2006年11月英译汉真题

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三笔注意事项

三级笔译注意事项一、语序（英译汉）解决表达问题有4个技巧，就是断结构、换主语、动词化和调顺序，基本上是在维护顺翻的情况下，做微小的调整，这样产生的一个错误倾向是，一些同学在考试时一味顺翻，不顾中文的表达习惯，造成失分。

比如2006年11月真题里面的一个句子："This new fast recovery of tourism we are observing is kind of strange," said John Koldowski, director for the Strategic Intelligence Center of the Bangkok-based Pacific Asia Travel Association. 如果是纯粹的"视译"，也就是某种同传式的译文是这样的：“旅游业最近快速回升，我们观察到的这种现象有点奇怪。

”约翰-考尔多斯基说道，他是战略情报中心主任，来自总部设在曼谷的太平洋亚洲旅行协会。

这样的翻译是以6-9个单词为一个单位，在主句、从句、分词和小词处断句，按照英文的顺序做做动词，换换主语的结果。

但是，这样的中文说说尚可，但是是很不规范的书面语，在笔译的时候必须耐心地调整顺序：“我们注意到旅游业最近快速回升，这种情况是有一点奇怪。

”总部设在曼谷的太平洋亚洲旅游协会战略情报中心主任约翰－考尔多斯基说道。

因为考试的时候没有草稿纸，也根本没有时间打草稿，所以落笔时脑子里面想好在下笔，可以拿铅笔在原题目上断结构后，标明一下该调整的位置。

二、选词（英译汉）翻译的时候要尽量地贴近原文，追求最接近于直译的意译，不要太近，也不要太远。

不追求词藻，原文美，译文就尽量美；原文朴素，译文就别穿花衣服。

而在实际操作里，我发现一些同学把不追求用词变成了大概就行，没有意识到选词用词是笔译考试的一个重要采分点，例如在2005年5月的真题：The importance of agriculture cannot be overstated. More than 50% of the world labor force is employed in agriculture. The distribution in the early 1980s ranged from 67% of those employed in Africa to less than 5% in North America. In Western Europe, the figure was about 16%; in Eastern Europe and the Soviet Union, about 32%; and in Asia, about 68%. 划线两处必须翻译成“从事”和“比例”，不能翻成“被雇佣”（因为中文被动句少，而且这里显然不是强调谁雇谁做某事），以及“分布”（因为利用我们的并联，下文的几个百分比已经非常明确地指明了distribution的含义了）。

2006年11月人事部三级笔译实务考试英译汉答案

2006年11月人事部三级笔译实务考试英译汉答案尽管去年发生了许多自然灾害和人为的灾害，但是旅游者比以往更加坚决地出门旅行。

虽然去年12月亚洲的海啸产生了巨大的破坏力，最近克什米尔发生了地震，伦敦和巴厘岛出现了自杀性炸弹袭击，游客却毫不在意，无论在旅游路线上的地点或其他地方是否有危险。

在某些情况下，受到灾难影响的旅游地区吸引的游客人数快速反弹，甚至比灾难发生之前的数量还多。

“我们注意到旅游业最近快速回升，这种情况是有一点奇怪。

”总部设在曼谷的太平洋亚洲旅游协会战略情报中心主任约翰－考尔多斯基说道，“这使你想到那句老话，就是-只要是宣传,好坏都不赖。

”虽然整理过去12个月的灾难年度数据还为时尚早，但是旅游业专家指出，现在旅游业发展总的趋势是清楚明确的。

世界旅游协会指出，今年休闲旅游预期增长约5％。

“每次一有灾难发生，旅游业现在好像反弹得更快，旅游人数比灾害前更高。

”总部在伦敦得世界旅游及旅行理事会副理事长尤菲－伊布拉辛说道。

比如伦敦。

7月8日伦敦的自杀爆炸袭击造成56人死亡，700人受伤。

尤菲说：“看起来几乎是那些躲开了炸弹袭击的人决定再来伦敦看看。

”早期数字指出，对于其他遭受灾难的地方来说也是如此。

例如，太平洋亚洲旅游协会的统计表明，虽然2004年12月26日的海啸造成超过3万人死伤，但是今天3月到8月间，来到斯里兰卡的游客人数每个月都比去年同期要高。

为了说明这种趋势，旅游专业人士常常引用的一个先前的例子是巴厘岛。

2002年10月，针对西方人的炸弹袭击造成202人死亡。

然而在爆炸后一年，游客人数骤降至993000人，而2004年反弹至146万人。

太平洋亚洲旅游协会指出，这一数字比炸弹袭击的前两年还高。

太平洋亚洲旅游协会还指出，即使是在巴厘岛炸弹袭击中伤亡最为惨重的澳大利亚人也是如此。

仅在袭击后的两年内，来巴厘岛旅游的人数就反弹至自1998年以来的最高点。

自杀式炸弹袭击者今年再度袭击了巴厘岛，三所饭馆发生爆炸，造成19人死亡。

2006年11月翻译资格考试三级笔译真题

2006年11月翻译资格考试三级笔译真题第一部分：英译汉Faced with growing evidence that avian influenza is spreading in birds, the World Health Organization on Wednesday signed an agreement with the Swiss pharmaceutical company Roche Holding to build up its stockpile of medicines in case of a pandemic in humans.Under the agreement, Roche will reserve three million treatments of its Tamiflu antiviral medicine for use by the UN agency in case of a worldwide human pandemic of avian flu."It's just enough to deal with an initial outbreak," said Jong-Wook Lee, director-general of the WHO. "But clearly this is not enough to deal with a full pandemic."The agency says only 57 people in Indonesia, Vietnam, Thailand and Cambodia have died, mainly from contact with infected birds. The virus has killed millions of chickens and led to preventive culling across Asia since late 2003.Sustained human-to-human infection has not yet been recorded. But the World Health Organization warns that bird flu, which first appeared in Hong Kong in 1997, could mutate genetically, making it easier for humans to catch and transmit the disease among themselves.Signs the disease has spread recently to birds in Siberia and Kazakhstan are adding to concerns, the WHO says. A panel of EuropeanUnion experts will convene Thursday in Brussels to discuss measures to prevent the spread of bird deaths to European poultry.When asked whether he thought a widespread outbreak in humans was imminent,Lee said: "We don't know when it will come. But it would be hugely irresponsible if the WHO and member states did not take preventive measures now."Roche declined to give figures for its stockpiles of Tamiflu.A spokeswoman for the company, Martina Rupp, said it took from 12 to 18 months to deliver the drug after an order was placed- a relatively long time due to a complicated production process.第二部分：汉译英25年来，中国坚定不移地推进改革开放，社会主义市场经济体制初步建立，开放型经济已经形成，社会生产力和综合国力不断增强，各项社会事业全面发展，人民生活总体上实现了由温饱到小康的历史性跨越。

历年三级笔译试题

历年三级笔译试题历年三级笔译试题全国翻译专业资格(水平)考试分资深翻译，一级，二级，三级口译和笔译四个级别，下面是店铺分享的英语三级级笔译历年试题，希望能帮到大家!第一部分英译汉Freed by warming, waters once locked beneath ice are gnawing at coastal settlements around the Arctic Circle. In Bykovsky, a village of 457 on Russia's northeast coast, the shoreline is collapsing, creeping closer and closer to houses and tanks of heating oil, at a rate of 15 to 18 feet a year."It is practically all ice - permafrost - and it is thawing." For the four million people who live north of the Arctic Circle, a changing climate presents new opportunities. But it also threatens their environment, their homes and, for those whose traditions rely on the ice-bound wilderness, the preservation of their culture.A push to develop the North, quickened by the melting of the Arctic seas, carries its own rewards and dangers for people in the region. The discovery of vast petroleum fields in the Barents and Kara Seas has raised fears of catastrophic accidents as ships loaded with oil and, soon, liquefied gas churn through the fisheries off Scandinavia, headed to markets in Europe and North America. Land that was untouched could be tainted by pollution as generators, smokestacks and large vehicles sprout to support the growing energy industry.are noticing changes in weather and wildlife. They are trying to adapt, but it can be confounding.In Finnmark, Norway's northernmost province, the Arcticlandscape unfolds in late winter as an endless snowy plateau, silent but for the cries of the reindeer and the occasional whine of a snowmobile herding them.A changing Arctic is felt there, too. "The reindeer are becoming unhappy," said Issat Eira, a 31-year-old reindeer herder.Few countries rival Norway when it comes to protecting the environment and preserving indigenous customs. The state has lavished its oil wealth on the region, and Sami culture has enjoyed something of a renaissance. And yet no amount of government support can convince Mr. Eira that his livelihood, intractably entwined with the reindeer, is not about to change. Like a Texas cattleman, he keeps the size of his herd secret. But he said warmer temperatures in fall and spring were melting the top layers of snow, which then refreeze as ice, making it harder for his reindeer to dig through to the lichen they eat."The people who are making the decisions, they are living in the south and they are living in towns," said Mr. Eira, sitting inside his home made of reindeer hides. "They don't mark the change of weather. It is only people who live in nature and get resources from nature who mark it."A push to develop the North, quickened by the melting of the Arctic seas, carries itsown rewards and dangers for people in the region. The discovery of vast petroleum fields in the Barents and Kara Seas has raised fears of catastrophic accidents as ships loaded with oil and, soon, liquefied gas churn through the fisheries off Scandinavia, headed to markets in Europe and North America. Land that was untouched could be tainted by pollution as generators, smokestacks and large vehicles sprout to support the growing energy industry.第二部分汉译英维护世界和平，促进共同发展，谋求合作共赢，是各国人民的共同愿望，也是不可抗拒的当今时代潮流。

CATTI三级笔译2006年11月综合部分试题及答案

2006 年11 月英语三级《笔译综合能力》试题Section 1: Vocabulary and Grammar (25 points)Part 1 Vocabulary SelectionIn this part, there are 20 incomplete sentences. Below each sentence, there are 4 choices respectively marked byletters A, B, C and D. Choose the word or phrase which best completes each sentence. There is only ONE rightanswer. Blacken the corresponding letter as required on your Machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.1. She did not ______ staying at home as she had some sewing to do.A. matterB. careC. objectD. mind2. I should like to rent a house, that is modern, cozy and, ______ , in a convenient place.A. before allB. above allC. over allD. first of all3. Leading stress management experts say that life with stress would be dull and ______.A. disorderlyB. time-consumingC. fruitlessD. unexciting4. Martin has created enough memorable ______ to make it easy to forgive his lows.A. youngstersB. noblesC. highsD. miserables5. Basca has ______ his first prize at the Intel Science Talent Search, the premier national high school sciencecompetition.A. landedB. lentC. renderedD. brought6. No one was ______ in the accident.A. injuredB. damagedC. woundedD. suffered7. John is handsome ______ the scar on his face.A. althoughB. even ifC. instead ofD. despite8. Even at an early stage the school felt that she ______ a good chance of passing her exams.A. stoodB. gainedC. possessedD. took9. Orson accused the man ______ the theft.A. forB. ofC. inD. on10. I can't tell the time because the ______ of the clock have been removed.A. handsB. pointersC. armsD. fingers11. One person ______ 10 now goes to a university in this country.A. ofB. overC. inD. from12. This book is full of practical ______ on home repair.A. helpsB. tipsC. aidsD. clues13. I'm so tired that I can't take ______ what you're saying.A. upB. outC. inD. on14. His failure ______ great disappointments to his parents.A. forcedB. causedC. madeD. provided15. The little boy was continually ______ the ornaments.A. tripping upB. falling downC. breaking upD. knocking over16. If a star seems to be moving in a wavy line, we ______ it of being a double star.A. doubtB. believeC. guessD. suspect17. I wrote to my bank manager, ______ to getting a loan.A. in the hopeB. on the questionC. with the aimD. with a view18. His emotional problems ______ from his experiences as a child, I think.A. stemB. flourishC. rootD. sprout19. ______ pollution control measures are expensive, many industries hesitate to adopt them.A. AlthoughB. HoweverC. BecauseD. On account of20. ______ of recent political developments, he was taken by surprise upon his arrival in the capital.A. UnexpectedB. UnacquaintedC. UnawareD. UnknowingPart 2 Vocabulary Replacement21. The doctor preferred to resign rather than be accused publicly of infamous conduct.A. unknownB. extraordinaryC. mysteriousD. disgraceful22. Since Jonas Salk came up with his polio vaccine, infantile paralysis has virtually disappeared from the UnitedStates.A. surfaced withB. raised the price ofC. discoveredD. elevated23. In the nineteenth century, poor Europeans seeking to make their fortunes turned to America asa matter ofcourse.A. automaticallyB. obviouslyC. traditionallyD. resignedly24. Nineteenth-century scholars tried to trace the origins of modern languages to ancient Hebrew.A. limitB. connectC. convertD. draw25. Icy roads and poor visibility are familiar hazards in the midwest.A. chancesB. dangersC. conditionsD. occurrences26. For all their protestations, they heeded the judge's ruling.A. In spite ofB. On behalf ofC. Because ofD. Without27. The space shuttle program entails the use of sophisticated technology.A. enhancesB. developsC. createsD. involves28. Tom was avid for learning and imitating and read everything he could.A. eagerB. surgingC. appreciativeD. vigorous29. The country will no longer be plagued by turmoil.A. constant changeB. bad weatherC. utter confusionD. fuel shortages30. As a general rule, September is the worst month of the year for hurricanes in the Gulf.A. NormallyB. On rare occasionsC. InvariablyD. Sometimes31. Innovative approaches to manufacturing, coupled with the tremendous size of the domestic market, led to theemergence of the United States as an industrial giant.A. followed byB. deriving fromC. combined withD. mixed with32. Laurel leaves are still an emblem of victory.A. a symbolB. a resultC. a suggestionD. a spoil33. The National Industrial Recovery Act was designed to spur industry.A. taxB. stimulateC. censureD. rebuke34. When the Erie Canal was built in the 1820's, it was the engineering marvel of its time.A. wonderB. disputeC. frustrationD. model35. Mary McCarthy's satires are couched in the prose style that has a classic precision.A. fusedB. prefacedC. standardizedD. expressedPart 3 Error Correction336. When he fails his final examination, he is sure of a university place.A. IfB. In caseC. Even whenD. Even if37. He says, you must take in those responsibilities.A. take awayB. take onC. take outD. take off38. When they broke open the door, they found a strange man lied on the floor unconscious.A. layB. laidC. lainD. lying39. I regret to have not paid more attention to our English lessons at school.A. not payingB. not having paidC. have not paidD. not to have paid40. Without the music, the children would have not had so much fun.A. wouldn't be havingB. wouldn't have beenC. wouldn't beD. wouldn't have had41. John and I have just been telling stories two of us.A. ourselvesB. to each otherC. each of usD. both42. Had I run out of gas, I ought to have called the garage.A. hadB. would haveC. wouldD. should have43. I cannot thank you very. much for your kindness, I owe my success to you.A. soB. tooC. asD. enough44. Don't set him to talking philosophy or he'll go on all evening.A. offB. onC. atD. of45. I suppose the party ended in a friendly atmosphere, isn't it?A. don't IB. do IC. did itD. didn't it46. Scarcely had the van turned the comer than the mirror came off.A. No moreB. No soonerC. Not anyD. No longer47. We don't plan to go to the concert, and so they don't.A. so do theyB. they don't tooC. neither don't theyD. they don't either48. Having finished lunch, the case was discussed.A. they discussed the caseB. they had discussed the caseC. the case was discussedD. the case had been discussed49. When Henry arrived home after a hard day at work, his wife was slept.A. his wife was sleepingB. his wife sleptC. his wife has sleptD. his wife has been sleeping50. It was not until she arrived at the classroom she realized she had forgotten her coursebook.A. and she realizedB. which she realizedC. then she realizedD. that she realizedSection 2: Reading Comprehension (55 points)Texans have bursting pride and love attention. They also have a thick streak of shortsighted greed and, even by American standards, a busted disposition to violence. When they hear this sort of criticism they usually ascribe it to the ignorance and jealousy of stuffy Yankees who have not spent enough time in the state to understand it. For such avowedly robust people they aresurprisingly sensitive. They hated Edna Ferber's novel Giant, which scourged Texan vulgarity, racism and the mores of millionaires, but they bought it in great quantities and packed cinemas to see the film. They would rather be talked about than not, and if you do not talk about them they do it for you.In claiming special qualifies for themselves, Texans have had to become reconciled to the fact that a largenumber of them are not native. In the last century "Gone to Texas" was a commonplace graffito daubed on barns in other states, and in recent years "Gone to Texas" has, figuratively, been written on the front doors of millions of Americans and also Mexicans. In the early 1980s newcomers accounted for nearly two-thirds of the state'spopulation increase. But Texans do not believe they are being diluted. They maintain that Texanhood, or Texianism, is a matter of attitude and that Texanic qualities exist in abundance in many Americans, regardless of their birthplace: it is when these people are planted in Texas, and nourished by its atmosphere, that they flower like true Texans. A man may not be born in Texas, which is unfortunate; but he can be born to be Texan.Many Alaskans are urban, young and raising families, here for a while, and trying to make money before moving to somewhere warmer. But many are staying. While most remain in Anchorage and other centers, some set out to build a cabin in the wilderness and live by hunting, trapping and fishing, learning how to skin a muskrat and moose, how to survive terrible weather, how to be truly in tune with the land, taking pleasure in great silence and unpeopled immensity. To settle the frontier the state has a homesteading program, based on the federalHomestead Act of 1864, which was a key event in the opening up of the American west. Hundreds of Alaskans are awarded parcels of wilderness land in an annual lottery and undertake to invest sweat equity, to build a home within three years and clear and cultivate the land within five. Alaskans love reading about Alaska, and two of the most popular books are a manual on log cabin building and a collection of tales about grizzly bears, of which Alaska is a stronghold. Log cabin life is for the stout-hearted few with the springs of adventure strong in them, and these wilderness Alaskans are remarkable. Some are refugees of one kind or another. Several hundred are Vietnam veterans, tortured by their experiences of war and unable to fit into normal urban life, seeking solace in the wilds.51. Which of the following statements can best describe Texans?A. They are aggressively self-confident of their wisdom.B. They are brutally crude in making a living for themselves.C. They are blindly allergic to negative comments on their weakness.D. They are openly and crudely thin-skinned about discriminations against them.52. The author in Paragraph 1 describes Texans as a class of people who areA. of a mixture of personality consisting of both morality and immoralityB. of a mixture of nature consisting of both pride and violenceC. more sensitive to criticisms of their uncivilized conductsD. born to be savage and uncivilized people53. Which of the following statements can best summarize the implications of Paragraph 2?A. Texans are so conceited that they blindly and subjectively consider everything Texan to be inclusively Texan.B. Texans pride themselves on being superior to other Americans who are not as rich as Texans.C. Texans thumb down on all non-natives and regard them as being less educated and resourceful.D. Texans are crude in nature, savage in behavior, and conceited in personality.54. According to the author, Alaskans are characterized by their distinctive and unique way of life thatA. is embraced by both a strong desire to make money and special qualities for enjoying peaceB. takes hunting, fishing and learning how to skin wild animals as their major activitiesC. is made up of both the enjoyment of staying indoors and the exploration of and doing the wildernessD. consists of both the love of themselves and the lust for wealth55. Alaskans love reading books aboutA. Alaskans' way of living as hunters and as log cabin buildersB. Alaskans' keen interest in living in the wild and the abundance in wild animalsC. stories about Alaskans' log cabin life and their abundance of grizzly bearsD. stories telling how Alaskans were cultivating the land and building log cabinsQuestions 56-60Caesar was right. Thin people need watching. I've been watching them for most of my adult life, and I don't like what I see. When these narrow fellows spring at me, I quiver to my toes. Thin people come in all personalities, most of them menacing. You've got your "together" in person, your mechanical thin person, your condescending thin purism, your tsk-tsk thin person, your efficiency-expert thin person. All of them are dangerous.In the first place, thin people aren't fun. They don't know how to goof off, at least in the best, fat sense of the word. They've always got to be adoing. Give them a coffee break, and they'll jog around the block. Supple them with a quiet evening at home, and they'll fix the screen door and lick S & H green stamps. They say things like "there aren't enough hours in the day". Fat people never say that. Fat people think the day is too damn long already.Thin people make me tired. They've got speedy little metabolisms that cause them to bustle briskly. They're forever rubbing their bony hands together and eyeing new problems to "tackle". I like to surround myself with sluggish, inert, easygoing fat people, the kind who believe that if you clean it up today, it'll just get dirty again tomorrow.Some people say the business about the jolly fat person is a myth, that all of us chubbies are neurotic, sick, sad people. I disagree. Fat people may not be chortling all day long, but they're a hell of a lot nicer than the wizened and shriveled. Thin people turn surly, mean, and hard at a young age because they never learn the value of a hot-fudge sundae for easing tension. Thin people don't like gooey soft things because they themselves are neither gooey nor soft. They are crunchy and dull, like carrots. They go straight to the heart of the matter while fat people let things stay all blurry and hazy and vague, the way things actually are. Thin people want to face the truth. Fat people know there is no truth. One of my thin friends is always staring at complex, unsolvable problems and saying, "The key thing is fat people never say that." They know there isn't any such thing as the key thing about anything.56. According to the author, most thin people are dangerous becauseA. their personalities are mostly made up of disgusting elementsB. most of their personalities carry threatening elementsC. their personalities largely endanger the life of other peopleD. they have uncooperative and unpleasant personalities57. Which of the following statements can best describe the behavior of most thin people asascribed by thepassage?A. Thin people could never find themselves having enough time for leisure.B. Thin people are seldom unable to find themselves having nothing to do.C. Thin people are never lazy in doing things useful.D. Thin people are fussily annoying and particularly disgusting.58. According to the passage, the author likes being with those______.A. fat people who are clumsy and slow in movement and gets fed up with those quick and sensitive thinpeopleB. thin people who are always energetic and active and those fat people, too, who are steady in the moves theytakeC. fat people who are inactive and easily get jaded but hates to be among those thin people who are active andenergeticD. thin people who get rid of things quickly but feels sick of those fat people who are all thumbs59. Which of the following statement can best distinguish between fat and thin people?A. Fat people are sullen and gloomy whereas thin people are cheerful who know no fatigue.B. Fat people are lazy and clumsy whereas thin people are diligent and crafty.C. Fat people are practically reliable whereas thin people are seldom trustworthy.D. Fat people are always feeling jaded whereas thin people never feel tired.60. When it comes to looking at things, fat people and thin people never come to terms with each other becauseA. in nature thin people have less sensational inclination than most fat people who are always at the mercy of fatB. in essence thin people are less emotional and touchy than fat people who are too impulsiveC. in nature thin people look at things in rose-colored spectacles whereas fat people always take a dim view of the objectsD. In essence thin people are too quick on the trigger whereas fat people are slow at picking up subtle thingsQuestions 61-70The first and most important agents of socialization are the people who care for infants. In the earliest months, messages from nurturers constitute the child's basic understanding of the world around it. This is the infant's first introduction to the language that shapes perception and elicits emotion.Another powerful source of information and socialization is the friendship of peers. Peers are equals that one can deal with on the same level as oneself, whereas parents are superiors. The heavy emotional overlay of family relationships makes some kinds, of learning difficult.Much formal socialization is placed in the hands of professionals. Teachers from kindergarten on are specifically designated agents of socialization. Ideally, a teacher is one who has both knowledge and the skills to present it. During the course of teaching their subjects, classroom instructors provide role models and attempt to convey the excitement of learning itself.In earlier times, parents, friends and teachers would comprise the list of primary childhoodsocializers. Children's books, comics and magazines might also have been mentioned as sources of information on norms and role models. Today one must add three powerful indirect ornon-personal socialization agents: radio, movies and television. Many people learn about politics, form a vision of well-being, and develop attitudes towards othersfrom what they see on the screen and hear through the speakers.61. In this passage, agents of socialization refer to ______.A. the mediaB. individualsC. all channelsD. organizations62. The author's chief agents include the following EXCEPT the ______.A. familyB. groupC. schoolD. internet63. The child's basic understanding of the world around it is formed ______.A. at kindergartenB. in the earliest monthsC. by classroom instructorsD. through interaction with parents64. Which of the following statements is NOT true?A. Language shapes an infant's perception.B. Language elicits an infant's emotions.C. Language forms an infant's cultural awareness.D. Language forms an infant's basic understanding.65. According to this passage, ______ makes some kind of learning difficult.A. long distanceB. formalityC. much indulgenceD. family influence66. Peers are one of the ______ agents of socialization.A. formalB. indirectC. primaryD. personal67. ______ are the first formal socialization agents.A. Infant nurturersB. Family membersC. Group peersD. School teachers68. Which of the following statements is NOT implied in the passage?A. Teachers are sociable.B. Teachers are role models.C. Teachers are paid agents of socialization.D. Teachers are knowledgeable and skillful.69. ______ are/is powerful indirect socialization agents.A. ParentsB. FriendsC. TeachersD. The media70. Which of the following would be the best title for this passage?A. Childhood SocializersB. Norms & Role ModelsC. Sources of InformationD. Agents of SocializationQuestions 71-80Cooperation is the common endeavor of two or more people to perform a task or reach a jointly cherished goal. Like competition and conflict, there are different forms of cooperation, based on group organization and attitudes.In the first form, known as primary cooperation, group and individual unite. The group contains nearly all of each individual's life. The rewards of the group's work are shared with each member. There is an interlocking identity of individual, group, and task performed: Means and goals become one, for cooperation itself is valued.While primary cooperation is most often characteristic of preliterate societies, secondary cooperation is characteristic of many modern societies. In secondary cooperation, individuals devote only part of their lives to the group. Cooperation itself is not a value. Most members of the group feel loyalty, but the welfare of the group is not the first consideration. Members perform tasks so that they can separately enjoy the fruits of their cooperation in the form of salary, prestige, or power. Business offices and professional athletic teams are examples of secondary cooperation.In the third type, called tertiary cooperation or accommodation, latent conflict underlies the shared work. The attitudes of the cooperating parties are purely opportunistic; the organization is loose and fragile. Accommodation involves common means to achieve antagonistic goals; it breaks down when the common means cease to aid each party in reaching its goals. This is not, strictly speaking, cooperation at all, and hence the somewhat contradictory term antagonistic cooperation is sometimes used for this relationship.71. What is the author's main purpose in Paragraph I of the passage?A. To explain how cooperation differs from competition and conflictB. To show the importance of group organization and attitudesC. To offer a brief definition of cooperationD. To urge readers to cooperate more often72. The underlined word "cherished" in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to ______A. prizedB. based onC. definedD. set up73. In the primary cooperation ______A. group and individual don't have to uniteB. the group contains nearly all of each person's lifeC. individuals work for themselvesD. people don't value cooperation74. Which of the following statements about primary cooperation is supported by information in the passage?A. It was limited in prehistoric times.B. It is usually the first stage of cooperation achieved by a group of individuals attempting to cooperate.C. It is an ideal that can never be achieved.D. It is most commonly seen among people who have not yet developed reading and writing skills.75. According to the passage, why do people join groups that practice secondary cooperation?A. To share the happiness with others.B. To get rewards for themselves.C. To associate with people who have similar backgrounds.D. To defeat a common enemy.76. Which of the following is an example of the third form of cooperation as it is defined in Paragraph 4?A. Students form a study group so that all of them can improve their grades.B. A new business attempts to take customers away from an established company.C. Two rival political parties temporarily work together to defeat a third party.D. Members of a farming community share work and the food that they grow.77. Which of the following is NOT given as a name for the third type of cooperation?A. Tertiary cooperationB. AccommodationC. Latent conflictD. Antagonistic cooperation78. The underlined word "fragile" in the last paragraph is closest in meaning to ______.A. inefficientB. easily brokenC. poorly plannedD. involuntary79. As used throughout the passage, the term "common" is closest in meaning to which of the following?A. Ordinary.B. Shared.C. Simple.D. Popular.80. Which of the following best describes the overall organization of the passage?A. The author describes a concept by analyzing its three forms,B. The author compares and contrasts two types of human relations.C. The author presents the points of view of three experts on the same topic.D. The author provides a number of concrete examples and then draws a conclusion.Questions 81-90Losing a job or not being able to find one almost always brings unwelcome changes. If you've lost a job, the first feeling is often one of shock. On top of the loss of income, many people find the whole routine of their life is shattered, their contact with other people reduced, their ambitions halted and their identity as a worker removed.There may be good feelings too -- it' s nice to be able to lie in bed in the morning, to spend more time with children, or to have more time to think -- a better job may be just around the corner. But, unless a better job does turn up, chances are the days start getting longer and the time becomes harder to fill. Many people pass through periods of difficulty in sleeping and eating. They feel irritable and depressed, often isolated and lonely.Despite all these problems, unemployment can be a chance for a fresh start. You can discover that it provides an opportunity to sort out or rethink what you want from life and how best you can get it. You can use the time to plan how to find a new job, learn a new skill, develop your hobbies, see if you can run your own business, d some voluntary work in your community or meet new people. It's up to you.81. Unemployment almost always brings changes that are ______A. unpleasantB. unsuitableC. untenableD. unworthy82. According to the passage, when a person has first lost a job, more often than not, he feelsA. excitedB. isolatedC. shockedD. depressed83. According to the passage, possible good feelings include the following EXCEPT being able to ______A. have more time to thinkB. have a new and better jobC. have more time to visit friendsD. spend more time with children84. According to this passage, unemployment may ______A. cause people to lose touch with realityB. completely destroy people's life patternsC. lessen interaction with peopleD. reduce people's chances of promotion85. The unemployed become finally disillusioned when they ______A. have nothing more to think aboutB. are unable to improve their positionC. get tired of playing with their childrenD. can no longer lie in bed in the morning86. According to the passage, continuing unemployment may cause ______A. absence of humorB. lack of interestC. waste of timeD. loss of appetite87. By "a chance for a fresh start" the author means ______A. one should learn to seize chancesB. one should often change his jobsC. unemployment can be of benefitD. unemployment does not last long88. Unemployment provides a chance for you to rethink ______A. what you find and how to keep itB. what you want and how to get itC. how best you can do the new jobD. how best you can sort out a new job89. The sentence "It's up to you" means "You are the person who ______."A. makes the decisionB. is responsibleC. has the fightD. is confident90. The author's purpose is to ______A. give the basic facts of unemploymentB. explain the reasons of unemploymentC. introduce new jobs to the unemployedD. offer encouragement to the unemployed Questions 91-100If you left your book on the table overnight, you would find the following morning that it was still exactly where you had left it, provided nobody had moved it. If a ball is made to roll on a very smooth surface, it will roll a long distance unless something stops it or changes its direction. This tendency of an object to remain at rest unless something moves it and to continue moving unless something stops it is known as the Law of Inertia.The following examples show the truth of this law.(a) Put a table-cloth on a table and arrange a pile of books on it. Hold one edge of the table-cloth and pull it quickly. The table-cloth will come off, leaving the pile of books undisturbed.(b) Place a small piece of cardboard on an open jar and place a coin on it directly over its mouth. Use one finger to flick the piece of cardboard away. You will notice that the coin drops into the jar.(c) Sitting in a car which starts suddenly, you feel you are jerked backwards. In fact, you are not jerked backwards. Your lower half, which is in contact with the cushion, is forced to move forward with the car, and the upper part of your body, which remained at rest, is left behind.91. A book put on the table overnight would ______ the following morning.A. not be found againB. not be touched againC. stay exactly where it was leftD. be provided to someone else92. A ball with a smooth surface made to roll on a very smooth surface would ______A. remove its surfaceB. meet some objectsC. roll a long distanceD. change its direction93. In this passage, inertia means ______A. a situation in which no action is takenB. a situation in which no progress is madeC. the feeling of someone not wanting to move or do anythingD. the force making an object stay at rest or continue moving94. The Law of Inertia is a law concerning ______A. motionB. distanceC. positionD. direction95. In the first example, the pile of books on the table-cloth will ______A. be broken into piecesB. scatter onto the groundC. remain in its position of restD. be wrapped in the table-cloth。

考研2006真题译文

Text 4
1.很多事情致使人们认为艺术家们怪诞诡异。然而最为怪异的有可能却是如下这个现象：艺术家惟一的工作就是探究情感，然而他们所选择的探究重点却是那些令人不快的情感。
2.情况也并非千篇一律。像绘画和音乐这些最早的艺术形式，是最适合表达快乐的形式。但是，在19世纪之后的某个时期，越来越钦的艺术家开始将快乐视为索然无味、矫揉造作或者更甚的是，无聊透顶的东西，正如我们从华兹化斯的“咏水仙”到波德莱尔的“恶之花”中感受的一样。
4.镇上的居民却不这么认为，当地的管理委员会也不会直接补贴皇家莎士比亚剧团。传统上，在新建配楼或鸡尾酒廊。希尔顿集团也下在那里大兴土木新建自己的旅店，而且必定用哈姆雷特汉堡酒吧、里尔洒廊、班柯宴会厅之类的名字装点门面，想必价格不菲。
5.不管怎么说，镇上的居民还是无法理解皇家莎士比亚剧团为何需要补贴。（剧院的上座率连续三年刷新记录。去年一年剧院的1，431个座位的上座率为94%，而且今年的情况会更好。）当然，补贴的原因是剧院的成本急剧上升，而戏票的价格却维持在低水平。
3.你可能认为艺术越来越怀疑快乐，因为现代社会目睹了太多的苦难。但这似乎并不表示先前的时代不存在无休无止的战争、灾难以及对无辜者的屠戮。事实上，原因可能正好相反：当代世界存在着过多的快乐。
4. 然而，几乎完全致力于描绘快乐的现代表达形式究竟为何物？广告。反快乐艺术几乎与大众传媒同步出现，而一种商业文化也随之兴起，在这种文化中，快乐不仅是一个远大理想，更是一种意识形态。
Text 3
1.当史前人类到达地球上新的区域时，大型动物就发生了奇怪的事：它们突然就灭绝了。而更小的物种存活了下来。大型的、生长缓慢的动物是容易猎取的目标，它们很快就被捕杀殆尽。现在类似的事情也可能发生在海洋中。

06年11月二笔实务答案汉英翻译参考译文

Section 2: 汉译英Part BTo uphold world peace, promote common development and seek cooperation and win-win is the common wish of the people around the world and an irresistible trend of our times.Committed to peace, development and cooperation, China pursues a road of peaceful development, and endeavors to build, together with other countries, a harmonious world of enduring peace and common prosperity.Never before has China been so closely bound up with the rest of the world as it is today. The Chinese government works to advance both the fundamental interests of the Chinese people and the common interests of the peoples of the rest of the world, and pursues a defense policy which is purely defensive in nature. China's national defense, in keeping with and contributing to the country's development and security strategies, aims at maintaining national security and unity, and ensuring the realization of the goal of building a moderately prosperous society in an all-round way. China is determined to remain a staunch force for global peace, security and stability.China's national defense and military modernization, conducted on the basis of steady economic development, is the requirement of keeping up with new trends in the global revolution and development in military affairs, and of maintaining China's national security and development. China will not engage in any arms race or pose a military threat to any other country. At the new stage in the new century, we will take the scientific development outlook as an important guiding principle for the building of national defense and military affairs, vigorously advance the revolution in military affairs with Chinese features, and strive to realize an all-round, coordinated and sustainable development in our country's national defense and military capabilities.。

北京成人本科英语真题2006年11月

北京成人本科英语真题2006年11月Part ⅠReading ComprehensionDirections: There are three passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer SheetPassage 1One study shows that Americans prefer to answer with a brief "Yes", "No", "Sure", or the very popular "Yeah" rather than with a longer reply. (76) But brief replies do not mean Americans are impolite or unfriendly to some extent. Very often, Americans are in a hurry and may greet you with a single word "Hi", indeed; this is a greeting you will hear again and again during your stay in the United States. It is used by everyone, regardless of rank, age or occupation. However, those who are accustomed to longer greetings may require a little more time before they feel comfortable with American simple talk.Americans sometimes use plain talk when they are uncomfortable. (77) If people praise them or thank them in an especially polite way, they may become uncomfortable and not know what to say in reply. They don't want to be impolite or rude, you can be sure that they liked what was said about them. Except for certain holidays, such as Christmas, Americans don't usually give gifts. Thus, you will find Americans embarrassed as they accept gifts, especially if they have nothing to give in return. They are generally a warm but informal people.1. The fact that Americans like shorter answers tells us ______.A.they reply very quickly in a hurryB.they choose words too carefullyC.they like replying brieflyD.they want to be as polite as they can答案：C本题考查考生对细节的把握。

11月翻译资格考题二级英语笔译实务试卷及答案

11月翻译资格考题二级英语笔译实务试卷及答案Section 1: English-Chinese Translation （英译汉）（ 60 point ）This section consists of two parts: Part A "Compulsory Translation" and Part B "Optional Translations" which comprises "Topic 1" and "Topic 2". Translate the passage in Part A and your choice from passage in Part B into Chinese. Write "Compulsory Translation" above your translation of Part A and write "Topic 1" or "Topic 2" above your translation of the passage from Part B. The time for this section is 100 minutes.Part A Compulsory Translation （必译题）（30 points）Until recently, scientists knew little about life in the deep sea, nor had they reason to believe that it was being threatened. Now, with the benefit of technology that allows for deeper exploration, researchers have uncovered a remarkable array of species inhabiting the ocean floor at depths of more than 660 feet, or about 200 meters. At the same time, however, technology has also enabled fishermen to reach far deeper than ever before, into areas where bottom trawls can destroy in minutes what has taken nature hundreds and in some cases thousands of years to build.Many of the world's coral species, for example, are found at depths of more than 200 meters. It is also estimated that roughly half of the world's highest seamounts - areas that rise from the ocean floor and are particularly rich in marine life - are also found in the deep ocean.These deep sea ecosystems provide shelter, spawning and breeding areas for fish and other creatures, as well as protection from strong currents and predators. Moreover, they are believed to harbor some of the most extensive reservoirs of life on earth, with estimates ranging from 500,000 to 100 million species inhabiting these largely unexplored and highly fragile ecosystems.Yet just as we are beginning to recognize the tremendous diversity of life in these areas, along with the potential benefits newly found species may hold for human society in the form of potential food products and new medicines, they are at risk of being lost forever. With enhanced ability both to identify where these species-rich areas are located and to trawl in deeper water than before, commercial fishing vessels are now beginning to reach down with nets the size of football fields, catching everything in their path while simultaneously crushing fragile corals and breaking up the delicate structure of reefs and seamounts that provide critical habitat to the countless species of fish and other marine life that inhabit the deep ocean floor.Because deep sea bottom trawling is a recent phenomenon, the damage that has been done is still limited. If steps are taken quickly to prevent this kind of destructive activity from occurring on the high seas, the benefits both to the marine environment and to future generations are incalculable. And they far outweigh the short-term costs to the fishing industry.Part B Optional Translations （二选一题）（ 30 points ）Topic 1 （选题一）Most of the world's victims of AIDS live - and, at an alarming rate, die - in Africa. The number of people living with AIDS in Africa was estimated at 26.6 million in late 2003. New figures to be published by the United Nations Joint Program on AIDS （ UNAIDS ）， the special UN agency set up to deal with the pandemic, will probably confirm its continued spread in Africa, but they will also show whether the rate of spread is constant, increasing or falling.AIDS is most prevalent in Eastern and Southern Africa, with South Africa, Zimbabwe and Kenya having the greatest numbers of sufferers; other countries severely affected include Botswana and Zambia. AIDS was raging in Eastern Africa - where it was called "slim", after the appearance of victims wasting away - within a few years after its emergence was established in the eastern Congo basin; however, the conflicting theories about the origin of AIDS are highly controversial and politicized, and the controversy is far from being settled.Measures being taken all over Africa include, first of all, campaigns of public awareness and device, including advice to remain faithful to one sexual partner and to use condoms. The latter advice is widely ignored or resisted owing to natural and cultural aversion to condoms and to Christian and Muslim teaching, which places emphasis instead on self-restraint.An important part of anti- AIDS campaigns, whether organized by governments, nongovernmental organizations or both, is the extension of voluntary counseling and testing （ VCT ） .In addition, medical research has found a way to help sufferers, though not to cure them.Funds for anti- AIDS efforts are provided by the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria, a partnership between governments, civil society, the private sector and affected communities around the world; the fund was launched following a call by the UN Secretary-General in 2001. However, much more is needed if the spread of the pandemic is to be at least halted.Topic 2 （选题二）As a leader of a least developed country, I speak from experience when I say that poverty is too complex a phenomenon, and the strategies for fighting it too diverse and dependent on local circumstances, for there is no single silver bullet in the war on poverty.We have learned the hard way over the years. We have experimented with all kinds of ideas.Yet a report recently released by the World Economic Forum shows that barely a third of what should have been done by now to ensure the world meets its goals to fight poverty, hunger and disease by 2015 is done. I am now convinced that the Millennium Development Goals set by the United Nations in 2000 can only be attained through a global compact, anchored in national policies that take into account local circumstances.Aid and trade are both necessary, but they are not enough on their own. Neither is good governance enough in itself. Above all, nothing can move without the direct participation of local communities. I fear that we lecture too much. This is not the best way.I will give an example of how such a compact worked in Tanzania to achieve universal basic schooling.In the mid-1990s, almost all indicators for basic education were in free fall. The gross enrollment rate had fallen from 98 percent in the early 1980s to 77.6 percent in 2000. The net enrollment rate had likewise fallen, from over 80 percent to only 58.8 percent.Then several things happened. We decided at the top political level that basic education would be a top priority, and adopted a five-year Primary Education Development Plan to achieve universal basic education by 2006 - nine years ahead of the global target.Good governance produced more government revenues, which quadrupled over the last eight years. In 2001, we received debt relief under the World Bank's enhanced HIPC （ heavily indebted poor countries ） Initiative. Subsequently, more donors put aid money directly into our budget or into a pooled fund for the Primary Education Development Program （ PEDP ） .The government's political will was evidenced by the fact that over the last five years the share of the national budget going to poverty reduction rose by 130 percent. We abolished school fees in primary schools.Then we ensured that all PEDP projects are locally determined, planned, owned,implemented and evaluated. This gave the people pride and dignity in what they were doing. After only two years of implementing PEDP, tremendous successes have been achieved.Section 2: Chinese- English Translation （汉译英）（ 40 point ）This section consists of two parts: Part A "Compulsory Translation" and Part B "Optional Translations" which comprises "Topic 1" and "Topic 2".Translation the passage in Part A and your choice from passage in Part B into English. Write "Compulsory Translation" above your translation of Part A and write "Topic 1" or "Topic 2" above your translation of the passage from Part B. The time for this section is 80 minutes.Part A Compulsory Translation （必译题）（ 20 points ）进入新世纪，国际形势继续发生深刻复杂的变化。

2006年5、11月翻译资格考试二级笔译真题

2006 年5 月翻译资格考试二级笔译真题第一部分英译汉必译题For all the natural and man-made disasters of the past year, travelers seem more determined than ever to leave home.Never mind the tsunami devastation in Asia last December, the recent earthquake in Kashmir or the suicide bombings this year in London and Bali, among other places on or off the tourist trail. The number of leisure travelers visiting tourist destinations hit by trouble has in some cases bounced back to a level higher than before disaster struck."This new fast recovery of tourism we are observing is kind of strange," said John Koldowski, director for the Strategic Intelligence Center of the Bangkok-based Pacific Asia Travel Association. "It makes you think about the adage that any publicity is good publicity."It is still too soon to compile year-on-year statistics for the disasters of the past 12 months, but travel industry experts say that the broad trends are already clear. Leisure travel isexpected to increase by nearly 5 percent this year, according to the World Tourism and Travel Council.Tourism and travel now seem to bounce back faster and higher each time there is an event of this sort," said Ufi Ibrahim, vice president of the London-based World Tourism and Travel Council. For London, where suicide bombers killed 56 and wounded 700 on July 8, she said, "It was almost as if people who stayed away after the bomb attack then decided to come back twice."Early indicators show that the same holds true for other disaster-struck destinations. Statistics compiled by the Pacific Asia Travel Association, for example, show that monthly visitor arrivals in Sri Lanka, where the Dec. 26, 2004, tsunami left more than 30,000 people dead or missing, were higher than one year earlier for every month from March through August of this year.A case commonly cited by travel professionals as an early example of the trend is Bali, where 202 people were killed in bombings targeting Western tourists in October 2002. Visitor arrivals plunged to 993,000 for the year after the bombing, but bounced back to 1.46 million in 2004, a level higher than the two years before the bomb, according to the Pacific Asia Travel Association.Even among Australians, who suffered the worst casualties in the Bali bombings, the number of Bali-bound visitors bounced back within two years to the highest level since 1998, according the Pacific Asia Travel Association.Bali was hit again this year by suicide bombers who killed 19 people in explosions at three restaurants.Visits are also on the upswing to post-tsunami Thailand, where the giant waves killed 5,400 and left more than 5,000 missing.Although the tsunami killed more than 500 Swedes on the Thai resort island of Phuket, the largest number of any foreign nationality to die, Swedes are returning to the island in larger numbers than last year,according to My Travel Sweden, a Stockholm-based group that sends600,000 tourists overseas annually and claims a 28 percent market share for Sweden."We were confident that Thailand would eventually bounce back as a destination, but we didn"t think that this year it would come back even stronger than last year," said Joakim Eriksson, director of communication for My Travel Sweden. "We were very surprised because we really expected a significant decline."Eriksson said My Travel now expects a 5 percent increase in visitors to both Thailand and Sri Lanka this season compared with the same season last year. This behavior is a sharp change from the patterns of the 1990s, Eriksson said."During the first Gulf war we saw a sharp drop in travel as a whole, and the same after Sept. 11," Eriksson said. "Now the main impact of terrorism or disasters is a change in destination."韩老师参考译文：尽管过去的一年天灾人祸不断，但这丝毫没有影响人们出游的兴致，出游意愿空前高涨。

2006年考研英语一真题阅读翻译

2006年考研英语一真题阅读翻译
在2006年的考研英语一真题中，阅读理解部分的翻译题目要求考生将
一段英文材料翻译成中文。

该段落主要讨论了关于教育和个人发展的
话题，强调了教育在个人成长过程中的重要性。

以下是该段落的翻译：
教育是个人发展的关键因素，它不仅提供了知识，还培养了批判性思
维和解决问题的能力。

通过教育，个人能够更好地理解周围的世界，
并为未来的挑战做好准备。

教育的这种力量是如此强大，以至于它能
够改变个人的命运，甚至影响整个社会的发展轨迹。

教育的普及化使得更多的人有机会接受教育，这不仅提高了整个社会
的文化水平，也促进了经济的发展。

随着教育水平的提高，人们对于
工作的要求也越来越高，这推动了各行各业的创新和进步。

此外，教
育还能够帮助人们更好地理解不同文化和价值观，从而促进社会的和
谐与稳定。

然而，教育也面临着许多挑战。

随着科技的快速发展，教育方式和内
容也需要不断更新以适应新的社会需求。

同时，教育资源的分配不均
也是一个亟待解决的问题。

为了确保每个人都有平等的教育机会，政
府和社会需要共同努力，提高教育的质量和可及性。

总之，教育是个人和社会进步的基石。

通过不断改进教育体系，我们
能够培养出更多有能力、有创造力的人才，为社会的发展做出贡献。

教育的力量是无穷的，它能够激发个人的潜能，推动社会的进步。

因此，我们应该重视教育，为每个人提供平等的教育机会，以实现更加
美好的未来。

2006-2011英语真题详解

2006年江苏省普通高校“专转本”统一考试大学英语参考答案1．B由第一节可知，很多人享受于家庭园艺。

2．C第二节中“从春季到深秋”即大半年的时间。

3．A由第四节第一句可知，人们花在花园上的钱可多可少。

4．D由第五节最后一句可知。

5．B由最后一节最后一句可知。

6．C由本文第一句可知，以前女性不出门工作，人们思想较为保守，女秘书会干扰到职员们的工作。

7．B。

由第二节可知，女秘书们需要为上司做所有的事情。

8．A。

由第三节可知，现代社会的芯片和高科技可以取代秘书做很多事情。

9．C由第三节和第四节可知，秘书这一职位会因为科技含量的提高而提高社会地位，这在美国已经成为了事实。

10．A。

在最后一节中，作者认为男人有实力竞争这一职业。

11．A。

全篇意在说明与全球的生物进化相比，人类历史只有很短的时间。

12．D。

由第二节最后一句可知。

13．B。

根据第二节第二句可知，地球在二月份温度降低，变成坑状，形成最初的海洋。

由此可以推断，最初的地球温度很高。

14．C。

由第三节最后一句可知。

15．C。

由本文最后一句可知，《独立宣言》的签订比新年早一分钟。

16．A。

第一节主要是讨论网络求职给求职者带来了更长的等待回复的时间。

17．D。

本题可采用排除法。

Challenger教授陈述了网络求职成功率的低下，认为网络不应该仅仅用来投电子简历，建议求职者与招聘方面对面。

18．D。

由第二节可知，很多不符合岗位要求的简历增加了求职者等待回复的时间。

19．B。

因为不相关简历的增加，所以降低求职者简历到达招聘人面前几率的“过滤软件”也出现了。

20．B。

由倒数第二节可知，网络确实是职场的一场革命，给求职者带来了更多的机会。

PartⅡ21．D。

“当距离太阳更近时”，地球转得更快。

22．C。

主语中心词是number，因此谓语用单数形式。

23．D。

realistic义为“现实的”，accurate义为“准确的”，exact义为“精确的”，genuine义为“真实的”。

全国翻译资格考试三级笔译实务历年真题汉译英分级译文解码(简化版)

《全国翻译资格考试三级英语笔译实务历年真题汉译英分级译文解码》日前由翻译学院英语翻译教材研发中心编撰完成。

全国翻译资格考试英语三级笔译是从2003年11月开始在全国范围内启动的一项国家级考试，也是目前我国外语类考试中最顶尖的一项。

翻译学院自此项考试首次开考，就承接了相应的备考培训工作，也被国家人事部外文局指定为应考培训单位；到今年为止学院已经积累了近9年的培训经验。

本次编撰的《译文解码》一书，对2005年5月至2012年5月共15 套真题的汉译英部分进行了全面系统的分级整理（从2003年11月至2004年11月的试题，其命题难度把握欠妥，因此未列入分析范围），将试题中的段落截成一个个完整的句子，然后将语句进行分级处理，最终按照“基础考点”，“中等考点”和“难度考点”三个级别为考生编写出这个手册；它可以帮助考生对考试难度有一个清晰明确的认识，然后考生可以根据考委会的命题思路结合自身翻译的实际水平应对考试。

以下列举本书中部分翻译经典例句，供广大翻译爱好者参考《全国翻译资格考试三级笔译实务历年真题汉译英分级译文解码》前言全国翻译资格考试英语三级笔译是从2003年11月开始在全国范围内启动的一项考试，是目前我国外语类考试中最顶尖的一项考试。

由于该考试启动初期，考委会对考生的翻译水平估计不足，从2003年11月至2004年11月进行的三次三级笔译实务考试的命题难度把握欠妥。

因此，我们在整理历年真题时将这三次的试题没有列在我们的试题分析范围内。

我们从2005年5月至2012年5月共15套真题的汉译英部分进行了全面系统的分级整理，将试题中的段落截成一个个完整的语句，然后将句子进行分级处理，最终按照“基础考点”，“中等考点”和“难度考点”三个级别为考生编写出这个手册--《全国翻译资格考试三级笔译实务历年真题汉译英分级译文解码》。

这个手册可以使考生对考试的难度有一个比较清晰明确的认识。

这样，我们的考生就可以根据考委会命题的思路与难度的要求做到心中有数并根据自身翻译的实际水平应对考试。

2006年11月三级笔译实务试题参考答案

Over the past 25 years, China has been firmly pressing ahead with the implementation of the reform program and the initiative of opening up to the outside world. With the establishment of a preliminary socialist market economy, and the nation’s economy att aining an outward-oriented perspective, the productive forces and the comprehensive national competence have been on the rising curve constantly. And various social undertakings have been developing in full swing. The living standard of the Chinese people as a whole has undergone a historical leap from a subsistence level to the level of moderate prosperity.In the 25 years between 1978 and 2003, the annual growth rate of China's economy was running at an average of 9.4 percent, with its GDP jumping from 147.3 billion US dollars to over 1.4 trillion US dollars.25 years ago, China’s foreign trade value and foreign exchange reserves each stood at 20.6 billion and 167 million in US dollars, but last year they shot up to 851.2 billion US dollars and 403.3 billion US dollars respectively.China has now become the sixth largest economy and the fourth largest trader in the world. The tremendous changes in China are attributed to the fact that we have adhered to the path of building socialism with Chinese characteristics and persevered in our reform and opening endeavors, which brought into full play the Chinese people's initiative, enthusiasm and creativeness.Though China has scored impressive achievements in its development, we must not lose sight of our problems: overpopulation, a weak economic foundation, underdeveloped productivity, highly uneven development, and the fairly sharp contradictions between the country's ecological environment and natural resources on the one hand and its economic and social development on the other.China's per capita GDP, though reaching the record high of 1,000 US dollars last year, still ranks well behind the 100th place in the world. To realize China's modernization program and offer all the Chinese people a prosperous life there is yet an uphill battle to fight.We have already set our vision for the first 20 years of this century, which involves the building of a moderately prosperous society of a higher standard in an all-round way for the benefit of well over one billion Chinese people. By 2020 the GDP will be quadrupled from the figure of 2000 to 4 trillion US dollars, with the per capita level averaging at 3,000 US dollars. By then the nation will be immersed in an ambience of greater social harmony with an improved quality of life for the people, featuring a more developed economy, more sound democracy, more thriving culture and more advanced science and education.。

2006年11月统考英语B

2006年11月统考大英语B正式试题试点高校网络教育部分公共基础课全国统一考试大学英语B试卷2006年11月注意事项一、将你的姓名、考号填写在答题卡的规定栏内，将考号和考试科目在规定的栏内用2B铅笔涂满涂黑。

考试结束后，把试卷和答题卡放在桌上。

试卷和答题卡均不得带出考场。

二、仔细读懂题目的说明，并按题目要求答题。

答案一定要写在答题卡的指定位置上，写在试卷上的答案无效。

三、选择题用2B铅笔将选中项涂满涂黑，主观题用蓝、黑圆珠笔或钢笔答题，使用铅笔答题无效。

第一部分：英语知识运用（共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分）此部分共有10个未完成的对话，针对每个对话中未完成的部分有4个选项，请你从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并用铅笔将答题卡上的相应字母涂黑。

示例〔A〕〔B〕〔C〕〔D〕1. —I haven’t seen Billy for 10 years.—____________A. Either have I.B. So have I.C. Haven’t I.D. Neither have I.2. — What would you like, tea or coffee?—____________A. Yes, I would.B. Coffee, please.C. Yes, please.D. It’ very nice.3. — Do you know who telephoned me?—____________A. I heard it was Sally.B. Yes, I remember it now.C. No, I didn’t phone you.D. Yes, I know you well.4. — Excuse me, how far is the airport from here?—____________A. You can take a taxi.B. It’s about th irty miles.C. I’ll fly to Sydney.D. It’s only six hundred dollars.5. —I’ve got two tickets for the match. Shall we go and watch it together?—____________A. The tickets must be expensive.B. The match must be exciting.C. Why not? Let’s go.D. The place is too far away.6. — Could I borrow your CD of English songs?—______________A. No, I am not available.B. I’m sorry. It’s not at hand now.C. It’s very kind of you.D. Thank you very much.7. —Hello, Sally. How’s everything?—_____________A. Good for you.B. Oh, I agree.C. That’s right.D. Just so-so.8. — Waiter!—____________—I can’t eat this. It’s too salty.A. Yes, sir?B. What?C. All right?D. Pardon?9. —I’ll be away on a business trip. Would you mind looking after my cat?—Not at all. ____________A. I’ve no time.B. I’d rat her not.C. I’d like it.D. I’d be happy to.10. —I’m taking my driving test tomorrow.—____________A. Cheers!B. Congratulations!C. Come on!D. Good luck!第二部分：阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）此部分共有4篇短文，每篇短文后有5个问题，每个问题后有4个选项，请你从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并用铅笔将答题卡上的相应字母涂黑。

英语四级翻译真题、答案及解析（06年

2006-2011历年四级翻译真题及解析06.6 87 Having spent some time in the city, he had no trouble ______(找到去历史博物馆的路). 88 __________(为了挣钱供我上学), Mother often takes on more work than is good for her. 89 The professor required that __________________(我们交研究报告)。

90 The more you explain, _________________(我愈糊涂). 91 91 Though Though Though a a a skilled skilled skilled worker, worker, _______________(他被公司解雇了) ) last last last week week week because because because of of of the the economic crisis. 参考答案参考答案87. finding the way to the history museum 测试点：固定短语搭配测试点：固定短语搭配 have (no) trouble (in) doing sth. 88. 88. In In In order order order to to to support support support my my my university university university studies studies studies ((或：to to finance finance finance my my my education; education; education; to to to pay pay pay for for for my my education/to pay my tuition fees) 测试点：表示目的短语+特殊表达。

2006年11月CATTI三级笔译实务真题

2006年11月全国翻译专业资格（水平）考试三级笔译实务Section 1 English-Chinese T ranslation (英译汉) (60 points)Translate the following passage into Chinese. The time for this section is 120 minutes.For all the natural and man-made disasters of the past year, travelers seem more determined than ever to leave home. Never mind the tsunami devastation in Asia last December, the recent earthquake in Kashmir or the suicide bombings this year in London and Bali, among other places on or off the tourist trail. The number of leisure travelers visiting tourist destinations hit by trouble has in some cases bounced back to a level higher than before disaster struck."This new fast recovery of tourism we are observing is kind of strange," said John Koldowski, director for the Strategic Intelligence Center of the Bangkok-based Pacific Asia Travel Association. "It makes you think about the adage that any publicity is good publicity."It is still too soon to compile year-on-year statistics for the disasters of the past 12 months, but travel industry experts say that the broad trends are already clear. Leisure travel is expected to increase by nearly 5 percent this year, according to the World Tourism and Travel Council."Tourism and travel now seem to bounce back faster and higher each time there is an event of this sort," said Ufi Ibrahim, vice president of the London-based World Tourism and Travel Council. For London, where suicide bombers killed 56 and wounded 700 on July 8, she said, "It was almost as if people who stayed away after the bomb attack then decided to come back twice."Early indicators show that the same holds true for other disaster-struck destinations. Statistics compiled by the Pacific Asia Travel Association, for example, show that monthly visitor arrivals in Sri Lanka, where the Dec. 26, 2004, tsunami left more than 30,000 people dead or missing, were higher than one year earlier for every month from March through August of this year.A case commonly cited by travel professionals as an early example of the trend is Bali, where 202 people were killed in bombings targeting Western tourists in October 2002. V isitor arrivals plunged to 993,000 for the year after the bombing, but bounced back to 1.46 million in 2004, a level higher than the two years before the bomb, according to the Pacific Asia Travel Association.Even among Australians, who suffered the worst casualties in the Bali bombings, the number of Bali-bound visitors bounced back within two years to the highest level since 1998, according the Pacific Asia Travel Association. Bali was hit again this year by suicide bombers who killed 19 people in explosions at three restaurants.Visits are also on the upswing to post-tsunami Thailand, where the giant waves killed 5,400 and left more than 5,000 missing. Although the tsunami killed more than 500 Swedes on the Thai resort island of Phuket, the largest number of any foreign nationality to die, Swedes are returning to the island in larger numbers than last year, according to My Travel Sweden, a Stockholm-based group that sends 600,000 tourists overseas annually and claims a 28 percent market share for Sweden."We were confident that Thailand would eventually bounce back as a destination, but we didn"t think that this year it would come back even stronger than last year," said Joakim Er iksson, director of communication for My Travel Sweden. "We were very surprised because we really expected a significant decline." Eriksson said My Travel now expects a 5 percent increase in visitors to both Thailand and Sri Lanka this season compared with the same season last year. Thisbehavior is a sharp change from the patterns of the 1990s, Eriksson said. "During the first Gulf war we saw a sharp drop in travel as a whole, and the same after Sept. 11," Eriksson said. "Now the main impact of terrorism or disasters is a change in destination."Section 2 Chinese-English T ranslation (汉译英) (40 points)Translate the following passage into English. The time for this section is 60 minutes.２５年来，中国坚定不移地推进改革开放，社会主义市场经济体制初步建立，开放型经济已经形成，社会生产力和综合国力不断增强，各项社会事业全面发展，人民生活总体上实现了由温饱到小康的历史性跨越。

catti二级笔译2006年11月英译汉真题

人事部二级笔译（CATTI）2006.11英译汉真题English to ChineseCompulsory TranslationThis week and next, governments, international agencies and nongovernmental organizations are gathering in Mexico City at the World Water Forum to discuss the legacy of global Mulhollandism in water - and to chart a new course.They could hardly have chosen a better location. Water is being pumped out of the aquifer on which Mexico City stands at twice the rate of replenishment. The result: the city is subsiding at the rate of about half a meter every decade. You can see the consequences in the cracked cathedrals, the tilting Palace of Arts and the broken water and sewerage pipes.Every region of the world has its own variant of the water crisis story. The mining of groundwater for irrigation has lowered the water table in parts of India and Pakistan by 30 meters in the past three decades. As water goes down, the cost of pumping goes up, undermining the livelihoods of poor farmers.What is driving the global water crisis? Physical availability is part of the problem. Unlike oil or coal, water is an infinitely renewable resource, but it is available in a finite quantity. With water use increasing at twice the rate of population growth, the amount available per person is shrinking - especially in some of the poorest countries.Challenging as physical scarcity may be in some countries, the real problems in water go deeper. The 20th-century model for water management was based on a simple idea: that water is an infinitely available free resource to be exploited, dammed or diverted without reference to scarcity or sustainability.Across the world, water-based ecological systems - rivers, lakes and watersheds - have been taken beyond the frontiers of ecological sustainabilityby policy makers who have turned a blind eye to the consequences of over- exploitation.We need a new model of water management for the 21st century. What does that mean? For starters, we have to stop using water like there’s no tomorrow - and that means using it more efficiently at levels that do not destroy our environment. The buzz- phrase at the Mexico Water forum is "integrated water resource management." What it means is that governments need to manage the private demand of different users and manage this precious resource in the public interest.二级笔译实务Topic 1John Kenneth Galbraith, the i conoclasticiconoclastic economist, teacher and diplomat, died Saturday at a hospital in Cambridge, Massachusetts. He was 97.Mr. Galbraith was one of the most widely read authors in the history of economics; among his 33 books was "The Affluent Society" （1958）, one of those rare works that forces a nation to re-examine its values. He wrote fluidly, even on complex topics, and many of his compelling phrases - among them "the affluent society," "conventional wisdom" and "countervailing power" - became part of the language.An imposing presence, lanky and angular at 6 feet 8 inches tall, Mr. Galbraith was consulted frequently by national leaders, and he gave advice freely, though it may have been ignored as often as it was taken. Mr. Galbraith clearly preferred taking issue with the conventional wisdom he distrusted.Mr. Galbraith, a revered lecturer for generations of Harvard students, nonetheless always commanded attention.From the 1930"s to the 1990"s Mr. Galbraith helped define the terms of the national political debate, influencing both the direction of the Democratic Party and the thinking of its leaders.He tutored Adlai E. Stevenson, the Democratic nominee for president in 1952 and 1956, on Keynesian economics. He advised President John F. Kennedy）（often over lobster stew at the Locke-Ober restaurant in their beloved Boston and served as his ambassador to India.Though he eventually broke with President Lyndon B. Johnson over the war in Vietnam, he helped conceive of Mr. Johnson’s Great Society program and wrote a major presidential address that outlined its purposes. In 1968, pursuing his opposition to the war, he helped Senator Eugene J. McCarthy seek the Democratic nomination for president.In the course of his long career, he undertook a number of government assignments, including the organization of price controls in World War II and speechwriting for Presidents Franklin D. Roosevelt, Kennedy and Johnson.He drew on his experiences in government to write three satirical novels. He took on the Harvard economics department with "A Tenured Professor," ridiculing, among others, a certain outspoken character who bore no small resemblance to himself.At his death, Mr. Galbraith was the emeritus professor of economics at Harvard, where he had taught for most of his career. A popular lecturer, he treated economics as an aspect of society and culture rather than as an arcane discipline of numbers.。

2006考研英语英译汉试题练习精选之中级英译汉(1)

2006考研英语英译汉试题练习精选之中级英译汉(1)中级英译汉试题练习精选语段40段1. it has been 20 years since don diego de la vega successfully fought spanish oppression in alta california as the legendary romantic hero zorro. imprisoned for two decades, he now must find a successor to stop don rafael montero —— the powerful, former spanish governor of alta california who cost de la vega his freedom his wife and his daughter, is making plans to purchase california from mexico’s president, general santa anna. alejandro murieta, a bandit with a troubled past, is transformed by de la vega into a new zorro who he hopes will help him foil montero’s schemes once and for all. the new zorro assumes de la vega’s mantle and enters into a romantic relationship with a woman close to his predecessor’s heart.2. if the boss’s chair has no arms (which is usually the case with the visitor’s chair), he will probably be seen with one or both feet on the desk. if his superior enters his Office, it is unlikely that the bosswould take an obvious territorial (ownership) posture but would resort to more subtle gesture such as putting his foot on the lower drawer of his desk or placing his foot hard against the legs of the desk to stake his claim of the ownership.3. such gestures can be quite annoying if they are found during negotiation, and it is vital for you to make the person change to a different position, BECause the longer he stays in the leg over chair or feet on desk position, the longer he will have an indifferent or hostile attitude. an easy way to do this is to hand him something and ask him to look at it, thus forcing him to change his position.4. as i have said many times, engagement is not the same as endorsement. we continue to have sharp differences with china, but we also believe that the best way to narrow those differences is by raising them vigorously and discussing them honestly: as president clinton did not only in private, but openly before the chinese people and the world.5. for many decades, i felt equally at home whether in china or in the united states. i was as proficientin taking the new york subway as i was in cycling down a beijing street. i could one day be staying with a poor peasant family, partaking with them their meals of steamed sorghum buns and dried cabbage and sleeping in their horse shed, and on the next i might be flying abroad on a boeing 747 and then having dinner at the waldorf astoria and be equally at ease in both places and with both hosts.6. throughout my life, i have wanted to excel in whatever were my pursuits. but my abilities and innate intelligence are no better than above average and whatever i was able to accomplish was largely because of good luck and patrons who gave me just the right push at the right time. in 1956, i became premier chou en lai’s english interpreter and i remained at that post for 17 years. during that time, in addition to accompanying the premier in his many visits abroad, i took part in the interpretation and translation work for the kissinger and nixon visits to china. i then served consecutively as counselor in the chinese liaison office in washington, d. c., deputy director of the department of international organizations andconferences and then deputy director of the department of american and oceanic affairs of the foreign ministry, minister counselor in the chinese eMBAssy in the united states of america, ambassador to fiji, kiribati and vanuatu, ambassador to the court of james’s in london, and under secretary general of the united nations.。