宾语从句及练习题

宾语从句用法：一、宾语从句定义：宾语从句是一种名词性从句，在句中作及物动词的宾语、介词的宾语或形容词的宾语。

二、宾语从句的分类：根据引导宾语从句的不同连词，宾语从句可分为三类。

一类是that引导的宾语从句；一类是whether/ if引导的宾语从句；一类是连接代词，连接副词引导的宾语从句。

(一)that引导的宾语从句1.宾语从句的引导词是that，当谓语动词表示肯定的概念，如“希望”“相信”“知道”或“说”时，后面的句子一般用that引导，that没有任何意义。

只有语法功能，目的使读者清楚后面的句子是宾语从句，that可省略。

接that引导的宾语从句的动词有：believe, expect, explain, feel, hear, hope, imagine, prefer, promise, report, say, see, tell, think, understand, warn, wish等。

引导that用于下列情况时不可省略：（1）当宾语从句的主语是that时，Eg: He says that that is a useful book.（2）当从句前有插入语时Eg: It says, on the card, that it is made in China.（3）当宾语从句中含主从复合句时Eg: I’m afraid that if you’ve lost it, you must pay for it.（4）当两个或多个宾语从句由并列连词连接时，除第一个从句中的that可省略外，其余从句中的that都不可省略Eg: He said (that) the film was very interesting and that he enjoyed seeing it very much.（二）whether/ if引导的宾语从句whether/ if“是否”（宾语从句时一般疑问句时，用whether/ if引导，但不可省略，在从句中不作句子成分,译为“是否”），其要放在宾语从句句首，且宾语从句要用陈述语序。

Eg: I want to know whether/ if my sister is waiting for me at the school gate.whether与if可互换，但只能用whether,不用if的情况如下：1.引导介词的宾语从句：Eg: I’m not angry about whether he will pass the exam.2.直接与or not连用时Eg: I’m not sure whether his answer is right or not.（三）特殊疑问句引导的宾语从句：what, which, who, where, when, how引导。

疑问词在句中有意义，在从句中充当句子成分，不可省略。

Eg: Do you know when the train will arrive?No one knows why Amy is not happy today.三、宾语从句的时态问题（一）宾语从句的时态一致：（1）主句是现在的某种时态，那么宾语从句的时态可根据实际情况而定Eg: (1) I remember he gave me a book yesterday.(2) He has told me that he’ll leave for New York tomorrow.（2）如果主句是过去的某种时态，宾语从句一定要用过去的某种时态。

Eg: He told me that he would take part in the high jump.（二）时态不一致：主句是一般过去时，下列几种情况从句时态不变1.宾语从句表示的是客观事实、科学真理、格言或其他不受时间限制、影响、客观存在的事物时，依然用一般现在时Eg: He said the earth goes around the sun.2.宾语从句解释、表达科技内容时，或表达一种反复出现或目前习惯性的动作时，仍用一般现在时Eg: He said he takes a walk after dinner every evening.3.宾语从句的谓语动词所表示的动作在转述时仍在继续，表示此刻仍存在的状态，从句的时态仍用现在范围内的时态。

Eg: She told me the other day that she is only eight.4.从句中有具体的时间状语，动作是发生在主句动作之前，仍用一般过去时，不改为过去完成时Eg: He said that he was born in 1998.宾语从句练习题：( )1.--- Do you know ______ the meeting?--- Tomorrow morning.A. when they hadB. when they are going to haveC. when did they haveD. when are they going to have( )2.---Could you tell me ______ yuanxiao in China?--- Usually at Lantern Festival.A. when do people eatB. how do people eatC. when people eatD. how people eat( )3.---Do you know ______?--- This afternoon.A. when will the policeman give us a talkB. where will the policeman give us a talkC. when the policeman will give us a talkD. where the policeman will give us a talk( )4.--- David, could you tell me ______?--- Every four years.A. when the 2014 World Cup will finishB. how often the World Cup takes placeC. how many teams take part in the World CupD. who may score the most goals in the World Cup( )5. I don’t understand ______ such a silly question in class yesterday.A. why did John askB. why John askedC. why is John askingD. why John asks( )6. I didn’t know _______.A. when would the train arriveB. where could I get the bookC. what has been doneD. who left the message( )7. It’s hard to believe _____ the way out of the forest without the help of the local guide.A. what they were able to findB. what were they able to findC. how they were able to findD. how were they able to find( )8.--- Excuse me, could you please tell me _____?--- Yes, there is a history museum.A. how often do you go to the history museumB. are there any good museums in KunmingC. how long it takes to get to the history museumD. if there are any good museums in Kunming( )9. --- Why didn’t Helen come to the meeting this morning?--- I don’t know why ______.A. didn’t sheB. she didn’tC. did sheD. she did( )10. I forget ______ my watch yesterday.A. where I putB. where did I putC. where will I putD. where I will put( )11. Sichuan food is hotter than Shanghai food. That’s ______.A. what I like itB. what do I like itC. why I like itD. why do I like it( )12. Our hometown has changed a lot these years. These pictures can show you _____ in the past.A. what our hometown looked likeB. what was our hometown likeC. how our hometown looked likeD. how was our hometown looked( )13.--- Do you know ________ ?--- 8,844.43 meters. It’s a place popular with mountain climbers.A. how high is QomolangmaB. how long is QomolangmaC. how high Qomolangma isD. how long Qomolangma is( ) 14. I have some tickets for the basketball match. I wonder ______.A. where you buy the ticketsB. why you like to go thereC. if you’d like to come alongD. when you watch the match( )15.--- Mum, summer holiday is coming. I wonder ______.--- How about Qinling Wild Zoo?A. where can we goB. where we can goC. how we can goD. how we can go( )16. ---Excuse me, can you tell me ______?--- Sorry, I can’t. You can go to the information desk.A. that there is a trainB. when the train leavesC. which train can I takeD. where does the train go( )17. – So, can you tell me ____ here today?--- Well, I was walking down Centre Street when a UFO landed.A. what did you seeB. what you sayC. when did you see itD. when you saw( )18. --- At present, many people like talking about taxi apps “Kuaidi” and “Didi”. I really wonder ______. --- You can order a taxi through them on your mobile phone easily.A. how can I use themB. who uses them mostC. what they are used forD. who made them( )19. There are so many foggy days these days. We all want to know _______.A. how can we do to prevent itB. how we can do to prevent itC. what we can do to prevent itD. what can we do to prevent it( )20. --- Mr. Green, do you know _______?--- On July 10. It will last a month.A. when our summer camp beginsB. when does our summer camp beginC. where our summer camp beginsD. where does our summer camp begin( )21. She got a nice skirt as a present on her birthday. Do you know _____?A. what was it made ofB. how much did it costC. who buys it for herD. where it was bought( )22.--- Your English is so good. Can you tell us ______?--- A home-school. My father taught me.A. where did you learn itB. where will you learn itC. where you learnt itD. where you will learn it( ) 23. --- Mr. Smith, I found an e-dictionary on the playground.---You should try to find out _____.A. whose is the owner of the e- dictionaryB. who the e-dictionary belongs toC. whose the e-dictionary belongs toD. who does the e-dictionary belongs to( )24. Have you asked the teacher _______ tomorrow morning?A. if we needed an umbrellaB. when and where we shall meetC. how shall we get thereD. what should we take( )25. I didn’t know _______ .A. they looked for whomB. whom did they look forC. whom they looked forD. whom they are looking for( )26. I don’t remember _____ the book yesterday.A. where I putB. where did I putC. where will I putD. where I will put( )27.--- I don’t know ______.--- Because he has to look after his mother.A. why he is leavingB. why is he leavingC. whether he is leavingD. whether is he leaving( )28. --- Did the radio say ______ ?--- Yes, from Hunan.A. how the bad rice cameB. where the bad rice came fromC. how did the bad rice comeD. where did the bad rice come from( )29. I don’t understand _____ that everything’s fine when it’s not.A. how can he sayB. can he say howC. he can say howD. how he can say( )30. --- Peter, could you tell me ______?--- He is under the tree over there.A. where your father isB. what your father isC. how your father isD. who your father is( )31. --- Could you please tell me _____ tomorrow?--- At 8 o’clock.A. how will she comeB. where she will goC. when she will startD. what time will she start( )32.--- Mr. Wang, can you tell me _______?--- will help you.A. why I can get the latest news about educationB. where can I search for the information about high schoolsC. where I can find out the exam scoresD. when I can find out the exam scores( )33. If you can’t find the place, I will show you ______.A. what it isB. what it wasC. where it isD. where it was( )34. --- Do you know ________?---- He is a dentist.A. where he is fromB. where is he fromC. what does his father doD. what his father is( )35.--- Could you please tell me ______?\--- They are over there.A. where are the restroomsB. where the restrooms areC. where the restrooms wereD. how the restrooms are( )36. --- Could you tell me _______ ? I’m going to pick you up at the airport. --- At 15:45 this Friday.A. where you met meB. who you are coming withC. when you came hereD. what time you are arriving( )37. --- Excuse me, could you tell me _______ ?--- Yes. Go along this street and you will find it on your left.A. where is the museumB. which is the way to the museumC. how far is the museumD. how can I get to the museum( )38. --- How soon will you start your journey?--- I’m not sure. I haven’t decided ______.A. when shall I ask the boss for leaveB. where I will go to spend the holidayC. whether I would go by train or by planeD. who could invite me to go( )39. The passenger told the police he couldn’t believe ______ at first.A. what does the captain sayB. what the captain saysC. what did the captain sayD. what the captain said( )40. I don’t know _____.A. where she comes fromB. how old is sheC. when was she bornD. what does she do( )41. --- Hi, Alice. I wonder _______.--- I often go swimming in the sports center.A. where you skateB. what you do on the weekendC. when you exerciseD. whether you enjoy your weekend( )42. --- Could you please tell me _______ ?\--- Sure. Go to the third floor, please.A. which postcards I should takeB. what kind of postcards you haveC. when I should pay for the postcardsD. where I can get some postcards( )43.--- Excuse me, do you know _______ ? I’ve just missed my train. --- Yes. There is one in 10 minutes.A. how I can get to the train stationB. if there’s another train laterC. when I should arrive at the train stationD. how much a train ticket costs( )44.--- I wonder ________.---- I’m not sure, but I hope so. It has been dry for two months.A. if it will rain tomorrowB. why it doesn’t rainC. when the rain will stopD. how long the rain will last( )45.--- What did Betty say to you a moment ago, Jim?--- She wanted to know ______.A. what will my family do this weekendB. who did I play the piano with just nowC. why I am late for the class meetingD. if I could go shopping with her this evening( )46.--- Excuse me, could you tell me _______?--- Go along this road to the bus station, and take Bus No. 31.A. where is the Rice MuseumB. which the way to the Rice Museum wasC. how I can get to the Rice MuseumD. whether is the Rice Museum near here( )47. --- Could you please tell me _______ ?--- Yes. There is one on Center Street.A. when the radio was inventedB. if there is a restaurant around hereC. how I can buy some fruitD. where you will take your vacation( )48.--- Michael, could you tell me ______ ?--- She has gone to the market.A. how your mother isB. what your mother doesC. where your mother isD. when your mother is leaving( )49. --- Pardon me. I wonder ______ .---- I’m not sure. Maybe by bus.A. how he likes this new bookB. how Mrs. Smith fixed up here umbrellaC. how you can make fruit saladD. how the students will get to the farm( )50. --- I want to visit Red Beach in Xingcheng. Could you tell me _______? --- It’s free all the time.A. how far it isB. how much the ticket isC. how I can get thereD. how long it takes to go there答案：1—5 BCCBB 6—10 DCDBA 11—15 CACCB 16—20 BBCCA 21—25 DCBBC 26—30 AABDA 31—35 CCCDB 36—40 DBBDA41-- 45 BDBAD 46—50 CBCDB。