非谓语动词2
非谓语动词(2)
动名词1. 构成与特征动名词也是动词的一种非限定形式,由动词原形加“ -ing ”构成,与现在分词同形。
动名词兼有动词和名词的特征和作用,其动词特征表现为可以带宾语、状语或表语。
The manager impressed on his office staff the importance of keeping accurate records.Working in these conditions is not a pleasure but a suffering.Censure is the tax a man pays to the public for being eminent.此外,动名词的动词特征还表现在它的语态和时态变化。
There is more pleasure in loving than I being loved.I know nothing about his having served in the army.动名词的名词特征主要表现在它在句子中可以充当主语或宾语,还可以受形容词、代词和名词的修饰,前面也可以加冠词。
There is no justification for the running away in such haste.2. 功能与在句子中的使用2.1 作主语2.1.1 动名词作主语往往表示一种概念、习惯或经验Talking mends no holes.Promising is the eve of giving.Talking to him is talking to a wall.2.1.2 有时用 it 作形式主语,将动名词结构后置It ’ s no use complaining.It ’ s nice seein g you again.It is fun playing with children.It ’ s a wonder meeting you here.It ’ s no good striving against the stream.2.1.3 用作 there be句型中表示“没法……”There was no telling when this might happen again.There is no hiding of evil but not to do it.2.2 动名词作表语*Seeing is believing.Life is painting a picture, not doing a sum.*比较:To see is to believe.2.3动名词作宾语2.3.1 习惯接动名词作宾语的动词表示“避免、回避、逃避、免得”的动词:avoid, escape, evade, miss, save, shirk, shun 等Jack escaped being punished.Don't evade doing you duty.We all missed see the new film.It will save going to town.The man shunned speaking in public.表示“建议、提议、提倡”等的动词:advise, advocate, recommend, suggest, 等 The committee recommended raising the age to twenty-one.Who suggested doing it this way?表示“禁止、阻止”的动词:bar, discourage, forbid, prevent, prohibit,等We discourage smoking in our school.The regulations forbid walking on grass.That didn't prevent our getting on very well together.表示“停止、中止、放弃”的动词:discontinue, give up, leave off, quit, stop等表示“推迟”的动词 : defer, delay, hold off, put off, postpone等I am sorry to have delayed answering your letter.You shouldn't put off seeing a doctor.表示” 承认、否认” 的动词:admit, acknowledge, confess, deny等She admitted having read the letter.Green denied doing anything illegal.He confessed taking part in a plot to free the prisoner.They acknowledged having been defeated.表示“回忆、回想、报道、提及“的动词:recall, recollect, mention, report等 He recollected meeting the king.Mary mentioned hearing from her parents.They reported having seen a puma.表示“喜爱、爱好、乐于、不愿、不喜欢、痛恨“的动词:appreciate, detest, dislike, enjoy, grudge, relish, resent,等We ’ ll appreciate hearing from you soon.I grudge paying $20 for a bottle of wine.Hilary won’ t relish having to wash all these dishes.其它动词:anticipate, consider, contempla te, doubt, excuse, finish, fancy, can’ t help, can ’ t resist, imagine, involve, keep, mind, practice, resume, risk等等2.3.2 既可接不定式又可接动名词的动词2.3.2.1 二者的意义有本质区别,这样的动词有 forget, remember, regret, mean, stop, try 等Don't forget to bring your notebook next time.I will never forget doing the work.Please remember to post my letter.I remember seeing him somewhere.I regret to tell you that he has failed.I regret making such a foolish mistake.I don't mean to say that he is very poor.Missing the train means waiting an hour.2.3.2.2 二者意思无本质区别 :这类动词有 adore, like, love, grudge, hate, loathe, dread, deserve, begin, commence, start, cease, continue, bear, endure, intend, prefer, neglect, omit, scorn, need, require, want, 等其中表示喜恶的几个动词,如 like, love, hate 等,接动名词时常表示习惯性、经常性的行为或动作,接不定式时常表示具体的、一时性的行为。
专题十一非谓语动词2
4. 动名词作宾语
1）动名词作动词宾语 ①下列动词后只能接动名词：suggest, finish, avoid, stop, can’t help, mind, enjoy, require, practise, miss, escape, pardon, advise, consider, imagine, keep, appreciate, escape, permit。 • I can’t imagine marrying a girl of that sort. • I recommend buying the dictionary. • Will you admit having broken the window?
A. help B. helped
C. to help D. having helped
2 (09全国Ⅰ)The children all turned _______ the famous B actress as she entered the classroom. A. looked at B. to look at C. to looking at D. look at 3 (09山东，22) We are invited to a party ______ in our club next Friday. A A. to be held B. held C. being held D. holding
• B. 常跟疑问词+不定式作宾语的动词: • tell, advise, show, teach, find out, decide, discuss, learn, explain… • tell sb what to do…
3. 作表语
• • • • • • A.表示按计划和安排将要发生的事情。 He is to marry Rose. B.表示主语的内容，但侧重于目的性。 Her wish was to become an artist. C. 表示情态意义(应该, 必须)。 The form is to be filled in and returned within a week. • She is to blame.
高考英语一轮复习语法讲解非谓语动词(二)
三、过去分词的用法
• 1.过去分词作定语: • Our class went on an organized trip last Monday. • 上周一我们班开展了一次有组织的旅行。Those
selected as committee members will attend the meeting. • 当选为委员的人将出席这次会。 • 2.过去分词作表语: • The window is broken. 窗户破了。 • They were frightened at the sad sight. • 他们对眼前悲惨的景象感到很害怕。
谈话的那个人是我们班长的父亲。
• 5.作同位语: • His habit,listening to the news on the radio remains unchanged.他
收听收音机新闻节目的习惯仍未改变。
• 6.作宾语补足语:如下动词后可跟现在分词 作宾语补足语:
• see,watch,hear,feel,find,get,keep,notice,obse rve,listen to,look at,leave,catch等。
• ⑤作结果状语: • He dropped the glass,breaking it into pieces.
他把杯子掉了，结果摔得粉碎。 • ⑥作目的状语: • He went swimming the other day. 几天前他
去游泳了。 • ⑦作让步状语: • Though raining heavily,it cleared up very
• The present situation is inspiring. • 当前的形势鼓舞人心。
• 3.作宾语:
非谓语动词2
complete stop.
seat为及物动词，be seated表示坐着的状
态。句意为：女士们，先生们，请坐好直到飞机 完全停下。句中remain为系动词，后接seated作 表语。
7.When we visited my old family home,memory came A.flooding A back.
A.Being encouraged
C.Encouraged 解析
B.Encouraging
D.Having encouraged
encourage与主句主语many farmers之间为
逻辑上的动宾关系，因此应用被动形式，故排除B、
D两项；A项表示该动作正在进行；Encouraged by the advances in technology为过去分词短语作 原因状语。
A.indicate
C.to indicate 解析
B.indicating
D.to be indicating
此处为现在分词短语在句中作后置定语，
修饰evidence,二者之间为主谓关系。
15. B
not to miss the flight at 15∶20,the
manager set out for the airport in a hurry. A.Reminding C.To remind 解析 B.Reminded D.Having reminded
A.to be seen C.seen 解析
结果状语。句意为：恐龙已经从地球上完全绝
迹，永远也见不到了。
4.— May I have some more coffee,please? —I’m sorry, but there doesn’t seem to be B . A.left any C.leaving any 解析 B.any left D.any leaving
自考英语20190118 语法 非谓语动词2 注释
20190118 语法非谓语动词2（两天习题+一天总结）一篇一篇文章理解，一句一句看懂，一个一个短语积累，一道一道题提高。
利用好配套Excel文档选自广东卷、全国卷、湖北卷、北京卷•不懂的题，多把句子读几遍，背诵。
语言无非是熟能生巧的过程。
•专注于具体的题。
勿迷失在语法概念上。
与考试不相关的语法概念不必细究。
•语法要重视知识点的积累，多在习题中体会。
非谓语动词指不能单独做谓语，但同时仍保留动词某些特征的动词形式。
它们没有人称和数的变化，但仍可以有自己的宾语、状语等，也有时态和语态的变化。
1. 动词不定式to do2. 动词ing形式doing动名词doing1. 常见句型：It is no use/ no good/ no point/ no sense/ a waste of time + (in) doing sth. There is no point/ no sense/ no good + (in) doing sth. have a hard time doing sth. in可以省略The people who objected to the new airport were told that since the work had already started, there was no point in ____.A. completingB. competingC. protectingD. protesting反对新机场建设的人们被告知；既然建设已经开始，抗议就毫无意义了。
There is no point ____ to persuade him to take the risk of starting his own business. A. to try B. in trying C. of trying D. for trying尝试说服他冒险自己创业是毫无意义的。
非谓语动词 (2) ppt课件
It took me only a month to complete the project. It is very difficult for me to finish the report overnight. It's our duty to keep our classroom clean and tidy.
大学英语
College English
英语语法
从句
√ 非谓语动词
虚拟语气 主谓一致 时态与语态 强调和倒装
非谓语动词
非 不定式（to do）
谓
过去分词（-ed）
语 分词
动 词
现在分词（-ing）
动名词（-ing）
不定式的语法功能
动词不定式的构成： （to）+ do 具有名词、形容词、副词的特征； 否定式： not + （to） do
注意事项 3
动词+宾语+不定式 不定式可以做宾语补足语
The officer ordered his soldiers to fire. Father will not allow us to play on the street. I have no choice but to believe what you're saying. I have no choice but to do as he tells me.
注意事项 2
动词+疑问词+不定式 有些动词可以要求其后的不定式 前面加一个连接副（代）词，一起 充当宾语。what，when，where， which，how，whether等。
Could you tell me whether to go for a picnic? My mother showed me how to prepare meals. He gave us some advice on how to learn computer.
非谓语动词2v-ed形式的用法
过去分词可以在句中作定语；状语；
表语和宾语补足语
1. developed areas// A man is being questioned in relation to the attempted murder last night.// Of the 2,000 stock investors surveyed last month, 90% was found lacking financial knowledge.
Find out the sentences with same meaning
As I was worried about the journey, I was unsettled for the first few days.
Worried about the journey,, I was unsettled for the
2. Faced with such a difficult situation, Armstrong decided to go to his professor for help.//
Shocked and sad, Alice stood there and couldn’t help bursting into tears.
10. Most of the guests __in_v_it_ed____(invite) to the party were her classmates.
11.Did you hear the noise __be_in_g_m__ad_e (make )by the r_u_n_ni_n_g ___ (run) train?
非谓语动词的用法2
3．不定式和动名词作宾语的区别英语中大多数动词既可跟不定式，也可跟动名词作直接宾语，但有些动词要求：(1)不定式做宾语和宾语补足语1)下面的动词要求不定式做宾语attempt企图 enable能够 neglect忽视afford负担得起 demand要求 long渴望arrange安排 destine注定 mean意欲，打算begin开始 expect期望 omit忽略，漏appear似乎，显得 determine决定 manage设法cease停止 hate憎恨，厌恶 pretend假装ask问 dread害怕 need需要agree同意 desire愿望 love爱swear宣誓 volunteer志愿 wish希望bear承受 endeavor努力 offer提供beg请求 fail不能 plan计划bother扰乱；烦恼 forget忘记 prefer喜欢，宁愿care关心，喜欢 happen碰巧 prepare准备decide决定 learn学习 regret抱歉，遗憾choose选择 hesitate犹豫 profess表明claim要求 hope希望 promise承诺，允许start开始 undertake承接 want想要consent同意，赞同 intend想要 refuse拒绝decide决定 learn学习 vow起contrive设法，图谋 incline有…倾向 propose提议seek找，寻觅 try试图2)下面的动词要求不定式做宾补：动词+宾语+动词不定式ask要求，邀请 get请，得到 prompt促使allow允许 forbid禁止 prefer喜欢，宁愿announce宣布 force强迫 press迫使bride 收买 inspire鼓舞 request请求assist协助 hate憎恶 pronounce断定，表示advise劝告 exhort告诫，勉励 pray请求authorize授权，委托 help帮助 recommend劝告，推荐bear容忍 implore恳求 remind提醒beg请求 induce引诱 report报告compel强迫 invite吸引，邀请， summon传唤command命令 intend想要，企图 show 显示drive驱赶 mean意欲，打算 train训练cause引起 instruct指示 require要求deserve应受 leave使，让 tell告诉direct指导 like喜欢 tempt劝诱entitle有资格 order命令 warn告诫enable使能够 need需要 urge激励，力说encourage鼓励 oblige不得不 want想要condemn指责，谴责 lead引起，使得 teach教entreat恳求 permit允许 wish希望(2)有少数动词只能用动名词作宾语acknowledge承认，自认 cease 停止 mention说到，讲到admit 承认 tolerate忍受 dislike不喜欢，讨厌advocate：提倡，主张 complete完成 dread可怕appreciate 感激，欣赏 confess坦白 endure忍受avoid避免 contemplate细想 enjoy享有，喜爱bear忍受 defer拖延 envy嫉妒can’t help不禁 delay延迟 escape逃跑，逃避can’t stand受不了 deny否认 excuse借口consider 考虑 detest嫌恶 fancy幻想，爱好favor 造成，偏爱 mind 介意 repent悔悟figure描绘，计算 miss错过 resent怨恨finish完成，结束不得 pardon原谅，饶恕 resist抵抗，阻止forgive原谅 permit 允许 resume恢复imagine设想 postpone延迟，延期 risk冒险involve卷入，包含 practise 实行，实践 suggest建议hate讨厌 prevent阻止 save营救，储蓄keep保持 quit放弃停止 stand坚持，忍受loathe非常讨厌，厌恶 recall回想例如：I appreciate having been given the opportunity to study abroad two years ago.我很感激两年前给我出国学习的机会。
高中英语语法非谓语动词综合练习2含答案
非谓语动词（2）1. She didn’t remember _____him before.A. having metB. have metC. to meetD. to having met2. _____ the radio—the baby’s asleep in the next room.A. TurningB. To turnC. TurnedD. Turn3. _____ is believing.A. To seeB. SeeingC. SeeD. To be seen4. I’m hungry. Get me something _____.A. eatB. to eatC. eatingD. for eating5. _____, I went to the railway station to see my friend off.A. After eating quickly my dinnerB. After my quickly eating dinnerC. After eating my dinner quicklyD. After eating my quickly dinner6. I can’t imagine _____ that with them.A. doB. to doC. being doneD. doing7. We’re looking forward _____ the photo exhibition.A. to visitingB. to visitC. to having visitedD. visiting8. When I handed the report to John, he said that George was the person _____.A. to sendB. for sending itC. to send it toD. for sending it to9. I heard the terrible sound of _____ last night.A. the door’s shuttingB. the door being shuttingC. the door’s being shutD. the door being shut10. It was so cold that they kept the fire _____ all right.A. to burnB. burnC. burningD. burned11. The poor boy couldn’t _____ eating the things left on the table.A. insistB. resistC. pretendD. think12. Does _____ mean nothing to him?A. our saying thatB. for us to say thatC. we way thatD. of us to say that13. I regret _____ that wonderful exhibition last week.A. not to seeB. having not seenC. to not seeD. not having seen14. _____ will soon be completed.A. The building of the houseB. The building houseC. A building houseD. Building a house15. He received a letter the day before yesterday _____ him to go back to his home as soon as possible.A. askingB. to askC. askedD. having asked16. _____ from his appearance, he is very strong.A. JudgingB. Being judgedC. To judgeD. Judge17. _____ that he ill, his work should be done by others.A. ConsideredB. To considerC. ConsideringD. Consider18. I looked forward _____ what was happening in the crowd.A. to seeingB. sawC. to seeD. meeting19. The sports meetingseems like a ______.A. long time to waitB. long time for waitingC. time of long waitD. long waiting time20. He was disappointed to find his suggestion _____.A. been turned downB. turned sownC. to be turned downD. to turn down21. ----Mum, I think I’m _____ to get back to school.---- Not really, my dear. You’d better stay at home for another day or two.A. so wellB. so goodC. well enoughD. good enough22. Returning home _____.A. my watch was missingB. my watch was goneC. my watch was lostD. I found my watch missing23. _____ at a decision, they immediately set to work.A. ArrivingB. ArrivedC. Having arrivedD. Having been arrived24. Did you smell something _____.A. burnB. burningC. to be burntD. being burnt25. What made him _____?A. frightenB. frightenedC. frighteningD. to frighten26. The building _____ will be a hospital.A. buildB. to be builtC. being builtD. being building27. While _____ to foreigners, you must try your best to make yourself _____.A. spoken; understoodB. spoken; understandC. speaking; understoodD. speaking; understand28. He had his leg _____ in the match yesterday.A. to breakB. breakC. brokenD. breaking29. _____ from space, our earth, with water covering 70% of its surface, appears as a “blue planet”.A. SeenB. SeeingC. Having seenD. To see30. The story _____by the famous writer is _____ at the factory now.A. wrote, printedB. written, being printedC. write, being printedD. written, printed31. _____ their work, they had a rest.A. Having finishedB. FinishedC. Having been finishedD. Finishing32. _____ to a high temperature, water will change into vapour.A. Heated B Heating C. Being heated D. Having heated33. Once _____, it can never _____.A. see; forgottenB. see; forgetC. seen; be forgottenD. seeing; be forgotten34. _____ for months, the room is very dirty.A. We don’t clean itB. Having not cleanedC. Not having been cleanedD. Having not been cleaned35. The boy lay on bed, with his eyes _____.A. half closeB. half closedC. half closingD. to half close36. The _____ girl sat in the corner, ______.A. frighten; cryingB. frightened; cryingC. frightened; criedD. frightening; crying37. The lecture was so _____ that we were all _____.A. inspiring, excitingB. inspired, excitingC. inspiring, excitedD. inspired, excited38. The boy fell down to the ground, his eyes _____ and his hands _____.A. close, trembleB. closed, trembledC. closing, treblingD. closed, trembling39. With the work _____, Mr. Lin went out for a swim.A. havingB. doneC. doingD. being done40. _____ from his accent, he must be from Shanghai.A. JudgeB. JudgingC. JudgedD. Being judged41. What’s the language ______ in Germany?A. speakingB. spokenC. be spokenD. to speak42. I’m going to have my radio ______.A. to fixB. fixedC. fixD. fixing43. _____ in a poor peasant family, the boy was unable to go to school.A. Being bornB. BornC. Having been bornD. Being proved44. He had never spent a _____ day.A. more worryB. most worryingC. more worryingD. most worried45. _____ louder and make yourself _____.A. Speaking; hearingB. Speaking; heardC. To speak; hearD. Speak; heard46. Don’t you like to have your room _____ clean and tidy?A. to lookB. lookedC. lookingD. look47. We should consider it _____ a duty to serve the Chinese people heart and soulA. to beB. beC. asD. Either A or C48. ---- Have you finished the maths problem?----Not yet, because I find it difficult ______.A. in working outB. working outC. to work it outD. to work out49. ---- Why not go swimming as it is such a fine day?---- I want to, but I’m _____busy to go.A. enoughB. tooC. veryD. so50. Though I can’t make the model ship ____ faster, the model plane can be made ____ higher by any of the boys here.A. sail; to flyB. to sail; flyC. to sail; to flyD. sail; fly答案：ADBBC DACDC BADAA ACCBB CDCBB CCCAB AACCB BCDBB BBBCD DDDBA。
英语中考英语非谓语动词 (2)
外研版英语中考英语非谓语动词一、动词被动语态1．You throw it away. It can .A. needn't; recycleB. needn't; be recycledC. don't need; be recycled【答案】 B【解析】【分析】句意：你没有必要把它扔掉。
它可以被回收利用。
need的否定形式是needn't，不必，后跟动词原形；recycle，回收利用，和主语it之间是被动关系，因此用被动语态，can 是情态动词，含有情态动词的被动语态：情态动词+be+done，故选B。
【点评】此题考查情态动词need和含有情态动词的被动结构。
2．Around the world, 300 million tons of plastic _________each year, of which about 10 percent ends up in the sea.A. is createdB. was createdC. creates【答案】 A【解析】【分析】句意：在全世界，每年30亿吨的塑料被创造，其中大约10%在大海里告终。
each year和一般现在时连用，因此排除B；plastic和create之间是被动关系，be done，主语是 300 million tons of plastic，谓语动词要用单数，因此是is created，故选A。
【点评】考查动词的时态和语态，注意在语境中熟练运用动词的时态和语态。
3．It's not your turn yet.Please wait on the chair over there until you _______.A. are callingB. have calledC. are called【答案】 C【解析】【分析】句意：现在还没有轮到你．请等在那边的椅子上，直到有人叫你。
高考英语一轮复习 语法专题 非谓语动词(2)(测)(含解析)新人教版选修6-新人教版高三选修6英语试
非谓语动词检测卷〔2〕〔时间50分钟；总分为100分〕班级_________________姓名_____________考号_________________得分_______________________I 语言知识与应用 (共两节，总分为45分)第一节完形填空 (共20小题；每一小题2分，总分为30分) After 21 years of marriage, my wife wanted me to take another woman out to dinner and a movie. That Friday after work, I drove over to pick her up.We went to a restaurant that, although not 1 , was very nice and cozy. My mother took my arm2 she were the First Lady. During the dinner, we had an agreeable conversation – nothing3 but catching up on recent4 of each other’s life. We talked so much that we missed the5 . As we arrived at her house later, she said, “I’ll go out with you again, but onlyif you let me 6 you.〞 I agreed.“How was your 7 ?〞 asked m y wife when I got home. “Very nice. Far 8 my wildest imagination〞 I answered.A few days later, my mother died of a heart attack. It happened so 9 that I didn’t havea chance to do anything for her. Some time 10 , I received an envelope with a copy of a restaurant11 from the same place where mother and I had dined. An 12 note said: “I paid this bill13 . I wasn’t sure that I 14be there; but I still paid for two plates – one for you and the other for your 15 .You will never know what that night 16 for me. I love you, son.〞At that moment, I 17 the importance of saying in time: “I LOVE YOU〞 and to give time to our family.18 in life is more important than your family. Give them the time they 19 , because these things cannot be 20 till “some other time.〞语篇解读：本文通过讲述作者和母亲去吃饭的一次经历，和母亲的突然离世来告诉人们要多花些时间和亲人在一起，这比什么都重要。
非谓语动词(2)
高中英语非谓语动词轻松记学习非谓语动词时，动词后接不定式、-ing还是过去分词作宾语或宾补的情况比较复杂，通过下列新颖独特的方法归纳，可以把枯燥乏味的语法知识变得妙趣横生，让同学们在笑声中，思考中轻松愉快地掌握它们，并且印象深，记得牢。
一、将动词的第一个字母提出来组成一个生词。
1、只接不定式作宾语的动词有：“ Merdowphal”（音译：“磨豆腐喽！”），其中：m- manage; e-expect; r- refuse; d- dare, decide; demand, determine; o-offer, order ;w- want, wish; p-promise, pretend, plan; h-hope; a-agree, arrange; l-long, learn.2、只接动名词作宾语的有：“Mepsckgarfid”（音译：“妹不吃咖啡的”），其中：m-mind, miss, mention; e-escape, enjoy, excuse; p- practise, prevent, put off; s- save, suggest; c- can’t stand; k-keep (on); g- give up; a- admit, advise, avoid, appreciate; r- recall, risk, resist; f-finish, forgive, fancy, feel like; i-imagine, include, insist on ; d- delay, deny, dislike.二、根据词义将动词编成一句话。
1、既可接不定式又可接动名词作宾语但含义不同的动词有：“尽力记住却忘了真是遗憾，情不自禁停下来打算再继续(try, remember, forget, regret, can’t help, stop, mean, go on)。
高三英语语法专题 非谓语动词2
高三英语周周练语法专题非谓语动词21. (2017·江苏, 21) Many Chinese brands, ________ their reputations over centuries, are facing new challenges from the modern market.A.having developedB.being developedC.developedD.developing2. (2017·北京, 27) Many airlines now allow passengers to print their boarding passes online ________ their valuable time.A.saveB.savingC.to saveD.saved3. (2017·盐城三模) Problem-focused strategies are those ________ at doing something to change the problem causing the stress.A. aimedB. to aimC. being aimedD. having aimed4. (2017·徐连宿, 三检) The draft regulation on the online protection of minors, ________ for public opinions by the cyberspace authorities, has drawn wide public concern.A. releasingB. having releasedC. to releaseD. released5. (2017·天津, 10) I was watching the clock all through the meeting, as I had a train ________.A.catchingB.caughtC.to catchD.to be caught6. (2017·天津, 14) The hospital has recently obtained new medical equipment, ___ more patients to be treated.A.being allowedB.allowingC.having allowedD.allowed7.(2016·江苏, 28) In art criticism, you must assume the artist has a secret message ________ within the work.A.to hideB.hiddenC.hidingD.being hidden8. (2016·北京, 26)________ it easier to get in touch with us, you'd better keep this card at hand.A.MadeB.MakeC.MakingD.To make9.(2016·北京, 28)________ over a week ago, the books are expected to arrive any time now.A.OrderingB.To orderC.Having orderedD.Ordered10.(2016·天津,4) The cooling wind swept through our bedroom windows, _____ air conditioning unnecessary.A.makingB.to makeC.madeD.being made11.(2016·浙江, 10) To return to the problem of water pollution, I'd like you to look at a study ________ in Australia in 2012.A.having conductedB.to be conductedC.conductingD.conducted12.(2016·浙江, 19) I had as much fun sailing the seas as I now do_______with students.A.workingB.workC.to workD.worked13.(2015·江苏, 24) Much time ________ sitting at a desk, office workers are generally troubled by health problems.A.being spentB.having spentC.spentD.spending14.(2015·天津, 8) ________ for two days, Steve managed to finish his report on schedule.A.To workB.WorkedC.To be workingD.Having worked15. (2015·湖南, 30) When the clerk saw a kind face wrinkled in an apologetic smile, she stood rooted to the ground, ________ whether to stay or leave.A.wonderingB.wonderC.to wonderD.wondered16. (2015·湖南, 34) Sometimes I act as a listening ear for fellow students________ what is bothering them.A.to talk overB.talked overC.talk overD.having talked over17. (2015·重庆, 11) Like ancient sailors, birds can find their way ________ the sun and the stars.edB.having usedinge18. (2015·浙江, 18) Listening to music at home is one thing, going to hear it ________ live is quite another.A.performB.performingC.to performD.being performed19.(2015·陕西, 18) Back from his two-year medical service in Africa, Dr Lee was very happy to see his mother________ good care of at home.A.takingB.takenC.takeD.be taken20. (2015·安徽, 27) ________the difference between the two research findings will be one of the worst mistakes you make.A.IgnoreB.IgnoringC.IgnoredD.Having ignored21. (2017·南通一模, 28) Many natural disasters took place across the country, ________ severe losses on people's life and property.A.to have broughtB.only bringingC.only to bringD.having brought22. (2018·泰州中学高三上学期开学考试) There are some factors dominating your success.______a good chance sometimes,in my opinion, outweighs one's ability.A. CatchingB. Having seizedC. SeizingD. To catch23. (2017·南京盐城,一模) Big fast food chains in New York City have started to obey a rule first of its kind, ______them to post calorie counts right on the menu.A. to requireB. requiringC. requiredD. having required24. (2017·苏州,一模) —Can you tell me what it means by “You can check out any time you like but you can never leave”from the song Hotel California?—It implies that drug users find themselves ________ in a prison from which they cannot escape.A. to be trappedB. having trappedC. trappedD. trapping25.(2018·金中高三期初) I found my computer functioning much better, ______ a new operating system.A. to installB. installingC. having installedD. installed26. (2018·金中高三期初) The newly-built café, the walls of _____ painted light blue, is really a peaceful place for us, especially after hard work.A. whoseB. whichC. whatD. it27. (2018·南京期初) Many flowers and trees ________, our newly built school will look even more beautiful.A. to plantB. to be plantedC. plantingD. having planted28. (2017·南通市、扬州市、泰州市三模) Most of the money for the reconstruction of the quakestricken town has been allocated by the government, the rest ________ from the coming charity concerts.A. to be collectedB. having been collectedC. being collectedD. to have been collected29.(2017·南通、泰州市一模) ________ to the gift was a note on which he expressed his appreciation for our reception during his stay here.A. Being attachedB. AttachedC. AttachingD. Having attached30. (2017·无锡市一模) China has successfully launched Tiangong2, ________ the way to the construction ofa large space station in the early 2020s.A. to paveB. having pavedC. pavedD. paving31. (2017·扬州市一模) Trump Tower, ________ as the headquarters for The Trump Organization, is a 58 -storey skyscraper ________ in Midtown Manhattan.A. serving; locatedB. served; locatedC. served; locatingD. serving; locating32. (2017·扬州市一模) —Would you mind going to the movies by yourself tonight?—I am afraid I will feel lonely in the theatre, with no one ________ me.A. being accompaniedB. accompaniedC. to accompanyD. having accompanied33. (2017·苏锡常镇四市二模) Newly ________ chairman of the Chinese Basketball Association, Yao Ming has put reforming the domestic game's management at the top of his agenda.A. appointingB. appointedC. being appointedD. having appointed34. (2017·常州) The type and quantity of illegal drugs a person is carrying when ________ by the police determine the punishment, ________ from a small fine to life imprisonment.A. caught; rangingB. caught; rangedC. catching; rangingD. catching; ranged35.(2017·苏北四市一模) US singer Bob Dylan was awarded the 2016 Nobel Prize in Literature, becoming the first songwriter ________ the honour.A. winningB. having wonC. to winD. to be won36. (2017·镇江市一模) Women deserve to be treated with dignity and they should make their voices ________ in the world.A. heardB. having heardC. hearingD. to be heard37. (2017·南京市2017届高三第三次模拟考试) Laughter produces short term changes in the function of the heart and blood circulation, ________ heart rate and oxygen consumption.A. increasingB. to increaseC. having increasedD. being increased38. (2017·苏锡常镇四市一模) —Sharon, why is the man so upset now? —His wallet, mobile phone and ID card ________, the police are investigating and will send him to a social assistance station.A. was stolenB. stolenC. being stolenD. having stolen39. (2017·南通市、泰州市三模) —What does Nicky's job involve as a public relations director?—________ quite a lot of time with other people.A.SpendingB. Having spentC. To spendD. To have spent40.(江苏南通第二次调研, 34) Who do the passengers on board think it is up to ________ a final decision about such a matter?A. makeB. makingC. to makeD. to be making41. (江苏南京、盐城一模, 32) The white building, threats to pull it down, is now a private house in the possession of a retired professor.A. having survivedB. survivingC. to surviveD. survived42. (江苏百校联考, 33) The first time I saw him, what impressed me most were his waistline nearly 3 chi and his obesity210 jin.A. measured; weighedB. measuring; weighedC. measured; weighingD. measuring; weighing43. (江苏扬州中学模拟, 29) What' s the chance of a general election this year?A. there going to beB. there to beC. there beD. there being44. (江苏苏锡常镇一模, 26) All of us have read thrilling stories in which the heroes have only a limited time to live. Such stories set us, what we should do under similar circumstances.A. thinking; to wonderB. to think; wonderingC. thinking; wonderingD. to think; to wonder45. (江苏扬泰南) Carbon dioxide is said the earth twice as quickly as previously feared.A. to be heatedB. to be heatingC. to have heatedD. to have been heated46. (江苏扬泰南一模, 24) by flowers and applause doesn' t necessarily mean one is living a happy life.A. AccompaniedB. Being accompaniedC. To be accompaniedD. Having accompanied47. (江苏苏锡常镇二模, 23) A modern stadium in that new town, soon, will be an ideal place for people to have all kinds of sports in.A. completedB. to be completedC. being completedD. having been completed48. (江苏南通三模, 28) —Have you finished your task now?—Not yet. So much time has been wasted its details aimlessly this morning.A. being assessedB. to assessC. assessedD. assessing49. (江苏苏北四市二模) —You should have told her about the meaning of the gesture.—I meant, but I had some unexpected guests.A. to doB. to haveC. doingD. doing so50. (江苏南通二模) Difficult as rumours on micro blog, or Weibo, are, the authorities will step up supervision so that people will not be easily misled.A. preventingB. to preventC. to be preventedD. being prevented(2018·苏州期初, B篇)Procrastinators (拖延症患者), take note: If you’ve tried building self-control and you’re still putting things off, maybe you need to try something different. One new approach: Check your mood.Often, procrastinators attempt to avoid the anxiety or worry aroused by a tough task with activities aimed at repairing their mood, such as checking Facebook or taking a nap. But the pattern, which researchers call “giving in to feel good,” makes procrastinators feel worse later, when they face the consequenc es of missing a deadline or making a last-minute effort, says Timothy Pychyl (rhymes with Mitchell), an associate professor of psychology at Carleton University.Increasingly, psychologists and time-management consultants are focusing on a new strategy: helping procrastinators see how attempts at mood repair are destroying their efforts and learn to control their emotions in more productive ways.The new approach is based on several studies in the past two years showing that negative emotions can damage attempts at self-control. It fills a gap among established time-management methods, which stress behavioral changes such as adopting a new organizing system or doing exercises to build willpower.Researchers have come up with a playbook of strategies to help procrastinators turn mood repair to their advantage. Some are tried-and-true classics: Dr. Pychyl advises procrastinators to just get started, and make the doorstep for getting started quite low. “Procrastinators are more likely to put the technique to use when they understand how mood repair works,” says Dr. Pychyl, author of a 2013 book, “Solving the Procrastination Puzzle.” He adds，“A real motive power comes from doing what we intend to do—the things that are important to us.”He also advises procrastinators to practice “time travel”—projecting themselves into the future to imagine the good feelings they will have after finishing a task, or the bad ones they will have if they don’t. This cures procrastinators’ tendency to get so stuck in present anxieties and worries that they fail to think about the future. Another mood-repair strategy, self-forgiveness, is aimed at dismissing the self-blame. University freshmen who forgave themselves for procrastinating on studying for the first exam in a course procrastinated less on the next exam, according to a recent study led by Michael Wohl, an associate professor of psychology at Carleton. Thomas Flint learned about the technique by reading research on self-control, including studies by Dr. Sirois and Dr. Pychyl. He put it to use after his family moved recently to a new house. Instead of beating himself up for failing to unpack all the boxes gathered in his garage right away, Mr. Flint decided to forgive himself and start with a single step. Td say, “OK, Tm going to take an hour, with a goal of getting the TV set up, and that's it”; then he watched a TV show as a reward. Allowing himself to do the task in stages, he says, is “a victory.”51. What does Timothy Pychyl mean by mentioning the “giving in to feel good” pr actice in Paragraph 2?A. It probably does more harm than good.B. It prevents procrastinators from giving up.C. It helps procrastinators meet the deadline.D. It effectively drives away anxiety and worry.52. Where does a real motive power come from according to Dr. Pychyl?A. Sticking to one’s intention.B. Doing things that really matter.C. Getting started from a low doorstep.D. Learning important techniques of mood repair.53. What is the purpose of the practice “time travel”?A. To make their future plan more practical.B. To accelerate the speed of finishing the task.C. To stop people from worrying about their travel.D. To free people from the present negative emotions.54. What can be inferred from Michael Wohl study?A. Self-blame prevents students from putting things off.B. Procrastinators are still able to get good scores in exams.C. University freshmen can get rid of procrastination easily.D. Self-forgiveness is an effective way to cure procrastination.(2018·苏州期初, C篇)Preschools—educational programs for children under the age of five—differ significantly from one country to another according to the views that different societies hold regarding the purpose of early childhood education. For instance, in a cross-country comparison of preschools in China, Japan, and the United States, researchers found that parents in the three countries view the purpose of preschools very differently. Whereas parents in China tend to see preschools primarily as a way of giving children a good start academically, Japanese parents view them primarily as a way of giving children the opportunity to be members of a group. In the United States, in comparison, parents regard the primary purpose of preschools as making children more independent and self-reliant, although obtaining a good academic start and having group experience are also important.While many programs designed for preschoolers focus primarily on social and emotional factors, some are adapted mainly toward promoting cognitive (认知的）gains and preparing preschoolers for the formal instruction they will experience when they start school. In the United States, the best-known program designed to promote future academic success is Head Start. Established in the 1960s when the United States declared the War on Poverty, the program has served over 13 million children and their families. The program, which stresses parental involvement, was designed to serve the “whole child”，including children’s physical health, self-confidence, social responsibility, and social and emotional development.Whether Head Start is seen as successful or not depends on the angles through which one is looking at. If, for instance, the program is expected to provide long-term increases in IQ scores, it is a disappointment. Although graduates of Head Start programs tend to show immediate IQ gains, these increases do not last. On the other hand, it is clear that Head Start is meeting its goal of getting preschoolers ready for school. Preschoolers who participate in Head Start are better prepared for future schooling than those who do not. Furthermore, graduates of Head Start programs have better future school grade. Finally, some research suggests that ultimately Head Start graduates show higher academic performance at the end of high school.The most recent comprehensive evaluation of early intervention programs suggests that, taken as a group, preschool programs can provide significant benefits, and that government funds invested early in life may ultimately lead to a reduction in future costs. For instance, compared with children who did not participate in early intervention programs, participants in various programs showed gains in emotional or cognitive development, better educational outcomes, increased economic self-sufficiency (自给自足)，reduced levels of criminal activity, and improved health-related behaviors. Of course, not every program produced all these benefits, and not every child benefited to the same extent. Furthermore, some researchers argue that less-expensive programs are just as good as relatively expensive ones, such as Head Start. Still, the results of the evaluation were promising, suggesting that the potential benefits of early intervention can be significant. Not everyone agrees that programs that seek to strengthen academic skills during the preschool years are a good thing. In fact, according to developmental psychologist David Elkind, United States society tends to push children so rapidly that they begin to feel stress and pressure at a young age. Elkind argues that academic success is largely dependent upon factors out of parents’ control, such as inherited (遗传的) ties and a child’s rate of maturation. Consequently, children of a particular age cannot be expected to master educational material without taking into account their current level of cognitive development.In short, children require development appropriate educational practice, which is education based on both typical development and the unique characteristics of a given child.55.Parents in Japan send their children to preschools in the hope of ______.A. helping children gain group experienceB. giving children a good academic startC. expand their emotional developmentD. pushing children to be independent56. What can we learn about Head Start from Paragraph 2?A. It discourages parental involvement.B. It aims to help poor but gifted children.C. It focuses on children’s academic performance.D. It helps children develop in an all-round way.57. What does the sentence “it is a disappointment” in Pa ragraph 3 mean?A. The program pays too much attention on grades.B. The program fails to increase children's IQ steadily.C. The program can't reduce levels of criminal activities.D. The program ignores the importance of children's interests.58. What can we learn about the benefits of early intervention programs from Paragraph 4?A. Not every program can provide benefits.B. Children benefit more from programs they find fun.C. Benefits gained from the programs vary from person to person.D. Expensive programs provide more benefits than less expensive ones.59. Which of the following may David Elkind agree with?A. No pains, no gains.B. Better untaught than ill-taught.C. Haste makes waste.D. All work and no play make Jack a dull boy.60. What’s th e author's attitude toward pre-school educational programs?A. Objective.B. Contradictory.C. Negative.D. Doubtful.1-5 ACADB 6-10 BBDDA 11-15 DACDA 16-20 ACDBB 21-25 BCBCC 26-30 DBABD 31-35 ACBAC 36-40 AABAC 41-45 ADDCB 46-50 BBDBB 51-54 ABDD55-60 ADBCCA。
2020年高考英语语法考点讲解与真题分析专题19：非谓语动词(二)附解析
2020年高考语法考点讲解与真题分析19 非谓语动词（二）考点二非谓语动词作宾语5. 用动名词的一些结构（这些结构中动名词一般作宾语）只能用动名词的结构有：be busy/through/worth, be used/accustomed to (习惯于…), look forward to, get down to, turn to, feel like, give up, can’t help, what/how about, devote…to, prefer…to…, have di fficulty/trouble/problem/fun/a good/hard time, There is no use/need/good, It’s no use, when it comes to等。
1.I didn't mean _________anything but the ice cream looked so good that I couldn’t help_______ it. (2018天津)A.to eat；to tryB. eating；tryingC. eating；to tryD. to eat；trying【答案】D【解析】mean后接动名词表示“意味着”，后接不定式表示“意图，打算”；can’t help doing表示“情不自禁想做”，由句意“我本没打算吃东西，但冰激凌看上去这么诱人，我就情不自禁地想尝一尝。
” 可知选D。
2. When it comes to ________ in public, no one can match him. （2014江西）A. speakB. speakingC. being spokenD. be spoken【答案】B【解析】when it comes to doing表示“说到做……”；speak表示“说”时是不及物动词，故用主动式。
非谓语动词(外研版)(2)
必备英语【初中英语】非谓语动词(外研版)一、动词被动语态1．It's not your turn yet.Please wait on the chair over there until you _______.A. are callingB. have calledC. are called【答案】 C【解析】【分析】句意：现在还没有轮到你．请等在那边的椅子上，直到有人叫你。
结合语境可知，主语you是动作call的承受者，因此这里用一般现在时态的被动语态，结构式is/are/am+动词的过去分词．主语是you，用be动词are．call的过去分词是called．答案是C【点评】考查一般现在时的被动语态。
2．We are going to take the high-speed train to Xi'an tomorrow, so an early arrival at the station ____________.A. advisesB. is advisedC. is advisingD. was advised【答案】 B【解析】【分析】句意：明天我们要坐高铁去西安，所以建议早到车站。
结合句意，主语an early arrival与动词advise之间是被动语态，故选B。
【点评】本题考查被动语态。
一般现在时的被动语态be+及物动词的过去分词。
3．—Oh, your room is too dirty, Mike!—Sorry, Mum. It yesterday. I forgot to do it.A. didn't cleanB. isn't cleanedC. was cleanedD. wasn't cleaned【答案】 D【解析】【分析】句意：——哦，你的房间是太脏了，Mike！——对不起，妈妈。
昨天房间没有打扫，我忘记了。
it代指room，是动作clean的承受者，所以用被动语态，时态是一般过去时，所以用一般过去时的被动语态，结构是was/were+动词过去分词，主语是it，所以用was，clean的过去分词是cleaned，根据 I forgot to do it.可知没有打扫房间，所以用wasn't，故选D。
非谓语动词 (2)
I'm sorry to hear that.
7.特殊疑问词+动词不定式 不定式可以和疑问代词who,what,which,以及疑问副词 w h e n , w h e r e , w h y, h o w 连 用 构 成 不 定 式 短 语 ， 在 句 中 作 主 语 ， 宾 语 ， 表语等成分。 The question is when to start. What to do is an important question. I can't decide where to go. Whether是否： We don't know whether to do it next.
三.动名词常考点
1.动词后接不定式和动名词的区别： remember doing sth.记得曾做过某事
remember to do sth.记得去做某事 forget doing sth.忘记曾做过某事
forget to do sth.忘记去做某事 stop doing sth.停止做某事
stop to do sth.停下来去做某事 go on doing sth.继续做某事
She promised to come at nine o'clock.
I decide to study the guitar.
• sb. find\think\feel it+adj.+(for sb)+to do sth. 某人发现\认为\感觉做...是...的
We find it difficult for us to learn English well.
sth. need doing某物被需要做（主表被） need to do sth需要做某事
【英语】非谓语动词练习题二(解析
A．To throwB．ThrownC．Being thrownD．Throwing
【答案】D
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
【点睛】
伴随状语是指状语从句的动作伴随主句发生，它的特点是：它所表达的动作或状态是伴随着句子谓语动词的动作而发生或存在的，这个考点在高考中经常出现，本题考查的是分词做伴随状语，分为现在分词和过去分词，现在分词短语表示与主句的主语在逻辑上有主谓关系，即表示主动意义；而过去分词短语则表示与主句的主语在逻辑上是动宾关系，即被动意义；He sen me an e-mail hoping to ge further information他给我发一封电子邮件，希望得到更多的信息；He hurried to the hall, followed by two guards.他匆忙进了大厅，后面跟着两个警卫。
A．taking B．taken
C．being taken D．take
【答案】B
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：我需要一个新护照，所以我将不得不拍照片。本题考查非谓语动词作宾语补足语，宾语my photograph与补足语之间为被动关系，故用过去分词作宾语补足语。C项表示正在进行。故选B。
点睛：本题考查的非谓语动词为高中重点语法之一。在分析题目的时候，首先要抓住非谓语动词在句中所作的成分，找出该非谓语动词所对应的逻辑主语，再分析二者之间的关系，最后根据句意选择正确的答案。
13．______to work overtime that evening,I missed a wonderful film.
非谓语动词2
非谓语动词专练2一．单项选择1.In common practice, the British start a conversation ____ with “What a good day”.A. beginningB. beginsC. to beginD. begun2.—What are you going to do this evening？—We are considering and it is considered a good idea.A. going swimming；to beB. to go swimming；beingC. going swimming；beingD. to go swimming；to be3. Teenagers, in particular, enjoy using a new language for messages ______“texting”.A. to callB. callingC. calledD. having4. All passengers _____ injured in the accident were sent to the nearby hospital in no time.A. to findB. being foundC. to be foundD. found5. CO2 _____ from burning fuels is the most common of the socalled greenhouse gases.A. producingB. having been producedC. to be producedD. produced6. The American swimmer Michael Phelps won eight gold medals, _____ a new world record.A. settingB. setC. to setD. being set7. He didn’t feel a bit nervous when _____, because he’d had a lot of time ______ for it.A. interviewing; to prepareB. interviewed; to prepareC. interviewing; preparingD. being interviewed; preparing8.The boy is looking forward to _____ his mother back from work.A. seeB. seeingC. seenD. saw9.While shopping, people sometimes can’t help _____ into buying things they don’t really need.A. to persuadeB. persuadingC. being persuadedD. be persuaded10. Mr. Li didn’t come today. He is said Wuhan on business.A. to go toB. to have been toC. to have gone toD. to has11.The foreigner explained again and again but he still couldn’t make himself .A. understandB. understoodC. be understoodD. understanding12.It rained for two weeks on end，completely our holiday.A. ruinedB. to ruinC. ruiningD. ruins13.Madame Michel found herself in an _____ position, and therefore she felt rather ______.A. embarrassing; embarrassedB. embarrassed; embarrassedC. embarrassing; embarrassingD. embarrassed; embarrassing14. On the way, he would sometimes slow down the car ____ sure we were going the right way.A. makingB. to makeC. madeD. to be making15.When I came there, I found him ______at the back of the hall with his eyes _____on a book.A. seating; fixingB. seated; fixedC. seating; fixedD. seated;16. A powerful earthquake struck Haiti, _____ tens of thousands homeless and buried in ruins.A. leftB. to leaveC. being leftD. leaving17.A few days after the interview I received a letter ________my admission to the university.A. offeringB. offeredC. having offeredD. to be offered18.Cao Cao’s tomb is reported ________in Anyang, which attracts nationwide attention.A. being foundB. to be foundC. having been foundD. to have been found19. After suffering a heart attack, Michael Jackson was pronounced dead,_____ a tragic end to the world’s most popular entertainer.A. markingB. to markC. markedD. having marked20.You can hardly imagine the efforts I have made ________the goal.A. to achieveB. of achievingC. to of achievingD. to have achieved21.—Be careful！Don’t forget you are on a ladder.—But you are holding it for me, nothing________.A. worry aboutB. to worry aboutC. is worried aboutD. worrying about22.The next thing he saw was smoke ______ from behind the house.A. roseB. risingC. to riseD. risen23.The island, ______ to the mainland by a bridge, is easy to go to.A. joiningB. to joinC. joinedD. having joined24. Sarah pretended to be cheerful, ______nothing about the argument.A. says B: said C. to say D. saying25. It’s important for the figures ______ regularly.A. to be updatedB. to have been updatedC. to updateD. to have updated26.Sit down, Emma. You will only make yourself more tired, _____ on yourA. to keepB. keepingC. having keptD. to have kept27. It’s no use ______ without taking action.A. complainB. complainingC. being complainedD. to be complained28. The rare fish, _____ from the cooking pot, has been returned to the sea.A. savedB. savingC. to be savedD. having saved29. At one point I made up my mind to talk to Uncle Sam. Then I changedmy mind, ____ that he could do nothing to help.A. to realizeB. realizedC. realizingD. being realized30. Today we have chat rooms, text messaging, emailing… but we seem_____ the art of communicating face-to-face.A. losingB. to be losingC. to be lostD. having lost二．用所给动词的适当形式填空1. The great hall was crowded with many people, _____ (include) manychildren _____(seat) on their parents’ laps.2. There _____ (be) no rain for a long time, most of the crops in this area diedfrom lacking water.3. Yesterday a street-beggar bought a lottery ticket purposelessly,_____(make) him a millionaire overnight.4. In the face of the big fire in October in California, many people in the fire-stricken areas moved out _____(escape ; burn)5. Taking this medicine, if _____(continue) , will of course do good to hishealth.6. The little boy still needs the _____ (remain ) 20 dollars to do with some things _____(remain; settle).7. _____ (consider) his age, the little boy read quite well.8. _____ from the appearance, it is very peaceful; but in fact, a war will break out soon.（judge）9. His letter, _____(address) to the wrong number, reached me late.10. The Space Shuttle Columbia broke into pieces over Texas as it returned to the earth on February 1, 2003, _____ (kill) all seven astronauts aboard.11. There are lots of places of interest _____(need; repair) in our city.12. — What caused the party to be put off?— Tom’s _____ the invitations.(delay)13. I was afraid _____(talk) back to my customers because I was afraid of_____(lose) them.14. Standing on the top of the hill, I would not do anything but _____(enjoy) the flowing of the smog around me.15. I can’t get my car _____(run) on cold mornings, so I have to try_____(fill) the radiator with some hot water.16. The drunken husband knocked against the table and sent the bowls_____(fly) in all directions before he was sent _____(sleep) by his wife. 17. When we got back from the cinema, we found the lamp _____(burn) on but the door _____(shut).18. We found the students seated at tables and had their eyes _____(fix) on the scene of the launch of Shenzhou V spaceship.19. A doctor can expect _____ (call) at any hour of the day or night.20. Mr. Smith was much surprised to find the watch he had had _____(repair) was nowhere to be seen.。
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非谓语动词一、现在分词（Present Participle）一.构成形式一般式doing一般被动式being done完成式having done完成被动式having been done所有否定式都是在－ing前面加not包括独立主格形式三.可作成分定语补语表语状语１.作定语单个分词作定语时放在所修饰名词前分词短语作定语时放在后，并且名词与现在分词之间存有逻辑上的主谓关系，这是区分现在分词作定语和动名词作定语的判断方法之一。
eg.a running boythe girl standing there并且一般都可以转化为一个进行时的定语从句eg.a boy who is runninga girl who is standing there注意１：分词的完成时不可作定语注意２：在message letter sign news notice等词后要用现在分词作定语，不用过去分词，这是考试的易错点。
注意３：某些现在分词作定语时，已不再表示动作，已经从分词变为了形容词词性。
eg. an interesting story；an exciting match这些也可以属于现在分词作定语但是不能转化为相应的定语从句，但是可以有三级变化（原级比较级最高级）和被某些副词如very修饰。
２.作宾语补足语只有两类动词可以加现在分词作宾补１）感官动词：see hear watch feel notice observe keep find listen to look at２）使役动词：have get catch leave set值得注意的是：要想用现在分词来作宾补，只能是用于这些词后。
但是并不代表这些动词后的宾补形式都要用现在分词（有些后面可以加不带to的不定式作宾补）eg.I saw him singing now.Don't have the students studying all day.注意：宾语与作宾补的现在分词之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系，即宾语是现在分词动作的发出者。
３.作表语现在分词作表语的情况只适用于上述的现在分词做定语部分中的注意3。
有三级变化，可被副词修饰。
eg. The story is interesting.The match is exciting.注意：表动作的现在分词不能作表语，例如上面例子的变形A boy is running.这不是主系表，而是主谓（其中助动词is与现在分词running和起来作谓语）４.作状语 doing/ having done作时间、条件、原因、让步状语时，要位于句首。
且与后面用逗号隔开，能转换为一个相应的状语从句；作结果、方式、伴随状语时，要位于句尾。
且与前面用逗号隔开。
有时也可以不用。
注意：分词作状语时的逻辑主语（即分词动作的发出者）一般要与句中主语保持一致．１）作时间状语eg. Walking in the street, I saw him.当我在街上走时，我看到他了．可以转化为一个时间状语从句When/While I was walking in the street, I saw him.当要表达正在进行的动作时，我们可以在分词前面加上when／while When/While walking in the street, I saw him.如果分词的动作先于主句的动作，用分词的完成式having done After he had rested in Sydney for a few weeks, he set off once more.→Having rested in Sydney for a few weeks, he set off once more.→After resting/having rested in Sydney for a few weeks, he set off once more.２）作条件状语eg. Working hard, you will succeed.３）作原因状语eg. Being ill, she stayed at home.注意：being是常用来作原因状语的。
４）作让步状语eg. Having failed many times, he didn't lost heart.５）作结果状语eg. His friend died, leaving him a lot of money,６）作方式状语eg. Please answer the question using another way.７）作伴随状语（可以转化为一个并列句）eg. He is standing there, singing.５. 可接受的无依着动词+ing形式，作独立成分，他们的逻辑主语与句子的主语不一致。
如：Supposing he is ill, who will do that work?Generally speaking, boys are more interested in science than girls. Judging from his accent, he must have come from Canada.常见的不需要逻辑主语的动词ing形式结构：generally speaking…一般来说Judging from/by… 由……判断出considering (that)…考虑到supposing (that)…如果frankly speaking… 坦白地说concerning…关于talking of… 说到coming to…谈到allowing for… 考虑到，顾及，留有…余地setting aside…除开６.现在分词的独立主格当分词的逻辑主语不和句中主语保持一致，也就是分词拥有了自己的独自的逻辑主语时，就用独立主格。
eg.Winter coming，it gets colder and colder．冬天来了，天变的越来越冷了。
注意：当逻辑主语是人的身体部位时，如果后面的动词是及物动词，我们就用过去分词；如果是不及物动词，我们就用现在分词。
其实用过去分词时是因为身体部位作了它的宾语。
如果是由身体部位自己本身发出的动作时就用现在分词。
eg. The boy lay on the ground，his eyes closed and his hands trembling．这个男孩躺在地上，眼睛闭着，手在发抖。
二、过去分词（Past Participle）在句中可作成分：定语、补语、表语和状语。
1．过去分词作定语作定语用的过去分词相当于形容词，其逻辑主语就是它所修饰的名词。
及物动词的过去分词作定语，既表被动又表完成；不及物动词的过去分词作定语只表完成。
过去分词用作定语，如果是单个的，常置于其所修饰的名词之前；过去分词短语用作定语时，一般置于其所修饰的名词之后，其意义相当于一个定语从句，多用于书面语中。
We must adapt our thinking to the changed conditions.我们必须使我们的思想适应改变了的情况。
The concert given by their friends was a success.他们朋友举行的音乐会大为成功。
The meeting, attended by over five thousand people, welcomed the great hero.他们举行了欢迎英雄的大会，到会的有五千多人。
注意：用来修饰人的过去分词有时可以转移到修饰非人的事物，这种过去分词在形式上虽不直接修饰人，但它所修饰的事物仍与人直接有关。
The boy looked up with a pleased expression. 男孩带着满意的表情举目而视。
2．过去分词作表语及物动词的过去分词作表语，与句子主语是被动关系，既表示被动，又表示完成。
The cup is broken. 茶杯破了。
The city is surrounded on three sides by mountains. 这座城市三面环山。
不及物动词的过去分词作表语，与句子主语是主动关系，只表示动作的完成。
He is retired. 他已退休。
【注意】一般来说，过去分词表示被动或完成, -ing 形式表示主动或进行。
有些动词如interest, bore, worry, surprise, frighten 等通常用其过去分词形式来修饰人，用-ing 形式来修饰物。
The book is interesting and I'm interested in it.The little girl was frightened to death, when she saw the snake then. 3．过去分词作宾语补足语能够接过去分词作宾补的动词有以下两类：a)表示感觉或心理状态的动词。
如：see, watch, observe, look at,hear, listen to, feel, notice, think等。
I heard the song sung in English.我听到有人用英语唱过这首歌。
He found his hometown greatly changed.他发现他的家乡变化很大。
b)表示“致使”意义的动词。
如：have, make, get, keep, leave等。
I’ll have my hair cut tomorrow. 明天我要理发。
He got his tooth pulled out yesterday. 他昨天把牙拔了。
Don’t leave those t hings undone. 要把那些事情做完。
【注意】过去分词所表示的动作一定和宾语有逻辑上的动宾关系。
4.过去分词作状语过去分词作状语表示被动的动作。
Written in a hurry, this article was not so good!因为写得匆忙，这篇文章不是很好。
Given another hour, I can also work out this problem.再给我一个小时，我也能解这道题。
Seen from the top of the hill, the city looks more beautiful to us.从山顶看城市，城市显得更漂亮。
Caught in a heavy rain, he was all wet.因为淋了一场大雨，所以他全身湿透了。
【注意】过去分词作状语，一般表示被动。
但有些过去分词因来源于系表结构，作状语时不表被动而表主动。