言，是歌辞，是广义上的诗歌的一种。
晚唐的词人中以______最为著名，他是花间词派的创始人之一。
A.温庭筠 B.白居易 C.刘禹锡 D.张志和4. 元代杂剧是中国戏曲史上第一个高峰，标志着中国古代戏曲真正走向了成熟。
杂剧______的故事来源于唐代自居易的诗《井底引银瓶》，这部杂剧是白朴最成功的剧作。
A.《倩女离魂》B.《墙头马上》 C.《救风尘》 D.《汉宫秋》5. 南戏是南曲戏文的简称，它最初流行于浙东沿海一带，故又称“温州杂剧”、《永嘉杂剧》或《永嘉戏曲》。
南戏的形式在元末明初逐步定型。
高明的______向来被称为“南戏之祖”。
A.《琵琶记》B.《赵贞女》C.《王魁》D.《荆钗记》6. 清代是中国古代文学的最后一个时期。
在诗歌方面，明末清初诗坛上，______是影响最大的诗人。
他的诗歌主张在重“性情”的同时，也重“学问”，具有向宋诗回复的意味，代表作有《初学集》《有学集》等。
A.蒲松龄 B.李玉 C.李汝珍 D.钱谦益7. 盛唐时期的边塞诗也负有盛名，______的诗作《燕歌行》是唐代边塞诗的压卷之作。
A.李宝嘉 B.吴沃尧 C.高适 D.曾朴8. 中国现当代文学是现代文学和当代文学的合称，文学史上一般认为：从1917年到“五四”文学革命开始到1949年中华人民共和国成立之前的中国文学为中国现代文学，中华人民共和国成立之后一直到现在的中国文学被称为中国当代文学。
2013年对外经济贸易大学357英语翻译基础考研试题(回忆版)
2013年对外经济贸易大学357英语翻译基础考研试题）回忆版）（回忆版本试题由网友resuming、cassielau提供一、词组翻译英译汉：Glocalization, counter trade, patent,汉译英：合资企业、利率、贬值、绩效评估、二、缩略语NAFTA, MERCOSUR, GSP, UNIFC, IFC, ASEAN,三、篇章翻译英译汉是有关语言在经济活动中的影响，其中有许多公司和品牌名称，字数大约为400字，B5纸一页多：汉译英为典型的ZF文件类，都是动宾词组，如促进产业结构升级，推进城镇化建设，重点放在中西部，优先发展东部地区等，字数为300字左右。
总之字数较去年都有所增加。
原文：推进经济结构战略性调整。
这是加快转变经济发展方式的主攻方向。
必须以改善需求结构、优化产业结构、促进区域协调发展、推进城镇化为重点，着力解决制约经济持续健康发展的重大结构性问题。
要牢牢把握扩大内需这一战略基点，加快建立扩大消费需求长效机制，释放居民消费潜力，保持投资合理增长，扩大国内市场规模。
牢牢把握发展实体经济这一坚实基础，实行更加有利于实体经济发展的政策措施，强化需求导向，推动战略性新兴产业、先进制造业健康发展，加快传统产业转型升级，推动服务业特别是现代服务业发展壮大，合理布局建设基础设施和基础产业。
建设下一代信息基础设施，发展现代信息技术产业体系，健全信息安全保障体系，推进信息网络技术广泛运用。
提高大中型企业核心竞争力，支持小微企业特别是科技型小微企业发展。
继续实施区域发展总体战略，充分发挥各地区比较优势，优先推进西部大开发，全面振兴东北地区等老工业基地，大力促进中部地区崛起，积极支持东部地区率先发展。
网上的英文对照：Carry out strategic adjustment of the economicstructureThis is the major goal of accelerating the change ofthe growth model.We must strive to remove major structural barriers tosustained and sound economic development, with a focus on improving the demandmix and the industrial structure, promoting balanced development betweenregions and advancing urbanization.We should firmly maintain the strategicfocus of boosting domestic demand, speed up the establishment of a long-termmechanism for increasing consumer demand, unleash the potential of individualconsumption, increase investment at a proper pace, and expand the domestic market.We should focus on developing the real economy as a firm foundation of theeconomy.We should adopt policies and measures to better facilitate thedevelopment of the real economy.We should make the economy more demand-driven,promote the sound growth of strategic emerging industries and advancedmanufacturing industries, speed up the transformation and upgrading oftraditional industries, develop and expand the service sector, especiallymodern service industries, and make the geographical and structural layout ofthe development of infrastructure and basic industries more balanced. We shoulddevelop next-generation information infrastructure and modern IT industry,better ensure information security, and promote the applicationof informationnetwork technologies.We should enhance the core competitiveness of large andmedium-sized enterprises and support development of small and microbusinesses,especially small and micro science and technology companies.We should continueto implement the master strategy for regional development and fully leveragethe comparative advantages of different regions.We should give high priorityto large-scale development of the western region, fully revitalize oldindustrial bases in northeast China,work vigorously to promote the rise of the central region, and support theeastern region in taking the lead in development.以上试题来自网友的回忆，仅供参考，纠错请发邮件至suggest@。
高译教育-上海对外经贸大学考研英语翻译基础真题2013
上 海 对 外 贸 易 学 院 2013年 攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试《英语翻译基础》试题适用翻译硕士专业（全部试题均做在答题纸上，否则不予得分）一、Phrases translation: (60 points)1. a seasoned general manager2. Saint Laurent, Chanel, Gucci, Amarni and other brands in the emerging market3. Double-digit growth in sales and operating profit4. Exceptional poised, articulate, and effective5. P&L experience6. Outstanding executive presence and communication skills7. To leverage customer relationships8. To quantify the financial impact of marketing and business decision 9. State-of-the art policy10. R uled out a few additional niche acquisitions11. T o increase pretax margins by 20%12. T o beg off 13. D rag one’s feet新浪 @ 鬼谷一喵 姚洋老师授课丗1312-6505-007电联14. E nough’s enough 15. F iduciary responsibility1. 行业知识丰富2. 极具合作精神，在跨部门项目中表现出色3. 获得极为正面的客户反馈4. 提升品牌质量和现场销售管理质量5. 自有品牌产品6. 负责3亿美元的产品业务7. 负责多个职能部门8. 组织一次全国销售会议9. 远见和个人魅力 10. 在风险重重的十字路口 11. 有创造力，出色的市场意识 12. 设定高绩效的标准13. 有号召力，能领导复杂项目14. 有机增长15. 担任更多的职务，增加业界间知名度二、Paragraphs translation: (90 points)1. Translate the following passage into Chinese :《Give respect and get performance 》新浪 @ 鬼谷一喵 姚洋老师授课丗1312-6505-007电联It sounds clichéd, but to get the best from your people, you have to showrespect for them. This can result in surprising decisions. There was a time when some people regarded workers in England as lazy and careless, but I recognized that England has a very strong appreciation of craftsmanship and tradition, so wepurchased a high-end footwear company, Church’s shoes. People in Italy thought this was crazy.Our first challenge was to decide what to do with the factories. Church’sowned a plant in the middle of Northampton that employed 600 people, and the smart move appeared to be to relocate it out of town, which would give us more space at less cost. But when I visited the factory, I saw that peopl e’s lives were organizedaround its location. Most employees lived nearby and would go home for lunch. If we moved them out of town, we’d be robbing them of an hour at home and forcing them to bring sandwiches to work. Their quality of life would be compromised, and they wouldn’t be getting anything in return. So we kept the factory in town.That decision has paid dividends. We retained nearly all the company’s veryhardworking and talented people, who have rewarded us with increased productivity. And we’ve proved a larger point: English workers are both cheaper and more industrious than Continental workers.You could say that work is about duties. People have a duty to work hardfor me, but I have a duty to respect them as individuals. Another duty I have is to help them learn. That’s a duty I owe to the company as well as to my employees, because a company whose managers take seriously the obligation to help their people improve will be a lot more competitive. Prada is rather good at developing talented employees. Many of our senior managers joined us as young people, and many of the people who have left us have gone on to launch successful businesses of their own.2. Translate the following passage into English :《重用年轻经理》我特别推崇年轻人。
2013年北京外国语大学英语翻译基础真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)
2013年北京外国语大学英语翻译基础真题试卷(题后含答案及解析) 题型有：1. 词语翻译 2. 英汉互译词语翻译英译汉1．IAEA正确答案：国际原子能机构2．UNICEF正确答案：联合国儿童基金会3．Iron-deficiency anemia正确答案：缺铁性贫血4．sandwich generation正确答案：三明治一代5．hydrocarbon compounds正确答案：碳氢化合物6．eutrophication正确答案：富营养化7．wind turbine正确答案：风力发动机8．temperate ecosystems正确答案：温带生态系统9．depleted nuclear fuel正确答案：贫化铀10．genome正确答案：基因组11．nanotechnology正确答案：纳米技术12．marginal cost正确答案：边际成本13．discount market正确答案：贴现市场14．LDC正确答案：欠发达国家15．eye candy正确答案：华而不实汉译英16．页岩气正确答案：shale gas17．居家养老正确答案：home—based care for the aged18．参政议政正确答案：participate in the administration and discussion of state affairs 19．本币互换协议正确答案：bilateral currency swap agreement20．自主知识产权正确答案：intellectual property right21．存款准备金正确答案：deposit reserve22．专属经济区正确答案：exclusive economic zone23．文化逆差正确答案：cultural deficit24．光伏电池正确答案：photovoltaic cell25．装机容量正确答案：installed capacity26．差额选举正确答案：competitive election27．医药分开正确答案：separation of clinic from pharmacy 28．官二代正确答案：the children of powerful officials 29．屌丝正确答案：diors30．打酱油正确答案：it’s none of someone’s business 英汉互译英译汉31．The conifer hedges in front of J. K. Rowling’s seventeenth-century house, in Edinburgh, are about twenty feet tall. They reach higher than the street lamps in front of them, and evoke the entrance to the spiteful maze in the film adaptation of “Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire, “ the fourth volume of her fantasy series. Rowling, who at forty-seven, is about to publish her first novel for adults—it is set in a contemporary Britain familiar with Jay-Z and online pornography, but is shaded with memories of her own, quite cheerless upbringing—lives here with her second husband, Neil Murray, a doctor, and their children. She has a reputation for reserve: for being likable but shy and thin-skinned, and not at all comfortable with the personal impact of having created a modern myth, sold four hundred and fifty million books, and inspired more than six hundred thousand pieces of Harry Potter fan fiction, a total that increases by at least a thousand stories a week.正确答案：J．K．罗琳住在爱丁堡一座十七世纪的房子里，周围满是针叶树，差不多6．1米高，比它们前面的街灯还要高，很容易让人想起罗琳第四部小说《哈利·波特与火焰杯》的改编电影中神秘莫测的学校入口。
2013MTI英语翻译基础真题回忆版
QE3CNNthe Eighteenth National Congress of the CPCUS pivot to AsiaIMFASEANThe Gaza Strip长三角中产收入陷阱纳米技术独立自主的和平外交政策钓鱼岛争端【想不起了待补充】英译汉Broken BRICs （毁了的“金砖四国）Why the Rest Stopped RisingBy Ruchir SharmaNovember/December 2012Over the past several years, the most talked-about trend in the global economy has been the so-called rise of the rest, which saw the economies of many developing countries swiftly converging with those of their more developed peers. The primary engines behind this phenomenon were the four major emerging-market countries, known as the BRICs: Brazil, Russia, India, and China. The world was witnessing a once-in-a-lifetime shift, the argument went, in which the major players in the developing world were catching up to or even surpassing their counterparts in the developed world.These forecasts typically took the developing world's high growthrates from the middle of the last decade and extended them straight into the future, juxtaposing them against predicted sluggish growthin the United States and other advanced industrial countries. Such exercises supposedly proved that, for example, China was on the verge of overtaking the United States as the world's largest economy-apoint that Americans clearly took to heart, as over 50 percent of them, according to a Gallup poll conducted this year, said they think that China is already the world's "leading" economy, even though the U.S. economy is still more than twice as large (and with a per capita income seven times as high).As with previous straight-line projections of economic trends, however-such as forecasts in the 1980s that Japan would soon be number one economically-later returns are throwing cold water on the extravagant predictions. With the world economy heading for its worst year since 2009, Chinese growth is slowing sharply, from doubledigits down to seven percent or even less. And the rest of the BRICs are tumbling, too: since 2008, Brazil's annual growth has droppedfrom 4.5 percent to two percent; Russia's, from seven percent to 3.5 percent; and India's, from nine percent to six percent.None of this should be surprising, because it is hard to sustainrapid growth for more than a decade. The unusual circumstances of the last decade made it look easy: coming off the crisis-ridden 1990s and fueled by a global flood of easy money, the emerging markets took off in a mass upward swing that made virtually every economy a winner. By 2007, when only three countries in the world suffered negative growth, recessions had all but disappeared from the international scene. But now, there is a lot less foreign money flowing into emerging markets. The global economy is returning to its normal state of churn, with many laggards and just a few winners rising in unexpected places. The implications of this shift are striking, because economic momentum is power, and thus the flow of money to rising stars will reshape the global balance of power.【译文出自网络，仅供参考】为何“其它国家”停止增长？全球经济中提到最多的趋势是所谓的“其它国家”的崛起。
2013年5月翻译资格考试三级英语笔译真题及答案
2013年5月翻译资格考试三级英语笔译真题及答案试题部分：Section 1: English-Chinese Translation (英译汉) Translate the following passage into Chinese.It didn’t take long for Manuel García Murillo, a bricklayer who took over as mayor here last June, to realize that his town was in trouble. It was 800,000 euros, a little more than $1 million, in the red. There was no cash on hand to pay for anything — and there was work that needed to be done.But then an amazing thing happened, he said. Just as the health department was about to c lose down the day care center because it didn’t have a proper kitchen, Bernardo Benítez, a construction worker, offered to put up the walls and the tiles free. Then, Maria José Carmona, an adult education teacher, stepped in to clean the place up.And somehow, the volunteers just kept coming. Every Sunday now, the residents of this town in southwest Spain — young and old — do what needs to be done, whether it is cleaning the streets, raking the leaves, unclogging culverts or planting trees in the park.“I t was an initiative from them,” said Mr. García. “Day to day we talked to people and we told them there was no money. Of course, they could see it. The grass in between the sidewalks was up to my thigh. “Higuera de la Serena is in many ways a microcosm o f Spain’s troubles. Just as Spain’s national and regional governments are struggling with the collapse of the construction industry, overspending on huge capital projects and a pileup of unpaid bills, the same problems afflict many of its small towns.But what has brought Higuera de la Serena a measure of fame in Spain is that the residents have stepped up where their government has failed. Mr. García says his phone rings regularly from other town officials who want to know how to do the same thing. He is serving without pay, as are the town’s two other elected officials. They are also forgoing the cars and phones that usually come with the job.“We lived beyond our means,” Mr. García said. “We invested in public works that weren’t sensible. We are in technical bankruptcy.” Even some money from the European Union that was supposed to be used for routine operating expenses and last until 2013 has already been spent, he said.Higuera de la Serena, a cluster of about 900 houses surrounded by farmland, andtraditionally dependent on pig farming and olives, got swept up in the giddy days of the construction boom. It built a cultural center and invested in a small nursing home. But the projects were plagued by delays and cost overruns.The cultural center still has no bathrooms. The nursing home, a whitewashed building sits on the edge of town, still unopened. Together, they account for some $470,000 of debt owed to the bank. But the rest of the debt is mostly the unpaid bills of a town that was not keeping up with its expenses. It owes for medical supplies, for diesel fuel, for road repair, for electrical work, for musicians who played during holidays.Higuera de la Serena is not completely without workers. It still has a half-time librarian, two half-time street cleaners, someone part-time for the sports complex, a secretary and an administrator, all of whom are paid through various financing streams apart from the town. But the town once had a work force twice the size. And when someone is ill, volunteers have to step in or the gym and sports complex —open four hours a day — must close.Section 2: Chinese-English Translation (汉译英) Translate the following passage into English.10 年来，中国经济持续快速发展，经济实力、综合国力、人民生活水平迈上新的台阶，国家面貌发生举世瞩目的历史性变化，为促进亚洲和世界经济增长作出了重要贡献。
CATTI三级笔译英译汉真题2013年11月_真题-无答案
CATTI三级笔译英译汉真题2013年11月(总分50,考试时间120分钟)PART 1 English-Chinese Translation (60 points)Translate the following passage into Chinese. The time for this part is 120 minutes.1. Stroll through the farmers’ market and you will hear a plethora of languages and see a rainbow of faces. Drive down Canyon Road and stop for halal meat or Filipino pork belly at adjacent markets. Along the highway, browse the aisles of a giant Asian supermarket stocking fresh napa cabbage and mizuna or fresh kimchi. Head toward downtown and you’ll see loncheras — taco trucks —on street corners and hear Spanish bandamusic. On the city’s northern edge, you can sample Indian chaat. Welcome to Beaver ton, a Portland suburb that is home to Oregon’s fastest growing immigrant population. Once a **munity, Beaverton, population 87,000, is now the sixth largest city in Oregon —with immigration rates higher than those of Portland, Oregon’s largest city. Best known as the world headquarters for athletic **pany Nike, Beaverton has changed dramatically over the past 40 years. Settled by immigrants from northern Europe in the 19th century, today it is a place where 80 languages from Albanian to Urdu are spoken in the public schools and about 30 percent of students speak a language besides English, according to English as a Second Language program director Wei Wei Lou. Beaverton’s wave of new residents began arriving in the 1960s, with Koreans and Tejanos (Texans of Mexican origin), who were the first permanent Latinos. In 1960, Beaverton’s population of Latinos and Asians was less than 0.3 percent. By 2000, Beaverton had proportionately more Asian and Hispanic residents than the Portland metro area. Today, **prise 10 percent and Hispanics 11 percent of Beaverton’s population. Mayor Denny Doyle says that many in Beaverton view the immigrants who are rapidly reshaping Beaverton as a source of enrichment. “Citizens here especially in the arts and **munity thin k it’s fantastic that we have all these different possibilities here,” he says. Gloria Vargas, 50, a Salvadoran immigrant, owns a popular small restaurant, Gloria’s Secret Café, in downtown Beaverton. “I love Beaverton,” she says. “I feel like I belong here.” Her mother moved her to Los Angeles as a teenager in 1973, and she moved Oregon in 1979. She landed a coveted vendor spot in the Beaverton Farmers Market in 1999. Now in addition to running her restaurant, she has one of the most popular stalls there, selling up to 200 Salvadoran tamales —wrapped in banana leaves rather than corn husks —each Saturday. “Once they buy my food, they **e back for more,” she says. “It’s pretty relaxed here,” says Taj Suleyman, 28, born and raised in Lebanon, and recently transplanted to Beaverton to start a job working with immigrants from many countries. Half Middle Eastern and half African, Suleyman says he was attracted to Beaverton specifically because of its diversity. He serves on a city-sponsored Diversity Task Force set up by Mayor Doyle. Mohammed Haque, originally from Bangladesh, finds Beaverton very welcoming. His daughter, he boasts, was even elected her high school’s **ing queen. SouthAsians such as Haque have transformed Bethany, a neighborhood north of Beaverton. It is dense with immigrants from Gujarat, a state in India and primary source for the first wave of Beaverton’s South Asian immigrants. The first wave of South Asian immigrants to Beaverton, mostly Gujaratis from India, arrived in the 1960s and 1970s, when the motel and hotel industry was booming. Many bought small hotels and originally settled in Portland, and then relocated to Beaverton for better schools and bigger yards. The second wave of South Asians arrived during the high-tech boom of the 1980s, when the software industry, and Intel and Tektronix, really took off. Many of Beaverton’s Asians converge at Uwajimaya, a 30,000-square-foot supermarket near central Beaverton. Bernie Capell, former special events coordinator at Uwajimaya, says that **e to shop for fresh produce every day. But the biggest group of shoppers at Uwajimaya, she adds, are Caucasians. Beaverton’s Asian population boasts a sizable number of Koreans, who began to arrive in the late 1960s and early 1970s. According to Ted Chung, a native of Korea and Beaverton resident since 1978, three things stand out about his fellow Korean immigrants. Upon moving to Beaverton, they join a Christian church — often Methodist or Presbyterian — as a gathering place; they push their children to excel in school; and they shun the spotlight. Chung says he and his fellow Korean émigrés work hard as small businessmen —owning groceries, dry cleaners, laundromats, delis, and sushi shops — and are frugal so they can send their children to a leading university. Most recently, immigrants from Central and South America, as well as refugees from Iraq and Somalia, have joined the **munity. Many Beaverton organizations help immigrants. The Beaverton Resource Center helps all immigrants with health and literacy services. The Somali Family Education Center helps Somalis and other African refugees to get settled. And one Beaverton elementary school even came up with the idea of a “sew in”— parents of students sewing together — to welcome Somali Bantu parents and bridge major cultural differences. Historically white churches, such as Beaverton First United Methodist Church, offer immigration ministries. And Beaverton churches of all denominations host Korean- or Spanish-language services. Beaverton’s Mayor Doyle wants refugee and immigrant leaders to participate in the town’s decision-making. He set up a Diversity Task Force whose mission is “to build inclusive and **munities in the City of Beaverton.” The task force is working to create a **munity center for Beavertonians of all backgrounds. The resources and warm welcome that Beaverton gives immigrants are reciprocated in the affection that many express for their new home. Kaltun Caynan, 40, a Somali woman who came to Beaverton in 2001 fleeing civil war, is an outreach coordinator for the Somali Family Education Center. “I like it so much,” she said, cheerfully. “Nobody discriminate[s against] me, everybody smiling at me.”。
2013年对外经济贸易大学英语专业(基础英语)真题试卷
2013年对外经济贸易大学英语专业（基础英语）真题试卷(总分：88.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、翻译(总题数：2，分数：4.00)1.Paraphrase each of the following passages. Try not to copy the original sentences. Write your answer on the ANSWER SHEET(10% , 5 points each)."The Antarctic is the vast source of cold on our planet, just as the sun is the source of our heat, and it exerts tremendous control on our climate, "[Jacques]Cousteau told the camera. " The cold ocean water around Antarctica flows north to mix with warmer water from the tropics, and its upwelling helps to cool both the surface water and our atmosphere. Yet the fragility of this regulating system is now threatened by human activity. "(From "Captain Cousteau")（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________2."While the Sears Tower is arguably the greatest achievement in skyscraper engineering so far, it"s unlikely that architects and engineers have abandoned the quest for the world"s tallest building. The question is: Just how high can a building go? Structural engineer William LeMessurier has designed a skyscraper nearly one-half mile high, twice as tall as the Sears Tower. And architect Robert Sobel claims that existing technology could produce a 500-story building. "(From Ron Bachman)（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________二、阅读理解(总题数：2，分数：20.00)Mayor Tom Bradley calls Los Angeles " the most ethnically diverse city in the world, " and he"s surely right. Los Angeles is the new Ellis Island, the place futurists tout as the America of tomorrow. The demographic changes that are beginning to transform the rest of the country are here already. Just a decade ago, Los Angeles was largely white and homogeneous. Today there are no majorities. The 1990 census says the city is 40 percent Latino, 37 percent Anglo and 23 percent black and Asian. Thanks to immigration—legal and illegal—greater Los Angeles has nearly as many Mexicans as Monterrey, more Salvadorans than any city but San Salvador and the largest Korean, Taiwanese, Chinese and Philippine populations in the country. Nearly 100 languages are spoken in the city"s schools. More than 300, 000 newcomers flood in each year, pitting blacks against Hispanics and Asians for jobs and housing in a city where both are scarce. Los Angeles has not been a triumph for the melting pot, at least not yet. Even before the riots, it sometimes resembled a city under siege. Los Angeles is a town where merchants pack guns, where inner-city neighborhoods are divided into precincts with names like " Little Beirut" or " the Kill Zone, " where wealthy neighborhoods are fenced off and posted with warnings Of ARMED RESPONSE. "This is a bunker mentality, " says the head of one of L. A. " s 3, 500 private security firms. Lacking any center, barricaded into nervous camps, Los Angeles has little common ground upon which its diverse citizenry can meet. Nowhere in the country is the gap between rich and poor so evident; nowhere are racial or ethnic relations so complex. Mexicans mistrust Central Americans. Hispanics and Asians coexist uneasily in many neighborhoods. Black looters who torched Asian markets justified themselves as avenging perceived racism. Amid the social fragmentation, blacks are especially isolated. Once southern California"s ascendant minority, African-Americans represent only 13 percent of the city"s population, and that percentage is shrinking. L. A. "s Latinos, by contrast, doubled over the past decade, all but displacing blacks in Watts, home of the 1965 riots, and encroaching on African-American neighborhoods throughout the city. There are no quick fixes to such profound social changes. Politicians will cobble together emergency economic and social programs. Ultimately, though, the solution to L. A. " s crisis will be the very diversity that now poses such challenges. Drive down Melrose Avenue and you are struck by the city"s tremendous ethnic vitality—and its potential. Iranian and Russian restaurants vie with Jewish markets. Armenian exporters jostle Japanese importers. Thai Town gives way to Koreatown which gives way to Little Central America. This is more than a festival of international cuisine. These are thriving businesses with spreading links to greater Los Angeles and beyond. " L. A. is America"s first true world city, " says Safi Qureshey, a Pakistani immigrant whose company, AST Research, Inc. , has become the third largest U. S. computer exporter. You hear a lot of talk these days about Pacific Rim-ism, and how ethnic diversity is the key to the 21st century. In L. A. , much of thattalk is true. Malaysian or Thai businessmen in Los Angeles keep their links to their homelands. Commerce often follows. "This is the modern version of the traditional melting pot, " says Phil Burgess at the Center for the New West. "These new Americans learn English. They plug into the system. But they " assimilate" us as much as we " assimilate" them. " Many of these successes are in neighborhoods that today seem so troubled. Asian communities are quickly vaulting into the middle class. If some Hispanic neighborhoods seem overrun with impoverished newcomers, others are becoming established centers of enterprise. Significantly, Hispanic neighborhoods were largely spared from rioting and looting. The reason is part economics, part ethnicity. Latinos and Asians have a stake in the city in a way that most blacks have not, explains L. A. sociologist Joel Kotkin. "They start more businesses and buy their homes. You don"t torch what you own. " What"s more, Asians and Latinos generally stay put once they make it, spreading their wealth to their neighbors. Blacks, by contrast, tend to behave like many whites. They head for the suburbs, leaving behind a black "community" of predominantly young poor. That isolation must end if Los Angeles is to recover and prosper—and it may well end sooner rather than later. The wealth generated by thriving ethnic businesses will raise the communities around them. That day may be too far off for the rioters, but what"s encouraging is that so many Angelenos still managed to see that vision through the smoke of L. A. "s fires.（分数：10.00）(1).Which of the following is NOT true about Los Angeles?（分数：2.00）A.Immigration makes it the most ethnically diverse city in the world.B.There are not enough jobs and houses for the immigrants.tino accounts for the largest percentage of the population.D.Some people came to settle down in L.A.through illegal means.(2).Which of the following can best describe the city according to the author?（分数：2.00）A.People of many different cultures mingle well in the city.B.Among different ethnic groups there are constant conflicts.C.Little communication takes place because of language barriers.D.Rich people are a threat to the rest of the people in the city.(3).Among all the groups of people, the population of______is shrinking and its people are isolated.（分数：2.00）A.MexicansB.HispanicsnsD.African-Americans(4).To adapt to the social changes, the way out for L.A.may be______.（分数：2.00）A.what causes the problems—diversityB.some effective economic and social programsC.a festival of international cuisineD.getting people to move out of the city(5)."You don"t torch what you own" means______.（分数：2.00）A.You don"t give what you have created to others.B.You don"t want others to destroy your property.C.You don"t want to destroy your own property.D.You are not satisfied with what you have.South Korea wallows in existential angst The phenomenal success of Gangnam Style, a video by Korean rap artist Psy that has been viewed 280m times, is a quirky(and rather catchy)indication of South Korea"s rising fortunes. The dance video gently sends up the nouveau-riche, plastic surgery-enhanced lifestyle that has been made possible by an economic transformation so extraordinary it is known as " the miracle on the Han River". But something curious is happening. Just as South Korea is growing more confident on the world stage—culturally, economically and diplomatically—it is going through something of an existential crisis at home. Suicides are drastically higher, fertility is perilously low and the electorate is flirting with the idea of jettisoning traditional presidential candidates in favour of an untested IT entrepreneur. It seems an odd moment to be having a national nervous breakdown. Samsung and Hyundai have established themselves as premier consumer brands from Canberra to Cupertino. Korea"s per capita income of $30, 000 is fast closing in on the EU average of $33, 000. And whether it is winning $ 20bn nuclear contracts in Abu Dhabi, pouring money into emerging markets such as India, China and Brazil, or vying with Japan to be Washington"s best friend in Asia, Seoul is having a global impact as never before. That is not how it feels at home. The more that theresidents of the fashionable Gangnam district live it up, the more Koreans feel their economic model is skewed towards a privileged elite. Some statistics suggest Korea is among the most unequal of advanced countries. Chaebol conglomerates, the pride of the nation abroad, are considered by many to be economic bullies at home, blamed for squeezing suppliers and pushing small businesses into bankruptcy. Whatever the impressive macroeconomic data suggest, more Koreans feel poor, overworked and weighed down by social pressures. Chief among their concerns is the stress and expense of putting their children through "exam hell" , even in the knowledge that there are too many graduates chasing too few well-paid jobs. No wonder Korea"s birth rate has plummeted—to 1. 23, well below the 2. 2 replacement rate and lower even than Japan, at 1.4. The outgoing conservative government of Lee Myung-bak was good at putting on an international show. It hosted the G20 summit with aplomb. It attracted attention with its "green growth" agenda. But John Delury, assistant professor at Yonsei university, says it neglected domestic social and economic issues. Suicide rates have doubled over the past decade and are now the main cause of death for people under 40. The position of women has advanced at a much slower pace than the economy. Nowhere is the sense of dissatisfaction more apparent than in the campaign for December"s presidential election. The surprise package has been Ahn Chul-soo, a university professor and founder of Ahnlab, an antivirus company, who has gained a cult following especially among Korean youth. The 50-year-old independent—a sort of "anti-politician"—is polling above 40 per cent even though he only declared his presidential ambition this month. Mr. Ahn is funning against two establishment figures. Park Geun-hye is a conservative from the same party as the presidential incumbent. On the liberal establishment side, the Democratic United party has selected Moon Jae-in, aide to a former president. It is a measure of how much Koreans want a break from the past that Ms. Park saw fit this week to apologize for the human rights abuses of her father, the dictator Park Chung-hee, who ran the country for 18 years until he was assassinated in 1979.(On hearing of his fate, his pragmatic daughter"s first words were said to have been "Is the border secure?")Ms. Park has felt it necessary to ditch her impeccably conservative credentials by moving towards the centre. She has taken to talking about " economic democratisation" , a buzz phrase that embraces the idea of weakening the stranglehold of chaebol and fostering a more even distribution of wealth. Mr. Ahn, whose supporters compare him with Barack Obama—the promising 2008 vintage, not the corked 2012 version—represents a rejection of old-style polities. "Moon is the man of the past, Park is a relic of the past, Ahn is the man of the future, " is how Jang Sung-min, a former parliamentarian puts it. The three-way race makes the election result highly unpredictable. Many expect Mr. Ahn and Mr. Moon to come to some sort of last-minute pact. If they do not, they risk splitting the liberal vote and handing victory to Ms. Park, a result that would appear to be at odds with the anti-establishment mood. One possible interpretation of the political mess in general and the popularity of the political novice Mr. Ahn in particular is that Korea is going through a crisis of democratic legitimacy. That would be quite the wrong conclusion. The country that threw off dictatorship in 1987 is now as robust, if imperfect, a democracy as any in Asia, a rebuke to those who argue that Confucian societies or "Asian values" are somehow incompatible with the ballot box. Far from suggesting that democracy is failing Korea, the noisy tussle around the presidency shows a system adapting to the popular will. That, at least, should brighten the national mood.（分数：10.00）(1).What does the author mean by "South Korea wallows in existential angst"?（分数：2.00）A.South Korea is currently experiencing the existential anxiety.B.South Korea now indulges in the existential anger.C.South Korea ties itself with the existential logic.D.South Korea is seeking a new way out of existential crisis.(2).Of the following, what is NOT true about Korea"s "existential crises at home"?（分数：2.00）A.Koreans in general are having a nervous breakdown nationally.B.Fertility is perilously low.C.Suicides are drastically higher.D.South Korea becomes ever more unconfident economically.(3).Which of the following statements is TRUE about Chaebol conglomerates?（分数：2.00）A.They are not considered economic bullies at home.B.They are regarded as pride of the nation abroad.C.They have nothing to do with pushing small businesses to bankruptcy.D.All of above.(4).Compared with Barack Obama, what is the image of Mr. Ahn in his supporters" eyes?（分数：2.00）A.He is an establishment figure.B.He is from a minority group that represents the past.C.He has working experience in an enterprise as Obama does.D.He represents a rejection of old-style and man of the future.(5).According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE on Korea"s democracy?（分数：2.00）A.It has a bright future.B.The democracy is faring in South Korea.C.Korea is going through a crisis of democratic legitimacy.D.Confucian societies or "Asian values" are incompatible with the democracy.三、选词填空(总题数：2，分数：20.00)Choose the correct headings for each of the following paragraphs marked with B to F. Write your answer on the ANSWER SHEET(15 points, 3 points each). List of Headings i. Read all about it ii. It"s easier than ever to buy culture. iii. culture wars iv. Fueling the explosion v. Cultural abundance unlike a building boom vi. We"ve reached a tipping point, or at least turned a corner. vii. Informal relations viii. Anyone can be a maker of culture. ix. Whatever happened to the television test pattern? Example Answer Paragraph A ix A No more than 20 years ago, most TV stations routinely signed off the air for at least a few hours a day. At the end of their broadcast period, stations would slap a test pattern up on the screen until the next morning"s programming began. The test pattern—occasionally an absurd drawing of a Native American but more often a simple geometric shape adorned with call letters—was a great symbol of cultural dead space, of a moment when nothing was happening, when nothing was being transmitted, save perhaps for a monotonous electronic hum. While some stations still do sign off, they are increasingly rare in a hyperkinetic, always-open America that has shifted fully into 24-7 mode. If the test pattern symbolized a moment of silence in the cultural process, then it"s only fitting that its long run has effectively been canceled. B Similar developments range far beyond the small screen. During the past few decades, we have been experiencing what can aptly be called a "culture boom" : a massive and prolonged increase in art, music, literature, video, and other forms of creative expression. Everywhere we look, the cultural marketplace is open and ready for business: The number of places where you can buy books has more than doubled during the past 20 years, while the number of libraries has increased by about 17 percent. More than 25, 000 video rental stores are scattered across the United States, effectively functioning as second-run theaters and art houses even in the most remote backwaters. More than 110 symphony orchestras have been founded since 1980, reports The Wall Street Journal, which also notes that the national 1997 -98 theatrical season "raked in a record $1.3 billion in ticket sales. " About 3 , 500 commercial radio stations and 670 commercial television stations have come on the air since 1970; during the same period, cable viewership has quadrupled. C The increasingly important World Wide Web has provided space for all sorts of commercial and noncommercial culture, ranging from authorized sites to a reader-compiled database of more than 180, 000 movies to translations of Dante"s sonnets to fan-generated art. In video and music production, where equipment costs were once prohibitive enough to seriously limit access, there is a flourishing, self-conscious "do-it-yourself" movement that has taken great advantage of cheaper technology and distribution methods. In a world of $ 100 VCRs, bargain-basement PCs, CD-rewritable drives, and other technologies that allow users to copy and manipulate images, words, and sound in ever-new and seamless ways, even the sharp distinction between producer and consumer seems increasingly blurred. D Gone for good are the days when serious cultural critics, whether on the right or the left, could nod toward Tocqueville and Mrs. Trollope and bemoan a scarcity of "culture" in America. Instead, the contemporary descendants of such folks are more likely to make the sort of claim Slate"s Jacob Weisberg did recently in a review of economist Tyler Cowen"s In Praise of Commercial Culture. After granting that the United States does in fact offer a dizzying array of cultural opportunities, Weisberg complains: "What we lack is a flourishing common, or national, culture. Contemporary classical music goes unperformed, foreign films have no audience, and hardly anyone reads contemporary poetry. Meanwhile, pap abounds. " There are, in fact, healthy, if small, markets for the fare Weisberg prefers. The problem isn"t a lack of choice in cultural matters: You want Mozart, Mingus, and Marilyn Manson ? No problem—they"re all available(and probably at a discount). Rather, the issue is precisely a profusion of choice in cultural matters; You want Mozart, Mingus—and Marilyn Manson? E By virtually any measure, cultural activity has been enjoying an expansion that stacks up to Wall Street"s long-running bull market. Interestingly, the culture boom has, for the most part, seen older art forms supplemented and preserved, rather than paved over. The past 30 years have seen a number of developments that have greatly increased the amount and variety of TV-related culture available. The average home now has 2. 3 sets,compared to 1. 4 sets in 1970. Cable is now in 65. 3 percent of all households with TVs(compared to 6.7 percent in 1970). The average subscriber receives 30 to 60 channels, typically including several devoted not merely to shopping but to new and old feature films, reruns of old shows, documentaries, and other sorts of specialized programming. Omnipresent video rental stores give virtually everyone access to a film library that a few decades ago even a millionaire wouldn"t have been able to afford. F The culture boom is similarly reshaping book publishing. While an enormous amount of ink has been spilled over the demise of print culture, the death of so-called mid-list authors, and the threat to diversity posed by mega-mergers among publishers, actual book sales and related figures suggest a very different picture. Between 1975 and 1996, the number of books sold increased by 817 million units annually. Fifty years ago, Tyler Cowen points out in In Praise of Commercial Culture, there were only 85, 000 titles in print in the United States. Today, that figure stands at about 1. 3 million. The increase in the number of books available has been matched by an increase in places to get books. Between 1985 and 1993, for instance, the number of "ultimate companies"—outlets selling books in some form or another—rose from 9, 200 to almost 20, 000. Such staggering numbers have, of course, been eclipsed by Web sellers such as Amazon, com and Barnes & Noble"s onlineoutfit(barnesandnoble. com). Boasting sites that include several million titles, Amazon and Barnes & Noble have been joined in cyberspace by used-book sites that combine lists from hundreds of used-hook stores nationwide. The Web retailers are also leading the way in increasing access to foreign tides that have traditionally been very difficult to find in the States.（分数：10.00）(1).Paragraph B 1（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________(2).Paragraph C 1（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________(3).Paragraph D 1（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________(4).Paragraph E 1（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________(5).Paragraph F 1（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________The backlash against the rich has gone global 1Defending the French government"s recent decision to raise the top rate of income tax to 75 per cent, Pierre Moscovici, the country"s finance minister, told Le Monde: " This is not a punitive measure, but a patriotic measure. " The rich, he explained, are being given an opportunity to make "an exceptional contribution" to solving France"s financial problems. I am sure they are very grateful. France is clearly taking a big risk by raising its tax rates so much higher than those of its neighbours, 2The truth is that the new French government is at the extreme end of a new global trend: an international backlash against the wealthy that is reshaping politics from Europe to the U. S. to China. David Cameron, the British prime minister, has offered to roll out the red carpet for French tax exiles. But even in Britain, where the top tax rate is 45 per cent, there is a new mood of antagonism towards the rich. 3 In the U. S. , meanwhile, Barack Obama is campaigning to increase taxes on "millionaires and billionaires". It is true that the tax rises that the U. S. president wants would be laughably small by French standards. Mr Obama merely wants to raise the top rate from 35 per cent to 39. 6 per cent, as well as increasing taxes on capital gains and dividends. 4 The French socialists made great play of Nicolas Sarkozy"s allegedly " bling" lifestyle and friendships with the super-rich. In similar vein, the Obama campaign has attacked Mitt Romney as a tax-dodging representative of "the 1 per cent"—and mocked his wife"s ownership of a dressage horse. These tactics sound risky because Americans are traditionally said to admire the wealthy , rather than to envy them. But the Obama camp can read polls. By a margin of 64 per cent to 33 per cent, Americans are in favour of higher taxes on those earning more than $250, 000. Political sensitivities about the gap between the wealthy and the rest are not confined to the west. The lifestyles of the rich and powerful is now the most sensitive and dangerous topic in Chinese polities. The website of Bloomberg News was recently shut down in China, apparently as punishment for the publication of an article on the family wealth of a high rank official in China. Why is all this happening? As Zanny Minton Beddoes of The Economist writes in a recent essay, " a majority of the world"s citizens now live in countries where the gap between the rich and the rest is a lot bigger than it was a generation ago". 5As Ms. Minton Beddoes points out, in the U. S. "the portion of national income going to the richest 1 per cent tripled from 8 per cent in the 1970s to 24 per cent in 2007". Eventually that kind of shift is liable tospark a political backlash. The trigger for that reaction has been the Great Recession, which has increased the pressure on the living standards of ordinary people, while exposing misbehaviour at the top. Western politicians, from Barack Obama to Francois Hollande are seeking to capture and channel this new mood. In Asia, where the Great Recession has hit less hard, other factors may be at work. The internet and the rise of microblogging have made it easier to spread information and to whip up indignation about the gap between the hard-pressed worker and the super-rich. Choose the following sentences marked A to E to complete the above article. Write your answer on the ANSWER SHEET. A. The trend has been most extreme in the west. B. It is never a great sign when politicians start appealing to taxpayers" patriotism. C. Even conservative politicians dare not defend bankers" pay. D. But it is a mistake to portray the Hollande administration as Socialist dinosaurs. E. But some of the president"s rhetoric has distinct echoes of the successful Hollande campaign in France.（分数：10.00）填空项1:__________________填空项1:__________________填空项1:__________________填空项1:__________________填空项1:__________________四、选择题(总题数：20，分数：40.00)4.The man at the wheel is the fastest athlete in the world today, who has just taken delivery of his new car, thelatest______of the Toyota Supra.（分数：2.00）unchB.versionC.ventureD.mode5.As policymakers rush to implement reforms in response to one financial calamity, they are ______create distortions that pave the way for the next disaster.（分数：2.00）A.apt toB.apt atC.risk toD.risk in6.As everyone understands, struggling______ economies must find a way to boost their net exports.（分数：2.00）A.surroundingB.minorC.ambientD.peripheral7.I seem to hear the lyrics with his humming: ______what may, I"ll love you until my dying day.（分数：2.00）esB.Will comeinge8.Apart from the budget office and other disinterested parties that study the law, each side in the debate uses research sponsored by interest groups, often______, to support its case.（分数：2.00）A.slopedB.sloppyC.tippedD.slanted9.All the doors were of stainless steel and the whole was kept______by the cleaning squad.（分数：2.00）A.right on the noseB.spick and spanC.under the wireD.safe and sound10.It is an irony of fate that I myself have been the recipient of excessive admiration and______ from my fellow-being, through no fault, and no merit, of my own.（分数：2.00）A.curtsyB.contemptC.reverenceD.courtesy11.The system, furthermore, helps the company in accessing up-to-date publishing information and sales analysis, which have become______of the retail business.（分数：2.00）A.part and partakeB.odds and endsC.part and parcelD.facts and figures12.For Japan, with a large share of its exports destined for Europe, a deeper crisis there would ______growth.（分数：2.00）A.take its toll onB.send away forC.bring a charge home toD.put a check on13.The 15 "recommended goods" have photos and resumes with their "starting prices" , ______ their expected monthly pay, ranging from RMB2000 -3000.（分数：2.00）A.e. g.B.viz.C.n. b.D.vs.14."Let us go forth to lead the land we love. "（分数：2.00）A.simileB.metaphorC.alliterationD.assonance15.A city that is set on a hill cannot be hid.（分数：2.00）A.zeugmaB.assonanceC.aporiaD.euphony16.A notorious annual feast, the picnic was well attended.（分数：2.00）A.litotesB.appositiveC.parodyD.antithesis。
对外经济贸易大学基础英语考研真题及详解(2013～2014)【圣才出品】
对外经济贸易大学基础英语考研真题及详解（2013～2014）对外经济贸易大学2014年基础英语考研真题Part I Multiple Choice and Paraphrase(35points)Section One:Choose from A,B,C or D the one that best completes each blank. Mark the correct choice for each blank on the ANSWER SHEET(10points,1point each).1.In America,the constitution protects the press from pre-publication censorship, leaving those who reveal state secrets to the______of the courts and the judgment of public debate—hence the Putinesque treatment of Manning and Snowden.A．jurisdictionB．mercyC．verdictD．compassion【答案】B【解析】在美国，宪法保护媒体出版前免遭审查，而让法院和民众来决定如何处置泄露国家机密的那些人——从而有了对曼宁和斯诺登的强硬对待。
leave…to the mercy of为固定搭配，意为“听任某人摆布，给某人支配”。
jurisdiction司法权，审判权。
verdict裁定，裁决。
compassion同情，怜悯。
2.Fertile and well wooded,intersected by noble rivers,and inclosing safe and______harbors and bays,it seemed a promising region for permanent settlements and agricultural industry.A．contiguousB．adjournedC．capaciousD．voluminous【答案】C【解析】contiguous邻近的。
2013年对外经济贸易大学翻译硕士考研真题及答案
2013年对外经济贸易大学翻译硕士考研真题及答案第一部国别史：国语44.第一部记录谋臣策士门客言行的专集：国策战国策45.第一部专记个人言行的历史散文：晏子春秋46.第一位伟大的爱国诗人：屈原47.第一首长篇叙事诗：孔雀东南飞（357句，1785字）48.第一部文学批评专著：《典论·论文》（曹丕）49.第一位田园诗人：东晋，陶渊明50.第一部文学理论和评论专著：南北朝梁人刘勰的《文心雕龙》51.第一部诗歌理论和评论专著：南北朝梁人钟嵘的《诗品》52.第一部科普作品，以笔记体写成的综合性学术著作：北宋的沈括的《梦溪笔谈》53.第一部日记体游记：明代的徐宏祖的《徐霞客游记》54.第一位女词人，亦称“一代词宗”：李清照中国解放军军史回顾的理论性。
总结应当忠实于自身工作实践活动，但是，总结不是工作实践活动的记录，不能完全照搬工作实践活动的全过程。
它是对工作实践活动的本质概括，要在回顾工作实践活动全过程的基础上，进行分析研究，归纳出能够反映事物本质的规律，把感性认识上升到理性认识，这正是总结的价值所在。
三、总结的分类根据内容的不同，可以把总结分为工作总结、生产总结、学习总结、教学总结、会议总结等等。
根据范围的不同，可以分为全国性总结、地区性总结、部门性总结、本单位总结、班组总结等。
根据时间的不同，可以分为月总结、季总结、年度总结、阶段性总结等。
从内容和性质的不同，可以分为全面总结和专题总结两类。
四、总结的结构、内容和写法总结一般由标题、正文和尾部三部分组成。
（一）标题。
总结的标题大体上有两类构成形式：一类是公文式标题；一类是非公文式标题。
公文式标题由单位名称、时间、事由、文种组成，如《××集团公司2000年度思想政治工作总结》、《××县2000年普法工作总结》，有的只写《工作总结》等。
非公文式标题则比较灵活，有的为双行标题，如《增强体质，全面贯彻执行教育方针——开展多种形式的体育活动》，有的为单行标题，如《推动人才交流，培植人才资源》等。
2013年11月翻译资格考试三级笔译真题
《三级笔译实务》1. 英译汉：Beaverton: Oregon’s Most Diverse CityStroll through the farmers’ market and you will hear a plethora（过多）of languages and see a rainbow of faces. Drive down Canyon Road and stop for halal meat or Filipino pork belly at adjacent markets. Along the highway, browse the aisles of a giant Asian supermarket stocking fresh napa cabbage and mizuna or fresh kimchi. Head toward downtown and you’ll see loncheras — taco trucks — on street corners and hear Spanish banda music. On the city’s northern edge, you can sample Indian chat.漫步农贸市场，你会听到各种声音，看到形象色色的面孔。
驾车行驶在卡农大街上，沿路停下来买些清真肉制品或在邻近的市场上买些菲律宾猪肚。
沿着高速公路行驶，逛逛巨大的亚裔超市，放眼望去，那些新鲜的小白菜，日本沙拉菜还有朝鲜的新鲜泡菜陈列铺展在你的眼前。
向市中心开去，你能在街角看到卖墨西哥煎玉米卷的塔克卡车，还能听到西班牙班达乐队的音乐。
在城市北部边缘，你能品尝到印度菜。
Welcome to Beaverton, a Portland suburb that is home to Oregon’s fastest growing immigrant population. Once a rural community, Beaverton, population 87,000, is now the sixth largest city in Oregon —with immigration rates higher than those of Portland, Ore gon’s largestcity.欢迎来到波特兰市郊的比弗顿！这里有着俄勒冈州增长最快的移民群体。
2013年11月英语二级笔译真题及大师兄版参考译文
2013年11月全国翻译专业资格（水平）考试英语二级《笔译实务》试卷Section1:English-Chinese Translation(50points)Translate the following two passages into Chinese.Passage1The archivists requested a donkey,but what they got from the mayor’s office were four wary black sheep, which,as of Wednesday morning,were chewing away at a lumpy field of grass beside the municipal archives building as the City of Paris’s newest,shaggiest lawn mowers.Mayor Bertrand Delano has made the environment a priority since his election in2001,with popular bike-and car-sharing programs,an expanded network of designated lanes for bicycles and buses,and an enormous project to pedestrianize the banks along much of the Seine.The sheep,which are to mow(and,not inconsequentially,fertilize)an airy half-acre patch in the19th District intended in the same spirit.City Hall refers to the project as“eco-grazing,”and it notes that the four ewes will prevent the use of noisy,gas-guzzling mowers and cut down on the use of herbicides.Paris has plans for a slightly larger eco-grazing project not far from the archives building,assuming all goes well;similar projects have been under way in smaller towns in the region in recent years.The sheep,from a rare,diminutive Breton breed called Ouessant,stand just about two feet high.Chosen for their hardiness,city officials said,they will pasture here until October inside a three-foot-high,yellow electrified fence.“This is really not a one-shot deal,”insisted RenéDutrey,the adjunct mayor for the environment and sustainable development.Mr.Dutrey,a fast-talking man in orange-striped Adidas Samba sneakers,noted that the sheep had cost the city a total of just about$335,though no further economic projections have been drawn up for the time being.A metal fence surrounds the grounds of the archives,and a security guard stands watch at the gate,so there is little risk that local predators—large,unleashed dogs,for instance—will be able to reach the ewes.Curious humans,however,are encouraged to visit the sheep,and perhaps the archives,too.The eco-grazing project began as an initiative to attract the public to the archives,and informational panels have been put in place to explain what,exactly,the sheep are doing here.“Myself,I wanted a donkey,”said Agnès Masson,the director of the archives,an ultramodern1990edifice built of concrete and glass.Sheep,it was decided,would be more appropriate.But the archivists have had to be trained to care for the animals.In the unlikely event that a ewe should flip onto her back,Ms.Masson said,someone must rush to put her back on her feet.Passage2Norman Joseph Woodland was born in Atlantic City on Sept.6,1921.As a Boy Scout he learned Morse code, the spark that would ignite his invention.After spending World War II on the Manhattan Project,Mr.Woodland resumed his studies at the Drexel Institute of Technology in Philadelphia(it is now Drexel University),earning a bachelor’s degree in1947.As an undergraduate,Mr.Woodland perfected a system for delivering elevator music efficiently.He planned to pursue the project commercially,but his father,who had come of age in“Boardwalk Empire”-era Atlantic City, forbade it:elevator music,he said,was controlled by the mob,and no son of his was going to come within spitting distance.The younger Mr.Woodland returned to Drexel for a master’s degree.In1948,a local supermarket executive visited the campus,where he implored a dean to develop an efficient means of encoding product data.The dean demurred,but Mr.Silver,a fellow graduate student who overheard their conversation,was intrigued.He conscripted Mr.Woodland.An early idea of theirs,which involved printing product information in fluorescent ink and reading it with ultraviolet light,proved unworkable.But Mr.Woodland,convinced that a solution was close at hand,quit graduate school to devote himself to the problem.He holed up at his grandparents’home in Miami Beach,where he spent the winter of1948-49in a chair in the sand,thinking.To represent information visually,he realized,he would need a code.The only code he knew was the one he had learned in the Boy Scouts.What would happen,Mr.Woodland wondered one day,if Morse code,with its elegant simplicity and limitless combinatorial potential,were adapted graphically?He began trailing his fingers idly through the sand.“What I’m going to tell you sounds like a fairy tale,”Mr.Woodland told Smithsonian magazine in1999.“I poked my four fingers into the sand and for whatever reason—I didn’t know—I pulled my hand toward me and drew four lines.I said:‘Golly!Now I have four lines,and they could be wide lines and narrow lines instead of dots and dashes.’”Today,bar codes appears on the surface of almost every product of contemporary life.All because a bright young man,his mind ablaze with dots and dashes,one day raked his fingers through the sand.Section2:Chinese-English Translation(50points)Translate the following two passages into English.Passage1据统计，今年国庆8天长假期间，全国发生了6.8万多起交通事故。
对外经济贸易大学261二外英语2013
对外经济贸易大学2013年二外英语考研真题PartI Vocabulary and grammar(20%)Directi ons:Choose f rom A, B, C o r D the one t hat best comp letes each se ntence. Write your answers on the ANSWE R SHEET.1. U ndergraduatestudents have no ____to th e rare booksin the school library.A.entrance B. wa y C. accessD. path2. Pic king flowersin the park i s absolutely____.A. avoi ded B. prohibit ed C. rejected D. repe lled3. I fel t that I wasnot yet ____to travel abr oad.A. too s trong B.strong enoughC. so strongD. enou gh strong4.For the succe ss of the pro ject, the com pany should ______ the mos t of the oppo rtunities athand.A. obta in B. grasp C. catch D. make5. Follow th e _____ of th e vine as itwinds through some of themost pictures que towns inConnecticut.A. trailB. trial C. tra iler D. trait6. Since the ____ of atomic power, there have been gr eat changes i n industry.A. departure B.threshold C. adv entD. commen cement7. Onc e this pictur e was auction ed to be wort h of more tha n two million dollars, but after the co mmenting of a n expert, itbecomes quite ____.A. inv aluable B. price less C. worthles sD. unwo rthy8. The s tudy found th at emerging e conomies cont inued to grow in the three months to th e end of June, but at a sl ower pace. Th e index ______to 53.0, fro m 53.6 in the first quarte r.A. slumpedB. slipped C. cli mbed D. ascended9. The chemi st had made a n _____ repor t on the char acteristics o f this metal.A. exhaustiv e B. exhausted C. ex hausting D. exuber ating10. Noone disputesthat firms ha ve to make or ganizationalchanges whenthe businessenvironment d emands them.But the ideathat a firm m ight want cha nge for its o wn ____ often provokes ske pticism.A. c oncern B. priv ilege C. sake D. reason11.Musicians hav e been taking to Twitter t o ____ theirrespects to B ee Gees singe r Robin Gibb.A. pay B.receive C. giv e D. honor12. ProfessorJohnson is sa id ____ somesignificant a dvance in his research inthe past year.A. having m ade B. making C. tohave made D. to mak e13. This is an illness t hat can resul t in total bl indness ______ left untrea ted.A. afterB. if C. since D. unl ess14. Intel lect is to th e mind _____sight is to t he body.A. w hat B. as C. that D. l ike15. Fool______ Tom is, he could no t have done s uch a thing.A. who B. asC. that D. l ike16.______, I'll marryhim all the s ame.A. Was h e rich or poo r B. Whether be r ich or poorC. Were he ric h or poor D. Be h e rich or poo r17. The pri ncipal left t he command th at the vase ______ touched until the po licemen got h ere.A. shoul d not be B.ought not beC. must not b e D. would not be18. I t was unbelie vable for her to______ suc h a crazy ide a.A. enterta in B. come upC.stick to D. ta ke19. The re action of Fre nch people to the reformsof labor laws _____ theirlong-time res entmenttowar d the flexibi lity broughtby the overwh elming trendof globalizat ion.A. is in dicative B. is in dicative of C. indicat eD. ha s been indica ting20. When backpackersfirst hit the_____ in the1970s, they w ere seen as a n antidote to sterilepack age tours, areturn to tra vel independe ntly as explo ration and ad venture.A. r ock B. roa d C. store D. mountain Part II Cloz e (20%)Direc tions: Decide which of the choices give n below would best complet e the passage if insertedin the corres ponding blank s. Write your answers on t he ANSWER SHE ET.An author ity 1 bus iness and per sonal etiquet te 2 a 519-page book L etitia Baldri ge's Complete Guide to Exe cutive Manner s, 3 thes e words: “Thi s is a book a bout 4 bu t also aboutthe quality o f excellence. It is a book about the im portance of d etail and abo ut 5 deta ils 6 tog ether can cre ate the stron g, effectiveexecutive pre sence that pr opels an indi vidual 7 in his or her career. This is, 8 ,a book aboutsuccess. ”Th is book is ba sed on the th eory that goo d manners are9 becaus e they not on ly increase t he quality of life in theworkplace, 10 to optim um employee m oral, and emb ellish the co mpany image,11 they a lso play a ma jor role in g enerating pro fit. An atmos phere in whic h people trea t each otherwith consider ation is 12one in whi ch a customer enjoys doing business.Als o, most impor tantly, a com pany with a 13 , high-class reputat ion attracts—and keeps—goo d people. Man ners of an in dividual areoften 14 as highly asyour knowledg e of your 15 or your b rilliance atthe negotiati on table.Pro per protocolin today's bu siness worldgoes well 16 basic tab le manners (t hey are, afte r all, a 17in most cu ltures) and c ommon courtes ies (allowing an esteemedcolleague orsuperior to p recede you 18 a doorwa y, for exampl e). According to Carl A. N elson, thereare eight com mon protocolelements or c ategories 19 permit yo u to do busin ess successfu lly in any cu lture. 20 by importanc e, they are:names; rank a nd title; tim e; behavior;communication s; gift givin g; food and d rink.1. A. i n B. about C. on D. at2. A. opens B. annou nces C.writes D. reads3. A. in B. wrote C. said D. with4. A. manner B. manner s C. m annering D. the manne red5. A. how B. w hen C. after D. if6. A. are B. linkin g C.go D. linked7. A. forward B. upwar d C.through D. along8. A. so B. theref ore C.however D. nonethel ess9. A. cos t-effective B. benefit-e ffective C. cost-worthy D. cost-e fficient10.A. influence B. increa se C.contribute D. add11. A. but B. as C. s ince D. for12.A. consequent ly B. alterna tively C. obviously D. namely13. A. ill-m annered B. w ell-mannered C. good man ner D. goo d manners14.A. accounted B. account ing C. c ounting D. counted15. A. matter B. sub ject matter C. topic mat ter D. re ference16. A. beyond B. away C. more than D. above17. A. token B. given C. ic on D. grant18. A. to B. from C. a cross D. through19. A. that B. wha t C. when D. how20.A. Ranking B. Listed C. Rank ed D.ListingPart III Reading Comprehensio n (20%)Direc tions:Read t he followingpassages care fully and cho ose the bestanswer to eac h question. W rite your ans wers on the A NSWER SHEET.Passage 1Ban k of China ha s officiallybegun its bra nch in Cambod ia on Saturda y, and its Ph nom Penh Bran ch is the fir st lender fro m China in th e country and is the Kingd om’s 30th com mercial bank.“The bank wi ll provide ad vantages andpositive inpu ts to Cambodi a to boost it s banking ind ustry and eco nomic growth,”Deputy Prim e Minister an d Finance Min ister Keat Ch hon said duri ng the launch ing ceremony,which was at tended by abo ut 200 banker s, local andChinese busin esspeople inCambodia.“Iwould like to encourage th e bank to foc us its loanson agricultur al sector inorder to help Cambodian go vernment to d evelop this s ector, whichis one of the four pillars supporting t he country'seconomic grow th,” he said.Chea Chanto, the governor of NationalBank of Cambo dia, said the bank's prese nce reflected the confiden ce of Chinese investors in Cambodian ma rket.“With t he presence o f the bank, i t would bring new technolo gy and innova tive bankingproducts to d evelop Cambod ian banking i ndustry,” hesaid. He said that by theend of 2010,the customers' deposits in the bankingsector grew b y 26 percentto 4.16 billi on U.S. dolla rs, while the customer cre dits increase d by 26.7 per cent to 3.18billion U.S.dollars.Thecountry has t he population of 14.3 mill ion, of which, 1.35 millio n people have used banking system, he a dded. “We wou ld help suppo rt large Chin ese firms doi ng business i n Cambodia, e specially tho se in infrast ructure proje cts, hydropow er dams, agri culture, andspecial econo mic zones,”h e said. “It i s in line wit h the policyof China in h elping to dev elop Cambodia's economy.”He said that as the bank's loan target s are mainlyon huge proje cts, so he be lieves that t he bank's pre sence here wi ll not affect existing loc al banks andthe bank is l ooking forwar d to cooperat ing with allof them.Camb odia sets tolaunch its st ock market in July this ye ar. Yue Yi sa id the Bank o f China willactively part icipate in th e upcoming st ock market th rough providi ng clearanceand settlemen t services. "We will alsoprovide fundi ng to compani es in the sto ck market and other market players," he added. ChenChang Jiang,chief executi ve officer of Bank of Chin a Phnom PenhBranch, saidthat Cambodia's financialmarket is rel atively small at the momen t, but it has lots of room to grow. Ban k of China is among the fo ur largest ba nks in China. Its total as set is over 11 trillion Ch inese yuan (1.7 trillion U.S. dollars), with branche s in 31 count ries around t he world.1.What of the f ollowing info rmation is no t true aboutBank of China?A. It is on e of the four largest bank s in China.B. Its Phnom P enh Branch is Cambodia’s 30th commercia l bank.C. It s total asset is more than $11 trillion.D. It has b ranches in mo re than 30 co untries.2. T he newly open ed branch wil l benefit Cam bodia in ____.A. bringing new technolo gy and innova tive bankingproductsB. d eveloping Cam bodian bankin g industryC. bringing inn ovative banki ng productsD. all above3. In Cambodia, banking sys tem has beenused by ____of its popula tion.A. more than 10%B.approximately 10%C. lessthan 9%D. mo re than 11%4. Chea Chanto believes tha t the new bra nch’s presenc e here will n ot affect exi sting local b anks because____ .A. the new branch i s under the r egulation ofCambodia’s la wB. local ba nks have loya l customers w ho won’t turn to the new b ranchC. thenew branch'sloan targetsare mainly on huge project sD. there is a good coope ration betwee n the new bra nch and local banks5. Wh ich of the fo llowing is no t mentioned i n this passag e?A. The Ban k of China wi ll actively p articipate in Cambodia’s u pcoming stock market.B. C ambodia’s fin ancial market has a largespace to grow.C. Agricult ure plays a v ery important role in Camb odian economi c growth.D.The potential competitionbetween Banko f China’s Ph nom Penh Bran ch and localbanks. Passag e 2One in th ree women pre fers spending time with gi rlfriends tha n their husba nds. They can get glammedup, enjoy a g ood meal andgossip till t he cows comehome. No wond er one in thr ee married wo men have more fun with fri ends than the ir husbands.Researchers w ho interviewe d 3,000 women found that m any would rat her spend the day with a f riend than be with their o ther half. Si x out of tensaid they pre fer to go sho pping with th eir girlfrien ds rather tha n their partn er because th ey offer bett er, more trus tworthy advic e.The survey found that w hen meeting f emale friends the women ma de more of an effort withtheir outfitand spent lon ger doing the ir hair and m ake-up. And a day out with friends wasalso likely t o cost more m oney than wit h their husba nds, with wom en admittingthat their fr iends encoura ge them to tr eat themselve s more.The s urvey was car ried out at t he Lakeside S hopping Centr e in Essex. L akeside spoke sman Sophie S cott said: ‘T hese resultswill strike a chord with m illions of ma rried women a ll over the U K. After a bu sy week at wo rk, we all cr ave escapismand some “metime”, and it is clear wom en prefer tospend theirswith girlfrie nds than part ners. Spendin g time with g irlfriends an d hitting the shops, or st opping for acoffee and achat, can lif t a woman’s m ood.’The stu dy revealed a third of wom en agreed tha t they prefer to spend a d ay off with a friend becau se they weremore fun andmore likely t o enjoy talki ng about rela tionships orgossiping.Sh opping, going to a spa orhaving a meal and a glassof wine toppe d the list of activities w omen enjoyeddoing in thei r spare time.The survey r evealed two t hirds of wome n felt guilty as they didnot catch upwith their fr iends often e nough. Worryi ngly, one inten said they were more ab le 'to be the mselves' arou nd their frie nds, while al most half sai d they enjoye d the fact th ey could talk to their pal s about 'anyt hing'.1. Wha t does the ex pression “til l the cows co me home” prob ably mean?A. when it time for dinner B. i ndefinitely,for a very lo ng periodC.until it is a lready midnig htD.until late af ternoon2. W hich is NOT t he reason why married wome n are willing to go out wi th their girl friends?A. T hey are moreable ‘to be t hemselves’ ar ound their fr iends.B. The y are more li kely to enjoy talking abou t relationshi ps or gossipi ng.C. They o ffer better,more trustwor thy advice wh en going shop ping.D. A da y out with fr iends is also likely to co st more money than with th eir husbands.3. Which isNOT among the activities w omen enjoy do ing most in t heir spare ti me?A. Having a meal and a glass of win eB. Going to a spaC. Cat ch up with th eir friendsD. Going shopp ing.4. In th e survey, how many women p refer spendin g time with g irlfriends th an their husb ands?A.3000B.1800 C.1200 D.10005. Whi ch of the fol lowing statem ents is trueabout the sur vey and its f indings?A. I t was carried out at the L akeside Shopp ing Centre in Surrey.B. W omen made les s effort with their outfit and hair whe n meeting fem ale friends.C. These resu lts will be a lso true with millions ofmarried women all over the UK.D. One t hird of women felt guiltyas they did n ot catch up w ith their fri ends often en ough.Part I V Error Iden tification an d Correction10%)Directio ns:Each sent ence below ha s four underl ined parts. I dentify the u nderlined par t that is wro ng and give t he correct an swer. Write y our answers o n the ANSWERSHEET.1. Her interest and passion forraising aware ness of the o ver consumpti on ofA Bcloth es led her to start the fa shion logbook which docume nt what she w ears each day.C D2. T he average pe rson, confron ted with theInternet's oc eans of dataand multipleoverlappingA BPh.D. dissertation s, often is a s perplexed w hen a pioneer chemist tryi ng to whipC Dup a little gunpo wder withouta formula.3. Having there been no out-migration fro m agriculture over the pas t 35 years, A Bo ur present fa rm population would be 65million rathe r than 10 mil lion.C D4. My care fully wordedstatement tha t consumerism is a movemen t of activist sAwho cham pion issues w hich appear t o be benefici al to consume rs are bluntandB C Dto the point.5. We can,if we desire, achieve a hi gh degree ofauto safety b y reducing sp eed;A but society reje cts the sacri fice and inst ead, with the safety belt, acceptsB Clower s afety level r equiring less sacrifice.DPart V Wri ting (30%)Di rections:Wri te an English compositionof about 200words in whic h you state y our opinion a bout the foll owing topic.Write it on y our ANSWER SH EET.Most col lege students in China are required tolearn a forei gn language.What do you t hink are thebenefits of l earning Engli sh?参考答案及解析Part I Vocab ulary and gra mmar (20%)1.C 句意：本科生无权查阅学校图书馆的珍藏书籍。
2012年对外经济贸易大学英语翻译基础真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)
2012年对外经济贸易大学英语翻译基础真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. 词语翻译 2. 英汉互译词语翻译英译汉1．balance sheet正确答案：资产负债表2．international arbitration正确答案：国际仲裁3．tax agent正确答案：税务代理人4．debenture正确答案：公司债券5．gross weight正确答案：总重量6．generalized system of preferences正确答案：普惠制7．fixed cost正确答案：固定成本8．stock listings正确答案：股票上市9．random access正确答案：随机存取10．profit before tax正确答案：税前利润11．AMIS正确答案：Agricultural Management Information System农业管理信息系统12．BHD正确答案：Bad Hair Day很不顺利的一天13．CBRC正确答案：China Banking Regulatory Commission中国银监会14．DPOB正确答案：date and place 0f birth出生日期和地点15．FEM正确答案：Finite Element Method有限单元法16．MIN正确答案：Minimum最小的，最低限度17．MSP正确答案：Medical Services Plan医疗保健计划18．NNW正确答案：Net National Welfare国民福利指标19．PAO正确答案：Public Affairs Office公共事务办公室20．SAC正确答案：Securities Association of China中国证券业协会汉译英21．按揭正确答案：mortgage22．薄利多销正确答案：small profits but quick turnover23．补贴正确答案：subsidies24．动产抵押正确答案：chattel mortgage25．进口报关单正确答案：the import customs declaration26．房地产正确答案：real estate27．分包合同正确答案：the subcontract28．股息正确答案：dividend29．国民待遇正确答案：national treatment30．市场调查正确答案：market research英汉互译英译汉31．The concept captured the Zeitgeist of the personal computer revolution. Many young people, especially those in the counterculture, had viewed computers as instruments that could be used by Orwellian governments and giant corporations to sap individuality. But by the end of the 1970s, they were also being seen as potential tools for personal empowerment. The ad cast Macintosh as a warrior for the latter cause—a cool, rebellious, and heroic company that was the only thing standing in the way of the big evil corporation’s plan for world domination and total mind control.Once again Jobs would end up suffering bad publicity without making a penny. Apple’s stock price kept dropping, and by March, 2003, even the new options were so low that Jobs traded in all of them for an outright grant of $ 75 million worth of shares, which amounted to about $ 8. 3 million for each year he had worked since coming back in 1997 through the end of the vesting in 2006.None of this would have mattered much if the Wall Street Journal had not run a powerful series in 2006 about backdated stock options. Apple wasn’t mentioned, but its board appointed a committee of three members—Al Gore, Eric Schmidt of Google, and Jerry York, formerly of IBM and Chrysler—to investigate its own practices. “We decided at the outset that if Steve was at fault we would let the chips fall where they may,” Gore recalled. The committee uncovered some irregularities with Jobs’s grants and those of other top officers, and it immediately turned the findings over to the SEC. Jobs was aware of the backdating, the report said, but he ended up not benefiting financially. A board committee at Disney also found that similar backdating had occurred at Pixar when Jobs was in charge.The laws governing such backdating practices were murky, especially since no one at Apple ended up benefiting from the dubiously dated grants. The SEC took eight months to do its own investigation, and in April, 2007, it announced that it would not bring action against Apple “based in part on its swift, extensive, and extraordinary cooperation in the Commission’s investigation[and its]prompt self-reporting. “ Although the SEC found that Jobs had been aware of the backdating, it cleared him of any misconduct because he “was unaware of the accounting implications.The SEC did file complaints against Apple’s former chief financial officer Fred Anderson, who was on the board, and general counsel Nancy Heinen. Anderson, a retired Air Force captain with a square jaw and deep integrity, had been a wise and calming influence at Apple, where he was known for his a-bility to control Jobs’tantrums. He was cited by the SEC only for “negligence”regarding the paperwork for one set of the grants(not the ones that went to Jobs), and the SEC allowed him to continue to serve on corporate boards.正确答案：这个概念抓住了个人电脑革命的时代精神。
2013年北二外英语翻译基础考研真题,考研参考书,考研大纲,考研经验
1/8【育明教育】中国考研考博专业课辅导第一品牌官方网站： 12015年考研指导育明教育，创始于2006年，由北京大学、中国人民大学、中央财经大学、北京外国语大学的教授投资创办，并有北京大学、武汉大学、中国人民大学、北京师范大学复旦大学、中央财经大学、等知名高校的博士和硕士加盟，是一个最具权威的全国范围内的考研考博辅导机构。
更多详情可联系育明教育孙老师。
第二外国语大学（原题）英语翻译基础一、名词解释：MDGS Millennium Development Goals 千禧年发展计划Ban Ki-moon 潘基文国务卿Secretary of State雷曼兄弟(Lehman Brothers)次贷危机subprime lending crisis西部大开发战略strategy of western development二、英译汉：China's bubblesA lot of things in China carry a whiff of excess.The cost of garlic is among them:wholesale prices have almost quadrupled since March.A halving of the planting area last year,and belief in the bulb's powers to ward off swine flu,provide some justification for the surge.But anecdotes of unbridled trading activity in Jinxiang county,home to China's largest garlic plant,suggest that the most likely cause is the most obvious –the abundant liquidity swilling through the2/8【育明教育】中国考研考博专业课辅导第一品牌官方网站： 2system.New loans in China may top Rmb10,000bn this year,double the run-rate of the preceding years;2010should bring another Rmb7-8,000bn.In the week that Dominique Strauss-Kahn,head of the International Monetary Fund,said asset bubbles were a cost worth paying for reviving growth through loose monetary policy,China needs to distinguish between good ones and bad ones.A bubble in garlic is small,financed by private speculators,and relatively harmless when it bursts.Bubbles in productive assets –roads,bridges,telecom lines –are also tolerable;capital has been put in place that can be exploited by somebody.But bubbles in property –financed by banks,on non-productive assets –are doubly destructive.Zhang Xin,chief executive of Soho China,one of the country's most successful privately owned developers,believes that rampant wasteful investment in commercial property has already undermined China's long-term prospects.As for housing,which China began privatising just 11years ago,prices rose at an annualised rate of 9per cent between September and October –significantly higher than the ongoing 2.25per cent one-year deposit rate and the 5.31per cent one-year lending rate.What's more,this was the eighth successive month of above-trend growth in the national house price index.So far,attempts to arrest price rises have been minor –restrictions .3/8【育明教育】中国考研考博专业课辅导第一品牌官方网站：3提高暑假复习效率的三个万能定律一、鲶鱼效应：一个"竞争"的复习环境很久以前，挪威人从深海捕捞的沙丁鱼，总是还没到达海岸都已经口吐白沫。
2013年国际关系学院英语翻译基础真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)
2013年国际关系学院英语翻译基础真题试卷(题后含答案及解析) 题型有：1. 词语翻译 2. 英汉互译词语翻译英译汉1．reciprocity in trade正确答案：贸易互惠2．Ramadan正确答案：斋月，又称莱麦丹月3．infotainment正确答案：新闻娱乐化4．aircraft carrier正确答案：航空母舰5．non-performing loan正确答案：不良贷款6．cost performance正确答案：性价比7．state fund allotment正确答案：国家基金拨款8．outsource正确答案：外包9．free-lance professionals正确答案：自由职业者10．home game正确答案：主场比赛11．IAEA正确答案：国际原子能机构(International Atomic Energy Agency)12．FTP正确答案：文件传输协议(File Transfer Protocol)13．TEFL正确答案：作为外语的英语教学(Teaching English as a Foreign Language)14．OPEC正确答案：石油输出国家组织(Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries)15．SCO正确答案：上海合作组织(简称上合组织，Shanghai Cooperation Organization)汉译英16．应试教育正确答案：exam-oriented education17．诺贝尔奖得主正确答案：Nobel Laureates18．知识产权正确答案：intellectual property19．不结盟运动正确答案：non-aligned movement20．城乡低保正确答案：subsistence allowances for both urban and rural residents 21．对口支援正确答案：partner assistance22．扶贫、脱贫正确答案：poverty reduction/poverty alleviation23．灰色收入正确答案：off-the-books income/gray income24．关税壁垒正确答案：tariff barriers25．拳头产品正确答案：competitive products/hit products/flagship products 26．试用期正确答案：the probationary period/trial period27．民办教师正确答案：citizen-managed teachers28．人口老龄化正确答案：aging of population29．中央纪律检查委员会正确答案：Central Commission for Discipline Inspection of the CPC 30．山寨手机正确答案：emulational mobile phone英汉互译英译汉31．People in China generally agree that it is important to celebrate the country’s rich history, but its culture police think there is too much of the wrong kind of celebrating going on. Two agencies, the Ministry of Culture and the State Administration of Cultural Heritage, have banned the promotion of “negative historical figures or literary works”for tourism purposes, theoretically ending a longstanding practice by Chinese cities of playing up their ties to racy cultural icons like the lustful Ximen Qing through festivals, theme parks and merchandise.A few lucky destinations in China, like Mao’s hometown of Shaoshan in Hunan province, are blessed with the notoriety of a state-approved celebrity, allowing them to rake in tourism dollars. But for most Chinese towns, bringing in tourists is hard work, which is made easier if they can stake a claim to someone famous, whether real, mythical or literary. Disputes can flare up among towns claiming to be the original homes of the same popular character. Just before the Ministry of Culture announced the new rules, Loufan county in Shanxi declared itself hometown of the Monkey King, challenging the same claim made first by Lianyugang City in Jiangsu, according to a recent article on Xinhua’s English-language website.Critics say that this kind of cultural infighting is embarrassing to China, especially when attracting foreign dollars is the motive. It is better if these cities manage and protect their own cultural heritage and intangible cultural resources, rather than compete with each other and humiliate themselves.In the past, tourist stunts by Chinese towns have been heavily frowned upon by the public. A sex theme park in southwestern China was demolished before it even opened, after inciting widespread condemnation. Earlier this year, public outcry forced government officials in Zhangjiajie to back away from plans to rename a local mountain “Avatar Hallelujah Mountain”after the popular Hollywood movie. The latest crackdown, however, goes further than any one campaign and promises to lay out strict guidelines for what is appropriate cultural celebration in the coming weeks.正确答案：中国人普遍认为，庆祝中国的悠久历史意义重大，但中国的文化管理部门认为，对历史文化的不合理宣扬现象猖獗。
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2013年对外经济贸易大学英语翻译基础真题试卷(总分：64.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、词语翻译(总题数：32，分数：60.00)1.英译汉__________________________________________________________________________________________ 2.litigation & arbitration（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 3.Securities Law（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 4.managing director（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 5.globalization（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 6.patent（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 7.expropriation（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 8.counter trade（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 9.negotiable instrument（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 10.state of the art（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 11.survival of the fittest（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 12.ASEAN（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 13.CIF（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 14.FDA（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 15.GATT（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 16.GSP（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 17.ISO（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 18.ITC（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 19.NAFTA（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 20.MERCOSUR（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 21.UNITC（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 22.汉译英__________________________________________________________________________________________23.合资经营（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 促销__________________________________________________________________________________________ 股东__________________________________________________________________________________________ 贬值__________________________________________________________________________________________ 27.技术密集型（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 利率__________________________________________________________________________________________ 29.绩效评估（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 30.边际效应（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 31.消费者物价指数（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 董事__________________________________________________________________________________________二、英汉互译(总题数：4，分数：4.00)33.英译汉__________________________________________________________________________________________ nguage is the primary way in which producers and distributors communicate with consumers. Those involved with personal selling will find that speaking the local language isn"t optional but a requirement for success. Besides just being able to get the basic information across to the customer, a salesperson also communicates the company"s dedication to the marketplace. All salespeople face an uphill battle when trying to promote a product, but those without the requisite language skills may find that the hill is almost nguage skills will also come into play when advertising and promotional collateral(brochures, manuals, business cards)are translated. A poorly worded document or mistranslated slogan can sink a sales effort before it even starts.(Wanting to assure their Belgian target audience of the sturdiness of their vehicles, General Motors" marketeers once translated their slogan of "Body by Fisher" into Flemish. The resulting translation read more like "Corpse by Fisher" with embarrassing results. One could question whether, even if it had been properly translated, the slogan would have had the desired effect on the Belgian consumers.)The choice of brand names will also rely heavily on how the translation or logo design will play in the new market.Prior to distribution, all translated advertising and promotional materials should be reviewed numerous times by native speakers to uncover potential problems. All administrative and sales personnel who will be working regularly in the target market must have a degree of fluency that will permit their marketing skills to be effective over the long-term.Understanding the target culture is a continuing difficulty, even for major global market players. Pundits may be claiming that the world is becoming more and more homogenized, but there"s only scant evidence of it in marketing. Cultural challenges are perceptual, and perception changes regularly. Having a firm understanding of what a culture was like a decade ago is of practically no use today. Cultural research must be continually updated if advertising and promotions are to work.Even cultures that have had a long-term relationship with each other can have difficulty communicating. For instance, though the Paris-based House of Chanel has been a name brand in the United States for many decades, they were unable to reach the American market with an ad that was hugely successful in Europe. The now-famous Egoistefragrance ad—featuring women screaming out the brand name from the windows of a Riviera hotel —made very little sense to the U. S. consumer. The ad was just " too French" for the United States and demonstrates a lack of market research. Another Chanel advertising campaign, this one for the Coco line, featured scantily clad European pop star Vanessa Paradis swinging on a trapeze inside of a birdcage. This ad was quite successful, even though few in the U. S. market knew who Ms. Paradis was. In this case, the sexual nature of the advertisement crossed the cultural line. The same ad, however, would have been banned in much of Asia and the Middle East.Very few advertising campaigns succeed in crossing cultural lines on a global basis. Certain categories of products are more easily "globalized" than others. Those that become part of a "lifestyle"(beverages, clothing, personal care, food)are the most common cultural crossers. Thus, Budweiser, Levis, Lancome, and Mars have all had an easy time making cultural inroads. Because these "lifestyle enhancers" are positioned by the "image" they create, they are intentionally directed at youth, who often prefer to separate themselves from the dominant local culture. Advertising schemes that have the greatest chance of succeeding globally exhibit the following attributes: simplicity, directness, humor and clever imagery. All four components should be as broad as possible in composition for the ad to have universal appeal.（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 35.汉译英__________________________________________________________________________________________ 36.推进经济结构战略性调整是加快转变经济发展方式的主攻方向。