2020年四级阅读段落信息匹配训练(3)
英语四级长篇阅读段落信息匹配题练习3
英语四级长篇阅读段落信息匹配题练习(3)Section BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attach ed to it. Eachstatement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the p aragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter Answer the questions by marking the corres ponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.TV Linked to Lower MarksA) The effect of television on children has been debated ever since the first sets wer e turned on. Now three new studies find that too much tube time can lower test scores, r etard learning and even predict college performance. The reports appear in the July issue of the Archives of Pediatrics & Ado-lescent Medicine.B) In the first report, researchers studied the effect that having a TV in a child's bed room can have on third graders. "We looked at the household media environment in relati on to academic achievementon mathematics, reading and language arts tests," said stu dy author Dina L.G. Borzekowski, an as-sistant professor at Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sc hool of Public Health.C) Borzekowski and her colleague, Dr. Thomas Robinson of Stanford University, coll ected data on386 third graders and their parents about how much TV the children watche d, the number of TV sets, computers and video game consoles in the household and wher e they were. They also collected data on how much time the children spent using the diff erent media, as well as the time spent doing homework and reading. The researchers foun d that the media in the household, where it is and how it is used can have a profound e ffect on learning. "We found that the household media environment has a very close asso ciation with performance on the different test scores," Borzekowski said.D) "A child who has a TV in his or her bedroom is likely to have a score that is e ight points lower on a mathematics test compared to a child who doesn't have a TV in t he bedroom," she noted. These children also scored lower on the reading and language art s tests. However, children who have ac-cess to a home computer are likely to have higher scores on each of the tests compared with children who don't have access to a home co mputer, Borzekowski noted.E) The reasons why TV has this negative effect are not clear, Borzekowski said. "W hen there's TV in the bedroom, parents are less likely to have control over the content an d the amount watched," Borzekowski said. "They are also unable to know how early or h ow late the set is on. This seems to be associated with kids' performance on academic tes ts." Borzekowski believes that content and the time the TV is on may be the primary rea sons for its negative effect. "If the TV is in the family room, then parents can see the co ntent of what children are watching," she said. "Parents can choose to sit alongside and w atch, or turn the set off. A simple and straightforward, positive parenting strategy is to ke ep the TV out of the child's bedroom, or remove it if it's already there."F) In the second report, Dr. Robert J. Hancox from the University of Ot ago in Dun edin, New Zealand, and colleagues found, regardless of your intelligence or social backgro und, if you watch a lot of TV during childhood, you are a lot less likely to have a colle ge degree by your mid-20s. In their study, the researchers followed 1,037 people born in 1972 and 1973. Every two years, between the ages of5 and 15, they were asked how mu ch television they watched. The researchers found that those who watched the most televis ion during these years had earned fewer degrees by the time they were 26."We found that the more television the child had watched, the more likely they were to leave school wit hout any qualifications," Hancox said in a prepared statement. "Those who watched little t elevision had the best chance of going on to university and earning a degree."G) Hancox's team found that watching TV at an early age had the most effect on gr aduating from college. "An interesting finding was that although teenage viewing was stro ngly linked to leaving school without any qualifications, it was earlier childhood viewing t hat had the greatest impact on getting a degree," he said. "This suggests that excessive tel evision in younger children has a long-lasting adverse effect on educational performance."H) In the third paper, Frederick J. Zimmerman and Dr. Dimitri A. Christakis from th e University of Washington report that, for very young children, watching TV can result i n lower test scores in mathematics, reading recognition and reading comprehension. "We l ooked at how much television children watched before age 3 and then at ages 3 to 5," Zi mmerman said. "We found that for children who watched a small amount of TV in the e arlier years, there was co nsider able beneficial effect compared to children who watched a lot of TV."I) For children aged 3 to 5, the effect was not as clear, Zimmerman said. "There we re some beneficial effects of watching TV on reading, but no beneficial effects for math or vocabulary," he noted. "The worst pattern was to watch more than three hours of TVbefore age 3. Those kids had a significant disadvantage compared to the other kids." Pare nts should follow the American Academy of Pediatrics recommendation, which is no TV f or children under 2, Zimmerman said. "Personally, I feel the cutoff should be children un der 3, because there is just not any good content for children under 3."J) One expert believes that TV can have both positive and negative effects, but it all depends on what children are watching. "Content matters," said Deborah L. Line barger, an assistant professor at the University of Pennsylvania, who co-authored an accompanying editorial. "Educational content has been found to be related to performance on school rea diness tests, higher grades when they are teen-agers, whereas, non-educational content tend s to be associated with lower academic performance."K) Another expert agrees. "TV watching takes up space that could be used by more useful things," said Dr. Christopher P. Lucas, a clinical coordinator at the Early Childhood Evaluation and Treatment Program at the New York University Child Study Center. "TV is not necessarily toxic, but is some-thing that has to be done in moderation; something that balances the other needs of the child for healthy development."L) Lucas puts the responsibility for how much TV kids watch and what they watch s quarely on parents. "The amount of TV watching certainly has a link with the reduced a mount of time reading or doing homework," he said. "The key is the amount of control p arents have in limiting the amount of access. Get the TV out of the bedroom; be awareof what is being watched; limit the amount of TV watching."46. According to Borzekowski, children having chances to use a family computer are likely to acquire better results on the different tests.47. The reports issued in the Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescents Medicine find that watching too much TV leads to poor performance in school.48. Watching more than three hours of TV before age 3 has bad effect on kids.49. According to the second report, the chance for one to acquire a college degree d epends on the amount of his TV watching during childhood.50. In Deborah L. Lingbarger's opinion, educational content is helpful for teenagers to get better results on school readiness tests.51. The environment of family media greatly affects children's test scores according t o the first report.52. Borzekowski believes that TV's negative effect on children's marks may mainly lie in what children watch on TV and how much time they spend on it.53. Lucas thinks parents should take the responsibility to supervise kids' TV watching.54. According to the recommendation from American Academy of Pediatrics, children under 2 should watch no TV.55. Hancox thinks earlier childhood TV watching affects one's acquiring a college de gree most.SectionB电视机与成绩差有关A.)自电视机问世以来，其对孩子的影响便一直颇具争议。
四级阅读段落信息匹配题技巧及练习
段落信息匹配题1.这种题型可以放到最后做。
2.考生难以按照阅读题一贯遵循的“顺序原则”解题。
细节信息的排列绝对是“乱序的”，这就意味着从文章开头到结尾按顺序定位的方法是行不通的。
3.快速掌握文章脉络。
通过阅读中心句快速掌握文章脉络。
中心句一般出现在：1）首句；2）转折词如but ；3）因果关系联接词如as a result 引领的第二句；4）问句后面的答句。
在找到中心句后，读一下末句，可以更精确地掌控段意。
若无特别明显的中心句，首尾句的阅读也有助于理解段意。
阅读过程当中，有的信息点明确可直接先去选出答案。
这里我们也要明确要多看外文，掌握外文的行文思路。
4.一般而言文章组织有三大类。
一是按时间，如货物运输，这是最简单的。
二是按观点—原因—发展—瓶颈—措施—目标的布局来分析一件事物。
三是偏科普的夹杂很多不同派别的理论，这个相对而言比较难。
5.划出句子中的关键词。
由于人的短期记忆能力是有限的，在短时间内无法记下所有的句子。
因此需要寻找选项中的一些在最大程度上概括整个选项的关键词。
带着这些关键词去浏览全篇文章，找到它们所涉及的相关内容后，再研读细节，最终确定此句是否和该段匹配。
6.题干提供的信息表述中通常会出现一些具有特殊意义的指示性词汇，这类词汇虽然不是通常意义上的定位关键词，但其特殊含义可将考生的注意力指向原文的开头、结尾或是某个具有特殊特征的段落。
这些词通常包括如下三类：①能够指示开头段的词汇(如overview、introduction、initiation、main idea、definition等)；②能够指示结尾段的词(如overview、future、solution、conclusion、suggestion、summary等)；③能够帮助考生回原文定位的特殊词汇(如rate、ratio、proportion、percentage等词往往对应含“%”的段落；number、figure、statistical demographics等词往往对应数字集中的段落；financial、income、revenue、salary等词往往对应含诸如“$”“￥”等货币符号的段落)。
四级段落匹配题专项训练题
四级段落匹配题专项训练题四级段落匹配题专项训练题原文You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.Addicted, Really?A. Mental-health specialists disagree over whether to classify compulsive online behaviour as addiction---and how to treat it. Craig Smallwood, a disabled American war veteran, spent more than 20,000 hours over five years playing an online role-playing game called "Lineage II". When NCsoft, the South Korean firm behind the game, accused him of breaking the game's rules and banned him, he was plunged into depression, severe paranoia (偏执) and hallucinations (幻想). He spent three weeks in hospital. After that, he sued NCsoft for fraud and negligence (过失 ), demanding over $ 9m in damages and claiming that the company acted negligently by failing to warn him of the danger that he would become "addicted" to the game.B. But does it make sense to talk of addiction to onlineactivity? Mental-health specialists say three online behaviors can become problematic for many people: video games, pornography ( 色情作品 ) and messaging via e-mail and social networks. But there is far less agreement about whether any of this should be called "Internet addiction"--or how to treat it.C. Some mental-health specialists wanted "Internet addiction" to be included in the fifth version of psychiatry's bible, the"Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders", known as DSM-V, which is currently being overhauled (全面修订). The American Medical Association endorsed (赞成) the idea in 2022, only tobacktrack( 放弃) days later. The American Journal of Psychiatrycalled Internet addiction a "common disorder" and supported its recognition. Last year the DSM-V drafting group made its decision: lnteruet addiction would not be included as a "behavioral addiction"--only gambling made the cut--but it said further study was necessary.D. Skeptics say there is nothing uniquely addictive about the Internet. Back in 2022, Joseph Walther, a communications professor at Michigan State University, co-wrote an article in which he suggested, tongue in cheek, that the criteria used to call someone an Internet addict might also show that most professors were "addicted" to academia (学术活动). He argued that other factors, such as depression, are the real problem.He stands by that view today. "No scientific evidence has emerged to suggest that lnternet use is a cause rather than a consequence of some other sort of issue," he says. "Focusing on and treating people for Internet addiction, rather than looking for underlying clinical issues, is definitely unwise."E. Others disagree. "That would be wrong," says Kimberly Young, a researcher and therapist who has worked on Interact addiction since 1994. She insists that the Internet, with its powerfully immersive environments, creates new problems that people must learn tonavigate(应对). Otherwise, the changing lifestyle will affect the development of the society.F.No one disputes that online habits can turn to某ic. Take South Korea, where widespread broadband means that the average high-school student plays video games for 23 hours each week. In 2022 the government estimated that around 210,000 children needed treatmentfor Internet addiction. In 2022 newspapers around the globe carriedthe story of a South Korean couple who fed their infant daughter so little that she starved to death. Instead of caring for the child, the couple spent most nights at an Internet cafe, sinking hours into a role- playing game in which they raised, fed and cared for avirtual daughter. And several South Korean men have died from e某haustion after marathon, multi-day gaming sessions.G. The South Korean government has since asked game developers to adopt a gaming curfew (宵禁) for children, to prevent them playing between midnight and 8 a.m. At the same time, it has also opened more than 100 clinics for Internet addiction and sponsored an "Internet rescue camp" for serious cases.H. But compulsive behaviour is not limited to garners. E-mail or web-use behaviours can also show signs of addiction. Getting through a business lunch in which no one pulls out a phone to check their messages now counts as a minor miracle in many quarters. A deluge (泛滥) of self-help books, most recently "Alone Together" by Sherry Turlde, a social scientist at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, offer advice on how to unplug (去除障碍).I.Pornography is hardly new, either, but the Internet makes accessing it much easier than ever before. When something can be summoned in an instant via broadband, whether it is a game world, an e-mail inbo某 or pornographic material, it is harder to resist. New services lead to new complaints. When online auction sites first became popular, talk of "eBay addiction" soon followed. Dr. Young says women complain to her now about addiction to Facebook--or even to "FarmVille", a game playable only within ent centres have popped up around the world with the popularity of online games. In 2022 Amsterdam's Smith & Jones facility billed itself as "the first and,currently, the only residential video-game treatment program in the world". In America the reSTART Internet Addiction Recovery Program claims to treat Internet addiction, gaming addiction, and even "te某ting addiction". In China, meanwhile, military-style "boot camps" are the preferred way to treat Internet problems.K. Yet many people like feeling permanently connected. As Arikia Millikan, an American blogger, once put it, "If I could be jacked in at every waking hour of the day, I would, and I think a lot of my peers would do the, same." Bob LaRose, an Internet specialist at Michigan State University, doesn't believe her. In his research on college students, he found that most sense when they are "going overboard and restore self-control". Less than1% have apathological(病态的) problem, he adds. For most people, Internet use "is just a habit--and one that brings us pleasure."四级段落匹配题专项训练题选项46. According to Joseph Walther, it is unwise to emphasize the treatment of Internet addiction instead of seeking for potential clinical issues.47. As online games become popular, treatment centres have sprung up all over the world.48. After playing online games continuously for days, several South Korean men were e某hausted to death.49. Smallwood sued NCsoft and claimed a huge compensation for fraud and its negligence of warning him of the danger of game addiction.50. In South Korea, a gaming curfew for children was adopted to prevent children playing after midnight.5l. Internet addiction still needs to be further studied thoughthe DSM-V did not categorize it as a "behavioral addiction".52. An lnternet specialist found that most college students could realize when they are going too far and restore self-control.53. According to mental-health specialists, for many people, video games, pornography and messaging via e-mail and social networks can become problematic online behaviors.54. People regard it as a small miracle if nobody takes out a phone to read the messages at a business lunch.55. Kimberly Young insists that people must learn to deal with new problems brought about by the Interact.四级段落匹配题专项训练题答案46.D解析：题干意为，根据JosephWalther所说，只关注对上网成瘾的治疗，而不寻找其潜在的临床问题，这是不明智的。
2020年大学英语四级仔细阅读习题及答案(3)
2020年大学英语四级仔细阅读习题及答案(3)What has thetelephone done to us, or for us, in the hundred years of its existence? A feweffects suggest themselves at once. It has saved lives by getting rapid word ofillness, injury, or fire from remote places. By joining with the elevator tomake possible the multi-story residence or office building, it has madepossible for better or worse -- the modem city. By bringing about a great leapin the speed and ease with which information moves from place to place, it hasgreatly accelerated the rate of scientific and technological changes and growthin industry. Beyond doubt it has seriously weakened if not killed the ancientart of letter writing. It has made living alone possible for persons withnormal social impulses (冲动) ; by so doing, it has played a role in one of thegreatest social changes of this century, the breakup of the multi-generationalhousehold. It has made the war chillingly more efficient thanformerly.Perhaps, though not provably, it has prevented wars that might have arisen outof intemational misunderstanding caused by written communication. Or perhaps―again not provably―by magnifying (扩大) and extendingirrational personal conflicts based on voice contact, it has caused wars.Certainly it has extended the scope of human conflicts, since it impartially (不偏不倚) disseminates (传播)the useful knowledge of scientists andthe nonsense of the ignorant, the affection of the affectionate and the malice (恶意) of the malicious.1. What is the main idea of this passage?A) Thetelephone has helped to save people from illness and fire.B) Thetelephone has helped to prevent wars and conflicts.C) Thetelephone has made the modern city neither better nor worse.D) Thetelephone has had positive as well as negative effects on us.2. According to the passage, it is the telephonethat_______ .A) has madeletter writing an artB) hasprevented wars by avoiding written communicationC) has madethe world different from what it wasD) hascaused wars by magnifying and extending human conflicts3. The telephone hasintensified conflicts among people because ______ .A) itincreases the danger of warB) itprovides services to both the good and the maliciousC) it makesdistant communication easierD) it breaksup the multi-generational household4. The author describes thetelephone as impartial because it _______ .A) saveslives of people in remote placesB) enablespeople to live alone if they want toC) spreadsboth love and ill willD) replacesmuch written communication5. The writer's attitudetowards the use of the telephoneis _______A) affectionate B)disapprovingC) approving D)neutral1.D 本文主要讲了电话的发展对人类生活与活动所产生的正负两方面的影响。
英语四级阅读信息匹配精选训练及答案
英语四级阅读信息匹配精选训练及答案四级阅读信息匹配精选训练一：A One evening a few years ago I found myself in an anxiety. Nothing was really wrong my family and I were healthy, my career was busy and successful -- I was just feeling vaguely down and in need of a friend who could raise my spirits, someone who would meet me for coffee and let merant until the clouds lifted. I dialed my best friend, who now lives across the country in California, and got her voicemail. That's when it started to dawn on me -- lonesomeness was at the root of my dreariness. My social life had dwindled to almost nothing, but somehow until that moment I'd been too busy to notice. Now it hit me hard. My old friends, buddies since college or even childhood, know everything about me; when they left, they had taken my context with them.B Research has shown the long-range negative consequences of socialisolation on one's health. But my concerns were more short-term. I needed to feel understood right then in the way that only a girlfriend can understand you. I knew it would be wrong to expect my husband to replace my friends: He couldn't, and even if he could, to whom would I then complain about my husband? So I resolved to acquire new friends -- women like me who had kids and enjoyed rolling their eyes at the worlda little bit just as I did. Since I'd be making friends with more intention than I'd ever given the process, I realized Icould be selective, that I could in effect design my own social life. The down side, of course, was that I felt pretty frightened.C After all, it's a whole lot harder to make friends in midlife that it is when yon're younger -- a fact woman I've spoken with point out again and again. As Leslie Danzig, 41, a Chicago theater director and mother, sees it, whenyou're in your teens and 20s, you're more or less friends with everyone unless there's a reason not to be. Your college roommate becomes your best pal atleast partly due to proximity. Now there needs to be a reason to be friends. "There are many people I'm comfort-able around, but I wouldn't go so far as to call them friends. Comfort isn't enough to sustain a real friendship," Danzig says.D At first, finding new companions felt awkward. At 40 I couldn't run upto people the way my4-year-old daughters do in the playground and ask, "Will you be my friend? Every time you start anew relationship, you're vulnerable again," agrees Kathleen Hall, D Min, founder and CEO of the Stress Institute,in Atlanta. "You're asking, 'Would you like to come into my life?' It makes us self-conscious."E Fortunately, my discomfort soon passed. I realized that as a mature friend seeker my vulnerability risk was actually pretty low. If someone didn't take me up on my offer, so what: I wasn't in junior high, when I might have been rejected for having the wrong clothes or hair. At my age I have amassed enough self-esteem to realize that I have plenty to offer.F We're all so busy, in fact, that mutual interests -- say, in a project, class, or cause that we already make time for -- become the perfect catalysts for bringing us in contact with candidates for camaraderie. Michelle Mertes, 35, a teacher and mother of two in Wausau, Wisconsin, says anew friend she made at church came as a pleasant surprise. "In high school I chose friends based on their popular-ity and how being part of their circle might reflect on me. Now's it's our shared values and activities that count." Mertes says her pal, with whom she organized the church's youth programs, is nothing like her but their drive and organizational skills make them ideal friends.G Happily, as awkward as making new friends can be, self-esteem issues do not factor in -- or if they do, you can easily put them into perspective. Danzig tells of the mother of a child in her son's pre-school, a tall, beautiful woman who is married to a big-deal rock musician. "I said to my husband, she's too cool for me,'" she jokes. "I get intimidated by people. But once I got to know her, she turned out to be pretty laid-back and friendly." In the end there was no chemistry between them, so they didn't become good pals. "I realized that we weren't each other's type, but it wasn't about hierarchy." What midlife friendship is about, it seems, is reflecting the person you've become or are still becoming back at yourself, thus reinforcing the progress you've made in your life.H Harlene Katzman, 41, a lawyer in New York City, notes that her oldest friends knew her back when she was less sure of herself. As much as she loves them, she believes they sometimes respond to is-sues in light of who she once was. An old chum has the goods on you. With recently made friends, you can turn over a new leaf.I A new friend, chosen right, can also help you point your boat in the direction you want to go. Hanna Dershowitz, 39, an attorney and mother in Los Angeles, found that a new acquaintance from workwas exactly what she needed ina friend. In addition to liking and respecting Julia, Dershowitz had a feeling that the fit and athletic younger woman would help her to get in shape.J While you're busy making new friends, remember that you still need to nurture your old ones. We asked Marla Paul, author of The Friendship Crisis: Finding, Making, and Keeping Friends When You "re Not a Kid Anymore, for the best ways to maintain these important relationships. Keep in touch. Your friends should be a priority; schedule regular lunch dates or coffee catch-up sessions, no matter how busy you are. Know her business. Keep track of important events in a friend's life and show your support. Call or e-mail to let her know you're thinking of her. Speak your mind. Tell a friend politelyif something she did really upset you. If you can't be totally honest, then you need to reexamine the relationship. Accept her flaws. No one is perfect, so work around her quirks --she's chronically late, or she's a bit negative -- to cut down on frustration and fights. Boost her ego. Heartfelt compliments make everyone feel great, so tell her how much you love her new sweater or what a great job she did on a work project.46. Leslie Danzig thought making friends at one's middle age needed some reasons.47. A well-chosen new friend can help you go in the direction that you like.48. A few years ago the author felt lonely and depressed when she phoned her best friend in another city who was much wanted then but unavailable.49. According to Kathleen Hall, one might feel sensitive in the first curse of making new friends.50. Midlife friendship can help you realize your direction of life and reinforce the progress you've made in your life.51. In Mafia Paul's book, to be a better friend, you should keep track with your fiiends, care for your friend's job, express yourself, accept her flaws and compliment your friend for her/his good dressing and job.52. For the author, a girl friend might be the right person to under "stand her and erase her negative feeling.53. According to Michelle Metes, midlife friendship is based on the shared values and activities54. As a mature friend seeker, the author finds herself with enough confidence to offer and take rejection with grace.55. With newly made friends, you can have a chance to take on a new look in your life.Section B交友之道A数年前的一天晚上，我发现自己陷入了焦虑中。
2020年6月英语四六级阅读全面解析之段落信息匹配题
2020年6月英语四六级阅读全面解析之段落信息匹配题2015-3-20信息来源:/【官方站】―,最权威的考研门户站！繁体版英语四六级考试中阅读题占据百分之三十五的比重,考生考完试常常也会感叹一句成也阅读败也阅读,改革后四六级考试的阅读题型也发生了相应变化,现在的四六级阅读题由段落信息匹配题、选词填空题、深度阅读题三个部分组成,每个题型又都具备自己独立的特点,因此文都四六级考试网老师就三种题型分别给予分析,希望有助于提高大家的复习效果,下面解析的是段落信息匹配题.段落信息匹配题特点分析1、做题时间10~15分钟2、四级真题显示需要将10道题目信息配对到9个段落中;3、六级真题显示需要将10道题目信息配对到15个段落中;4、考试说明提到,某段可能被用到两次,而某段可能完全不被涉及.5、这类题型的出题形式为:题干给出原文的若干条细节信息,要求考生找出文中分别有这些信息的段落(即题目当中会问道:whichparagraphcontainsthefollowinginformation).实际考试中,在时间和耐力的双重压迫下,考生却常常和正确答案失之交臂.解题技巧1.先看题目后看文章.尽管信息匹配题在考细节,但是题干涉及的细节信息往往反映文章的主旨或段落主题,所以,通过快速浏览题干中的若干条细节信息,考生可以迅速把握文章的主旨,从而能够在回头阅读原文时加快定位速度,节省阅读时间.2.先易后难,步步为营.采用由易到难的解题策略,可以提升考生的解题信心.对于那些能迅速找出定位信息返回的句子,考生不妨先做.而对于答题线索较少的题目,考生可留在最后再解答.以上就是段落信息匹配题的技巧解析,现在正是2015年6月英语四六级考试报名的阶段,报名工作已完成的考生们要加紧把握时间了哦,距离六月份考试仅剩不到三个月的时间了,早点开始复习以免后期慌乱,文都预祝大家考试顺利!版权声明本文版权属本网所有,任何媒体、网站或个人未经本网协议授权不得转载、链接、转贴或以其他方式复制发表.已经本站协议授权的媒体、网站,在下载使用时必须注明“稿件。
英语四级长篇阅读匹配试题及答案
英语四级长篇阅读匹配试题及答案英语四级长篇阅读匹配试题及答案 1There are three kinds of goals: short-term,medium-range and long-term goals. Short-range goals are those that usually deal with current activities,which we can apply on a daily basis.Such goals can be achieved in a week or less,or two weeks,or possible months.It should be remembered that just as a building is no stronger than its foundation ,out long-term goals cannot amount to very munch without the achievement of solid short-term goals.Upon completing our short-term goals,we should date the occasion and then add new short-term goals that will build on those that have been completed. The intermediate goals bukld on the foundation of the short-range goals.They might deal with just one term of school or the entire school year,or they could even extend for several years.Any time you move a step at a time,you should never allow yourself to become discouraged or overwhelmed. As you complete each step,you will enforce the belief in your ability to grow adn succeed.And as your list of completion dates grow,your motivation and desire will increase.Long-range goals may be related to our dreams of the future. They might cover five years or more. Life is not a static thing.We should never allow a long-term goal to limit us or our course of action. 1.Our long-term goals mean a lot______.A.if we complete our short-range goalsB.if we cannot reach solid short-term goalsC.if we write down the datesD.if we put forward some plans2.New short-term goals are bulid upon______.A.two yearsB.long-term goalsC.current activitiesD.the goals that have been completed3.When we complete each step of our goals ,______.A.we will win final successB.we are overwhelmedC.we should build up confidence of successD.we should strong desire for setting new goals 4.Once our goals are drawn up,_______.A.we should stick to them until we complete themB.we may change our goals as we have new ideas and opportunitiesC.we had better wait for the exciting news of successD.we have made great decision5.It is implied but not stated in the passage that ______.A.those who habe long-term goals will succeedB.writing down the dates may discourage youC.the goal is only a guide for us to reach our desinationD.every should have a goal答案：adcbc英语四级长篇阅读匹配试题及答案 2If the population of the earth goes on increasing at its present rate, there will eventually not be enough resources left to sustain life on the planet.By the middle of the 21st century,if present trends continue, we will have used up all the oil that drives our cars,for example.Even if scientists develop new ways of feeding the human race,the crowded conditions on earth will make it necessary for lus to look for open space somewhere else. But none of the other planets in our solar system are capable of supporting life at present. One possible solution to the problem, however,has recently been suggested by American scientist, Professor Carl Sagan. Sagan believes that before the earths resources are compleetely exhausted it will be possible to change the atmophere of Venus and so create a new world almost as large as earth itself. The difficult is that Venus is much hotter than the earth and there is only a tiny amount of water there. Sagan proposes that algae organisms that can live in extremely hot or cold atmospheres and at the same time produce oxygen,should be bred in condition similar to those on Venus.As soon as this has been done, the algae will be placed in small rockets. Spaceship will then fly to Venus and fire the rockets into the atmosphere .In a fairly short time, the alge will break down the carbon dioxide into oxygen andcarbon. When the algae have done theri work, the atmosphere will become cooler,but befor man can set foot on Venus it will be neccessary for the oxygen to produce rain. The surface of the planet will still be too hot for man to land on it but the rain will eventually fall and in a few years something like earth will be reproduced on Venus. -1.Inte long run, the most insoluble problem caused by population growth on earth will probably be the lack of ______.a.foodb.oilc.spaced.resources2.Carl Sagan believes that Venus might be colonized from earth because _____ a.it might be possible to change its atmosphere b.its atmosphere is the same as the earthsc.there is a good supply of water on Venusd.the days on Venus are long enough3.On Venus there is a lot of ________.a.waterb.carbon dioxidec.carbon monoxided.oxygen4.Algae are plants that can____.a.live in very hot temperaturesb.live in very cold temperaturesc.manufacture oxygend.all of the above5. Man can land on Venus only when_______. a.the algae have done their work -b.the atmosphere becomes coolerc.thereis oxygend.it rains there答案：cabdd英语四级长篇阅读匹配试题及答案 3Like a needle climbing up a bathroom scale, the number keeps rising. In 1991, 15% of Americans were obese(肥胖的); by 1999, that proportion had grown to 27%. Youngsters, who should have age and activity on their side, are growing larger as well: 19% of Americans under 17 are obese. Waistbands have been popping in other western countries too, as physical activity has declined and diets have expanded. By and large, people in the rich world seem to have lost the fight against flab(松弛).Meanwhile, poorer nations have enjoyed some success in their battles against malnutrition and famine. But, according to research presented at the annual meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, it is more a case of being out of the frying pan and into the fire. The most striking example actually in the poor world comes from the Pacific islands, home of the world’s most obese communities. In 1966, 14% of the men on this island were obese while 100% of men under the age of 30 in 1996 were obese.This increase in weight has been uneven as well as fast. As a result, undernourished and over-nourished people frequently live cheek by jowl(面颊). The mix can even occur within a single household. A study of families in Indonesia found that nearly 10% contained both the hungry and the fat. This is a mysterious phenomenon, but might have something to do with people of different ages being given different amounts of food to eat.The prospect of heading off these problems is bleak. In many affected countries there are cultural factorsto contend with, such as an emphasis on eating large meals together, or on food as a form. ofhospitality.Moreover, there is a good measure of disbelief on the part of policymakers that such a problem Could existin their countries. Add to that reluctance on the part of governments to spend resources on promoting dietand exercise while starvation is still a real threat, and the result is a recipe for inaction. Unless something is done soon, it might not be possible to turn the clock back.英语四级阅读模拟试题：Choose correct answers to the question:1.The first sentence of the passage most probably implies that ______.A.many Americans are obsessed with the rising temperature in their bathroomB.more people are overweighed in the United StatesC.people are doing more physical exercises with the help of scalesD.youngsters become taller and healthier thanks to more activities2.As physical exercise declines and diet expands, ______.A.other western countries has been defeated by fatB.obesity has become an epidemic(流行病)of the rich worldC.waistbands begin to be popular in other western countriesD.western countries can no longer fight against obesity3.Which is NOT the point of the example of the Pacific Islands?A.The poor community has shaken off poverty and people are well-fed now.B.Obesity is becoming a problem in the developing world too.C.Excessive weight increase will cause no less harm than the food shortage.D.The problem of overweight emerges very fast.4.Of tackling obesity in the poor world, we can learn from the passage that____A.the matter is so complex as to go beyond our capacityB.no matter what we do, the prospect will always be bleakC.it is starvation, the real threat, that needs to be solvedD.we should take immediate actions before it becomes incurable5.What is the main idea of this passage?A.Obesity is now a global problem that needs tackling.B.The weights increase fast throughout the whole world.C.Obesity and starvation are two main problems in the poor world.D.Obesity has shifted from the rich world to the poor world.英语四级阅读参考答案1.[B] 推理判断题。
英语四级阅读信息匹配练习题
英语四级阅读信息匹配练习题英语四级阅读信息匹配练习题Lazy is a mother, she has a son: robbery, and a daughter: hunger. 以下是店铺为大家搜索整理的英语四级阅读信息匹配练习题，希望能给大家带来帮助!Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter.长篇阅读Paper--More than Meets the EyeA) We are surrounded by so much paper and card that it is easy to forget just how complex it is. There are many varieties and grades of paper materials, and whilst it is fairly easy to spot the varieties, it is far more difficult to spot the grades.B) It needs to be understood that most paper and card is manufactured for a specific purpose, so that whilst the corn-flake packet may look smart, it is clearly not something destined for the archives. It is made to look good, but only needs a limited life span. It is also much cheaper to manufacture than high grade card.C) Paper can be made from an almost endless variety of cellulose-based material which will include many woods, cottons and grasses or which papyrus is an example and from where we get the word "paper". Many of these are very specialized, but the preponderance of paper making has been from soft wood and cotton or rags, with the bulk being wood-based.Paper from WoodD) In order to make wood into paper it needs to be broken down into fine strands. Firstly by powerful machinery and then boiled with strong alkalies such as caustic soda, until a fine pulp of cellulose fibers is produced. It is from this pulp that the final product is made, relying on the bonding together of the cellulose into layers. That, in a very small nutshell, is the essence of paper making from wood. However, the reality is rather more complicated. In order to give us our white paper and card, the makers will add bleach and other materials such as china clay and additional chemicals.E) A further problem with wood is that it contains a material that is not cellulose. Something called lignin. This is essential for the tree since it holds the cellulose fibres together, but if it is incorporated into the manufactured paper it presents archivists with a problem. Lignin eventually breaks down and releases acid products into the paper. This will weaken the bond between the cellulose fibers and the paper will become brittle and look rather brown and careworn. We have all seen this in old newspapers and cheap paperback books. It has been estimated that most paper back books will have a life of not greater than fifty years. Not what we need for our archives.F) Since the lignin can be removed from the paper pulp during manufacture, the obvious question is "why is it left in the paper?" The answer lies in the fact that lignin makes up a considerable part of the tree. By leaving the lignin in the pulp a papermaker can increase his paper yield from a tree to some 95%. Removing it means a yield of only 35%. It is clearly uneconomic to remove the lignin for many paper and card applications.G) It also means, of course, that lignin-free paper is going tobe more expensive, but that is nevertheless what the archivist must look for in his supplies. There is no point whatsoever in carefully placing our valuable artifacts in paper or card that is going to hasten their demise. Acid is particularly harmful to photographic materials, causing them to fade and is some cases simply vanish!H) So, how do we tell a piece of suitable paper or card from one that is unsuitable? You cannot do it by simply looking, and rather disappointingly, you cannot always rely on the label. "Acid-free" might be true inasmuch as a test on the paper may indicate that it is a neutral material at this time. But lignin can take years before it starts the inevitable process of breaking down, and in the right conditions it will speed up enormously.I) Added to this, as I have indicated earlier, paper may also contain other materials added during manufacture such as bleach, china clay, chemical whiteners and size. This looks like a bleak picture, and it would be but for the fact that there are suppliers who will guarantee the material that they sell. If you want to be absolutely sure that you are storing in, or printing on, the correct material then this is probably the only way.J) Incidentally, acids can migrate from material to material. Lining old shoe boxes with good quality acid-free paper will do little to guard the contents. The acid will get there in the end.Paper from RagK) Paper is also commonly made from cotton and rag waste. This has the advantage of being lignin-free, but because there is much less cotton and rag than trees, it also tends to be much more expensive than wood pulp paper. You will still need to purchase from a reliable source though, since even rag paper and card can contain undesirable additives.L) A reliable source for quality rag papers is a recognized art stockiest. Many water color artists insist on using only fine quality rag paper and board.M) The main lesson to learn from this information is that you cannot rely on purchasing archival materials from the high street. The only safe solution is to purchase from specialist suppliers. It may cost rather more, but in the end you will know that your important and valuable data and images have the best home possible.1. The corn-flake packet is cheaper than high grade card.2. There are a lot of materials which can be used for making paper, but the superiority ones are soft wood, cotton and rags.3. During the whole manufacturing process, the final product is made from a pulp of cellulose fibres.4. In order to make white paper and card, the makers will add bleach.5. Liguin is essential for the tree but it will make paper easy to break.6. Many paper producers will preserve lignin during manufacture, because leaving the lignin will make more paper from a tree.7. Acid is particularly harmful to photographic materials.8. If the lignin is removed from the paper, the paper will be more expensive.9. Although free of lignin, paper made from cotton and rag waste can also cost more money than wood pulp paper because there is much less cotton and rag than trees.10. What we can learn from "Paper from Rag" is that you had better buy archival materials from specialist suppliers.文章精要：本文主要介绍了我们平常所见所用的纸的复杂性，通过介绍用木头和破布料造纸的过程，使我们对纸的类别、属性有了更深入的了解。
英语四级段落信息匹配题及答案
英语四级段落信息匹配题及答案导读：我根据大家的需要整理了一份关于《英语四级段落信息匹配题及答案》的内容，具体内容：如英语俨然也成为了一门必修必须掌握的学科，英语四级已经成为大学生们很基本的一门考试了，今天我在这里为大家分享一些英语四级段落信息匹配题，欢迎大家阅读!英语四级段落信息匹配题...如英语俨然也成为了一门必修必须掌握的学科，英语四级已经成为大学生们很基本的一门考试了，今天我在这里为大家分享一些英语四级段落信息匹配题，欢迎大家阅读!英语四级段落信息匹配题篇1Paper--More than Meets the EyeA) We are surrounded by so much paper and card that it is easy to forget just how complex it is. There are many varieties and grades of paper materials, and whilst it is fairly easy to spot the varieties, it is far more difficult to spot the grades.B) It needs to be understood that most paper and card is manufactured for a specific purpose, so that whilst the corn-flake packet may look smart, it is clearly not something destined for the archives. It is made to look good, but only needs a limited life span. It is also much cheaper to manufacture than high grade card.C) Paper can be made from an almost endless variety ofcellulose-based material which will include many woods, cottons and grasses or which papyrus is an example and from where we get the word "paper". Many of these are very specialized, but the preponderance of paper making has been from soft wood and cotton or rags, with the bulk being wood-based.Paper from WoodD) In order to make wood into paper it needs to be broken down into fine strands. Firstly by powerfulmachinery and then boiled with strong alkalies such as caustic soda, until a fine pulp of cellulose fibers is produced. It is from this pulp that the final product is made, relying on the bonding together of the cellulose into layers. That, in a very small nutshell, is the essence of paper making from wood. However, the reality is rather more complicated. In order to give us our white paper and card, the makers will addbleach and other materials such as china clay and additional chemicals.E) A further problem with wood is that it contains a material that is not cellulose. Something calledlignin. This is essential for the tree since it holds the cellulose fibres together, but if it is incorporated into the manufactured paper it presents archivists with a problem. Lignin eventually breaks down and releases acid products into the paper. This will weaken the bond between the cellulose fibers and the paper will become brittle and look ratherbrown and careworn. We have all seen this in old newspapers and cheap paperback books. It has been estimated that most paper back books will have a life of notgreater than fifty years. Not what we need for our archives.F) Since the lignin can be removed from the paper pulp during manufacture, the obvious question is "why is it left in the paper?" The answer lies in the fact that lignin makes up a considerable part of the tree. By leaving the lignin in the pulp a papermaker can increase his paper yield from a tree to some 95%. Removing it means a yield of only 35%. It is clearly uneconomic to remove the lignin for many paper and card applications.G) It also means, of course, that lignin-free paper is going to be more expensive, but that is nevertheless what the archivist must look for in his supplies. There is no point whatsoever in carefully placing our valuable artifacts in paper or card that is going to hasten their demise. Acid is particularly harmful to photographic materials, causing them to fade and is some cases simply vanish!H) So, how do we tell a piece of suitable paper or card from one that is unsuitable? You cannot do it by simply looking, and rather disappointingly, you cannot always rely on the label. "Acid-free" might be true inasmuch as a test on the paper may indicate that it is a neutral material at this time. But lignin can take years beforeit starts the inevitable process of breaking down, and in the right conditions it will speed up enormously.I) Added to this, as I have indicated earlier, paper may also contain other materials added during manufacture such as bleach, china clay, chemical whiteners and size. This looks like a bleak picture, and it would be but for the fact that there are suppliers who will guarantee the material that they sell. If you want to be absolutely sure that you are storing in, or printing on, the correct material then this is probably the only way.J) Incidentally, acids can migrate from material to material. Lining old shoe boxes with good quality acid-free paper will do little to guard the contents. The acid will get there in the end. Paper from RagK) Paper is also commonly made from cotton and rag waste. This has the advantage of being lignin-free, but because there is much less cotton and rag than trees, it also tends to be much more expensive than wood pulp paper. You will still need to purchase from a reliable source though, since even rag paper and card can contain undesirable additives.L) A reliable source for quality rag papers is a recognized art stockiest. Many water color artists insist on using only fine quality rag paper and board.M) The main lesson to learn from this information is that you cannot rely on purchasing archival materials from the high street. The only safe solution is to purchase from specialist suppliers. It may cost rather more, but in the end you will know that your important and valuable data and images have the best home possible.1. The corn-flake packet is cheaper than high grade card.2. There are a lot of materials which can be used for making paper, but the superiority ones are soft wood, cotton and rags.3. During the whole manufacturing process, the final product is made from a pulp of cellulose fibres.4. In order to make white paper and card, the makers will add bleach.5. Liguin is essential for the tree but it will make paper easy to break.6. Many paper producers will preserve lignin during manufacture, because leaving the lignin will make more paper from a tree.7. Acid is particularly harmful to photographic materials.8. If the lignin is removed from the paper, the paper will be more expensive.9. Although free of lignin, paper made from cotton and rag waste can also cost more money than wood pulp paper because there is much less cotton and rag than trees.10. What we can learn from "Paper from Rag" is that you had better buy archival materials from specialist suppliers.答案参考：1. B 根据题干中的信息提示词corn—flake packet,high grade card,可定位到文章第二段，该部分最后提到corn-flake packet在制造过程中比高等级的纸(high grade card)便宜.2. C 根据题干中的信息提示词soft wood，cotton and rags，可定位到文章第三段最后一句。
英语四级段落信息匹配题练习及答案
Directions:In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter.长篇阅读Beauty and Body Image in the Media[A] Images of female bodies are everywhere. Women—and their body parts—sell everything from food to cars. Popular film and television actresses are becoming younger, taller and thinner. Some have even been known to faint on the set from lack of food. Women’s magazines are full of articles urging that if they can just lose those last twenty pounds, they’ll have it all—the perfect marriage, loving children, great sex, and a rewarding career.[B] Why are standards of beauty being imposed on women, the majority of whom are naturally larger and more mature than any of the models? The roots, some analysts say, are economic. By presenting an ideal difficult to achieve and maintain the cosmetic and diet product industries are assured of growth and profits. And it’s no accident that youth is increasingly promoted, along with thinness, as an essential criterion of beauty. If not all women need to lose weight, for sure they’re all aging, says the Quebec Action Network for Women’s Health in its 2001 report. And, according to the industry, age is a disaster that needs to be dealt with.[C] The stakes are huge. On the one hand, women who are insecure about their bodies are more likely to buy beauty products, new clothes, and diet aids. It is estimated that the diet industry alone is worth anywhere between 40 to 100 billion (U.S.) a year selling temporary weight loss (90% to 95% of dieters regain the lost weight). On the other hand, research indicates that exposure to images of thin, young, air-brushed female bodies is linked to depression, loss of self-esteem and the development of unhealthy eating habits in women and girls.[D ] The American research group Anorexia Nervosa & Related Eating Disorders, Inc. says that one out of every four college-aged women uses unhealthy methods of weight control—including fasting, skipping meals, excessive exercise, laxative (泻药)abuse, and self-induced vomiting. The pressure to be thin is also affecting young girls: the Canadian Women’s Health Network warns that weight control measures are now being taken by girls as young as 5 and 6. American statistics are similar. Several studies, such as one conducted by Marika Tiggemann and Levina Clark in 2006 titled “Appearance Culture in 9- to 12-Year-Old Girls: Media and Peer Influences on Body Dissatisfaction,” indicate that nearly half of all preadolescent girls wish to be thinner, and as a result have engaged in a diet or are aware of the concept of dieting. In 2003, Teen magazine reported that 35 percent of girls 6 to 12 years old have been on at least one diet, and that 50 to 70 percent of normal weight girls believe they are overweight. Overall research indicates that 90% of women are dissatisfied with their appearance in some way. Media activist Jean Kilbourne concludes that, “Women are sold to the diet industry by the magazines we read and the television programs we watch, almost all of which make us feel anxious about our weight.”[ E] Perhaps the most disturbing is the fact that media images of female beauty are unattainable for all but a very small number of women. Researchers generating a computer model of a woman with Barbie-doll proportions, for example, found that her back would be too weak to support the weight of her upper body, and her body would be too narrow to contain more than half a liver and a few centimeters of bowel. A real woman built that way would suffer from chronic diarrhea (慢性腹泻)and eventually die from malnutrition. Jill Barad, President of Mattel (which manufactures Barbie), estimated that 99% of girls aged 3 to 10 years old own at least one Barbie doll. Still, the number of real life women and girls who seek a similarly underweight body is epidemic, and they can suffer equally devastating health consequences. In 2006 it was estimated that up to 450, 000 Canadian women were affected by an eating disorder.[F ] Researchers report that women’s magazines have ten and one-half times more ads and art icles promoting weight loss than men’s magazines do, and over three-quarters of the covers of women’s magazines include at least one message about how to change a woman’s bodily appearance—by diet, exercise or cosmetic surgery. Television and movies reinforce theimportance of a thin body as a measure of a woman’s worth. Canadian researcher Gregory Fouts reports that over three-quarters of the female characters in TV situation comedies are underweight, and only one in twenty are above average in size. Heavier actresses tend to receive negative comments from male characters about their bodies (“How about wearing a sack?，，)，and 80 percent of these negative comments are followed by canned audience laughter.[G] There have been efforts in the magazine industry to buck (才氐制，反抗)the trend. For several years the Quebec magazine Coup de Pouce has consistently included full-sized women in their fashion pages and Chatelaine has pledged not to touch up photos and not to include models less than 25 years of age. In Madr id, one of the world’s biggest fashion capitals, ultra-thin models were banned from the runway in 2006. Furthermore Spain has recently undergone a project with the aim to standardize clothing sizes through using a unique process in which a laser beam is us ed to measure real life women’s bodies in order to find the most true to life measurement.[ H] Another issue is the representation of ethnically diverse women in the media. A 2008 study conducted by Juanita Covert and Travis Dixon titled “A Changing Vie w: Representation and Effects of the Portrayal of Women of Color in Mainstream Women’s Magazines” found that although there was an increase in the representation of women of colour, overall white women were overrepresented in mainstream women’s magazines f rom 1999 to 2004.[I] The barrage of messages about thinness, dieting and beauty tells “ordinary” women that they are always in need of adjustment—and that the female body is an object to be perfected. Jean Kilbourne argues that the overwhelming presence of media images of painfully thin women means that real women’s bodies have become invisible in the mass media. The real tragedy, Kilbourne concludes, is that many women internalize thesestereotypes, and judge themselves by the beauty industry’s standa rds. Women learn to compare themselves toother women, and to compete with them for male attention. This focus on beauty and desirability “effectively destroys any awareness and action that might help to change that climate.”46. A report in Teen magazine showed that 50% to 70% girls with normal weight think that they need to lose weight.47. On the whole, for 6 years white women had been occupying much more space in mainstream women’s magazines since 1999.48. Some negative effects such as depression and unhealthy eating habits in females are related to their being exposed to images of thin and young female bodies.49. The mass media has helped boost the cosmetic and the diet industries.50. It is reported that there is at least one message about the methods for women to change their bodily appearance on more than three-quarters of the covers of women’s magazines.51. Some film and television actresses even faint on the scene due to eating too little.52. Too much concern with appearance makes it impossible to change such abnormal trend.53. Researchers found that a real woman with Barbie-doll proportions would eventually die from malnutrition.54. The Quebec magazine Coup (e Pouce resists the trend by consistently including full-sized women in their fashion pages for several years.5 5. According to some analysts, the fundamental reason of imposing standards of beauty on women is economic profits.PartⅢ Reading ComprehensionSection B46. [D]题干意为，《青少年》杂志上的一项报道称，有50%到70%体重正常的女孩认为自己需要减肥。
英语四级长篇阅读段落信息匹配题练习附答案和解析(3)
英语四级长篇阅读段落信息匹配题练习附答案和解析(3)Section BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.Endangered PeoplesA) Today, it is not distance, but culture that separates the peoples of the world. The central question of our time may be how to deal with cultural differences. So begins the book, Endangered Peoples, by Art Davidson. It is an attempt to provide understanding of the issues affecting the world's native peoples. This book tells the stories of 21 tribes, cultures, and cultural areas that are struggling to survive. It tells each story through the voice of a member of the tribe .Mr. Davidson recorded their words. Art Wolfe and John Isaac took pictures of them. The organization called the Sierra Club published thebook.B) The native groups live far apart in North America or South America, Africa or Asia. Yet their situations are similar. They are fighting the march of progress in an effort to keep themselves and their cultures alive. Some of them follow ancient ways most of the time. Some follow modern ways most of the time. They have one foot in ancient world and one foot in modern world. They hope to continue to balance between these two worlds. Yet the pressures to forget their traditions and join the modern world may be too great.C) Rigoberta Menchu of Guatemala, the Nobel Peace Prize winner in 1992, offers her thoughts in the beginning of the book Endangered Peoples. She notes that many people claim that native people are like stories from the past. They are ruins that have died. She disagrees strongly. She says native communities are not remains of the past. They have a future, and they have much wisdom and richness to offer the rest of the world.D) Art Davidson traveled thousands of miles around the world while working on the book. He talked to many people to gather their thoughts and feelings. Mr. Davidson notes that their desires are the same. People want to remain themselves~he says. They want to raise their children the way they were raised. They want their children to speak their mother tongue, their own language. They want them to have their parents' values and customs. Mr. Davidson says the people's cries are the same: "Does our culture have to die? Do we have to disappear as a people?"E) Art Davidson lived for more than 25 years among native people in the American state of Alaska. He says his interest in native peoples began his boyhood when he found an ancient stone arrowhead. The arrowhead was used as a weapon to hunt food. The hunter was an American Indian, long dead. Mr. Davidson realized then that Indians had lived in the state of Colorado, right where he was standing. And it was then, he says, that he first wondered: "Where are they? Where did they go? "He found answers to his early question. Many of the native peoples had disappeared. They were forced off their lands. Or they were killed in battle. Or they died from diseases brought by new settlers. Other native peoples remained, but they had to fight to survive the pressures of the modern world.F) The Gwich'in are an example of the survivors. They have lived in what is now Alaska and Canada for 10,000 years. Now about 5,000 Gwich'in remain. They are mainly hunters. They huntthe caribou, a large deer with big horns that travels across the huge spaces of the far north. For centuries, they have used all parts of the caribou: the meat for food, the skins for clothes, the bones for tools. Hunting caribou is the way of life of the Gwich'in.G) One Gwich'in told Art Davidson of memories from his childhood. It was a time when the tribe lived quietly in its own corner of the world. He spoke to Mr. Davidson in these words: "As long as I can remember, someone would sit by a fire on the hilltop every spring and autumn. His job was to look for caribou. If he saw a caribou, he would wave his arms or he would make his fire to give off more smoke. Then the village would come to life! People ran up to the hilltop. The tribes seemed to be at its best at these gatherings. We were all filled with happiness and sharing!"H) About ten years ago, the modern world invaded the quiet world of the Gwich' in. Oil companies wanted to drill for oil in the Arctic National Wildlife Preserve. This area was the please where the caribou gave birth to their young. The Gwich'in feared the caribou would disappear. One Gwich' in woman describes the situation in these words: "Oil development threatens the caribou. If the caribou are threatened, then thepeople are threatened. Oil company official and American lawmakers do not seem to understand. They do not come into our homes and share our food. They have never tried to understand the feeling expressed in our songs and our prayers. They have not seen the old people cry. Our elders have seen parts of our culture destroyed. They worry that our people may disappear forever."I) A scientist with a British oil company dismisses (驳回，打消) the fears of the Gwich'in. He also says they have no choice. They will have to change. The Gwich' in, however, are resisting. They took legal action to stop the oil companies. But they won only a temporary ban on oil development in the Arctic National Wildlife Preserve. Pressures continue on other native people, as Art Davidson describes in his book. The pressures come from expanding populations, dam projects that flood tribal lands, and political and economic conflicts threaten the culture, lands, and lives of such groups as the Quechua of Peru, the Malagasy of Madagascar and the Ainu of Japan.J) The organization called Cultural Survival has been in existence for 22 years. It tries to protect the rights and cultures of peoples throughout the world. It has about 12,000members. And it receives help from a large number of students who work without pay. Theodore MacDonald is director of the Cultural Survival Research Center. He says the organization has three main jobs. It does research and publishes information. It works with native people directly. And it creates markets for goods produced by native communities.K) Late last year, Cultural Survival published a book called State of the Peoples: a Global Human Rights Report on Societies in Danger. The book contains reports from researchers who work for Cultural Survival, from experts on native peoples, and from native peoples themselves. The book describes the conditions of different native and minority groups. It includes longer reports about several threatened societies, including the Penan of Malaysia and the Anishina be of North American. And it provides the names of organizations similar to Cultural Survival for activists, researchers and the press.L) David May bury-Lewis started the Cultural Survival organization. Mr. May bury-Lewis believes powerful groups rob native peoples of their lives, lands, or resources. About 6,000 groups are left in the world. A native group is one that has its own langue. It has a long-term link to a homeland. And it has governed itself. Theodore MacDonald says Cultural Survivalworks to protect the rights of groups, not just individual people. He says the organization would like to develop a system of early warnings when these rights are threatened .Mr. MacDonald notes that conflicts between different groups within a country have been going on forever and will continue. Such conflicts, he says, cannot be prevented. But they do not have to become violent. What Cultural Survival wants is to help set up methods that lead to peaceful negotiations of traditional differences. These methods, he says, are a lot less costly than war.46. Rigoberta Menchu, the Nobel Peace Prize winner in 1992, writes preface for the book Endangered Peoples.47. The book Endangered Peoples contents not only words, but also pictures.48. Art Davidson's initial interest in native people was aroused by an ancient stone arrowhead he found in his childhood, which was once used by an American Indian hunter.49. The native groups are trying very hard to balance between the ancient world and the modern world.50. By talking with them, Art Davidson finds that the native people throughout the world desire to remain themselves.51. Most of the Gwich'in are hunters, who live on huntingcaribou.52. Cultural Survival is an organization which aims at protecting the rights and cultures of peoples throughout the world.53. According to Theodore MacDonald, the Cultural Survival organization .would like to develop a system of early warnings when a society's rights are to be violated.54. The book State of the Peoples: a Global Human Rights Report on Societies in Danger describes the conditions of different native and minority groups.55. The Gwich' in tried to stop oil companies from drilling for oil in the Arctic National Wildlife Preserve for fear that it should drive the caribou away.答案详解：A)现在，是文化而非距离将世界各民族分隔开。
英语阅读段落匹配四级真题及答案
英语阅读段落匹配四级真题及答案英语阅读段落匹配四级真题及答案在平平淡淡的日常中，许多人都接触过一些比较经典的段落吧，段落是文章中最基本的单位。
内容上它具有一个相对完整的意思；在文章中，段具有换行的标。
你知道什么样的段落才能算得上是好的段落吗？以下是店铺精心整理的英语阅读段落匹配四级真题及答案，希望对大家有所帮助。
英语阅读段落匹配四级真题及答案篇1Section BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.Resilience Is About How You Recharge, Not How You Endure[A]As constant travelers and parents of a 2-year-old, we sometimes fantasize about how much work we can do when one of us gets on a plane, undistracted by phones, friends, or movies. We race to get all our ground work done: packing, going through security, doing a last-minute work call, calling each other, then boarding the plane. Then, when we try to have that amazing work session in flight, we get nothing done. Even worse, after refreshing our email or reading the same studies over and over, we are too exhausted when we land to soldier on with (继续处理) the emails that have inevitably still piled up.[B] Why should flying deplete us? We’re just sitting there doing nothing. Why can’t we be tougher, more resilient (有复原力的) and determined in our work so we can accomplish all of the goals we set for ourselves? Based on our current research, we have come to realize that the problem is not our hectic schedule or the plane travel itself; the problem comes from a misconception of what it means to be resilient, and the resulting impact of overworking.[C] We often take a milita ristic, “tough” approach to resilience and determination like a Marine pulling himself through the mud, a boxer going one more round, or a football player picking himself up off the ground for one more play. We believe that the longer we tough it out, the tougher we are, and therefore the more successful we will be. However, this entire conception is scientifically inaccurate.[D]The very lack of a recovery period is dramatically holding back our collective ability to be resilient and successful. Research has found that there is a direct correlation between lack of recovery and increased incidence of health and safety problems. And lack of recovery—whether by disrupting sleep with thoughts of work or having continuous cognitive arousal by watching our phones—is costing our companies $62 billion a year in lost productivity.[E] And just because work stops, it doesn’t mean we are recovering. We “stop” work sometimes at 5pm, but then we spend the night wrestling with solutions to work problems, talking about our work over dinner, and falling asleep thinking about how much work we’ll do tomorrow. In a study just released, researchers from Norway found that 7.8% of Norwegians have become workaholics(工作狂). The scientists cite a definition of “workaholism” as “being overly concerned about work, driven by an uncontrollable work motivation, andinvesting so much time and effort in work that it impairs other important life areas.”[F] We believe that the number of people who fit that definition includes the majority of American workers, which prompted us to begin a study of workaholism in the U.S. Our study will use a large corporate dataset from a major medical company to examine how technology extends our working hours and thus interferes with necessary cognitive recovery, resulting in huge health care costs and turnover costs for employers.[G] The misconception of resilience is often bred from an early age. Parents trying to teach their children resilience might celebrate a high school student staying up until 3am to finish a science fair project. What a distortion of resilience! A resilient child is a well-rested one. When an exhausted student goes to school, he risks hurting everyone on the road with his impaired driving; he doesn’t have the cognitive resources to do well on his English test; he has lower self-control with his friends; and at home, he is moody with his parents. Overwork and exhaustion are the opposite of resilience and the bad habits we acquire when we’re young only magnify when we hit the workforce.[H] As Jim Loehr and Tony Schwartz have written, if you have too much time in the performance zone, you need more time in the recovery zone, otherwise you risk burnout. Gathering your resources to “try hard” requires burning energy in order to overcome your currently low arousal level. It also worsens exhaustion. Thus the more imbalanced we become due to overworking, the more value there is in activities that allow us to return to a state of balance. The value of a recovery period rises in proportion to the amount of work required of us.[I] So how do we recover and build resilience? Most peopleassume that if you stop doing a task like answering emails or writing a paper, your brain will naturally recover, so that when you start again later in the day or the next morning, you’ll have your energy back. But surely everyone reading this has had times when you lie in bed for hours, unable to fall asleep because your brain is thinking about work. If you lie in bed for eight hours, you may have rested, but you can still feel exhausted the next day. That’s because rest and recovery are not the same thing.[J] If you’re trying to build resilience at work, you need adequate internal and external recovery periods. As researchers Zijlstra, Cropley and Rydstedt write in t heir 2014 paper: “Internal recovery refers to the shorter periods of relaxation that take place within the frames of the work day or the work setting in the form of short scheduled or unscheduled breaks, by shifting attention or changing to other work tasks when the mental or physical resources required for the initial task are temporarily depleted or exhausted. External recovery refers to actions that take place outside of work—e.g. in the free time between the work days, and during weekends, holidays or v acations.” If after work you lie around on your bed and get irritated by political commentary on your phone or get stressed thinking about decisions about how to renovate your home, your brain has not received a break from high mental arousal states. Our brains need a rest as much as our bodies do.[K] If you really want to build resilience, you can start by strategically stopping. Give yourself the resources to be tough by creating internal and external recovery periods. Amy Blankson describes how to strategically stop during the day by using technology to control overworking. She suggests downloading the Instant or Moment apps to see how many times you turn onyour phone each day. You can also use apps like Offtime or Unplugged to create tech free zones by strategically scheduling automatic airplane modes. The average person turns on their phone 150 times every day. If every distraction took only 1 minute, that would account for 2.5 hours a day.[L] In addition, you can take a cognitive break every 90 minutes to charge your batteries. Try to not have lunch at your desk, but instead spend time outside or with your friends—not talking about work. Take all of your paid time off, which not only gives you recovery periods, but raises your productivity and likelihood of promotion.[M] As for us, we’ve started using our plane time as a work-free zone, and thus time to dip into the recovery phase. The results have been fantastic. We are usually tired already by the time we get on a plane, and the crowded space and unstable internet connection make work more challenging. Now, instead of swimming upstream, we relax, sleep, watch movies, or listen to music. And when we get off the plane, instead of being depleted, we feel recovered and ready to return to the performance zone.36. It has been found that inadequate recovery often leads to poor health and accidents.37. Mental relaxation is much needed, just as physical relaxation is.38. Adequate rest not only helps one recover, but also increases one’s work efficiency.39. The author always has a hectic time before taking a flight.40. Recovery may not take place even if one seems to have stopped working.41. It is advised that technology be used to prevent people from overworking.42. Contrary to popular belief, rest does not equal recovery.43. The author has come to see that his problem results froma misunderstanding of the meaning of resilience.44. People’s distorted view about resilience may have developed from their upbringing.45. People tend to think the more determined they are, the greater their success will be.36. 答案：D。
四级长篇阅读段落信息匹配题练习及标准答案-
四级长篇阅读段落信息匹配题练习及答案-3————————————————————————————————作者：————————————————————————————————日期：2四级长篇阅读段落信息匹配题练习及答案（3）Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter.长篇阅读Preparing for Computer DisastersA) Summary: When home office computers go down, many small businesses grind to a halt. Fortunately, taking steps to recover from disasters and minimize their effects is quite straightforward.B) Fires, power surges, and floods, they're all facts of life. We read about them in the morning paper and see them on the evening news. We sympathize with the victims and commiserate over their bad luck. We also shake our heads at the digital consequences—melted computers, system failures, destroyed data. Yet, somehow, many of us continue to live by that old mantra of denial: "It won't happen to me." Well, the truth is, at some point you'll probably have to deal with at least one disaster. That's just how it goes, and in most aspects of our lives we do something about it. We buy insurance. We stow away provisions. We even make disaster plans and run drills. But for some reason, computer disaster recovery is a blind spot for many of us. It shouldn't be. Home computers contain some of our most important information, both business and personal, and making certain our data survives a disaster should be a priority. Moreover, even the smallest disaster can be a serious disruption. Personal computers have become an integral part of the smooth-running household. We use them to communicate, shop, and do homework, and they're even more vital to home office users. When home office computers go down, many small businesses grind to a halt. Fortunately, taking steps to recover from disasters and minimize their effects is quite straightforward. With a good offsite storageplan and the right tools, you can bounce back quickly and easily from minor computer disasters. And, should a major calamity strike, you can rest assured your data is safe.Offsite Storage: Major DisastersC) House fires and floods are among the most devastating causes of personal computer destruction. That's why a solid offsite backup and recovery plan is essential. Although many home users faithfully back up their hard drives, many would still lose all their data should their house flood our burn. That's because they keep their backups in relatively close to their computers. Their backup disks might not be in the same room as their computers—tucked away in a closet or even the garage—but they're not nearly far enough away should a serious disaster strike. So, it's important to back up your system to a removable medium and to store it elsewhere.D) There are many ways to approach offsite storage. It starts with choice of backup tools and storage medium. Disaster situations are stressful, and your recovery tools shouldn't add to that stress. They must be dependable and intuitive, making it easy to schedule regular backups and to retrieve files in a pinch. They must also be compatible with your choice of backup medium. Depending on your tools, you can back up to a variety of durable disk types—from CDs to Jaz drives to remote network servers. Although many of these storage media have high capacity, a backup tool with compression capabilities is a big plus, eliminating the inconvenience of multiple disks or large uploads.E) Once you select your tools and a suitable medium, you need to find a remote place to store your backups. The options are endless. However, no matter where you choose, be sure the site is secure, easily accessible, and a good distance away from your home. You may also want to consider using an Internet-based backup service. More and more service providers are offering storage space on their servers, and uploading files to a remote location has become an attractive alternative to conventional offsite storage. Of course, before using one of these services, make certain you completely trust the service provider and its security methods. Whatever you do, schedule backups regularly and store them far away from your home.Come What May: Handling the Garden Variety Computer CrisisF) Not all home computer damage results from physical disaster. Many less menacing problems can also hobble your PC or destroy your information. Systems crash, kids "rearrange" data, adults inadvertently delete files. Although these events might not seem calamitous, they can have serious implications. So, once again, it's important to be prepared. As with physical disasters, regular backups are essential. However, some of these smaller issues require a response that's more nuanced than wholesale backup and restoration. To deal with less-than-total disaster, your tool set must be both powerfuland agile. For example, when a small number of files are compromised, you may want to retrieve those files alone. Meanwhile, if just your settings are affected, you'll want a simple way to roll back to your preferred setup. Yet, should your operating system fail, you'll need a way to boot your computer and perform large-scale recovery. Computer crises come in all shapes and sizes, and your backup and recovery tools must be flexible enough to meet each challenge.The Right Tools for the Right Job: Gearing up for DisasterG) When disaster strikes, the quality of your backup tools can make the difference between utter frustration and peace of mind. Symantec understands this and offers a range of top quality backup and recovery solutions. Norton GoBack is the perfect tool for random system crashes, failed installations, and inadvertent deletions. With this powerful and convenient solution, it's simple to retrieve overwritten files or to bring your system back to its pre-crash state. Norton Ghost is a time-tested home office solution. Equipped to handle full-scale backups, it's also handy for cloning hard drives and facilitating system upgrades. A favorite choice for IT professionals, it's the ideal tool for the burgeoning home office. You can buy Norton Ghost and Norton GoBack separately, or get them both when you purchase Norton System Works.H) Life's disasters, large and small, often catch us by surprise. However, with a little planning and the right tools, you can reduce those disasters to bumps in the road. So, don't wait another day. Buy a good set of disaster recovery tools, set up an automatic backup schedule, and perform a dry run every now and again. Then, rest easy.对应题目：1. You should take steps to recover from computer disasters so as to minimize their effects.2. For some reason, computer disaster recovery is always ignored by many of us.3. You can bounce back quickly and easily minor computer disasters with the help of a good offsite storage plan and the right tools.4. The most devastating causes of personal computer destruction includes house fires and floods.5. It's necessary for us to back up our systems to some transferable medium and to put it somewhere else.6. You should find a distant place to store your backups after selecting your tools and a suitable medium.7. Not only physical disaster can damage your computer.8. The backup and recovery tools must be flexible enough to deal with various computer crises.9. The quality of your backup tools determines whether you are frustrated or have a peaceful mind when disaster strikes.10. You should prepare for your computer disasters now and again.答案参考：1. A 根据题干中的信息词recover from computer disasters定位到本文的第一段。
2020年12月英语四级长篇阅读段落信息匹配练习题
2020年12月英语四级长篇阅读段落信息匹配练习题Section BDirections：In this section，you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it．Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs．Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived．You may choose a paragraph more than once．Each paragraph is marked with a letter Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2．Driver’s License Test TipsA．This article will provide you with some simple tipsfor passing your driver’s license test．Adequate preparation is absolutely essential，without which any number ofdriver’s license test tips will be redundant．B．Getting a driver’s license is a big step in anyone’s life．It gives an individual the luxury to drive a car anytime he or she pleases，as driving without passing a driver’s license test is against the law．For some people，the stress can be too much to handle and as a result they may mess up on the driver’s license test．There are some simple driver’s license test tips that anyone can follow,to be assured of passing the test and getting their driver’s license．C．The most important of all the tips for passing your driver’s license test is to be prepared．This can only be achieved by you through hours and hours of sincere and diligent practice．If you are not sufficiently prepared foryour driver’s license test，all the driver’s license tips for passing your driver’slicense test will be utterly pointless and redundant．You can read as manydrivers’license test tips as you want，but if you are not practicing enough，then all these driving test tips will be in vain．Enroll ing yourself in driving schools is advisable for this purpose．D．Now，if you’re wondering how to prepare for your driving test，the first thing you need to know is what the driving test instructors and officials are going to be looking for．The following are the qualities that the instructors will be on the lookout for and also the parameters that the scoring will be conducted on．E)Starting the vehicle：The instructor will be observing you right from the time you start the vehicle．He will note if you tum your head to look back and if you follow all the safety regulations that are required to be followed while starting a vehicle．Here are some tips on learning to drive a car．F)Control of the vehicle：He will pay close attention to how much control you actually have over the vehicle．Your abilities with the gas pedal，the brake，the steering wheel and other controls will be scrutinized．G)Steering：Not many road test tips stress on the importance of steering．This quality is closely ana．lyzed by the instructor and obviously if your steering is wayward(任性的)，the chances of passing the driver’s license test are very slim．H)Driving in traffic：Keeping calm and avoiding panic attacks while driving in traffic is of utmost importance．Many people get extremely stressed and nervous，when they are in the midst of traffic and one of the very crucial tips to pass road test for driver’s license is to stay calm and composed when driving in traffic．Also read more on road safety and car safety．I)Traffic signs and lane discipline：This is another area that the instructors will be rating you on．Your ability to observe lane discipline and your recognition of the various traffic signs plays a major role in your passing the test．Keep these driver’s license test tips in mind to pass the test in your veryfirst attempt．J)Stopping：Stopping the car smoothly and at the right place is a critical skill to have．When the in． structor asks you to stop the car，the timing，the positioning and the technique of doing so are important driving test tips to bear in mind．K)Backing up and distance judgment：Your backing upskills and your ability to judge the distancesbetween your vehicle and other entities will also be carefully scrutinized．If you cannot back up your vehicle satisfactorily ,parking would be very troublesome for you and a major source of hazard to you and to others around you．L)Hill parking：One of the essential tips for passing your driver’s license test is to master the art of hill parking．This is not as easy as it seems and can become a major source of anxiety in a driver．If you can display goodskills at hill parking，it proves that you have developed good control over the vehicle．M)Arm signals and driving etiquette：Another aspect that you will be judged on is your efficiency at giving the right arm signals at the right time．Your respect for other drivers on the road and the amount of courtesy you show them also plays a part in your final rating on th e driver’s license test．Read more about defensive driving techniques and tips and defensive driving courses．N)Drivers who are well aware and informed about all the rules and regulations that need to be followed have a beRer chance of clearing their d river’s license test．The primary goal of these driver，slicense test tips is to instill(慢慢灌输)a responsible and mature frame of mind in every individ．ual．These road test tips will be pointless unless you develop a calm demeanor and tmless you are aware of all the rules that must be followed while driving．O)Here are a few more basic drivers’license test tips that you should keep in mind when vou，re leaming how to prepare for your driving test．Always use the restroom before your test begins．Not doing so will cause more anxiety during the test．Memorize all the traffic signs and their significance well in advance before the test．Use your rear view mirrors efficiently and regularly．Ensure that you are well on time for your test and are carrying all the required documents and paperwork．Get adequate sleep the previous night and do not give the test with an empty stomach．Stickto the permitted speed limit．Do not drive too fast and do not drive too slow either．P)Passing a driver’s license test is not simple and unless you are well versed in driver education．You could face a lot of difficulties．At the end of the day,remember that the instructors also want you to pass the test，so do your best to stay calm and composed and believe in yourability to pass the test．This cannot be reinstated enough，but the key to passing your driver’s license test is practice．46．According to this article，the importance of steering is emphasized by not many road test tips．47．Your timing，positioning and technique should be considered by yourself when you stoD your test car．48．Some people may fail their driver’s license tests because they have too much stress．49．Hill parking as one of the essential tips for your license test seems easV．50．The tips in this article primarily aimed atinstilling a responsible and mature frame of mind in you．51．In order to pass your driver’s license test．you should practice．52．Your driver’s license test begins in practice when you start your test car．53．During the preparation process，a few more basic tips should be kept in mind．54．You should sleep adequately the night before your test．55．A lot of difficulties could be faced if you are not well versed in driver education．Section B驾照考试技巧48．Some people may fail their driver’S license tests because they have too much stress．有些人可能没有通过驾照考试，是因为压力太大。
2020年9月大学英语四级考试真题及答案(第3套)
2020年9月大学英语四级考试真题及答案（第3套）听力答案：1.A) Ship traffic in the Atlantic.2.D) They may be affecting the world’s climate.3.C) To call for a permanent security guard.4.A) It had already taken strong action.5.B) The road was blocked.6.D) A track hit a barrier and overturned.7.B) It was a hard task to removing the spilled substance.8.A) She wanted to save for a new phone.9.D) They are less aware of the value of their money.10.B) More non-essential things.11.C) It may lead to excessive spending.12.C) He had a problem with the furniture delivered.13.B) Describe the furniture he received.14.A) Correct their mistake.15. с) She apologized to the man once more.16. B) Tidying up one's home.17. A) Things that make one happy.18. C) It received an incredibly large number of donated books.19. A) Give free meals to the homeless.20. D) Follow his example.21. C) Sending him had-made bags.22. A) To solve word search puzzles.23. B) They could no longer concentrate on their task.24. C) A reduction in the amount of sleep.25. C) Realize the disruptive effects of technology.【写作第3套】Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay on Online libraries. You can start your essay with the sentence "O nline libraries are becoming increasingly popular. "You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.【参考范文】Online Libraries Are Becoming Increasingly Popular With the advancement in science and technology, a growing number of citizens and college students are more likely to make use of the online libraries. As far as I am concerned, the primary causes for this phenomenon can be summarized as follows.First and foremost, the popularity of the Internet and mobile-phones provides us with such convenient tools that online libraries are available for readers in any time and any places. What’s more, libraries are where pupils, university students and citizens spend many hours in doing homework and researching for their book reports and papers. As a result, online libraries offer abundant information and latest reference materials for them to finish their tasks.As a consequence, it can be said that the quality of the libraries is second only in significance to teachers, so it is crucial for everyone to read intensively and comprehensively. Therefore, I am firmly believing that such a trend will yield positive implications to our society.这次考察的话题与我们的学习生活密切相关，因此，大家可以通过范文，有意识的积累关于图书馆与阅读话题的写作素材。
四级阅读段落信息匹配题及答案分析
四级阅读段落信息匹配题及答案分析四级阅读段落信息匹配题及答案分析Section BDirections：In this section，you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it.Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs.Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived.You may choose a paragraph more than once.Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.How to Use a LibraryA)You’re driving your car home from work or sch001.And something goes wron9.The engine stalls out at lights，holds back as you go to pass.It needs a tune up and soon.Where do you go? The library.You can take out an auto repair manual that tells step by step how to tune up your make and model.Or your tennis game has fallen off.You’ve lost your touch at the net.Where do you go? The library for a few books on improving your tennis form.B)“The library!”you say.“That’s where my teacher sends me to dough h omework."Unfortunately, I’ve found that’s exactly the way many people feel.If you’re among them.you’re denying yourself the easiest way to improve yourself, enjoy yourself and even cope with life.My first suggestion for making the most of your library is to do what I did，read and read and read.For pleasure——and for understanding.C)If it’s TV that keeps you from cultivating this delicious habit，I can offer a sure remedy.Take home from the library a stack of books that might look interestin9.Pile them on the TVset.Next time you are tempted to turn on a program you really don’t want to see，reach for a book instead.D)Over the years，people collect a mental list of books they mean to read.If you don’t have such a list，here is the suggestion.Take from the library some of the books you might have enjoyed dramatized on TV, like Remargue’s All Quiet on the Western Front，Clavell’s Shegun，T olkien’s The Hobbit，or Victor Hugo’s Les Mise Rables.If you like what you read、you can follow up with other satisfying books by the same authors.E)Some people in their reading limit themselves to current talked—about best sellers.Oh，what they miss! The library is full of yesterday’s best sellers;and they still make compelling reading today. Some that I've enjoyed：A.B.Guthrie’s The B ig Sky，Carl Van Doren’s Benjamin Franklin，Mari Sandoz’s.Old Jules，and Norman Mailer’s The Naked and the Dead.F) How do you find these or any other books you’re looking for? It’s easy—with the card catalog. Every time I go to the library——and I go more than once a week——I invariably make a beeline to the card catalog before anything else.It’s the nucleus of any public library.The card catalog lists every book in the library by：1.author;2.title;3.subject.Let’s pick an interesting subject to look up.I have always been fascinated by astronomy.You’ll be surprised at the wealth of material you will find under “a strong my” to draw upon.And the absorbing books you didn’t know existed on it.CAUTION：Always have a pencil and paper when you use the card catal09.G) Once you jot down the numbers of the books you are interested in，you are ready to find them on the shelves.Libraries call the shelves “the stacks”.In many smaller libraries，whichyou’ll be using，the stacks will be open for you to browse.To me there is a special thrill in tracking down the books I want in the stacks !For invariably,I find books about which I knew nothin9，and these often turn out to be the very ones l need.You will find the same thing happening to you when you start to browse in the stacks.“A learned mind is the end product of browsing.”CAUTION：If you take a book from the stack s to your work desk，do not try to return it to its proper place.That’s work for the experts.If you replace it incorrectly, the next seeker won’t be able to find it.H)Some of the brightest and rmed men and women in America are the librarians who specialize in providing reference help.Introduce yourself State your problem.And be amazed at how much he p you will receive.CAUTION：Don’t waste the time of this expert by asking silly questions you ought to solve yourself.Save the reference librarian for the really big ones.I) You shot：ld also learn to use the Reader's Guide to Periodical Literature.This green—bound index is me of the most useful items in any library.It indexes all the articles in the major magazines，including newspaper magazine supplements.Thus it provides a guide to the very latest expert information of any subject that interests you.So if you want to do a really first—class job，find out which magazines your library subscribes to，then consult the Reader's Guide and track down recent articles on your subject.When you use this wonderful tool effectively, you show the mark of a real scholar.J) Since you can take most books home，but not magazines，take full notes when using the latter. Many libraries today provide a reprographic machine that can quickly copy pages you needfrom magazines and books.Ask about it：If you are working on a project of some size which will require repeated library visits，keep a small notebook in which you record the identification numbers of the books you will be using frequently.This will save you valuable time，because you won’t have to consult the card catalog or search aimlessly through the stacks each time you visit for material you seek.Sol fie of the very best books in any library are the reference books，which may not be taken home.Learn what topics they cover and how best to use them，for these books are wonderful repositories (储藏室、资料库)of human knowledge.K) Your library can give you help on any subject.It can even be your business and legal advisor.How many times have you scratched your head over how to get a tax rebate(折扣)on your summer job? You，11 find guides to that.Want to defend yourself in traffic coup? Find out how in legal books at the library.L) Library Projects Can Be Fun and Rewardin9.Here are a few ideas：1.What are your roots? Trace your ancestors.Many libraries specialize in genealogy.2.Did George Washington sleep nearby? Or Billy the Kid? Your library’s collection of local history books can put you on the trail.3.Cook a Polynesian feast.Or an ancient Roman banquet.Read how in the library’s cook books.4.Take up photography.Check the library for consumer reviews of cameras before you buy.T ake out books on lightin9，composition，or darkroom techniques or—you name it!M)If you haven，t detected by now my enthusiasm for libraries，let me offer two personal notes.I'm particularly pleasedthat in recent years two beautiful libraries have been named after me：a small community library in Quakertown，Pennsylvania，and the huge research library located at the University of Northern Colorado in Greeley.And I like libraries so much that I married a librarian.46.The nucleus of any public library is the car，d catalog.47.Yesterday’s best sellers are still good for readin9，which shouldn’t be overlooked.48.The author suggests that people should go to the library for answers when things go wrong49.The Reader，s Guide is a green—bound index which provides a guide to very latest expert information of any subject that interests readers.50.The sure remedy to kick the TV habit is to take home from the library interesting books to read.51.There are various kinds of fun and rewarding projects available in different libraries.52.A notebook will help readers to record the identification numbers of the frequently used books which can’t be taken home.53.Readers should not try to return the book taken from the stacks to their desk to its proper place.54.When asking for help，readers are suggested not asking the reference librarians silly questions they ought to solve themselves.55.When asking for help，readers are suggested not asking the reference librarians silly questions they ought to solve themselves.46.The nucleus of any public library is the card catalog.任何公共图书馆的核心都是卡片目录。
大学英语四级阅读题段落匹配练习题
大学英语四级阅读题段落匹配练习题难点：1、顺序原则被打乱2、题目本身涉及长难句3、定位词不明显4、对应数量关系不唯一做题步骤：1、先题后文2、逐段做题3、拒绝投机取巧2014 -646.Authors still published in printed versions will be considered important ones.47.Some people are still in favor of printed books because of the sense of touch they can provide.48.The radio business has changed greatly and now attracts more listeners.49.Contrary to many peoples prediction of its death.the film industry survived.50.Remarkable changes have taken place in the book business.51.Old technology sometimes continues to exist because of its reliability.52.The increase of e-book sales will force the book business to make changes not seen for centuries.53.A new technology is unlikely to take the place of an old one without a clear advantage.54.Paperbacks of popular literature are more likely to be replaced by e-books.55.A house with a fireplace has a stronger appeal to buyers.2013-1246.Caplan suggests that kids who dont love school go to work.47.An increasing number of families spend more money on houses in a good school district..48.Subsidized loans to college students are a huge waste of money. according to one economist.49.More and more kids find they fare worse with a college diploma.50.For those who are not prepared for higher education.going to college is not worth it.51.Over the years the cost of a college education has increased almost by 100%.52.A law passed recently allows many students to pay no more than one tenth of their income for their college loans.53.Middle-class Americans have highly valued a good education.54.More kids should be encouraged to participate in programs where they can learn not only job skills but also social skills.55.Over fifty percent of recent college graduates remain unemployed or unable to find a suitable job.2013-12 The rise of the sharing economyA）Last night 40.000 people rented accommodation from a service that offers 250.000 rooms in 30.000 cities in 192 countries.They chose their rooms and paid foreverything online.But their beds were provided by private individuals.rather than ahotel chain.Hosts and guests were matched up by Airbnb.a firm based in SanFrancisco.Since its launch in 2008 more than 4 million people have used it—2.5million of them in 2012 alone.It is the most prominent example of a huge new“sharing economy” . in which people rent beds. cars. boats and other assets directlyfrom each other.co-ordinated via the internet.B）You might think this is no different from running a bed-and-breakfast（家庭旅店）.owning a timeshare（分时度假房）or participating in a car pool.But technologyhas reduced transaction costs.making sharing assets cheaper and easier than ever—and therefore possible on a much larger scale.The big change is the availability ofmore data about people and things.which allows physical assets to be divided andconsumed as services.Before the internet.renting a surfboard.a power tool or aparking space from someone else was feasible.but was usually more trouble than itwas worth. Now websites such as Airbnb.RelayRides and SnapGoods match upowners and renters；smartphones with GPS let people see where the nearest rentablecar is parked；social networks provide a way to check up on people and build trust；and online payment systems handle the billing.Whats mine is yours.for a feeC）Just as peer-to-peer businesses like eBay allow anyone to become a retailer.sharing sites let individuals act as an ad hoc（临时的）taxi service.car-hire firm or boutiquehotel（精品酒店）as and when it suits them.Just go online or download an app.Themodel works for items that are expensive to buy and are widely owned by peoplewho do not make full use of them. Bedrooms and cars are the most obviousexamples.but you can also rent camping spaces in Sweden.fields in Australia andwashing machines in France. As advocates of the sharing economy like to putit.access trumps（胜过）ownership.D）Rachel Botsman.the author of a book on the subject.says the consumer peer-to-peer rental market alone is worth $ 26 billion.Broader definitions of the sharing economyinclude peer-to- peer lending or putting a solar panel on your roof and selling powerback to the grid（电网）. And it is not just individuals；the web makes it easier forcompanies to rent out spare offices and idle machines.too.But the core of the sharingeconomy is people renting things from each other.E）Such “collaborative（合作的）consumption”is a good thing for several reasons.Owners make money from underused assets.Airbnb says hosts in SanFrancisco who rent out their homes do so for an average of 58 nights a year.making$ 9.300.Car owners who rent their vehicles to others using RelayRides make anaverage of $ 250 a month；some make more than $ 1.000. Renters.meanwhile.payless than they would if they bought the item themselves.or turned to a traditionalprovider such as a hotel or car-hire firm.And there are environmental benefits. too：renting a car when you need it.rather than owning one.means fewer cars are requiredand fewer resources must be devoted to making them.F）For sociable souls. meeting new people by staying in their homes is part of the charm.Curmudgeons（倔脾气的人）who imagine that every renter is a murderer can stillstay at conventional hotels.For others. the web fosters trust.As well as thebackground checks carried out by platform owners.online reviews and ratings areusually posted by both parties to each transaction.which makes it easy to spot baddrivers.bathrobe-thieves and surfboard-wreckers. By using Facebook and othersocial networks. participants can check each other out and identify friends（or friends of friends）in common.An Airbnb user had her apartment trashed in 2011.Butthe remarkable thing is how well the system usually works.Peering into the futureG）The sharing economy is a little like online shopping. which started in America 15 years ago.At first.people were worried about security.But having made a successfulpurchase from.say.Amazon.they felt safe buying ing Airbnbor a car-hire service for the first time encourages people to try otherofferings.Next.consider eBay.Having started out as a peer-to-peer marketplace. it isnow dominated by professional “power sellers”（many of whom started out asordinary eBay users）.The same may happen with the sharing economy.which alsoprovides new opportunities for enterprise. Some people have bought cars solely torent them out.for example.H）Existing rental businesses are getting involved too. Avis.a car-hire firm.has a share ina sharing rival. So do GM and Daimler. two carmakers. In future. companies maydevelop hybrid（混合的）models. listing excess capacity（whether vehicles.equipment or office space）on peer-to-peer rental sites.In the past.new ways of doingthings online have not displaced the old ways entirely.But they have often changedthem.Just as internet shopping forced Wal-mart and Tesco to adapt. so online sharingwill shake up transport. tourism. equipment-hire and more.I）The main worry is regulatory uncertainty. Will room-renters be subject to hotel taxes.for example? In Amsterdam officials are using Airbnb listings to track downunlicensed hotels.In some American cities.peer-to-peer taxi services have beenbanned after lobbying by traditional taxi firms.The danger is that although somerules need to be updated to protect consumers from harm.existing rental businesseswill try to destroy competition. People who rent out rooms should pay tax.ofcourse.but they should not be regulated like a Ritz-Carlton hotel. The lighter rulesthat typically govern bed-and-breakfasts are more than adequate.J）The sharing economy is the latest example of the internets value to consumers.Thisemerging model is now big and disruptive（颠覆性的）enough for regulators andcompanies to have woken up to it.That is a sign of its immense potential.It is time tostart caring about sharing.46.Sharing items such as cars does good to the environment.47.Airbnbs success clearly illustrates the emergence of a huge sharing economy.48.The major concern about the sharing economy is how the government regulates it.49.The most frequently shared items are those expensive to buy but not fully used.50.The sharing economy has a promising future.51. Online sharing will change the way business is done in transportation. travel. rentals.etc.52.Airbnb is a website that enables owners and renters to complete transactions online.53.The sharing economy is likely to go the way of online shopping.54.One advantage of sharing is that owners earn money from renting out items not made full use of.55.Sharing appeals to the sociable in that they can meet new people.精讲精练2012-06Passage OneQuestions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.In times of economic crisis. Americans turn to their families for support. If the Great Depression is any guide.we may see a drop in our skyhigh divorce rate.But this won't necessarily represent an increase in happy marriages. In the long run.the Depression weakened American families.and the current crisis will probably do the same.We tend to think of the Depression as a time when families pulled together to survive huge job losses.By 1932.when nearly one-quarter of the workforce was unemployed.the divorce rate had declined by around 25% from 1929.But this doesn't mean people were suddenly happier with their marriages.Rather.with incomes decreasing and insecure jobs.unhappy couples often couldn ' t afford to divorce.They feared neither spouse could manage alone.Today.given the job losses of the past year.fewer unhappy couples will risk starting separate households.Furthermore.the housing market meltdown will make it more difficult for them to finance their separations by selling their homes.After financial disasters family members also tend to do whatever they can to help each other and their communities.A 1940 book. The Unemployed Man and His Family. described a family in which the husband initially reacted to losing his job “with tireless search for work.”He was always active.looking for odd jobs to do.The problem is that such an impulse is hard to sustain Across the country.many similar families were unable to maintain the initial boost in morale（士气）.For some.the hardships of life without steady work eventually overwhelmed their attempts to keep their families together. The divorce rate rose again during the rest of the decade as the recovery took hold.Millions of American families may now be in the initial stage of their responses to the current crisis.working together and supporting one another through the early months of unemployment.Today's economic crisis could well generate a similar number of couples whose relationships have been irreparably（无法弥补地）ruined.So it's only when the economy is healthy again that we'll begin to see just how many broken families have been created.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡 2 上作答。
(完整word版)大学英语四级段落信息匹配题技巧
英语四、六级段落信息匹配题一、英语四级段落信息匹配题是什么？长篇阅读理解篇章后附有10个句子，每句一题。
每句所含的信息出自篇章的某一段落，要求考生找出与每句所含信息相匹配的段落。
有的段落可能对应两题，有的段落可能不对应任何一题。
四级考试需要各位同学做的是，大家需要去看十个左右的段落，然后去匹配十个信息点。
但是到六级当中，我们的难度就要增加了，我们见到的情况是六级当中变成了15个段落，去匹配十个信息点。
但总体来看，不管题型怎么变，其实学习方法没变，还是仍旧需要大家提高阅读的能力，比如说读文章的时候，是不是直接拿英语读，如果读快速阅读的时候，还是拿中文边翻译边读的话，会发现阅读速度一直会比较慢，所以那么长的文章很难找到细节，所以大家一定要养成拿英语直接阅读的这样一种习惯，这样才能保证我们的阅读速度又快又准。
二、信息匹配题难点分析1. 考生难以按照阅读题一贯遵循的“顺序原则”解题。
由于这一题型要求考生把细节信息与其所在的段落进行匹配，因此细节信息的排列绝对是“乱序的”，这就意味着考生从文章开头到结尾按顺序定位的方法是行不通的。
2. 题干信息复杂，考生难以迅速抓住要领。
题干中的细节信息通常是极复杂和繁琐的名词短语或长难句，考生往往在寻找到合适的定位词之前，就已经被题干信息的复杂表述弄得晕头转向了。
3. 考生难以寻找到合适的定位词。
即使考生能够读懂题干中晦涩难懂的细节信息，但也会在寻找定位词时遇到很大障碍。
因为题干提供的细节信息中往往不会出现非常明显的定位词(如数字、时间、地点、人物、特殊字体和特殊符号等)。
即使考生能够找到一个定位词，这一定位词也通常和文章主题密切相关，会在文章中多次出现，因而也没有太大的意义。
三、匹配题出题特点及应试技巧匹配类题型有很多种，常见的种类有：1）人名-观点匹配；2）.地名-描述匹配；3）句子-句子匹配；4）分类题(Classification)；5）段落-标题匹配；6段落-细节匹配。
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2020年四级阅读段落信息匹配训练(3)Deborah Kenny's "Born to Rise" Tells Story of Harlem Village AcademiesA) Deborah Kenny, CEO of the Harlem Village Academies, is frustrated with the nation's current education system. Unlike most, though, she decided to do something about it. Part declaration part record, her book Born to Rise writes down her journey toward creating and running her own system of progressive charter schools in Harlem in New York City.What is your educational philosophy?B) We want our students to receive the same high-quality education as students who are privileged to attend the best private schools in the country. Personally, I believe a progressive education is superior as long as it's delivered by really smart, talented teachers who know how to execute well. It's a sophisticated approach that really only works well in the hands of a really sophisticated educator. We're dealing with a little bit of a challenge because students enter this school from the regular public system. And when they enter in fifth grade, they're not yet well-trained in the basics reading, writing, and math--which means that we have to catch them up on basic math skills, on the 'basics of writing. And many of them come in at a kindergarten, first, second-grade level in reading. So we have to accelerate their mastery of the basics, but we reject the idea that if you do that you can't teach that at a high level. We push ourselves constantly to think about how we can make sure that our students will catch up while we teach at the highest possiblelevel. It means asking difficult, delicate questions, not accepting an answer that is not backed up by evidence, the kinds of things that you would expect to see in the best private schools. We aim for a high level in rich discussions where the students are asked to analyze a challenging text and where the teacher does not accept just any answer simply because the student is behaving. What makes the HarlemVillage Academies different?C) First of all, I have to say what we have in common with other charter schools because we have learned so much from them： creating an expectation that all students will attend college, naming classrooms after colleges, the longer school day, the longer school year. I feel it's important to give credit where credit is due because I learned from them. In those early years when I opened the school, most of these other schools bad been around for seven years, ten years, some of them even longer.D ) As far as what makes us different, I'll tell you what the teachers say： teachers tell us that the level of professionalism and passion for teaching at a high level and teaching above the test, not to the test, and working in an environment, where everybody is trusted to do their job and continually learning--there's this incredible culture of learning. There's this incredible workplace culture where the adults are continually becoming better and learning more about how to become a better lead her. The teachers get to make all of the decisions 'about their own professional development rather than being enforced to at tend the training. They are treated like professional-grade' doctors and lawyers at the. Highest level. They actually make thedecisions not only about what books to use and what teaehing methed, but even about what their own professional development Ioukslike.There's a very clear set of standards far what the students need to know and be "able to do at the end of each year and quarter, and we hold people accountable for that end goal. But we give them complete freedom to decide how they're going to achieve it, which is how all professionals are treated. Unfortunately, it's not how most teachers are treated inthis country. Most teachers are treated like factory workers, where there's a hig set ofrules on how they have to do everything.What does the curriculum look like at Harlem Village Academy schools?E) It looks like a classic liberal-arts curriculum, where math, reading, and writing are not the only subjects taught. Even if the state focuses its testing on those things, we do not let the state dictate our curriculum. We are interestedin a rich curriculum that includes art and music and seience and social studies and a wide variety of electives, and character education is integrated throughout.How do you address the criticisms people have regarding charter schools?F) I'd say that the .main criticisms are stemming from the fact that in a charter system the teachers are not unionized, and they're treated as professionals instead of as manual laborers. The charter movement is challenging the current situation, it's eoming along and saying we used to completely change the underlying premiere ( 前提) of how we go about public education. Parents should be able to choose。