自主学习练习答案
部编版六年级上册语文自主学习参考答案
六年级上册语文自主练习答案1草原自学提示1.绿毯tdn小丘qi。
拘来shCi低吟yi'n会心hui飞驰chi'2.老舍草原风光喜迎远客主客联欢巩固运用1.绿毯稍微衣裳豆腐彩虹2.只要…都…；不管…总…；既…又…3.(1)清鲜明朗愉快(2)惊叹舒服奇丽静立不动4.A B拓展阅读1.广阔美丽欢腾2.总分3.承上启下4.对草原的赞美之情内蒙古锡林郭勒草原是广阔而又美丽的。
草原不仅美丽，还是个欢腾的世界。
2丁香结自学提示1.毫端hdo妩wU媚迷蒙m&ng衣襟jin♦♦♦•2.城外丁香花斗室外白丁香颜色气味巩固运用1.点缀幽雅单薄模糊恍然伏案笨拙花蕾衣襟愁怨2.(1)潇洒朦胧高洁含蓄生动形象(2)妩媚印象派的画模糊了形状颜色妩媚1(3)解不开不顺心平淡无味总结全文，点明中心3.颜色：白色和紫色形状：星星般的小花，许多小花形成一簇气味：淡淡的幽雅的甜香拓展阅读1.Jfil xue脉四qti径不Hi sheng负药h&2.天涯海角：形容极远的地方，或相隔极远不胜负荷：承受不起、担负不起巨大压力、负担、责任等3.蝴蝶嬉戏于花间“呼呼啦啦”的煽动翅膀的声音天空中翱翔的飞鸟4.写“动”的句子，从“一切的静依然静着”到最后这样写的好处是：作者用细微处的“动”反衬出了环境的“静”，方法巧妙，引人入胜。
3古诗词三首巩固运用1.略2.渚：水中间的小块陆地别枝：横斜的树枝茅店：用茅草盖的旅社社林：社庙附近的丛林3.(1)宁静蝉鸣蛙叫黄沙岭茅店社林夜行夏夜(2)跳珠乱入船4.D拓展阅读1.小孩；急忙跑去柴门，去掉门闩。
2.略24花之歌自学提示1.这是一篇借物抒怀之作，全诗都是“花”的隐喻。
前四段尤其可以看出花的特征。
图画中有诗意的浪漫，也有现实的真实，如“我是诸元素之女：冬将我孕育；春使我开花；夏让我成长；秋令我昏昏睡去。
”写出了花的成长与芬芳。
（答案不唯一）2.略巩固运用1.（风光）旖旎（芬芳）馥郁孤芳（自赏）（心驰）神往顾影（自怜）心驰（神往）2.略3.（1）我流泪时，烈日骄阳也晒不透我的惨淡；我欢笑时，阴雨缠绵也捍不动我的笑颜。
自主学习3-答案
自主学习 3Part I Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)Section ADirections:In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bankfollowing the passage. Read the passage through carefully before makingyour choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Pleasewrite the corresponding letter for each item in the blank. You may not useany of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 1 to 10 are based on the following passage.Domestic laws, not a global treaty, are the way to fight global warming. Governments like to cite 1)__constraints(限制)--- such as meeting the conditions for an international difficulty--- when pushing through unpopular policies. But with measures to 2)___ with climate change, the opposite prevails. Each round of intergovernmental talks on cutting 3)___ and compensating victims seems to achieve less than the one before. Meanwhile, according to a new study the number of new domestic environment laws rose quickly. And the overall trend is a strong increase in legal activism. Last year Mexico passed an important law to guide all its climate-change 4)___ .Some people define what counts as a climate law is hard when so much 5)___ the environment. The number of laws alone is not the 6)___ measure: some are comprehensive and other specific. Rules set by other layers of government may 7)___ more than the national kind. And just because a law passes does not mean it will do any good. Yet Sam Fankhauser of the London School of Economics says the rise in national legislation helps stop the skeptics‟ claim that it is self-defeating for a country to act alone on climate change. He also points out that many big countries still have a way to go. The study 8)___ the weak link between global action and domestic change. Holding a big climate conference 9)___ a series of laws a couple of years later. But by and 10)___voters appear more willing to accept domestic environmental laws than international ones.1---5 FCELA 6---10 BKONHSection BDirections:In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of theparagraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived.You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is markedwith a letter. Answer the questions by writing the corresponding letter inthe blank.Why Your Name MattersA)In 1948, two professors at Harvard University published a study of thirty-threehundred men who had recently graduated, looking at whether their names had any bearing on their academic performance. The men with unusual names, the study found, were more likely to have flunked out (因不及格而退学) or to have exhibited symptoms of psychological neurosis than those with more common names. The Mikes were doing just fine, but the Berriens were having trouble. A rare name, the professors surmised(推测), had a negative psychological effect on its bearer.B)Since then, researchers have continued to study the effects of names, and, in thedecades after the 1948 study, these findings have been widely reproduced. Some recent research suggests that names can influence choice of profession, where we live, whom we marry, the grades we earn, the stocks we invest in, whether we‟re accepted to a school or are hired for a particular job, and the quality of our work in a group setting. Our names can even determine whether we give money to disaster victims: if we share an initial with the name of a hurricane, according to one study, we are far more likely to donate to relief funds after it hits.C)Much of the apparent influence of names on behavior has been attributed towhat‟s known as the implicit-egotism effect: we are generally drawn to the things and people that most resemble us. Because we value and identify with our own names and initials, we prefer things that have something in common with them. D)That view, however, may not withstand closer scrutiny. The psychologist UriSimonsohn has questioned many of the studies that claim to demonstrate the implicit-egotism effect, arguing that the findings are statistical flukes(侥幸) that arise from poor methodology. “It‟s like a magician,” Simonsohn told me. “He shows you a trick, and you say, …I know it‟s not real, but how did he pull it off?‟ It‟s all in the methodology.” A problem that he cites in som e of these studies is an ignorance of base rates ---the over-all frequency with which something, like a name, occurs in the population at large. It may be appealing to think that someone named Dan would prefer to be a doctor, but we have to ask whether there are so many doctor Dans simply because Dan is a common name, well-represented in many professions. If that‟s the case, the implicit-egotism effect is no longer valid.E)There are also researchers who have been more measured in their assessments ofthe link between name and life outcome. In 1984, the psychologist Debra Crisp and her colleagues found that though more common names were better liked, theyhad no impact on a person‟s educational achievement. In 2012, the psychologists Hui Bai and Kathleen Briggs concluded that “the name initial is at best a very limited unconscious prime, i f any.” While a person‟s name may unconsciously influence his or her thinking, its effects on decision-making are limited. Follow-up studies have also questioned the link between names and longevity, career choice and success, geographic and marriage preferences, and academic achievement.F)However, it may not be the case that name effects don‟t exist; perhaps they justneed to be reinterpreted. In 2004, the economists Marianne Bertrand and Sendhil Mullainathan created five thousand résumés in response to job ads posted in the classifieds in Chicago and Boston newspapers. Using Massachusetts birth certificates from between 1974 and 1979, Bertrand and Mullainathan determined which names appeared at a high frequency in one race but at a low frequency in another, creating groups of what they termed “white-sounding names” (like Emily Walsh and Greg Baker) and “black-sounding names” (like Lakisha Washington and Jamal Jones). They also created two types of candidates: a higher-quality group with more experience and a more complete profile, and a lower-quality group, with some obvious gaps in employment or background. They sent two résumés from each qualification group to every employer, one with “black-sounding” name and the other with a “white-sounding” one (a total of four CVs per employer). They found that the “white-sounding” candidates received fifty per cent more callbacks, and that the advantage a résuméwith a “white-sounding” name had over a résumé with a “black-sounding” name was roughly equivalent to eight more years of work experience. An average of one of every ten “white” résumés received a call-back, versus one of every fifteen “black” résumés. Names, in other words, send signals about who we are and where we come from.G)The effects of name-signaling --- what names say about ethnicity, religion, socialsphere, and socioeconomic background --- may begin long before someone enters the workforce. In a study of children in a Florida school district, conducted between 1994 and 2001, the economist David Figlio demonstrated that a child‟s name influenced how he or she was treated by the teacher, and that differential treatment, in turn, translated to test scores. Figlio isolated the effects of the students‟ names by comparing siblings--- same background, different names.Children with names that were linked to low socioeconomic status or being black, as measured by the approach used by Bertrand and Mullainathan, were met with lower teacher expectations. Unsurprisingly, they then performed more poorly than their counterparts with non-black, higher-status names. Conversely, children with Asian-sounding names (also measured by birth-record frequency) were met with higher expectations, and were more frequently placed in gifted programs.H)The economists Steven Levitt and Roland Fryer looked at trends in names givento black children in the United States from the 1970s to the early 1980s. They discovered that names which sounded more distinctively “black” became, over time, ever more reliable signals of socioeconomic status. That status, in turn,affected a child‟s subsequent life outcome, which meant that it was possible to seea correlation between names and outcomes, suggesting a name effect similar towhat was observed in the 1948 Harvard study. But when Levitt and Fryer con trolled for the child‟s background, the name effect disappeared, strongly indicating that outcomes weren‟t influenced by intrinsic qualities of the name itself. As Simonsohn notes, “Names tell us a lot about who you are.”I)We see a name, implicitly associate different characteristics with it, and use thatassociation, however unknowingly, to make unrelated judgments about the competence and suitability of its bearer. The relevant question may not be “What‟s in a name?” but, rather, “What signals does my name send --- and what does it imply?”11. We may unconsciously judge a person‟s competence based on the association with his name.12. According to one study, a woman named Kate is more likely to donate to relieffunds if a hurricane named Katrina hits.13. The categorization of “white-sounding names”and “black-sounding names”isbased on the frequency at which names appear in different races.14. Professors at Harvard University found that men with peculiar names did notperform academically as well as those with ordinary names.15. A psychologist claims that many studies on the implicit-egotism effect haveadopted poor methodology.16. According to Figlio, teachers did not expect much from children with black names,which caused them to do poorly.17. A 2012 study found that name initials have no more influence than an unconsciousadvantage.18. One‟s life outcomes might be related to his name because it can indicate hissocioeconomic status, which in turn can affect his life course.19. The implicit-egotism effect may explain why we like things that have somethingin common with our names or initials.20. The callback rate of “white”resumes is 1.5 times higher than that of “black”resumes.11---15 IBFAD 16---20 GEHCFSection CDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are fourchoices marked A), B), C), D). You should decide on the best choice andwrite the corresponding letter in the blank.Passage OneQuestions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.The future looks bright for the International supermarket chain based on New Jersey ---H Mart and other Asian supermarket chains in America.. Earnings ofAsian-American households outpace the American average. Their spending exceeds all other groups, too, according to Geoscape. And Asian-Americans spend more of their money on groceries than the average America household.Americans have developed greater appetite for cooking and eating Asian foods, too. In 2012 non-restaurant sales of Asian foods topped $1.5 billion, according to Mintel Group. Though Latin foods are a bigger market，the popularity of Asian foods is growing faster. Once strange-seeming imports like seaweed and sashimi are now fashionable food stuff. Though the rate of growth is expected to fall, sales are likely to keep rising.But Asian delicacies can be hard to come by. Few Americans are likely to see durian(榴莲) or bamboo shoots in their local shop．Some specialty ingredients are only to be found at a premium in up-market grocery stores, or miles away, in ethnic markets in older Asian neighborhoods.Even so, most Asian grocers have not made efforts to reach new customers, says Jeffrey Cohen, an analyst at IBIS World, an industries watcher. Many shops are located in minority enclaves(聚居地)，and do little to market themselves to other Americans. Narrow car parks and dim interiors put off customers used to the bright lights of mainstream supermarkets. Ingredients labeled with poorly translated English can leave shoppers puzzled.A few Asian grocery chains have caught on, opening stores in more diverse suburbs, paying attention to cosmetic niceties and marketing more widely. Other than H Mart，there are Californian chains such as 99 Ranch Market and Shun Fat Supermarket，which have been expanding into the American southwest. 99 Ranch Market was even featured in a humorous YouTube music video --- “Asians Eat Weird Things”--- which has been watched more than 900,000 hits. As American eating and shopping habits change, however, those weird things do seem so weird after all．21. One of the reasons for the bright future of Asian supermarkets in America is ______.A) Asian-Americans purchase more groceries than other groupsB) the American economy has got back on trackC) Asian-Americans earn less but spend more than other groupsD) Asian supermarkets have the largest market22. What can we learn from the second paragraph?A) Americans don‟t like Asian foods much as before.B) Latin foods have fewer customers than Asian ones.C) Americans used to consider sashimi as weird food.D) The rate of growth and sales of Asian foods will both increase.23. Why are some Asian specialties hard to buy?A) Because they are imported in a limited number.B) Because they are only sold in several specific places.C) Because they are only sold in small quantities in shops.D) Because shops that sell them are all located in remote areas.24. What is the problem with most Asian groceries?A) The interiors are too bright for other Americans.B) The labels don‟t indicate food ingredients.C) They are located in remote areas and hard to find.D) They do little to make themselves known.25. What have some Asian grocery chains done to catch on?A) They have paid attention to the appearance of stores.B) They have had the food labels clearly translated.C) They have opened new stores in urban areas.D) They have increased the varieties of foods.Passage TwoQuestions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.Recent research has shown that the stress hormone cortisol (皮质醇) damages certain neurons(神经元) in the brain and can negatively affect memory and learning ability in the elderly. Researchers wanted to find out if laughter altered its effects. They proved that laughing could dramatically improve your health--- and be good for you as a deep state of meditation(冥想).Dr. Lee Berk said: 'It‟s simple, the less stress you have, the better your memory. Humor reduces harmful stress hormones like cortisol that decrease memory hippocampal neurons, lowers your blood pressure, and increases blood flow and your mood state. The act of laughter --- or simply enjoying some humor --- increases the release of endorphins(内啡肽) and dopamine（多巴胺）in the brain, which provides a sense of pleasure and reward. These positive and beneficial neurochemical changes, in turn, make the immune system function better. There are even changes in brain wave activity towards what's called the 'gamma wave band frequency', which also increase memory and recall. Joyful laughter immediately produces the same brain wave frequencies experienced by people in a true meditative state.”A 20-minute laugh-inducing funny video was shown to a group of healthy elderly individuals and a group of elderly people with diabetes(糖尿病). The groups were then asked to complete a memory assessment that measured their learning, recall, and sight recognition. Their performance was compared to a control group of elderly people who also completed the memory assessment, but were not shown a funny video. Cortisol concentrations for both groups were also recorded at the beginning and end of the experiment.The research team found a significant decrease in cortisol concentrations among both groups who watched the video. Video-watchers also showed greater improvement in all areas of the memory assessment when compared to controls, with the diabetic group seeing the most dramatic benefit in cortisol level changes and the healthy elderly seeing the most significant changes in memory test scores.26. How does cortisol affect memory ability in the elderly?A) It causes damage to some neurons.B) It changes the brain wave frequency.C) It slows down certain brain activities.D) It negatively affects brain cell activities.27. What is the benefit of humor according to the passage?A) It improves interpersonal relationships.B) It helps business negotiations.C) It reduces harmful stress hormones.D) It enhances one‟s creativity.28. What can “gamma wave band frequency” do?A) It can make one feel happy and rewarded.B) It can enhance the ability of memory and recall.C) It can make the immune system work better.D) It can decrease one‟s blood pressure.29. What can we learn from the third paragraph?A) Only the group with diabetes watched the funny video.B) Cortisol concentrations for the three groups were recorded.C) The memory assessment only measured the ability to recall.D) All the groups completed the memory assessment.30. What was the result of the research?A) Groups who watched the video had a drop in cortisol concentrations.B) The diabetic group showed the most dramatic increase in memory test scores.C) The healthy elderly experienced the biggest decrease in cortisol level.D) Video-watchers showed little improvement in memory assessment.Part II Vocabulary and Structure (20 minutes) Directions:Choose the appropriate words and phrases to complete the following(ensure)【句意“如果你想要保证赶上那班飞机，就坐出租吧。
《纪念白求恩》自主学习 练习题 含答案
《纪念白求恩》自主学习学习目标：1．掌握文中重点词语。
2．学习对比手法，理解其作用。
3．学习白求恩共产主义精神。
【基础知识】1、给下面加点字注音狭隘．（）殉．职（）热忱．（）拈．轻怕重（）纯粹．（）趣．味（）鄙．薄（）漠．不关心（）2、请选出每组词语中书写有误的一项，将序号填在括号里，并在横线上将其改正过来（1）A．殖民B．不足到 C．趣味误：____________ 正：____________（2）A．晋察冀B．拥护C．姿本误：____________ 正：____________（3）A．精溢求精B．解放C．悲痛误：____________ 正：____________（4）A．付责 B．医疗 C．佩服误：____________ 正：____________3、根据意思写成语。
（1）看到别的事物就改变原来的主意。
（）（2）指不关心别人，缺乏热情。
（）（3）接受工作时挑拣轻易的，害怕繁重的。
（）（4）态度冷淡，毫不关心。
（）4.请在括号内写出下列各句所用的修辞手法。
（1）这是什么精神？这是国际主义精神，这是共产主义精神。
（）（2）一个人能力有大小，但只要有这点精神，就是一个高尚的人，一个纯粹的人，一个有道德的人，5.《纪念白求恩》这篇文章题目中“纪念”二字揭示了文章的（）A写作目的与文章主旨B.文章内容与论述重点C.写作动机与论述缘由D.表达方式与论述方式6.分析下列句子，回答问题（1）出了一点力就觉得了不起，喜欢自吹，生怕人家不知道。
这句话中的“生怕”能否换成“很怕”、“害怕”，为什么？（2）从前线回来的人说到白求恩，没有一个不佩服，没有一个不为他的精神所感动。
这句话中的“没有一个不”能不能改为肯定句，为什么？（3）白求恩同志是一个医生，他以医疗为职业，对技术精益求精；在整个八路军医务系统中，他的医术是很高明的。
这句话中“在整个八路军医务系统中”能否去掉，为什么？【内容理解】7．用文中的话回答。
2022六年级下册语文自主学习能力测评答案
2022六年级下册语文自主学习能力测评答案1、1词鼎盛于唐代，它分小令和长短句。
[判断题] *对(正确答案)错2、15．下列词语中加点的字注音完全正确的一项是（）[单选题] *A．提防（tí）称职（chèn）狡黠（xiá）振聋发聩（kuì）B．氛围（fēn）憎恶（zēng）阴翳（yì）矫揉造作（jiāo）C．字帖（tiè）倔强（jué）叱咄（duō）吹毛求疵（cī）(正确答案)D．诡谲（jué）两栖（xī）愧怍（zuò）悲天悯人（mǐn）3、1《荷塘月色》《画里阴晴》《林教头风雪山神庙》的作者分别是朱自清、吴冠中、施耐庵。
[判断题] *对错(正确答案)4、50. 下列句子中加双引号成语使用恰当的一项是（）[单选题] *A．他自小家庭破裂，早早辍学，浪迹四方，以偷窃为生，成了“当之无愧”的神偷手。
B．博物馆里保存着大量有艺术价值的石刻作品，上面的各种花鸟虫兽、人物形象栩栩如生，"美轮美奂"。
C．夜幕中的雪野湖在星星点点的路灯下，光与影和谐交织，真是一幅"浮光掠影"的美丽画面。
D．袁隆平院士"潜心贯注"研究高产杂交水稻品种，为解决全世界人民温饱问题做出了巨大贡献。
(正确答案)5、下列中括号内字读音完全正确的一项是（）[单选题] *A.[正]月（zhēnɡ）[掺]和（cān）[翡]翠（fěi）水[浒]传（hǔ）B.[骡]马（lǘ）[似]的（shì）[藏]戏（zànɡ）吞[咽]（yàn）C.搅[和]（huo）汤[匙]（chí）嘟[囔]（nɑnɡ）[哄]堂大笑（hōnɡ）(正确答案)下列词语中，中括号内字注音全部正确的一项是（）[单选题] *6、1小说通过故事情节来展示人物性格，表现中心思想。
故事情节一般分为开端、发展、高潮、结局。
二年级语文下册自主学习参考答案
二年级语文下册《自主学习》参考答案第一单元参考答案1古诗二首练功房我会写。
化妆古诗村子儿童碧玉绿色雨丝剪刀我会连我会填1、草长莺飞二月天，拂堤杨柳醉春烟。
儿童散学归来早，忙趁东风放纸鸢。
2、碧玉妆成一树，万条垂下绿丝绦。
不知细叶谁裁出，二月春风似剪刀。
阅览室1、这首诗描写了春季的景色。
2、千朵万朵、压枝低，写出了花开保特别茂盛。
实践园春天的诗春晓春眠不觉晓，处处闻啼鸟。
夜来风雨声，花落知多少。
2、找春天练功房我会写冲出寻找姑娘吐气柳树桃子杏花荡秋千我会连我会填1、我们几个孩子脱掉棉袄，冲出家门，奔向田野，去寻找春天。
2、春天来了，我们看到了她，我们听到了她，我们闻到了她，我们触到了她。
我会连长长地柳丝是春天的秀发。
第1页共16页阅览室1、又大又红又高又壮又快又好2、5个自然段3、吃东西要先想到长辈，大家分享快乐才是最幸福的。
实践园春暖花开春意盎然鸟语花香百鸟争鸣百花齐放万紫千红3开满鲜花的小路练功房我会写邮递员邮局鲜花原来一堆礼物我会连我会仿1、温暖的阳光照在宽阔的大海上。
2、可爱的小鱼在大海里自由自在地游。
阅览室1、摆木板建工厂排废气倒垃圾喷农药砍树木2、答：“世界环境日”是每年6月5日。
因为人民拼命地建工厂、排废气，砍树、倒垃圾，喷农药，捕杀野生动物，进行战争和核试验，于是良田越来越少，动物和植物越来越少，河水空气越来越脏，所以人们设立了“世界环境日”白表达自己保护环境保护地球的决心。
3、答：地球原来是这样的。
：河水是清清的，天空是蓝蓝的，花草树木很茂盛，动物们自由自在地生活着。
现在的地球是这样的：森林和良田越来越少，动物和植物越来越少，河水，天空和空气都变得越来越脏。
4邓小平爷爷植树我会连我会变木一格（各格）木---直（植）（植物）人--木（休）（休息）自--心（息）（休息）我会写一个个柿子，就像小灯笼一样挂在树上。
第2页共16页我会填挖挑选移入填站看看说走扶正阅览室1、四句。
2、下课了，有的同学写作业，有的同学玩耍，有的同学打扫卫生。
四年级下科学《自主学习》参考答案
自主学习参考答案四年级下册科学第一单元热胀冷缩第1课温度计的秘密一、我想研究的问题:2、温度计的制作原理是什么？二、观察实验1、温度计为什么能够测量温度？我的观察：温度计有液泡、玻璃管、和刻度。
我的发现：温度计的红色液柱能上升和下降。
2、液体的热胀冷缩：我的猜想：液体有热胀冷缩的性质。
我的方案：运用水、酱油、饮料等做实验。
我的记录：水、酱油、饮料均受热体积膨胀，受冷体积收缩。
我的发现：液体有热胀冷缩的性质。
三、我的收获（1）膨胀缩小热胀冷缩（2）液体热胀冷缩（3）水结冰后体积变大。
四、拓展与应用冷敷有利于血管收缩止血。
第2课自行车胎为什么爆裂一、我想研究的问题:2、气体有热胀冷缩的性质吗？二观察实验1、夏天，自行车胎爆裂的原因我的猜想：空气受热，体积膨胀。
我的方案：把气球套在瓶口，把瓶子放在热水中。
我的发现：气球鼓起来，说明空气有热胀冷缩的性质。
2、固体在受热或遇冷时的变化我的猜想：固体也有热胀冷缩的性质。
我的方案：1、在木条上钉两个小钉，钉距为20cm，将细铜丝绷紧在两钉上。
2、点燃酒精灯，顺铜丝来回加热，观察铜丝变化。
3、熄灭酒精灯，观察铜丝有什么变化。
我的记录：受热体积膨胀。
遇冷体积缩小。
我的发现：固体有热胀冷缩的性质。
三我的收获1、填一填（1）气体液体固体（2）气体固体（3）热胀冷缩2、小法官（1）错（2）对3、我会选（1）1 （2）2四、拓展与应用因为冬天瓶盖受冷收缩。
单元活动一、我的收获1、我会填（1）上升下降（2）热胀冷缩（3）气体受热体积膨胀（4）空气膨胀2、小法官（1）错（2）错（3）对（4）错（5）对二、生活中的科学1、瓶装饮料一般不装满，为什么？是为了防止夏天温度高，饮料受热体积膨胀而爆裂。
2、冬天，钢笔毛有时拧不开，是什么原因？因为笔帽受冷收缩。
3、夏天，电工架电线时，为什么把电线放得松一些？为了防止冬天电线受冷断开。
4、烧水时，为什么水壶里的水不能装的太满？防止水受热膨胀留出来。
自主学习总答案
绪言化学使世界变得更加绚丽多彩自主学习1、化学2、道尔顿阿伏伽德罗3、门捷列夫第一单元走进化学世界课题1 物质的变化和性质自主学习1、物理形态水蒸发、纸张破损等2、化学化学铁生锈、食物变馊等3、新物质一定不一定4、放出气体能量放热发光5、化学可燃氧化6、物理颜色状态气味密度熔点沸点第一单元走进化学世界课题2 化学是一门以实验为基础的科学自主学习1、实验实验2、实验科学探究3、外焰外焰4、干冷澄清石灰水5、性质变化变化的过程以及对结果6、固液气固7、减少增多第一单元走进化学世界课题3 走进化学实验室(第一课时)自主学习1、广口瓶细口瓶2、手味道气味3、1~2 底部4、胶头滴管镊子药勺纸槽底部5、瓶塞标签试剂瓶口6、最低小大大小7、左物右码纸片小烧杯或玻璃器皿砝游第二课时自主学习1、燃着点燃灯帽2、外焰下1/3 45°试管口3、水灯芯冷实验4、股水滴5、小气泡第二单元 我们周围的空气 课题1 空气(第一课时)自主学习 1、拉瓦锡 氧气 氮气2、红磷 + 氧气 → 五氧化二磷 P + O 2 → P 2O 5白烟 1/5 烟雾 空气 白 固 暗红 固 氧气 气密 室温 红磷第二课时自主学习 1、体积 78% 21% 0.94% 0.03% 0.03%2、混合物 空气、河水 纯净物 氮气、氧气、五氧化二磷3、无 无 略小 难 稳定 保护气 黑4、氦、氖、氩、氪、氙、氡 无 无 稳定 惰 电光源5、全球气候变暖 臭氧层空洞 酸雨6、空气越洁净 空气污染越严重第二单元 我们周围的空气 课题2 氧气(第一课时)自主学习1、无 无 大 不易 淡蓝 蓝 淡蓝2、复燃3、碳 + 氧气 → 二氧化碳 C + O 2 → CO 2 红或黄 白 浑浊 CO 24、硫 + 氧气 → 二氧化硫 S + O 2 → SO 2 淡蓝 明亮的蓝紫 无 刺激 淡黄 固 SO 25、剧烈 氧气第二课时自主学习1、铁 + 氧气 → 四氧化三铁 Fe + O 2 → Fe 3O 4 火星 黑 固 接触面积 瓶底2、化合3、氧 氧4、氧 氧化 氧化 助燃 呼吸 燃烧5、缓慢 呼吸 生锈第二单元 我们周围的空气 课题3 制取氧气(第一课时)自主学习1、过氧化氢 → 水 + 氧气 H 2O 2 → H 2O + O 2 黑 固2、改变 质量 化学3、氯酸钾 → 氯化钾 + 氧气 KClO 3→ KCl + O 2 白 固 水 上 瓶口 空气 导管 酒精灯 冷凝水 固 加热第二课时自主学习1、高锰酸钾→锰酸钾+二氧化锰+氧气 KMnO 4→K 2MnO 4+MnO 2+O 2 暗紫 固2、棉花3、分解4、沸点 低 物理 膜分离点燃 点燃点燃点燃 点燃点燃二氧化锰MnO 2MnO 2二氧化锰点燃点燃第三单元 物质构成的奥秘 课题1 分子和原子自主学习1、分子、原子、离子2、很小 运动 间隔 小 原子3、酚酞 浓氨水 酚酞 5、化学性质 化学 化学 原子 原子 分子 6、化学 化学 7、不同(多) 同(一) 间隔 分子第三单元 物质构成的奥秘 课题2 原子的结构(第一课时)自主学习1、原子核 中子 质子 核外电子 质子数=核外电子数 原子核 氢原子2、12 1.66×10—27 1 中子 质子3、6 6 14、张青莲第二课时自主学习3、2 8 8 相对稳定 5、 6、锂 氧 镁 钾7、8 2 少于 失去 多于 得到 8、最外层第三课时自主学习1、带电 4、失去 > 得到 < 5、阳 阴 6、Mg 2+ S 2— 7、离子 8、宏 微 9、OH — SO 42— CO 32— NO 3 — NH 4+第三单元 物质构成的奥秘 课题3 元素自主学习1、质子 原子2、质子数 不3、质量 种类 个数 元素 质量 种类 个数 原子4、氧、硅、铝、铁、钙 6、元素 原子 7、原子序数 周期 族 8、门捷列夫2 8 2 +12 2 83 +13 2 8 7 +17 +8 2 6 +6 24 +12 2 8 2 8 8 +16第四单元 自然界的水 课题1 爱护水资源自主学习1、71 水 1%2、六 人民生活 经济发展3、水 水体污染4、水的利用效益 新技术 工艺 习惯5、工业 农业 生活第四单元 自然界的水 课题2 水的净化自主学习2、胶状物3、滤纸 滤纸 滤液 玻璃棒 三 尖端 破损 高 仪器4、钙、镁 钙、镁 肥皂 硬 软5、煮沸 蒸馏 暴沸 进 出第四单元 自然界的水 课题3 水的组成自主学习1、无 无 难 小 氢气+氧气 → 水 H 2+ O 2 → H 2O2、纯度 4、1:2 复燃 氧气(O 2) 淡蓝 氢气(H 2) 8:1硫酸钠(Na 2SO 4) 氢氧化钠(NaOH) 水 → 氧气+氢气 H 2O → O 2+H 25、氢 氧 氢 氧 氢 氧7、同 纯净 不同 纯净 两 氧 化合第四单元 自然界的水 课题4 化学式与化合价(第一课时)自主学习1、元素符号 数字2、一3、实验的结果4、宏 微5、2H 2O nH 2O6、元素符号 原子7、零 前 后第二课时自主学习2、正 负 －2 +1 正 负 0 0 正 负 电荷 4、+6 +4 +5 －3 +5 +7 +6 5、－1 －3 －3 +5 FeO·Fe 2O 3第三课时自主学习1、总和 1通电通电点燃点燃+2 +3化学式书写专题训练一、单质的化学式1、K Ca Na Mg Al Zn Fe Sn Pb（H）Cu Hg Ag Pt Au2、He Ne Ar3、C Si S P4、H2O2N2Cl2二、化合物的化学式1、H2O H2O2CO2CO SO2NO2SiO2P2O5K2O CaONa2O MgO Al2O3ZnO Fe2O3FeO Fe3O4CuO MnO2HgO2、HCl H2SO4HNO3H2CO33、NH3·H2O(NH4OH) KOH NaOH Ba(OH)2Ca(OH)2Mg(OH)2Al(OH)3Zn(OH)2Fe(OH)2Fe(OH)3Cu(OH)24、NH4Cl KCl NaCl BaCl2CaCl2MgCl2AlCl3ZnCl2FeCl2FeCl3CuCl2AgCl5、(NH4)2SO4K2SO4Na2SO4BaSO4CaSO4MgSO4Al2(SO4)3ZnSO4FeSO4Fe2(SO4)3CuSO4Ag2SO46、NH4NO3KNO3NaNO3Ba(NO3)2Ca(NO3)2Mg(NO3)2Al(NO3)3Zn(NO3)2Fe(NO3)2Fe(NO3)3Cu(NO3)2AgNO37、(NH4)2CO3K2CO3Na2CO3BaCO3CaCO3MgCO3ZnCO3FeCO3CuCO3Ag2CO3NH4HCO3NaHCO38、KMnO4K2MnO4KClO3三、离子符号的书写H+Na+Mg2+Al3+S2—Cl—K+Ca2+Cu2+Ag+Zn2+Ba2+Fe3+Fe2+NH4+OH—NO3—SO42—CO32—第五单元 化学方程式 课题1 质量守恒定律(第一课时)自主学习1、缓冲 鼓起 变瘪 平衡2、铁+硫酸铜→铜+硫酸亚铁 Fe+CuSO 4→Cu+Fe SO 4 红 蓝 浅绿 平衡3、等于 化学 总和 密封 种类 数目 质量4、碳酸钠+盐酸→氯化钠+水+二氧化碳 Na 2CO 3+HCl→NaCl+H 2O +CO 2↑ 气泡 不平衡5、镁+氧气→氧化镁 Mg+ O 2 → MgO 白光 白 白烟 银白 白 固 不平衡第二课时自主学习1、种类 数目 质量 总质量 元素 分子 物质 化合价 分子数目2、化学式 相对分子质量 个数 2 1 2 4 32 36第五单元 化学方程式 课题2 如何正确的书写化学方程式自主学习1、基础 质量守恒2、反应 生成 + 小 10 5 2 4第五单元 化学方程式 课题3 利用化学方程式的简单计算(第一课时)自主学习2、下 =点燃点燃前五单元所学化学方程式1、①4P+5O 2 = 2P 2O 5 白烟 ②C + O 2 = CO 2 红/黄 白③S + O 2 = SO 2 淡蓝 明亮的蓝紫色 ④2Mg+ O 2 = 2MgO 白 白烟 白色固体 ⑤2H 2+ O 2 = 2H 2O 淡蓝⑥3Fe+2O 2 = Fe 3O 4 火星 黑色固体2、①2H 2O 2 = 2H 2O + O 2↑ ②2KClO 3 = 2KCl + 3O 2↑ ③2KMnO 4= K 2MnO 4 + MnO 2 + O 2↑3、CaCO 3 = CaO+ CO 2↑4、2H 2O = 2H 2↑+ O 2↑ 氧气 氢气 1:2 8:15、Fe+ CuSO 4=Cu + FeSO 4 红 蓝 浅绿6、CuO + H 2 = Cu + H 2O 黑 红 小水珠7、Na 2CO 3 + 2HCl = 2NaCl + CO 2↑+ H 2O高温通电 MnO 2MnO 2 点燃 点燃 点燃 点燃 点燃点燃第六单元 碳和碳的氧化物 课题1 金刚石、石墨和C 60 (第一课时)自主学习1、八面 无 硬 电2、深灰 金属光泽 不透明细鳞片 导电3、排列方式 网 层4、碳单质 石墨5、疏松多孔 吸附6、单质 分子 60 足球第二课时自主学习1、不活泼 42、C+ O 2 = CO 2 2C+ O 2 = 2CO 还原2CuO + C = 2Cu + CO 2↑ 黑 红 浑浊 温度 氧化 还原 还原 氧化 3、3+2 = 4Fe+3CO 2↑ 2 + 1 = 3Fe+2CO 2↑ 1 + 1 = 2CO 1 + 1 = CO+ H 2第六单元 碳和碳的氧化物 课题2 二氧化碳制取的研究(第一课时)自主学习1、2H 2O 2 2H 2O + O 2↑ 2KClO 3 = 2KCl + 3O 2↑ 2KMnO 4 = K 2MnO 4 + MnO 2 + O 2↑2、CaCO 3 = CaO+ CO 2↑3、状态 反应条件4、水溶性 密度 水 水 大 小 295、A 或B 或D E E G 或I G 或I G 或I第二课时自主学习1、大理石或石灰石 稀盐酸 CaCO 3+ 2HCl = CaCl 2+CO 2↑+H 2O CaSO 4 快 液封 上 瓶口 石灰水2、浑浊3、固液不需要加热第六单元 碳和碳的氧化物 课题3 二氧化碳和一氧化碳(第一课时)自主学习1、分子2、无 无 大 可3、燃烧 燃烧 CO 2 + H 2O = H 2CO 3 H 2CO 3 = CO 2↑+H 2O Ca(OH)2 + CO 2 = CaCO 3↓+ H 2O CO4、燃烧 燃烧 密度大于空气 干冰 升华5、温室 O 3、CH 4、氟氯代烷第二课时自主学习 1、无 无 难 小2、血红蛋白 2CO+O 2 = 2CO 2 蓝 2H 2+O 2 = 2H 2O 淡蓝 CuO + CO = Cu + CO 2 黑 红 浑浊 CuO + H 2 = Cu + H 2O 黑 红 小水珠 爆炸 氧化铜 尾气 剧毒 烧掉3、3+1 = 2Fe+3CO 2 4+1 = 3Fe+4CO 2 3+1 = 2Fe+3H 2O 4+1 = 3Fe+4H 2O4、上：2CO+O 2 = 2CO 2 中：C+CO 2 = 2CO 2C+ O 2 = 2CO 下：C+ O 2 = CO 25、燃料 冶炼金属点燃点燃高温MnO 2MnO 2高温 点燃点燃高温高温高温高温高温高温点燃高温点燃点燃第七单元 燃料及其利用 课题1 燃烧和灭火自主学习1、氧气 氧化2、可燃物 有氧气或空气 着火点3、燃烧 可燃物 氧气或空气 着火点4、水基型 干粉 二氧化碳5、Na 2CO 3 + 2HCl = 2NaCl + CO 2↑+ H 2O6、爆炸7、气球爆炸 轮胎爆炸第七单元 燃料及其利用 课题2 燃料的合理利用与开发(第一课时)自主学习1、热量 吸热2、煤 石油 天然气 煤 石油 不可再生3、化学4、沸点 物理5、CO CH 4 H 26、CH 4 无 无 小 难 CH 4 + 2O 2 = CO 2 + 2H 2O 蓝 产物7、CH 4·nH 2O8、碳 碳第二课时自主学习1、空气 接触面积2、环境 资源枯竭3、酒精 C 2H 5OH 可再生 C 2H 5OH + 3O 2 = 2CO 2 + 3H 2O4、无 无 难 小 理想 2H 2+O 2 = 2H 2O 大 原料 污染小 电能 熔沸点低5、Zn + H 2SO 4= ZnSO 4 + H 2↑ 固液不需要加热 排水 下6、太阳 风点燃点燃 点燃第八单元 金属和金属材料 课题1 金属材料自主学习 1、Al 、Fe 、Ca Fe 、Al 、Cu2、金属光泽 导电性 导热性 延展性 大 大 高3、Ca Ag Cr W Hg Ag4、性质 价格 资源5、合金 变大 降低 生铁 钢 碳 2%~4.3% 0.03%~2% 铜锡 不锈钢 黄铜 铜锌 75%6、钛 钛合金第八单元 金属和金属材料 课题2 金属的化学性质(第一课时)自主学习 1、4Al + 3O 2 = 2Al 2O 3 2、活泼性3、1+ 2 = MgCl 2 + H 2↑ 1 + 1 = MgSO 4 + H 2↑ 1+ 2 = ZnCl 2 + H 2↑ 1 +1 = ZnSO 4 + H 2↑ 1+ 2 = FeCl 2 + H 2↑ 1 + 1 = FeSO 4 + H 2↑ 1 + 1 =不反应 1 + 1 =不反应 Mg Fe 无明显现象 Mg>Zn>Fe>Cu4、置换5、2 + 6 = 2AlCl 3 + 3H 2↑ 2 + 3 = Al 2(SO 4)3 + 3H 2↑第二课时自主学习 1、2 + 3 = Al 2(SO 4)3 + 3Cu 1 + 2 = Cu(NO 3)2 + 2Ag红 蓝 无 银白 无 蓝 Al>Cu>Ag2、K Ca Na Mg Al Zn Fe Sn Pb （H ）Cu Hg Ag Pt Au3、越强 氢 氢元素 化合物溶液里第三课时自主学习 1、活泼 反 正第八单元 金属和金属材料 课题3 金属资源的利用和保护(第一课时)自主学习1、Fe 2O 3 FeCO 3 Fe 3O 4 Al 2O 3 Cu 2S2、春秋战国3、铁矿石 焦炭 石灰石 Fe 2O 3 + 3CO = 2Fe + 3CO 2 红 黑 浑浊 爆炸 加热 通CO第二课时自主学习1、20%~40% 氧气 水 Fe 2O 3·xH 2O2、保持干燥 涂油漆 制成合金 镀一层金属3、金属的回收利用 有计划、合理地开采矿物 金属代用品Rm ·n 高温第九单元 溶液 课题1 溶液的形成(第一课时)自主学习1、均一 稳定 混合物 溶质 溶剂 水均一 稳定 水 质 剂2、溶质 溶剂3、不变 升高 固体NaOH 、浓H 2SO4、生石灰 降低 NH 4NO 3第二课时自主学习1、小液滴 固体小颗粒 均一 稳定2、乳化3、搅拌 升温 研碎4、降低 升高第九单元 溶液 课题2 溶解度(第一课时)自主学习 1、饱和 不饱和 3、不能 可以5、(上)加溶质、降温(大多数物质)、恒温蒸发溶剂 (下)加溶剂、升温(大多数物质)6、饱和7、降温 蒸发第二课时自主学习1、温度 100 饱和 质量 温度 100 饱和 克定值 溶质 溶剂 温度2、难 微 可 易3、溶解度 大4、饱和 不饱和 相等第三课时自主学习 1、增大 不大 降低 2、蒸发 降温 冷却热的饱和溶液3、101KPa 一定温度 压强 温度 越小 增加第九单元 溶液 课题3 溶质的质量分数(第一课时)自主学习1、 2、溶液 溶液 密度 ρV3、质量 体积 天平 量筒 烧杯 玻璃棒 试剂瓶 标签4、小 大 大 小第二课时自主学习 1、溶质溶液质量 溶质质量溶质质量+溶剂质量溶质质量第十单元酸和碱课题3 常见的酸和碱(第一课时)自主学习1、⑤⑥①②③④⑦⑧2、电离3、自由移动4、H++Cl–2H++SO42–H++NO3–Na++OH–K++OH–Ca2++2OH–Na++ Cl–2K++SO42–Ca2++2NO3–NH4++ Cl–Na++ H++SO42–5、H+盐6、OH–7、阳阴8、H+OH–9、指示剂石蕊酚酞10、紫红紫蓝无色无红第二课时自主学习1、无刺激性挥发胃2、吸水脱水3、浓硫酸水水浓硫酸4、H+5、红不变2 + 1 = MgCl2 + H2↑ 1 +1 = ZnSO4 + H2↑6 + 2 = 2AlCl3 + 3H2↑ 1 + 1 = FeSO4 + H2↑6+ 1 = 2FeCl3+ 3H2O 黄3+ 1 = Fe2(SO4)3 + 3H2O 黄1 + 1 = CuSO4 + H2O 蓝第三课时自主学习1、烧碱火碱苛性钠潮解2、熟石灰消石灰3、OH–4、蓝红1+1= CaCO3↓+ H2O 2 + 1 = Na2CO3 + H2O2 + 1 = Na2SO3 + H2O 2 + 1 = Na2SO4 + H2O第十单元酸和碱课题2 酸和碱的中和反应(第一课时)自主学习1、中和2、H+OH–H2O3、1 + 1 = NaCl+ H2O 1 + 3 = AlCl3 + 3H2O2 + 1 = K2CO3 + 2H2O 1 + 2 = CaCl2+ 2H2O2 +3 = Fe2(SO4)3 + 6H2O 1 + 1 = MgSO4+ 2H2O第二课时自主学习1、酸碱度2、0~14 中酸酸碱碱3、玻璃棒标准比色卡5、偏大偏小不变6、酸第十一单元盐化肥课题1 生活中常见的盐(第一课时) 自主学习1、食盐0.9 2、过滤蒸发3、玻璃棒固体5、纯碱苏打6、小苏打7、补钙第二课时自主学习1、1 +1 = NaCl + H2O + CO2↑ 1 + 2 = 2NaCl + H2O + CO2↑1+1=BaSO4↓+2HCl 1+ 1 = AgCl↓+ HNO3白白2、2 + 1 = Cu(OH)2↓+ Na2SO4蓝 3 + 1 = Fe(OH)3↓+ 3NaCl 红褐1 + 1 = 2NaOH + CaCO3↓3、1 + 1 = BaCO3↓+ 2NaCl 白 1 + 1 = CaCO3↓+ 2NaCl 白4、2 +3 = Al2(SO4)3 + 3Cu 1 + 1 = FeSO4 + Cu5、复分解化合价水气体沉淀第十一单元盐化肥课题2 化学肥料自主学习1、氮肥磷肥钾肥2、CO(NH2)2NH3·H2O NH4HCO3NH4Cl NH4NO3NaNO33、复合4、看闻溶烧加碱4、1 + 2 = CaCl2 + 2H2O + 2NH3↑5、有氨气体第十二单元化学与生活课题1 人类重要的营养物质自主学习1、蛋白质糖类油脂六大基本营养素蛋白质氨基酸2、C H O 属于葡萄糖60%~70%3、很小新陈代谢夜盲症败血症第十二单元化学与生活课题2 化学元素与人体健康自主学习1、50 11 碳氢无机盐O、C、H2、常量微量身体健康3、骨骼牙齿佝偻骨质疏松多4、贫血癌症中毒甲状腺肿大甲状腺肿大龋齿第十二单元化学与生活课题3 有机合成材料自主学习1、塑料合成纤维合成橡胶2、聚乙烯聚氯乙烯电木电玉3、合成天然4、燃烧5、白色污染。
第一课自主学习答案
1.1 参考答案自主学习一、1.阶级统治2.阶级性3.占统治地位的阶级的性质二、1.(1)工人阶级工农联盟(2)占全国人口绝大多数的人民极少数敌视和破坏社会主义事业的敌人(3)人民当家作主2.(1)①民主权利②民主主体社会主义事业建设者拥护祖国统一的爱国者(2)制度法律物质广大人民的利益得到日益充分的实现人民民主的真实性三、1.立国之本政治基石政治保证①人民当家作主权利和自由人权②敌人人民民主2.依法治国社会主义文化课堂探究探究一:我国国家政权的领导阶级是工人阶级,阶级基础是工农联盟。
最大特点在于占人口绝大多数的人民掌握政权,享有民主,对极少数敌人实行专政。
因此,我国政权的本质是人民当家作主。
人民当家作主主要体现在人民享有的民主权利方面。
探究二:(1)人民民主的广泛性,一是表现在人民享有广泛的民主权利;二是表现在民主主体的广泛性。
我国现阶段享有民主权利的主体包括工人、农民、知识分子、干部、解放军指战员和其他社会主义劳动者、社会主义事业建设者、拥护社会主义的爱国者、拥护祖国统一的爱国者在内的全体人民。
(2)人民民主的真实性,一是表现在人民享有的民主权利有制度、法律和物质的保障;二是表现在随着经济发展和社会进步,广大人民的利益得到日益充分的实现。
此外,尊重和保障人权,是人民民主真实性的一个重要表现。
探究三:中国的经济社会的发展事实说明,新中国建立后我国在人权保护方面取得显著成就。
人权不是空洞的,而是具体的、相对的,它包括政治、经济、文化等很多方面。
生存权和发展权是首要的基本的人权。
保护人权的根本途径是经济的快速发展和社会的全面进步。
探究四:国家依法打击极少数敌人的破坏活动,依法打击各种犯罪活动,以维护社会治安和社会秩序,保护国家、集体和公民的合法权益不受侵犯,保障人民民主,保卫社会主义现代化建设。
探究五:首先,民主是一种国家制度,是与专制独裁制度相对立的。
其次,民主具有阶级性,它的平等、少数服从多数、共同管理国家的原则,都是在一定阶级范围内的,是在统治阶级内部进行的,只适用于统治阶级,而不适用于被统治阶级。
新青岛版小学科学二年级下册自主学习参考答案
第一单元 位置与方向1.前后左右★观察实验●仔细观察，说一说他们的位置。
①左 右②4 3①小玉 小华②3 小东2.太阳的位置与方向★观察实验●早晨，当你面向太阳，你的左边是北方，右边是南方。
●中午，当你面向太阳，你的前边是南方，后边是北方，左边是东方，右边是西方。
傍晚，当你面向太阳，你的前边是西方，后边是东方，左边是南方，右边是北方。
●早晨，小朋友和爷爷在晨练。
爷爷 南 房子等方向拓展与应用指南针、树冠的疏密、树桩年轮的疏密、房屋的朝向、太阳能热水器的朝向等。
3.我在哪里★观察实验●仔细观察，用东西南北描述他们的位置。
东 南●仔细观察，用远近描述小雨的位置。
远 近●略●东 西 南 北 远 近（只要是表示方位的词就可以）单元活动一、我的收获1.小法官√ √ √ √ × × √2.我会选（1）②① （2）② （3）③ （4）① （5）①二、生活中的科学1.略2.面对北极星，前面是北，后面是南，左面是西，右面是东。
第二单元 磁铁4.认识磁极★观察实验●磁铁的哪个部分吸铁多？圈一圈吧。
两 磁极●观察磁极的指向。
不同 南极 S 北极 N拓展与应用摔碎的每一块小磁铁会有两个磁极。
5.磁极的秘密★观察实验●让两块磁铁的磁极分别相互靠近，有什么发现?相同磁极排斥，不同磁极吸引。
●玩磁铁小游戏。
①我的发现：磁铁都有两个磁极，相同磁极相互排斥，不同磁极相互吸引。
③用已知N、S极的磁铁分别靠近两个盒子，只出现吸引现象的盒子内是铁， 既出现吸引现象又出现排斥现象的盒子内是磁铁。
6.指南针★观察实验●认识指南针2.方向指示盘 磁针 外壳3.野外探险、军事行动、航海、户外运动等。
4.我国古代 司南 罗盘●怎样使用指南针？3 1 2●你是怎样制作指南针的？3 4 1 2同一方向单元活动一、我的收获1.小法官√ √ √ × √ √ × √ √ √2.我会选（1）② （2）④ （3）②3.排排序（1）③④①②（2）②③①二、生活中的科学1.野外探险、军事行动、航海、户外运动等。
三年级语文下册《自主学习》参考答案
三年级语⽂下册《⾃主学习》参考答案三年级语⽂下册《⾃主学习》参考答案第⼀单元参考答案1、古诗三⾸⾃学提⽰1、（1）鸳鸯yuān yāng (2)蒌蒿lóu hāo(3)⼭⾏shān xíng2、（1）唐杜甫《绝句-两个黄鹂鸣翠柳》（2）宋苏轼宋诗画巩固运⽤1、鸳鸯芦芽梅花⼩溪优惠崇⾼减少⼴泛2、（1）2（2）23、（1）泥融飞燕⼦，沙暖睡鸳鸯。
（2）春天到来，万物复苏，⼭⽔秀丽静的景物有：⽵⼦桃花蒌蒿芦芽动的景物有：鸭⼦4、诗意：⼭路上苍翠的树，与来的时候⼀样浓密，在这幽静的环境中⾛着，不时深林丛中传来⼏声黄鹂的欢鸣声，⽐来时更增添了些幽趣。
可能想象到的画⾯：苍翠的树林欢鸣的鸟⼉⼭林中游玩的游客。
（根据诗境，展开⾃⼰的联想，再写⼀写吧。
）拓展阅读把古诗读熟练，结合注释理解诗的意思，说给同学听。
试⼀试能背诵并默写下来吗？2 燕⼦⾃学提⽰1、2、读⼀读，记⼀记，再说⼏个这样的词语吧。
⽟盘似的⽉亮聪明伶俐的⼩猴⼦绚丽多彩的春天苍翠⽆⽐的树林巩固运⽤1、吹拂聚集外形偶尔飞倦掠过2、轻快的翅膀乌⿊的⽻⽑剪⼑似的尾巴可爱的燕⼦如⽑的细⾬翠绿的柔柳3、（1）外形把尾巴⽐作剪⼑。
（2）⼩花猫的脑袋圆圆的，顶着⼀对尖尖的⽿朵，那两只有神的眼睛就像两个⼩绿灯。
拓展阅读1、威武——威风2、⼩明这次考试不及格，像霜打的茄⼦似的低着头。
3、答：形姿勇敢的性格威武勇敢3 荷花⾃学提⽰1、(1)花⾻朵⼉gū⾻头gǔ⾻⽓gǔ（2）挨挨挤挤āi挨着āi挨打ái2、⼀⽚（花瓣）⼀朵（荷花）⼀幅（图画）嫩黄的（莲蓬）碧绿的（荷叶）雪⽩的（⾐裳）3、叶圣陶叶圣陶(1894--1988) 原名绍钧，字秉⾂，主要笔名有叶匋、圣陶、桂⼭等。
江苏苏州⼈，著名作家、教育家、出版家和社会活动家。
巩固运⽤1、仿佛饱胀姿势莲蓬2、（1）1 （2）3 （3）2 （4）23、4、（蜻蜓）飞过来，告诉我清晨飞⾏的快乐，⼩鱼在脚下游过，告诉我昨夜做的好梦……（1）C（2）C扩展阅读1、本⽂是围绕“⼭茶花真是美极了。
三年级语文下册《自主学习》参考答案
三年级语文下册《自主学习》参考答案第一单元参考答案1、古诗三首自学提示1、（1）鸳鸯yuān yāng (2)蒌蒿lóu hāo(3)山行shān xíng2、（1）唐杜甫《绝句-两个黄鹂鸣翠柳》（2）宋苏轼宋诗画巩固运用1、鸳鸯芦芽梅花小溪优惠崇高减少广泛2、（1）2（2）23、（1）泥融飞燕子，沙暖睡鸳鸯。
（2）春天到来，万物复苏，山水秀丽静的景物有：竹子桃花蒌蒿芦芽动的景物有：鸭子4、诗意：山路上苍翠的树，与来的时候一样浓密，在这幽静的环境中走着，不时深林丛中传来几声黄鹂的欢鸣声，比来时更增添了些幽趣。
可能想象到的画面：苍翠的树林欢鸣的鸟儿山林中游玩的游客。
（根据诗境，展开自己的联想，再写一写吧。
）拓展阅读把古诗读熟练，结合注释理解诗的意思，说给同学听。
试一试能背诵并默写下来吗？2 燕子自学提示1、2、读一读，记一记，再说几个这样的词语吧。
玉盘似的月亮聪明伶俐的小猴子绚丽多彩的春天苍翠无比的树林巩固运用1、吹拂聚集外形偶尔飞倦掠过2、轻快的翅膀乌黑的羽毛剪刀似的尾巴可爱的燕子如毛的细雨翠绿的柔柳3、（1）外形把尾巴比作剪刀。
（2）小花猫的脑袋圆圆的，顶着一对尖尖的耳朵，那两只有神的眼睛就像两个小绿灯。
拓展阅读1、威武——威风2、小明这次考试不及格，像霜打的茄子似的低着头。
3、答：形姿勇敢的性格威武勇敢3 荷花自学提示1、(1)花骨朵儿gū骨头gǔ骨气gǔ（2）挨挨挤挤āi挨着āi挨打ái2、一片（花瓣）一朵（荷花）一幅（图画）嫩黄的（莲蓬）碧绿的（荷叶）雪白的（衣裳）3、叶圣陶叶圣陶(1894--1988) 原名绍钧，字秉臣，主要笔名有叶匋、圣陶、桂山等。
江苏苏州人，著名作家、教育家、出版家和社会活动家。
巩固运用1、仿佛饱胀姿势莲蓬2、（1）1 （2）3 （3）2 （4）23、4、（蜻蜓）飞过来，告诉我清晨飞行的快乐，小鱼在脚下游过，告诉我昨夜做的好梦……（1）C（2）C扩展阅读1、本文是围绕“山茶花真是美极了。
四年级下科学《自主学习》参考答案
四年级下科学《⾃主学习》参考答案⾃主学习参考答案四年级下册科学第⼀单元热胀冷缩第1课温度计的秘密⼀、我想研究的问题:2、温度计的制作原理是什么？⼆、观察实验1、温度计为什么能够测量温度？我的观察：温度计有液泡、玻璃管、和刻度。
我的发现：温度计的红⾊液柱能上升和下降。
2、液体的热胀冷缩：我的猜想：液体有热胀冷缩的性质。
我的⽅案：运⽤⽔、酱油、饮料等做实验。
我的记录：⽔、酱油、饮料均受热体积膨胀，受冷体积收缩。
我的发现：液体有热胀冷缩的性质。
三、我的收获（1）膨胀缩⼩热胀冷缩（2）液体热胀冷缩（3）⽔结冰后体积变⼤。
四、拓展与应⽤冷敷有利于⾎管收缩⽌⾎。
第2课⾃⾏车胎为什么爆裂⼀、我想研究的问题:2、⽓体有热胀冷缩的性质吗？⼆观察实验1、夏天，⾃⾏车胎爆裂的原因我的猜想：空⽓受热，体积膨胀。
我的⽅案：把⽓球套在瓶⼝，把瓶⼦放在热⽔中。
我的发现：⽓球⿎起来，说明空⽓有热胀冷缩的性质。
2、固体在受热或遇冷时的变化我的猜想：固体也有热胀冷缩的性质。
我的⽅案：1、在⽊条上钉两个⼩钉，钉距为20cm，将细铜丝绷紧在两钉上。
2、点燃酒精灯，顺铜丝来回加热，观察铜丝变化。
3、熄灭酒精灯，观察铜丝有什么变化。
我的记录：受热体积膨胀。
遇冷体积缩⼩。
我的发现：固体有热胀冷缩的性质。
三我的收获1、填⼀填（1）⽓体液体固体（2）⽓体固体（3）热胀冷缩2、⼩法官（1）错（2）对3、我会选（1）1 （2）2四、拓展与应⽤因为冬天瓶盖受冷收缩。
单元活动⼀、我的收获1、我会填（1）上升下降（2）热胀冷缩（3）⽓体受热体积膨胀（4）空⽓膨胀2、⼩法官（1）错（2）错（3）对（4）错（5）对⼆、⽣活中的科学1、瓶装饮料⼀般不装满，为什么？是为了防⽌夏天温度⾼，饮料受热体积膨胀⽽爆裂。
2、冬天，钢笔⽑有时拧不开，是什么原因？因为笔帽受冷收缩。
3、夏天，电⼯架电线时，为什么把电线放得松⼀些？为了防⽌冬天电线受冷断开。
4、烧⽔时，为什么⽔壶⾥的⽔不能装的太满？防⽌⽔受热膨胀留出来。
自主学习3-答案
自主学习3Part I Reading prehension (40 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list ofchoices given in a word bank following the passage. Read thepassage through carefully before making your choices. Eachchoice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please write thecorresponding letter for each item in the blank. You may notuse any of the words in the bank more than once. Questions 1 to 10 are based on the following passage.Domestic laws, not a global treaty, are the way to fight global warming. Governments like to cite 1)__constraints(限制)--- such as meeting the conditions for an international difficulty--- when pushing through unpopular policies. But with measures to 2)___with climate change, the opposite prevails. Each round of intergovernmental talks on cutting 3)___and pensating victims seems to achieve less than the one before. Meanwhile, according to a new study the number of new domestic environment laws rose quickly. And the overall trend is a strong increase in legal activism. Last year Me*ico passed an important law to guide all its climate-change 4)___.Some people define what counts as a climate law is hard when somuch 5)___the environment. The number of laws alone is not the6)___measure: some are prehensive and other specific. Rules set by other layers of government may7)___more than the national kind. And just because a law passes does not mean it will do any good. Yet Sam Fankhauser of the London School of Economics says the rise in national legislation helps stop the skeptics’claim that it is self-defeating for a country to act alone on climate change. He also points out that many big countries still have a way to go. The study8)___the weak link between global action and domestic change. Holdinga big climate conference 9)___a series of laws a couple of years later. But by and 10)___voters appear more willing to accept domestic environmental laws than international ones.1---5 FCELA 6---10 BKONHSection BDirections:In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement containsinformation given in one of the paragraphs. Identify theparagraph from which the information is derived. You maychoose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph ismarked with a letter. Answer the questions by writing thecorresponding letter in the blank.Why Your Name MattersA)In 1948, two professors at Harvard University published a study ofthirty-three hundred men who had recently graduated, looking at whether their names had any bearing on their academic performance. The men with unusual names, the study found, were more likely to have flunked out (因不及格而退学) or to have e*hibited symptoms of psychological neurosis than those with more mon names. The Mikes were doing just fine, but the Berriens were having trouble. A rare name, the professors surmised(推测), had a negative psychological effect on its bearer.B)Since then, researchers have continued to study the effects of names,and, in the decades after the 1948 study, these findings have been widely reproduced. Some recent research suggests that names can influence choice of profession, where we live, whom we marry, thegrades we earn, the stocks we invest in, whether we’re accepted to a school or are hired for a particular job, and the quality of our work in a group setting. Our names can even determine whether we give money to disaster victims: if we share an initial with thename of a hurricane, according to one study,we are far more likely to donate to relief funds after it hits.C)Much of the apparent influence of names on behavior has beenattributed to what’s known as the implicit-egotism effect: we are generally drawn to the things and people that most resemble us.Because we value and identify with our own namesand initials, we prefer things that have something in mon with them.D)That view, however, may not withstand closer scrutiny. Thepsychologist Uri Simonsohnhas questioned many ofthe studies that claim to demonstrate the implicit-egotism effect, arguing that the findings are statistical flukes(幸运) that arise from poor methodology."It’s like a magician,〞Simonsohn told me. "He shows you a trick, an d you say, ‘I know it’s not real, but how did he pull it off"’ It’s all in the methodology.〞A problem that he cites in some of these studies is an ignorance of base rates ---the over-all frequency with which something, like a name, occurs in the population at large. It may be appealing to think that someone named Dan would prefer to be a doctor, but we have to ask whether there are so many doctor Dans simply because Dan is a mon name, well-represented in many professions. If that’s the case, the implicit-egotism effect is no longer valid.E)There are also researchers who have been more measured in theirassessments of the link between name and life oute. In 1984, the psychologist Debra Crisp and her colleagues found that though more mon names were better liked, they had no impact on a person’s educational achievement. In 2012, the psychologists Hui Bai and Kathleen Briggs concluded that "the name initial is at best a very limited unconscious prime, if any.〞While a person’s name may unconsciously influence his or her thinking, its effects on decision-making are limited. Follow-up studies have also questioned the link between names andlongevity, career choice and success, geographic and marriage preferences,andacademic achievement.F)However, it may not be the ca se that name effects don’t e*ist;perhaps they just need to be reinterpreted. In 2004, the economists Marianne Bertrand and Sendhil Mullainathan created five thousand résumés in response to job ads posted in the classifieds in Chicago and Boston newspapers. Using Massachusetts birth certificates from between 1974 and 1979, Bertrand and Mullainathan determined which names appeared at a high frequency in one race but at a low frequency in another, creating groups of what they termed "white-sounding names〞(like Emily Walsh and Greg Baker) and "black-sounding names〞(like Lakisha Washington and Jamal Jones). They also created two types of candidates: a higher-qualitygroup with more e*perience and a more plete profile, and a lower-quality group, with some obvious gaps in employment or background. They sent two résumés from each qualification group to every employer, one with "black-sounding〞name and the other with a "white-sounding〞one (a total of four CVs per employer).They found that the "white-sounding〞candidates received fifty per cent more callbacks, and that the advantage a résumé with a "white-sounding〞name had over a résumé with a "black-sounding〞name was roughly equivalent to eight more years of work e*perience. An average of one of every ten "white〞résumés received a call-back, versus one of every fifteen "black〞résumés.Names, in other words, send signals about who we are and where wee from.G)The effects of name-signaling --- what names say about ethnicity,religion, social sphere, and socioeconomic background --- may begin long before someone enters the workforce. In a study of children in a Florida school district, conducted between 1994 and 2001, the economist David Figlio demonstratedthat a child’s name influenced how he or she was treated by the teacher, and that differential treatment, in turn, translated to test scores. Figlio isolated the effects of the students’ names by paring siblings--- same background, different names. Children with names that werelinked to low socioeconomic status or being black, as measured by the approach used by Bertrand and Mullainathan, were met with lower teacher e*pectations. Unsurprisingly, they then performed more poorly than their counterparts with non-black, higher-status names. Conversely, children with Asian-sounding names (also measured by birth-record frequency) were met with higher e*pectations, and were more frequently placed in gifted programs.H)The economists Steven Levitt and Roland Fryer looked at trends innames given to black children in the United States from the 1970s to the early 1980s. They discovered that names which sounded more distinctively "black〞became, over time, ever more reliable signals of socioeconomic status. That status, in turn, affected a child’s subsequent life oute, which meant that it was possible to see a correlation between names and outes, suggesting a name effect similar to what was observed in the 1948 Harvard study. But when Levitt and Fryer controlled for the child’s background, the name effect disappeared, strongly i ndicating that outes weren’t influenced by intrinsic qualities of the name itself. As Simonsohn notes, "Names tell us a lot about who you are.〞I)We see a name, implicitly associate different characteristics with it,and use that association, however unknowingly, to make unrelated judgments about the petence and suitability of its bearer. Therelevant question may not be "What’s in a nam e"〞but, rather, "What signals does my name send --- and what does it imply"〞11. We may unconsciously judge a person’s petence based on the association with his name.12. According to one study, a woman named Kate is more likely todonate to relief funds if a hurricane named Katrina hits.13. The categorization of "white-sounding names〞and"black-sounding names〞is based on the frequency at which names appear in different races.14. Professors at Harvard University found that men with peculiarnames did not perform academically as well as those with ordinary names.15. A psychologist claims that many studies on the implicit-egotismeffect have adopted poor methodology.16. According to Figlio, teachers did not e*pect much from children withblack names, which caused them to do poorly.17. A 2012 study found that name initials have no more influence thanan unconscious advantage.18. One’s life outes might be related to his name because it canindicate his socioeconomic status, which in turn can affect his life course.19. The implicit-egotism effect may e*plain why we like things that havesomething in mon with our names or initials.20. The callback rate of "white〞resumes is 1.5 times higher than thatof "black〞resumes.11---15 IBFAD 16---20 GEHCFSection CDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. Foreach of them there are four choices marked A), B), C), D).You should decide on the best choice and write thecorresponding letter in the blank.Passage OneQuestions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.The future looks bright for the International supermarket chain based on New Jersey ---H Mart and other Asian supermarket chains in America.. Earnings of Asian-American households outpace the American average. Their spending e*ceeds all other groups, too, according to Geoscape. And Asian-Americans spend more of their money on groceries than the average America household.Americans have developed greater appetite for cooking and eating Asian foods, too. In 2012 non-restaurant sales of Asian foods topped $1.5 billion, according to Mintel Group. Though Latin foods are a bigger market，the popularity of Asian foods is growing faster. Oncestrange-seeming imports like seaweed and sashimi are now fashionable food stuff. Though the rate of growth is e*pected to fall, sales are likely to keep rising.But Asian delicacies can be hard to e by. Few Americans are likely to see durian(榴莲) or bamboo shoots in their local shop．Some specialty ingredients are only to be found at a premium in up-market grocery stores, or miles away, in ethnic markets in older Asian neighborhoods.Even so, most Asian grocers have not made efforts to reach new customers, says Jeffrey Cohen, an analyst at IBIS World, an industries watcher. Many shops are located in minority enclaves(聚居地)，and do little to market themselves to other Americans. Narrow car parks and dim interiors put off customers used to the bright lights of mainstream supermarkets. Ingredients labeled with poorly translated English can leave shoppers puzzled.A few Asian grocery chains have caught on, opening stores in more diverse suburbs, paying attention to cosmetic niceties and marketing more widely. Other than H Mart，there are Californian chains such as 99 Ranch Market and Shun Fat Supermarket，which have been e*panding into the American southwest. 99 Ranch Market was even featured in a humorous YouTube music video --- "Asians Eat Weird Things〞--- which has been watched more than 900,000 hits. As American eating and shopping habits change, however, those weirdthings do seem so weird after all．21. One of the reasons for the bright future of Asian supermarkets in America is ______.A) Asian-Americans purchase more groceries than other groupsB) the American economy has got back on trackC) Asian-Americans earn less but spend more than other groupsD) Asian supermarkets have the largest market22. What can we learn from the second paragraph"A) Americans don’t like Asian foods much as before.B) Latin foods have fewer customers than Asian ones.C) Americans used to consider sashimi as weird food.D) The rate of growth and sales of Asian foods will both increase.23. Why are some Asian specialties hard to buy"A) Because they are imported in a limited number.B) Because they are only sold in several specific places.C) Because they are only sold in small quantities in shops.D) Because shops that sell them are all located in remote areas.24. What is the problem with most Asian groceries"A) The interiors are too bright for other Americans.B) The labels don’t indicate food ingredients.C) They are located in remote areas and hard to find.D) They do little to make themselves known.25. What have some Asian grocery chains done to catch on"A) They have paid attention to the appearance of stores.B) They have had the food labels clearly translated.C) They have opened new stores in urban areas.D) They have increased the varieties of foods.Passage TwoQuestions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.Recent research has shown that the stress hormone cortisol (皮质醇) damages certain neurons(神经元) in the brain and can negatively affect memory and learning ability in the elderly.Researchers wanted to find out if laughter altered its effects. They proved that laughing could dramatically improve your health--- and be good for you as a deep state of meditation(冥想).Dr. Lee Berk said: 'It’s simple, the less stress you have, the better your memory. Humor reduces harmful stress hormones like cortisol that decrease memory hippocampal neurons, lowers your blood pressure, and increases blood flow and your mood state. The act of laughter --- or simply enjoying some humor --- increases the release of endorphins(啡肽) and dopamine〔多巴胺〕in the brain, which provides a sense of pleasure and reward. These positive and beneficial neurochemical changes, in turn, make the immune system function better. There are even changes in brain wave activity towards what'scalled the 'gamma wave band frequency', which also increase memory and recall. Joyful laughter immediately produces the same brain wave frequencies e*perienced by people in a true meditative state.〞A 20-minute laugh-inducing funny video was shown to a group of healthy elderly individuals and a group of elderly people with diabetes(糖尿病).The groups were then asked to plete a memory assessment that measured their learning, recall, and sight recognition. Their performance was pared to a control group of elderly people who also pleted the memory assessment, but were not shown a funny video. Cortisol concentrations for both groups were also recorded at the beginning and end of the e*periment.The research team found a significant decrease in cortisol concentrations among both groups who watched the video. Video-watchers also showedgreaterimprovement in all areas of the memoryassessment when pared to controls, withthe diabetic group seeing the mostdramatic benefit in cortisol level changesand the healthy elderly seeing themost significant changes in memory testscores.26. How does cortisol affect memory ability in the elderly"A) It causes damage to some neurons.B) It changes the brain wave frequency.C) It slows down certain brain activities.D) It negatively affects brain cell activities.27. What is the benefit of humor according to the passage"A) It improves interpersonal relationships.B) It helps business negotiations.C) It reduces harmful stress hormones.D) It enhances one’s creativity.28. What can "gamma wave band frequency〞do"A) It can make one feel happy and rewarded.B) It can enhance the ability of memory and recall.C) It can make the immune system work better.D) It can decrease one’s blood pressure.29. What can we learn from the third paragraph"A) Only the group with diabetes watched the funny video.B) Cortisol concentrations for the three groups were recorded.C) The memory assessment only measured the ability to recall.D) All the groups pleted the memory assessment.30. What was the result of the research"A) Groups who watched the video had a drop in cortisol concentrations.B) The diabetic group showed the most dramatic increase in memory test scores.C) The healthy elderly e*perienced the biggest decrease in cortisollevel.D) Video-watchers showed little improvement in memory assessment.Part II Vocabulary and Structure (20 minutes) Directions:Choose the appropriate words and phrases to plete the following sentences. Change the form if necessary.31. If you want to _____________that you catch the plane, take a ta*i. (ensure)【句意"如果你想要保证赶上那班飞机，就坐出租吧。
二年级语文下册《自主学习》参考答案
二年级语文下册《自主学习》参考答案第一单元参考答案1 古诗二首练功房我会写。
化妆古诗村子儿童碧玉绿色雨丝剪刀我会连我会填1、草长莺飞二月天，拂堤杨柳醉春烟。
儿童散学归来早，忙趁东风放纸鸢。
2、碧玉妆成一树，万条垂下绿丝绦。
不知细叶谁裁出，二月春风似剪刀。
阅览室1、这首诗描写了春季的景色。
2、千朵万朵、压枝低，写出了花开保特别茂盛。
实践园春天的诗春晓春眠不觉晓，处处闻啼鸟。
夜来风雨声，花落知多少。
2、找春天练功房我会写冲出寻找姑娘吐气柳树桃子杏花荡秋千我会连我会填1、我们几个孩子脱掉棉袄，冲出家门，奔向田野，去寻找春天。
2、春天来了，我们看到了她，我们听到了她，我们闻到了她，我们触到了她。
我会连长长地柳丝是春天的秀发。
1、又大又红又高又壮又快又好2、5个自然段3、吃东西要先想到长辈，大家分享快乐才是最幸福的。
实践园春暖花开春意盎然鸟语花香百鸟争鸣百花齐放万紫千红3 开满鲜花的小路练功房我会写邮递员邮局鲜花原来一堆礼物我会连我会仿1、温暖的阳光照在宽阔的大海上。
2、可爱的小鱼在大海里自由自在地游。
阅览室1、摆木板建工厂排废气倒垃圾喷农药砍树木2、答：“世界环境日”是每年6月5日。
因为人民拼命地建工厂、排废气，砍树、倒垃圾，喷农药，捕杀野生动物，进行战争和核试验，于是良田越来越少，动物和植物越来越少，河水空气越来越脏，所以人们设立了“世界环境日”白表达自己保护环境保护地球的决心。
3、答：地球原来是这样的。
：河水是清清的，天空是蓝蓝的，花草树木很茂盛，动物们自由自在地生活着。
现在的地球是这样的：森林和良田越来越少，动物和植物越来越少，河水，天空和空气都变得越来越脏。
4 邓小平爷爷植树我会连我会变木—格（各格）木---直（植）（植物）人--木（休）（休息）自--心（息）（休息）我会写一个个柿子，就像小灯笼一样挂在树上。
挖挑选移入填站看看说走扶正阅览室1、四句。
2、下课了，有的同学写作业，有的同学玩耍，有的同学打扫卫生。
二年级语文下册《自主学习》参考答案
春天的诗
春晓 春眠不觉晓，处处闻啼鸟。夜来风雨声，花落知多少。
2、找春天
练功房 我会写
冲出 寻找 姑娘 吐气 柳树 桃子 杏花 荡秋千 我会连
我会填
1、我们几个孩子脱掉棉袄，冲出家门，奔向田野，去寻找春天。
2、春天来了，我们看到了她，我们听到了她，我们闻到了她，我们触到了她 我会连
长长地柳丝是春天的秀发
阅览室
1、又大又红又高又壮 又快又好
2、5个自然段
3、吃东西要先想到长辈，大家分享快乐才是最幸福的 实践园
春暖花开 春意盎然 鸟语花香
百鸟争鸣 百花齐放 万紫千红
3开满鲜花的小路
练功房 我会写
我会仿
1、温暖的阳Biblioteka 照在宽阔的大海上。2、可爱的小鱼在大海里自由自在地游。
阅览室
1、摆木板 建工厂 排废气 倒垃圾 喷农药 砍树木
第三单元参考答案
识字
1神州谣
我会填
1、我神州，称中华，山川美，可入画。
2、各民族，情谊浓，齐奋发，共繁荣。
我会写
神州 台湾 海峡 民族 友谊
我会读
跟同学相互读一读，看谁读得最棒，读的不正确的地方，共同改正，共同进步 阅览室
1、六
2、我的梦想是当一名走遍神州的大导游，饱览着祖国的秀丽风景和名胜
3、把你喜欢的一处风景名胜画下来，认真读一读，试着背诵下来吧。
爸爸一边走一边听音乐，不想走啦。 我们已经放学了。
阅览室
1、答：因为孔融知道自己大了，大的苹果应该给小弟弟吃。2、答：他指的是孔融。因为他把大的梨子给小弟弟吃，不自私
第二单元自我检测 我会读
同学们要认清字形，读准字音哟！
新高二学生暑假自主学习练习答案
新高二学生暑假自主学习练习答案Keys to 练习一单项选择：1-5 CBACB 6-10 ACBDC 11-15 ADDBA 16-20 CDCBC完形填空：1-5CACDB 6-10AACBD 11-15ACBDA 16-20DBCBB阅读理解：1-4 ADCB 5-8 BDDA任务型阅读：1. being/becoming 2. enjoying 3. protect/keep 4. washing 5. worried6. influence/effect7. too8. value/importance9. Overcoming10. activities词汇检测：1. personally 2. hesitate 3. guidance 4. relief 5. confused/considering同义转换：1. height 2. frozen 3. understand 4. whispered 5. made句子翻译：1. As far as I’m concerned, the best way to achieve high grades is to make good use of your time.2. It is a real struggle for Jerry to have been devoting himself to scientific research for so many years.3. What they gave is more than help; they gave us the confidence to live through hard times.4. As a matter of fact, there’s no point of defending yourself when it is your own fault.5. It was a painful experience, which made me regret not taking mother’s advice but taking weight-loss pills.动词填空：1. suffering 2. informed 3. (should) broadcast 4. changing 5. will have saved6. was caught7. preferred8. limited9. starving 10. was bent短文填空：1. achievement 2. like 3. role 4. who 5. Though/Although 6. what 7. as8. student 9. never 10. realized 11. picture 12. read 13. feeling 14. model15. performance 16. impressed 17. acting 18. scene 19. which 20. mostKeys to 练习二单项选择：1-5 ABCDC 6-10 CCABB 11-15 AADCD 16-20 DADAA完形填空：1-5 CBDAB 6-10 CDDAB 11-15 ABCDC 16-20 CABCD阅读理解：1-4 BADD 5-8 DAAB任务型阅读：1. Purpose/Aim/Goal 2. steps 3. competition 4. replaced 5. managed6.twice/double7. allowing8. look9. similar 10. age/grow词汇检测：1.depends 2. Approximately 3. embarrassed 4. harmony 5. convenient同义转换：1. interrupt 2. existence / being 3. influence/affect 4. regret 5. realized句子翻译：1. The English language was originally formed on the basis of the languages of small tribes inNorthern Europe.2. The success of the programme has contributed greatly to the current interest in pop music.3. I reached a point in my career where I had to decide which way to go at that time.4. Traditional Chinese sports are similar to Western sports in that both are meant to improve people’s health.5. Despite the fact that French did not replace English as the first language, it still had an impact on the English language.动词填空：1. makes sense 2. be related to 3. to have covered 4. added to 5. to be/being stared at6. compared to7. can’t help8. has made great achievements9. afford 10. reached out短文填空：1. weak 2. However 3. tears 4. as 5. dark/darkness6. about7. since8. growing9. control 10. to11. fault 12. felt 13. Where 14. grow 15. Why16. preferred/chose 17. By 18. though/although 19. courage 20. understoodKeys to 练习三单项选择：1-5CCACD 6-10 BDCAC 11-15 BBAAC 16-20 DCADB完形填空：1-5ACBDA 6-10 DBACA 11-15 CDBCD 16-20 ABCDB阅读理解：1 -4 DACA 5-8 CDAB任务阅读：1. Tips 2. place 3. Without/ No 4. Special 5. set6. positive7. Expressed8. children9. Help 10. Celebrate词汇检测：1. burying 2. declared 3. cultural 4. gradually 5.destroyed同义转换：1. interests 2. Similarly 3. existed 4. remained 5. performed/conducted/done翻译句子：1. Confucius greatly influenced / had a great influence upon the development of China’s culture and education.2. The desert was once a green land with huge trees, but they were cut down and that resulted in the city being buried by sand.3. People are wondering who is going to take over the company when the president of the board retires.4. The desert was once a green land with enormous trees, but even that didn’t prevent the cityfrom being buried by sand.5. Not only was Rome a city and a republic, but it was also to become the capital of one of thelargest empires in history.动词填空：1. be informed of 2. depends on 3. are banned 4. looking up 5. differs from6. dreamed/dreamt of7. care about8. taken control of9. was adopted10. taken into consideration短文填空：1. dying/eager 2. tired 3. heavy 4. away 5. when6. held7. another8. felt9. so 10. handed11. forehead 12. what 13. across 14. happier 15. lucky16. as 17. meant 18. offer 19. kindness 20. chanceKeys to 练习四单项选择：1-5 DACDB 6-10 BDCCA 11-15 CACAC 16-20 AACCA完形填空：1-5 BDAAB 6-10 DCAAB 11-15ABDAD 16-20 ACADA阅读理解：1-4 BADA 5-8 BCDD任务型阅读：1. process 2. presentation 3. judge 4. consideration/account 5. compare 6. detail 7. familiar 8. information 9. Dress 10. confident词汇检测：1. available 2. persuasive 3. intended 4. tricked 5. promote同义转换：1. appeals 2. fall 3. differ 4. recommended 5. beneficial翻译句子：1. A commercial advertisement is one that someone has paid for to promote a product or service.2. This disease is quite common to the old but ninety percent of the patients can be cured of the disease.3. His father meant him to be an engineer but he was never meant for an engineer.4. There are lots of different ways to get your message across when you are putting together an ad campaign.5. You may want to ask yourself what parts of this product your target buyers would care about or be concerned with.动词填空：1. get it across 2. deals with 3. fell for 4. is; used to 5. to put; together6. was satisfied with7. trick; into8. was aware of9. appeals to 10. committing suicide短文填空：1. informing 2. retiring 3. old 4. present/gift 5. sign 6. encouragement7. many 8. coincidence 9. teaching 10. matterKeys to 练习五单项选择：1-5 CDBAB 6-10 BBBAC 11-15 CCBDC 16-20 DCBDC完形填空：1-5 BDACD 6-10 AADAB 11-15 BDCCB 16-20 CACAB阅读理解：1-4 DACB 5-8 CBCA任务型阅读：1. While/Though/Although 2. weight 3. forced 4.exercise 5. lose6. tired7. provided8. suffer9. containing 10. reducing/losing词汇检测：1. competing 2. absence 3. Involved 4. ensure 5. balanced同义转换：1. attempted 2. significance/importance 3. briefly 4. likely5. considered/recognized/ regarded句子翻译：1. No matter what difficulties we meet with, we will try our best to overcome them.2. At the conference, a suggestion was put forward that we should make a budget for the project in advance.3. Their dream was that the Olympic Games would make it possible for countries and people to live side by side in peace.4. Compared with the way most urban planning is done today, this kind of urban planning is in the long term cheaper and more practical.5. These are some of the Olympic athletes who have brought joy to people across the world with their attempts to push the boundaries of human achievements.动词填空：1. results in 2. been aware of 3.was invited 4. glanced at5. decorated with6. poured out7. rose up against8.broke down短文填空：1. leave 2. risk 3. especially 4. weather 5. dangerous 6. destroy 7. caused 8. waiting 9. worth 10. everKeys to 练习六单项选择：1-5 BDDAA 6-10 CBBCA 11-15 ACCBC 16-20 CDCAC完形填空：1-5 DBCAD 6-10 CADCA 11-15 BDBCB 16-20 ADAAB阅读理解：1-4 CDCA 5-7 DBA任务型阅读：1. success 2. Reasons 3. affect/influence 4. Suggestions / Tips / Advice 5. Think6. careful7. goals8. health9. important 10. changed词汇检测：1. escapes 2. constantly 3. delivers 4. voice 5. rescue同义转换：1. connection 2. company 3. accused 4.counts/matters 5. inexperienced句子翻译：1. What impresses me most is that whenever he appears in front of me, he wears a charming smile.2. Firefighters could be trained using RealCine without the risk of getting injured in a burning building.3. Upon reaching the top of the mountain, you will experience a feeling of happiness and a senseof achievement.4. More importantly, we should try hard to make people aware of the dangers of drunk driving.5. If you do anything wrong, you should be responsible for/take responsibility for it.动词填空：1. made contributions to 2. make way for 3. took part in 4. broke the record5. came to public attention6. was involved in7. happened to8. playing a; role in 9. come up with 10. keep; under control短文填空：1. unless 2. even 3. normal 4. express 5. health 6. raise 7. likely 8. greater 9. cause 10. WaitKeys to 练习七单项选择：1-5ABCBD 6-10 DBDCB 11-15DDBCB 16-20ACACB完形填空：1-5CABDC 6-10CAADB 11-15DBACD 16-20CABDB阅读理解：1-4 DBBC 5-8 ABDD任务型阅读：1. causes 2. Living 3. disappointed 4. harm 5. Approaches6. exercise7. less8. Managing9. Regular 10. breath词汇检测：1. forbidden 2. similarities 3. approve 4. preparations 5. challenging 同义转换：1. struggle 2. immediately/directly 3. Unlike 4. tolerate 5. Since句子翻译：1.Going to a British high school for a year was a very enjoyable and exciting experience for me.2.It was a struggle for me to remember all the faces and names.3.I found that the homework was not as heavy as what I used to get in my old school.4.I can’t wait to surprise the boys!5.The good news is that these kinds of growing pains do not last.短文填空：1. lost 2. eye 3. pictures 4. bought 5. not 6. recovering 7. whom 8. barked 9. suffering 10. died 11. claim 12. flier 13. saved 14. crying 15. keepKeys to 练习八单项选择：1-5ADCBB 6-10CBBBC 11-15DCCDD 16-20 BCBCD完形填空：1-5 ACBCD 6-10 DCBBC 11-15 BCDDC 16-20 BABBC阅读理解：1-4 BBAC 5-8 BDAD任务型阅读：1. move 2. sights 3. possibility 4. range 5. kinds6. consider7. opinions/views8. ceremony9. obvious 10. open 词汇检测：1. failure 2. recover 3. suffering 4. destination 5. shape同义转换：1. skip 2. convinced 3. home 4. popularity 5. scored句子翻译：1. In this peaceful world, people live in perfect harmony with nature, far away from the noise and worry of the outside world.2. You have to wear a helmet and a life jacket for protection, just in case you fall into the water.3. Unfortunately, all the people were buried alive, and so was the city.4. This is the fourth time that Tom has failed the driving test. He is not discouraged, though.5. On hearing the news that they would have two days off, they jumped with joy as they had been hoping for a good rest.短文填空：1. differently 2. gas/petrol 3. companies 4. holding 5. present 6. ground7. limit 8. moon 9. leaves 10. more。