过去分词作定语

过去分词作定语

[例句展示] 仔细观察下列句子中的过去分词的用法。

1. The recovered animals will be released soon.

2. We needed much more qualified workers.

3. This is one of the houses built last year.

4. He is a teacher loved by his students.

5. The student dressed in white is my daughter.

[自我归纳]

1. 过去分词作定语时，表示的动作在______之前发生，已经完成并具有_____意义。此时，作定语的过去分词一般是由_____动词变来的，因为只有此类动词才有被动意义。

2. 单个的过去分词作定语一般放在被修饰的名词_____（见句1、句2）。_____作定语要放在被修饰的名词后面，作后置定语，表示被动或完成，其作用相当于一个______（见句3、句4、句5）。

Have a try:

Tom is a boy______(love) by his parents. He is clever and handsome. He likes book s ______(write) by L. K. Rowling. He also likes singing, especially the songs______ (sing) by Michael Jackson. He studies in a famous middle school, which is______(kn ow) all the Great Britain. The school is particularly beautiful in September, when it i s covered with______(fall) leaves.

[拓展]

1. 不及物动词的过去分词也可作定语，一般作前置定语，不表示被动意义，只强调动作完成。如：fallen leaves落叶；retired workers退休工人；the risen sun升起的太阳。

2. 如果被修饰的词是由every / some / any / no + thing / body / one所构成的复合代词或指示代词those或these等时，即使是单一的过去分词作定语，也要放在被修饰词的后面。如：

There is nothing changed here since I left this town.

3. 过去分词短语有时还可用作非限制性定语，相当于一个非限制性定语从句，前后用逗号分开。如：

Some of them, born and brought up in rural villages, had never seen a train.

[辨析] 过去分词与动词-ing形式作定语时的区别：

动词-ing形式作定语时与所修饰的名词之间是主动关系，表示动作正在进行；而过去分词作定语时，则表示被动或完成意义。如：

Mr Smith, tired of the boring speech, started to read a novel.

The prize of the game show is $30,000 and an all expenses paid vacation to China.