林业词汇中英文

林业词汇2009-5同龄林 forest consisting of even-aged stand (trans.)掠夺式经营 exploitation management；high grading间歇经营、间歇经营林；间歇作业 intermittent production；forest under intermittent management林分经营；林分管理 stand management；management on a stand basis立木蓄积、立木度 stocking (=d)更新作业法；作业法 silvicultural system稽核；照查 control永续林；恒续林 continuous cover forest永续林经营；永续林施业；恒续林施业 continuous cover forest management system单木作业；单采作业；单木施业 forest management by individual trees掠夺式伐采 exploitation划伐、伞伐混合作业；群状伞伐作业 shelterwood group system；group shelterwood system划伐作业；群状择伐作业 group selection system；group selection management 经营林；施业林；生产林 managed forest营林监督 forest inspection森林经营计划；森林经营(学) forest management (>)；forest management planning(neol.)森林法 forest act；forest ordinance；forest law营林监督 forest inspection森林条例；森林法令 forest ordinance林业政策；森林政策 forest policy林业；林学 forestry林业经济；林业经济学 forest economics高山林；山岳林；山地林 mountain forest大面积伞伐作业；大面积伞状天然下种法；广状伞伐更新法 uniform shelterwood system 小面积集团森林经营 group management乔林；用材林 high forest乔林作业 high forest system木材需求；木材需要 demand for wood木材供销；木材获得 timber supply木材生产 timber production；wood production原木分级；材种；原木检尺 timber assortment木材消费 wood consumption；timber consumption木材供给 wood procurement林产业；木材工业；木材加工业 timber industry；wood processing industry禁止皆伐 clear fell ban；prohibition of clear cutting皆伐作业(法) clearcutting system；crearfelling system地景经营；地景施业；景观施业 landscape management地景保护；景观保护 landscape protection阔叶树林 broadleaved forest；hardwood forest多目标(利用)林业 multiple-use management；multi-use management混交林；混合林；混生林 mixed woodland；mixed forest中林；矮林；萌芽林 coppice with standards中林作业；矮林保残作业法coppice with standards system；composite forest system；storied coppice system（UK）针叶树林 coniferous forest近天然经营林分；近自然经营之林分 near to nature forest；naturally managed forest天然林；自然林；自生林 natural forest；indigenous forest矮林；萌芽林 coppice forest；sprout forest；low forest矮林择伐作业；择伐矮林作业 coppice selection system矮林作业；简单(单纯)矮林作业 simple coppice system正规林业；正规森林经营；合法的林业 regulated forest management人工林经营 plantation management择伐作业 selection system；single tree selection system择伐林 selection forest；plenter-wood环状划伐；带状划伐；带进孔状伞伐 strip-and-group felling (>)带状划伐；带进群状伞伐作业 strip-and-group felling system带状伐采作业 strip cutting system；strip felling system速生林作业 free growth management伞伐作业法 shelterwood method；shelterwood system异龄混交法；混合林；混交林 highly structured forests保残木作业；二段乔林作业；保残乔林作业 high forest with reserves (system)；high forest with standards（system）原始林；原生林 virgin forest蓄积保育 management of the growing stock森林 forest育林(学) ；造林；造林学 silviculture森林利用(学) forest utilization；forest utilisation森林生态系 forest ecosystem牧野经营；牧野管理；草原管理 pasture management；range management再造林义务 replant duty；legal obligation to replant作业级；事业区 working circle森林调查专家(员)；森林调查专业人员 forest inventory specialist森林经营计划之归纳及演绎计划法；森林经营(经理)之归纳及演绎法indicative and deductive forest management methods森林生长控制 control of forest growth (trans.)绩效检验 performance test永续林业；永续森林经营 sustainable forest management永续性；保续；永续 sustainablility 永续作业；永续经营 sustained-yield management永续准则；永续基准 sustainability criteria 永续经营调整；永续经营规整(调整) sustained yield regulation 禁伐；禁伐令；禁止开发 preservation order；exploitation ban 再生产 reproduction超伐；过伐 overcutting；overfelling 伐采龄 felling age 树龄，林龄 age龄阶；龄级区分 age gradation龄级结构；龄级分布；龄级构成 age calss distribution 林木界限；树限；乔木界限 timber line；tree line 林业经营单元(单位) management unit林缘；林分边界 stand edge；edge of a stand林分安全性(稳定性) stand stability经营安全性；低风险之森林经营；森林经营之风险回避(低危险) low-risk forest management财政轮伐期；理财的轮伐期 financial rotation面积加权平均林龄；森林之加权平均林龄weighed average age of a forest(trans.)伐采方向；伐木倒向 felling direction伐采周期；回归期；循环期 felling cycle；cutting cycle次序；优先级；顺序 order天然林演替相；天然林演替阶段；天然林之发育过程(阶段) development phases of (natural) forests森林经营计划期；计划期间；作业计划期 planning period；forest management period；working plan period择伐作业体系；择伐作业 forest selection system生产期；生产时间；生产性作业时间 production time；productive time林缘保护；林分边缘保护 edge protection空间次序；收获地域(地点)顺序 spatial order林缘(缘条)；境界 edge；border伐采顺序(序列) cutting sequence；felling sequence伐采顺序规划；伐采序列 cutting order；felling order伐采管理 harvest management伐采序列 felling series经营计划起始日；经营计划之开始日 starting date of a management plan (trans.)生态稳定性 ecological stability工艺轮伐期 technical rotation林衣；林套 forest mantle收获周期；回归年(期) harvesting cycle；cutting cycle轮伐期 rotation；rotation length最大材积收获轮伐期；材积收获最多之轮伐期 rotation of maximum volume production 最大收益轮伐期；金钱总收益最高之轮伐期 rotation of maximum cash flow；maximum cash flow rotation最大土地净收益轮伐期；土地纯收益最高之轮伐期 rotation of maximum soil rent最大森林净收益轮伐期；森林纯收益最高之轮伐期 rotation of maximum income；rotation of the highest net income伐期龄；轮伐期 rotation age更新级 regeneration class更新期 regeneration interval；regeneration period预测 forecast；prognosis；prediction森林覆盖率；森林占有率；森林率 percent forest cover森林结构；森林构造 forest structure；forest composition森林界限；树木界限 forest boundary；forest limit抗风力；暴风抗力；耐风力；风阻力 windthrow resistance；wind resistance；wind firmness森林经营单元；森林经营单位 forest management unit经济伐期 economic maturity收获时序；收获次序 temporal order时间序列 time series时间序列分析；时序分析 time series analysis收获表 yield table理想立木度；法正蓄积；理想蓄积 normal stocking理想蓄积 growing stock；ideal standing volume地方收获表 local yield table材积收获 volumetric yield法正龄级分布 normal (ideal) age classdistribution法正蓄积 normal growing stock法正林；理想林；正规林 normal forest法正林模式；理想林模式 normal forest model；ideal forest model现实林 actual forest (trans.)材种别收获表；利用材积收获表 assortment yield table材种别收获表 assortment table法正计算上之裸地；理论上之无立木地；理论上之未立木地 theoretical clearfell area林况 forest condition目标蓄积 target growing stock目标林 target forest（trans.）生长表 increment table间伐(疏伐)收获；中间收获 intermediate yield所有权型；财产归属 types of ownership土地利用型；土地利用分类 land-use classification地块；林分；土地区分 parcel；land parcel森林使用权 forest right；right of forest use；（forest privilege）森林企业；林业企业；森林事业体 forest enterprise森林所有权；森林地产 forest estate森林所有权分割；森林所有之分割 forest fragmentation；fragmentation of forest holdings非生产林；保护林 non-productive forest (trans.)保安林 protected forest (=d)游憩地；森林游憩林；森林游乐林 recreational forest小面积林丛；灌丛；萌生(芽)林；矮林 copse教学林；展示林；实验林；试验林demonstration forest；instruction forest；training forest；university forest未经营林；未施业林 unmanaged forest森林公园 forest park；park forest保安林 protection forest森林保护法案；保安林之划定 forest protection act森林功能；森林机能；森林利用 forest use；forest land use；forset function 森林功能分类；森林机能分类 forest land use class森林带；树林带 forest belt；woodland belt森林步道 forest nature trail；forest walk 限制林；限制使用林 limited use forest (trans. )保存林；预备林 forest reserve；reserved forest防风林带；保护林带 shelterbelt；windbreak经济林；生产林 commercial forest；production forest森林公益功能；森林公益机能；森林社会效益(利益) social benefits of forests 林班 compartment；forest compartment林班界 compartment boundary林分 stand小班界；林分界 sub-compartment boundary；stand boundary防火带；防火线 fire break；fire line森林地域 forest area鉴界；境界补正；境界纠正 boundary correction；rectification of boundaries林地 forest land非生产地；非林地；除地 non-productive forest land林区管理处 forest district苗圃 nursery；tree nursery；forest nursery林区；森林区 forest range；range保护带；保护林(树)带；缓冲带 protection belt；protection strip；buffer strip 调查单位；抽查单位 survey unit；inventory unit小班 sub-compartment准小班；造林地号；小班 stand绝对的森林土壤；限适森林的土壤 soil only suitable for forest (trans.)森林劣化、土壤劣化 forest degradation土壤的；土壤因素的 edaphic收获水平；生产水平 yield level方位；a坡向；斜面方向 aspect；direction of slope森林植物社会学 (forest ) plant sociology霜孔；易受霜害地 frost hollow倾斜角；坡度(降)；梯度 gradient自然度 naturalness潜在自然森林社会/植群；潜在自然植生 potential natural forest community地貌；起伏度 relief立地调查；生育地调查；地况调查；土地测绘 site survey；site mapping；site apparaisal；site apparaisement立地描述，生育地描述；土地描述；地况记载site description；destription of site 地位指数；土地指数；地位指标 site index立地因子，生育地因子 site factor立地型；生育地型；地位型 site type森林生物生态空间调查；森林小区测绘 forest biotope mapping森林土壤 forest soil森林区；森林地带 forest region森林社会；森林生态体系 forest community；forest association林型；森林型 forest type 森林荒芜；森林破坏 forest destruction 生长区；生长区域 growth region 生长区域；生长范围；森林带 growth zone 良木 cull；reject；cull wood 尖削度；尖梢；梢杀 high taper 林龄查定；林龄调查 age determination 枝条材；枝材 branchwood枝条性 branchiness 无节 knot-free 尖削系数；尖削度；尖削指数 taper coefficient 树木；乔木 tree 树种 pecies；tree species 树高 tree height 树木形数 tree form factor 树木材积 total tree volume树型级 tree class测树 mensuration林木材积式；干材积式 tree volume equation；volume equation；tariff number 胸高 breast height .)可利用材；成材；可利及费材(材积) merchantable timber volume可利用材积形数；材积形数 timber form factor肥大生长；直径生长 diamemter growth尖削；直径递减 taper直径级；直径阶 diameter calss直径生长(量)；肥大生长 diameter increment；diameter growth定期平均生长量 periodic average increment材积表 (uniform) tariff晋级生长 ingrowth精英树；菁英树；特优树 elite tree；champion tree剥皮 peeling；bark removal；debarking；barking去皮材积；收获实材积 cubic meter under bark (m3u. b.)收获损失 harvest loss；harvest waste连皮材积（fm）；含皮材积；实积立方公尺cubic meter over bark（.）形状高；树形高 form height；volume/basal area ratio；tree form height形状高生长；树形高生长 form height increment形率；形商；直径率 form quotient形数；形状系数 form factor (f)胸高断面积 basal area (b. a.)胸高断面积表；断面积表；圆面积表 table of basal areas；basal-area table；table of sectional areas树干解析 stem analysis树高生长 height growth年轮解析 analysis of annual rings；tree ring analysis年轮；生长轮 growth ring；annual ring轮尺 callipers；caliper直径测定 diamter measurement最小测量径级；测径界限；直径界限 minimum dbh (by inventory)树冠 crown树冠（林冠）结构；树冠构造 crown structrue 树冠直径；冠径 crown width树冠级 crown class 材积轮尺 volumetric callipers 阔叶树 broadleaved tree；hardwood tree 期间生长量；当年生长量 current increment 连年生长量 current annual increment 原木检尺；伐木检尺(测定) measurement of felled timber 常设标志；测标 measurement mark测定位置 measurement location中央直径 mid-diameter 中央周围；中央圆周 mid-girth 母树 mother tree 针叶树 conifer；softwood tree 定期生长量 periodic increment精英树；优型树；选留树 plus tree；selected tree 暴长木；暴露木 wolf tree 层积立方公尺 cubic meter stacked自记轮尺；电子轮尺 recording cal(l)iper(s)皮材率；树皮率 bark deduction；bark allowance；bark factor树皮厚度计；树皮计；树皮测定器 bark gauge原木 log树干；干材；主干 stem；trunk；bole树干形质 stem quality树干级；树型级 stem quality class 树干形数 stem form factor形状比 height-dbh ratio区分求积 volune measurement by sections原木分等；材种分等 log grading；grading of logs；grading of stems 树干；主干 stem树干长 stem length；timber length萌芽；萌条；萌糱 coppice shoot；stool shoot；sucker；sprout简化材积表 tariff 保留木；保存木；保残木 reserving of standards 胸高圆周长；胸高周围长 girth breast height (gbh)连皮圆周长；连皮周围长 girth over bark 去皮圆周长；无皮周围长 girth under bark 周围生长量；圆周生长量 girth increment 可利用最小直径；最小利用直径 diameter limit 活力；生长力 vitality 每木调查 complete enumeration材积 timber volume材积收获 volume yield；volume production材积表 volume table；log rule 材积生长(量) volume increment生长参数；测定要素 growth parameters；increment parameters生长率；成长率；生长速率 growth percent；increment percent价值成长 value increment树梢；梢 top生长活力；生长潜力 vigour生长形；生长型；生育型 growth form末端直径；末口直径；末径 top (end) diameter；small end diameter主林木；主伐木；收获树 final crop tree；future tree；crop tree 容许误差 allowance增长量；生长(量)；增量 increment生长锥 increment borer增长系数；生长率；生长系数 increment coefficient受压木；中庸木 intermediate tree株距；株距值 tree spacing平均年生长量；龄级平均增长量 mean annual increment树高生长曲线 height curve；height development curve；height age curve人工新造林地；次生幼龄林 establishment算术平均树高 arithmetic mean height算术平均直径 arithmetic mean diameter人工幼龄林；人造幼龄林 pre-thicket母树林；选留木林分；特优母树林elite stand；selected stand；selected crop树种混淆；混淆 species mixture；mixture杆材木；老龄林 pole size timber树层；乔木层 tree layer立木株数；株数；立木数 number of stems建造期；成林期间 establishment period树冠被覆；林冠披覆 cover；crown cover；canopy cover林分密度 stand density林分发育；林分生育期(阶段) stand development；development of a stand林分形数 stand form factor林分胸高断面积；林分胸高断面积合计 stand basal area林内孔隙；林隙；林分未遮蔽率 clearing林分剖面；林分断面图 stand profile；cross-section of a stand林分结构；林分构造 stand structure；constitution of a stand；structure of a stand蓄积结构；蓄积构造 growing stock structure立木度；林分密度指数 stand density index地位级；立地位级 site class可利用材积生长量；利用材积生长量 merchantable timber increment郁闭期；丛林；壮龄林 thicket断面积平均木直径 quadratic mean diameter；diameter of mean basal area tree 断面积中央木直径；中央断面积直径 median dbh40%百分位胸径；40%规则的平均胸径 mean dbh according to the 40% rule直径分布 diameter distribution平均总生长量；总平均生长量 mean gross increment标准树高曲线 standard height curve单层林 single-storied stand冰霜害 ice damage主伐林分；主伐木；主伐收获 final crop暂植木；补植木 filler总收获材积 total volume；total yield郁闭林分；最大蓄积林分 fully stocked stand同龄林；同龄林分 even-aged stand均质林分；一齐林；均匀林分；同形林；同质林 uniform stand树群；群 group；group of trees伐期平均生长量 final mean annual increment；average yield class主要树种 main tree species主林分；主林木；主伐木 main crop；principal crop；main stand；principal stand优势木 dominant crop次要树种；副树种；补助的混交树种；经济价值少的树种 nurse species；auxiliary species；accessory species断面积平均木树高 height of mean basal area tree；mean height断面积中央木树高 median height40%百分位树高；40%规则的树高 height according to the 40% rule树高曲线 height curve；diameter-height curve林分水平结构；林分水平构造 horizontal stand structure团；灌木；树丛 see“ group”未成熟材；未熟材 juvenile wood 幼龄生长；幼龄林；丛状林 thicket 每木调查表；调查表；检尺簿；野帐；明细表 tally sheet；measurement list 胸高断面积平均木；断面积平均木 mean basal area tree 冠层；林冠；树冠 canopy 树冠竞争；树冠竞合 crown competition 树冠层；林冠层 crown layer 树冠郁闭度；林冠密度 crown closure；crown cover 灌丛；树形不良林分；矮林；灌木林 scrub (stand)连年总平均年生长量；连年生长量 total mean increment 复层林 multi-storied stand 混合(交)树种 associated species 林分平均胸高直径；林木平均直径 mean diameter；average diameter林分平均树高 average height；stand height 平均树高 Lorey's mean height 中央木；平均木 mean tree天然修枝；天然落枝；自行修枝 natural pruning；self pruning次要树种；副树种；从属种 secondary species；subordinates pecies附属林分 secondary crop上层树高；上木高度 top height；height of dominant trees 强势木生产力；生产力指数；地位指数 productivity index 上层 overstor(e)y；uppermost layer；upper stor(e)y 上层木 overwood；upper crop先驱树种 pioneer species；pioneer形质生长(量) quality increment；increase in quality 成熟林 mature stand纯林 pure stand；pure crop采运损伤；出材损伤 extraction damage采种林；母树林 seed stand；parent stand损害；疵伤；损伤 defect；damage树(林)冠疏密度 canopy density雪害 snow damage株距；干距 tree spacing；spacing(between trees)；espacement立木位置图；直径分布；胸径分布；树干分布；林木分布 dbh distribution 立地稳定性；立地强度 stability of stand 中龄林；杆材；小径木(林) pole stage；pole crop 风害 wind damage；storm damage枯死木 dead trees 小群 see group过熟林分；老龄过熟林分(木) overmature stand异龄林 uneven-aged stand不规则林；不整齐林 irregular stand 下层林；下层植生；下木 understor(e)y；underwood；undergrowth留存木；主林木 main crop after thinning；residual stand 试验地；试验区；试区 experimental site；experimental area 林分垂直结构；林分垂直构造 vertical stand structure 主要树种 main species；principal species 立木蓄积；林木蓄积 growing stock生长函数 growth function指标林分 index stand；indicator stand；control stand 兽害；鹿伤害；动物危害 tree damage caused by forest fauna (trans.)林分成长龄级；林分成长级数；自然的龄级 stand development class 生长空间；生育空间 growing sapce中央木平均生长；增长量中央木；平均生长木 mean growth tree 生长率；增长百分比；成长率 increment percent；growth percent二层林；二段林 two-storied 取样率 sampling intensity；sampling fraction；sampling rate 必要样本数；最少样本数 required sample size 调查；定期抽样调查 inventory 遥测；遥感探测 remote sensing定期调查；追踪调查 periodic inventory 集团取样法 cluster sampling 分层取样；分层取出之样本 stratified sample 概估；粗略估计 rough estimate；raw estimate断面积调整；断面积规整 basal area regulation测高器 height meter测树学 mensuration；dendrometry森林调查；森林清查 inventory；forest inventory；forest survey森林调查设计 inventory design森林调查方法；森林清查方法 inventory method水平样线法（直线样品） line-plot survey；line-plot；strip survey列表样品；3P样品；列表取样 list sampling航空照片判释 aerial photo interpretation空中摄影测量 aerial photo (graphic) survey；aerial photo（graphic）inventory；aerial survey空中三角测量 aerial photo triangulation材积调查；蓄积推定 volume determination；（standing）timber determination；growing stock determination数理统计学的样本分析 statistical analysis of inventory data目视估计立木材积volume estimation by sight；ocular volume estimation正射投影图(照片)；正射图 orthophoto (graph)定期调查；多相取样法 multiphase sampling永久样区；连续森林调查法 continuous forest inventory with permanent samples 样区；标准地 sample plot样区调查法 inventory by sample plots机率比例取样法 proportional sampling；probability proportional to size（pps）林分断面积调查仪；林分面积调查仪 (relascope) relascope；relascop测高法；形数测高法 Pressler's method of height determination林分株数调查 enumeration；tally样本 sample圆形样区法 sampling using a range of fixed radius plots固定面积样区法；样本地法 fixed area sampling变动面积样区法；变动样区法；可变半径样区法 sampling using variable radius plots 取样；抽样 sampling取样单元；抽样单位；取样单位 sampling unit取样误差；样本误差 sampling error取样法；取样调查法 sampling methods取样数 sample number； sample size；size of a sample样本分布 sampling unit distribution分层；层次 stratification层；层聚 stratum / strata系统取样；系统抽样法 systematic sampling系统误差 systematic error林分特性估测 stand estimation；estimation of stand characteristics估测法 appraisal method连续森林调查的临时样本；连续的森林调查；变换样本的暂时样本 continuous forest inventory with changing samples (trans.)材积计算 volume calculation；volume measurement先驱调查；预备调查 pilot survey；pilot inventory蓄积调查 inventory of growing stock永久样区森林调查；连续森林调查 continuous forest inventory生长量研究(试验)；生长量调查 increment study经营记帐单位；经营计划单位；记帐单位 management planning unit伐采量；伐采收获 felling volume；felling yield生产材明细表；生产材目录；堆积材明细表 product summary (trans.)年伐量 annual cut；annual yield执行稽核；实行照查(稽核) control of prescriptions森林绩效检定；稽核簿；经营簿(监控) control of forest development（trans.）经营簿；作业稽核；稽核簿 control of operation；work tracking木材生产稽核；照查；稽核 control of forest production（trans.）经营计划检订；施业计划检订 management plan revision；working plan revision检尺 timber scaling；scaling of felled timber经营计划的执行 plan of operations森林稽查；森林踏查 forest inspectorate经营计划期中检订；施业计划期中检定 management plan revision经营计划；森林经理计划 operational (forest) planning经营目标；施业目的；经营目的 management objective经营目标类型；施业(经营)目的 type of management objective经营计划手册；经营规定(指令)；计划手册 management prescriptions；managementinstructions；management requlations土地纯益论；土地纯收益说 theory of soil rent林分经营计划；森林经营细部计划；林分经营计划 stand management planning 总收获量 total yield坑木 minig timber；pit wood主分类、木材主要等级 main assortment；main category副产物 accessory product；by-product；minor product；minor produce操作性的 operational抚育目标；保育目的 tending objective森林经营中期计划 forest management planning生产目标(目的) production target原木；圆木 round timber；round wood制材原木(圆木)；用材 sawlog大径木；制材用材 sawlog stage作业类转换；林相改良；作业种转换(变更) conversion林相变更；作业转换(变更) transformation更新目标(目的) regeneration target生长加速；生长(率)增加 growth acceleration；increase in growth育林目标 silvicultural objective；silvicultural goal森林纯利论；森林纯利理论(说) theory of forest rent(al)林经营，森林管理 management森林经营目标(目的) forest management objective；management objective目标直径（理想直径） target diameter目标函数 objective function生长加速；生长量增加 increase in growth rate林型 stand type；crop type土壤改良 soil improvement生产计划 production planning；planning of production造林；植林 afforestation；forestation补植 filling in；beating up；reinforcement planting；filling of blanks树种更替；树种变换(更) change of species；transformation林分建造；造林、育林 establishment (of a stand)；stand establishment；cropestablishment裸露地；未立木地；无立地木；空林地 clearing；unstocked area土壤翻松；搅土；翻松；松土 scarification补植林(在过去未植林地)；补充造林；替代造林 compensatory planting造林失败地；无立木地 blank；failure森林植物；森林苗木 forest plants；planting stock群状栽植；群状造林；块植 group planting；block planting产地证明(书)；产地认证 certificate of origin人工更新 artificial regeneration造林计划；栽植计划planting plan；afforestation plan；establishment plan果实 mast补植 replacement planting种苗认证；种子认证；植物认证；种子保证单 certification of plants；certification of seed；certification of planting造林；栽植 plantation栽植距离；栽植间隔；植树间隔 planting sapce；planting distance；spacing of plants；espacement择伐更新 regeneration in the selection system纯林；单一栽培 monoculture伐区；作业现场 cutting area；felling area；logging area；logging site整地；生育地整治 site preparation；clearing of the felling area；site clearing 休闲期 reforestation interval林下栽植；树下栽植；下木栽植 understor(e)y management更新 regeneration全面整地；全部耕耘 complete cultivation；full cultivation上层保护更新；老林分造林；早期更新林分 advance planting更新前期作业；前更新作业 advance regeneration；advance reproduction森林更新 forest renewal混农林业 agroforestry；agro-forestry修枝；打枝；人工修枝 pruning；artificial pruning抚育间伐；上层间伐 selective thinning林分疏开 opening-up of a stand林分抚育；抚育；保育；育林 stand tending间伐；疏伐 thinning间伐类型；间伐方式；疏伐型；疏伐法 thinning type；type of thinning；thinning method间伐收获；（疏伐收获） thining yield间伐强度；疏伐强度；间伐率；疏伐率 thinning intensity间伐频度；疏伐频率 thinning frequency间伐间隔；间伐周期；疏伐间隔；疏伐周期 thinning cycle；thinning interval上层间伐；上层疏伐 thinning from above；high thinning幼龄林抚育 tending during the prethicket and thicket stages (trans.)冠层疏伐；上层疏伐 crown thinning造林抚育 tending during the establishment stage (trans.)除伐 cleaning受光伐；受光疏伐；保育间伐 increment thinning；accretion thinning树种混合率调节 control of mixture自然淘汰 natural selection下层间伐；下层疏伐 thinning from below；low thinning抚育伐；整理伐；除伐 improvement felling；improvement cutting抚育作业周期 cycle of tending operations暴长木伐采；上木伐；自由伐；独立伐felling of wolf trees；liberation felling；liberation cut清理伐；除伐 cleaning间伐；前利用；中间利用 intermediate felling；intermediate前利用量；中间利用量；间伐收获 intermediate yield商业间伐；经济间伐；利用间伐 commercial thinning主伐收获；伐期收获 final yield；yield of final crop主伐面积；伐采面积 felling area伐采木标示；林木记号 tree marking；timber marking非正常伐采利用；临时伐采 extraordinary felling；extraordinary harvest采木标示；伐采木(林木)标印；标记 tree marking；timber making伐采 to fell伐采量；收获量 harvest volume终伐；主伐 preparatory felling；preparatory cutting；advance felling收获费用；伐采费；伐出费 harvesting costs倒向；伐倒方向 felling direction；direction of fall伐采季节 felling season；cutting season划伐；渐行伞伐；更新伐 progressive shelterwood felling面积式伐采；伐区式皆伐 area-wise felling疏开伐；离伐；自由伐 severance felling群状(孔状)伞伐；孔状(群状)天然下种(更新)法 group shelterwood；group shelterwood system成熟伐采；成熟的；可伐采的 exploitable；mature伐采 harvest felling伐期龄；砍伐适龄；轮伐期 felling age；exploitation age；rotation age伐采界面；伐采前面；伐采剖面 felling face；felling front木材收获；木材采运；伐运；伐木集运材 timber harvest；timber harvesting皆伐；后伐 clearfell皆伐迹地；皆伐面积 clearcut area；clearfell area楔形伞伐(作业) shelterwood wedge system；wedge system受光伐 overhead release felling利用；林产物利用 utilisation；utilization伐采方法；利用种类；伐采种类；伐采法；开发方式 exploitation method；harvest method 利用率；收获率 harvest percent择伐 selection cutting；selection felling群状划伐；孔状(群状)画伐 group advancement felling终伐；清理伐；主伐 final cutting；final felling开垦 deforestation；forest clearing下种伐 seed cutting；seed felling；seeding cutting；seeding felling带状伐采 strip felling；strip cutting带状伞伐 shelterwood-strip felling带状伐区；带状伐采迹地；带状伐采地(区) strip felled area伞伐 shelterwood felling；shelterwood cutting选伐；等级伐采；选优伐采 selective cutting；selective felling更新伐 regeneration cutting；regeneration felling预备伐 preparatory cutting临时伐采；偶然伐采；强迫伐采 unregulated felling 龄级法 yield regultaion by age classes(trans.)补偿期；平衡期；改良期 regulation period 更新面积 regeneration area主伐收获；主伐收获量 final yield 标准伐采面积；标准保续伐采面积 yield regulation by area 全体(整体)计划；整体计划 intergrated planning 总收获 total yield 标准伐采量；保续伐采量或计划伐采量 prescribd yield 伐采基准计算法；标准伐采计算法 yield determination methods收获查定 yield estimation；yield determination；assessment of yield 预备林 forest reserves；timber reserves 永续收获；永续生产 sustained yield 法正蓄积法 volume and increment control method利用率法 yield determination using harvest percent .收获规正(整) Yield regulation分期；经营(周)期 e period分期面积 periodic block预备林设定(置) creation of volume reserve (trans.)直径级归整收获规正；径级法yield regulation by diameter classes（trans.）固定预备林 Fixing reserve； standing reserve移动预备林 Flowing reserve； mobile reserve间伐收获；中间(间伐)收获 intermediate felling yield 林道 forest road；haul road林区；事业分区；作业区 block直接运出 direct haulage集水区；流域 catchment area土砂路；土路 earth road; unpaved road；dirt road林道网；林道系统forest road network; forest road system；road network森林土地利用计划 forest land use planning贮木；贮材 timber storage运材 timber transport；wood transport装材场；土场；贮木场 loading area；log yard集材场；装卸场；土场 landing集材距离；搬出距离 extraction distance集材路；搬运(出)路；集材线 extraction rack(road)；skid road 集材；搬出 extraction架线集材；钢索集材 cable logging；cable extraction索道；架空线；架线法 skyline system架空线式；集材机集材；架空线集材 cable system；yarder cable way运材距离 transport distance；hauling distance伐倒木 timber felled, but not extracted（trans.）林道计划 forest road contruction plan；roading plan林木期望价；林分期望价 stand expectation value立木价；林木价；林分价值 stand value；value of a stand林木评价；林分评价 stand valuation土地评价；土壤调查 land appraisal土地期望价；林地价 soil expectation value地价 land value地租；土地年金 soil rent; soil rental ; annual equivalent立木价 standing timber value；value standing主伐收入financial returns from final cutting；financial returns from clear felling 间伐收入；疏伐(间伐)收入；经济间伐收获 financial returns from thinnings森林资本；森林资产 forest capital金钱收获；货币收获 monetary value; financial value立木价格 stumpage；standing timber price森林课税；森林税制 forest taxation森林收益性 forest profitability；profitability of forestry森林租金；森林纯收益 forest rent (al)；forest returns森林资产；森林价 Waldwert forest assets森林评价法(学) forest valuation；forest appraisal重置价值 replacement value后价 future value龄级分配(表) age class distribution。