微生物专业英语

微生物专业英语
2020.2.24
1、微生物：microorganism [ˌmaɪkroʊˈɔːrɡənɪzəm]
释：微生物小的鲜活生物，只有使用显微镜才能看到。

A microorganism is a very small living thing which can only be seen by a microscope.
2、固体废弃物：(solid waste)[ˈsɑːlɪd]
释：一般所说的垃圾，是人类新陈代谢排泄物和消费品消费后的废弃物品。

Generally speaking, soild waste is the waste products of human metabolism and consumer products after consumption.
3、浸出：leach [liːtʃ]
释：浸出是通过溶剂从固体中提取可溶性成分的过程。

Leaching is the process of extracting a soluble constituent from a solid by means of a solvent.
4、油污泥：oily sludges[slʌdʒ]
5、市政污泥civil sludge/ municipal sludge
释：主要指来自污水厂的污泥
Mainly refers to sludge from sewage plants
6、土壤改良：soil improvement
释：针对土壤的不良质地和结构，采取相应的物理、生物或化学措施，改善土壤性状，提高土壤肥力，增加作物产量，以及改善人类生存土
壤环境的过程。

Soil improvement is the process of taking appropriate physical, biological, or chemical measures to improve soil properties, soil fertility, crop yields, and improving the soil environment of human existence in response to the poor texture and structure of the soil.
句子：
一、目的研究微生物-植物联合对稠油污染土壤的修复效果，为石油污染土壤生物修复技术的应用提供依据。

The paper intends to investigate the combined effects of microorganism and plant on the remediation of soil polluted by thick oil, and to provide practical methods for the remediation.
The paper：论文或是本文
intend to do sth:旨在，目的是
Investigate [ɪnˈvestɪɡeɪt] ：调查；研究
Investigate on sth ....的研究，对....的研究
Remediation [rɪˌmiːdiˈeɪʃn] 修复
Thick: [θɪk] adj.稠密的，茂密的
二、目前我国市政污泥处置主要有农用和填埋两种方式。

At present of the municipal sludge disposal, there are two main methods, namely, agricultural use and landfill.
Disposal：[dɪˈspoʊzl] 去掉;清除;处理;(企业、财产等的)变卖，让与Landfill：[U] 填埋的废物
waste material that will be buried
三、油污泥是危险废物，也是资源。

Oil sludge is either a kind of dangerous waste or resource.
Either ....or....既是......也是......
微生物专业英语
2020.02.25
1、解磷微生物：
phosphate-solubilizing microorganisms [ˈfɑːsfeɪt]['sɑljəbə,laɪz]
释：依靠自身的代谢产物或通过与其他生物的协同作用，将土壤中的难溶性磷转化为可供植物吸收利用的磷。

Relying on its own metabolites or through synergy with other organisms, the insoluble phosphorus in the soil is converted into phosphorus that can be absorbed and utilized by plants.
2、有机物
organic [ɔr'gænɪk]
释：化学有关的或表示含碳化合物（简单的二元化合物和盐除外），且化学或最终为生物起源。

Chemistry of ,relating to ,or denoting compounds containing
carbon(other than simple binary compounds and salts)and cheifly or ultimately of biological orgin.
3、原位治理方法in-situ treatment [ˈsaɪtuː]
释：原位处理是指将受污染区域就地对污染物进行治理的方法。

In-situ treatment refers to the method of treating pollutants on-site in
a contaminated area.
4、异位修复ex-situ remediation [rɪˌmiːdiˈeɪʃn]
释：将受污染的土壤或地下水从受污染区域转移到邻近地点或反应器内，对其中的污染物进行治理的方法。

Transferring contaminated soil or groundwater from a contaminated area to an adjacent place or reactor, and treating the pollutants therein.
5、槽浸trench-leaching[trentʃ]
释：槽浸即在反应器中进行浸出，需要充气和搅拌，有时还需要保温。

Leaching in the reactor, which requires aeration and stirring, and sometimes requires insulation.
6、堆浸heap leaching[hiːp]
释：堆置浸出，使溶液在矿石堆内的渗滤过程中通过毛细和分子的扩散作用有选择的溶解和浸出矿石和废石堆中堆浸的金属。

Heap leaching enables the solution to selectively dissolve and leach the metals in the ore heap and waste rock heap through capillary and molecular diffusion during the percolation process in the ore heap.
句子：
一、土壤，淤泥和废弃物中萃取非挥发及半挥发有机物。

Extracting nonvolatile and semivolatile organic compounds from soils, sludges and waste.
1、Extractingv.提取;提炼;索取，设法得到(对方不愿提供的信息、钱财等);选取;摘录;选录extract的现在分词
extracte.....from 从.....提取；从....萃取
2、nonvolatile [nɔn'vɔlətail] ：adj. 非易失性的；非挥发性的
3、semivolatile [,semi'vɔlətail, ,semai-] adj. 半挥发性的
二、微生物采油提高采收率技术以其成本低、适用性强、施工简单、不伤害储层及无污染等优点受到石油业的普遍重视。

Enhanced oil recovery of microorganism is received in the oil industry with the advantages of low cost,powerful adaptability,simple construction,harmless reservoir and no-pollution.
1、oil recovery ：[油气] 油回收；采油
2、be received ....with 受....重视，被.....接受
3、powerful adaptability [əˌdæptəˈbɪləti]n. 适应性；可变性；适合性
三、污泥中含有大量的微生物及营养成分，对不同的作物及植物有增产和改善品质的作用。

There are abundant microorganism and nutrition in sludge which can contribute to the increase in yields and improve crop qualities.
1、there be 句型，在.....中有
2、abundant [əˈbʌndənt]adj. 丰富的；充裕的；盛产
abundant in富于；富有
Our country is abundant in minerals.
我国矿产非常丰富。

3、contribute to有助于
under control（被）控制住
out of control无法控制
4、yield v. 出产（产品或作物）；产出（效果、收益等）；
Maize was a high and stable yield crop.
玉米是一个高产、稳产的作物。

微生物专业英语
2020.02.26
1、湿法冶金
hydrometallurgy [haɪdro'mɛtl,ɝdʒi]
释：金属矿物原料在酸性介质或碱性介质的水溶液进行化学处理或有机溶剂萃取、分离杂质、提取金属及其化合物的过程。

N a technique for the recovery of a metal from an aqueous medium in which the metal or the gangue is preferentially dissolved
2、耐酸处理
acid- resistant treatment [rɪ'zɪstənt]
3、喷淋
spray[spreɪ]
4、细菌
bacteria [bæk'tɪəriə]
5、低品位铜矿石
low-grade copper ore
释：能源所含有用成分的百分率。

有用成分百分率越高则品位越高。

Percentage of ingredients used in energy. The higher the percentage of useful ingredients, the higher the grade.
6、预氧化技术
Preoxidation technique [pri:ɔksi'deiʃən]
释：指碳纤维原丝在碳化前须经的预氧化过程，在沥青基称作稳定化。

Refers to the pre-oxidation process that carbon fiber precursors must go through before carbonization, which is called stabilization on asphalt.
一、用氧化亚铁硫杆菌对铜矿峪矿低品位铜矿石进行生物氧化浸矿试验，从而在酸浸基础上进一步提高铜浸出率。

In order to improve the leaching recovery of Tongkuangyu low-grade copper ores on the basis of acid leaching, the bio-leaching process of the ores with thiobacillus ferrooxidana is studied.
1、In order to 为了
2、on the basis of 在…基础上
3、is studied=be done 结构，被动语态，被研究，被试验
二、生物冶金是一种细菌作用与湿法冶金相结合的新工艺. Biological metallurgy is new technology which combines bacillus's affection and hydrometallurgy.
1、Metallurgy：[ˈmetəlɜːrdʒi] 冶金
2、Hydrometallurgy [,haidrəu'metlə:dʒi]湿法冶金
3、bacillus[bə'sɪləs][ə'fekʃn]
句法：主语是什么，which 补充说明做修饰
微生物专业英语
2020.02.27
1、筛分screening[ˈskriːnɪŋ]
释：把各种粒度的混合物通过筛分机械，按筛孔大小分成不同粒度级别产品的过程。

The process of passing the mixture of various particle sizes through a sieving machine and dividing the product into different particle sizes according to the size of the sieve.
health screening健康检查；健康普查；
preliminary screening初步筛选
screening experiment筛选实验；
coarse screening粗筛选
2、资源化利用
resource reuse
resource utilization
3、混合菌mixed bacteria
释：混合菌系的具有较高的降解率、较快的降解速率、较稳定的降解效果的优势,使其成为石油烃污染的生物治理的有效途径。

Bacterial consortium has become an effective option in dealing with petroleum pollution because of its higher degradation rate、faster speed and more steady effect.
4、降解degradation [,deɡrə'deɪʃn]
释：在有机化学中通常指有机化合物分子中碳原子数目由于共价键断裂而减少的过程。

随着碳原子数目减少，化合物分子量也降低。

In organic chemistry, it usually refers to a process in which the number of carbon atoms in a molecule of an organic compound decreases due to the breaking of covalent bonds. As the number of carbon atoms decreases, the molecular weight of the compound decreases.
5、缓释肥料slow release fertilizer
释：缓释肥料又称缓效肥料(slow available fertilizers)或控释肥料(control release fertilizers)。

其肥料中含有养分的化合物在土壤中释放速度缓慢或者养分释放速度可以得到一定程度的控制以供作物持续吸收利用。

Slow release fertilizers are also called slow available fertilizers or control release fertilizers. The compound containing nutrients in the fertilizer is released slowly in the soil or the nutrient release rate can be controlled to a certain extent for continuous absorption and utilization by the crop.
6、机械脱水技术处理Mechanical dewatering technology
7、土壤湿度soil moisture[ˈmɔɪstʃər]
一、重选后的轻矿物可以直接利用和筛分利用。

The light fraction of gravity separation can be directly utilized or screene
d prior to utilization.
1、The light fraction[ˈfrækʃn] 轻矿物
2、screened prior：事先筛分
二、酵母菌具有成絮能力好，耐酸、耐高渗透压的特点，对处理高盐、高浓度工业废水处理具有很大的优越性。

Yeasts have a good flocculation capability and can endure low pH or high osmotic pressureenvironments,which make yeasts superior to treat high-strength organic wastewater.
1、yeast[jiːst]n. 酵母；泡沫；酵母片；引起骚动因素
2、endure low pH：耐酸
3、osmotic [ɑːzˈmɑːtɪk]：adj. 渗透性的，渗透的
4、make sth.superior to do sth 使....具有很大、很好优越性做.....
三、土壤微生物是森林生态恢复与重建的主要参与者，又是重建过程的重要评价指标之一。

Soil microorganism is a very important fact in the reforestation and rebuilding of the forest ecosystem, and also is one of significant assessment index.
1、Be one of .....之一
2、assessment index：评价指标
Assessment [əˈsesmənt]
risk assessment风险估计，危险率估计
environmental impact assessment环境影响评价
environmental assessment 环境评价；环境评估
echnology assessment技术评估
qualitative assessment质量评定
assessment center评价中心，评估中心
四、吸收塔内用喷嘴实行喷淋，要比喷淋前脱硫效率提高20％以上。

Comparing to before, the efficiency increases 20% when using nozzle to spray.
1、Nozzle [ˈnɑːzl]
spray nozzle喷雾嘴；水雾喷嘴jet nozzle喷嘴；尾喷口；喷射管submerged nozzle浸入式水口。