主系表结构 (2)

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主语+系动词+表语

(1)状态系动词:只有be一词。如:

She is always likethat. 她总是那样.ﻫIam use dto going about alone.我习惯于独来独往。

Theseshoes aretoo tight forme。这双鞋我穿太小。动词be,若是用于进行时态或者被动语态,则不是系动词,而是助动词。

I am playing basketball。

He is hit byonebrick.

(2) 持续系动词:表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度,主要有keep,remain, stay,rest, lie,stand。如:ﻫI hope you’llkeep fit. 我希望你身体好。

He always keptsilentat meeting. 他开会时总保持沉默.ﻫThe door remained closed.门仍然关着.ﻫWe can r emain friends. 我们可以继续做朋友。

Please stay seated.请继续坐着。

Hestayed single. 他仍然是单身。

(3) 表像系动词:表示“看起来好像”,主要有seem, appear, look 等。如:ﻫHe looks tired. 他看起来很累.

He seems (to be) quite happy. 他好像很快活。ﻫThe doctor seemed very capable。那医生似乎很能干.

He appeared quite well. 他显得身体相当好。ﻫHea

ppeared takenaback。他似乎很吃惊.ﻫShe appeared perplexed。她显得迷惑不解.

(4) 感官系动词:表示“……起来”,有feel(摸起来,感觉),smell(闻起来) ,sound(听起来) , taste(尝起来,吃起来) 等.如:ﻫThis kind of cloth feels very soft。这种布摸起来很软。ﻫHelooks honest, butactually he’sa rogue.

他看起来很老实,实际他是一个坏蛋.ﻫTheyall look alike to me. 他们的模样我看起来都一样。ﻫEverybody feelscont ented.每个人都感到很满足。

Ice feels cold。冰感觉起来是凉的。

Silk feels soft and smooth。丝绸摸起来很柔软平滑。

It sounds a good idea. 这听起来是个好主意。ﻫThis food tastes good. 这菜好吃.

(5) 变化系动词:表示主语变成什么样,主要有become, grow,t urn, fall, get, go, come,run如:

He became mad after that。自那之后,他疯了。

She had grown thinner and thinner. 她越来越瘦了。ﻫHiscold was growingworse。他的感冒越来越严重了。She’s growing fat。她正在发胖。

He's grown used to it. 他对此已经习惯。

When shesawthis,she turned red。她看到这,脸

红了.

His hairturnedgrey in a fewweeks。

在几个星期中他头发就变灰白了

The milk will soon turn sour。牛奶很快就会变酸。ﻫSe veral people fell ill,victims of blood poisoning. 几个人生病了,都是血中毒的受害者。

We get wiser as we get old.

随着年岁的增长,我们也变得聪明些了.

Your hair has gone quite white! 你的头发全白了!ﻫShe went paleat thenews. 听到这消息,她脸色变得苍白。

WhenImentionedit to him he went red。

我对他提及此事时他脸红了.ﻫHewent mad。他疯了。ﻫThe children mustnotgohungry。孩子们不能挨饿。(6)终止系动词:主要有prove, turn out(结果是,证明是) 等.如:ﻫHis story proved false。他讲的情况原来是假的.His advice proved sound。他的劝告证明是对的。ﻫMyintuition turnedout tobe correct。我的直觉证明是对的。

另一种角度理解主系表

1 状态系动词

用来表示主语状态,只有be 一词

(1)Mr. Brown is an engineer。(名词做表语)

(2)Themachine is out oforder. (介词短语做表语) ﻫ(3)The televisionwason.(副词做表语)

(4)Hisplan istokeep the affairsecret。(动词不定式做表语)

(5)My jobis repairing cars。(动名词做表语)

(6)Thequestion is whatyou want to do.

(从句做表语,即:表语从句)

2 持续系动词

用来表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度

(1)The door remained closed。

(过去分词做表语,remain意为“仍然”处于某种状态)

The teacher asked the twelfth of us to remainafterschool.

(vi 留下;剩下)

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