实战口译林超伦教学参考

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口译学习书单大盘点

口译学习书单大盘点口译学习技能和行业知识是从事翻译工作的两大核心因素，这就对口译员自身的综合能力要求很高，比如积极应变能力，反应能力等。

今天高斋翻译学堂为您整理口译学习的书籍推荐，口笔译是不分家的，有些书籍口笔译都适用。

口译理论书籍1.《口译理论概述》鲍刚2.《口译技巧：思维科学与口译推理教学法》刘和平3.《口译研究：理论与实践》吴远宁4.《高级口译手册》（琼·赫伯特）5.《口译理论研究》张文韩常慧6.《实用口译手册》（钟述孔编著）7.《口译须知》（让艾赫贝尔）8.《同声传译中的推理与预期》（Ghelly V. Chernov）9.《口译研究新探：新方法、新观念、新趋势》蔡小红10.《同声传译研究概论》刘建珠11.《口译训练指南》（塞莱斯科维奇，勒代雷著，闫素伟，邵炜译）12.《口译技艺——即席口译与同声传译经验谈》（达妮卡·塞莱斯科维奇）13.《外教社翻译硕士专业系列教材——会议口译解析》（上海外语教育出版社）14.《外教社翻译硕士专业系列教材——口译：技巧与操练》（上海外语教育出版社）口译笔记法15.《实战口译（教学参考）》（林超伦编著）16.《逐步口译与笔记》（刘敏华著）17.《英语口译笔记法实战指导》（吴钟明主编）18.《交替传译——高等学校翻译专业本科教材)》(王丹主编)19.《交替传译笔记：速成课程——外教社翻译硕士专业系列教材》（上海外语教育出版社）口译进阶训练20.《实战交传》（林超伦编著）21.《英汉口译实练》（冯建忠）22.《英语各类口音听译突破》（朱巧莲，汤倩编）23.《实用口译手册》（钟述孔编著）24.《英汉口译技能教程——口译》卢信朝25.《基础口译——全国翻译硕士学位(MTI)系列教材》(仲伟合)26.《交替传译——高等学校翻译专业本科教材)》(王丹)27.《同传捷径·英语高级口译技能训练教程》（陈翔）28.《英汉口译技能教程——听辨》（卢信朝）29.《口笔译训练的基本概念与模型》（Daniel Gile）30.《汉英口译入门》(李长栓编著)31.《英汉口译——转换技能进阶》（王斌华等著）32.《汉英口译——转换技能进阶》（王斌华等著）33.《汉法口译教程：教你从容地表达》（邵伟著）34.《同传捷径·英语高级口译技能训练教程》（陈翔主编）35.《视译基础》（外语教学与研究出版社，王炎强等主编）36.《英汉视译——全国翻译硕士专业学位系列教材)》(秦亚青，何群 )37.《听说与译述——高等学校翻译专业本科教材)》（仲伟合，何刚强主编）CATTI口译备考38.CATTI官方教材二口的综合、实务39.CATTI官方教材三口综合和实务40.《中高级听力教程》41.《高级口译笔试备考精要》42.各类国内人名人和领导人演讲致辞口译实战性很强，要想达到与中国高翻女神张璐，男神孙宁一样的翻译水平，就需要口译员日积月累，反复训练，不断学习。

林超伦实战口译

单元1 中英论坛讲话11—00：43It is a real pleasure to be here to open the third meeting of our forum and to be welcoming such a distinguished and influential group of people from both our countries，many of whom are now old friends. The forum aims to represent the strength of the relationship between our two countries outside the political relationship and looking round today it is clear that the relationship is very strong indeed。

我很高兴地宣布我们论坛的第三次会议正式开幕,并在这里欢迎来自我们两国高层的、具有影响力的代表们.我们中的很多人都已经是老朋友了。

论坛是为了体现我们两国这间关系的力量——在政治关系之外的力量。

环视今日会场，显然,我们的关系非常坚固。

It is a sign for me that the forum goes from strength to strength and I believe it is playing a key role in the relations between our two countries as confirmed by the Prime Minister in our call on him this morning。

This year, we have taken the theme ”The Challenge of Globalization” for our meetings and discussions. This theme has a particular resonance for me.这是一个迹象，表明我们的论坛越来越强大。

林超伦讲解实战口译笔记要点精解

林超伦讲解实战口译笔记要点精解第一篇：林超伦讲解实战口译笔记要点精解林超伦讲解实战口译笔记要点笔记是高级口译的关键。

使用笔记，是为了补充大脑短期记忆和耐久力的不足，以保证译文的精确度，并保证其不受讲话人持续时间的影响。

如果完全依赖记忆，又没有异常的天赋，即使精力充沛的年青人，也不能胜任高级口译对精确度和耐久力的要求。

实际例子，我在工作中多次碰到过。

高级口译员没有不靠笔记的。

但是，高级口译使用的笔记与一般的概念，风马牛不相及。

请注意，每个人的记忆，思维，和反应都有各自的特点。

没有必要全部照搬我的方法。

最好用的笔记方式是你自己发展出来的，适合自己的系统。

我的介绍是为了给你开个头，起个指点方向，打开思路的作用。

比如，笔记越简单，记录就越迅速。

但笔记简单了，对短期记忆的要求就相对提高了。

所以，笔记多少为最佳，因人而易，需要摸索出适合于自己的平衡。

要点是：1.少写多划。

划线条比写文字快。

线条形象，相当于翻译的“半成品”，有助译员眼看笔记，口出译文。

两种情况下应该尽量用线条：表示动作和动态的词句。

比如，以上升的斜线代表“发展”，“增加”，“进步”,“进一步”；以下降的斜线代表“减少”，“下降”，“恶化”等等。

表示因果或前后关系的词句。

比如，用一条线代表“因为/所以”，“…之后”，“在…之前”，以体现出上下前后之间的关联关系。

2.少字多意。

养成一个词的笔记不超过一个字的习惯。

中文里有大量的词汇是由两个，或两个以上的字组成。

只要看到其中一个，你的短期记忆就应该能够补齐其余的字。

不必多写。

比如，“中国”最多写个“中”。

“北京”最多写个“北”。

英文词也同理处理。

“politics” 最多写“poli”，“government”最多写“gov”，等等。

另外，需要培养以笔记与记忆互动；看到一个字能说出几个字，甚至一串词的能力。

在有上下文的情况下，这不难。

比如，谈中国的近况，听到“改革，开放”记一个“改”字，不难从短期记忆中说出原文。

实战口译

unit11. It is a real pleasure to be here to open the third meeting of our forum and to bewelcoming such a distinguished and influential group of people from both our countries, many of whom are now old friends . The forum aims to represent the strength of the relationship between our two countries outside the political relationship and looking round today it is clear that the relationship is very strong indeed.2. It is s sign for me that the forum goes from strength to strength and I believe it isplaying a key role in the relations between our two countries as confirmed by the Prime Minister in our call on him this morning. This year, we have taken the theme “the challenge of Globalization” our meetings and discussions. This theme has a particular resonance for me.3. On 11 September, I, along with a number of world statemen, was in Beijing to discusschina and the world in the 21st century. None of us could possibly have known as we debated economic development, environmental change and security issues what was going to happen that day. But many of the speakers warned of the fragility of the world order. It made me realize more clearly than at any other time just how very important “understanding” between the nations of the world is.4. Our forum, and the discussions we will have in the next day and a half, is part of thisvital process of understanding. Globalization is a challenge for all of us, both developed and developing countries and we have a lot to share and learn. As globalization increases and as all our countries come to terms with the global reach of many industries, we can, as different nations, work together to understand the issues and effects these developments bring.5. People can only grasp these opportunities. People talking, travelling, exchangingideas and experiences. And that is what we are here today to do. Our discussions here will centre around a number of very interesting issues: trade and the environment in the globalisation of the economy , chinese culture facing the world, e-learning and e-commerce, balancing public purposes and commercial interests in the media, and China after WTO to name but a few.6. As far as I can see, joining the WTO presents ha huge chanllenge for China. Therequirements of joining WTO for corporate governance, for transparency and for reliable and enforceable laws. Whilst producing some pain in short term, will no doubt be part of the way in which economic growth can be encouraged and sustained. I personally am much looking forward to my own involvement in the discussions on small and medium sized enterprises.7. China’s decision to embrace the dynamism of the private sector brings up the rolesmall firms can play in achieving rapid growth and innovation. They are, and can be,a significant engine for economic development. Therefore, we have much work to doin our forum. We want to show our Chinese friends how much of a partner the UK can be but also that as a sign of a mature and true relationship, we can afford to be frank and open in our discussions with one another.8. This will be particularly true in the sessions on issues of competitiveness andcorporate governance that will be held tomorrow. We ate building on discussions and relationships that are already well founded and I believe that this forum will take the special role that our meeting plays in the relations between our two countries further forward.Unit31. In the space of a single generation, relations between the UK and the People’sRepublic of China have been transformed. Government-to-government and business-to-business links are closer and more varied than ever before. But the most exciting changes have been in the links between the British and Chinese peoples. Chinese communities have long existed as a respected and cherished presence in British cities.2. But today , more and more British people are visiting China to see for themselves thenew dynamism of great cities like Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou. We are re-discovering China’s incomparably rich cultural heritage, as well as its immense economic potential. The Chinese are re-discovering Britain, too. We are delighted to welcome more Chinese visitors to our country each year. Many more Chinese are finding out about Britain through modern media like television and the internet.3. Indeed , there are more Chinese people learning the English language than there arenative speakers of English in the world today. This growing relationship is measurable, too, in financial terms. British firms now have a huge presence in China, a sign of their confidence in the country and its future. The UK is the largest European investor, anda British company, BP, is investing more capital in China than any other foreign firm.The largest foreign manufacturing investment in Western China is also British.4. The UK is China’s second largest European trading partner. British exports to Chinalast year, at $3.72 billion were up 17% on the year 2000. China’s exports to Britain are at an all-time high. Many Chinese enterprises now regard Britain ‘s flexible and open economy has an ideal launching pad into the wider European market. All this is a far cry from 1972, when the UK and the PRC first exchanged Ambassadors. Then, there were virtually no Chinese student in Britain. Today, there are over 20,000 – one of the largest overseas communities at our universities.5. Then , there were no direct air services between Beijing and London . this year , morethan a quarter of a million British tourists will travel to China, then , no serving British Prime Minister or Foreign Secretary had ever visited chan. last year , there were visits from eleven British ministers. The changing nature of international relations requires governments to work ever more closely together for their mutual benefit. In the globalised world economy, the security and prosperity of individual countries often depends on events beyond our borders.6. We are interdependent as well as independent. Challenges such as fightingenvironmental damage ,ensuring global human rights are properly observed, removing barriers to trade and investment , and reducing poverty , have become truly global issues. They loom larger on the agendas of multilateral organizations likethe UN, the WTO and ASEM. In the 21st century , bilateral relations between countries will depend on progress on issues like these.7. As two of the five permanent members of the UN Security Council, our governmentwork together on a daily basis on problems affecting every corner of the world.Another change in the relationship between Britain and China has been developments in Hong Kong. I am delighted that Hong Kong has prospered since 1997, and that “one country , two systems” is proving such an effective approach. 8. As a signatory of the joint declaration, he UK has an abiding interest in thecontinued well-being of the Special Administration Region. But this is only a part of our wider commitment to China, we are increasing the resources we allocate through our department for international development to poverty reduction in China from 25m this year to 60m by 2004.Unit51. Good morning everybody. And welcome to the launch of our new L50, and to thispresentation . In a way, launch is no longer the correct word. Many of you have already had a chance to get to know the new car in your test drive this morning. So , i will not dwell on the technical capabilities of this car. What i would like to do is to share with you the thoughts that have gone into developing this new model so that you’ll have a better idea of why it’s such an exciting car to drive.2. I will also talk a bit about what has been happening in our company –the directionwe are heading, our strategy, and our ambitions. After that, I’ll talk about some of the major stages in our design and development of this model. After this presentation , We’ll have lunch, which is served in the main conference hall. Our chef has promiseda few surprises. I ‘m curious as you are about what these might be , but , back to thepresentation.3. Our new L50 is the first in a family of new car to be launched this year and in the nextcouples of years. It’s the result of the most ambitious investment in our company’s history-125m, in design and development, in production capabilities, in sales network and in our own people. The investment is base on our understanding of the market and our goal for the future. so what are they then?4. We want to sell 800,000 cars a year for the next 5 years . so far this year, we’vealready sold 560,000,and congratulations to those of you that have contributed to this success. This represent nearly 20 % increase over the previous year at a time when the market had declined by nearly 10% .much of the increase sales have come from the commitment and dedication of our dealers and our staff . thank you and well done.5. The launch of this L50 will mark the beginning of a series of launches, giving us afull range of new cars, 3-door,5-door, estate, diesel, and from 1 liter all the way up to our luxury 2 liter saloon. A convertible and a 4-wheel drive are also in the final design stage. With this new family, we’ll be able to compete robustly with any competitor in US, and will be able to take on the EU market too. But products alone are not enough.6. We’ve put substantial amount of money and effort into upgrading our retailoperation , into our dealer network and into our own sales forces. This is built on ourin-depth knowledge of our customers, what they want and what they need. It is base on the strength of our brand. If you visit one of our re-branded showrooms, you’ll geta strong impression of our brand and what we stand for. We are taking market sharesfrom our competitors. .we are on target to take even more.7. We believe that the most effective way of getting more customers and growing ourbusiness is by new cars. Not just any new cars. It had to be new cars that re-enforce our brand value. Having test driven the L50, I am sure you will all agree with me that the new L50 is exactly that-an embodiment of performance, safety, and functionality.These are the core elements of our brand value. These are features that have caught the attention of media across Europe. These will be repeated in each and every new member of the family.8. That’s all I’d like to say at this stage. My colleagues will now take you through some ofthe highlights in the design and development. This is a short video we produced just before this launch. It is meant to answer some questions, what is the thinking behind this development? How do we translate concepts into a new model? How does our core value influence the thinking of people on the factory floor and in showrooms?Ladies and gentlemen, the new L50.UNIT 71. Traditionally HM Treasury , along with the bank of England ,has been responsible fordeciding all aspects of the UK’S economic and financial policy. Following the 1997 election, in which the Labour Party came to power, the macroeconomic policy framework has been reformed. The aim of this reform is to help provide a framework for improved macroeconomic stability and economic growth.2. I would like to explain the key features of the UK economic policy framework, identifythe key institutions, their leaders and main responsibilities. There are three main institutions. The first is HM Treasury which is responsible for the overall economic framework and for fiscal policy in particular. It is led by the Chancellor, Gordon Brown who is an elected politician.3. He is supported by 4 junior minister with specific responsibilities, who are also electedpolitician . the ministers receive advice from three main source: civil servants, political advisers. And for some specific projects, business leaders also prepare advice. Fiscal policy is decided through two main processes: the budget and the spending review process.4. The budget is presented each spring to parliament. It sets out tax policy for the year.Since 1997 there has also been a pre-budget report. This explains progress and suggests some ideas for discussion. Later in the spring budget s decision is made.Spending policy is decided every three years. There are two main elements of spending policy. Both are decided at the same time.5. One , the amount of money which each department receives and two, using thismoney, targets each department will achieve. For example for the education department a target for how many children pass exams. The second main institution is the bank of England . it is led by someone non-political, at the moment, EddieGeorge. In 1997 it was given full independent to set interest rates. A committee , which includes a Treasury civil servant , makes the decision.6. The level of interest rates is set in order to achieve a certain rate of inflation. Thistarget is decided by the chancellor. Therefore although the bank can decide the level of interest rates without any interference, the macroeconomic position is guided by an elected politician who is responsible to the country. The bank also deals in the foreign exchange market.7. Finally, the financial services authority is responsible for monitoring and regulating thefinancial services industry. It has four main aims. One, maintaining confidence in the UK financial system. They supervise stock exchanges . two ,promoting public understanding of the financial system. They help consumers to become informed consumers, so that they can manage their financial affairs more effectively.8. Three , securing the right degree of protection for consumers. They monitor howfirms and individuals are meeting standards. Where serious problems arise they investigate and, if appropriate, discipline or prosecute those that have violated rules, four, helping to reduce financial crime. Their work focuses on three main types of financial crime: money laundrying, fraud, and criminal market misconduct such as insider dealingsUnit 91. Your Excellencies, distinguished guests, my lords, ladies and gentlemen, it is withgreat pleasure that I welcome you tonight to this magnificent castle. We warmly welcome you and your distinguished delegation to Wales. Wales is small country compared with China, however , the welsh people have made a significant contribution to the development of the UK and to the part the UK has played throughout the world.2. Welsh companies make an important contribution to the UK economy. Some arerepresented here this evening. Many already trade with China. Mangy more would like to do so. This is one aspect of the growing relationship between our two country.China is a focal point for trade and investment form Wales. Wales’s exports to China are valued at over 25million. It’s good, but not good enough. I would encourage welsh companies to do better.3. I would like also ask you, Mr. chairman, to help increase the awareness of Walesamong Chinese companies , particularly among Chinese companies that are considering their first move into Europe. For many years, Wales has been on e of the most popular destinations for foreign investment in Europe , Investors in Wales have brought over 12 billion into the country and contribute to reinvest once established. 4. Investors are not limited to US and Europe . many companies from the far east havechosen to establish their European operations here. Our welsh development agency has set up an office in China, it demonstrates our commitment to your country.Meanwhile , welsh companies are increasingly focused on outward investment and establishing joint venture with partners in China. China’s accession to the world trade organization will present new opportunities for both our economies.5. Developing special relationships with China is something to which we attach greatimportance, not only through trade but in other areas such as science , education, and justice, recently , the welsh science mission visited China, the visit raised Wales’s profile with the Chinese scientific community, it also established an exchange scheme in which welsh scientists will benefit.6. The warm reception the delegation received in China was a clear signal of the highlyproductive relationship which Wales and China have developed. During the visit, we signed a memorandum of understanding with our Chinese counterparts in the scientific community. This will encourage and facilitate greater scientific cooperation between China and Wales. I understand that tomorrow morning , there will be several working group meetings to explore other areas of common interest. I look forward to receiving their report in due course.7. Mr. chairman , as you are aware, there has been contact at ministerial level. Not longago, we were delighted to receive a visit from his Excellancy Mr. Wen Jiabao. as you know already, his visit was a great success. In return our deputy first minister has just accepted a generous invitation to lead a delegation to China later this year. They will be visiting Beijing ,shanghai , and Guangzhou. They are looking forward to this visit.8. These visitors are clear signals of the highly productive relationship which Wales andChina have developed. Judging by the crowd that have gathered here tonight. I am very confident that the relationship will continue to grow. Thank you for taking the time to include a visit to Wales in your busy and demanding program. We are honored by your presence here this evening and would ask you to take back with you the warmest good wishes from the people of Wales and the UK , may I now propose a toast.Unit 111. Welcome to Pfizer- the world’s largest , ,most valuable and fastest –growingpharmaceutical company. Ours is a noble purpose: to help realize humanity’s quest for longer , healthier, happier lives. Our mission is to become the world’s most valued company in serving patients, customers, colleagues ,investors, business partners and the communities where we work and live. We now employ 90,000 people worldwide, turning well over 30 billion a year. Spending more than 5 billion a year on research and development. Our products are available in more than 150 countries.2. It all start back in 1849, when Charles Pfizer & company opened as a fine-chemicalsbusiness. It was a modest red-brick building in the Williansburg section of Brooklyn , New York. it served as office , laboratory, factory, and ware house .the company’s first product was santonin-a palatable antiparasitic which was an immediate success., for the past 154 years. pfizer has been discovering , developing , manufacturing, and marketing leading prescription medicines for humans and animals and many of the world’s best –known consumer brands.3. Pfizer is built on three pillars: a broad portfolio of human pharmaceuticals meetingessential medical needs; a wide range of consumer products aimed at self-care andwell-being ; and health products for livestock and companion animals. research and development is the lifeblood of our business. To continue our heritage of innovation , we support the world’s largest privately funded biomedical research organization ,engaging 12.000 scientists and other research colleagues worldwide.4. We currently have nearly 100 new medicines in various stages of development, andare working on dozens of new uses for our current medicines. Our targets include many of humanity’s most feared illness, including cardiovascular disease, diabetes, Alzheimer ’s ,cancer ,HIV/AIDS ,depression and schizophrenia.(精神分裂) pfizer is also a leader In contributing to the development of communities where we live and work.5. We have pioneered numerous initiatives to improve access to medicines includingthe international Trachoma Initiative, (沙眼) aimed at the world ‘s greatest cause of preventable blindness，and the Diflucan partnership , aimed at HIV/AIDS patients in developing nations. Through the pfizer foundation, we are building with our partners an advanced infectious disease treatment and medical education center in Kampala, Uganda.6. In the US , we sponsor the pfizer for living share card. A program that provide eligible,low-income medicine recipient without prescription drug coverage the opportunity to purchase a 30 –day supply of Pfizer medicine for 15 per prescription. A career with Pfizer is one of the most rewarding choices you can make. Pfizer has been recognized as one of the nation’s best employers and most admired company. We seek talented people from a broad array of disciplines and prize diversity of thought and experience.7. Our company is thoroughly grounded In our values. They begin with a prizedpersonal and organizational quality-integrity-and end with a shared concern for community. Our values include leadership, innovation, performance, teamwork, customer focus, and request for people. These values guide every decision we make, everywhere we make them, as you can sense by now, these are exciting times for our company.8. We demand of ourselves and others the highest ethical standards, and our productsand processes will be of the highest quality. We are deeply committed to meeting the needs of our customers. And we constantly focus on customer satisfaction. We play an active role in making every country and community in which we operate a better place to live and work. I hope you will enjoy your visit for the rest of the day, thank you.Unit 131. Standard Chartered is the world’s leading emerging market bank. It employs 29,000people in over 500 offices in more than 50 countries in the Asia pacific Region, south Asia, the middle east, Africa, united kingdom and the Americas. Our global headquarters is in London. The bank serves both consumer and wholesale banking customers. The consumer bank provides credit cards, personal loans, mortgages, deposit taking activity and wealth management services to individuals and medium-sized business.2. The wholesale bank provides services to multinational, regional, and domesticcorporate and institutional clients in trade finance, cash management, custody , lending, foreign exchange, interest rate management and debt capital markets. Like all companies we are operating in a climate of massive change. We are therefore developing new strategies to ensure that our business keeps abreast of the moves to apply the principles of corporate social responsibility.3. Standard Chartered recognizes its responsibilities to its staff and to the communitiesin which it operates. We believe that with appropriate policies and practices in place we can be a legitimate influence for good by promoting the best standards of socially responsible business in the developing world. By doing so we hope to stimulate positive change and greater engagement. Standard Charted strives to operate in a manner that meets or exceeds the ethical , legal, commercial, and public expectations of society.4. Our objective is to benefit all of our stakeholders including our shareholders,customers, staff and the communities in which we operate. We strongly support the trend towards delivering shareholder value in a socially, ethically and environmentally responsible manner. We also believe that improved transparency through reporting and improved engagement through dialogue offers clear benefit, not only for society, but also for standard Chartered.5. A responsible organization will be better able to attract and retain its customers,employees, shareholders and suppliers. It will operate with greater cohesion and clearer focus. It will be better able to listen and respond rapidly to changing needs and markets. Responsibility, dialogue ,action and reporting are the key elements in a virtuous circle through which everyone benefits. We are proud to promote our support for corporate social responsibility.6. Standard Chartered offers personal financial solutions relevant to you as anindividual . some of these include priority banking, credit care, insurance, personal investment as well as retail services. We treasure building a relationship with you, developing an understanding of your changing financial needs at different stage of your life. Our long heritage of nearly 150 years had enabled us to change with time.Offering quality products by means that are convenient to you.7. Business financial services offer one of the widest range of banking products andservices in the market today. Managing a growing business demands most of you time and energy. That is why working with the right bank can help your business sail more smoothly. Corporate & Institutional banking provides cash management, custody and trade finance services. We offer a one stop risk management solution to our customers-the local corporate, multinational companies, investment and financial institutions, and central banks.8. Corporate & Institutional banking provides cash management , custody and tradefinance services through our strong market networks in Asia, Africa, the Middle East and Latin America. we provide a bridge to these markets for clients form the US and Europe. With 150 years in the emerging markets the bank has unmatched knowledge and understanding of its customers in its markets.Unit 151. Prudential was founded in 1848. As the prudential mutual assurance, theinvestment and loan association in London. The company grew from a small life assurance company, with a customer base limited to the well-off middle classes, to Britain’s largest life company by number of policy-holders. In 1854 prudential opened its industrial department and began to sell ”penny policies” that could be afforded by poorer people.2. The department really began to expand in 1856 when the company pioneeredinfantile insurance, allowing parents to insure the lives of children under the age of ten. By keeping statistical records about policy-holders, prudential was able to calculate accurate premium rates and improve the benefits payable on policies. By the turn of the century one third of the population was insured with “ the pru“ .by the mid 1970s, the company started to employ lady clerks and use “ modern “calculator and typewriters.3. By 1900 there were nearly 15,000 agents collecting prudential premiums. Until 1915prudential sold life assurance only. In 1915 the range of business was extended with the opening of the general branch, through which fire, accident, marine and other form of insurance were sold from 1919 onwards. During the 1920s prudential began go expand overseas and agencies were set up all over the world to sell prudential policies.4. In Britain, new policies were introduced for women, family protection and long termsaving opportunities. In the post war period the range of prudential’s products changed towards an emphasis on savings, annuities, pensions and family income protection. In the 1970s a number of acquisitions were made and in 1978 prudential corporation was set up as the holding company for the group. The focus on adopting new sales and marketing techniques to promote products dominated the 1980s.5. The sales force was restructured to deal better with customer needs and newchannels of communication were opened through telephone sales and independent financial advisers. In 1986, prudential was launch as the new image for prudential corporation, the traditional values of the company presented in a modern forward-looking way, the 1990s saw further diversification of products and methods of communication.6. Sales by telephone and through IFAs have gradually reduced the role of direct salesin customer’s home. In 1997 Scottish amicable was acquired, strengthening prudential’s position in the IFA sector. The launch of egg in 1998 saw prudential usea new distribution channel, targeting the internet generation. The acquisition of M&G,the fund managers, in 1999 strengthened the Group’s investment portfolio. In recent years prudential has expanded in key markets, principally the US and Asia.7. Prudential corporation Asia has operational business in Singapore, Malaysia,Thailand, Indonesia, China , Vietnam, and the Philippines. New business ventures have been established in Japan and Korea in the last year. In the US, Prudential’s subsidiary, Jackson National Life is represented in all states and distributes products through independent agents as well as financial institutions and broker-dealer. The。

口译推荐书目(考试必看) 不看后悔死你

口译经典教科书目推荐*（下载的人一定要好好看啊,书的照片附在后面）1吴冰主编《现代汉译英口译教程》北京：外语教学与研究出版社2004年8月第1版这是我个人喜欢阅读的一本口译书。

这个书最早是1988年写成的并出版的。

大家看到的图片中，旁边有一本小的书，是这个书的最修订版。

而大开的书，书名多了一个“现代”。

编排体例大致相同，而内容的确“现代”很多。

这书是我读本科时候读了N遍的教材，有着浓厚的个人感情，并且，大家看到的小书的图片，是我买的第2本了，因为前面读坏过一本。

这本书名为“现代”以后，传承了老版本的所有优点，同时让里面的阅读材料和学生练习的内容更家丰富了。

对这套书的评价，一个字：好；三个字：非常好2）厦门大学外语系中英英语合作项目小组编著《新编英语口译教程》上海：上海外语教育出版社1999年10月第1版3）雷天放陈菁主编《口译教程》上海：上海外语教育出版社2006年6月第1版《新编口译教程》分两本，学生用书、教师用书，还有额外一本白皮的学生练习参考答案没有出版号。

《口译教程》是最近刚买的。

分为学生用书，教师用书。

这两套书，其实是一套，只是出版时间不同，内容有大幅的变化以外，编写人员和编写目的都一样。

由于编写这套书的教师都是在口译第一线上的教师，其中的林郁如、雷天放、陈菁等人，都是活跃在口译教学和口译实践上的赫赫有名的人物。

从编写体例上来看，其中的学生用书分为“理论与技巧、技巧训练、口译练习”等，几乎是环环相扣，步步相连，提高了学生口译练习的可操作性。

从编写内容上来看，有健康、运动、外交、艺术、科技等不同方面的内容，虽然看起来内容庞杂，编者却别有用心的按照口译实践的问题把所有内容串联起来，解决了学生口译实践的各种大小问题。

是口译实践的“非常经典”之作。

4）林超伦《实战口译》北京：外语教学与研究出版社2004年9月第1版别的不说，两大本，一本学习用书，一本教学参考，一个人写的。

作者是外经贸大学的外语老师，后来是英国政府的首席译员。

浅谈口译笔记记录基本原则

浅谈口译笔记记录基本原则摘要译出，这是最好的速记员也难以作到的。

（仲伟合，2006）下面用一段例子来阐述口译笔记技巧的记录基本原则，例子出自著名口译学者林超伦先生的《实战口译》（学生用书，第14 章第三段）从所引笔记可以总结出口译笔记的基本记录原则1 竖向记录，意群分行：(vertical arrangements)竖形的阶梯结构能形象地表示上下文的连贯语义结构，简化译员的思维过程，方便快速的说出译文。

笔记一般根据意群分行，这样能有效避免思路出现混乱，也便于在翻译过程中随时补足信息。

所给例子只有一段文字但总共两大意群，笔记共七行，前四行属于第一部分意群的内容，后三行属于第二意群，这种纵向的格式可以给译员提供清晰的思路。

2 快速书写，减笔连笔（principle of least effort)口译笔记只是给译员自己看的，而且只要当时能看懂就行。

笔记的书写必须尽量简化，尤其是汉字，比画往往很多，要养成在口译笔记中简笔，连笔书写的习惯，尽量做到一笔成字。

汉字是一种形象的表意文字，减笔连笔后并不影响识别。

从笔画的省力方面看，口译笔记宜多用英文书写，比如，上文中第一意群的最后一句“对能源的发展提出了新的更高要求”和第二意群中的第一句“实现能源的可持续性发展”这两句中的“能源”，林超伦先生笔记中都是用“E”代替。

同时笔记力求高度概括，每记下一个字，都要能代表一个词，一个意群乃至于一个句子的意思。

“实现能源的可持续性发展”这一句中，译员也只是写下“实 E- 可-”这几个字。

笔记一定要高度概括，所以在听到“社会保障体系”可以记录为“社保“，上海可以记录为“SH”，合资企业可以记录为“JV”，国民生产总值可以记录为“GNP”，澳门可以记录为“MCO”，不同意可以记录为“N”。

3 巧用符号，形象表意。

（Use abbreviations and symbols)口译笔记中巧用符号是职业译员的一大秘诀。

符号书写快，符号书写灵活，可以代表多种意思，而且形象符合口译记忆：视觉化“visual原ization”的要求，而且方便译员“眼看笔记、口出译文”。

口译爱好者七年经验好书推荐

口译爱好者七年经验好书推荐来源：转自沪江口译频道学无止境这句话真是非常有理。

看看这位口译自学自练了七年的朋友推荐的口译书籍吧！我是一名口译爱好者，自学自练口译已有7年多，口译实践也有好几次的经历。

看到现在市面上突然冒出来那么多口译教程、技巧之类的书，又滥又贵，我觉得自己有责任提供一些自己的经验或者说体会给有志练成口译的人，第一步先将自己使用过觉得还不错的口译好书推荐给大家：1）高级口译教程，梅德明。

现在已经出到第三版了，要考上海高口的人此书必备，不多说了。

对了，网上可以下载到配套mp3，就不要买磁带了哦。

2）口译实例与技巧，冯建中。

这是冯大侠（我有幸见过本人，比我想象的至少年轻20岁）的第三本好书了，冯大侠出书不算多，但每一本都非常有价值，这本最适合自学口译的人在不同阶段把握口译的前进方向，因为书中有很多具体口译的例子。

仔细读吧，在书中你能找到俺们国家最牛的口译国家队队员，像冀朝柱，唐闻生，张建敏，朱彤，雷宁，总之巨牛无比，他们的故事和经验里面都有。

不说了，13级台风推荐！必备阿必备！3）实战口译，林超伦。

英国首席汉英口译员的大作，最适合口译实战练习，对练习笔记很有好处。

4）高级汉英口译教程，王逢鑫。

还过得去的口译教程5）法律口译教程，对外经济贸易大学出版社。

这本书相对专业一些，但要玩法律的口译，这本书作为起步很不错6）出卖口译天机，张建威。

一个同传译员编的，值得看一看。

（稍微有点贵^^)7）同声口译金话筒，侯国金。

这本书练习材料很丰富，简单入门级的，主要是帮俺们练顺句驱动这个同传技巧。

8）英语高级口译资格证书-实考试卷汇编(Ⅲ)，这本书上面的高口真题更新到05年11月那次，配磁带，也是不错的练习材料。

当然要考高口的最好买下了。

9）实用口译手册(增订版)，钟述孔。

伟大的毛主席的译员写的书，是英文写的，里面实际练习材料狂多，还有很多经验介绍，又是必备！啊必备！！10）走进口译-欧盟亚欧口译项目多媒体教学资料。

口译实战三步法----

补
如果没有办法问，就必须走下一步，根据上下文和白己的理解，补齐原话的句子或意思。这种情况下，虽然译文与原话不同，但是没有大错，可以保持讲话的继续。具体怎么补，需要根据当时的情况灵活处理。这里提供几个译员常用的补话表达法： . 这一点 . 这些 . 等等 . 这些人 . 这一点很重要 . 这方面的问题
所以没有其他选择．只有说下去。
. 译员的水平都是相对的，都是从不懂处较多进步到不懂处甚少。也就是说，都是从 “补”和“扔”中过来的，这是现实。 . 如果还不放心“补”和“扔”，那么在众目睽睽之下，还有什么其他办法吗？恐怕
上述三步法讲的只是实战中的应付技巧，要想减少“听不懂”的成分，就必须不断提高白己的语言技能，增加知识量。
扔
如果连“补”都有困难，那就只好走最后一步“扔”，也就是没听懂的地方干脆不译。这是在既无法问，又补不出来，或因为吃不准、不敢补的情况下的无奈之法。
很多人可能对 “补”和“扔”感到担心— —怎么可以倡导“乱来”呢? 这不是乱来，而是分享实战中的应付方法。所谓实战，也就是说： . 译员卡住了，整个活功也就都卡住了，
口译实战三步法----问、补、扔
《实战口译》系列一 FROM: KEVIN LIN 林超伦
“没听懂怎么办？”这是最常被问到的问题。首先必须说明的是，没听懂是不可避免的。虽然水平越高．没听懂的次数就越少，但还是会碰到。口译领域从政治经济、文化教育、媒体广告到石油化工、法律治安、机械采矿都有。越译越知道有时听不懂是必然的。
不合适问的场合包括这些： 1. 译员没有抓住讲话人的准确用词：首先，问题没法开口；其次，会议传译中，需要和讲话人稍微讨论一下才能确认问题是有关刚才说的哪一点。 2. 译员和讲话人同站在台上：讲话人被译员猛一问，可能会一楞，有失形象；而且台下听众距离比较远，他们不会知道译员是在澄清一个问题，会显得场面很尴尬。 3. 译员已经问了几次了：会影响讲话人和听众对译员的信心。 4. 译员问了，但是还没听懂讲话人的回答。

基础口译(二) 教学大纲

基础口译(二)一、课程说明课程编号：180118Z20课程名称：基础口译（二）/Basic Interpreting（II）课程类别：专业教育（必修）课学时/学分：32学时/2学分先修课程：基础口语、基础听力、翻译理论与实践、翻译批评与鉴赏适用专业：英语专业教材：自编课件教学参考书：林超伦.《实战口译》.北京：外语教育与研究出版社,2004.齐伟钧，孙万彪.《基础口译教程》.上海：上海外语教育出版社,2012.苏伟，邓轶.《口译基础》.上海：上海外语教育出版社,2014.二、课程设置的目的意义本课程是英语专业学生主干课之一，基于基础口译（一）阶段对口译基本技能的学习和掌握，本阶段的主要目的和任务是训练学生应该相关主题下篇幅更大和时长更久的传译能力。

学生应积极完成教师的训练指令，掌握英-汉连续口译技能，胜任接待外宾的口译工作，能就政治、经济、文化等多方面的专题进行介绍，论证或叙述，能完成导游、一般性会议与公司商务洽谈等口译任务。

三、课程的基本要求本课程要求培养学生德、智、体、美全面发展，能够适应社会、经济发展需求，具有扎实的英语语言文学基础，比较宽广的人文社科知识和出色的学习、思辨、创造、科研、合作与领导能力，具有中国情怀、跨文化视野的国际通识型人才，同时侧重训练掌握基本的双语（中英）口译技巧，在外事、经贸、文化、教育、传播等领域从事双语（中英）视译、交替传译、随同翻译等基本能力。

(一)在知识要求上，本课程要求熟练掌握英语语言文学学科专业的基础知识和基本理论；熟练掌握英语翻译专业方向，尤其是口译的基础知识和基本理论；熟练掌握人文社科基本知识和中西社会历史文化知识；（二）在能力要求上，本课程要求学生具备熟练的英语听、说、读、写、译能力，熟练掌握中英双语口译能力，具备第二外语实际应用能力、良好的跨文化交际能力、良好的语篇段落逻辑分析能力以及良好的记忆以及笔头速记能力。

（三）在素质要求上，本课程要求学生具有深厚宽广的人文情怀、浓厚的中国情怀、德、智、体、美全面发展的素质、适应社会以及多行业领域快速发展的意识和素质以及全球化、跨文化的国际视野。

林超伦实战口译FieldInterpretation

unit1 (1)Unit3 (2)Unit5 (3)UNIT 7 (4)Unit 9 (5)Unit 11 (6)Unit 13 (7)Unit 15 (9)Unit 17 (10)Unit 19 (11)Unit 21 (12)Unit 23 (13)Unit 25 (14)Unit 27 (15)Unit 29 (16)UNIT 31 (17)Unit 33 (18)Unit 35 (19)unit11.It is a real pleasure to be here to open the third meeting of our forum and to bewelcoming such a distinguished and influential group of people from both our countries, many of whom are now old friends . The forum aims to represent the strength of the relationship between our two countries outside the political relationship and looking round today it is clear that the relationship is very strong indeed.2.It is s sign for me that the forum goes from strength to strength and I believe it is playing akey role in the relations between our two countries as confirmed by the Prime Minister in our call on him this morning. This year, we have taken the theme “the challenge of Globalization” our meetings and discussions. This theme has a particular resonance for me.3.On 11 September, I, along with a number of world statemen, was in Beijing to discuss chinaand the world in the 21st century. None of us could possibly have known as we debated economic development, environmental change and security issues what was going to happen that day. But many of the speakers warned of the fragility of the world order. It made me realize more clearly than at any other time just how very important “understanding” between the nations of the world is.4.Our forum, and the discussions we will have in the next day and a half, is part of this vitalprocess of understanding. Globalization is a challenge for all of us, both developed and developing countries and we have a lot to share and learn. As globalization increases and asall our countries come to terms with the global reach of many industries, we can, as different nations, work together to understand the issues and effects these developments bring.5.People can only grasp these opportunities. People talking, travelling, exchanging ideas andexperiences. And that is what we are here today to do. Our discussions here will centre around a number of very interesting issues: trade and the environment in the globalisation of the economy , chinese culture facing the world, e-learning and e-commerce, balancing public purposes and commercial interests in the media, and China after WTO to name but a few.6.As far as I can see, joining the WTO presents ha huge chanllenge for China. The requirementsof joining WTO for corporate governance, for transparency and for reliable and enforceable laws. Whilst producing some pain in short term, will no doubt be part of the way in which economic growth can be encouraged and sustained. I personally am much looking forward to my own involvement in the discussions on small and medium sized enterprises.7.China’s decision to embrace t he dynamism of the private sector brings up the role smallfirms can play in achieving rapid growth and innovation. They are, and can be, a significant engine for economic development. Therefore, we have much work to do in our forum. We want to show our Chinese friends how much of a partner the UK can be but also that as a sign of a mature and true relationship, we can afford to be frank and open in our discussions with one another.8.This will be particularly true in the sessions on issues of competitiveness and corporategovernance that will be held tomorrow. We ate building on discussions and relationships that are already well founded and I believe that this forum will take the special role that our meeting plays in the relations between our two countries further forward.Unit31.In the space of a single generation, relations between the UK and the People’s Republic ofChina have been transformed. Government-to-government and business-to-business links are closer and more varied than ever before. But the most exciting changes have been in the links between the British and Chinese peoples. Chinese communities have long existed as a respected and cherished presence in British cities.2.But today , more and more British people are visiting China to see for themselves the newdynamism of great cities like Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou. We are re-discovering China’s incomparably rich cultural heritage, as well as its immense economic potential. The Chinese are re-discovering Britain, too. We are delighted to welcome more Chinese visitors to our country each year. Many more Chinese are finding out about Britain through modern media like television and the internet.3.Indeed , there are more Chinese people learning the English language than there are nativespeakers of English in the world today. This growing relationship is measurable, too, in financial terms. British firms now have a huge presence in China, a sign of their confidence in the country and its future. The UK is the largest European investor, and a British company, BP, is investing more capital in China than any other foreign firm. The largest foreign manufacturing investment in Western China is also British.4.The UK is China’s second largest European trading partner. British exports to China last year,at $3.72 billion were up 17% on the year 2000. China’s exports to Britain are at an all-time high. Many Chinese enterprises now regard Britain ‘s flexible and open economy has an ideal launching pad into the wider European market. All this is a far cry from 1972, when the UK and the PRC first exchanged Ambassadors. Then, there were virtually no Chinese student in Britain. Today, there are over 20,000 –one of the largest overseas communities at our universities.5.Then , there were no direct air services between Beijing and London . this year , more than aquarter of a million British tourists will travel to China, then , no serving British Prime Minister or Foreign Secretary had ever visited chan. last year , there were visits from eleven British ministers. The changing nature of international relations requires governments to work ever more closely together for their mutual benefit. In the globalised world economy, the security and prosperity of individual countries often depends on events beyond our borders.6.We are interdependent as well as independent. Challenges such as fighting environmentaldamage ,ensuring global human rights are properly observed, removing barriers to trade and investment , and reducing poverty , have become truly global issues. They loom larger on the agendas of multilateral organizations like the UN, the WTO and ASEM. In the 21st century , bilateral relations between countries will depend on progress on issues like these.7.As two of the five permanent members of the UN Security Council, our government worktogether on a daily basis on problems affecting every corner of the world. Another change in the relationship between Britain and China has been developments in Hong Kong. I am delighted that Hong Kong has prospered since 1997, and that “one country , two systems”is proving such an effective approach.8.As a signatory of the joint declaration, he UK has an abiding interest in the continuedwell-being of the Special Administration Region. But this is only a part of our wider commitment to China, we are increasing the resources we allocate through our department for international development to poverty reduction in China from 25m this year to 60m by 2004.Unit51.Good morning everybody. And welcome to the launch of our new L50, and to thispresentation . In a way, launch is no longer the correct word. Many of you have already hada chance to get to know the new car in your test drive this morning. So , i will not dwell onthe technical capabilities of this car. What i would like to do is to share with you the thoughts that have gone into developing this new model so that you’ll have a better idea of why it’s such an exciting car to drive.2.I will also talk a bit about what has been happening in our company –the direction we areheading, our strategy, and our ambitions. After that, I’ll talk about some of the major stages in our design and development of this model. After this presentation , We’ll have lunch, which is served in the main conference hall. Our chef has promised a few surpri ses. I ‘m curious as you are about what these might be , but , back to the presentation.3.Our new L50 is the first in a family of new car to be launched this year and in the nextcouples of years. It’s the result of the most ambitious investment in our company’s history-125m, in design and development, in production capabilities, in sales network and in our own people. The investment is base on our understanding of the market and our goal for the future. so what are they then?4.We want to sell 800,000 cars a year for the next 5 years . so far this year, we’ve already sold560,000,and congratulations to those of you that have contributed to this success. This represent nearly 20 % increase over the previous year at a time when the market had declined by nearly 10% .much of the increase sales have come from the commitment and dedication of our dealers and our staff . thank you and well done.5.The launch of this L50 will mark the beginning of a series of launches, giving us a fullrange of new cars, 3-door,5-door, estate, diesel, and from 1 liter all the way up to our luxury2 liter saloon. A convertible and a 4-wheel drive are also in the final design stage. With thisnew family, we’ll be able to compete robustly with any competitor in US, and will be able to take on the EU market too. But products alone are not enough.6.We’ve put substantial amount of money and effort into upgrading our retail operation ,into our dealer network and into our own sales forces. This is built on our in-depth knowledge of our customers, what they want and what they need. It is base on the strength of our brand. If you visit one of our re-branded showrooms, you’ll get a strong impression of our brand and what we stand for. We are taking market shares from our competitors. .we are on target to take even more.7.We believe that the most effective way of getting more customers and growing our businessis by new cars. Not just any new cars. It had to be new cars that re-enforce our brand value.Having test driven the L50, I am sure you will all agree with me that the new L50 is exactly that-an embodiment of performance, safety, and functionality. These are the core elements of our brand value. These are features that have caught the attention of media across Europe. These will be repeated in each and every new member of the family.8.That’s all I’d like to say at this stage. My colleagues will now take you through some of thehighlights in the design and development. This is a short video we produced just before this launch. It is meant to answer some questions, what is the thinking behind this development?How do we translate concepts into a new model? How does our core value influence the thinking of people on the factory floor and in showrooms? Ladies and gentlemen, the new L50.UNIT 71.Traditionally HM Treasury , along with the bank of England ,has been responsible fordeciding all aspects of the UK’S economic and financial policy. Following the 1997 election, in which the Labour Party came to power, the macroeconomic policy framework has been reformed. The aim of this reform is to help provide a framework for improved macroeconomic stability and economic growth.2.I would like to explain the key features of the UK economic policy framework, identify thekey institutions, their leaders and main responsibilities. There are three main institutions.The first is HM Treasury which is responsible for the overall economic framework and forfiscal policy in particular. It is led by the Chancellor, Gordon Brown who is an elected politician.3.He is supported by 4 junior minister with specific responsibilities, who are also electedpolitician . the ministers receive advice from three main source: civil servants, political advisers. And for some specific projects, business leaders also prepare advice. Fiscal policy is decided through two main processes: the budget and the spending review process.4.The budget is presented each spring to parliament. It sets out tax policy for the year. Since1997 there has also been a pre-budget report. This explains progress and suggests some ideas for discussion. Later in the spring budget s decision is made. Spending policy is decided every three years. There are two main elements of spending policy. Both are decided at the same time.5.One , the amount of money which each department receives and two, using this money,targets each department will achieve. For example for the education department a target for how many children pass exams. The second main institution is the bank of England . it is led by someone non-political, at the moment, Eddie George. In 1997 it was given full independent to set interest rates. A committee , which includes a Treasury civil servant , makes the decision.6.The level of interest rates is set in order to achieve a certain rate of inflation. This target isdecided by the chancellor. Therefore although the bank can decide the level of interest rates without any interference, the macroeconomic position is guided by an elected politician who is responsible to the country. The bank also deals in the foreign exchange market.7.Finally, the financial services authority is responsible for monitoring and regulating thefinancial services industry. It has four main aims. One, maintaining confidence in the UK financial system. They supervise stock exchanges . two ,promoting public understanding of the financial system. They help consumers to become informed consumers, so that they can manage their financial affairs more effectively.8.Three , securing the right degree of protection for consumers. They monitor how firms andindividuals are meeting standards. Where serious problems arise they investigate and, if appropriate, discipline or prosecute those that have violated rules, four, helping to reduce financial crime. Their work focuses on three main types of financial crime: money laundrying, fraud, and criminal market misconduct such as insider dealingsUnit 91.Your Excellencies, distinguished guests, my lords, ladies and gentlemen, it is with greatpleasure that I welcome you tonight to this magnificent castle. We warmly welcome you and your distinguished delegation to Wales. Wales is small country compared with China, however , the welsh people have made a significant contribution to the development of the UK and to the part the UK has played throughout the world.2.Welsh companies make an important contribution to the UK economy. Some arerepresented here this evening. Many already trade with China. Mangy more would like to do so. This is one aspect of the growing relationship between our two country. China is a focal point for trade and investment form Wales. Wales’s exports to China are valued at over 25million. It’s good, but not good enough. I would encourage welsh companies to do better.3.I would like also ask you, Mr. chairman, to help increase the awareness of Wales amongChinese companies , particularly among Chinese companies that are considering their first move into Europe. For many years, Wales has been on e of the most popular destinations for foreign investment in Europe , Investors in Wales have brought over 12 billion into the country and contribute to reinvest once established.4.Investors are not limited to US and Europe . many companies from the far east have chosento establish their European operations here. Our welsh development agency has set up an office in China, it demonstrates our commitment to your country. Meanwhile , welsh companies are increasingly focused on outward investment and establishing joint venture with partners in China. China’s accession to the world trade organization will p resent new opportunities for both our economies.5.Developing special relationships with China is something to which we attach greatimportance, not only through trade but in other areas such as science , education, and justice, recently , the welsh science mission visited China, the visit raised Wales’s profile with the Chinese scientific community, it also established an exchange scheme in which welsh scientists will benefit.6.The warm reception the delegation received in China was a clear signal of the highlyproductive relationship which Wales and China have developed. During the visit, we signeda memorandum of understanding with our Chinese counterparts in the scientific community.This will encourage and facilitate greater scientific cooperation between China and Wales. I understand that tomorrow morning , there will be several working group meetings to explore other areas of common interest. I look forward to receiving their report in due course.7.Mr. chairman , as you are aware, there has been contact at ministerial level. Not long ago,we were delighted to receive a visit from his Excellancy Mr. Wen Jiabao. as you know already, his visit was a great success. In return our deputy first minister has just accepted a generous invitation to lead a delegation to China later this year. They will be visiting Beijing ,shanghai , and Guangzhou. They are looking forward to this visit.8.These visitors are clear signals of the highly productive relationship which Wales and Chinahave developed. Judging by the crowd that have gathered here tonight. I am very confident that the relationship will continue to grow. Thank you for taking the time to include a visit to Wales in your busy and demanding program. We are honored by your presence here this evening and would ask you to take back with you the warmest good wishes from the people of Wales and the UK , may I now propose a toast.Unit 111.Welcome to Pfizer- the world’s largest , ,most valuable and fastest –growing pharmaceuticalcompany. Ours is a noble purpose: to he lp realize humanity’s quest for longer , healthier, happier lives. Our mission is to become the world’s most valued company in serving patients, customers, colleagues ,investors, business partners and the communities where we work and live. We now employ 90,000 people worldwide, turning well over 30 billion a year.Spending more than 5 billion a year on research and development. Our products are available in more than 150 countries.2.It all start back in 1849, when Charles Pfizer & company opened as a fine-chemicals business.It was a modest red-brick building in the Williansburg section of Brooklyn , New York. it served as office , laboratory, factory, and ware house .the company’s first product was santonin-a palatable antiparasitic which was an immediate success., for the past 154 years.pfizer has been discovering , developing , manufacturing, and marketing leading prescription medicines for humans and animals and many of the world’s best –known consumer brands.3.Pfizer is built on three pillars: a broad portfolio of human pharmaceuticals meeting essentialmedical needs; a wide range of consumer products aimed at self-care and well-being ; and health products for livestock and companion animals. research and development is the lifeblood of our business. To c ontinue our heritage of innovation , we support the world’s largest privately funded biomedical research organization ,engaging 12.000 scientists and other research colleagues worldwide.4.We currently have nearly 100 new medicines in various stages of development, and areworking on dozens of new uses for our current medicines. Our targets include many of humanity’s most feared illness, including cardiovascular disease, diabetes, Alzheimer ’s ,cancer ,HIV/AIDS ,depression and schizophrenia.(精神分裂) pfizer is also a leader In contributing to the development of communities where we live and work.5.We have pioneered numerous initiatives to improve access to medicines including theinternational Trachoma Initiative, (沙眼) aimed at the world ‘s greatest cause of prev entable blindness，and the Diflucan partnership , aimed at HIV/AIDS patients in developing nations.Through the pfizer foundation, we are building with our partners an advanced infectious disease treatment and medical education center in Kampala, Uganda.6.In the US , we sponsor the pfizer for living share card. A program that provide eligible,low-income medicine recipient without prescription drug coverage the opportunity to purchase a 30 –day supply of Pfizer medicine for 15 per prescription. A career with Pfizer is one of the most rewarding choices you can make. Pfizer has been recognized as one of the nation’s best employers and most admired company. We seek talented people from a broad array of disciplines and prize diversity of thought and experience.7.Our company is thoroughly grounded In our values. They begin with a prized personal andorganizational quality-integrity-and end with a shared concern for community. Our values include leadership, innovation, performance, teamwork, customer focus, and request for people. These values guide every decision we make, everywhere we make them, as you can sense by now, these are exciting times for our company.8.We demand of ourselves and others the highest ethical standards, and our products andprocesses will be of the highest quality. We are deeply committed to meeting the needs of our customers. And we constantly focus on customer satisfaction. We play an active role in making every country and community in which we operate a better place to live and work. I hope you will enjoy your visit for the rest of the day, thank you.Unit 131.Standard Chartered is the world’s leading emerging market bank. It employs 29,000 peoplein over 500 offices in more than 50 countries in the Asia pacific Region, south Asia, the middle east, Africa, united kingdom and the Americas. Our global headquarters is in London.The bank serves both consumer and wholesale banking customers. The consumer bank provides credit cards, personal loans, mortgages, deposit taking activity and wealth management services to individuals and medium- sized business.2.The wholesale bank provides services to multinational, regional, and domestic corporate andinstitutional clients in trade finance, cash management, custody , lending, foreign exchange, interest rate management and debt capital markets. Like all companies we are operating in a climate of massive change. We are therefore developing new strategies to ensure that our business keeps abreast of the moves to apply the principles of corporate social responsibility.3.Standard Chartered recognizes its responsibilities to its staff and to the communities inwhich it operates. We believe that with appropriate policies and practices in place we can bea legitimate influence for good by promoting the best standards of socially responsiblebusiness in the developing world. By doing so we hope to stimulate positive change and greater engagement. Standard Charted strives to operate in a manner that meets or exceeds the ethical , legal, commercial, and public expectations of society.4.Our objective is to benefit all of our stakeholders including our shareholders, customers,staff and the communities in which we operate. We strongly support the trend towards delivering shareholder value in a socially, ethically and environmentally responsible manner.We also believe that improved transparency through reporting and improved engagement through dialogue offers clear benefit, not only for society, but also for standard Chartered.5. A responsible organization will be better able to attract and retain its customers, employees,shareholders and suppliers. It will operate with greater cohesion and clearer focus. It will be better able to listen and respond rapidly to changing needs and markets. Responsibility, dialogue ,action and reporting are the key elements in a virtuous circle through which everyone benefits. We are proud to promote our support for corporate social responsibility.6.Standard Chartered offers personal financial solutions relevant to you as an individual . someof these include priority banking, credit care, insurance, personal investment as well as retail services. We treasure building a relationship with you, developing an understanding of your changing financial needs at different stage of your life. Our long heritage of nearly 150 years had enabled us to change with time. Offering quality products by means that are convenient to you.7.Business financial services offer one of the widest range of banking products and services inthe market today. Managing a growing business demands most of you time and energy. That is why working with the right bank can help your business sail more smoothly. Corporate & Institutional banking provides cash management, custody and trade finance services. We offer a one stop risk management solution to our customers-the local corporate, multinational companies, investment and financial institutions, and central banks.8.Corporate & Institutional banking provides cash management , custody and trade financeservices through our strong market networks in Asia, Africa, the Middle East and Latin America. we provide a bridge to these markets for clients form the US and Europe. With 150 years in the emerging markets the bank has unmatched knowledge and understanding of its customers in its markets.Unit 151.Prudential was founded in 1848. As the prudential mutual assurance, the investment andloan association in London. The company grew from a small life assurance company, with a customer base limited to the well-off middle classes, to Britain’s la rgest life company by number of policy-holders. In 1854 prudential opened its industrial department and began to sell ”penny policies” that could be afforded by poorer people.2.The department really began to expand in 1856 when the company pioneered infantileinsurance, allowing parents to insure the lives of children under the age of ten. By keeping statistical records about policy-holders, prudential was able to calculate accurate premium rates and improve the benefits payable on policies. By the turn of the century one third of the population was insured with “ the pru“ .by the mid 1970s, the company started to employ lady clerks and use “ modern “calculator and typewriters.3.By 1900 there were nearly 15,000 agents collecting prudential premiums. Until 1915prudential sold life assurance only. In 1915 the range of business was extended with the opening of the general branch, through which fire, accident, marine and other form of insurance were sold from 1919 onwards. During the 1920s prudential began go expand overseas and agencies were set up all over the world to sell prudential policies.4.In Britain, new policies were introduced for women, family protection and long term savingopportunities. In the post war period the range of prudential’s products change d towards an emphasis on savings, annuities, pensions and family income protection. In the 1970s a number of acquisitions were made and in 1978 prudential corporation was set up as the holding company for the group. The focus on adopting new sales and marketing techniques to promote products dominated the 1980s.5.The sales force was restructured to deal better with customer needs and new channels ofcommunication were opened through telephone sales and independent financial advisers. In 1986, prudential was launch as the new image for prudential corporation, the traditional values of the company presented in a modern forward-looking way, the 1990s saw further diversification of products and methods of communication.6.Sales by telephone and through IFAs have gradually reduced the role of direct sales incustomer’s home. In 1997 Scottish amicable was acquired, strengthening prudential’s position in the IFA sector. The launch of egg in 1998 saw prudential use a new distribution channel, targeting the internet generation. The acquisition of M&G, the fund managers, in 1999 strengthened the Group’s investment portfolio. In recent years prudential has expanded in key markets, principally the US and Asia.7.Prudential corporation Asia has operational business in Singapore, Malaysia, Thailand,Indonesia, China , Vietnam, and the Philippines. New business ventures have been established in Japan and Korea in the last year. In the US, Prudential’s subsidiary, Jackson National Life is represented in all states and distributes products through independent agents as well as financial institutions and broker-dealer. The next of the importance of international business can be seen by the fact that over 50% of the group’s sales are international.8.Prudential’s history has been about change and innovation . throughout its history。

《口译技巧》教学大纲(1)

Consecutive Interpreting Techniques课程编号：12600830学时：40 学分：2.5课程性质：必修选课对象：英语（国际贸易）专业内容概要：简要介绍了交替口译的基本知识，英汉双语交替口译的主要技巧、基本特点及运用；应用交传技巧于一般题材的综合口译实践练习以及有一定难度的外贸与商务等专业方面的综合口译与训练。

建议选用教材：《实用英语口译教程》，冯建忠主编，译林出版社2002主要参考书目：《简明英汉口译技巧与实践》任静生自编《实战口译》，林超伦编著，外语教学与研究出版社2004《实用口译手册》（增订版），钟述孔著，中国对外翻译出版公司1999《汉英英汉经贸口译教程》胡修浩陈振东编著，上海财经大学出版社1998学时：40 学分：2.5教学大纲说明一、课程目的与任务《口译技巧》是英语（国际贸易）专业高年级的一门必修的重要技能课程。

其任务是使学生在已完成了《高级英语》，《英语听力》和《英汉笔译》等课程的基础上，进一步深化和提高他们的语言交际能力，语言应用能力。

通过本课程的学习使学生能了解和熟悉我国基本国情和重大路线、方针和政策，学会“宣传自己，了解别人”以培养学生能基本掌握交替口译的主要技巧与一定的实践能力。

目标应达到能胜任一般外宾日常生活口译，也能担任一般外事活动的口译的工作。

同时还应初步掌握外贸和商务方面的口译技巧并基本具备从事该方面工作的能力，从而为学生将来有志从事口译工作或发展为复合型人才奠定基础，以适应新世纪对外语人才的新要求和新挑战。

二、课程的基本要求《口译技巧》课是英语（国际贸易）专业高年级的必修课同时也是一门重要的专业技能课。

通过本课程的学习，要求学生能熟悉并了解交替口译的基本理论，掌握和运用英汉两种语言口译的特点，技巧和基本知识从而进一步提高学生综合应用能力，既要学习交替口译的技巧，更重视实践能力的锻炼与提高。

三、与其他课程的联系与分工本课程是英语（国际贸易）专业或应用英语专业高年级的重要专业技能课，是一门提高学生语言综合应用能力、交际能力的重头课。

林超论实战口译

在这里，我将举实例介绍我的笔记方法，以及我如何以笔记与大脑短期记忆互动的方式保证译文的精确度。

由于口译条件的限制，其精确度不能以笔译的尺度衡量，也没有必要这样做。

口译的听众与笔译的读者，需求不同，预期也不同。

由于使用实例讲解，无法把口译要点分门别类地举例。

我将顺着例子讲下去。

讲完之后，各项要点也就都包括其中了。

人脑思维速度极快，一闪而过的念头，解说起来会显得繁杂。

不过，我希望你能在开始时，多一点耐心。

很快你就会发现，我的讲解读起来似乎繁杂，但背后的思路，也就是说一旦使用起来，要明快得多。

开始前，提醒一下，不要忘了笔记是必需和记忆互动的。

二者缺一不可。

以下的实例解说，均以此为基础。

第二层次：一个"工"加圆圈，提醒"工"字后面还有话。

另外，一条垂直线体现出第二层与第一层有关联。

此后一个箭头，再加"权"，足以帮助短期记忆，说出译文："工党上台掌权"。

第三层次：一个"M"加圆圈，提醒"M"字后面还有话。

从短期记忆中回顾出"宏观经济框架"。

接着，一条横线体现关联，线后一个"改"字，于是补齐译文："对宏观经济框架进行了改革"。

最后划圈，带横杆，表示本段讲话到此结束。

备注：使用的4个汉字都经过"理顺"。

其中2个是一笔成字。

The aim of this reform is to help provide a framework for improved macroeconomic stability and economic growth.承上启下：一划从上段的"改"字左斜拉下来，接着往右一拐弯。

口译初步与视译课程教学大纲-防灾科技学院

防灾科技学院《口译初步与视译》课程教学大纲外语系英语专业《口译初步与视译》教学大纲课程代码：2008458课程名称：口译初步与视译/Introduction of Interpreting Theory and Practice and Sight Translation学时学分：32学时/2学分先修课程：英语专业基本技能课程，英语视听说适用专业：英语课程归属部门：外语系一、本课程性质及与其他课程的分工与联系本课程是英语专业学生的专业课程之一，主要通过讲授口译基本理论、口译背景知识以及对学生进行口译基本技巧的训练，使学生初步掌握口译程序和基本技巧，初步学会口译记忆方法、口译笔记、口头概述、公众演讲等基本技巧和口译基本策略，培养学生关心时事的信息意识，积累知识，掌握文献检索、资料查询的基本方法；培养学生的话语分析能力，提高学生的逻辑思维能力、语言组织能力和双语表达能力，提高学生跨文化交际的能力和英汉两种语言互译的能力，为进入下一阶段讨论式、按照口译语类对学生进行口译基本技巧的训练做准备。

本课程是英语专业的一门必修课，其先修课程是精读、听力、语音、口语、泛读、英美概况、语法课、英语视听说、英汉互译基础等课程有密切联系。

精读课是综合培养学生听说读写译等方面能力的基础课程，学生必须首先通过精读课程达到一定听说读写译的能力，为视译做好准备；听力水平是口译的重中之重，听力水平是进行听译的必备条件，学生必须通过基础听力以及英语视听说的训练，为口译听记奠定基础；口语课可以使学生熟悉语言的特点，深刻记忆单词的发音，句子的连续等，让学生在口译的过程中能辨别各种口音，从而为提高口译的流利程度奠定基础。

英美概况课可以使学生了解英语国家的背景知识，为学生做好口译奠定文化基础。

语法课能够帮助学生在听力中抓住句子的基本结构以及一些特殊句式，从而能够提高学生在汉英口译中准确表达的能力。

泛读课能帮助学生积累词汇量，提高学生整体理解文章的能力，为在口译过程中整体把握意思、准确记录要点打下基础。

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油气并举 Breaking up the monopoly 打破独家垄断 Extend our capabilities through partnership 扩展自己的能力 A network of 许多 Product reference 产品检索 The time to market 推出时间 Packaged application 成套应用 Along a value-added continuum 增加价值的持续过程 Customer call centers 顾客服务电话中心 On budget delivery 依照预算的送达 Disruptive technology 冲击现有成熟技术的新出现的低成本简单技术 Speed and well-planned progression 快速而又循序渐进的发展 Interactive sharing 互动共享 Frog-leaping 跨越式的 The core competitiveness 核心竞争力 An intrinsic part of …
有目共睹 Ecological and environmental damage 生态环境破坏 Blind development 盲目发展 Maintain the right balance3 掌握分寸 Reduce water shortage 缓解缺水局面 A corruption free government 廉洁政府 Some food for thought 供大家参考 Wholly owned 独资 Ride the wave 乘浪而行 Share ownership 股份制 3improve in their skill 提高自身素质 Knows themselves and their competitor equally well 知己知彼 Experiment 理论上还不清楚，需要进一步探测 Pilot 理论上已经知道怎么做，实际上还需要真的实践检验 Rationalize regulatory system 理顺监管体制 Chancellor of the Exchequer
不可缺少的 Mile from mile, hour after hour…running and running 日复一日，年复一年 Up-time 正常运转 Down-time 出现故障 A proven track record in … 在…上成绩卓著 The aftermarket 售后服务 Responsible for 所担任的工作和职责进行负责 Accountable to 管理者对于被管理者，或其他利益相关人士负责 Procurement 政府，军警方和组织机构购买 Private-public partnership 公私伙伴关系 Gone out to 发布了 Tramways 有轨电车 Guided buses 导向电车 Above board 没有隐藏，没有腐败 Moving from inception towards maturity 从雏形走向完善 It has brought momentum to the development…
实战口译林超伦
Corporate governance 公司行为准则 Enterprises 仅对事业单位而言 Capability 商业运作方面的能力和达到某种质量或水平的能力 Capacity 生产或工作中量的方面 Weaker industries 弱势产业 A huge presence 很大规模 An all-time high 创记录水平 An ideal launching pad 理想跳板 A far cry from 大不相同 Interdependent as well as independent 相互独立又相互联系 Loom larger 问题愈发严重 Internal mechanism 内在机制 Strike the right balance 达到平衡 For all to see
重点地区 The home of overseas Chinese 侨乡 The ancestors land 祖籍地 ce market forces 利用市场力量 Grant 拨款，无需偿还，花完了事的钱 A powerhouse 异军突起 Tarmac road 柏油马路 Replicable models 可推广的模式 Pro-poor plans 照顾穷人的计划 Kilowatt-hour 每千瓦小时=度 Either close to, or already among the nest in china 接近或已经达到国内先进水平 Junior vocational school 中专 Senior vocational school 职高 Required level 达标 A myriad of 各种各样的 A broad spectrum of
财政大臣 Insider dealing 知情者交易 Country 疆土，国土，家园 Nation 人民，民族，国民 State 政权，国家机器 Itching to have a piece of the action 跃跃欲试 Snatched up the other 被别人夺走了 Outward investment 对外投资 Crops and plantation 种植业 Production to order 订单农业 Tree planting and green creation project 造林绿化 Dairy product 奶产品 Carry out on all fronts 全面展开 Roll out 全面推广 In pace and in quality 高速度，高质量 Combine harvesters
对…进程具有积极的作用 Front-end 公司业务中直接和顾客，合作伙伴或供应商接触的部门 Back-end 后勤和其他支持部门 Be well positioned to be… 具有…优越条件 Road show 巡回演出 Municipal government 市政府 There is … to the east 东侧是… Attracting investment by being green, staying green through investment 以绿引资，以资养绿 Managed on cross-office basis 跨办公室管理 Lifelong learning 终生教育 Build up a large pool of human resources 形成人才资源高地 Trading name 营业名称 Organic growth 自身增长 Profit share 利润分成 At a moment’s notice 随时 Priority area
覆盖…的广泛内容 Due diligence processes 应尽职责过程 Stay ahead of the curve 走在最前面
联合收割机作业 The eco-agriculture alone county 生态农业示范县 The eco-homeland plan 生态家园计划 In the face of increasing competition 竞争越来越激烈的情况下 Township 乡镇 A powerhouse 生力军 Realize humanity’s quest for longer, healthier and happier life 实现梦寐以求的理想，延长寿命，增强体质和生活幸福 Pressed on with reforms 继续深化改革 A year on year increase 同比增长 Integrated application 综合利用 Energy consumption per unit 单位能耗 Customer 购买者，与产品或服务供应商没有紧密联系 Clients 购买者和供应商有合同或者其他形式的相对稳定的关系 Debt capital market 借贷资本市场 Developing energy and at the same time saving it, with the saving taking priority 开发与节约并举，把节约放在首位 Work on oil and gas simultaneously